- published: 10 Aug 2007
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- author: spikeylove28
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Edinburgh
Edinburgh (
i/ˈɛdɪnbʌrə/ ED-in-burr-ə; Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Èideann) is the capital city of Scotland and the seat of the Scottish Parliament. It is the second largest city in Scotland and the seventh most populous in the United Kingdom. The City of Edinburgh Council governs one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas. The council area includes urban Edinburgh and a 30 square miles (78 km2) rural area. Located in the south-east of Scotland, Edinburgh lies on the east coast of the Central Belt, along the Firth of Forth, near the North Sea.
The city was one of the historical major centres of the Enlightenment, led by the University of Edinburgh, helping to earn it the nickname Athens of the North. The Old Town and New Town districts of Edinburgh were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995 in recognition of the unique character of the Medieval Old Town and the planned Georgian New Town. It covers both the Old and New Towns together with the Dean Village and the Calton Hill areas. There are over 4,500 listed buildings within the city. In May 2010, it had a total of 40 conservation areas covering 23% of the building stock and 23% of the population, the highest such ratios of any major city in the UK. In the 2011 mid-year population estimates, Edinburgh had a total resident population of 495,360.
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Reichenbach Falls
The Reichenbach Falls (Reichenbachfall) are a series of waterfalls on the River Aar near Meiringen in the Canton of Bern in central Switzerland, Europe. They have a total drop of 250 metres (820 ft). At 90 metres (300 ft), the Upper Reichenbach Falls is one of the highest cataracts in the Alps. The falls are made accessible by the Reichenbachfall-Bahn funicular railway.[citation needed]
Today, a hydro-electric power company[who?] harnesses the flow of the Reichenbach Falls during certain times of year[when?], greatly reducing its flow.[clarification needed][citation needed]
In popular literature, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle gave the falls as the location of the final fight of hero Sherlock Holmes with his nemesis Moriarty.
The town and the falls are known worldwide as the setting for a fictional event: it is the location where Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's hero, Sherlock Holmes, fights to the death with his archnemesis, Professor Moriarty, at the end of The Final Problem. Out of many waterfalls in the Bernese Oberland, the Reichenbach Falls seems to have made the greatest impression on Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, the author of the Sherlock Holmes stories, who was shown them one Swiss holiday[when?] by his host and founder of Lunn Poly and the Public Schools Alpine Sports Club (later the Alpine Ski Club), Sir Henry Lunn. His grandson, the skier and SIS spymaster Peter Lunn, recalled: "My grandfather said 'Push him over the Reichenbach Falls' and Conan Doyle hadn’t heard of them, so he showed them to him." So impressed was Doyle that he decided to let his hero die there. A memorial plate at the funicular station commemorates Holmes and there is also a Sherlock Holmes museum in the nearby town of Meiringen.[citation needed]
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Scotland Yard
Scotland Yard (officially New Scotland Yard, though an official Scotland Yard never has existed) is a metonym for the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service of the British capital, London. It derives from the location of the original Metropolitan Police headquarters at 4 Whitehall Place, which had a rear entrance on a street called Great Scotland Yard. The Scotland Yard entrance became the public entrance to the police station. Over time, the street and the Metropolitan Police became synonymous. The New York Times wrote in 1964 that, just as Wall Street gave its name to the New York financial world, Scotland Yard did the same for police activity in London. The Metropolitan Police moved away from Scotland Yard in 1890, and the name "New Scotland Yard" was adopted for the new headquarters.
Commonly known as the "Met", the Metropolitan Police Service is responsible for law enforcement within Greater London, excluding the square mile of the City of London, which is covered by the City of London Police. The London Underground and national rail network are the responsibility of the British Transport Police. The Metropolitan Police was formed by Home Secretary Sir Robert Peel with the implementation of the Metropolitan Police Act, passed by Parliament in 1829. Peel, with the help of Eugène-François Vidocq, selected the original site at 4 Whitehall Place for the new police headquarters. The first two Commissioners, Charles Rowan and Richard Mayne, along with various police officers and staff, occupied the building. Previously a private house, 4 Whitehall Place backed onto a street called Great Scotland Yard.
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Swiss Alps
The Swiss Alps (German: Schweizer Alpen, French: Alpes suisses, Italian: Alpi svizzere, Romansh: Alps svizras) are the portion of the Alps mountain range that lies within Switzerland. Because of their central position within the entire Alpine range, they are also known as the Central Alps. The highest summit in the Swiss Alps is Monte Rosa (4,634 metres) near the Swiss-Italian border. The highest mountain which lies entirely on Swiss territory is the Dom (4,545 metres). Other main summits can be found in the list of mountains in Switzerland.
Since the Middle Ages, transit across the Alps played an important role in history. The region north of the St. Gotthard Pass became the nucleus of the Swiss Confederacy in the early 14th century.
The Alps cover 65% of Switzerland's surface area (41,285 km²), making it one of the most alpine countries. Despite the fact that Switzerland covers only 14% of the Alps total area (192,753 km²), many alpine four-thousanders (48 of 82) are located in the Swiss Alps and the remaining few are within 20 km of the country's border.
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Tay Bridge disaster
The Tay Bridge disaster occurred during a violent storm on 28 December 1879 when the first Tay Rail Bridge collapsed while a train was passing over it from Wormit to Dundee, killing all aboard. The bridge – designed by Sir Thomas Bouch – used lattice girders supported by iron piers, with cast iron columns and wrought iron cross-bracing. The piers were narrower and their cross-bracing was less extensive and robust than on previous similar designs by Bouch.
Bouch had sought expert advice on "wind loading" when designing a proposed rail bridge over the Firth of Forth; as a result of that advice he had made no explicit allowance for wind loading in the design of the Tay Bridge. There were other flaws in detailed design, in maintenance, and in quality control of castings, all of which were, at least in part, Bouch's responsibility.
Bouch died within the year, with his reputation as an engineer ruined. Future British bridge designs had to allow for wind loadings of up to 56 pounds per square foot (2.7 kPa). Bouch's design for the Forth Rail Bridge was not used.
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Agatha Christie
Dame Agatha Mary Clarissa Christie DBE (née Miller; 15 September 1890 – 12 January 1976) was a British crime writer of novels, short stories, and plays. She also wrote romances under the name Mary Westmacott, but she is best remembered for her 66 detective novels and more than 15 short story collections (especially those featuring Hercule Poirot or Miss Jane Marple), and her successful West End plays.
According to the Guinness Book of World Records, Christie is the best-selling novelist of all time. Her novels have sold roughly four billion copies, and her estate claims that her works rank third, after those of William Shakespeare and the Bible, as the most widely published books. According to Index Translationum, Christie is the most translated individual author, with only the collective corporate works of Walt Disney Productions surpassing her. Her books have been translated into at least 103 languages.
Agatha Christie published two autobiographies: a posthumous one covering childhood to old age; and another chronicling several seasons of archaeological excavation in Syria and Iraq with her second husband, archaeologist Max Mallowan. The latter was published in 1946 with the title, Come, Tell Me How You Live.
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Anthony Boucher
Anthony Boucher (born William Anthony Parker White; August 21, 1911 – April 29, 1968) was an American science fiction editor and author of mystery novels and short stories. He was particularly influential as an editor. Between 1942 and 1947 he acted as reviewer of mostly mystery fiction for the San Francisco Chronicle. In addition to 'Anthony Boucher', White also employed the pseudonym 'H. H. Holmes', which was the name of a late 19th-Century American serial killer.
In a poll of 17 detective story writers and reviewers, his novel Nine Times Nine was voted as the ninth best locked room mystery of all time.
White was born in Oakland, California, and went to college at the University of Southern California. He later received a Masters Degree from the University of California, Berkeley.
Boucher (as he was more commonly known) was admired for his mystery writing but was most noted for his editing, his science fiction anthologies, and his mystery reviews for many years in The New York Times. He was the first English translator of Jorge Luis Borges, translating "El jardín de senderos que se bifurcan" for Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine. He helped found the Mystery Writers of America in 1946 and, in the same year, was one of the first winners of the MWA's Edgar Award for his mystery reviews in the San Francisco Chronicle. He was founding editor (with J. Francis McComas) of The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction from 1949 to 1958, and was seminal in attempting to make literary quality an important aspect of science fiction. He won the Hugo Award for Best Professional Magazine in 1957 and 1958. Boucher also edited the long-running Best from Fantasy and Science Fiction anthology series, 1952-1959.
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Anthony Higgins
Anthony C. Higgins (October 1, 1840 - June 26, 1912) was a lawyer and politician from Wilmington, in New Castle County, Delaware. He was a veteran of the Civil War and a member of the Republican, who served as United States Senator from Delaware.
Higgins was born in Red Lion Hundred in New Castle County, Delaware. He attended Newark Academy and Delaware College, and graduated from Yale College in 1861, where he was a member of Skull and Bones. After studying law at the Harvard Law School, he was admitted to the bar in 1864 and began practice in Wilmington, Delaware. He also served for a time in the Union Army in 1864.
Higgins was appointed deputy Attorney General in 1864 and was the United States attorney for Delaware from 1869 until 1876. He was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for election to the 49th Congress in 1884, but was elected to the United States Senate and served from March 4, 1889 until March 3, 1895, when he unsuccessfully sought reelection. During his tenure he was Chairman of the Committee to Examine Branches of the Civil Service in the 51st and 52nd Congress, and a member of the Committee on Manufactures in the 52nd Congress. Subsequently, he resumed the practice of law in Wilmington, including service as one of the attorneys for the respondent in the impeachment proceedings of United States District Court Judge Charles Swayne of Florida in 1904/05.
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Anthony Horowitz
Anthony Horowitz (born 5 April 1955) is an English novelist and screenwriter. He has written many children's novels, including The Power of Five, Alex Rider and The Diamond Brothers series and has written over fifty books. He has also written extensively for television, adapting many of Agatha Christie's Hercule Poirot novels for the ITV series. He is the creator and writer of the ITV series Foyle's War, Midsomer Murders and Collision.
Anthony Horowitz was born in 1955 in Middlesex, into a wealthy French Jewish family, and in his early years lived an upper-class lifestyle. As an overweight and unhappy child, Horowitz enjoyed reading books from his father's library. At the age of eight, Horowitz was sent to the boarding school Orley Farm in Harrow, Middlesex. There, he entertained his peers by telling them the stories he had read. Horowitz described his time in the school as "a brutal experience", recalling that he was often beaten by the headmaster.
Horowitz's father acted as a "fixer" for prime minister Harold Wilson. Facing bankruptcy, he moved his assets into Swiss numbered bank accounts. He died from cancer when his son Anthony was 22, and the family was never able to track down the missing money despite years of trying. Horowitz adored his mother, who introduced him to Frankenstein and Dracula. She also gave him a human skull for his 13th birthday. Horowitz said in an interview that it reminds him to get to the end of each story since he will soon look like the skull. From the age of eight, Horowitz knew he wanted to be a writer, realising "the only time when I'm totally happy is when I'm writing". He graduated from the University of York with a BA in English literature in 1977.
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Arthur Conan Doyle
Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle DL (22 May 1859 – 7 July 1930) was a Scottish physician and writer, most noted for his stories about the detective Sherlock Holmes, generally considered a milestone in the field of crime fiction, and for the adventures of Professor Challenger. He was a prolific writer whose other works include science fiction stories, plays, romances, poetry, non-fiction and historical novels.
Arthur Conan Doyle was born on 22 May 1859 at 11 Picardy Place, Edinburgh, Scotland. His father, Charles Altamont Doyle, was English of Irish descent, and his mother, born Mary Foley, was Irish. They married in 1855. In 1864 the family dispersed due to Charles's growing alcoholism and the children were temporarily housed across Edinburgh. In 1867, the family came together again and lived in the squalid tenement flats at 3 Sciennes Place.
Although he is now referred to as "Conan Doyle", the origin of this compound surname is uncertain. The entry in which his baptism is recorded in the register of St Mary's Cathedral in Edinburgh gives "Arthur Ignatius Conan" as his Christian name, and simply "Doyle" as his surname. It also names Michael Conan as his godfather.
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Babbage
Charles Babbage, FRS (26 December 1791 – 18 October 1871) was an English mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer who originated the concept of a programmable computer. Considered a "father of the computer", Babbage is credited with inventing the first mechanical computer that eventually led to more complex designs.
Parts of his uncompleted mechanisms are on display in the London Science Museum. In 1991, a perfectly functioning difference engine was constructed from Babbage's original plans. Built to tolerances achievable in the 19th century, the success of the finished engine indicated that Babbage's machine would have worked. Nine years later, the Science Museum completed the printer Babbage had designed for the difference engine.
Babbage's birthplace is disputed, but he was most likely born at 44 Crosby Row, Walworth Road, London, England. A blue plaque on the junction of Larcom Street and Walworth Road commemorates the event.
His date of birth was given in his obituary in The Times as 26 December 1792. However after the obituary appeared, a nephew wrote to say that Charles Babbage was born one year earlier, in 1791. The parish register of St. Mary's Newington, London, shows that Babbage was baptised on 6 January 1792, supporting a birth year of 1791.
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Basil Rathbone
Sir Philip St. John Basil Rathbone, KBE, MC, Kt (13 June 1892 – 21 July 1967) was a South African-born British actor. He rose to prominence in England as a Shakespearean stage actor and went on to appear in over 70 films, primarily costume dramas, swashbucklers, and, occasionally, horror films. He frequently portrayed suave villains or morally ambiguous characters, such as Murdstone in David Copperfield (1935) and Sir Guy of Gisbourne in The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938). His most famous role, however, was heroic—that of Sherlock Holmes in fourteen Hollywood films made between 1939 and 1946 and in a radio series. His later career included Broadway and television work; he received a Tony Award in 1948 as Best Actor in a Play.
He was born Philip St. John Basil Rathbone in Johannesburg, South African Republic, to English parents Edgar Philip Rathbone, a mining engineer and scion of the Liverpool Rathbone family, and Anna Barbara née George, a violinist. He had two older half brothers Harold and Horace as well as two younger siblings, Beatrice and John. The Rathbones fled to England when Basil was three years old after his father was accused by the Boers of being a British spy near the onset of the Second Boer War at the end of the 1890s.
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Benedict Cumberbatch
Benedict Timothy Carlton Cumberbatch (born 19 July 1976) is an English film, television, radio and theatre actor. His most acclaimed roles include Stephen Hawking in the BBC drama Hawking (2004); William Pitt in the historical film Amazing Grace (2006); the protagonist Stephen Ezard in the miniseries thriller The Last Enemy (2008); Paul Marshall in Atonement (2007); Bernard in Small Island (2009); Sherlock Holmes in the modern BBC adaptation series Sherlock (2010); and Peter Guillam in the spy thriller Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy (2011).
In February 2011, he began playing both Victor Frankenstein and his creature opposite Jonny Lee Miller in Danny Boyle's stage adaptation of Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. The play had a three-month run at the National Theatre. In late 2011, he played Major Stewart in Steven Spielberg's War Horse (2011). The film received five BAFTA nominations and six Academy Award nominations, including the Best Picture nomination in 2012. He also played Peter Guillam, one of the pivotal roles in Tomas Alfredson's Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy (2011), which was nominated for three Academy Awards and 11 BAFTA Awards. Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy was also nominated for Best Picture in 2012.
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Billy Wilder
Billy Wilder (22 June 1906 – 27 March 2002) was an Austro-Hungarian born American filmmaker, screenwriter, producer, artist, and journalist, whose career spanned more than 50 years and 60 films. He is regarded as one of the most brilliant and versatile filmmakers of Hollywood's golden age. Wilder is one of only five people to have won Academy Awards as producer, director, and writer for the same film (The Apartment).
Wilder became a screenwriter in the late 1920s while living in Berlin. After the rise of Nazi Party, Wilder, who was Jewish, left for Paris, where he made his directorial debut. He relocated to Hollywood in 1933, and in 1939 he had a hit when he co-wrote the screenplay to the screwball comedy Ninotchka. Wilder established his directorial reputation after helming Double Indemnity (1944), a film noir he co-wrote with mystery novelist Raymond Chandler. Wilder earned the Best Director and Best Screenplay Academy Awards for the adaptation of a Charles R. Jackson story The Lost Weekend, about alcoholism. In 1950, Wilder co-wrote and directed the critically acclaimed Sunset Boulevard.
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Boris Akunin
Boris Akunin (Russian: Борис Акунин) is the pen name of Grigory Shalvovich Chkhartishvili (Russian: Григорий Шалвович Чхартишвили; Georgian: გრიგოლ ჩხარტიშვილი) (born May 20, 1956), a Russian writer of Georgian origin. He is an essayist, literary translator and writer of detective fiction. Grigory Chkhartishvili has also written under pen names Anatoly Brusnikin and Anna Borisova.
Chkhartishvili was born in Zestafoni to a Georgian father and Jewish mother, and since 1958 has lived in Moscow. Influenced by Japanese Kabuki theatre, he joined the historical-philological branch of the Institute of Asian and African Countries of Moscow State University as an expert on Japan. He worked as assistant to the editor-in-chief of the magazine Foreign Literature, but left in October 2000 to pursue a career as a fiction writer.
Under his given name of Grigory Chkhartishvili, he serves as editor-in-chief of the 20-volume Anthology of Japanese Literature, chairman of the board of a large "Pushkin Library " (Soros Fund), and is the author of the book The Writer and Suicide (Moscow, The New Literary Review, 1999). He has also contributed literary criticism and translations from Japanese, American and English literature under his own name.
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Brigadier Gerard
Brigadier Gerard is the hero of a series of comic short stories by British writer Arthur Conan Doyle. The hero, Etienne Gerard, is a Hussar in the French Army during the Napoleonic Wars. Gerard's most notable attribute is his vanity - he is utterly convinced that he is the bravest soldier, greatest swordsman, accomplished horseman and gallant lover in all France. Gerard is not entirely wrong since he displays notable bravery on many occasions, but his self-satisfaction undercuts this quite often. Obsessed with honour and glory, he is always ready with a stirring speech or a gallant remark to a lady.
Conan Doyle, in making his hero a vain, and often rather uncomprehending Frenchman, was able to satirise both the stereotypical English view of the French, and - by presenting them from Gerard's baffled point of view - English manners and attitudes.
Gerard tells the stories from the point of view of an old man now living in retirement in Paris. We discover that he was born in Gascony in the early 1780s (he is 25 in "How the Brigadier Captured Saragossa"); in "How the Brigadier Rode to Minsk" he attends a review of troops about to depart for the Crimea (1854-5), and this is the last identifiable date in his life, although "The Last Adventure" has a still later setting, with Gerard about to return to his Gascon homeland. He first joins the 2nd Hussars - the Hussars of Chamberan - around 1799, serving as a Lieutenant and Junior Captain. He first sees action at Marengo in Italy in 1800. He transfers to the 3rd Hussars of Conflans in 1807 as a Senior Captain. He speaks somewhat idiosyncratic English, having learned it from an officer in the Irish Regiment of the French Army. By 1810 he is Colonel of the 2nd Hussars. He serves in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany and Russia. He is awarded the Grand-Cross of the Légion d'honneur by Napoleon in 1814. There are various discrepancies in the accounts of his life, not the least that in none of the stories except the last is he married.
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Buster Keaton
Joseph Frank "Buster" Keaton (October 4, 1895 – February 1, 1966) was an American comic actor, filmmaker, producer and writer. He was best known for his silent films, in which his trademark was physical comedy with a consistently stoic, deadpan expression, earning him the nickname "The Great Stone Face".
Buster Keaton (his lifelong stage name) was recognized as the seventh-greatest director of all time by Entertainment Weekly. In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Keaton the 21st-greatest male star of all time. Critic Roger Ebert wrote of Keaton's "extraordinary period from 1920 to 1929, [when] he worked without interruption on a series of films that make him, arguably, the greatest actor-director in the history of the movies."
Orson Welles stated that Keaton's The General is "the greatest comedy ever made, the greatest Civil War film ever made, and perhaps the greatest film ever made."
A 2002 worldwide poll by Sight & Sound ranked Keaton's The General as the 15th best film of all time. Three other Keaton films received votes in the magazine's survey: Our Hospitality, Sherlock, Jr., and The Navigator.
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Christopher Lee
Sir Christopher Frank Carandini Lee, CBE, CStJ (born 27 May 1922) is an English actor and musician. Lee initially portrayed villains and became famous for his role as Count Dracula in a string of Hammer Horror films. Other notable roles include Francisco Scaramanga in the James Bond film The Man with the Golden Gun (1974), Saruman in The Lord of the Rings film trilogy (2001–2003), and Count Dooku in the final two films of the Star Wars prequel trilogy (2002, 2005). He has collaborated with director Tim Burton in five films, most recently with Dark Shadows (2012).
Lee considers his most important role to be his portrayal of Pakistan's founder Muhammad Ali Jinnah in the biopic Jinnah (1998); however, he considers his best role to be that of Lord Summerisle in the British cult classic The Wicker Man (1973), which he also believes to be his best film. Lee is well known for his deep, strong voice and imposing height. He has performed roles in 275 films since 1946 making him the Guinness World Record holder for most film acting roles ever. He was knighted for services to drama and charity in 2009, and received the BAFTA Fellowship in 2011.
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Christopher Morley
Christopher Morley (May 5, 1890 – March 28, 1957) was an American journalist, novelist, essayist and poet. He also produced stage productions for a few years and gave college lectures.
Christopher Morley was born in Haverford, Pennsylvania. His father, Frank Morley, was a mathematics professor at Haverford College; his mother, Lilian Janet Bird, was a poet and musician who provided Christopher with much of his later love for literature and poetry.
In 1900 the family moved to Baltimore, Maryland. In 1906 Christopher entered Haverford College, graduating in 1910 as valedictorian. He then went to New College, Oxford, for three years on a Rhodes scholarship, studying modern history.
In 1913 Morley completed his Oxford studies and moved to Garden City, New York. On 14 June 1914 he married Helen Booth Fairchild (with whom he would have four children). They first lived in Hempstead, and then in Queens Village. They then moved to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and in 1920 they made their final move, to a house they called "Green Escape" in Roslyn Estates, New York. They remained there for the rest of his life. In 1936 he built a cabin at the rear of the property (The Knothole), which he maintained as his writing study from then on.
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Christopher Plummer
Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer, CC (born December 13, 1929) is a Canadian theatre, film and television actor. He made his film debut in 1958's Stage Struck, and notable early film performances include The Night of the Generals, The Return of the Pink Panther, and The Man Who Would Be King.
In a career that spans seven decades and includes substantial roles in each of the dramatic arts, Plummer is probably best known to audiences as the autocratic widower Captain Georg Ludwig von Trapp in the hit 1965 musical film The Sound of Music alongside Julie Andrews. Plummer has also ventured into various television projects, including the legendary miniseries The Thorn Birds.
His most recent film roles include the The Insider as Mike Wallace, the Disney-Pixar 2009 film Up as Charles Muntz, the Shane Acker production 9 as 1, The Last Station as Leo Tolstoy, The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus as Doctor Parnassus, The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Henrik Vanger, and Beginners as Hal.
Plummer has won numerous awards and accolades for his work, including an Academy Award, two Emmy Awards, two Tony Awards, a Golden Globe Award, a SAG Award, and a BAFTA Award. With his win at the age of 82 in 2012 for Beginners, Plummer is the oldest actor ever to win an Academy Award.
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Colin Blakely
Colin George Blakely (23 September 1930 – 7 May 1987) was a Northern Irish character actor. He was considered an actor of great range.
Born in Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland, Blakely attended Sedbergh School in Yorkshire. At 18 he started work in his family's sports goods shop, before going on to work as a timber-loader on the railways. In 1957, after a spell of amateur dramatics with the Bangor Operatic Society, he turned professional with the Group Theatre, Belfast.
In 1957, at the age of 27, Blakely made his stage debut as Dick McCardle in Master of the House. He also appeared in several Ulster Group Theatre productions, including Gerard McLarnon's Bonefire (1958) and Patricia O'Connor's A Sparrow Falls (1959). From 1957 to 1959 he was at the Royal Court Theatre, appearing in Cock-A-Doodle Dandy, Serjeant Musgrave's Dance and, to critical approval, The Taming of Murderers Rock. In 1961, he joined the Royal Shakespeare Company at Stratford-upon-Avon and from 1963 to 1968 was with the National Theatre at the Old Vic.
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David Shore
David Shore (born July 3, 1959 London, Ontario) is a Canadian writer, and former lawyer, best known for his work writing and producing in television. Shore became known for his work on Family Law, NYPD Blue and Due South, also producing many episodes of the latter. He went on to create the critically acclaimed series, House.
Both of David Shore's parents are Jewish. His younger twin brothers, Ephraim and Robert, are Aish HaTorah rabbis. David is the only member of his family involved in television.
Shore attended the University of Western Ontario for his undergraduate studies after graduating from A.B. Lucas Secondary School with distinction. He subsequently attended the University of Toronto for his law degree in 1982. Following his education he initially worked as a municipal and corporate lawyer in his native Canada before he moved to Los Angeles to break into television. He sees this as a lateral move, as he did not consider being an attorney an uncreative occupation.[citation needed]
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Debrah Farentino
Debrah Farentino (born September 30, 1959) is an American model and actress.
Farentino was born Deborah Mullowney in Lucas Valley, California. She attended Miller Creek Junior High School, and Terra Linda High School in San Rafael, California. She attended UCLA and was a model for Ford before becoming an actress.
Farentino has been an actress since 1982 when she appeared in the TV series Capitol and has appeared in numerous movies and TV shows, including Hooperman (1987-1989) and Son of the Pink Panther (1993). She has guest starred in several series including NYPD Blue (1994), the revival of The Outer Limits (1996), JAG (2002), and CSI: Miami (2003). Perhaps her most famous role was as Devon Adair in NBC's short lived SciFi series Earth 2. Her most recent roles include as Isabelle Matia-Paris in the ABC series Wildfire and Beverly Barlowe in the Sci-Fi Channel series Eureka.
I don't know anyone else who has been on as many shows as I have at my age and hasn't had a hit, You'd think a track record like that would discourage people from hiring me. But I think it works in my favor. Because I've had the opportunity to work a lot and not be pigeonholed. Maybe there's something to this one season- and-out thing.
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Doctor Watson
John H. Watson, M.D., known as Dr. Watson, is a character in the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Watson is Sherlock Holmes's friend, assistant and sometime flatmate, and is the first person narrator of all but four stories in the Sherlock Holmes canon.
Doctor Watson's first name is mentioned on only three occasions. Part one of the very first Sherlock Holmes story, A Study in Scarlet, is subtitled 'Being a reprint from the Reminiscences of John H. Watson, M.D., Late of the Army Medical Department'. In '"The Problem of Thor Bridge"', Watson says that his dispatch box is labeled 'John H. Watson, M.D'.Watson's wife calls him 'James' in "The Man with the Twisted Lip"; Dorothy L. Sayers speculates that Morstan may be referring to his middle name Hamish (which means James in Scottish Gaelic), though Doyle himself never addresses this beyond including the initial. In every other instance, he is called either Doctor or Watson, or both together, and his first name is never used again.
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Dorothy L. Sayers
Dorothy Leigh Sayers (usually pronounced /ˈseɪ.ərz/, although Sayers herself preferred [ˈsɛːz] and encouraged the use of her middle initial to facilitate this pronunciation;Oxford, 13 June 1893 – Witham, 17 December 1957) was a renowned English crime writer, poet, playwright, essayist, translator and Christian humanist. She was also a student of classical and modern languages. She is best known for her mysteries, a series of novels and short stories set between World War I and World War II that feature English aristocrat and amateur sleuth Lord Peter Wimsey. However, Sayers herself considered her translation of Dante's Divine Comedy to be her best work. She is also known for her plays and essays.
Sayers, an only child, was born on 13 June 1893 at the Head Master's House, Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, where her father, the Rev. Henry Sayers, M.A., was chaplain of Christ Church and headmaster of the Choir School. (When she was six he started teaching her Latin.) She grew up in the tiny village of Bluntisham-cum-Earith in Huntingdonshire, after her father was given the living there as rector. The Regency rectory is an elegant building, while the church graveyard features the surnames of several characters from her mystery The Nine Tailors. The proximity of the River Great Ouse and the Fens invites comparison with the book's vivid description of a massive flood around the village.
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Dorothy Sayers
Dorothy Leigh Sayers (usually pronounced /ˈseɪ.ərz/, although Sayers herself preferred [ˈsɛːz] and encouraged the use of her middle initial to facilitate this pronunciation;Oxford, 13 June 1893 – Witham, 17 December 1957) was a renowned English crime writer, poet, playwright, essayist, translator and Christian humanist. She was also a student of classical and modern languages. She is best known for her mysteries, a series of novels and short stories set between World War I and World War II that feature English aristocrat and amateur sleuth Lord Peter Wimsey. However, Sayers herself considered her translation of Dante's Divine Comedy to be her best work. She is also known for her plays and essays.
Sayers, an only child, was born on 13 June 1893 at the Head Master's House, Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford, where her father, the Rev. Henry Sayers, M.A., was chaplain of Christ Church and headmaster of the Choir School. (When she was six he started teaching her Latin.) She grew up in the tiny village of Bluntisham-cum-Earith in Huntingdonshire, after her father was given the living there as rector. The Regency rectory is an elegant building, while the church graveyard features the surnames of several characters from her mystery The Nine Tailors. The proximity of the River Great Ouse and the Fens invites comparison with the book's vivid description of a massive flood around the village.
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Dr. Watson
John H. Watson, M.D., known as Dr. Watson, is a character in the Sherlock Holmes stories by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Watson is Sherlock Holmes's friend, assistant and sometime flatmate, and is the first person narrator of all but four stories in the Sherlock Holmes canon.
Doctor Watson's first name is mentioned on only three occasions. Part one of the very first Sherlock Holmes story, A Study in Scarlet, is subtitled 'Being a reprint from the Reminiscences of John H. Watson, M.D., Late of the Army Medical Department'. In '"The Problem of Thor Bridge"', Watson says that his dispatch box is labeled 'John H. Watson, M.D'.Watson's wife calls him 'James' in "The Man with the Twisted Lip"; Dorothy L. Sayers speculates that Morstan may be referring to his middle name Hamish (which means James in Scottish Gaelic), though Doyle himself never addresses this beyond including the initial. In every other instance, he is called either Doctor or Watson, or both together, and his first name is never used again.
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Edgar Allan Poe
Edgar Allan Poe (born Edgar Poe; January 19, 1809 – October 7, 1849) was an American author, poet, editor and literary critic, considered part of the American Romantic Movement. Best known for his tales of mystery and the macabre, Poe was one of the earliest American practitioners of the short story and is considered the inventor of the detective fiction genre. He is further credited with contributing to the emerging genre of science fiction. He was the first well-known American writer to try to earn a living through writing alone, resulting in a financially difficult life and career.
He was born as Edgar Poe in Boston, Massachusetts; he was orphaned young when his mother died shortly after his father abandoned the family. Poe was taken in by John and Frances Allan, of Richmond, Virginia, but they never formally adopted him. He attended the University of Virginia for one semester but left due to lack of money. After enlisting in the Army and later failing as an officer's cadet at West Point, Poe parted ways with the Allans. His publishing career began humbly, with an anonymous collection of poems, Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827), credited only to "a Bostonian".
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Flaubert
Gustave Flaubert (French pronunciation: [ɡystav flobɛʁ]) (December 12, 1821 – May 8, 1880) was a French writer who is counted among the greatest Western novelists. He is known especially for his first published novel, Madame Bovary (1857), and for his scrupulous devotion to his art and style.
Flaubert was born on December 12, 1821, in Rouen, in the Seine-Maritime department of Upper Normandy, in northern France. He was the second son of Achille-Cléophas Flaubert (1784–1846), a surgeon, and Anne Justine Caroline (née Fleuriot) (1793–1872). He began writing at an early age, as early as eight according to some sources.
He was educated at the Lycée Pierre Corneille in Rouen. and did not leave until 1840, when he went to Paris to study law. In Paris, he was an indifferent student and found the city distasteful. He made a few acquaintances, including Victor Hugo. Toward the close of 1840, he traveled in the Pyrenees and Corsica. In 1846, after an attack of epilepsy, he left Paris and abandoned the study of law.
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Fritz Weaver
Fritz William Weaver (born January 19, 1926) is an American actor and voice actor.
Weaver was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the son of Elsa W. (née Stringaro) and John Carson Weaver. His mother was of Italian descent and his father was a social worker from Pittsburgh. Weaver attended Peabody High School. He served in Civilian Public Service as a conscientious objector during World War II, breaking into acting in the early 1950s. His first television role came in 1956 on an episode of The United States Steel Hour. He would continue to appear on television during the next four decades, appearing on such shows as The Twilight Zone (in episodes "Third from the Sun" and "The Obsolete Man"), Beyond This Place, Dr. Kildare, The Fugitive, The Man from U.N.C.L.E., Rawhide, Mission: Impossible, Combat!, Gunsmoke, Mannix, Night Gallery, Kung Fu, Hawaii Five-O, Wonder Woman, Magnum, P.I., Murder, She Wrote, Matlock, Law & Order, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine (in the episode "Tribunal"), 12 O'Clock High, The X-Files, and Frasier. Weaver also starred in the TV movies Holocaust (1978), and The Legend of Lizzie Borden.
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Gareth David-Lloyd
Gareth David-Lloyd (born 28 March 1981) is a Welsh actor best known for his role as Ianto Jones in the British science fiction television programme Torchwood.
He was born Gareth David Lloyd in Bettws, Newport, Wales, United Kingdom. David-Lloyd's first acting role was as a robot in a junior school play. As a teenager, he joined the Gwent Young People's Theatre in Abergavenny and The Dolman Youth Theatre in Newport. While there, he appeared in several plays, including Macbeth, The Threepenny Opera and Henry V, in which he played the title role. Gareth studied Performing Arts at Crosskeys College in South Wales. When former Labour Party leader Neil Kinnock saw the young David-Lloyd performing at Monmouth Castle, he sent him £250 to use towards his acting career.
While studying at Coleg Gwent, Crosskeys, David-Lloyd appeared in various local stage productions at the Dolman Theatre in Newport and the Sherman Theatre in Cardiff. David-Lloyd went on to train at the National Youth Theatre, before moving to Reading to pursue his acting career with The Rep College. David-Lloyd's parts have included Sebastian in Twelfth Night on stage.
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George C. Scott
George Campbell Scott (October 18, 1927 – September 22, 1999) was an American stage and film actor, director and producer. He was best known for his stage work, as well as his portrayal of General George S. Patton in the film Patton, and as General Buck Turgidson in Stanley Kubrick's Dr. Strangelove.
George Campbell Scott was born in Wise, Virginia, the son of Helena Agnes (née Slemp; 1904–1935) and George Dewey Scott (1902–1988). His mother died just before his eighth birthday, and he was raised by his father, an executive with Buick. Scott's original ambition was to be a writer like his favorite author, F. Scott Fitzgerald; while attending Redford High School in Detroit, he wrote many short stories, none of which were ever published. As an adult, he tried on many occasions to write a novel, but was never able to complete one to his satisfaction.[citation needed]
Scott joined the US Marines, serving from 1945-49. He was assigned to 8th and I Barracks in Washington, D.C., in which capacity he taught English literature and radio speaking/writing at the Marine Corps Institute. He later claimed his duties at Arlington led to his drinking. After his military service, Scott enrolled in the University of Missouri, where he majored in journalism and then became interested in drama; he left college after a year to pursue acting.
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George Sand
Amantine (also "Amandine") Lucile Aurore Dupin (French pronunciation: [amɑ̃tin lysil oʁɔʁ dypɛ̃], later Baroness (French: baronne) Dudevant (Paris, 1 July 1804 – 8 June 1876), best known by her pseudonym George Sand (French pronunciation: [ʒɔʁʒ sɑ̃d]), was a French novelist and memoirist.
Sand's father, Maurice Dupin, was the grandson of the Marshal General of France, Maurice, Comte de Saxe, himself an illegitimate son of Augustus II the Strong, King of Poland and a Saxon elector, and a cousin to the sixth degree to the kings of France Louis XVI, Louis XVIII and Charles X. Sand's mother, Sophie-Victoire Delaborde, was a commoner. Sand was born in Paris but raised for much of her childhood by her grandmother, Marie Aurore de Saxe, Madame Dupin de Francueil, at her grandmother's estate, Nohant, in the French province of Berry (See House of George Sand). She later used the setting in many of her novels. It has been said[by whom?] that her upbringing was quite liberal.
In 1822, at the age of nineteen, Sand married Baron Casimir Dudevant (1795–1871), illegitimate son of Baron Jean-François Dudevant. She and Dudevant had two children: Maurice (1823–1889) and Solange (1828–1899). In early 1831, she left her prosaic husband and entered upon a four- or five-year period of "romantic rebellion." In 1835, she was legally separated from Dudevant and took her children with her.
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Goethe
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (German pronunciation: [ˈjoːhan ˈvɔlfɡaŋ fɔn ˈɡøːtə] (
listen), 28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German writer, pictorial artist, biologist, theoretical physicist, and polymath. He is considered the supreme genius of modern German literature. His works span the fields of poetry, drama, prose, philosophy, and science. His Faust has been called one of the greatest dramatic works of modern European literature. His other well-known literary works include his numerous poems, the Bildungsroman Wilhelm Meister's Apprenticeship, and the epistolary novel The Sorrows of Young Werther.
Goethe was one of the key figures of German literature and the movement of Weimar Classicism in the late 18th and early 19th centuries; this movement coincides with Enlightenment, Sentimentalism (Empfindsamkeit), Sturm und Drang and Romanticism. The author of the scientific text Theory of Colours, his influential ideas on plant and animal morphology and homology were extended and developed by 19th century naturalists including Charles Darwin. He also served at length as the Privy Councilor of the duchy of Saxe-Weimar.
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Guy Ritchie
Guy Stuart Ritchie (born 10 September 1968) is an English screenwriter and film maker best known for directing Lock, Stock and Two Smoking Barrels, Snatch, Revolver, RocknRolla and Sherlock Holmes and its sequel.
Ritchie was born in Hatfield, Hertfordshire, the second of two children born to Amber (née Parkinson) and Captain John Vivian Ritchie (b. 1928), former Seaforth Highlanders serviceman and advertising executive. John Vivian's father was Major Stewart Ritchie, who died in France, in 1940, during World War Two. John Ritchie's mother was Doris Margaretta McLaughlin (b. 1896), daughter of Vivian Guy McLaughlin (b. 1865) and Edith Martineau (b. 1866). Most of Ritchie's family on the McLaughlin and Martineau lines were appointed Reverends, Barons or Knighted at some point. The peerage started with the Very Rev. Hubert McLaughlin (b. 1805), father of famous nurse Louisa McLaughlin, and ancestor of Patrick McLaughlin, who was the first in his direct family to be given the according title, as he was born into a blue collar family and worked hard to find nobility. Ritchie's mother, Amber, would later go on to marry a baronet herself. His father's second marriage was to Shireen Ritchie, Baroness Ritchie of Brompton, a former model and later Conservative politician and life peer.
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Henry Littlejohn
Sir Henry Duncan Littlejohn (1826, Edinburgh - 1914, Benreoch, near Arrochar, Argyll) was a Scottish surgeon, forensic scientist and public health pioneer. He served as Edinburgh's first Medical Officer of Health (1862-1908), introducing model sanitation improvements and the legal requirement to notify cases of infectious diseases. He co-founded the Royal Hospital for Sick Children in Edinburgh.
Long a lecturer for the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh at Surgeons' Hall, he was appointed to the Chair of Medical Jurisprudence at the University of Edinburgh in 1897.
Serving as Edinburgh's Police Surgeon and as Medical Advisor to the Crown in Scotland in criminal cases, he was often called upon to give evidence as an expert witness.
A kirk elder at the High Kirk of Edinburgh, Littlejohn filled several prominent posts in public life, including 9 years serving on the board of the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, president of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (1875-6), president of the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Edinburgh (1883-5), and president of the Royal Institute of Public Health (1893).
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Herbert Ross
Herbert David Ross (May 13, 1927 – October 9, 2001) was an American film director, producer, choreographer and actor.
Born Herbert David Ross in Brooklyn, New York, he made his stage debut as Third Witch with a touring company of Macbeth in 1942. His Broadway credits as a performer included Something for the Boys (1943), Laffing Room Only (1944), Beggar's Holiday (1946), and Look, Ma, I'm Dancin'! (1948). His career as a choreographer began with the American Ballet Theatre in 1950; the following year he choreographed his first Broadway production, the Arthur Schwartz-Dorothy Fields musical adaptation of A Tree Grows in Brooklyn.
His first film assignment was as uncredited choreographer on Carmen Jones in 1954. He choreographed the dance numbers for the Cliff Richard films The Young Ones (1961) and Summer Holiday (1963). In 1968, Ross worked with Barbra Streisand as choreographer and director of musical numbers for the film Funny Girl. The following year, he made his motion picture directorial debut with a musical version of the classic Goodbye, Mr. Chips, starring Peter O'Toole and Petula Clark. Other movies followed for Ross, including The Owl and the Pussycat, Funny Lady (both starred Barbra Streisand), Pennies From Heaven, T.R. Baskin, and the original Footloose.
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Hercule Poirot
Hercule Poirot (
/ɜrˈkjuːl pwɑrˈoʊ/; French pronunciation: [ɛʁkyl pwaʁo]) is a fictional Belgian detective, created by Agatha Christie. Along with Miss Marple, Poirot is one of Christie's most famous and long-lived characters, appearing in 33 novels and 51 short stories published between 1920 and 1975 and set in the same era.
Poirot has been portrayed on radio, on screen, for films and television, by various actors, including John Moffatt, Albert Finney, Sir Peter Ustinov, Sir Ian Holm, Tony Randall, Alfred Molina and David Suchet.
His name was derived from two other fictional detectives of the time: Marie Belloc Lowndes' Hercule Popeau and Frank Howel Evans' Monsieur Poirot, a retired Belgian police officer living in London. Hercule Poirot's initials replicate that of the sauce which he happens to like, HP Brown Sauce, as he comments in Elephants Can Remember: "Ah yes, that is correct my initials do appear to be the same as such a fine delicacy, a good English creation". A more obvious influence on the early Poirot stories is that of Arthur Conan Doyle. In An Autobiography Christie admits, "I was still writing in the Sherlock Holmes tradition – eccentric detective, stooge assistant, with a Lestrade-type Scotland Yard detective, Inspector Japp". For his part Conan Doyle acknowledged basing his detective stories on the model of Edgar Allan Poe's C. Auguste Dupin, and his anonymous narrator, and basing his character Sherlock Holmes on Joseph Bell, who in his use of "ratiocination" prefigured Poirot's reliance on his "little grey cells".
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Horace Vernet
Émile Jean-Horace Vernet (30 June 1789 – 17 January 1863) was a French painter of battles, portraits, and Orientalist Arab subjects.
Vernet was born to Carle Vernet, another famous painter, who was himself a son of Claude Joseph Vernet. He was born in the Paris Louvre, while his parents were staying there during the French Revolution. Vernet quickly developed a disdain for the high-minded seriousness of academic French art influenced by Classicism, and decided to paint subjects taken mostly from contemporary culture. Therefore, he began depicting the French soldier in a more familiar, vernacular manner rather than in an idealized, Davidian fashion. Some of his paintings that represent French soldiers in a more direct, less idealizing style, include Dog of the Regiment, Trumpeter's Horse, and Death of Poniatowski.
He gained recognition during the Bourbon Restoration for a series of battle paintings commissioned by the duc d'Orleans, the future King Louis-Philippe. Critics marvelled at the incredible speed with which he painted. Many of his paintings made during this early phase of his career were considered to combine anecdotal accuracy with a charged romantic landscape. Examples of paintings in this style include the Battle of Valmy, the Battle of Jemappes, and the Battle of Montmirail.
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Ian Hart
Ian Hart (born Ian Davies; 8 October 1964) is an English stage, television and film actor.
Hart, the grandson of Irish immigrants, was born in Liverpool, Lancashire, England. He is one of three siblings and was brought up in a Roman Catholic family. He attended the Cardinal Allen Grammar School (now the Cardinal Heenan Catholic High School) and was, in his teens, a member of the Everyman Youth Theatre before studying drama at the now-defunct Mabel Fletcher College of Music and Drama in Liverpool.
From 1988 to 1991, Hart studied video production at South Mersey College (now part of Liverpool Community College). He portrayed an International Brigade volunteer in the Spanish Civil War in Land and Freedom (1995), an unemployed Liverpool shipyard worker in Liam (2000), and the malevolent Professor Quirrell (and providing the voice and facial basis for the CGI generated face of Voldemort) in Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001). Hart has played John Lennon twice — in The Hours and Times (1991) and in Backbeat (1994) — and has also played Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.
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Ian Richardson
Ian William Richardson CBE (7 April 1934 – 9 February 2007) was a Scottish actor best known for his portrayal of the Machiavellian Tory politician Francis Urquhart in the BBC's House of Cards trilogy. He was also a leading Shakespearean stage actor.
Richardson was born in Edinburgh, the son of Margaret (née Drummond) and John Richardson. He was educated in the city, at Balgreen Primary School, Tynecastle High School and George Heriot's School. He first appeared on stage at the age of fourteen, in an amateur production of A Tale of Two Cities. The director encouraged his talent, but warned that he would need to lose his Scottish accent to progress as an actor. His mother arranged elocution lessons and he became a stage manager with the semi-professional Edinburgh People's Theatre. After National Service in the Army (part of which he spent as an announcer and drama director with the British Forces Broadcasting Service) he obtained a place at the College of Dramatic Arts in Glasgow. After a period at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre he appeared with the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), of which he was a founding member, from 1960 to 1975.
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Inga Swenson
Inga Swenson (born December 29, 1932; Omaha, Nebraska) is an American actress.
Inga Swenson was a graduate of Central High School in Omaha, Nebraska, Class of 1950. Swenson was a member of Alpha Phi sorority at Northwestern University where she studied in their famed Drama Department. Swenson is best known to American audiences for her portrayal of "Gretchen Kraus", the autocratic and acerbic German cook (later Head Housekeeper and Budget Director) on the TV sitcom Benson. She got the part by appearing in a multi-episode stint as "Ingrid Svenson", birth mother of Corinne Tate (Diana Canova), on the TV sitcom Soap. Both series were created by Susan Harris and produced by Witt-Thomas-Harris Productions (who later created The Golden Girls and Empty Nest). She also appeared as northern matriarch Maude Hazard in the acclaimed mini-series North and South in 1985 and again in 1986.
Earlier in her career, Swenson had a notable turn on the TV western series Bonanza in two episodes: "Inger, My Love" (1962) and "Journey Remembered" (1963). Swenson took a brief leave of absence from her starring role in 110 in the Shade on Broadway to appear in "Journey Remembered." The appearances were significant in that she played Lorne Greene's Ben Cartwright character's second wife, the mother of Hoss Cartwright, played by Dan Blocker, She was actually four years younger than Blocker. After Bonanza ended its 14-year run, Swenson guest starred in an episode of Lorne Greene's short-lived crime drama Griff.
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Inspector Lestrade
Inspector G. Lestrade or Mr. Lestrade is a fictional character, a Scotland Yard detective appearing in several of the Sherlock Holmes stories by Arthur Conan Doyle. Doyle used the name of a friend from his days at the University of Edinburgh, a Saint Lucian medical student by the name of Joseph Alexandre Lestrade. In "The Adventure of the Cardboard Box", Lestrade's first initial is revealed to be G. Lestrade is described as "a little sallow rat-faced, dark-eyed fellow" in A Study in Scarlet and "a lean, ferret-like man, furtive and sly-looking," in "The Boscombe Valley Mystery". He was summarised by H. Paul Jeffers in the following words:
"He is the most famous detective ever to walk the corridors of Scotland Yard, yet he existed only in the fertile imagination of a writer. He was Inspector Lestrade. We do not know his first name, only his initial: G. Although he appears thirteen times in the immortal adventures of Sherlock Holmes, nothing is known of the life outside the Yard of the detective whom Dr. Watson described unflatteringly as sallow, rat-faced, and dark-eyed and whom Holmes saw as quick and energetic but wholly conventional, lacking in imagination, and normally out of his depth—the best of a bad lot who had reached the top in the CID by bulldog tenacity."
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Irene Adler
Irene Adler is a fictional character featured in the Sherlock Holmes story "A Scandal in Bohemia" by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, published in July 1891. She is one of the most notable female characters in the Sherlock Holmes series, despite appearing in only one story, and is frequently used as a romantic interest for Holmes in derivative works.
According to "A Scandal in Bohemia," Adler was born in New Jersey in 1858. She followed a career in opera as a contralto, performing in La Scala, Milan, Italy, and a term as prima donna in the Imperial Opera of Warsaw, Poland, indicating that she was an extraordinary singer (in reality, there was no Imperial Opera in Warsaw). While in Warsaw she was described as "a well-known adventuress" (a term widely used at the time in ambiguous association with "courtesan"). It was there that she became the lover of Wilhelm Gottsreich Sigismond von Ormstein, Grand Duke of Cassel-Felstein and King of Bohemia, who was staying in Warsaw for a period. According to the king, she had "the face of the most beautiful of women and the mind of the most resolute of men". The king eventually returned to his court in Prague. Adler, then in her late twenties, retired and moved to London.
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J. F. Englert
J. F. Englert is an American fiction novel writer, non-fiction writer, and screen writer. He resides in Manhattan, New York. He is married to P. Englert, has a daughter named C. Englert, and a dog called R. Englert. Among his fiction novels include the Bull Moose Dog Run Mystery Series: A Dog About Town,A Dog Among Diplomats, and A Dog At Sea, which protagonize the dog narrator, Randolph, a Labrador retriever.
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Jack the Ripper
"Jack the Ripper" is the best-known name given to an unidentified serial killer who was active in the largely impoverished areas in and around the Whitechapel district of London in 1888. The name originated in a letter, written by someone claiming to be the murderer, that was disseminated in the media. The letter is widely believed to have been a hoax, and may have been written by a journalist in a deliberate attempt to heighten interest in the story. Other nicknames used for the killer at the time were "The Whitechapel Murderer" and "Leather Apron".
Attacks ascribed to the Ripper typically involved female prostitutes from the slums whose throats were cut prior to abdominal mutilations. The removal of internal organs from at least three of the victims led to proposals that their killer possessed anatomical or surgical knowledge. Rumours that the murders were connected intensified in September and October 1888, and letters from a writer or writers purporting to be the murderer were received by media outlets and Scotland Yard. The "From Hell" letter, received by George Lusk of the Whitechapel Vigilance Committee, included half of a preserved human kidney, supposedly from one of the victims. Mainly because of the extraordinarily brutal character of the murders, and because of media treatment of the events, the public came increasingly to believe in a single serial killer known as "Jack the Ripper".
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Jack Tracy
Jack Tracy (July 27, 1926, Minneapolis, Minnesota – December 21, 2010, Nooksack, Washington) was an American jazz producer and journalist.
Tracy enlisted in the Navy in World War II and served as a medic treating and caring for the returning wounded. When he graduated from the University of Minnesota, love for words and music led him to a job in Chicago at Down Beat magazine, where he was editor from 1953-58.
Tracy left the magazine to produce for recordings for the Mercury, Argo, Limelight, and Liberty record labels. In 1959, he worked for record label head Leonard Chess of Chess Records. In 1961, Quincy Jones convinced him to rejoin Mercury as an A&R man in Los Angeles. Artists he worked with included Dizzy Gillespie and Sarah Vaughan, Roland Kirk and Oscar Peterson, Woody Herman, Cannonball Adderley, John Coltrane, Del Close, Harry Nilsson, Mike Nichols and Elaine May, and Terry Gibbs. In 1963, he collaborated on an anecdotal memoir of jazz humor, Laughter from the Hip.
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James Boswell
James Boswell, 9th Laird of Auchinleck (29 October 1740 – 19 May 1795) was a lawyer, diarist, and author born in Edinburgh, Scotland; he is best known for the biography he wrote of one of his contemporaries, the English literary figure Samuel Johnson, which contemporary Johnsonian critic Harold Bloom has claimed is the greatest biography written in the English language.
Boswell's surname has passed into the English language as a term (Boswell, Boswellian, Boswellism) for a constant companion and observer, especially one who records those observations in print. In A Scandal in Bohemia, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's character Sherlock Holmes affectionately says of Dr. Watson, who narrates the tales, "I am lost without my Boswell."
Boswell was born near St Giles' Cathedral in Edinburgh on 29 October 1740. He was the eldest son of a judge, Alexander Boswell, Lord Auchinleck and his wife Euphemia Erskine; he inherited his father’s estate Auchinleck in Ayrshire. Boswell's mother was a strict Calvinist, and he felt that his father was cold to him. As a child, he was delicate and suffered from some type of nervous ailment which appeared to be inherent and would afflict him sporadically all through his life. At the age of five, he was sent to James Mundell's academy, an advanced institution by the standards of the time, where he was instructed in English, Latin, writing and arithmetic. Boswell was unhappy there, and his sickliness began to manifest itself in the physical indicants associated with night fears and extreme shyness.
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James Goldman
James Goldman (June 30, 1927 – October 28, 1998) was an American screenwriter and playwright, and the brother of screenwriter and novelist William Goldman.
He was born in Chicago, Illinois, and grew up primarily in Highland Park, Illinois, a Chicago suburb. He is most noted as the author of The Lion in Winter and author of the book for the Broadway musical Follies.
Goldman died from a heart attack in New York City, where he had lived for many years.
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James Mason
James Neville Mason (15 May 1909 - 27 July 1984) was an English actor who attained stardom in both British and American films. Mason remained a powerful figure in the industry throughout his career and was nominated for three Academy Awards as well as three Golden Globes (winning once).
Mason was born in Huddersfield, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, to John and Mabel Mason; his father was a wealthy merchant. He was educated at Marlborough College, and earned a first in architecture at Peterhouse, Cambridge where he became involved in stock theatre companies in his spare time. Mason had no formal training as an actor and initially embarked upon it for fun. After Cambridge he joined the Old Vic theatre in London under the guidance of Tyrone Guthrie and Alexander Korda. In 1933 Korda gave Mason a small role in The Private Life of Don Juan but fired him three days into shooting.
From 1935 to 1948 he starred in many British quota quickies. A conscientious objector during World War II (causing his family to break with him for many years), he became immensely popular for his brooding anti-heroes in the Gainsborough series of melodramas of the 1940s, including The Man in Grey (1943) and The Wicked Lady (1945). He also starred with Deborah Kerr and Robert Newton in Hatter's Castle (1942). He then took the lead role in the critically acclaimed and immensely popular The Seventh Veil (1945) that set box office records in postwar Britain and raised him to international stardom. He followed it with a role as a mortally wounded Irish bank robber in Odd Man Out (1947) and his first Hollywood film, Caught (1949). Exhibitors voted him the most popular star in Britain in 1944 and 1945.
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Joanne Woodward
Joanne Gignilliat Trimmier Woodward (born February 27, 1930) is an American actress, television and theatrical producer, and widow of Paul Newman. She is perhaps best known for her Academy Award winning role in The Three Faces of Eve (1957).
Woodward was born in Thomasville, Georgia, daughter of Elinor Gignilliat (née Trimmier) and Wade Woodward, Jr., who at one point was vice president of publisher Charles Scribner's Sons. Her middle name, "Gignilliat", originates from distant Huguenot ancestry. She was influenced to become an actress by her mother's love of movies. Her mother named her after Joan Crawford, using the Southern pronunciation of the name "Joanne". Attending the premiere of Gone with the Wind in Atlanta, nine-year-old Woodward rushed out into the parade of stars and sat on the lap of Laurence Olivier, star Vivien Leigh's partner and future husband. She eventually worked with Olivier in 1977, in a television production of Come Back, Little Sheba. During rehearsals, she mentioned this incident to him and he told her he remembered her doing it.
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John Doyle (artist)
John Doyle (born Dublin, 1797, died London, 2 January 1868), known by the pen name H. B., was a political cartoonist, caricaturist, painter and lithographer.
He was the eldest son of a Dublin silk mercer, and came from a Catholic family which in the 17th century had been granted extensive estates, possibly in County Offaly or County Laois, and their own coat of arms, but had suffered for their religion and since been dispossessed. In his youth he learned to paint landscapes under Gaspare Gabrielli, and miniature portraits at the Royal Dublin Society's drawing school under John Comerfield. He won a gold medal in 1805. He was commissioned to paint equestrian portraits of the Marquess of Sligo and Lord Talbot, the Irish viceroy, and in 1822 he produced six prints entitled The Life of a Racehorse. That year he moved to London with his wife, Marianna Conan. His painting Turning out the Stag brought him recognition when it was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1825.
Marianna died in 1832, giving birth to their seventh child. Doyle continued to exhibit miniatures until 1835, but by then he was experiencing greater success with his political cartoons, printed using the new reproductive medium of lithography, beginning in 1827. These were issued once a month during parliamentary sessions, and continued for twenty-two years. His caricatures were mostly faithful likenesses of their subjects, with little exaggeration, treated with sarcastic humour, often alluding to popular plays. They were signed with the letters H. B., constructed out of two Js and two Ds, Doyle's own initials. By 1840 he was prosperous enough to afford a fashionable house in Hyde Park, moving in the same circles as David Wilkie, Walter Scott, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Charles Dickens, William Makepeace Thackeray, Thomas Macaulay, Thomas Moore and Samuel Rogers – but H. B.'s true identity remained a closely guarded secret until he revealed it in 1843 in a seventeen-page letter to Sir Robert Peel.
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John Watkiss
John Watkiss is an artist who has worked in both comics and film. Born in England in 1961.
After growing up in the Midlands in England, John Watkiss graduated from The Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Brighton University with a bachelor of Fine Arts degree. He began his career in London as a portrait painter and illustrator and then also taught anatomy and fine art at the Royal College of Art, Ballet Stage and Fashion Design, the Museum of the Moving Image in London, and Steven Spielberg's Amblimation. His extensive career has led him from cover artist for graphic novels to storyboard artist and character designer. Watkiss has worked for Derek Jarman,Saatchi & Saatchi, Ridley Scott Associates, Francis Ford Coppola, DreamWorks, 20th Century Fox, and Disney. At Disney, Watkiss worked on the 1999 animated movie Tarzan. One of his paintings, The Boxer, sold at Christie's in 2001, and in 2002 he was commissioned to provide a mural for the Ford Museum. In comics Watkiss' work includes Sandman, Conan and Deadman.
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Joseph Bell
Joseph Bell, JP, DL, FRCS (2 December 1837 – 4 October 1911) was a famous Scottish lecturer at the medical school of the University of Edinburgh in the 19th century. He is perhaps best known as an inspiration for the literary character Sherlock Holmes. He was a great-grandson of Benjamin Bell, a forensic surgeon. In his instruction, Bell emphasized the importance of close observation in making a diagnosis. To illustrate this, he would often pick a stranger and, by observing him, deduce his occupation and recent activities. These skills caused him to be considered a pioneer in forensic science (forensic pathology in particular) at a time when science was not yet widely used in criminal investigations.
Arthur Conan Doyle met Bell in 1877, and served as his clerk at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary. Doyle later went on to write a series of popular stories featuring Sherlock Holmes, whom Doyle stated was loosely based on Bell and his observant ways. Bell was aware of this inspiration and took some pride in it. According to Irving Wallace (in an essay originally in his book The Fabulous Originals but later republished and updated in his collection The Sunday Gentleman) Bell was involved in several police investigations, mostly in Scotland, such as the Ardlamont Mystery of 1893, usually with forensic expert Professor Henry Littlejohn. Supposedly both were involved in the "Jack the Ripper" investigation and, though it was never disclosed, seven days after Bell submitted the name of his suspect, the killings stopped.[citation needed]
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Joshua Reynolds
Sir Joshua Reynolds RA FRS FRSA (16 July 1723 – 23 February 1792) was an influential 18th-century English painter, specialising in portraits and promoting the "Grand Style" in painting which depended on idealization of the imperfect. He was one of the founders and first President of the Royal Academy. King George III appreciated his merits and knighted him in 1769.
Reynolds was born in Plympton, Devon, on 16 July 1723. As one of ten (maybe eleven) children and the son of the village school-master, Reynolds was restricted to a formal education provided by his father. He exhibited a natural curiosity and, as a boy, came under the influence of Zachariah Mudge, whose Platonistic philosophy stayed with him all his life. Reynolds made extracts into his commonplace book from Theophrastus, Plutarch, Seneca, Marcus Antonius, Ovid, William Shakespeare, John Milton, Alexander Pope, John Dryden, Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, Aphra Behn and passages on art theory by Leonardo da Vinci, Charles Alphonse Du Fresnoy, and André Félibien. The work that came to have the most influential impact on Reynolds was Jonathan Richardson's An Essay on the Theory of Painting (1715). Reynolds' annotated copy was lost for nearly two hundred years when it appeared in a Cambridge bookshop, inscribed with the signature ‘J. Reynolds Pictor’.
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Jude Law
David Jude Heyworth Law (born 29 December 1972), known professionally as Jude Law, is an English actor, film producer and director.
He began acting with the National Youth Music Theatre in 1987, and had his first television role in 1989. After starring in films directed by Andrew Niccol, Clint Eastwood and David Cronenberg, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor in 1999 for his performance in Anthony Minghella's The Talented Mr. Ripley. In 2000 he won a Best Supporting Actor BAFTA Award for his work in the film. In 2003, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in another Minghella film, Cold Mountain.
In 2006, he was one of the top ten most bankable movie stars in Hollywood. In 2007, he received an Honorary César and he was named a Chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres by the French government. He was a member of the main competition jury at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival.
Law was born in Lewisham, South London, the second child of comprehensive school teachers Margaret Anne (née Heyworth) and Peter Robert Law; his father later became, according to Law, "the youngest headmaster in London". He has a sister, Natasha. Law was named after a "bit of both" the book Jude the Obscure and the song Hey Jude. He grew up in Blackheath, an area in the Borough of Lewisham, and was educated at John Ball Primary School in Blackheath and Kidbrooke School, before attending the Alleyn's School.
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Lassus
Orlande de Lassus (also Orlandus Lassus, Orlando di Lasso, Roland de Lassus, or Roland Delattre) (1532 (possibly 1530) – 14 June 1594) was a Franco-Flemish composer of the late Renaissance. He is today considered to be the chief representative of the mature polyphonic style of the Franco-Flemish school, and one of the three most famous and influential musicians in Europe at the end of the 16th century (the other two being Palestrina and Victoria).
Lassus was born in Mons in the County of Hainaut (modern day Belgium). Information about his early years is scanty, although some uncorroborated stories have survived, the most famous of which is that he was kidnapped three times because of the singular beauty of his singing voice. At the age of twelve, he left the Low Countries with Ferrante Gonzaga and went to Mantua, Sicily, and later Milan (from 1547 to 1549). While in Milan, he made the acquaintance of the madrigalist Spirito l'Hoste da Reggio, a formative influence on his early musical style.
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Lord Peter Wimsey
Lord Peter Death Bredon Wimsey is a fictional character in a series of detective novels and short stories by Dorothy L. Sayers, in which he solves mysteries; usually, but not always, murders. A bon vivant who solves mysteries for his own amusement, Wimsey is an archetype for the British gentleman detective.
Born in 1890 and aging in real time, Wimsey is described as being at best average height, with straw-coloured hair, a beaked nose, and a vaguely foolish face. Reputedly his looks were patterned after those of academic Roy Ridley. He also possessed considerable intelligence and athletic ability, evidenced by his playing cricket for Oxford University while earning a First. He created a spectacularly successful publicity campaign for Whifflet cigarettes while working for Pym's Publicity Ltd and at aged 40 was able to turn three cartwheels in the office corridor, stopping just short of the boss's open office door (Murder Must Advertise).
Among Lord Peter's hobbies, apart from criminology, is collecting incunabula. He is an expert on matters of food (especially wine) and male fashion, and on classical music. He excels at the piano, including Bach's works for keyboard instruments. One of Lord Peter's cars is a 12-cylinder ("double-six") 1927 Daimler four-seater, which (like all his cars) he calls "Mrs. Merdle" after a character in Little Dorrit (by Charles Dickens) who "hated fuss".
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Margaret Colin
Margaret Colin (born May 26, 1958) is an American actress. She is known for her role as Margo Montgomery Hughes # 1 on As the World Turns and for her role as Eleanor Waldorf-Rose on Gossip Girl.
Margaret Colin was born in Brooklyn, New York and raised on Long Island. She is of Irish descent and was raised in a Roman Catholic family.
After graduating from Hofstra University, Colin began her acting career in the soap opera The Edge of Night, playing an heiress and former terrorist. In seven months on that show, her character survived seven murder attempts and ended up marrying her stepbrother. She followed that role with a longer stint on As the World Turns, originating the role of Margo Montgomery, a character that is still part of that show almost 30 years later.
She has appeared on a number of prime time television shows, starting with Foley Square, Leg Work, and several early episodes of Chicago Hope. She played Lisa Wiseman on the 1999 series Now and Again, with Eric Close and Dennis Haysbert. More recently, she has appeared on the Law & Order spinoffs.
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Mark Gatiss
Mark Gatiss ( /ˈɡeɪ.tɪs/ GAY-tis; born 17 October 1966) is an English actor, screenwriter and novelist. He is best known as a member of the comedy team The League of Gentlemen alongside Reece Shearsmith, Steve Pemberton and co-writer Jeremy Dyson, and has both written for and acted in the TV series Doctor Who and Sherlock.
Gatiss was born in Sedgefield, England, where he grew up opposite the Edwardian psychiatric hospital where both his parents worked. His childhood passions included watching Doctor Who and Hammer Horror films on television, reading Sherlock Holmes and H. G. Wells, and collecting fossils. All of these interests have fuelled his creative work as an adult.
He attended Heighington CE Primary School and Woodham Comprehensive School in Newton Aycliffe; at the latter, he was two years ahead of Paul Magrs, who would also go on to write Doctor Who fiction.
He is openly gay and was featured on The Independent on Sunday's Pink List of influential gay people in the UK in 2010 and 2011. He is in a civil partnership with actor Ian Hallard, and has a Labrador Retriever called Bunsen. He once built a Victorian laboratory in their West London home, as the fulfilment of another childhood dream.
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Martin Freeman
Martin John C. Freeman (born 8 September 1971) is an English actor. He is known for his roles as Tim Canterbury in the BBC's Golden Globe-winning comedy The Office, John in Love Actually, Arthur Dent in the film adaptation of Douglas Adams' The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, Dr. Watson in Sherlock and Paul Maddens in Nativity!. He has been cast in the lead role of Bilbo Baggins in Peter Jackson's two-part adaptation of The Hobbit.
Martin Freeman was born in Aldershot, Hampshire, the youngest of five children. His father, Geoffrey, a naval officer, and his mother, Philomena separated when Freeman was a child, and when Freeman was ten, Geoffrey died of a heart attack. Freeman was raised Roman Catholic. As a child, Freeman was asthmatic, and had to undergo a hip operation due to a "dodgy" leg. He was schooled at a Catholic comprehensive before attending London's Central School of Speech and Drama.
In an edition of Who Do You Think You Are? aired on 19 August 2009, he discovered that his grandfather, Leonard Freeman, was a member of the Royal Army Medical Corps during World War II. Private L W Freeman, a Territorial Army volunteer in the 150(N) Field Ambulance Regiment, was killed in Northern France on 24 May 1940 in a Stuka dawn attack. His unit was evacuated from Dunkirk two days later.
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Michael Caine
Sir Michael Caine, CBE (born Maurice Joseph Micklewhite; 14 March 1933) is an English actor.
Caine is one of two actors nominated for an Academy Award for acting in every decade from the 1960s to 2000s, the other one being Jack Nicholson. In 2000, Caine was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in recognition of his contribution to cinema.
Caine was born in St Olave's Hospital, Rotherhithe, Southwark in South East London, the son of Ellen Frances Marie (née Burchell; 1900-1989), a cook and charwoman, and Maurice Joseph Micklewhite, a fish market porter. His father was of English, Irish, and, reportedly, Irish Traveller ancestry. Caine was brought up in his mother's Protestant religion (his father was Catholic).
Caine grew up in Southwark, South London, and during the Second World War he was evacuated to North Runcton near King's Lynn in Norfolk. After the war, when his father was demobilised, the family was rehoused by the council in Marshall Gardens at the Elephant and Castle in a pre-fabricated house made in Canada, as much of London's housing stock had been damaged during the Blitz in 1940-41.
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Michael Chabon
Michael Chabon ( /ˈʃeɪbɒn/ SHAY-bon; born May 24, 1963) is an American author and "one of the most celebrated writers of his generation," according to The Virginia Quarterly Review.
Chabon's first novel, The Mysteries of Pittsburgh (1988), was published when he was 25 and catapulted him to literary celebrity. He followed it with a second novel, Wonder Boys (1995), and two short-story collections. In 2000, Chabon published The Amazing Adventures of Kavalier & Clay, a critically acclaimed novel that John Leonard, in a 2007 review of a later novel, called Chabon's magnum opus. It received the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 2001 (see: 2001 in literature).
His novel The Yiddish Policemen's Union, an alternate history mystery novel, was published in 2007 to enthusiastic reviews and won the Hugo, Sidewise, Nebula and Ignotus awards; his serialized novel Gentlemen of the Road appeared in book form in the fall of that same year.
His work is characterized by complex language, the frequent use of metaphor along with recurring themes, including nostalgia, divorce, abandonment, fatherhood, and most notably issues of Jewish identity. He often includes gay, bisexual, and Jewish characters in his work. Since the late 1990s, Chabon has written in an increasingly diverse series of styles for varied outlets; he is a notable defender of the merits of genre fiction and plot-driven fiction, and, along with novels, he has published screenplays, children's books, comics, and newspaper serials.
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Michael Pennington
Michael Vivian Fyfe Pennington (born 7 June 1943) is a British director and actor who, together with director Michael Bogdanov, founded the English Shakespeare Company. Although primarily a stage actor, he is best known to wider audiences for his role as Moff Jerjerrod, commanding officer of the Death Star in the film Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi.
Pennington was born in Cambridge, England, the son of Euphemia Willock (née Fyfe) and Vivian Maynard Cecil Pennington. Most of his career has been on stage in works such as Hamlet (RSC), Oedipus the King, The Entertainer, and Gross Indecency: The Three Trials of Oscar Wilde. In 1986, Pennington and director Michael Bogdanov together founded the English Shakespeare Company. As joint artistic director, he starred in the company's inaugural productions of The Henrys and, in 1987, the seven-play history cycle of The Wars of the Roses, which toured worldwide. He has directed plays including Twelfth Night at the Chicago Shakespeare Theater in the United States. A notable TV appearance was on the television movie The Return of Sherlock Holmes in the late 1987. He appeared in the 2005 film Fragile, co-starring Calista Flockhart. He is the author of the book Are You There, Crocodile? which combines biographical material about the Russian playwright Anton Chekhov with a narration of Pennington's efforts to write a one-man play about Chekhov; the book also includes the full text of the play that resulted.
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Nicholas Meyer
Nicholas Meyer (born December 24, 1945 in New York City, New York) is an American screenwriter, producer, author, and director, most known for his best-selling novel The Seven-Per-Cent Solution, and for directing the films Time After Time, two of the Star Trek feature film series, and the 1983 television movie The Day After.
For adapting a screenplay from his own novel for The Seven-Per-Cent Solution (1976), Meyer was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. He has also been nominated for a Satellite Award, three Emmy Awards, and has won three Saturn Awards.
Meyer graduated from the University of Iowa with a degree in theater and filmmaking.
Meyer first gained public attention for his best selling 1974 Sherlock Holmes novel The Seven-Per-Cent Solution, a story of Holmes confronting his cocaine addiction with the help of Sigmund Freud. Meyer followed this with two additional Holmes novels: The West End Horror (1976), and then The Canary Trainer (1993).
The Seven-Per-Cent Solution was later made into a 1976 film of the same name, for which Meyer wrote the screenplay. The film was directed by Herbert Ross and starred Nicol Williamson, Robert Duvall, Alan Arkin, and Laurence Olivier. For his work adapting the novel, Meyer was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay at the 49th Academy Awards.
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Nicol Williamson
Nicol Williamson (14 September 1936 – 16 December 2011) was a Scottish-born actor once described by English playwright John Osborne as "the greatest actor since Marlon Brando". He was also described by playwright Samuel Beckett as "Touched by genius" and viewed by many critics as "The Hamlet of his generation" during the late 1960's. He is best remembered on screen for his portrayal of the wizard Merlin in John Boorman's 1981 Arthurian epic, Excalibur. Many sources give an incorrect date of birth, stating that Nicol Williamson was born in 1938 rather than 1936.
Williamson was born in Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, the son of a factory owner. His family later moved south to England and Williamson was educated at the Central Grammar School for Boys, Birmingham. He left school at 16 to begin work in his father's factory and later attended the Birmingham School of Speech & Drama. He recalled his time there as "a disaster" and claimed "it was nothing more than a finishing school for the daughters of local businessmen".[citation needed]
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Nigel Bruce
William Nigel Ernle Bruce (4 February 1895 – 8 October 1953), best known as Nigel Bruce, was a British character actor on stage and screen. He was best known for his portrayal of Dr. Watson in a series of films and in the radio series The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (starring Basil Rathbone as Sherlock Holmes). Bruce is also remembered for his roles in the Alfred Hitchcock films Rebecca and Suspicion.
Bruce was the second son of Sir William Waller Bruce, 10th Baronet (1856–1912) and his wife Angelica (died 1917), daughter of General George Selby, Royal Artillery. Bruce was born in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico while his parents were on holiday there. He was educated at the Grange, Stevenage and at Abingdon School, Oxfordshire. He served in France from 1914 as a lieutenant in the 10th Service Battalion - Somerset Light Infantry and the Honourable Artillery Company, but was severely wounded at Cambrai the following year, with eleven bullets in his left leg, and spent most of the remainder of the war in a wheelchair.
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Nils Nordberg
Nils Nordberg (born 26 March 1942 in Verdal) is a Norwegian crime writer, anthology editor and audio play director. He has worked for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation since 1969, and for Radioteatret since 1973. He is regarded among Norway's leading experts on crime fiction.
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Pablo de Sarasate
Pablo Martín Melitón de Sarasate y Navascués (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpaβlo saɾaˈsate]; 10 March 1844 – 20 September 1908) was a Spanish violinist and composer of the Romantic period.
Pablo Sarasate was born in Pamplona, Navarre, the son of an artillery bandmaster. He began studying the violin with his father at the age of five and later took lessons from a local teacher but his musical talent became evident early on and he appeared in his first public concert in La Coruña at the age of eight. His performance was well-received, and caught the attention of a wealthy patron who provided the funding for Sarasate to study under Manuel Rodríguez Saez in Madrid where he gained the favor of Queen Isabel II. Later, as his abilities developed, he was sent to study under Jean-Delphin Alard at the Paris Conservatoire at the age of twelve. There, at seventeen, Sarasate entered a competition for the Premier Prix and won his first prize, the Conservatoire's highest honour.
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Peter Haining
Peter Alexander Haining (2 April 1940 – 19 November 2007) was a British journalist, author and anthologist who lived and worked in Suffolk. Born in Enfield, Middlesex, he began his career as a reporter in Essex and then moved to London where he worked on a trade magazine before joining the publishing house of New English Library.
Haining achieved the position of Editorial Director before becoming a full time writer in the early Seventies. He edited a large number of anthologies, predominantly of horror and fantasy short stories, wrote non-fiction books on a variety of topics from the Channel Tunnel to Sweeney Todd and also used the pen names "Ric Alexander" and "Richard Peyton" on a number of crime story anthologies. In the Seventies he wrote three novels, including The Hero (1973), which was optioned for filming.
In two controversial books, Haining argued that Sweeney Todd was a real historical figure who committed his crimes around 1800, was tried in December 1801, and was hanged in January 1802. However, other researchers who have tried to verify his citations find nothing in these sources to back Haining's claims. A check of the website Old Bailey at for "Associated Records 1674-1834" for an alleged trial in December 1801 and hanging of Sweeney Todd for January 1802 show no reference; in fact the only murder trial for this period is that of a Governor/Lt Col. Joseph Wall who was hanged 28 January 1802 for killing a Benjamin Armstrong 10 July 1782 in "Goree" Africa and the discharge of a Humphrey White in January 1802. Strong reservations have also been expressed regarding the reliability of another of Haining's influential non-fiction works, The Legend and Bizarre Crimes of Spring Heeled Jack.
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Peter O'Toole
Peter Seamus Lorcan O'Toole (born 2 August 1932) is an Irish actor of stage and screen. O'Toole achieved stardom in 1962 playing T. E. Lawrence in Lawrence of Arabia, and then went on to become a highly-honoured film and stage actor. He has been nominated for eight Academy Awards, and holds the record for most competitive Academy Award acting nominations without a win. He has won four Golden Globes, a BAFTA, and an Emmy, and was the recipient of an Honorary Academy Award in 2003 for his body of work.
Peter Seamus Lorcan O'Toole was born in 1932. Some sources give his birthplace as Connemara, County Galway, Ireland, and others as Leeds, in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, where he grew up. O'Toole himself is not certain of his birthplace or date, noting in his autobiography that, while he accepts 2 August as his birthdate, he has a birth certificate from each country, with the Irish one giving a June 1932 birthdate. O'Toole is the son of Constance Jane (née Ferguson), a Scottishnurse, and Patrick Joseph O'Toole, an Irish metal plater, football player and racecourse bookmaker. When O'Toole was one year old, his family began a five-year tour of major racecourse towns in Northern England. He was brought up Roman Catholic. O'Toole was evacuated from Leeds early in World War II and went to a Catholic school for seven or eight years, where he was "implored" to become right-handed. “I used to be scared stiff of the nuns: their whole denial of womanhood – the black dresses and the shaving of the hair – was so horrible, so terrifying,” he later commented. “Of course, that's all been stopped. They're sipping gin and tonic in the Dublin pubs now, and a couple of them flashed their pretty ankles at me just the other day.”
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Peter Sallis
Peter Sallis, OBE (born 1 February 1921) is an English actor and entertainer, well known for his work on British television. Although he was born and brought up in London, his two most notable roles require him to adopt the accents and mannerisms of a Northerner.
Sallis is best known for his role as the main character Norman Clegg in the long-running British TV comedy Last of the Summer Wine, set in a Yorkshire town. He was the longest serving cast member, appearing in all 295 episodes, and by the end of the show's run was the only one surviving from the programme's first episode in 1973. He also appeared in all 13 of the episodes of the prequel series First of the Summer Wine as Norman Clegg's father. He is also famous for providing the voice of Wallace in the Wallace and Gromit films, again using a northern accent.
Sallis was born on 1 February 1921 in Twickenham, Middlesex, England, the only child of Dorothy Amea (née Barnard) and Harry Sallis. After attending Minchenden Grammar School in North London, Sallis went to work in a bank. After the outbreak of World War II he joined the RAF. He failed to get into aircrew because he had a serum albumin disorder and he was told he might black out at high altitudes. He became a wireless mechanic instead and went on to teach radio procedures at RAF Cranwell.
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Peter Sellers
Richard Henry Sellers, CBE (8 September 1925 – 24 July 1980), known as Peter Sellers, was a British comedian and actor. Perhaps best known as Chief Inspector Clouseau in The Pink Panther film series, he is also notable for playing three different characters in Dr. Strangelove, as Clare Quilty in Lolita, and as the TV-addicted man-child Chance the gardener in his penultimate film, Being There. Actress Bette Davis once remarked of him, "He isn't an actor—he's a chameleon."
Sellers rose to fame on the BBC Radio comedy series The Goon Show. His ability to speak in different accents (e.g., French, Indian, Italian, American, German, as well as British regional accents), along with his talent to portray a range of characters to comic effect, contributed to his success as a radio personality and screen actor and earned him national and international nominations and awards. Many of his characters became ingrained in public perception of his work. Sellers' private life was characterised by turmoil and crises, and included emotional problems and substance abuse. Sellers was married four times, and had three children from the first two marriages.
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Professor Moriarty
Professor James Moriarty is the archenemy of Sherlock Holmes, a fictional detective created by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Moriarty is a criminal mastermind whom Holmes describes as the "Napoleon of crime." Doyle lifted the phrase from a real Scotland Yard inspector who was referring to Adam Worth, one of the real life models of Moriarty. The character of Moriarty as Holmes's greatest enemy was introduced primarily as a narrative device to enable Conan Doyle to kill off Sherlock Holmes, and only featured directly in two of the Sherlock Holmes stories. However, in more recent derivative work he is often given a greater prominence and treated as Holmes's primary antagonist.
Professor Moriarty's first appearance and his ultimate end occurred in Doyle's story "The Final Problem," in which Holmes, on the verge of delivering a fatal blow to Moriarty's criminal ring, is forced to flee to continental Europe to escape Moriarty's retribution. The criminal mastermind follows, and the pursuit ends on top of the Reichenbach Falls, during which, both Holmes and Moriarty apparently fall to their deaths while locked in mortal combat. During this story, Moriarty is something of a Mafia Godfather: he protects nearly all of the criminals of England in exchange for their obedience and a share in their profits. Holmes, by his own account, was originally led to Moriarty by the suggestion that many of the crimes he perceived were not the spontaneous work of random criminals, but the machinations of a vast and subtle criminal ring.
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Queen Victoria
Queen Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India.
Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn, the fourth son of King George III. Both the Duke of Kent and the King died in 1820, and Victoria was raised under close supervision by her German-born mother Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. She inherited the throne at the age of 18, after her father's three elder brothers had all died without surviving legitimate issue. The United Kingdom was already an established constitutional monarchy, in which the Sovereign held relatively few direct political powers. Privately, she attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments. Publicly, she became a national icon, and was identified with strict standards of personal morality.
She married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, in 1840. Their nine children and 26 of their 34 grandchildren who survived childhood married into royal and noble families across the continent, tying them together and earning her the nickname "the grandmother of Europe". After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances. As a result of her seclusion, republicanism temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign, her popularity recovered. Her Golden and Diamond Jubilees were times of public celebration.
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Richard Wagner
Wilhelm Richard Wagner ( /ˈvɑːɡnər/; German pronunciation: [ˈʁiçaʁt ˈvaːɡnɐ]; 22 May 1813 – 13 February 1883) was a German composer, conductor, theatre director and polemicist primarily known for his operas (or "music dramas", as he later called them). Wagner's compositions, particularly those of his later period, are notable for their complex texture, rich harmonies and orchestration, and the elaborate use of leitmotifs: musical themes associated with individual characters, places, ideas or plot elements. Unlike most other opera composers, Wagner wrote both the music and libretto for every one of his stage works. Perhaps the two best-known extracts from his works are the Ride of the Valkyries from the opera Die Walküre, and the Wedding March (Bridal Chorus) from the opera Lohengrin.
Initially establishing his reputation as a composer of works such as The Flying Dutchman and Tannhäuser which were broadly in the romantic vein of Weber and Meyerbeer, Wagner transformed operatic thought through his concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk ("total work of art"). This would achieve the synthesis of all the poetic, visual, musical and dramatic arts and was announced in a series of essays between 1849 and 1852. Wagner realized this concept most fully in the first half of the monumental four-opera cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen. However, his thoughts on the relative importance of music and drama were to change again, and he reintroduced some traditional operatic forms into his last few stage works, including Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg.
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Robert Stephens
Sir Robert Stephens (14 July 1931 – 12 November 1995) was a leading English actor in the early years of England's Royal National Theatre.
Stephens was born in Shirehampton, Bristol, England, and rose to become one of the most respected actors of his generation. By the 1960s he was regarded as the natural successor to Laurence Olivier.
In 1949, Stephens won a scholarship to Esme Church's Bradford Civic Theatre School, Yorkshire, (where he met his first wife Nora, a fellow student). His first professional engagement was with the Caryl Jenner Mobile Theatre, which he followed in 1951 by a year of more challenging parts in repertory at the Royalty Theatre, Morecambe, followed by seasons of touring and at the Hippodrome, Preston. The London director Tony Richardson saw a performance at the Royalty and this led to an offer of a place in the "momentous" first season of English Stage Company at the Royal Court in 1956. His success was assured.
His other films in this period included a minor role as Prince Escalus in Franco Zeffirelli's Romeo and Juliet (1968), as well as a starring role in Billy Wilder's The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes (1970) and the science fiction film, The Asphyx (1973). Stephens and his third wife, actress Maggie Smith, appeared together on stage and in film, notably in the film version of The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie in 1969. However, following his departure from the National Theatre in 1970 and the breakup of their marriage in 1973 he suffered a career slump, not helped by heavy drinking.
wn.com/Robert_Stephens -
Ronald Knox
Ronald Arbuthnott Knox (17 February 1888 – 24 August 1957) was an English priest, theologian and writer, including crime novels and regular broadcasts for BBC Radio. Knox had attended Eton College, and he won several scholarships at Balliol College, Oxford. Knox was ordained as an Anglican priest in 1912 and was appointed chaplain of Trinity College, Oxford, but he left in 1917 to convert to Catholicism. In 1918 he was ordained as a Roman Catholic priest. Ronald Knox wrote many books of essays and novels. Directed by the Catholic clergy, he re-translated the Latin Vulgate Bible into English, using Hebrew and Greek sources, beginning in 1936.
Ronald Knox was born in Kibworth, Leicestershire, England into an Anglican family. His father was Edmund Arbuthnott Knox, who became the Bishop of Manchester. The young Knox was educated at Eton College, where he took the first scholarship in 1900 and Balliol College, Oxford, where again he won the first classics scholarship in 1905. Knox, a brilliant classicist, won the Craven, the Hertford and the Ireland scholarships in classics, as well as the Gaisford Prize for Greek Verse Composition in 1908 and the Chancellor's Prize for Latin Verse Composition in 1910. In 1910, he became a fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. As he was not to begin tutorials until 1911, he took the job of classics tutor to Harold MacMillan in the sabbatical, although he was later fired by Nellie MacMillan for being a high-church Anglican. He was ordained as an Anglican priest in 1912 and was appointed chaplain of Trinity College, but he left in 1917 when he became a Roman Catholic. He explained his spiritual journey in two privately printed books, Apologia (1917) and A Spiritual Aeneid (1918). In 1918 he was ordained a Roman Catholic priest; in 1919 he joined the staff of St Edmund's College, Ware, Hertfordshire, remaining there until 1926.
wn.com/Ronald_Knox -
Shakespeare
William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564; died 23 April 1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon". His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.
Shakespeare was born and brought up in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. He appears to have retired to Stratford around 1613 at age 49, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, and there has been considerable speculation about such matters as his physical appearance, sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others.
wn.com/Shakespeare -
Sherlock Holmes
Sherlock Holmes ( /ˈʃɜrlɒk ˈhoʊmz/) is a fictional detective created by Scottish author and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The fantastic London-based "consulting detective", Holmes is famous for his astute logical reasoning, his ability to adopt almost any disguise, and his use of forensic science skills to solve difficult cases.
Holmes, who first appeared in publication in 1887, was featured in four novels and 56 short stories. The first novel, A Study in Scarlet, appeared in Beeton's Christmas Annual in 1887 and the second, The Sign of the Four, in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine in 1890. The character grew tremendously in popularity with the first series of short stories in Strand Magazine, beginning with A Scandal in Bohemia in 1891; further series of short stories and two novels published in serial form appeared between then and 1927. The stories cover a period from around 1880 up to 1914.
All but four stories are narrated by Holmes's friend and biographer, Dr. John H. Watson; two are narrated by Holmes himself ("The Blanched Soldier" and "The Lion's Mane") and two others are written in the third person ("The Mazarin Stone" and "His Last Bow"). In two stories ("The Musgrave Ritual" and "The Gloria Scott"), Holmes tells Watson the main story from his memories, while Watson becomes the narrator of the frame story. The first and fourth novels, A Study in Scarlet and The Valley of Fear, each include a long interval of omniscient narration recounting events unknown to either Holmes or Watson.
wn.com/Sherlock_Holmes -
Sidney Paget
Sidney Edward Paget (4 October 1860 – 28 January 1908) was a British illustrator of the Victorian era, best known for his illustrations that accompanied Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories in The Strand magazine.
Sidney Paget was the fifth of nine children born to Robert Paget, the vestry clerk of St. James and St. John in Clerkenwell and Martha Paget (née Clarke), a music professor. In 1881 Paget entered the Royal Academy Schools. Here he befriended Alfred Morris Butler, an architecture student who may have become the model for Paget's illustrations of Dr. John Watson. Between 1879 and 1905, Paget contributed eighteen miscellaneous paintings, including nine portraits, to the Royal Academy exhibitions.
Paget's drawings appeared in the Strand Magazine, the Pictorial World, The Sphere, The Graphic, the Illustrated London News, and the Pall Mall Magazine, and his work became well known in both the United Kingdom and United States. He provided illustrations for Arthur Morrison's Martin Hewitt detective stories, and Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes work, doing much to popularise both series.
wn.com/Sidney_Paget -
Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud (German pronunciation: [ˈziːkmʊnt ˈfʁɔʏt]), born Sigismund Schlomo Freud (6 May 1856 – 23 September 1939), was an Austrian neurologist who founded the discipline of psychoanalysis. Freud's family and ancestry were Jewish. Freud always considered himself a Jew even though he rejected Judaism and had a critical view of religion. Freud's parents were poor, but ensured his education. Freud was an outstanding pupil in high school, and graduated the Matura with honors in 1873. Interested in philosophy as a student, Freud later turned away from it and became a neurological researcher into cerebral palsy, Aphasia and microscopic neuroanatomy.
Freud went on to develop theories about the unconscious mind and the mechanism of repression, and established the field of verbal psychotherapy by creating psychoanalysis, a clinical method for treating psychopathology through dialogue between a patient (or "analysand") and a psychoanalyst. Though psychoanalysis has declined as a therapeutic practice, it has helped inspire the development of many other forms of psychotherapy, some diverging from Freud's original ideas and approach. Freud postulated the existence of libido (an energy with which mental process and structures are invested), developed therapeutic techniques such as the use of free association (in which patients report their thoughts without reservation and make no attempt to concentrate while doing so), discovered the transference (the process by which patients displace on to their analysts feelings based on their experience of earlier figures in their lives) and established its central role in the analytic process, and proposed that dreams help to preserve sleep by representing as fulfilled wishes that would otherwise awake the dreamer. He was also a prolific essayist, drawing on psychoanalysis to contribute to the interpretation and critique of culture.
wn.com/Sigmund_Freud -
Steven Moffat
Steven Moffat (/ˌstiːvən ˈmɒfət/, born 18 November 1961) is a Scottish television writer and producer.
Moffat's first television work was the teen drama series Press Gang. His first sitcom, Joking Apart, was inspired by the breakdown of his first marriage; conversely, his later sitcom Coupling was based upon the development of his relationship with television producer Sue Vertue. In between the two relationship-centred shows, he wrote Chalk, a sitcom set in a comprehensive school inspired by his own experience as an English teacher.
A lifelong fan of Doctor Who, Moffat has written several episodes of the revived version and succeeded Russell T Davies as lead writer and executive producer when production of its fifth series began in 2009. He co-wrote The Adventures of Tintin for director Steven Spielberg, a project he left for his new senior role on Doctor Who. He co-created Sherlock, an adaptation of the Sherlock Holmes detective stories.
Many of the programmes upon which he has worked have won awards, including BAFTAs and Hugo Awards for some of his episodes of Doctor Who.
wn.com/Steven_Moffat -
Thomas Sebeok
Thomas Albert Sebeok (born Sebők in Budapest, Hungary, on November 9, 1920; died December 21, 2001 in Bloomington, Indiana) was a polymathic[citation needed]American semiotician and linguist.
Sebeok, a professor emeritus at Indiana University, expanded the purview of semiotics to include non-human signaling and communication systems, coining the term "zoosemiotics" and raising some of the issues addressed by the philosophy of mind. He was also among the founders of biosemiotics. As a linguist, he published several articles and books analyzing aspects of the Mari language (referring to it by the name "Cheremis"). His transdisciplinary work and professional collaborations spanned the fields of anthropology, biology, folklore studies, linguistics, psychology, and semiotics. He was especially renowned for his ability to bring together specialists from neighboring fields in order to generate path-breaking perspectives on, for example, the study of myth, psycholinguistics, stylistics, animal communication and biosemiotics.
wn.com/Thomas_Sebeok -
Tony Lee
Tony Lee (born 30 June 1970) is a British comics writer, screenwriter, audio playwright and novelist.
Lee was born in Hayes, Middlesex in England. He now lives in Wanstead, London.[citation needed]
A #1 New York Times Best-selling Writer, Lee has written for various UK and US comic publishers including 2000ad, IDW Publishing, DC Comics, Marvel Comics, Del Rey and Walker Books, and he has worked on such series as X-Men Unlimited,Doctor Who, Starship Troopers and Spider-Man.
His published creator-owned work includes The Gloom, Hope Falls, Outlaw: The Legend Of Robin Hood, Excalibur: The Legend Of King Arthur,From The Pages Of Bram Stoker's 'Dracula': Harker and Midnight Kiss, featuring Michael Moorcock's Jerry Cornelius and the magical land of Oz. He is also the adaptor for several Anthony Horowitz stories for both Walker Books and Hachette Children's Books, including the Gatekeepers series.
Reviews for The Gloom #1 included "Buy this comic - sell a kidney if you have to." Michael Moorcock himself said of Midnight Kiss - "One of the richest, most original, engaging and fast-moving graphic stories of the new century. Matt Sable and Nightmare are the greatest team of Ghoul-Busters ever to hit the printed page." The Gloom is now weekly on MTV Comics.
wn.com/Tony_Lee -
Umberto Eco
Umberto Eco Knight Grand Cross (born 5 January 1932) is an Italian semiotician, essayist, philosopher, literary critic, and novelist. He is best known for his groundbreaking 1980 novel Il nome della rosa (The Name of the Rose), an intellectual mystery combining semiotics in fiction, biblical analysis, medieval studies and literary theory. He has since written further novels, including Il pendolo di Foucault (Foucault's Pendulum) and L'isola del giorno prima (The Island of the Day Before). His most recent novel Il cimitero di Praga (The Prague Cemetery), released in 2010, was a best-seller.
Eco has also written academic texts, children's books and many essays. He is founder of the Dipartimento di Comunicazione at the University of San Marino, President of the Scuola Superiore di Studi Umanistici, University of Bologna, member of the Accademia dei Lincei (since November 2010) and an Honorary Fellow of Kellogg College, University of Oxford.
Eco was born in the city of Alessandria in the region of Piedmont in northern Italy. His father, Giulio, was an accountant before the government called upon him to serve in three wars. During World War II, Umberto and his mother, Giovanna, moved to a small village in the Piedmontese mountainside. Eco received a Salesian education, and he has made references to the order and its founder in his works and interviews. His family name is supposedly an acronym of ex caelis oblatus (Latin: a gift from the heavens), which was given to his grandfather (a foundling) by a city official.
wn.com/Umberto_Eco -
Vasily Livanov
Vasily (also 'Vassily') Borisovich Livanov MBE, FMF, PAR (Russian: Васи́лий Бори́сович Лива́нов; born 19 July 1935) is a Soviet and Russian film actor, and screenwriter.
His father Boris Livanov was a prominent actor of the Moscow Art Theatre. Vasily was brought up in the artistic milieu, as many Soviet/Russian actors (such as Olga Knipper and Alla Tarasova) worked with his father and frequented the Livanov house.
Livanov graduated from the Vakhtangov Theatre school and started his film career in 1959. His breakthrough role came in the 1963 adaptation of Vasily Aksyonov's Colleagues, in which he co-starred with Vasily Lanovoy and Oleg Anofriev.
Livanov's rather erratic bohemian lifestyle derailed his film career. He made very few appearances in the movies produced in the late 1960s and 1970s, using his newly acquired hoarse voice to become the voice behind multiple popular Soviet cartoon characters – Karlsson-on-the-Roof, Gena the Crocodile, Udav (the snake) from 38 Parrots (Russian: 38 попугаев). His other contribution to the Soyuzmultfilm cartoon industry was co-writing the screenplay for the animated film Town Musicians of Bremen, a modernised adaptation of the homonymous folktale. He also directed a few animated films, e.g. The Blue Bird.
wn.com/Vasily_Livanov -
Virginia Vestoff
Virginia Vestoff (December 9, 1939 – May 2, 1982) was an American actress of film, television and Broadway.
Vestoff was born into a family of vaudeville performers in New York City. Both her Russian immigrant father and mother, who was the great niece of American composer Stephen Foster, died and left Virginia an orphan at the age of nine. She coped with the loss by acting, and took third prize on The Ted Mack Amateur Hour, which launched a professional career with the Children's Chorus of the New York City Opera.
While living with relatives, Virginia attended the New York High School for the Performing Arts. At 15, she decided to move out and manage life on her own by attending Washington Irving High School and moonlighting as a salesgirl at a department store. However, Virginia quit school early to tour with a dance company. The failure to graduate remained a personal regret to Virginia throughout her life, which she countered with a thirst to self-educate, becoming an extensive reader.
wn.com/Virginia_Vestoff -
Vitaly Solomin
Vitaly Mefodievich Solomin (Russian: Виталий Мефодьевич Соломин) (12 December 1941 – 27 May 2002) was a Soviet and Russian actor, director and screenwriter. He was the younger brother of Yury Solomin.
Vitaly Solomin was born in 1941 in Chita, Russia to a family of professional musicians. From childhood he was fascinated by music and learned to play the piano. On leaving school he went to Moscow and in 1959 he entered Shchepkin's drama school. He studied in the class of Nikolay Annenkov.
While a student, Vitaly rehearsed and performed at the Maly Theatre. After finishing the school he became an actor at this theater.
In the 1960s Vitaly Solomin began to appear in films. He debuted in 1963 in 1 Newton street. His first big role was as Kirill in the 1966 film Elder sister.
Vitaly Solomin shot to fame after playing the leading role as Cossack Roman in the epic film Dauria (1971) where he worked with his brother Yuri Solomin and other russian stars, such as Yefim Kopelyan Viktor Pavlov and Vasili Shukshin
wn.com/Vitaly_Solomin -
William Gillette
William Hooker Gillette (July 24, 1853 – April 29, 1937) was an American actor, playwright and stage-manager in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is best remembered today for portraying Sherlock Holmes on stage and in a now lost 1916 silent film.
Gillette's most significant contributions to the theater were in devising realistic stage settings and special sound and lighting effects, and, as an actor, in putting forth what he called the Illusion of the First Time. His portrayal of Holmes helped create the modern image of the detective. His use of the deerstalker cap (which first appeared in some Strand illustrations by Sidney Paget) and the curved pipe became synonymous with the character. He assumed the role onstage more than 1,300 times over thirty years, starred in a silent motion picture based on his Holmes play, and voiced the character twice on radio.
Held by the Enemy (1886), his first Civil War drama, was a major step toward modern theater in that it abandoned many of the crude devices of 19th century melodrama and introduced realism into the sets, costumes, props and sound effects. And, at a time when the British had a very low opinion of American art, in any form, Held by the Enemy was also the first wholly American play with a wholly American theme to be a critical and commercial success on British stages.
wn.com/William_Gillette -
World War I
World War I (WWI), which was predominantly called the World War or the Great War from its occurrence until 1939 (World War II), and the First World War or World War I thereafter, was a major war centred in Europe that began on 28 July 1914 and lasted until 11 November 1918. It involved all the world's great powers, which were assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (based on the Triple Entente of the United Kingdom, France and Russia) and the Central Powers (originally centred around the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy; but, as Austria–Hungary had taken the offensive against the agreement, Italy did not enter into the war). These alliances both reorganised (Italy fought for the Allies), and expanded as more nations entered the war. Ultimately more than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, largely because of enormous increases in lethality of weapons, thanks to new technology, without corresponding improvements in protection or mobility. It was the sixth-deadliest conflict in world history, subsequently paving the way for various political changes such as revolutions in the nations involved.
wn.com/World_War_I
Heritage
Cast
-
Episode : Antigone: Part 1
UK:16 February 1971...
-
Episode : Antigone: Part 2
UK:1 March 1971...
- Season 1
-
Episode 1: (#1.1)
In this programme we dive deep in the English Channel and uncover the unseen archaeology that lies b...
-
Episode 2: (#1.2)
We investigate what life was like for hunter gatherers over 6 thousand years ago as we take a tour o...
karaoke
I emptied myself completely
to make enough room for you.
Now I trust in you to guide me,
whatever you'll have me do.
I know you will make all the right choices,
as I lay my life in your hands.
Now my head is full of your voices,
and I'd better act on command.
Carrying out my duty
proud as a man can be,
shouldering this responsibility
knowing all people will not agree.
Surely they will in the future,
but now they won't be able to see,
and so they will make me a martyr
Maurice White, Lestley R. Pierce Frankie Blue
rap:
the boys
we're just chillin' with Eart, Wind Fire
this is my desire
talking 'bout culture
I'm a vulture
just like the beat
chillin' with Earth, Wind Fire
everybody take a look around
what do you see
when I look
there's faces everywhere
lookin' back at me
their eyes keep telling me stories
don't understand
in my mind
there's many, many questions
bout who I am
bridge:
just be proud of the land
where your blood comes from
no one can take away
what you have done
hold your head up high
cultures stand eye to eye
one people living under one sun
chorus:
be proud
sing it out loud
take your rightful place
it's you heritage
so stand tall
don't be small
show true face
it's your heritage
everybody walks a little different
to keep the pace
gotta have pride
just to be a winner
in the human race
in school, the rules don't fly
out on the street, tell me why
people of the nation can't feel the same beat
bridge
chorus
bridge:
we're living in a colorful world
all shades of love
each carrying a ray of hope
sent down from above
rap:
yo Marice: break it down for me allright
The Boys chillin' wit Earth, Wind and Flames
they asked us to sing a few notes
so we came
realized the meaning of the song
so we sung
with all our heart and soul
and hopefully we brung
a message to all
to not be small
to stand up tall
and to give it your all
let's have a ball y'all
pump it up!
chorus
A land born of a Nordic tribe-Long ago our fore fathers
arrived to live with the wind, walk the fire, sent by the
gods to please their desires! The snow was gently
falling, a white mist filled the air! I hear mid-winter
calling and its calling for me! Calling for me!
As I swing my sword in the wind I feel the powers it
brings within! Having it with me all my life-My son can
you hear the wolves cry? Can you hear the wolves cry?
Now I pass it to you my son, what was given to me that
stormy night! I feel the breeze come in cold-Now I’m
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Opeth - Heritage
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:01
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
Track: 1 Album: Heritage Year: 2011
http://wn.com/Opeth_Heritage
Heritage Singers / "Oh Happy Day" (music video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:25
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
"Oh Happy Day" from the Heritage Singers DVD "Live, In Concert From Prague" featuring Tim Davis. This music video was filmed during Heritage Singers Czech Republic/Slovakia tour. Directed, filmed and edited by Art Mapa. Additional camera by Dave Bell, Warren Judd and Austin Mapa. Appearances: Tim Davis, Melody Davis, Val Mace-Mapa, Scott Reed, Holly Reed, Tim Calhoun, Shani Diehl, Dave Bell, Max Mace, Adriane Mace, Heritage (video) Band: Nino Ocampo on bass, Dani Stromback on keys, Christian Cummings on drums and Art Mapa on guitar. Studio Musicians: Steve Brewster on drums, Dave Cleveland and Art Mapa on guitars, Mark Hill on bass and Jason Webb on keys. "Oh Happy Day" is from the "Be Free" CD. www.heritagesingers.com http
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_Oh_Happy_Day_music_video
Heritage Singers - Peacespeaker
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:45
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
Heritage Singers at the Crystal Cathedral Peacespeaker
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_Peacespeaker
The Heritage Singers: "Someone is praying for you"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:18
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001.
http://wn.com/The_Heritage_Singers_Someone_is_praying_for_you
Heritage Singers - The Prayer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:34
- Updated: 24 Nov 2012
Heritage Singers at the Crystal Cathedral The Prayer
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_The_Prayer
Heritage Singers - I Can Only Imagine
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:12
- Updated: 18 Nov 2012
Heritage Singers at the Crystal Cathedral I Can Only Imagine
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_I_Can_Only_Imagine
Celtic Thunder Heritage - Heartland
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:46
- Updated: 24 Nov 2012
Click Here to Order "Heritage" on CD or DVD bit.ly To Purchase Fall 2011 Tour Tickets bit.ly "Heritage" is theall-new Celtic Thunder Release that focuses entirely on their Celtic and Irish roots. Featuring traditional standards such as "Whiskey in the Jar," "Black is the Color," "Skye Boat Song" and "Red, Red Rose" as well as a few beautiful love songs such as, "The Dutchman", "Noreen" and "Just a Song at Twilight." Celtic Thunder Fan Favorites such as "Heartland" and "Ireland's Call", and the new song "A Voice in the Choir". Filmed in Poughkeepsie, NY in front of a live audience, Celtic Thunder's performers bring their musical talent and passion to the performances in this new Celtic Thunder Release. The performances range from solo numbers, to enchanting duets and powerful ensembles. "Heritage" is a celebration of Celtic Music and the Celts Heritage, a joy for the entire family, performed as always, with Celtic Thunder magic. "Heartland" Lyrics WHEN THE STORM IS RAGING, AND THUNDER ROLLS, DELIVER US FROM THE OCEAN SAVE OUR SOULS. Chorus A THIARNA DEAN TROCAIRE (This is Irish for Lord have Mercy) A CHRIOST DEAN TROCAIRE (This is Irish for Christ have Mercy) A THIARNA DEAN TROCAIRE A CHRIOST DEAN TROCAIRE. WHEN THE WINDS ARE HOWLING VIGIL KEEP SHELTER US AND SAVE US FROM THE DEEP Chorus A THIARNA DEAN TROCAIRE A CHRIOST DEAN TROCAIRE A THIARNA DEAN TROCAIRE A CHRIOST DEAN TROCAIRE THANK YOU LORD YOU HAVE BROUGHT US SAFE TO SHORE BE OUR STRENGTH AND PROTECTION EVERMORE ...
http://wn.com/Celtic_Thunder_Heritage_Heartland
Lunch with Heritage: Fiscal Cliff
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 36:45
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Lunch_with_Heritage_Fiscal_Cliff
Morgan Heritage - Nothing To Smile About
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:23
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
New video to Nothing To Smile about by Morgan Heritage, from their latest album Mission in Progress. Get your copy from vpreggae.com or download now from VP's Planet Reggae at www.planetreggae.com..
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Nothing_To_Smile_About
Heritage Singers / "He Is Able" (Live From Prague)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:12
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
From Heritage Singers "Live, In Concert From Prague" DVD. "He Is Able" was filmed live in Prague, Czech Republic. Featured soloist: Shani Diehl Singers: Val Mace-Mapa, Tim Davis, Shani Diehl, Dave Bell, Scott Reed, Max Mace, Adriane Mace, and Tim Calhoun. Heritage Band: Nino Ocampo on bass, Dani Stromback on keys, Christian Cummings on Drums and Art Mapa on guitars. From the CD "No Greater Love" Studio Musicians: Art Mapa all instruments except Jim Hammerly on piano. Strings, orchestral samples performed and arranged by Art Mapa. www.heritagesingers.com http
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_He_Is_Able_Live_From_Prague
Opeth - The Devil's Orchard
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:40
- Updated: 27 Nov 2012
© 2011 WMG New single off of the forthcoming album Heritage, in stores September 20th. www.opeth.com
http://wn.com/Opeth_The_Devil's_Orchard
Morgan Heritage - Tell Me How Come
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
off the full circle album
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Tell_Me_How_Come
MON DIEU EST SI BON SEBASTIAN DEMREY HERITAGE BY EYDELY WORSHIP CHANNEL
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:53
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
HERITAGE
http://wn.com/MON_DIEU_EST_SI_BON_SEBASTIAN_DEMREY_HERITAGE_BY_EYDELY_WORSHIP_CHANNEL
Morgan Heritage - Faithful
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:23
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
Music video by Morgan Heritage performing Faithful.
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Faithful
Morgan Heritage - Down By The River Live
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:30
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
Beautiful life song of Morgan Heritage Down By The River Live listen to this man
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Down_By_The_River_Live
The White House Disinformation Campaign on Libya
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:53
- Updated: 24 Nov 2012
An Incriminating Timeline: herit.ag | New evidence shows there were security threats in Benghazi, Libya, in the months prior to the deadly September 11, 2012, attack that killed US Ambassador Christopher Stevens and three other Americans. Despite these threats, the Obama Administration and State Department left its personnel there to fend for themselves.
http://wn.com/The_White_House_Disinformation_Campaign_on_Libya
Sherlock Holmes: The Case of the Cunningham Heritage
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 26:35
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
Ronald Howard stars as the world famous sleuth Sherlock Holmes with H. Marion Crawford as the unflappable Dr. Watson, in this critically acclaimed TV series hailed as the most faithfully filmed adaptation of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's legendary characters.
http://wn.com/Sherlock_Holmes_The_Case_of_the_Cunningham_Heritage
Celtic Thunder "Heritage" Sizzle Reel
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:25
- Updated: 27 Sep 2012
Click Here to Order Celtic Thunder "Heritage" on CD or DVD bit.ly To find a Fall 2011 Show near you bit.ly "Heritage" is theall-new Celtic Thunder Release that focuses entirely on their Celtic and Irish roots. Featuring traditional standards such as "Whiskey in the Jar," "Black is the Color," "Skye Boat Song" and "Red, Red Rose" as well as a few beautiful love songs such as, "The Dutchman", "Noreen" and "Just a Song at Twilight." Celtic Thunder Fan Favorites such as "Heartland" and "Ireland's Call", and the new song "A Voice in the Choir". Filmed in Poughkeepsie, NY in front of a live audience, Celtic Thunder's performers bring their musical talent and passion to the performances in this new Celtic Thunder Release. The performances range from solo numbers, to enchanting duets and powerful ensembles. "Heritage" is a celebration of Celtic Music and the Celts Heritage, a joy for the entire family, performed as always, with Celtic Thunder magic.
http://wn.com/Celtic_Thunder_Heritage_Sizzle_Reel
Celtic Thunder Heritage - "A Place in the Choir"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:50
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
Re Upload - A Place In The Choir (Group) All God's creatures got a place in the choir, Some sing low and some sing higher, Some sing out loud on the telephone wire, Some just clap their hands or paws or anything they got. All God's creatures got a place in the choir, Some sing low and some sing higher, Some sing out loud on the telephone wire, Some just clap their hands or paws or anything they got. Listen to the top with the little birds singing, And the melodies and the high notes ringing, And the hoot-owl cries over everything, And the blackbird disagrees. Singing in the night time singing in the day, And the little duck quacks and he's on his way, And the otter hasn't got much to say, And the porcupine talks to himself. All God's creatures got a place in the choir, Some sing low and some sing higher, Some sing out loud on the telephone wire, Some just clap their hands or paws or anything they got. The dogs and the cats, they take up the middle, Where the honeybee hums and the cricket fiddles, The donkey brays and the pony neighs, And the old gray badger sighs. Well listen to the bass its the one on the bottom, Where the bullfrog croaks and the hippopotamus, moans and groans with a big to do, And the old cow just goes moo. All God's creatures got a place in the choir, Some sing low and some sing higher, Some sing out loud on the telephone wire, Some just clap their hands or paws or anything they got. Its a simple song living song everywhere, By the ox and the fox and ...
http://wn.com/Celtic_Thunder_Heritage_A_Place_in_the_Choir
Krampus - Kronos' Heritage (OFFICIAL VIDEO)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:07
- Updated: 26 Nov 2012
*NEW* The first video from our upcoming album "Survival of the Fittest", out in stores and digital download on August 24, 2012! Official site: www.krampusfolk.com Facebook: www.facebook.com Pre-order "Survival of the Fittest": @ Nuclear Blast: www.nuclearblast.de @ EMP: www.emp.de @ Napalm Records: tiny.cc @ Amazon: www.amazon.de What frontman Filippo says about the song: "Kronos' heritage Is a question: what are we going to leave to our children if we destroy their world? Too many times we forget that the injuries of this planet will bleed over our children. There's an African proverb that says: "this world is not the heritage of our fathers, but a loan of our children." Fear the Krampus...
http://wn.com/Krampus_Kronos'_Heritage_OFFICIAL_VIDEO
Martin Grech - The Heritage
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:07
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Martin_Grech_The_Heritage
Camaro : Heritage
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:24
- Updated: 25 Nov 2012
Like us on Facebook : facebook.com A celebration of the Chevrolet Camaro and it's heritage, over ten (10) 2010/2011 Camaro were featured, also including one of each past generation Camaro in a tribute homage. We hope all Camaro and car enthusiasts alike enjoy. A non-commercial fan project. // Canon 5D Mark II DSLR Camera & Canon 7D DSLR Camera -Canon EF 14MM F/2.8 USM II Lens -Canon EF 35mm F/1.4L USM Lens -Canon EF 24-70mm F/2.8L USM Lens -Canon EF 70-200mm F/2.8; USM Lens // Equipment -ProAm DVC250 Crane -Davis & Sanford Provista 12 Tripod with V12 Fluid Head -IndiSYSTEM IndiSLIDER (attached to additional Tripod with V12 Fluid Head) -Flycam Nano DSLR w/ Arm Brace // Written and Directed by Neil Karunatilaka // Director of Photography / Cinematography by Rakitha Perera // Camera Operators : Rakitha Perera & Neil Karunatilaka // Set Assistance : Nalaka Kahawatte, Nihal Karunatilaka, Taniya Karunatilaka, & James Dillion // Special Thanks to Camaro5 and Camaro Generations // Camaro5 : Josh Mac, Colleen Schaefer, Bobbie Jutras, Luis Ruelas, Ramir Ramos, Jarrod Jacobs, Joe Kane, Gagandeep Singh, Steve Kavros, (camaro5.com // Camaro Generations : Jason Graham, James Barger, Brett Keroher, Kacy Keroher, Chip and Sherrie Strnad // Music : Sentinel Prime by Steve Jablonsky; The Fight Will Be Your Own by Steve Jablonsky // Article featured on CarBuzz.com : carbuzz.com // Article featured on Camaro5.com : camaro5.com // Article featured on LSXTV.com : lsxtv.com // Article featured ...
http://wn.com/Camaro_Heritage
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Lascars - Jfai Dla Thai (version créole 972)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:15
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
version créole 972 Lascars - Jfai Dla Thai
http://wn.com/Lascars_Jfai_Dla_Thai_version_créole_972
Morgan heritage - crossroads
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:43
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Morgan heritage - crossroads By: Muhal90
http://wn.com/Morgan_heritage_crossroads
Morgan Heritage-Love you right
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:15
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
new album morgan heritage
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage-Love_you_right
Capleton ft. Morgan Heritage - Behold
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:13
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Capleton ft. Morgan Heritage - Behold
http://wn.com/Capleton_ft_Morgan_Heritage_Behold
Morgan Heritage-I Know**NEW 2008**
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:07
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Morgan Heritage 2 da fullest!!!
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage-I_Know**NEW_2008**
Morgan Heritage - Smile
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
morgan heritage
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Smile
Morgan Heritage - People Hungry (2008 Drop It Riddim)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:24
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Morgan Heritage are one of my favourite reggae groups. Seeing them perform live is an experience!
Morgan Heritage began performing in 1991 and originally comprised 8 of the 29 children of reggae artist Denroy Morgan.
Shortly after releasing their second album, Protect Us Jah, in 1997, Morgan Heritage was reduced to a five-piece group, which consists of:
Una Morgan (born 1973)
Peter Morgan (born 1977)
Roy "Gramps" Morgan (born 1975)
Nakhamyah "Lukes" Morgan (born 1977)
Memmalatel "Mr. Mojo" Morgan (born 1981)
Don't Haffi Dread from 1999 and More Teachings from 2001 continued to carry the roots reggae torch, whilst Full Circle from 2005 featured the massive Jamaican hit "Tell Me How Come".
This is the follow up to their massive 2008 hit Nothing To Smile About.
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_People_Hungry_2008_Drop_It_Riddim
Morgan Heritage - Let's Make Up
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:30
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Morgan Heritage - Let's Make Up - www.jamaicanforum.com
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Let's_Make_Up
Morgan Héritage - 7CIS
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:21
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Interview + Concert de Morgan Heritage
http://wn.com/Morgan_Héritage_7CIS
Morgan Heritage Things Out a Hand
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:41
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Bless
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Things_Out_a_Hand
Morgan Heritage - Tell Me How Come
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:00
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
off the full circle album
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Tell_Me_How_Come
8. Morgan Heritage & Buju - Reap What You Sew - Mikie Dread TV
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:49
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
If you like your roots then you'll like this colaboration of wisdon and insight. Another scorcher for rasta and bassheadz alike. Reggae lives!.
http://wn.com/8_Morgan_Heritage_Buju_Reap_What_You_Sew_Mikie_Dread_TV
Morgan Heritage
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:18
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Morgan Heritage , nouvel album "Mission in Progress" sortie début 2008. A cappella de Peter
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage
*MORGAN HERITAGE* "Nothing to smile about" Rub a Dub Riddim
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:05
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
(Intro)
nuff people come to jamaica and nuh know how we live
think Seh EVERYTHING nice through we full of vibes and think
dem say want feelin to dem heart when dem get fi overstand di real thing yeaah
(verse 1)
Mi deh ya a town one day
A par with a white man weh come all the way from norway
And him turn to mi and say
How comes Jamaica full of so much screwface
Same time mi lift mi head to the sky
And a tear drop fall from mi eye
Mi Say my youth come we go out for a drive
Mek mi show you why mi cry
(chorus)
Look pon di gully side
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look at that hungry child
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look at the school weh deh youth dem go fi get dem education
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look at the conditions of our police stations
Do you see anything fi smile bout
(verse 2)
Same time the bredda say
How can a nation believe in this way
And the next thing him say
How can the government play so many games
Same time mi heart fall to the ground
Cause dis much war where that comes from
Certain place they are worse dan slum
Youth man come
(chorus)
And take a look pon Riverton
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look pon Payneland
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Flankers, Mobay and Saffras Heights in Nos Spain
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Hope Flats, Kentiyah, Mottom Bay are all the same
Do you see anything fi smile bout
(Intro)
nuff people come to jamaica and nuh know how we live
think Say EVERYTHING nice through we full of vibes and think
dem say want feelin to dem heart when dem get fi overstand di real thing yeaah
chorus
(verse 1)
Mi deh ya a town one day
A par with a white man weh come all the way from norway
And him turn to mi and say
How comes Jamaica full of so much screwface
Same time mi lift mi head to the sky
And a tear drop fall from mi eye
Mi Say my youth come we go out for a drive
Mek mi show you why mi cry
(chorus)
take a look pon Riverton
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look pon Payneland
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Canterbury Mobay, March Pen Road ova Spain
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Nuff likkle place deh ya inna jamdown today
Weh nuttin nuh did deh fi smile bout
http://wn.com/*MORGAN_HERITAGE*_Nothing_to_smile_about_Rub_a_Dub_Riddim
Morgan Heritage - Everything Will Be Alright
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:00
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Morgan Heritage's Gramps singing Everything Will Be Alright at the Kool Haus
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Everything_Will_Be_Alright
Reggae Rising- Morgan Heritage from stage
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:16
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
down by the river..Humboldt County
http://wn.com/Reggae_Rising_Morgan_Heritage_from_stage
Morgan Heritage-Yute Dem Share
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:07
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
missin in progress
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage-Yute_Dem_Share
Morgan Heritage - Saddle Up
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:56
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
featuring LMS
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Saddle_Up
Iriepathie feat. Morgan Heritage - Never Give Up
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:11
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Amazon CD: http://amzn.to/fYi5Pn
Amazon MP3: http://amzn.to/i69AiC
iTunes AT: http://itunes.apple.com/at/album/45/id256546555
iTunes "Lovebird Riddim Selection": http://urlm.in/nvuu
Irievibrations Records presents
Iriepathie feat. Morgan Heritage - Never Give Up
on Irievibrations' Lovebird Riddim
Music: Iriepathie
Director: B. Kranebitter
Camera: A. Pevny, K. Gruzei
Producer: Iriepathie
http://www.irievibrations-rec.com
http://www.myspace.com/irievibrationsrecords
http://www.facebook.com/irievibrationsrecords
http://www.twitter.com/irievibration
http://www.soundcloud.com/irievibrations-records
http://wn.com/Iriepathie_feat_Morgan_Heritage_Never_Give_Up
Morgan Heritage - More Teaching
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:26
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
More teaching album
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_More_Teaching
Morgan Heritage - Nothing To Smile About
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:23
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
New video to Nothing To Smile about by Morgan Heritage, from their latest album Mission in Progress.
Get your copy from vpreggae.com or download now from VP's Planet Reggae at www.planetreggae.com..
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Nothing_To_Smile_About
Morgan Heritage - Don't Haffi Dread
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:59
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Roots
http://wn.com/Morgan_Heritage_Don't_Haffi_Dread
Morgan heritage - don't haffi dread
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:14
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
one of the best morgan heritage songs
http://wn.com/Morgan_heritage_don't_haffi_dread
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Heritage Singers - Peacespeaker
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:45
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Heritage Singers at the Crystal Cathedral
Peacespeaker
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_Peacespeaker
Heritage Singers - Because Of Love
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:37
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Heritage Singers at the Crystal Cathedral
Because Of Love
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_Because_Of_Love
Heritage Singers - The Prayer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:34
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Heritage Singers at the Crystal Cathedral
The Prayer
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_The_Prayer
Heritage Singers - Breathe On Me
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:59
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Heritage Singers at the Crystal Cathedral
Breathe On ME
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_Breathe_On_Me
The Heritage Singers: "Someone is praying for you"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:18
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001.
http://wn.com/The_Heritage_Singers_Someone_is_praying_for_you
The Heritage Singers: "Daystar"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:33
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
the heritage reunion concert in 2001.
http://wn.com/The_Heritage_Singers_Daystar
The Heritage Singers: "Champion of Love"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:58
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The Heritage Singers' Reunion concert in 2001.
http://wn.com/The_Heritage_Singers_Champion_of_Love
The Heritage Singers: "My Tribute"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:02
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The Heritage pays tribute to the Lord for His bountiful blessings and fruitful ministry thru music. Let us give tribute to the Lord for his grace and love.
http://wn.com/The_Heritage_Singers_My_Tribute
The Heritage Singers: "When I get Carried Away"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:02
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001.
http://wn.com/The_Heritage_Singers_When_I_get_Carried_Away
heritage singers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:15
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
CANTANDO UN CLASICO I WILL NEVER BE
http://wn.com/heritage_singers
The Heritage Singers: "Rise Again"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:06
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001.
http://wn.com/The_Heritage_Singers_Rise_Again
The Heritage Singers: "Never Say Goodbye"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:50
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001.
http://wn.com/The_Heritage_Singers_Never_Say_Goodbye
A Broken Heart - Heritage Singers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:25
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
This is one of my favorite gospel songs from the Heritage Singers! It reminds us of God's great love towards us through Jesus Christ's death on the cross.
http://wn.com/A_Broken_Heart_Heritage_Singers
The Heritage Singers: "Come Along with Me"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:29
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
This is the introduction to the Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Concert.
http://wn.com/The_Heritage_Singers_Come_Along_with_Me
Campeón de Amor - Heritage Singers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:04
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Hermoso video del grupo musical adventista heritage singers ¬¬
http://wn.com/Campeón_de_Amor_Heritage_Singers
When I turn to you - Heritage Singers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:36
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Other inspirational song :-)
http://wn.com/When_I_turn_to_you_Heritage_Singers
Heritage Singers - The Power Of Praise 35 aniversario
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:31
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
WwW.DJPraise.tk
Heritage Singers - The Power Of Praise el poder de la alabanza 35 aniversario
Edit Julio 2007
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_The_Power_Of_Praise_35_aniversario
♫ Heritage Singers - This Old House ♫
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:04
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
V.O.P. Family Reunion
http://wn.com/♫_Heritage_Singers_This_Old_House_♫
heritage singers - opern our eyes/ in his time
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:21
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
one of the best
http://wn.com/heritage_singers_opern_our_eyes_in_his_time
Heritage Singers no Rio
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:51
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Apresentação do grupo Heritage gravado ao vivo.
http://wn.com/Heritage_Singers_no_Rio
"Take the name on Jesus" by Heritage Singers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:11
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Hermoso tema de los Heritage Singers .
http://wn.com/Take_the_name_on_Jesus_by_Heritage_Singers
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Natural Heritage - Northern Velebit National Park
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:13
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://wn.com/Natural_Heritage_Northern_Velebit_National_Park
Natural Heritage - Plitvice Lakes National Park /winter/
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:40
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
Due to the natural beauty of the waterfalls, cascades, caves and rocks, which offer a beautiful mosaic of colours, sounds and shapes surrounded by high mountain forest terrain, Plitvice lakes and its surroundings were in 1949 declared a National Park, and since 1979 have been under the UNESCO protection. The park is open year round, and is most pleasant to visit during the summer months, but the winter months also leave visitors breath taken when they see the frozen waterfalls.
http://wn.com/Natural_Heritage_Plitvice_Lakes_National_Park_winter_
Natural Heritage - Plitvice Lakes National Park /autumn/
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:38
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://wn.com/Natural_Heritage_Plitvice_Lakes_National_Park_autumn_
Natural Heritage - Plitvice Lakes National Park /summer/
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:12
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://wn.com/Natural_Heritage_Plitvice_Lakes_National_Park_summer_
Natural Heritage - Kopački Rit Nature Park
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:36
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://wn.com/Natural_Heritage_Kopački_Rit_Nature_Park
Natural Heritage - Mljet National Park
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:09
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://wn.com/Natural_Heritage_Mljet_National_Park
Natural Heritage - Kornati National Park
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:11
- Updated: 01 Jan 1970
http://wn.com/Natural_Heritage_Kornati_National_Park
1:15
Lascars - Jfai Dla Thai (version créole 972)
version créole 972 Lascars - Jfai Dla Thai...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Lascars - Jfai Dla Thai (version créole 972)
version créole 972 Lascars - Jfai Dla Thai
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 60708
- author: Protozoa Centauri
3:43
Morgan heritage - crossroads
Morgan heritage - crossroads By: Muhal90...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan heritage - crossroads
Morgan heritage - crossroads By: Muhal90
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 37849
- author: Protozoa Centauri
6:15
Morgan Heritage-Love you right
new album morgan heritage...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage-Love you right
new album morgan heritage
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 228734
- author: Protozoa Centauri
4:13
Capleton ft. Morgan Heritage - Behold
Capleton ft. Morgan Heritage - Behold...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Capleton ft. Morgan Heritage - Behold
Capleton ft. Morgan Heritage - Behold
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 190742
- author: Protozoa Centauri
4:07
Morgan Heritage-I Know**NEW 2008**
Morgan Heritage 2 da fullest!!!...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage-I Know**NEW 2008**
Morgan Heritage 2 da fullest!!!
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 88513
- author: Protozoa Centauri
3:54
Morgan Heritage - Smile
morgan heritage...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage - Smile
morgan heritage
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 97990
- author: Protozoa Centauri
4:24
Morgan Heritage - People Hungry (2008 Drop It Riddim)
Morgan Heritage are one of my favourite reggae groups. Seeing them perform live is an expe...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage - People Hungry (2008 Drop It Riddim)
Morgan Heritage are one of my favourite reggae groups. Seeing them perform live is an experience!
Morgan Heritage began performing in 1991 and originally comprised 8 of the 29 children of reggae artist Denroy Morgan.
Shortly after releasing their second album, Protect Us Jah, in 1997, Morgan Heritage was reduced to a five-piece group, which consists of:
Una Morgan (born 1973)
Peter Morgan (born 1977)
Roy "Gramps" Morgan (born 1975)
Nakhamyah "Lukes" Morgan (born 1977)
Memmalatel "Mr. Mojo" Morgan (born 1981)
Don't Haffi Dread from 1999 and More Teachings from 2001 continued to carry the roots reggae torch, whilst Full Circle from 2005 featured the massive Jamaican hit "Tell Me How Come".
This is the follow up to their massive 2008 hit Nothing To Smile About.
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 186605
- author: Protozoa Centauri
4:30
Morgan Heritage - Let's Make Up
Morgan Heritage - Let's Make Up - www.jamaicanforum.com...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage - Let's Make Up
Morgan Heritage - Let's Make Up - www.jamaicanforum.com
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 61596
- author: Protozoa Centauri
8:21
Morgan Héritage - 7CIS
Interview + Concert de Morgan Heritage...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Héritage - 7CIS
Interview + Concert de Morgan Heritage
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 5546
- author: Protozoa Centauri
3:41
Morgan Heritage Things Out a Hand
Bless...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage Things Out a Hand
Bless
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 81727
- author: Protozoa Centauri
4:00
Morgan Heritage - Tell Me How Come
off the full circle album...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage - Tell Me How Come
off the full circle album
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 2645983
- author: Protozoa Centauri
3:49
8. Morgan Heritage & Buju - Reap What You Sew - Mikie Dread TV
If you like your roots then you'll like this colaboration of wisdon and insight. Another s...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
8. Morgan Heritage & Buju - Reap What You Sew - Mikie Dread TV
If you like your roots then you'll like this colaboration of wisdon and insight. Another scorcher for rasta and bassheadz alike. Reggae lives!.
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 16770
- author: Protozoa Centauri
1:18
Morgan Heritage
Morgan Heritage , nouvel album "Mission in Progress" sortie début 2008. A cappella de Pet...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage
Morgan Heritage , nouvel album "Mission in Progress" sortie début 2008. A cappella de Peter
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 10953
- author: Protozoa Centauri
4:05
*MORGAN HERITAGE* "Nothing to smile about" Rub a Dub Riddim
(Intro)
nuff people come to jamaica and nuh know how we live
think Seh EVERYTHING nice t...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
*MORGAN HERITAGE* "Nothing to smile about" Rub a Dub Riddim
(Intro)
nuff people come to jamaica and nuh know how we live
think Seh EVERYTHING nice through we full of vibes and think
dem say want feelin to dem heart when dem get fi overstand di real thing yeaah
(verse 1)
Mi deh ya a town one day
A par with a white man weh come all the way from norway
And him turn to mi and say
How comes Jamaica full of so much screwface
Same time mi lift mi head to the sky
And a tear drop fall from mi eye
Mi Say my youth come we go out for a drive
Mek mi show you why mi cry
(chorus)
Look pon di gully side
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look at that hungry child
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look at the school weh deh youth dem go fi get dem education
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look at the conditions of our police stations
Do you see anything fi smile bout
(verse 2)
Same time the bredda say
How can a nation believe in this way
And the next thing him say
How can the government play so many games
Same time mi heart fall to the ground
Cause dis much war where that comes from
Certain place they are worse dan slum
Youth man come
(chorus)
And take a look pon Riverton
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look pon Payneland
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Flankers, Mobay and Saffras Heights in Nos Spain
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Hope Flats, Kentiyah, Mottom Bay are all the same
Do you see anything fi smile bout
(Intro)
nuff people come to jamaica and nuh know how we live
think Say EVERYTHING nice through we full of vibes and think
dem say want feelin to dem heart when dem get fi overstand di real thing yeaah
chorus
(verse 1)
Mi deh ya a town one day
A par with a white man weh come all the way from norway
And him turn to mi and say
How comes Jamaica full of so much screwface
Same time mi lift mi head to the sky
And a tear drop fall from mi eye
Mi Say my youth come we go out for a drive
Mek mi show you why mi cry
(chorus)
take a look pon Riverton
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Look pon Payneland
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Canterbury Mobay, March Pen Road ova Spain
Do you see anything fi smile bout
Nuff likkle place deh ya inna jamdown today
Weh nuttin nuh did deh fi smile bout
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 378663
- author: Protozoa Centauri
Vimeo results:
2:25
Welcome to Fontevraud
Fontevraud Abbey is a religious building hosting a cultural centre and situated in the Lo...
published: 31 Mar 2011
author: Francis Cutter
Welcome to Fontevraud
Fontevraud Abbey is a religious building hosting a cultural centre and situated in the Loire Valley (France), an Unesco World Heritage Site.
Today the Fontevraud Abbey invite young artists ( here dancer & motion designers ) to reappropriate this historical place through their discipline.
Created with After Effect and Photoshop with vanishing point tool and camera projection.
Shoot on Canon 7D.
Directed by Francis Cutter & Vincent Nguyen at Ensad 2011
Choregraphy by Nick Mukoko
Music & Sound design by Nodey & Omar Tryana
VFX art & technical crew : Naïmé Perrette & Pierre-Yves Dougnac
Photographer: Natalianne Boucher
Contact & Info: fran6cutter[at]gmail[dot]com
www.franciscutter.com
4:39
ZOO YORK PRESENTS: THE CHAZ ORTIZ VIDEO
ZOO YORK proudly presents, The Chaz Ortiz Video. Filmed in 10 months between October 2011 ...
published: 10 Jul 2012
author: ZOO YORK
ZOO YORK PRESENTS: THE CHAZ ORTIZ VIDEO
ZOO YORK proudly presents, The Chaz Ortiz Video. Filmed in 10 months between October 2011 to July 2012. Shot on location in Chicago, Atlanta, Boston, Miami, New York City and more.
Chaz has been a part of the ZOO YORK family since he was nine years old. True to the heritage of ZOO, our boy holds it down in the streets.
Watch for B-sides, second angles and behind-the-scenes footage dropping soon.
http://zooyork.com/
4:46
HRE Wheels: The Birth of the Vintage Series
Inspired by the wheels of HRE’s history in the wheel manufacturing business, the Vintage S...
published: 07 Feb 2012
author: StanceWorks
HRE Wheels: The Birth of the Vintage Series
Inspired by the wheels of HRE’s history in the wheel manufacturing business, the Vintage Series is a contemporary take on the classic wheels from an era we all love.
Find a quiet spot and turn up your volume!
Check out our full article here!
http://www.stanceworks.com/2012/02/hre-wheels-birth-vintage-series/
3:43
Superheroes of Stoke Trailer
MSP is proud to bring you the most eagerly awaited ski film of the last two decades. “SUPE...
published: 30 Jul 2012
author: MSP Films
Superheroes of Stoke Trailer
MSP is proud to bring you the most eagerly awaited ski film of the last two decades. “SUPERHEROES OF STOKE” celebrates MSP’s heritage and 20 years of skiing progression, showcasing icons of the sport and honoring the moments that helped define modern freeskiing. This awe-inspiring new film takes a captivating look at the past, present, and future of freeskiing through comprehensive storytelling and engaging first-person perspectives from those who helped change the game. Throughout the film, MSP honors the heroes who have emerged over the years and pays tribute to the heroes who have been lost. “SUPERHEROES OF STOKE” showcases incredible new action from all corners of the globe, encompassing overhead powder at Chatter Creek, massive spine walls in Alaska’s Tordrillo Mountains, pillow lines and tree jibs in Japan, and massive man-made features at Whistler and Alyeska.
Starring an elite class of superheroes, including: Mark Abma, James Heim, Ingrid Backstrom, Riley Leboe, Russ Henshaw, Eric Hjorleifson, Gus Kenworthy, Richard Permin, PK Hunder, Sean Pettit, Michelle Parker, Cody Townsend, Jacob Wester, Aidan Sheahan, Logan Pehota, Leo Ahrens, and Sam Anthamatten. Also featuring legendary cameos from earlier generations of the MSP universe: Shane McConkey, Seth Morrison, Wendy Fisher, JP Auclair, Mike Douglas, CR Johnson, Tanner Hall, Eric Pollard, Hugo Harrisson, Sarah Burke, and many more.
Youtube results:
2:00
Morgan Heritage - Everything Will Be Alright
Morgan Heritage's Gramps singing Everything Will Be Alright at the Kool Haus...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage - Everything Will Be Alright
Morgan Heritage's Gramps singing Everything Will Be Alright at the Kool Haus
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 21976
- author: Protozoa Centauri
0:16
Reggae Rising- Morgan Heritage from stage
down by the river..Humboldt County...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Reggae Rising- Morgan Heritage from stage
down by the river..Humboldt County
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 3855
- author: Protozoa Centauri
5:07
Morgan Heritage-Yute Dem Share
missin in progress...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage-Yute Dem Share
missin in progress
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 89815
- author: Protozoa Centauri
3:56
Morgan Heritage - Saddle Up
featuring LMS...
published: 02 Feb 2011
author: Protozoa Centauri
Morgan Heritage - Saddle Up
featuring LMS
- published: 02 Feb 2011
- views: 156726
- author: Protozoa Centauri
4:18
The Heritage Singers: "Someone is praying for you"
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001....
published: 10 Sep 2007
author: jeflisboa
The Heritage Singers: "Someone is praying for you"
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001.
- published: 10 Sep 2007
- views: 318856
- author: jeflisboa
6:02
The Heritage Singers: "My Tribute"
The Heritage pays tribute to the Lord for His bountiful blessings and fruitful ministry th...
published: 10 Sep 2007
author: jeflisboa
The Heritage Singers: "My Tribute"
The Heritage pays tribute to the Lord for His bountiful blessings and fruitful ministry thru music. Let us give tribute to the Lord for his grace and love.
- published: 10 Sep 2007
- views: 62697
- author: jeflisboa
3:02
The Heritage Singers: "When I get Carried Away"
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001....
published: 10 Sep 2007
author: jeflisboa
The Heritage Singers: "When I get Carried Away"
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001.
- published: 10 Sep 2007
- views: 118948
- author: jeflisboa
4:06
The Heritage Singers: "Rise Again"
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001....
published: 10 Sep 2007
author: jeflisboa
The Heritage Singers: "Rise Again"
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001.
- published: 10 Sep 2007
- views: 86280
- author: jeflisboa
3:50
The Heritage Singers: "Never Say Goodbye"
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001....
published: 10 Sep 2007
author: jeflisboa
The Heritage Singers: "Never Say Goodbye"
The Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Reunion concert in 2001.
- published: 10 Sep 2007
- views: 102018
- author: jeflisboa
4:25
A Broken Heart - Heritage Singers
This is one of my favorite gospel songs from the Heritage Singers! It reminds us of God's ...
published: 10 Sep 2007
author: jeflisboa
A Broken Heart - Heritage Singers
This is one of my favorite gospel songs from the Heritage Singers! It reminds us of God's great love towards us through Jesus Christ's death on the cross.
- published: 10 Sep 2007
- views: 128834
- author: jeflisboa
2:29
The Heritage Singers: "Come Along with Me"
This is the introduction to the Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Concert....
published: 10 Sep 2007
author: jeflisboa
The Heritage Singers: "Come Along with Me"
This is the introduction to the Heritage Singers' 30th Anniversary Concert.
- published: 10 Sep 2007
- views: 65784
- author: jeflisboa
Vimeo results:
2:25
Welcome to Fontevraud
Fontevraud Abbey is a religious building hosting a cultural centre and situated in the Lo...
published: 31 Mar 2011
author: Francis Cutter
Welcome to Fontevraud
Fontevraud Abbey is a religious building hosting a cultural centre and situated in the Loire Valley (France), an Unesco World Heritage Site.
Today the Fontevraud Abbey invite young artists ( here dancer & motion designers ) to reappropriate this historical place through their discipline.
Created with After Effect and Photoshop with vanishing point tool and camera projection.
Shoot on Canon 7D.
Directed by Francis Cutter & Vincent Nguyen at Ensad 2011
Choregraphy by Nick Mukoko
Music & Sound design by Nodey & Omar Tryana
VFX art & technical crew : Naïmé Perrette & Pierre-Yves Dougnac
Photographer: Natalianne Boucher
Contact & Info: fran6cutter[at]gmail[dot]com
www.franciscutter.com
4:39
ZOO YORK PRESENTS: THE CHAZ ORTIZ VIDEO
ZOO YORK proudly presents, The Chaz Ortiz Video. Filmed in 10 months between October 2011 ...
published: 10 Jul 2012
author: ZOO YORK
ZOO YORK PRESENTS: THE CHAZ ORTIZ VIDEO
ZOO YORK proudly presents, The Chaz Ortiz Video. Filmed in 10 months between October 2011 to July 2012. Shot on location in Chicago, Atlanta, Boston, Miami, New York City and more.
Chaz has been a part of the ZOO YORK family since he was nine years old. True to the heritage of ZOO, our boy holds it down in the streets.
Watch for B-sides, second angles and behind-the-scenes footage dropping soon.
http://zooyork.com/
4:46
HRE Wheels: The Birth of the Vintage Series
Inspired by the wheels of HRE’s history in the wheel manufacturing business, the Vintage S...
published: 07 Feb 2012
author: StanceWorks
HRE Wheels: The Birth of the Vintage Series
Inspired by the wheels of HRE’s history in the wheel manufacturing business, the Vintage Series is a contemporary take on the classic wheels from an era we all love.
Find a quiet spot and turn up your volume!
Check out our full article here!
http://www.stanceworks.com/2012/02/hre-wheels-birth-vintage-series/
3:43
Superheroes of Stoke Trailer
MSP is proud to bring you the most eagerly awaited ski film of the last two decades. “SUPE...
published: 30 Jul 2012
author: MSP Films
Superheroes of Stoke Trailer
MSP is proud to bring you the most eagerly awaited ski film of the last two decades. “SUPERHEROES OF STOKE” celebrates MSP’s heritage and 20 years of skiing progression, showcasing icons of the sport and honoring the moments that helped define modern freeskiing. This awe-inspiring new film takes a captivating look at the past, present, and future of freeskiing through comprehensive storytelling and engaging first-person perspectives from those who helped change the game. Throughout the film, MSP honors the heroes who have emerged over the years and pays tribute to the heroes who have been lost. “SUPERHEROES OF STOKE” showcases incredible new action from all corners of the globe, encompassing overhead powder at Chatter Creek, massive spine walls in Alaska’s Tordrillo Mountains, pillow lines and tree jibs in Japan, and massive man-made features at Whistler and Alyeska.
Starring an elite class of superheroes, including: Mark Abma, James Heim, Ingrid Backstrom, Riley Leboe, Russ Henshaw, Eric Hjorleifson, Gus Kenworthy, Richard Permin, PK Hunder, Sean Pettit, Michelle Parker, Cody Townsend, Jacob Wester, Aidan Sheahan, Logan Pehota, Leo Ahrens, and Sam Anthamatten. Also featuring legendary cameos from earlier generations of the MSP universe: Shane McConkey, Seth Morrison, Wendy Fisher, JP Auclair, Mike Douglas, CR Johnson, Tanner Hall, Eric Pollard, Hugo Harrisson, Sarah Burke, and many more.
Youtube results:
4:31
Heritage Singers - The Power Of Praise 35 aniversario
WwW.DJPraise.tk
Heritage Singers - The Power Of Praise el poder de la alabanza 35 aniversa...
published: 10 Sep 2007
author: jeflisboa
Heritage Singers - The Power Of Praise 35 aniversario
WwW.DJPraise.tk
Heritage Singers - The Power Of Praise el poder de la alabanza 35 aniversario
Edit Julio 2007
- published: 10 Sep 2007
- views: 29715
- author: jeflisboa
1:40
Natural Heritage - Plitvice Lakes National Park /winter/
Due to the natural beauty of the waterfalls, cascades, caves and rocks, which offer a beau...
published: 22 Nov 2011
author: croatia
Natural Heritage - Plitvice Lakes National Park /winter/
Due to the natural beauty of the waterfalls, cascades, caves and rocks, which offer a beautiful mosaic of colours, sounds and shapes surrounded by high mountain forest terrain, Plitvice lakes and its surroundings were in 1949 declared a National Park, and since 1979 have been under the UNESCO protection. The park is open year round, and is most pleasant to visit during the summer months, but the winter months also leave visitors breath taken when they see the frozen waterfalls.
- published: 22 Nov 2011
- views: 6870
- author: croatia
Vimeo results:
2:25
Welcome to Fontevraud
Fontevraud Abbey is a religious building hosting a cultural centre and situated in the Lo...
published: 31 Mar 2011
author: Francis Cutter
Welcome to Fontevraud
Fontevraud Abbey is a religious building hosting a cultural centre and situated in the Loire Valley (France), an Unesco World Heritage Site.
Today the Fontevraud Abbey invite young artists ( here dancer & motion designers ) to reappropriate this historical place through their discipline.
Created with After Effect and Photoshop with vanishing point tool and camera projection.
Shoot on Canon 7D.
Directed by Francis Cutter & Vincent Nguyen at Ensad 2011
Choregraphy by Nick Mukoko
Music & Sound design by Nodey & Omar Tryana
VFX art & technical crew : Naïmé Perrette & Pierre-Yves Dougnac
Photographer: Natalianne Boucher
Contact & Info: fran6cutter[at]gmail[dot]com
www.franciscutter.com
4:39
ZOO YORK PRESENTS: THE CHAZ ORTIZ VIDEO
ZOO YORK proudly presents, The Chaz Ortiz Video. Filmed in 10 months between October 2011 ...
published: 10 Jul 2012
author: ZOO YORK
ZOO YORK PRESENTS: THE CHAZ ORTIZ VIDEO
ZOO YORK proudly presents, The Chaz Ortiz Video. Filmed in 10 months between October 2011 to July 2012. Shot on location in Chicago, Atlanta, Boston, Miami, New York City and more.
Chaz has been a part of the ZOO YORK family since he was nine years old. True to the heritage of ZOO, our boy holds it down in the streets.
Watch for B-sides, second angles and behind-the-scenes footage dropping soon.
http://zooyork.com/
4:46
HRE Wheels: The Birth of the Vintage Series
Inspired by the wheels of HRE’s history in the wheel manufacturing business, the Vintage S...
published: 07 Feb 2012
author: StanceWorks
HRE Wheels: The Birth of the Vintage Series
Inspired by the wheels of HRE’s history in the wheel manufacturing business, the Vintage Series is a contemporary take on the classic wheels from an era we all love.
Find a quiet spot and turn up your volume!
Check out our full article here!
http://www.stanceworks.com/2012/02/hre-wheels-birth-vintage-series/
3:43
Superheroes of Stoke Trailer
MSP is proud to bring you the most eagerly awaited ski film of the last two decades. “SUPE...
published: 30 Jul 2012
author: MSP Films
Superheroes of Stoke Trailer
MSP is proud to bring you the most eagerly awaited ski film of the last two decades. “SUPERHEROES OF STOKE” celebrates MSP’s heritage and 20 years of skiing progression, showcasing icons of the sport and honoring the moments that helped define modern freeskiing. This awe-inspiring new film takes a captivating look at the past, present, and future of freeskiing through comprehensive storytelling and engaging first-person perspectives from those who helped change the game. Throughout the film, MSP honors the heroes who have emerged over the years and pays tribute to the heroes who have been lost. “SUPERHEROES OF STOKE” showcases incredible new action from all corners of the globe, encompassing overhead powder at Chatter Creek, massive spine walls in Alaska’s Tordrillo Mountains, pillow lines and tree jibs in Japan, and massive man-made features at Whistler and Alyeska.
Starring an elite class of superheroes, including: Mark Abma, James Heim, Ingrid Backstrom, Riley Leboe, Russ Henshaw, Eric Hjorleifson, Gus Kenworthy, Richard Permin, PK Hunder, Sean Pettit, Michelle Parker, Cody Townsend, Jacob Wester, Aidan Sheahan, Logan Pehota, Leo Ahrens, and Sam Anthamatten. Also featuring legendary cameos from earlier generations of the MSP universe: Shane McConkey, Seth Morrison, Wendy Fisher, JP Auclair, Mike Douglas, CR Johnson, Tanner Hall, Eric Pollard, Hugo Harrisson, Sarah Burke, and many more.
photo: AP / Jerome Delay
25 Nov 2012
Joseph Kabila, president of the Democratic Republic of Congo, has held direct talks with the leader of the M23 rebels in Uganda, hours after a regional summit called on them to end their offensive in the east of the country. Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero, the political leader of the eastern DR Congo rebel group, said on Sunday he had an initial meeting with Kabila after the summit in the Ugandan capital, Kampala, ended on Saturday....(size: 20.0Kb)
photo: AP / Henry Griffin
26 Nov 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling "In our opinion and from our experience," declared John Kerry in 1971, "there is nothing in South Vietnam which could happen that realistically threatens the United States of America. And to attempt to justify the loss of one American life in Vietnam, Cambodia or Laos by linking such loss to the preservation of freedom..is to us the height of criminal hypocrisy..." ... The U.S....(size: 6.4Kb)
photo: AP
26 Nov 2012
This town of 19,000 nestled in an idyllic mountain pass of impossibly green pastures and golden autumn trees is on the front lines of Turkey's rapidly escalating guerrilla war. ... 4 just as a Turkish army tank rolled by. ... "The violence is getting worse. ... A woman who clings closely to her Kurdish heritage, she was forced with her family to relocate here from their rural village during the anti-PKK sweeps in the 1990s....(size: 8.8Kb)
photo: AP / Ahmed Gomaa
26 Nov 2012
Egyptian President Mohammed Mursi is due to meet meet senior judges to try and ease a crisis over the extent of his powers. A decree giving him sweeping new powers was announced on Thursday, sparking violent nationwide protests and leading to a 9% drop in Egypt's stock market. Mr Mursi said on Sunday the decree was temporary and not intended to concentrate power in his hands. ... ....(size: 2.8Kb)
New Straits/Business Times
27 Nov 2012
Badan Warisan Malaysia is calling for entries for the National Heritage Awards Year 2012/2013. The National Heritage Awards was first established as the 1999 Awards for Conservation and Heritage Development....(size: 1.1Kb)
Buffalo News
27 Nov 2012
DNA India
27 Nov 2012
While historians and heritage experts have been pleading with authorities to protect the heritage of the area, residents believe a modern building will bring in more students and hence it is good. Even as archaeologists and historians wonder if we lost pride in our heritage, a small group of people are making desperate attempts to save at least some elements of the old school, the one in which actor Rajnikanth studied....(size: 2.2Kb)
DNA India
27 Nov 2012
The discovery of the two cannons at the Metro site has once again revived concerns with regard to protecting the heritage of old Bangalore, while allowing the construction of the Metro. ... While, without any excavation, the finding of these cannons would not have been possible, the state archaeology department is planning to sensitise workers to the heritage of the area....(size: 2.8Kb)
New Straits/Business Times
27 Nov 2012
Apart from the potential to be a tourism site, Bukit Buchu could also become a fieldtrip destination for students to spur their interest in related fields like geology, geoscience and paleontology. ... And then, Parham took me to Bukit Buchu. ... He revealed that there were no specific laws in Malaysia to protect fossil sites and other geological heritage, and the only sure way of conserving them was by gazetting them as geoparks....(size: 4.0Kb)
The Guardian
27 Nov 2012
Photograph: Bob Skingle/English Heritage
While the words "glamour" and "motorway service station" rarely appear together there was a time when the Pennine Tower Restaurant, enviably located on the M6 between junctions 32 and 33, was the place to be. ... Simon Thurley, chief executive of English Heritage, said: "The motor car, like the railways before it, changed the world in which we live....(size: 4.0Kb)
The Hindu
27 Nov 2012
According to Ratish Nanda of Aga Khan Trust, it is time those living outside the basti experienced the rich cultural heritage of the place. ... They need to understand and respect the 700-year-old living cultural heritage of the basti. ... Qawwali, craft demonstrations and theatre will showcase the heritage of the place. ... A heritage walk will be flagged off by Lieutenant-Governor Tejendra Khanna on Thursday....(size: 2.6Kb)
The Miami Herald
27 Nov 2012
University School overcame arguably its biggest obstacle by beating American Heritage-Delray and stands one win away from returning to state for the second time in three seasons. ... Central Catholic might not come in with the hype or vastly talented roster American Heritage did, but the Marauders still have one of the stingiest defenses in the state....(size: 4.8Kb)
The Examiner
27 Nov 2012
“It starts with a legendary HEMI underfoot and one-of-a-kind interior and exterior styling enhancements that perfectly combine heritage, performance and value, starting under $33,000 MSRP.”
The Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price (MSRP) will be $32,990 for R/T and $36,495 for R/T Road &Track Daytona trim level models....(size: 5.1Kb)
Yahoo Daily News
27 Nov 2012
According to the UNWTO resolution, Experiencias Xcaret was selected as an example that the sustainable use of natural resources is perfectly compatible with tourism development, thus contributing to the conservation of the natural and cultural heritage of Quintana Roo....(size: 3.5Kb)
The Daily Telegraph
27 Nov 2012
“What’s less well recorded, however, are the buildings and structures that
provided the setting and infrastructure for the golden age of the motor
car.”
Dr Simon Thurley, Chief Executive of English Heritage, said: “The motor car,
like the railways before it, changed the world in which we live....(size: 15.6Kb)
The Miami Herald
27 Nov 2012
The crew of a research submarine studying artificial reefs off Miami-Dade County has discovered the mostly intact wreck of a U.S. ... Officials of the Naval History and Heritage Command in Washington, D.C., identified it as a Hellcat â rolled out starting in 1943 to counter the Japanese Zero. ... According to the Naval History and Heritage Command, 79 Hellcats were lost off Floridaâs east coast between 1943 and 1952. ... ....(size: 2.4Kb)
Review Journal
27 Nov 2012
Friday. ... to 4 p.m. Saturday. ... EXCHANGE STUDENT PROGRAM SEEKS
LOCAL REPRESENTATIVES World Heritage, a nonprofit student exchange program, is seeking volunteers to serve as area representatives. World Heritage offers qualified students from around the world between 15 and 18 the opportunity to spend a high school semester in the United States with a host family. ... For more information, call 800-888-9040 or email info@world-heritage.org. ... 3604. ... ....(size: 5.2Kb)
 |
Look up heritage in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
Heritage refers to something inherited from the past. The word has several different senses, including:
- Natural heritage, an inheritance of fauna and flora, geology, landscape and landforms, and other natural resources
- Cultural heritage, the legacy of physical artifacts and intangible attributes of a group or society: man-made heritage
- Food heritage
- Industrial heritage, monuments from industrial culture
- Tradition, customs and practices inherited from ancestors
- Virtual Heritage, an ICT work dealing with cultural heritage
- Inheritance of physical goods after the death of an individual; of the physical or non-physical things inherited
- Heredity, biological inheritance of physical characteristics
- Birthright, something inherited due to the place, time, or circumstances of someone's birth
- Kinship, the relationship between entities that share a genealogical origin
- In music
Albums:
- Heritage (Eddie Henderson album), 1976
- Heritage (Earth, Wind & Fire album), 1990
- Heritage (Astrofaes album), 2002
- Heritage (Opeth album), 2011, and the title song
The name Heritage may also refer to:
- Oliver Heritage Magazine
- Heritage (film), a 1935 film directed by Charles Chauvel
- Heritage (Doctor Who), a novel in the BBC Books series
- The Heritage Foundation, a conservative think tank located in Washington, D.C.
- Heritage Day (disambiguation)
- Heritage Guitars, a boutique guitar manufacturer, separated from Gibson
- Heritage New Hampshire, a museum companion to the New Hampshire theme park Story Land
- Heritage Records (Australia), a 1960s Australian record label
- Heritage (Armenia), a liberal political party in Armenia
- Heritage Party (Zambia), a political party in Zambia
- Héritage, a defunct supermarket retailer based in Quebec, Canada
- Heritage, vintage light rail urban train operation
- Heritage Auctions, an auction House in Dallas
See also[link]
- List of heritage registers
- The Heritage (disambiguation)
- World Heritage Site
- Heritage College (disambiguation)
- Heritage Christian University
- English Heritage
- Heritage Foundation of Newfoundland and Labrador
- Heritage tourism
- Heritage Institute of Technology, Kolkata
- Heritage Fleet (Amtrak)
- Heritage Foods
- Heritage High School (disambiguation)
 |
This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. |
http://wn.com/Heritage
Related pages:
http://de.wn.com/Heritage (Begriffsklärung)
http://nl.wn.com/Heritage
http://pt.wn.com/Heritage
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heritage
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's fictional detective. For other uses, see Sherlock Holmes (disambiguation).
| Sherlock Holmes | |
|---|---|
| Sherlock Holmes character | |
 Sherlock Holmes in a 1904 illustration by Sidney Paget |
|
| First appearance | A Study in Scarlet |
| Created by | Arthur Conan Doyle |
| Information | |
| Gender | Male |
| Occupation | Consulting detective |
| Family | Mycroft Holmes (brother) |
| Nationality | British |
Sherlock Holmes ( /ˈʃɜrlɒk ˈhoʊmz/)[1] is a fictional detective created by Scottish author and physician Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. The fantastic London-based "consulting detective", Holmes is famous for his astute logical reasoning, his ability to adopt almost any disguise, and his use of forensic science skills to solve difficult cases.
Holmes, who first appeared in publication in 1887, was featured in four novels and 56 short stories. The first novel, A Study in Scarlet, appeared in Beeton's Christmas Annual in 1887 and the second, The Sign of the Four, in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine in 1890. The character grew tremendously in popularity with the first series of short stories in Strand Magazine, beginning with A Scandal in Bohemia in 1891; further series of short stories and two novels published in serial form appeared between then and 1927. The stories cover a period from around 1880 up to 1914.
All but four stories are narrated by Holmes's friend and biographer, Dr. John H. Watson; two are narrated by Holmes himself ("The Blanched Soldier" and "The Lion's Mane") and two others are written in the third person ("The Mazarin Stone" and "His Last Bow"). In two stories ("The Musgrave Ritual" and "The Gloria Scott"), Holmes tells Watson the main story from his memories, while Watson becomes the narrator of the frame story. The first and fourth novels, A Study in Scarlet and The Valley of Fear, each include a long interval of omniscient narration recounting events unknown to either Holmes or Watson.
Contents |
Inspiration for the character of Holmes[link]
Doyle said that the character of Sherlock Holmes was inspired by Dr. Joseph Bell, for whom Doyle had worked as a clerk at the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary. Like Holmes, Bell was noted for drawing large conclusions from the smallest observations.[2] Sir Henry Littlejohn, Lecturer on Forensic Medicine and Public Health at the Royal College of Surgeons, is also cited as a source for Holmes. Littlejohn served as Police Surgeon and Medical Officer of Health of Edinburgh, providing for Doyle a link between medical investigation and the detection of crime.[3]
Life[link]
Early life[link]
Explicit details about Sherlock Holmes's life outside of the adventures recorded by Dr. Watson are few and far between in Conan Doyle's original stories; nevertheless, incidental details about his early life and extended families portray a loose biographical picture of the detective.
An estimate of Holmes's age in the story "His Last Bow" places his birth in 1854; the story is set in August 1914 and he is described as being 60 years of age. Commonly, the date is cited as 6 January.[4] However, an argument for a later birthdate is posited by author Laurie R. King, based on two of Conan Doyle's stories: A Study in Scarlet and "The Gloria Scott" Adventure. Certain details in "The Gloria Scott" Adventure indicate Holmes finished his second and final year at university in either 1880 or 1885. Watson's own account of his wounding in the Second Afghan War and subsequent return to England in A Study in Scarlet place his moving in with Holmes in either early 1881 or 1882. Together, these suggest Holmes left university in 1880; if he began university at the age of 17, his birth year would likely be 1861.[5]
Holmes states that he first developed his methods of deduction while an undergraduate. The author Dorothy L. Sayers suggested that, given details in two of the Adventures, Holmes must have been at Cambridge rather than Oxford and that "of all the Cambridge colleges, Sidney Sussex (College) perhaps offered the greatest number of advantages to a man in Holmes's position and, in default of more exact information, we may tentatively place him there".[6]
His earliest cases, which he pursued as an amateur, came from fellow university students.[7] According to Holmes, it was an encounter with the father of one of his classmates that led him to take up detection as a profession,[8] and he spent the six years following university working as a consulting detective, before financial difficulties led him to take Watson as a roommate, at which point the narrative of the stories begins.
From 1881, Holmes was described as having lodgings at 221B, Baker Street, London, from where he runs his consulting detective service. 221B is an apartment up 17 steps, stated in an early manuscript to be at the "upper end" of the road. Until the arrival of Dr. Watson, Holmes worked alone, only occasionally employing agents from the city's underclass, including a host of informants and a group of street children he calls "the Baker Street Irregulars". The Irregulars appear in three stories: "A Study in Scarlet," "The Sign of the Four," and "The Adventure of the Crooked Man".
Little is said of Holmes's family. His parents were unmentioned in the stories and he merely states that his ancestors were "country squires". In "The Adventure of the Greek Interpreter", Holmes claims that his great-uncle was Vernet, the French artist. His brother, Mycroft, seven years his senior, is a government official who appears in three stories[9] and is mentioned in one other story.[10] Mycroft has a unique civil service position as a kind of memory-man or walking database for all aspects of government policy. Mycroft is described as even more gifted than Sherlock in matters of observation and deduction, but he lacks Sherlock's drive and energy, preferring to spend his time at ease in the Diogenes Club, described as "a club for the most un-clubbable men in London".
Life with Dr. Watson[link]
Holmes shares the majority of his professional years with his good friend and chronicler Dr. John H. Watson, who lives with Holmes for some time before his marriage in 1887, and again after his wife's death. Their residence is maintained by the landlady, Mrs. Hudson.
Watson has two roles in Holmes's life. First, he gives practical assistance in the conduct of his cases; he is the detective's right-hand man, acting variously as look-out, decoy, accomplice and messenger. Second, he is Holmes's chronicler (his "Boswell" as Holmes refers to him). Most of the Holmes stories are frame narratives, written from Watson's point of view as summaries of the detective's most interesting cases. Holmes is often described as criticising Watson's writings as sensational and populist, suggesting that they neglect to accurately and objectively report the pure calculating "science" of his craft.
Detection is, or ought to be, an exact science and should be treated in the same cold and unemotional manner. You have attempted to tinge it ["A Study in Scarlet"] with romanticism, which produces much the same effect as if you worked a love-story ... Some facts should be suppressed, or, at least, a just sense of proportion should be observed in treating them. The only point in the case which deserved mention was the curious analytical reasoning from effects to causes, by which I succeeded in unravelling it.[11]—Sherlock Holmes on John Watson's "pamphlet", The Sign of Four.
Nevertheless, Holmes's friendship with Watson is his most significant relationship. In several stories, Holmes's fondness for Watson—often hidden beneath his cold, intellectual exterior—is revealed. For instance, in "The Adventure of the Three Garridebs", Watson is wounded in a confrontation with a villain; although the bullet wound proves to be "quite superficial", Watson is moved by Holmes's reaction:
It was worth a wound; it was worth many wounds; to know the depth of loyalty and love which lay behind that cold mask. The clear, hard eyes were dimmed for a moment, and the firm lips were shaking. For the one and only time I caught a glimpse of a great heart as well as of a great brain. All my years of humble but single-minded service culminated in that moment of revelation.
In all, Holmes is described as being in active practice for 23 years, with Watson documenting his cases for 17 of them.[12]
Retirement[link]
In "His Last Bow", Holmes has retired to a small farm on the Sussex Downs in 1903–1904, as chronicled by Watson in his preface to the series of stories entitled "His Last Bow." It is here that he has taken up the hobby of beekeeping as his primary occupation, eventually producing a "Practical Handbook of Bee Culture, with some Observations upon the Segregation of the Queen". The story features Holmes and Watson coming out of retirement one last time to aid the war effort. Only one adventure, "The Adventure of the Lion's Mane", which is narrated by Holmes as he pursues the case as a civilian, takes place during the detective's retirement. The details of his death are not known.
Habits and personality[link]
Watson describes Holmes as "bohemian" in habits and lifestyle. According to Watson, Holmes is an eccentric, with no regard for contemporary standards of tidiness or good order. In The Musgrave Ritual, Watson describes Holmes thus:
Although in his methods of thought he was the neatest and most methodical of mankind ... [he] keeps his cigars in the coal-scuttle, his tobacco in the toe end of a Persian slipper, and his unanswered correspondence transfixed by a jack-knife into the very centre of his wooden mantelpiece ... He had a horror of destroying documents.... Thus month after month his papers accumulated, until every corner of the room was stacked with bundles of manuscript which were on no account to be burned, and which could not be put away save by their owner.[7]
What appears to others as chaos, however, is to Holmes a wealth of useful information. Throughout the stories, Holmes would dive into his apparent mess of random papers and artefacts, only to retrieve precisely the specific document or eclectic item he was looking for.
Watson frequently makes note of Holmes's erratic eating habits. The detective is often described as starving himself at times of intense intellectual activity, such as during "The Adventure of the Norwood Builder", wherein, according to Watson:
[Holmes] had no breakfast for himself, for it was one of his peculiarities that in his more intense moments he would permit himself no food, and I have known him to presume upon his iron strength until he has fainted from pure inanition.[13]
His chronicler does not consider Holmes's habitual use of a pipe, or his less frequent use of cigarettes and cigars, a vice. Nor does Watson condemn Holmes's willingness to bend the truth or break the law on behalf of a client (e.g., lying to the police, concealing evidence or breaking into houses) when he feels it morally justifiable.[14] Even so, it is obvious that Watson has stricter limits than Holmes, and occasionally berated Holmes for creating a "poisonous atmosphere" of tobacco smoke.[15] Holmes himself references Watson's moderation in "The Adventure of the Devil's Foot", saying, "I think, Watson, that I shall resume that course of tobacco-poisoning which you have so often and so justly condemned". Watson also did not condone Holmes's plans when they manipulated innocent people, such as when he toyed with a young woman's heart in "The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton" although it was done with noble intentions to save many other young women from the clutches of the villainous Milverton.
Holmes is portrayed as a patriot acting on behalf of the government in matters of national security in a number of stories.[16] He also carries out counter-intelligence work in His Last Bow, set at the beginning of the First World War. As shooting practice, the detective adorned the wall of his Baker Street lodgings with "VR" (Victoria Regina) in bullet pocks made by his pistol.[7]
Holmes has an ego that at times borders on arrogant, albeit with justification; he draws pleasure from baffling police inspectors with his superior deductions. He does not seek fame, however, and is usually content to allow the police to take public credit for his work. It is often only when Watson publishes his stories that Holmes's role in the case becomes apparent.[17] Because of newspaper articles and Watson's stories, however, Holmes is well known as a detective, and many clients ask for his help instead of or alongside the police.[18]
Holmes is pleased when he is recognised for having superior skills and responds to flattery, as Watson remarks, as a girl does to comments upon her beauty.
Holmes's demeanour is presented as dispassionate and cold. Yet when in the midst of an adventure, Holmes can sparkle with remarkable passion. He has a flair for showmanship and will prepare elaborate traps to capture and expose a culprit, often to impress Watson or one of the Scotland Yard inspectors.[19]
Holmes is a loner and does not strive to make friends, although he values those that he has, and none higher than Watson. He attributes his solitary ways to his particular interests and his mopey disposition. In The Adventure of the Gloria Scott, he tells Watson that during two years at college, he made only one friend, Victor Trevor. Holmes says, "I was never a very sociable fellow, Watson, always rather fond of moping in my rooms and working out my own little methods of thought, so that I never mixed much with the men of my year;... my line of study was quite distinct from that of the other fellows, so that we had no points of contact at all". He is similarly described in A Study in Scarlet as difficult to draw out by young Stamford.
Holmes's emotional state and mental health have been a topic of analysis for decades. At their first meeting in A Study in Scarlet, the detective warns Watson that he gets "in the dumps at times" and doesn't open his "mouth for days on end". Many readers and literary experts[citation needed] have suggested Holmes showed signs of manic depression, with moments of intense enthusiasm coupled with instances of indolent self absorption. Other modern readers have speculated that Holmes may have Asperger's syndrome based on his intense attention to details, lack of interest in interpersonal relationships and tendency to speak in long monologues.[20] The detective's isolation and near-gynophobic distrust of women is said to suggest the desire to escape; Holmes "biographer" William Baring-Gould and others, including Nicholas Meyer, author of the Seven Percent Solution, have implied a severe family trauma (i.e., the murder of Holmes's mother) may be the root cause.
Personal hygiene[link]
Holmes is described in The Hound of the Baskervilles as having a "cat-like" love of personal cleanliness. This in no way appears to hinder his intensely practical pursuit of his profession, however, and appears in contrast with statements that, in the first Holmes story, A Study in Scarlet, his hands are discoloured with acid stains and Holmes uses drops of his own blood to conduct experiments in chemistry and forensics.
Use of drugs[link]
Holmes occasionally uses addictive drugs, especially when lacking stimulating cases. He believes the use of cocaine stimulates his brain when it is not in use. He is a habitual user of cocaine, which he injects in a seven-per-cent solution using a special syringe that he keeps in a leather case. Holmes is also an occasional user of morphine but expressed strong disapproval on visiting an opium den. These drugs were legal in late 19th-century England. Both Watson and Holmes are serial tobacco users, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes. Holmes is expert at identifying tobacco-ash residues, having penned a monograph on the subject.
Dr. Watson strongly disapproves of his friend's cocaine habit, describing it as the detective's "only vice" and expressing concern over its possible effect on Holmes's mental health and superior intellect.[21][22] In later stories, Watson claims to have "weaned" Holmes off drugs. Even so, according to his doctor friend, Holmes remains an addict whose habit is "not dead, but merely sleeping".[23]
Financial affairs[link]
Although he initially needed Watson to share the rent of his comfortable residence at 221B Baker Street, Watson reveals in "The Adventure of the Dying Detective", when Holmes was living alone, that "I have no doubt that the house might have been purchased at the price which Holmes paid for his rooms," suggesting he had developed a good income from his practice, although it is seldom revealed exactly how much he charges for his services. In "A Scandal in Bohemia", he is paid the staggering sum of one thousand pounds (300 in gold and 700 in notes) as advance payment for "present expenses". In "The Problem of Thor Bridge" he avers: "My professional charges are upon a fixed scale. I do not vary them, save when I remit them altogether".[24]
This is said in a context where a client is offering to double his fees; however, it is likely that rich clients provided Holmes a remuneration greatly in excess of his standard fee. For example, in "The Adventure of the Final Problem", Holmes states that his services to the government of France and the royal house of Scandinavia had left him with enough money to retire comfortably, while in "The Adventure of Black Peter", Watson notes that Holmes would refuse to help the wealthy and powerful if their cases did not interest him, while he could devote weeks at a time to the cases of the most humble clients. Holmes also tells Watson, in "A Case of Identity", of a golden snuff box received from the King of Bohemia after "A Scandal in Bohemia" and a fabulous ring from the Dutch royal family; in "The Adventure of the Bruce-Partington Plans", Holmes receives an emerald tie-pin from Queen Victoria. Other mementos of Holmes's cases are a gold sovereign from Irene Adler ("A Scandal in Bohemia") and an autographed letter of thanks from the French President and a Legion of Honour for tracking down an assassin named Huret ("The Adventure of the Golden Pince-Nez"). In "The Adventure of the Priory School", Holmes "rubs his hands with glee" when the Duke of Holdernesse notes the 5,000 pound sterling sum, which surprises even Watson, and then pats the cheque, saying, "I am a poor man", an incident that could be dismissed as representative of Holmes's tendency toward sarcastic humour. Certainly, in the course of his career Holmes had worked for both the most powerful monarchs and governments of Europe (including his own) and various wealthy aristocrats and industrialists and had also been consulted by impoverished pawnbrokers and humble governesses on the lower rungs of society.
Holmes has been known to charge clients for his expenses, and to claim any reward that might be offered for the problem's solution: he says in "The Adventure of the Speckled Band" that Miss Stoner may pay any expenses he may be put to, and requests that the bank in "The Red-Headed League" remunerate him for the money he spent solving the case. Holmes has his wealthy banker client in "The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet" pay him for the costs of recovering the stolen gems and also claims the reward the banker had put for their recovery.
Relationships with women[link]
The only woman to impress Holmes was Irene Adler, a character introduced in "A Scandal in Bohemia" who, according to Watson, was always referred to by Holmes as "the woman". Holmes himself is never directly quoted as using this term and even mentions her name in other cases (although it is worth noting that all of the stories using Adler's name come after "A Scandal in Bohemia", which was the third tale published about Holmes and the first short story so Holmes may have shifted how he referred to Adler over time). Adler is one of the few women who are mentioned in multiple Holmes stories, appearing in person in only one.[citation needed]
In one story, "The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton," Holmes is engaged to be married, but only to gain information for his case. Although Holmes appears to show initial interest in some of his female clients (in particular, Violet Hunter in "The Adventure of the Copper Beeches"), Watson says he inevitably "manifested no further interest in the client when once she had ceased to be the centre of one of his problems". Holmes finds their youth, beauty, and energy (and the cases they bring to him) invigorating, distinct from any romantic interest. These episodes show Holmes possesses a degree of charm; yet apart from the case of Adler, there is no indication of a serious or long-term interest. Watson states that Holmes has an "aversion to women" but "a peculiarly ingratiating way with [them]". Holmes states, "I am not a whole-souled admirer of womankind"; in fact, he finds "the motives of women... so inscrutable.... How can you build on such quicksand? Their most trivial actions may mean volumes;... their most extraordinary conduct may depend upon a hairpin".
As Doyle remarked to muse Joseph Bell, "Holmes is as inhuman as a Babbage's calculating machine and just about as likely to fall in love". The only joy Holmes derives from the company of women is the problems they bring to him to solve. In The Sign of the Four, Watson quotes Holmes as being "an automaton, a calculating machine", and Holmes is quoted as saying, "It is of the first importance not to allow your judgement to be biased by personal qualities. A client is to me a mere unit—a factor in a problem. The emotional qualities are antagonistic to clear reasoning. I assure you that the most winning woman I ever knew was hanged for poisoning three little children for their insurance-money". This points to Holmes's lack of interest in relationships with women in general, and clients in particular, leading Watson to remark that "there is something positively inhuman in you at times". At the end of "The Adventure of the Devil's Foot", Holmes states: "I have never loved, Watson, but if I did and if the woman I loved had met such an end, I might act as our lawless lion-hunter had done." In the story, the explorer Dr Sterndale had killed the man who murdered his beloved, Brenda Tregennis, to exact a revenge which the law could not provide. Watson writes in "The Adventure of the Dying Detective" that Mrs. Hudson is fond of Holmes in her own way, despite his bothersome eccentricities as a lodger, owing to his "remarkable gentleness and courtesy in his dealings with women". Again in The Sign of the Four, Watson quotes Holmes as saying, "I would not tell them too much. Women are never to be entirely trusted—not the best of them." Watson notes that while he dislikes and distrusts them, he is nonetheless a "chivalrous opponent".
Methods of detection[link]
Holmesian deduction[link]
Holmes's primary intellectual detection method is abductive reasoning,[25][26]. "From a drop of water", he writes, "a logician could infer the possibility of an Atlantic or a Niagara without having seen or heard of one or the other".[27] Holmes stories often begin with a bravura display of his talent for "deduction". It is of some interest to logicians and those interested in logic to try to analyse just what Holmes is doing when he performs his "deductions." "Holmesian deduction" appears to consist primarily of drawing inferences based on either straightforward practical principles—which are the result of careful observation, such as Holmes's study of different kinds of cigar ashes—or inference to the best explanation.[25][28][29] One quote often heard from Holmes is "When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth".
Sherlock Holmes's straightforward practical principles are generally of the form, "If 'p', then 'q'," where 'p' is observed evidence and 'q' is what the evidence indicates. But there are also, as may be observed in the following example, intermediate principles. In "A Scandal in Bohemia" Holmes deduces that Watson had got very wet lately and that he had "a most clumsy and careless servant girl". When Watson, in amazement, asks how Holmes knows this, Holmes answers:
It is simplicity itself ... My eyes tell me that on the inside of your left shoe, just where the firelight strikes it, the leather is scored by six almost parallel cuts. Obviously they have been caused by someone who has very carelessly scraped round the edges of the sole in order to remove crusted mud from it. Hence, you see, my double deduction that you had been out in vile weather, and that you had a particularly malignant boot-slitting specimen of the London slavey.
In this case, Holmes employed several connected principles:
- If leather on the side of a shoe is scored by several parallel cuts, it was caused by someone who scraped around the edges of the sole in order to remove crusted mud.
- If a London doctor's shoes are scraped to remove crusted mud, the person who so scraped them is the doctor's servant girl.
- If someone cuts a shoe while scraping it to remove encrusted mud, that person is clumsy and careless.
- If someone's shoes had encrusted mud on them, then they are likely to have been worn by him in the rain, when it is likely he became very wet.
By applying such principles in an obvious way (using repeated applications of modus ponens), Holmes is able to infer from his observation that "the sides of Watson's shoes are scored by several parallel cuts" that:
"Watson's servant girl is clumsy and careless" and "Watson has been very wet lately and has been out in vile weather".
Deductive reasoning allows Holmes to impressively reveal a stranger's occupation, such as a Retired Sergeant of Marines in A Study in Scarlet; a former ship's carpenter turned pawnbroker in "The Red-Headed League"; and a billiard-marker and a retired artillery NCO in "The Adventure of the Greek Interpreter". Similarly, by studying inanimate objects, Holmes is able to make astonishingly detailed deductions about their owners, including Watson's pocket-watch in "The Sign of the Four" as well as a hat,[30] a pipe,[31] and a walking stick[32] in other stories.
Yet Doyle is careful not to present Holmes as infallible—a central theme in "The Adventure of the Yellow Face".[31] At the end of the tale a sobered Holmes tells Watson, “If it should ever strike you that I am getting a little over-confident in my powers, or giving less pains to a case than it deserves, kindly whisper ‘Norbury’ in my ear, and I shall be infinitely obliged to you”.
Disguise[link]
Holmes displays a strong aptitude for acting and disguise. In several stories, he adopts disguises to gather evidence while 'under cover' so convincing that even Watson fails to penetrate them, such as in "The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton", "The Man with the Twisted Lip", "The Adventure of the Empty House" and "A Scandal in Bohemia". In other adventures, Holmes feigns being wounded or ill to give effect to his case, or to incriminate those involved, as in "The Adventure of the Dying Detective" and "A Scandal in Bohemia".
Weapons and martial arts[link]
- Pistols
Holmes and Watson carry pistols with them in the case of Watson often his old service revolver—a Mk II Adams Revolver, as was issued to British troops in the 1870s.[33] Watson describes these weapons as being used on seven occasions: in The Sign of the Four, they both fire at the Andaman Islander. In The Hound of the Baskervilles, both Holmes and Watson fire. In "The Adventure of the Copper Beeches", Watson fires at and kills the mastiff. In "The Adventure of the Empty House", Watson pistol-whips Colonel Sebastian Moran. In "The Adventure of the Three Garridebs", Holmes pistol-whips Killer Evans after Watson is shot. In "The Musgrave Ritual", it is revealed that Holmes decorated the wall of their flat with a patriotic "V.R." done in bullet marks. In "The Problem of Thor Bridge", Holmes uses Watson's revolver in a reconstruction of the crime. The following revolvers have been connected with Holmes and Watson:
- A Webley Bulldog (carried by Holmes)[33]
- A Webley RIC[33]
- Cane
Holmes, as a gentleman, often carries a stick or cane. He is described by Watson as an expert at singlestick and twice uses his cane as a weapon.[34]
- Sword
In "A Study in Scarlet" Watson describes Holmes as an expert with a sword—although none of the stories have Holmes using a sword.[35] It is mentioned in "Gloria Scott" that Holmes practised fencing.
- Riding crop
In several stories, Holmes appears equipped with a riding crop and in "A Case of Identity" comes close to thrashing a swindler with it. Using a "hunting crop", Holmes knocks a pistol from John Clay's hand in "The Red-Headed League". In "The Six Napoleons" it is described as his favourite weapon—he uses it to break open one of the plaster busts.
- Fist-fighting
Holmes is described as a formidable bare-knuckle fighter. In The Sign of the Four, Holmes introduces himself to a prize-fighter as:
"The amateur who fought three rounds with you at Alison's rooms on the night of your benefit four years back". McMurdo responds by saying, "Ah, you're one that has wasted your gifts, you have! You might have aimed high, if you had joined the fancy".
Holmes engages in hand-to-hand combat with his adversaries on occasions throughout the stories, inevitably emerging the victor.[36] It is mentioned also in "Gloria Scott" that Holmes trained as a boxer, and in "The Yellow Face" Watson comments that "he was undoubtedly one of the finest boxers of his weight that I have ever seen."
- Martial arts
In "The Adventure of the Empty House", Holmes recounts to Watson how he used martial arts to overcome Professor Moriarty and fling his adversary to his death down the Reichenbach Falls. He states, "I have some knowledge, however, of baritsu, or the Japanese system of wrestling, which has more than once been very useful to me". The name "baritsu" appears to be a reference to the real-life martial art of Bartitsu, which combined jujitsu with Holmes's canonical skills of boxing and cane fencing.
- Physical Condition
In several stories, Holmes is described or demonstrated as having above average physical strength. As an example, in "The Adventure of the Speckled Band", Dr. Roylott, 6 feet tall and wide as a doorframe, demonstrates his strength by bending a fire poker in half. After the Doctor leaves, Holmes "said laughing. 'I am not quite so bulky, but if he had remained I might have shown him that my grip was not much more feeble than his own.' As he spoke he picked up the steel poker and, with a sudden effort, straightened it out again." In "The Yellow Face" Watson comments of Holmes, that "Few men were capable of greater muscular effort."
Knowledge and skills[link]
In the first story, A Study in Scarlet, something of Holmes's background is given. In early 1881, he is presented as an independent student of chemistry with a variety of very curious side interests, almost all of which turn out to be single-mindedly bent towards making him superior at solving crimes. (When he appears for the first time, he is crowing with delight at having invented a new method for detecting bloodstains; in other stories he indulges in recreational home-chemistry experiments, sometimes filling the rooms with foul-smelling vapours.) An early story, "The Adventure of the Gloria Scott", presents more background on what influenced Holmes to become a detective: a college friend's father richly complimented his deductive skills. Holmes maintains strict adherence to scientific methods and focuses on logic and the powers of observation and deduction.
Holmes also makes use of phrenology, which was widely popular in Victorian times but now regarded as pseudo-scientific: In "The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle", he infers from the large size of a man's hat that the owner is intelligent and intellectually inclined, on the grounds that “a man with so large a brain must have something in it”.
In A Study in Scarlet, Holmes claims he does not know that the Earth revolves around the Sun, as such information is irrelevant to his work. Directly after having heard that fact from Watson, he says he will immediately try to forget it. He says he believes that the mind has a finite capacity for information storage, and so learning useless things would merely reduce his ability to learn useful things. Dr. Watson subsequently assesses Holmes's abilities thus:
Knowledge of Literature – nil.
Knowledge of Philosophy – nil.
Knowledge of Astronomy – nil.
Knowledge of Politics – Feeble.
Knowledge of Botany – Variable. Well up in belladonna, opium and poisons generally. Knows nothing of practical gardening.
Knowledge of Geology – Practical, but limited. Tells at a glance different soils from each other. After walks, has shown me splashes upon his trousers, and told me by their colour and consistence in what part of London he had received them.
Knowledge of Chemistry – Profound.
Knowledge of Anatomy – Accurate, but unsystematic.
Knowledge of Sensational Literature – Immense. He appears to know every detail of every horror perpetrated in the century.
Plays the violin well.
Is an expert singlestick player, boxer and swordsman.
Has a good practical knowledge of British law.
loves chess
At the very end of A Study in Scarlet itself, it is shown that Holmes knows Latin and needs no translation of Roman epigrams in the original—though knowledge of the language would be of dubious direct utility for detective work, all university students were required to learn Latin at that time.
Later stories also contradict the list. Despite Holmes's supposed ignorance of politics, in "A Scandal in Bohemia" he immediately recognises the true identity of the supposed "Count von Kramm". Regarding nonsensational literature, his speech is replete with references to the Bible, Shakespeare, even Goethe. He is able to quote from a letter of Flaubert to George Sand and in the original French. Indeed, in The Hound of the Baskervilles, Holmes is able to recognise works by Martin Knoller and Joshua Reynolds as such, saying, "Excuse the admiration of a connoisseur....Watson won't allow that I know anything of art, but that is mere jealousy, since our views upon the subject differ." He goes on to explain, "I know what is good when I see it."
Moreover, in "The Adventure of the Bruce-Partington Plans" Watson reports that in November 1895 "Holmes lost himself in a monograph which he had undertaken upon the Polyphonic Motets of Lassus"—a most esoteric field, for which Holmes would have had to "clutter his memory" with an enormous amount of information which had absolutely nothing to do with crime-fighting—knowledge so extensive that his monograph was regarded as "the last word" on the subject.[37] The later stories abandon the notion that Holmes did not want to know anything unless it had immediate relevance for his profession; in the second chapter of The Valley of Fear, Holmes instead declares that "all knowledge comes useful to the detective", and near the end of "The Adventure of the Lion's Mane" he describes himself as "an omnivorous reader with a strangely retentive memory for trifles".
Holmes is also a competent cryptanalyst. He relates to Watson, "I am fairly familiar with all forms of secret writing, and am myself the author of a trifling monograph upon the subject, in which I analyse one hundred and sixty separate ciphers". One such scheme is solved using frequency analysis in "The Adventure of the Dancing Men".
Holmes's analysis of physical evidence is both scientific and precise. His methods include the use of latent prints such as footprints, hoof prints and bicycle tracks to identify actions at a crime scene (A Study in Scarlet, "The Adventure of Silver Blaze", "The Adventure of the Priory School", The Hound of the Baskervilles, "The Boscombe Valley Mystery"), the use of tobacco ashes and cigarette butts to identify criminals ("The Adventure of the Resident Patient", The Hound of the Baskervilles), the comparison of typewritten letters to expose a fraud ("A Case of Identity"), the use of gunpowder residue to expose two murderers ("The Adventure of the Reigate Squire"), bullet comparison from two crime scenes ("The Adventure of the Empty House"), analysis of small pieces of human remains to expose two murders (The Adventure of the Cardboard Box) and even an early use of fingerprints ("The Norwood Builder"). Holmes also demonstrates knowledge of psychology in "A Scandal in Bohemia", luring Irene Adler into betraying where she had hidden a photograph based on the "premise" that an unmarried woman will seek her most valuable possession in case of fire, whereas a married woman will grab her baby instead.
Despite the excitement of his life (or perhaps seeking to leave it behind), Holmes retired to the Sussex Downs to take up beekeeping ("The Second Stain") and wrote a book on the subject entitled "Practical Handbook of Bee Culture, with Some Observations upon the Segregation of the Queen".[38] His search for relaxation can also be seen in his love for music, notably in "The Red-Headed League", wherein Holmes takes an evening off from a case to listen to Pablo de Sarasate play violin.[citation needed]
He also enjoys vocal music, particularly Wagner ("The Adventure of the Red Circle").
The film Young Sherlock Holmes (1985), which speculates about Holmes's youthful adventures, shows Holmes as a brilliant secondary school student, being mentored simultaneously by an eccentric professor/inventor and his dedicated fencing instructor.
Influence[link]
Forensic science[link]
Sherlock Holmes remains a great inspiration for forensic science, especially for the way his acute study of a crime scene yields small clues as to the precise sequence of events. He makes great use of trace evidence such as shoe and tire impressions, as well as fingerprints, ballistics and handwriting analysis, now known as questioned document examination. Such evidence is used to test theories conceived by the police, for example, or by the investigator himself. All of the techniques advocated by Holmes later became reality, but were generally in their infancy at the time Conan Doyle was writing. In many of his reported cases, Holmes frequently complains of the way the crime scene has been contaminated by others, especially by the police, emphasising the critical importance of maintaining its integrity, a now well-known feature of crime scene examination.
Owing to the small scale of the trace evidence (such as tobacco ash, hair or fingerprints), he often uses a magnifying glass at the scene, and an optical microscope back at his lodgings in Baker Street. He uses analytical chemistry for blood residue analysis as well as toxicology examination and determination for poisons. Holmes seems to have maintained a small chemistry laboratory in his lodgings, presumably using simple wet chemical methods for detection of specific toxins, for example. Ballistics is used when spent bullets can be recovered, and their calibre measured and matched with a suspect murder weapon.
Holmes was also very perceptive of the dress and attitude of his clients and suspects, noting style and state of wear of their clothes, any contamination (such as clay on boots), their state of mind and physical condition in order to infer their origin and recent history. Skin marks such as tattoos could reveal much about their history. He applied the same method to personal items such as walking sticks (famously in The Hound of the Baskervilles) or hats (in the case of The Blue Carbuncle), with small details such as medallions, wear and contamination yielding vital indicators of their absent owners.
An omission from the stories is the use of forensic photography. Even before Holmes's time, high quality photography was used to record accident scenes, as in the Tay Bridge disaster of 1879 and the Jack the Ripper murders in 1888.
In 2002, the Royal Society of Chemistry bestowed an honorary fellowship of their organisation upon Sherlock Holmes,[39] for his use of forensic science and analytical chemistry in popular literature, making him the only (as of 2010) fictional character to be thus honoured.
Role in the history of the detective story[link]
Although Sherlock Holmes is not the original fiction detective (he was influenced by Edgar Allan Poe's C. Auguste Dupin and Émile Gaboriau's Monsieur Lecoq, for both of whom the character openly expressed disdain or contempt), his name has become a byword for the part. His stories also include several detective story characters such as the loyal but less intelligent assistant, a role for which Dr Watson has become the archetype. The investigating detective became a popular genre with many authors such as Agatha Christie and Dorothy Sayers after the demise of Holmes, with characters such as Hercule Poirot and Lord Peter Wimsey. Forensic methods became less important than the psychology of the criminal, despite the strong growth in forensics in use by the police in the early 20th century.
Scientific literature[link]
Sherlock Holmes has occasionally been used in the scientific literature. John Radford (1999)[40] speculates on his intelligence. Using Conan Doyle’s stories as data, Radford applies three different methods to estimate Sherlock Holmes’s IQ, and concludes that his intelligence was very high indeed, estimated at approximately 190 points. Snyder (2004)[41] examines Holmes’s methods in the light of the science and the criminology of the mid to late 19th century. Kempster (2006)[42] compares neurologists’ skills with those displayed by Holmes. Finally, Didierjean and Gobet (2008)[43] reviewed the literature on the psychology of expertise by taking as model a fictional expert: Sherlock Holmes. They highlighted aspects of Doyle’s books that are in line with what is currently known about expertise, aspects that are implausible, and aspects that suggest further research.
Legacy[link]
Fan speculation[link]
Main article: Sherlock Holmes speculation
The fifty-six short stories and four novels written by Conan Doyle are termed the "canon" by Sherlock Holmes fans. Early scholars of the canon included Ronald Knox[44] in Britain and Christopher Morley in New York,[45] the latter having founded the Baker Street Irregulars, the first society devoted exclusively to the canon of Holmes, in 1934.[46]
Writers have produced many pop culture references to Sherlock Holmes, Conan Doyle, or characters from the stories in homage, to a greater or lesser degree. Such allusions can form a plot development, raise the intellectual level of the piece, or act as Easter eggs for an observant audience.[47]
Some have been overt, introducing Holmes as a character in a new setting, or a more subtle allusion, such as making a logical character live in an apartment at number 221B. One well-known example of this is the character Gregory House on the show House M.D, whose name and apartment number are both references to Holmes. Often the simplest reference is to dress anybody who does some kind of detective work in a deerstalker and Inverness cape.
However, throughout the entire novel series, Holmes is never explicitly described as wearing a "deerstalker hat". Holmes dons "his ear-flapped travelling cap" in "The Adventure of Silver Blaze". Sidney Paget first drew Holmes wearing the deerstalker cap and Inverness cape in "The Boscombe Valley Mystery" and subsequently in several other stories.[citation needed]
"Elementary, my dear Watson"[link]
A third major reference is the oft-quoted but non-canonical catchphrase: "Elementary, my dear Watson". This phrase is never actually uttered by Holmes in any of the sixty Holmes stories written by Conan Doyle. In the stories, Holmes often remarks that his logical conclusions are "elementary", in that he considers them to be simple and obvious. He also, on occasion, refers to Dr. Watson as "my dear Watson". The two fragments, however, never appear together. One of the closest examples to this phrase appears in "The Adventure of the Crooked Man", when Holmes explains a deduction:
| “ | "Excellent!" I cried.
"Elementary," said he. |
” |
The first known use of this phrase was in the 1915 novel, Psmith Journalist, by P. G. Wodehouse. It also appears at the very end of the 1929 film, The Return of Sherlock Holmes, the first Sherlock Holmes sound film. William Gillette, who played Holmes on stage and radio, had previously used the similar phrase, Oh, this is elementary, my dear fellow. The phrase might owe its household familiarity to its use in Edith Meiser's scripts for The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes radio series, broadcast from 1939 to 1947.
The Great Hiatus[link]
Holmes aficionados refer to the period from 1891 to 1894—the time between Holmes's disappearance and presumed death in "The Adventure of the Final Problem" and his reappearance in "The Adventure of the Empty House"—as "the Great Hiatus".[48] It is notable, though, that one later story ("The Adventure of Wisteria Lodge") is described as taking place in 1892.
Conan Doyle wrote the first set of stories over the course of a decade. Wanting to devote more time to his historical novels, he killed off Holmes in "The Final Problem," which appeared in print in 1893. After resisting public pressure for eight years, the author wrote The Hound of the Baskervilles, which appeared in 1901, implicitly setting it before Holmes's "death" (some theorise that it actually took place after "The Return" but with Watson planting clues to an earlier date).[49][50] The public, while pleased with the story, was not satisfied with a posthumous Holmes, and so Conan Doyle revived Holmes two years later. Many have speculated on his motives for bringing Holmes back to life, notably writer-director Nicholas Meyer, who wrote an essay on the subject in the 1970s entitled "The Great Man Takes a Walk". The actual reasons are not known, other than the obvious: publishers offered to pay generously. For whatever reason, Conan Doyle continued to write Holmes stories for another 24 years.
Some writers have come up with other explanations for the hiatus. In Meyer's novel The Seven-Per-Cent Solution, the hiatus is depicted as a secret sabbatical following Holmes's treatment for cocaine addiction at the hands of Sigmund Freud, and presents Holmes making the light-hearted suggestion that Watson write a fictitious account claiming he had been killed by Moriarty, saying of the public: "They'll never believe you in any case".[citation needed]
In his memoirs, Conan Doyle quotes a reader, who judged the later stories inferior to the earlier ones, to the effect that when Holmes went over the Reichenbach Falls, he may not have been killed, but was never quite the same man. This is contradicted in part by Watson's evaluation in "The Adventure of Black Peter" that "I have never known my friend to be in better form, both mental and physical, than in the year '95," which would have been 4 years after the fall over Reichenbach Falls. The differences in the pre- and post-Hiatus Holmes have in fact created speculation among those who play "The Great Game" (making believe Sherlock Holmes was a historical person). Among the more fanciful theories, the story "The Case of the Detective's Smile" by Mark Bourne, published in the anthology Sherlock Holmes in Orbit, posits that one of the places Holmes visited during his hiatus was Alice's Wonderland. While there, he solved the case of the stolen tarts, and his experiences there contributed to his kicking the cocaine addiction.[citation needed]
Societies[link]
In 1934, the Sherlock Holmes Society, in London, and the Baker Street Irregulars, in New York were founded. Both are still active (though the Sherlock Holmes Society was dissolved in 1937 to be resuscitated only in 1951). The London-based society is one of many worldwide who arrange visits to the scenes of the Sherlock Holmes adventures, such as the Reichenbach Falls in the Swiss Alps.
The two initial societies founded in 1934 were followed by many more Holmesians circles, first of all in America (where they are called "scion societies"—offshoots—of the Baker Street Irregulars), then in England and Denmark. Nowadays, there are Sherlockian societies in many countries, such as India and Japan.[51]
Museums[link]
During the 1951 Festival of Britain, Sherlock Holmes's sitting-room was reconstructed as the masterpiece of a Sherlock Holmes Exhibition, displaying a unique collection of original material. After the 1951 exhibition closed, items were transferred to the Sherlock Holmes Pub, in London, and to the Conan Doyle Collection in Lucens (Switzerland). Both exhibitions, each including its own Baker Street Sitting-Room reconstruction, are still open to the public. In 1990, the Sherlock Holmes Museum opened in Baker Street London and the following year in Meiringen, Switzerland another museum opened; naturally, they include less historical material about Conan Doyle than about Sherlock Holmes himself. The Sherlock Holmes Museum in Baker Street, London was the first Museum in the world to be dedicated to a fictional character. A private collection of Conan Doyle is also housed in the Portsmouth City Museum which has a permanent exhibit, due to his importance in the city where he lived and worked for many years.
Adaptations and derived works[link]
The enduring popularity of Sherlock Holmes has led to hundreds of works based on the character – both adaptations into other media and original stories. The copyright in all of Conan Doyle's works expired in the United Kingdom in 1980 and are public domain there.[52] All works published in the United States prior to 1923 are in the public domain; this includes all Sherlock Holmes stories with the exception of some of the stories contained within The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes. For works published after 1923 but before 1963, if the copyright was registered, its term lasts for 95 years.[53] The Conan Doyle heirs registered the copyright to The Case Book (published in the USA after 1923) in 1981 through the Copyright Act of 1976.[52][54][55]
Stage and screen adaptations[link]
File:Jeremy Brett.jpg
Jeremy Brett at one of his performances as Sherlock Holmes in the Granada Series
Main article: Adaptations of Sherlock Holmes
The Guinness World Records has consistently listed Sherlock Holmes as the "most portrayed movie character"[56] with 75 actors playing the part in over 211 films. Holmes's first screen appearance was in the Mutoscope film Sherlock Holmes Baffled in 1900, albeit in a barely-recognisable form.[57]
William Gillette’s 1899 play Sherlock Holmes, or The Strange Case of Miss Faulkner was a synthesis of several stories by Doyle, mostly based on A Scandal in Bohemia adding love interest, with the Holmes-Moriarty exchange from The Final Problem, as well as elements from The Copper Beeches and A Study in Scarlet. By 1916, Harry Arthur Saintsbury had played Holmes on stage more than a thousand times.[58] This play formed the basis for Gillette's 1916 motion picture, Sherlock Holmes.
From 1921 to 1923, Stoll Pictures produced a series of silent black-and-white films based on Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories. Forty-five short films and two feature length films were produced[59] featuring Eille Norwood in the role of Holmes and Hubert Willis cast as Dr Watson with the exception of the final film, The Sign of Four, where Willis was replaced with Arthur Cullin.
In a 1924 comedy film Sherlock Jr. Buster Keaton's character longs to be a detective.
The first sound film to feature Sherlock Holmes, was the sound-on-disk The Return of Sherlock Holmes, written by Basil Dean, and filmed in New York City in 1929. It starred Clive Brook as Sherlock Holmes. It supposedly marks the first use of the line, "Elementary, my dear Watson". The film exists today only as a silent picture because the sound disks were lost.[citation needed]
Basil Rathbone starred as Sherlock Holmes alongside Nigel Bruce as Dr Watson in fourteen US films (two for 20th Century Fox and a dozen for Universal Pictures) from 1939 to 1946, as well as the radio show "The New Adventures of Sherlock Holmes" on the Mutual Broadcasting System from 1939 to 1946 before passing the role to Tom Conway. The 1939 20th Century Fox Hound of the Baskervilles contains an unusually direct reference to Holmes' drug use in the last line of the film, "Watson, the needle". The Universal Pictures are distinctive for being set in the then contemporary post-World War II era.
Ronald Howard starred in 39 episodes of the Sherlock Holmes 1954 American TV series with Howard Marion Crawford as Watson. The storylines deviated from the books of Conan Doyle, changing characters and other details.
In 1959 Peter Cushing starred in Hammer Film Productions' The Hound of the Baskervilles (1959), marking Holmes' first screen appearance in colour. He would return to the role several times in both film and television performances.
Fritz Weaver appeared as Sherlock Holmes in the musical Baker Street, which ran on Broadway between 16 February and 14 November 1965. Peter Sallis portrayed Dr. Watson, Inga Swenson appeared as The Woman, Irene Adler, and Martin Gabel played Moriarty. Virginia Vestoff, Tommy Tune, and Christopher Walken were also members of the original cast.[60]
Acclaimed director Billy Wilder had long planned a roadshow motion picture about Holmes, in which he planned to have Peter O'Toole as Holmes and Peter Sellers as Watson. However, when The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes finally reached the screen in 1970, the roles had been given to Robert Stephens and Colin Blakely. The film was heavily edited after its release and parts of it are now lost. Though not a success at the time of release it is considered by some to be one of Wilder's late masterpieces.[citation needed]
In The Return Of Sherlock Holmes, a TV movie aired in 1987, Margaret Colin stars as Dr. Watson's great-granddaughter Jane Watson, a Boston private eye, who stumbles upon Sherlock Holmes's (played by Michael Pennington) body in frozen suspension and restores the Victorian sleuth to life in the 1980s. The film was intended as a pilot for a TV series which never materialised. A similar plot line was used in Sherlock Holmes Returns: 1994 Baker Street where Dr Amy Winslow (played by Debrah Farentino) discovers Sherlock Holmes frozen in the cellar of house in San Francisco owned by a descendant of Mrs Hudson. Holmes (played by Anthony Higgins) froze himself in the hopes that crimes in the future would be less dull. He discovers that consulting detectives have been replaced by the police department's forensic science lab and that the Moriarty family are still the Napoleons of crime.
Jeremy Brett is generally considered the definitive Holmes,[61] having played the role in four series of Sherlock Holmes, created by John Hawkesworth for Britain's Granada Television, from 1984 through to 1994, as well as depicting Holmes on stage. Brett's Dr Watson was played by David Burke (pre-hiatus) and Edward Hardwicke (post-hiatus) in the series. Jeremy Brett wished to be the best Sherlock Holmes the world had ever seen and conducted extensive research into the character and the author that created him. He strove to bring passion and life to the role and in his obituary it was said, "Mr. Brett was regarded as the quintessential Holmes: breathtakingly analytical, given to outrageous disguises and the blackest moods and relentless in his enthusiasm for solving the most intricate crimes."
Nicol Williamson portrayed Holmes in The Seven-Per-Cent Solution with Robert Duvall playing Watson and featuring Alan Arkin as Sigmund Freud. The 1976 adaption was written by Nicholas Meyer from his 1974 book of the same name, and directed by Herbert Ross.
Bob Clarke directed Christopher Plummer and James Mason in the 1979 created film Murder by Decree, which followed Holmes, hunting Jack the Ripper.
Between 1979 and 1986, Soviet television broadcast a series of five made-for-TV films in a total of eleven parts, The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson, starring Vasily Livanov as Holmes and Vitaly Solomin as Watson.
Christopher Lee starred as Holmes in three screen adaptions, namely Sherlock Holmes and the Deadly Necklace (1962), Incident at Victoria Falls (1991) and Sherlock Holmes and the Leading Lady (1992) together with Morgan Fairchild as "The Woman".
In 2002 made-for-television movie Sherlock: Case of Evil, James D'Arcy starred as Holmes in his 20s. The story noticeably departs from the style and backstory of the canon and D'Arcy's portrayal of Holmes is slightly different from prior incarnations of the character, psychologically disturbed, an absinthe addicted, a heavy drinker and a ladies' man.
The Fox television series House contains numerous similarities and references to Holmes. Show creator David Shore has acknowledged this "subtle homage".[62]
In the 2009 film Sherlock Holmes, based on a story by Lionel Wigram and images by John Watkiss,[63] directed by Guy Ritchie, the role of Holmes is performed by Robert Downey, Jr. with Jude Law portraying Watson. It is a reinterpretation which heavily focuses on Holmes's more anti-social personality traits as an unkempt eccentric with a brilliant analytical mind and formidable martial abilities, making this a very cynical incarnation of Holmes. Robert Downey Jr. won the Golden Globe Award for his portrayal.[64] Downey Jr. returned in the 2011 sequel, Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows.
Independent film company The Asylum released the direct-to-DVD film Sherlock Holmes in January 2010. In the film, Holmes and Watson battle a criminal mastermind dubbed "Spring-Heeled Jack", who controls several mechanical creatures to commit crimes across London. Holmes (Ben Syder) is portrayed as considerably younger than most actors who have played him, and his disapproval of Scotland Yard is undertoned, though things like his drug addiction remain mostly unchanged. The film features a brother of Holmes's called Thorpe, who was invented by the producers of the film out of creative liberty. His companion Watson is played by Torchwood actor Gareth David-Lloyd.
Benedict Cumberbatch plays a modern-day version of the detective, with Martin Freeman as Watson, in the BBC One TV series Sherlock, which premiered on 25 July 2010. The series changes the books' original Victorian setting to the shady and violent present-day London. The show was created by Mark Gatiss and Steven Moffat, best known as writers for the BBC television series Doctor Who. Says Moffat, "Conan Doyle's stories were never about frock coats and gas light; they're about brilliant detection, dreadful villains and blood-curdling crimes – and frankly, to hell with the crinoline. Other detectives have cases, Sherlock Holmes has adventures, and that's what matters."
Cumberbatch's Holmes was described by the BBC as:
Brilliant, aloof and almost entirely lacking in social graces. Sherlock is a unique young man with a mind like a 'racing engine'. Without problems to solve, it will tear itself to pieces. And the more bizarre and baffling the problems the better. He has set himself up as the world's only consulting detective, whom the police grudgingly accept as their superior.[65]
He also uses modern technology, such as texting and blogging, to solve crimes,[66] and in a nod towards changing smoking legislature, he has replaced his pipe with multiple nicotine patches, as London has forbidden smoking in most public areas, yet this interpretation of Holmes still finds nicotine to help the cognitive process.[67]
Related and derivative works[link]
Main article: Non-canonical Sherlock Holmes works
In addition to the Sherlock Holmes corpus, Conan Doyle's "The Lost Special" (1898) features an unnamed "amateur reasoner" clearly intended to be identified as Holmes by his readers. His explanation for a baffling disappearance, argued in Holmes's characteristic style, turns out to be quite wrong—evidently Conan Doyle was not above poking fun at his own hero. A short story by Conan Doyle using the same idea is "The Man with the Watches". Another example of Conan Doyle's humour is "How Watson Learned the Trick" (1924), a parody of the frequent Watson-Holmes breakfast table scenes. A further (and earlier) parody by Conan Doyle is "The Field Bazaar". He also wrote other material, especially plays, featuring Holmes. Many of these are collected in Sherlock Holmes: The Published Apocrypha edited by Jack Tracy, The Final Adventures of Sherlock Holmes edited by Peter Haining and The Uncollected Sherlock Holmes compiled by Richard Lancelyn Green.
In 1907, Sherlock Holmes began featuring in a series of German booklets. Among the writers was Theo van Blankensee. Watson had been replaced by a 19 year old assistant from the street, among his Baker Street Irregulars, with the name Harry Taxon, and Mrs. Hudson had been replaced by one Mrs. Bonnet. From number 10 the series changed its name to "Aus den Geheimakten des Welt-Detektivs". The French edition changed its name from "Les Dossiers Secrets de Sherlock Holmes" to "Les Dossiers du Roi des Detectives".[68]
Sherlock Holmes's abilities as both a good fighter and an excellent logician have been a boon to other authors who have lifted his name, or details of his exploits, for their plots. These range from Holmes as a cocaine addict, whose drug-fuelled fantasies lead him to cast an innocent Professor Moriarty as a super villain (The Seven-Per-Cent Solution), to science-fiction plots involving him being re-animated after death to fight crime in the future (Sherlock Holmes in the 22nd Century).
Some authors have supplied stories to fit the tantalising references in the canon to unpublished cases (e.g. "The giant rat of Sumatra, a story for which the world is not yet prepared" in "The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire"), notably The Exploits of Sherlock Holmes by Conan Doyle's son Adrian Conan Doyle with John Dickson Carr, and The Lost Adventures of Sherlock Holmes by Ken Greenwald, based rather closely on episodes of the 1945 Sherlock Holmes radio show that starred Basil Rathbone and Nigel Bruce and for which scripts were written by Dennis Green and Anthony Boucher. Others have used different characters from the stories as their own detective, e.g. Mycroft Holmes in Enter the Lion by Michael P. Hodel and Sean M. Wright (1979) or Dr James Mortimer (from The Hound of the Baskervilles) in books by Gerard Williams.
Laurie R. King recreates Sherlock Holmes in her Mary Russell series (starting with The Beekeeper's Apprentice), set during the First World War and the 1920s. Her Holmes is (semi)retired in Sussex, where he is literally stumbled over by a teenage American girl. Recognising a kindred spirit, he gradually trains her as his apprentice and subsequently marries her. As of 2009[update] the series includes nine novels and a novella tie-in with a book from King's present-time Kate Martinelli series, The Art of Detection.
Carole Nelson Douglas' series, the Irene Adler Adventures, is based on the character from Doyle's "A Scandal in Bohemia". The first book, Good Night, Mr. Holmes, retells that tale from Irene's point of view. The series is narrated by Adler's companion, Penelope Huxleigh, in a role similar to that of Dr. Watson.
The film They Might Be Giants is a 1971 romantic comedy based on the 1961 play of the same name (both written by James Goldman) in which the character Justin Playfair, played by George C. Scott, is convinced he is Sherlock Holmes, and manages to convince many others of same, including the psychiatrist Dr. Watson, played by Joanne Woodward, who is assigned to evaluate him so he can be committed to a mental institution.
The film Young Sherlock Holmes (1985) explores adventures of Holmes and Watson as boarding school pupils.[69]
The Japanese anime series "Detective Conan", also called "Case Closed" in English, is an homage to Doyle's work.
The 2002 film The Case of the Whitechapel Vampire is loosely based on Doyle's story "The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire".
In the 1980s Ben Kingsley played Dr. Watson in Without a Clue. In this film, the comic premise is that Dr. Watson is actually a brilliant detective, and that he has hired an actor, Sherlock Holmes (Michael Caine), to take credit for the cases that Watson has been writing about, to draw attention away from himself. The powerful criminal Dr. Moriarty is said to know that Sherlock Holmes has no abilities as a detective whatsoever.
The novel A Dog About Town by J. F. Englert makes reference to Sherlock Holmes, comparing the black Labrador retriever narrator, Randolph, to Doyle's detective as well as naming a fictitious spirit guide after him.[70]
The Final Solution is a 2004 novel by Michael Chabon. The story, set in 1944, revolves around an 89-year-old long-retired detective who may or may not be Sherlock Holmes but is always called just "the old man", now interested mostly in beekeeping, and his quest to find a missing parrot, the only friend of a mute Jewish boy. The title references both Doyle's story "The Final Problem" and the Final Solution, the Nazis' plan for the genocide of the Jewish people.
In 2006, a southern California "vaudeville-nouveau" group known as Sound & Fury began performing a theatre in the round parody show entitled "Sherlock Holmes & The Saline Solution" which depicts Holmes as a bumbling figure guided by a slightly less clueless Watson. The show ran in Los Angeles as well as the Edinburgh and Adelaide Fringe Festivals through 2009.
In a novella "The Prisoner of the Tower, or A Short But Beautiful Journey of Three Wise Men" by Boris Akunin published in 2008 in Russia as the conclusion of the book "Jade Rosary Beads", Sherlock Holmes and Erast Fandorin oppose Arsène Lupin on 31 December 1899.
In June 2010 it was announced that Franklin Watts books, a part of Hachette Children's Books are to release a series of four children's graphic novels by writer Tony Lee and artist Dan Boultwood in spring 2011 based around the Baker Street Irregulars during the three years that Sherlock Holmes was believed dead, between The Adventure of the Final Problem and The Adventure of the Empty House. Although not specifying whether Sherlock Holmes actually appears in the books, the early reports include appearances by Doctor Watson, Inspector Lestrade and Irene Adler.
In 2011, Anthony Horowitz, author of the Alex Rider novels, The Power of Five and TV's Foyle's War, had published a new "authorised" Sherlock Holmes novel: The House of Silk, commissioned by the Conan Doyle estate. The novel is presented as a continuation of Conan Doyle's work and is narrated by Dr. Watson. [71]
The original stories[link]
Main article: Canon of Sherlock Holmes
The original Sherlock Holmes stories consist of fifty-six short stories and four novels written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.
Novels[link]
- A Study in Scarlet (published 1887, in Beeton's Christmas Annual)
- The Sign of the Four (published 1890, Lippincott's Monthly Magazine)
- The Hound of the Baskervilles (serialised 1901–1902 in The Strand)
- The Valley of Fear (serialised 1914–1915 in The Strand)
Short stories[link]
For more detail see List of Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes short stories.
The short stories, originally published in periodicals, were later gathered into five anthologies:
- The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes (contains stories published 1891–1892 in The Strand)
- The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes (contains stories published 1892–1893 in The Strand as further episodes of the Adventures)
- The Return of Sherlock Holmes (contains stories published 1903–1904 in The Strand)
- The Reminiscences of Sherlock Holmes (including His Last Bow) (contains stories published 1908–1913 and 1917)
- The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes (contains stories published 1921–1927)
See also[link]
- Deductive reasoning
- Inductive reasoning
- Inference
- HOLMES2 (police computer system)
- List of actors who have played Sherlock Holmes
- List of Holmesian studies
References[link]
- ^ "Holmesian". The Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. 1989.
- ^ Lycett, Andrew (2007). The Man Who Created Sherlock Holmes: The Life and Times of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. Free Press. pp. 53–54, 190. ISBN 978-0-7432-7523-1.
- ^ Doyle, A. Conan (1961). The Boys' Sherlock Holmes, New & Enlarged Edition. Harper & Row. p. 88.
- ^ Klinger, Leslie (2005). The New Annotated Sherlock Holmes. New York: W.W. Norton. p. xlii. ISBN 0-393-05916-2.
- ^ "LRK on: Sherlock Holmes : Laurie R. King: Mystery Writer". Laurie R. King. http://www.laurierking.com/?page_id=769#chronology. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ Dorothy L. Sayers, "Holmes’ College Career," for the Baker Street Studies, edited by H.W. Bell, 1934. Sayers's analysis was somewhat tongue-in-cheek. In the foreword to Unpopular Opinions, in which her essay appeared, Sayers says that the "game of applying the methods of the Higher Criticism to the Sherlock Holmes canon... has become a hobby among a select set of jesters here and in America."
- ^ a b c Doyle, Arthur Conan (1893). The Original illustrated 'Strand' Sherlock Holmes (1989 ed.). Ware, England: Wordsworth. pp. 354–355. ISBN 978-1-85326-896-0.
- ^ "The Adventure of the Gloria Scott"
- ^ "The Greek Interpreter", "The Final Problem" and "The Bruce-Partington Plans";
- ^ "The Empty House".
- ^ The Sign of the Four; Chapter 1 The Science of Deduction; p. 90; Copyright Sir Arthur Ignatius Conan Doyle; Edition published in 1992 – Barnes & Noble, Inc.".
- ^ "The Adventure of the Veiled Lodger".
- ^ Conan Doyle, Arthur (1903). "The Adventure of the Norwood Builder", Strand Magazine.
- ^ "The Adventure of Charles Augustus Milverton"; "The Adventure of the Illustrious Client"
- ^ "The Hound of the Baskervilles"
- ^ "The Adventure of the Bruce-Partington Plans"; "The Adventure of the Naval Treaty".
- ^ In The Adventure of the Naval Treaty, Holmes remarks that, of his last fifty-three cases, the police have had all the credit in forty-nine.
- ^ "The Adventure of the Reigate Squire" and "The Adventure of the Illustrious Client" are two examples
- ^ See, for example, Inspector Lestrade at the end of "The Adventure of the Norwood Builder".
- ^ Lisa Sanders M.D. (4 December 2009). "Hidden Clues". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2009/12/06/magazine/06diagnosis-t.html?_r=2&scp=2&sq=sherlock%20holmes&st=cse. Retrieved 7 March 2011.
- ^ Dalby, J.T. (1991). "Sherlock Holmes's Cocaine Habit". Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 8: 73–74. http://bakerstreetdozen.com/coca.html.
- ^ "The Sign of Four"
- ^ "The Adventure of the Missing Three-Quarter."
- ^ "The Problem of Thor Bridge"
- ^ a b Alexander Bird (27 June 2006). "Abductive Knowledge and Holmesian Inference". In Tamar Szabo Gendler and John Hawthorne. Oxford studies in epistemology. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-19-928590-7. http://books.google.com/?id=yMDWLq2FdrIC.
- ^ Sebeok & Umiker-Sebeok 1984, pp. 19–28, esp. p. 22
- ^ A Study In Scarlet.
- ^ Matthew Bunson (19 October 1994). Encyclopedia Sherlockiana. p. 50. ISBN 978-0-671-79826-0. http://books.google.com/?id=aSgfAQAAIAAJ.
- ^ Jonathan Smith (1994). Fact and feeling: Baconian science and the nineteenth-Century literary imagination. p. 214. ISBN 978-0-299-14354-1. http://books.google.com/?id=hFn1Zx_desIC.
- ^ "The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle".
- ^ a b "The Adventure of the Yellow Face"
- ^ The Hound of the Baskervilles.
- ^ a b c d "The Guns of Sherlock Holmes". http://archives.gunsandammo.com/content/guns-sherlock-holmes. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
- ^ See "The Red-Headed League" and "The Adventure of the Illustrious Client".
- ^ However, in the Granada TV version of "The Adventure of the Naval Treaty" Holmes uses a sword cane to force Joseph Harrison to give up the stolen treaty.
- ^ Inter alia "The Adventure of the Solitary Cyclist" and "The Adventure of the Naval Treaty".
- ^ Klinger, Leslie (1999). "Lost in Lassus: The missing monograph". http://webpages.charter.net/lklinger/lassus.htm. Retrieved 20 October 2008.
- ^ His Last Bow.
- ^ "NI chemist honours Sherlock Holmes". BBC News. 16 October 2002. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/2332461.stm. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
- ^ Radford, John (1999). The Intelligence of Sherlock Holmes and Other Three-pipe Problems. Sigma Forlag. ISBN 82-7916-004-3.
- ^ Snyder LJ (2004). "Sherlock Holmes: Scientific detective". Endeavour 28 (3): 104–108. DOI:10.1016/j.endeavour.2004.07.007. PMID 15350761.
- ^ Kempster PA (2006). "Looking for clues". Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 13 (2): 178–180. DOI:10.1016/j.jocn.2005.03.021. PMID 16459091.
- ^ Didierjean, A & Gobet, F (2008). "Sherlock Holmes – An expert’s view of expertise". British Journal of Psychology 99 (Pt 1): 109–125. DOI:10.1348/000712607X224469. PMID 17621416. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/854.
- ^ "Ronald Arbuthnott Knox (1888–1957)". http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/knox.htm. Retrieved 13 February 2011.
- ^ "Christopher Morley". http://www.online-literature.com/morley/. Retrieved 13 February 2010.
- ^ "Sherlockian.Net: Societies". http://www.sherlockian.net/societies/index.html. Retrieved 13 February 2011.
- ^ "Sherlock Holmes Review". http://www.filmofilia.com/2009/12/24/sherlock-holmes-review/. Retrieved 13 February 2011.
- ^ "Author Profile: Laurie R. King". Bookreporter.com. http://www.bookreporter.com/authors/au-king-laurie.asp. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ Dakin, D. Martin (1972). A Sherlock Holmes Commentary. David & Charles, Newton Abbot. ISBN 0-7153-5493-0.
- ^ McQueen, Ian (1974). Sherlock Holmes Detected. David & Charles, Newton Abbot. ISBN 0-7153-6453-7.
- ^ "Sherlockian Who's Who". sh-whoswho.com. http://www.sh-whoswho.com/index.php. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
- ^ a b Itzkoff, Dave (19 January 2010). "For the Heirs to Holmes, a Tangled Web". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/19/books/19sherlock.html?pagewanted=all.
- ^ "Copyright Term and the Public Domain in the United States". Copyright.cornell.edu. http://copyright.cornell.edu/resources/publicdomain.cfm. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "Techdirt article". Techdirt article. http://www.techdirt.com/blog.php?tag=sherlock+holmes&edition=techdirt. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "Elementary My Dear Watson...It's Called the Public Domain...Or is It?". Techdirt.com. 24 December 2009. http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20091223/1120407488.shtml. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ Sherlock Holmes: pipe dreams, Daily Telegraph 15 December 2009. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
- ^ Tuska, Jon (1978). The Detective in Hollywood. New York: Doubleday. p. 1. ISBN 978-0-385-12093-7.
- ^ Robert W. Pohle, Douglas C. Hart, Sherlock Holmes on the screen: the motion picture adventures of the world's most popular detective (A. S. Barnes, 1977), pp. 54, 56, 57
- ^ Alan Barnes (2002). Sherlock Holmes on Screen. Reynolds & Hearn Ltd. pp. 13. ISBN 1-903111-04-8.
- ^ Internet Broadway Data Base – Baker Street. Retrieved 31 May 2010.
- ^ Wolfreys, Julian (1996). Adventures of Sherlock Holmes. Ware, England: Wordworth Editions. p. ix. ISBN 1-85326-033-9. "Holmes was reinvented definitively by Jeremy Brett...It is Brett's Holmes...which comes closest to Conan Doyle's original intentions."
- ^ "House and Holmes parallels – Radio Times, January 2006". Radio Times. 12 July 2011. http://www.radiotimes.com/content/show-features/house/house-and-holmes-parallels/. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
- ^ "Sherlock Holmes Mystery Solved". Blog.newsarama.com. 7 May 2009. http://blog.newsarama.com/2009/05/07/sherlock-holmes-mystery-solved/. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "HFPA – Nominations and Winners". Goldenglobes.org. http://www.goldenglobes.org/nominations/year/2009/. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "BBC 1: Sherlock". http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00t4pgh.
- ^ Thorpe, Vanessa (18 July 2010). "The Guardian. Sherlock Holmes is back... sending texts and using nicotine patches". London. http://www.guardian.co.uk/tv-and-radio/2010/jul/18/sherlock-holmes-is-back-bbc.
- ^ "The Herald Scotland. Times have changed but crimes are the same for new Sherlock Holmes". http://www.heraldscotland.com/news/home-news/times-have-changed-but-crimes-are-the-same-for-new-sherlock-holmes-1.1042129.
- ^ Nordberg, Nils: Døden i kiosken. Knut Gribb og andre heftedetektiver.
- ^ "film menu". Levinson.com. http://www.levinson.com/bl/ysherlock/index.htm. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ "Bluestalking: Two Cozies Featuring Bookish Sleuths, One Human and One... Not". Bluestalking.typepad.com. 25 June 2007. http://bluestalking.typepad.com/the_bluestalking_reader/2007/06/two-cozies-feat.html. Retrieved 10 January 2011.
- ^ Sanson, Ian. 27 Oct 2011. "The House of Silk by Anthony Horowitz--Review." The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2011/oct/27/house-silk-anthony-horowitz-sherlock-holmes
Further reading[link]
- Accardo, Pasquale J. (1987). Diagnosis and Detection: Medical Iconography of Sherlock Holmes. Madison, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press. ISBN 0-517-50291-7.
- Baring-Gould, William (1967). The Annotated Sherlock Holmes. New York: Clarkson N. Potter. ISBN 0-517-50291-7.
- Baring-Gould, William (1962). Sherlock Holmes of Baker Street: The Life of the World's First Consulting Detective. New York: Clarkson N. Potter. OCLC 63103488.
- Blakeney, T.S. (1994). Sherlock Holmes: Fact or Fiction?. London: Prentice Hall & IBD. ISBN 1-883402-10-7.
- Bradley, Alan (2004). Ms Holmes of Baker Street: The Truth About Sherlock. Alberta: University of Alberta Press. ISBN 0-88864-415-9.
- Campbell, Mark (2007). Sherlock Holmes. London: Pocket Essentials. ISBN 978-0-470-12823-7.
- Dakin, David (1972). A Sherlock Holmes Commentary. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5493-0.
- Duncan, Alistair (2008). Eliminate the Impossible: An Examination of the World of Sherlock Holmes on Page and Screen. London: MX Publishing. ISBN 978-1-904312-31-4.
- Duncan, Alistair (2009). Close to Holmes: A Look at the Connections Between Historical London, Sherlock Holmes and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle. London: MX Publishing. ISBN 978-1-904312-50-5.
- Duncan, Alistair (2010). The Norwood Author: Arthur Conan Doyle and the Norwood Years (1891–1894). London: MX Publishing. ISBN 978-1-904312-69-7.
- Fenoli Marc, Qui a tué Sherlock Holmes ? [Who shot Sherlock Holmes ?], Review L’Alpe 45, Glénat-Musée Dauphinois, Grenoble-France, 2009. ISBN 978-2-7234-6902-9
- Green, Richard Lancelyn (1987). The Sherlock Holmes Letters. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press. ISBN 0-87745-161-3.
- Hall, Trevor (1969). Sherlock Holmes: Ten Literary Studies. London: Duckworth. ISBN 0-7156-0469-4.
- Hall, Trevor (1977). Sherlock Holmes and his creator. New York: St Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-71719-9.
- Hammer, David (1995). The Before-Breakfast Pipe of Mr. Sherlock Holmes. London: Wessex Pr.. ISBN 0-938501-21-6.
- Harrison, Michael (1973). The World of Sherlock Holmes. London: Frederick Muller Ltd..
- Jones, Kelvin (1987). Sherlock Holmes and the Kent Railways. Sittingborne, Kent: Meresborough Books. ISBN 0-948193-25-5.
- Keating, H. R. F. (2006). Sherlock Holmes: The Man and His World. Edison, NJ: Castle. ISBN 0-7858-2112-0.
- Kestner, Joseph (1997). Sherlock's Men: Masculinity, Conan Doyle and Cultural History. Farnham: Ashgate. ISBN 1-85928-394-2.
- King, Joseph A. (1996). Sherlock Holmes: From Victorian Sleuth to Modern Hero. Lanham, US: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-3180-5.
- Klinger, Leslie (2005). The New Annotated Sherlock Holmes. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-05916-2.
- Klinger, Leslie (1998). The Sherlock Holmes Reference Library. Indianapolis: Gasogene Books. ISBN 0-938501-26-7.
- Lester, Paul (1992). Sherlock Holmes in the Midlands. Studley, Warwickshire: Brewin Books. ISBN 0-947731-85-7.
- Lieboe, Eli. Doctor Joe Bell: Model for Sherlock Holmes. Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green University Popular Press, 1982; Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-87972-198-5
- Mitchelson, Austin (1994). The Baker Street Irregular: Unauthorised Biography of Sherlock Holmes. Romford: Ian Henry Publications Ltd. ISBN 0-8021-4325-3.
- Payne, David S. (1992). Myth and Modern Man in Sherlock Holmes: Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and the Uses of Nostalgia. Bloomington, Ind: Gaslight's Publications. ISBN 0-934468-29-X.
- Redmond, Christopher (1987). In Bed with Sherlock Holmes: Sexual Elements in Conan Doyle's Stories. London: Players Press. ISBN 0-8021-4325-3.
- Redmond, Donald (1983). Sherlock Holmes: A Study in Sources. Quebec: McGill-Queen's University Press. ISBN 0-7735-0391-9.
- Rennison, Nick (2007). Sherlock Holmes. The Unauthorized Biography. London: Grove Press. ISBN 978-0-8021-4325-9.
- Richards, Anthony John (1998). Holmes, Chemistry and the Royal Institution: A Survey of the Scientific Works of Sherlock Holmes and His Relationship with the Royal Institution of Great Britain. London: Irregulars Special Press. ISBN 0-7607-7156-1.
- Riley, Dick (2005). The Bedside Companion to Sherlock Holmes. New York: Barnes & Noble Books. ISBN 0-7607-7156-1.
- Riley, Peter (2005). The Highways and Byways of Sherlock Holmes. London: P.&D. Riley. ISBN 978-1-874712-78-7.
- Roy, Pinaki (Department of English, Malda College) (2008). The Manichean Investigators: A Postcolonial and Cultural Rereading of the Sherlock Holmes and Byomkesh Bakshi Stories. New Delhi: Sarup and Sons. ISBN 978-81-7625-849-4.
- Sebeok, Thomas; Umiker-Sebeok, Jean (1984). "'You Know My Method': A Juxtaposition of Charles S. Peirce and Sherlock Holmes". In Eco, Umberto; Sebeok, Thomas. The Sign of Three: Dupin, Holmes, Peirce. Bloomington, IN: History Workshop, Indiana University Press. pp. 11–54. ISBN 978-0-253-35235-4. OCLC 9412985. http://www.visual-memory.co.uk/b_resources/abduction.html. Previously published as chapter 2, pp. 17–52 of Sebeok, Thomas (1981). The Play of Musement. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-39994-6. LCCN 80008846. OCLC 7275523.
- Shaw, John B. (1995). Encyclopedia of Sherlock Holmes: A Complete Guide to the World of the Great Detective. London: Pavillion Books. ISBN 1-85793-502-0.
- Smith, Daniel (2009). The Sherlock Holmes Companion: An Elementary Guide. London: Aurum Press. ISBN 978-1-84513-458-7.
- Starrett, Vincent (1993). The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes. London: Prentice Hall & IBD. ISBN 978-1-883402-05-1.
- Tracy, Jack (1988). The Sherlock Holmes Encyclopedia: Universal Dictionary of Sherlock Holmes. London: Crescent Books. ISBN 0-517-65444-X.
- Tracy, Jack (1996). Subcutaneously, My Dear Watson: Sherlock Holmes and the Cocaine Habit. Bloomington, Ind.: Gaslight Publications. ISBN 0-934468-25-7.
- Wagner, E.J. (2007). La Scienza di Sherlock Holmes. Torino: Bollati Boringheri. ISBN 978-0-470-12823-7.
- Weller, Philip (1993). The Life and Times of Sherlock Holmes. Simsbury: Bracken Books. ISBN 1-85891-106-0.
- Wexler, Bruce (2008). The Mysterious World of Sherlock Holmes. London: Running Press. ISBN 978-0-7624-3252-3.
External links[link]
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- The Complete Sherlock Holmes, ebook from Archive.org
- "For the Heirs to Holmes, a Tangled Web" - New York Times article
- "The Burden of Holmes"- Wall Street Journal article
- The Sherlock Holmes Museum 221b Baker Street, London England.
- The Sherlock Holmes Society of London London society founded 1951
- Bert Coules' website (BBC Radio 4 canonical and original stories, 1989–2004)
- Discovering Sherlock Holmes at Stanford University
- Sherlock Holmes Special Collections
- The Sherlock Holmes Collections at the University of Minnesota Special Collections and Rare Books
- Chess and Sherlock Holmes essay by Edward Winter,
- Sir Arthur Conan Doyle audio books by Lit2Go from the University of South Florida.
- Sherlock Holmes plaques recorded on openplaques.org
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| Martin Grech | |
|---|---|
| Born | 1982 |
| Origin | Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England |
| Genres | Experimental rock Progressive metal Industrial rock Alternative rock Dark ambient |
| Occupations | Musician, Vocalist |
| Instruments | Vocals, Guitar, Piano, drums |
| Years active | 2002 - present |
| Labels | Island Records |
| Associated acts | Zealey, Ophelia Torah, Meatsuit |
| Website | [1] |
Martin Grech (born 1982) is a Maltese-English singer, songwriter and musician from Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire.
Contents |
Career[link]
 |
This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. No cleanup reason has been specified. Please help improve this section if you can; the talk page may contain suggestions. (July 2009) |
He first achieved critical acclaim after his falsetto track, "Open Heart Zoo" (written when he was 15 years old) was featured on a Lexus advert on British television in 2002. A debut album of the same name (produced by Andy Ross) quickly achieved cult status, with the record being compared, in places, to the work of The Cure, Radiohead, Nine Inch Nails and Jeff Buckley.[by whom?] The accompanying UK tour saw Grech gain a larger following and further critical support.[citation needed]
2005 saw the arrival of Grech's second album, Unholy. It dealt with much darker, and more disturbing themes than his debut record, including such lyrical topics as insanity, heresy and death.[citation needed] As before, reviews were positive and his fan base expanded. The Unholy art work created by Stephen Kasner was hung as a backdrop to his concerts.
Grech split with Island Records shortly after the release of Unholy, but Grech's MySpace page announced the arrival of the new album, March of the Lonely. The first single from the album, "The Heritage", was released as a CD single on 30 March 2007 on Grech's own record label, 'Martin Grech Songs' via the online label, Burning Shed. March of the Lonely took a completely different approach from his previous CDs, and was much more acoustic, more guitar-based, with a thinner texture and softer atmosphere.[citation needed] March of the Lonely was released on 4 June 2007 in the UK via Genepool Records.
After moving to California, Grech began working on new material under the name 'Meatsuit'. Demos on MySpace revealed a development of a heavier gothic sound, but in December 2008 Grech announced that his Meatsuit project had been terminated.[1]
In April 2011, Grech released a collection of demos under the title 'Meta'. Also on his BandCamp page, Grech announced his fourth album would be titled "The Watcher".[2]
Other work[link]
In 2003 Grech was invited to play at the Jeff Buckley tribute concert by Buckley's mother Mary Guibert, at the Garage, Highbury alongside Ed Harcourt and Jamie Cullum. In 2005, Adam White sampled "Open Heart Zoo" for his trance track "Ballerina". In 2008 Grech created the film score to the Adam Mason film, Blood River.
As well as his solo releases, Grech has performed vocals on the album First Chance I Get I'm Out Of Here (2005) by fellow Aylesbury musician, Zealey. He drummed for the four-piece rock band Ophelia Torah between early 2006 and April 2007.
Grech has also been involved in a collaboration project, organised by yourcodenameis:milo, called 'Print is Dead'. Along with Bloc Party, Graham Coxon, Tom Vek, Reuben and Biffy Clyro, he worked with yourcodenameis:milo, in their recording studio, to write a song in one day. The track was called "We Hope You Are What You Think You Are".
Touring personnel[link]
Musicians known to have toured with Martin include:
- Alistair Hamer - Drums (Open Heart Zoo era) (Sweet Billy Pilgrim)
- Anthony Bishop - Bass (Open Heart Zoo era) (Sweet Billy Pilgrim)
- Pete Miles - Guitars & Keys (Open Heart Zoo & Unholy era)
- Keith Lambert - Bass Guitar (Unholy era) (Vex Red)
- Robin Guy - Drums (Unholy era) (Rachel Stamp, Bruce Dickinson, Sack Trick, Faith No More)
- Tim Elsenburg - Guitars (Open Heart Zoo & Unholy era) (Sweet Billy Pilgrim)
Discography[link]
Albums[link]
- Open Heart Zoo (2002) - UK #54[3]
- Unholy (2005)
- March of the Lonely (2007)
- Meta (2010)
- Meta: Volume 2 (2011)
EPs and Singles[link]
- Dali (2002)
1 - Dali (5:40)
2 - Catch Up (3:47)
- Open Heart Zoo (Promo) (2002)[3]
1 - Open Heart Zoo (Circus) (Radio Edit) (4:41)
2 - Open Heart Zoo (Album Version) (5:23)
- Open Heart Zoo (2002)
1 - Open Heart Zoo (Album Version) (5:21)
2 - Storm (5:09)
- Push (Promo) (2002)
1 - Push (Radio Edit) (3:56)
- Push (2003)
1 - Push (5:01)
2 - Bliss (1:38)
3 - Head Sty (5:25)
- I am Chromosome (Promo) (2004)
1 - I Am Chromosome
- Rest In Peace EP (2004)
1 - Mighty Hands (4:15)
2 - Gratefully Punished (4:26)
3 - Father And Mother Figure (2:48)
4 - Freedom, Warmth And Security (2:53)
- Guiltless (Promo) (2005)
1 - Guiltless (Album Version) (7:47)
2 - Guiltless (Radio Edit) (4:00)
- Guiltless (2005)
1 - Guiltless (7:41)
2 - Seed Of A Seed (3:29)
3 - Worthy (2:59)
- The Heritage (2007)
1 - The Heritage (3:32)
2 - Ashes Over Embers (5:39)
References[link]
- ^ Blogs.myspace.com
- ^ Official Martin Grech BandCamp Page
- ^ a b Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 235. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
External links[link]
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Grech, Martin |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1982 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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Related pages:
http://de.wn.com/Martin Grech
http://it.wn.com/Martin Grech
http://es.wn.com/Martin Grech
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Grech
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
