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![The Wombats - 1996 [Track 07]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121111165534im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Bj75brLCTtg/default.jpg "The 7th track off their upcoming album")
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Afghanistan
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Afghanistan -
Albania
Albania ( , , Gheg Albanian: Shqipnia/Shqypnia), officially known as the Republic of Albania (, pronounced ), is a country in South Eastern Europe. It is bordered by Montenegro to the northwest, Kosovo to the northeast, the Republic of Macedonia to the east and Greece to the south and southeast. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the west, and on the Ionian Sea to the southwest. It is less than from Italy, across the Strait of Otranto which links the Adriatic Sea to the Ionian Sea.
http://wn.com/Albania -
Algeria
http://wn.com/Algeria -
Amman
http://wn.com/Amman -
Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh (, ), abbreviated A.P., is a state situated on the southeastern coast of India. It is India's fourth largest state by area and fifth largest by population. Its capital and largest city is Hyderabad. The State has the second longest coastline among all the States in India. The official language of Andhra Pradesh is Telugu, while other languages spoken in Andhra Pradesh are Urdu, English, Tamil, and Hindi.
http://wn.com/Andhra_Pradesh -
Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (, ; ), is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city. The exclave province of Cabinda has a border with the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
http://wn.com/Angola -
Arequipa
:For the cactus genus, see Oreocereus.
http://wn.com/Arequipa -
Assam
http://wn.com/Assam -
Atlanta
Atlanta (, ) is the capital and most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia. Atlanta had an estimated population of about 540,900 people. Its metropolitan area is the ninth largest in the country, inhabited by more than 5.4 million people. The Atlanta Combined Statistical Area has a population approaching six million, making it the most populous metropolis in the Southeastern United States. Like many areas in the Sun Belt, the Atlanta region has seen explosive growth since about 1976, and it added about 1.1 million residents between 2000 and 2008.
http://wn.com/Atlanta -
Atlanta, Georgia
http://wn.com/Atlanta_Georgia -
Australia
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Australia -
Bangladesh
http://wn.com/Bangladesh -
Belgium
Belgium (, ), officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a state in Western Europe. It is a founding member of the European Union and hosts the EU's headquarters, as well as those of several other major international organizations such as NATO. Belgium covers an area of , and it has a population of about 10.8 million people.
http://wn.com/Belgium -
Bogor
Bogor (Indonesian: Kota Bogor) is a city in West Java with a population of approximately 866,000 people in the central business district (CBD) area and 2,000,000 in suburban area, bringing a total of 3 million population. It was the capital of Indonesia during the British occupation under Stamford Raffles and was used as the capital by the Dutch during the dry season, then known as Buitenzorg (possibly meaning "beyond worry", but it could also refer to "country side" (buiten) and "care" (zorg), like in "buitenhuis", meaning country house).
http://wn.com/Bogor -
Boulder, Colorado
Boulder is the county seat and most populous city of Boulder County and the 11th most populous city in the state of Colorado. The United States Census Bureau estimates that in 2008 the population of the city of Boulder was 94,268, while the population of the Boulder Metropolitan Statistical Area was 293,161. In 2009, the population was 100,160.
http://wn.com/Boulder_Colorado -
Brookfield Zoo
http://wn.com/Brookfield_Zoo -
Bulgaria
Bulgaria ( , Balgariya, ), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (, Republika Balgariya, ), is a country in Southern Europe. Bulgaria borders five other countries: Romania to the north (mostly along the Danube), Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia to the west, and Greece and Turkey to the south. The Black Sea defines the extent of the country to the east.
http://wn.com/Bulgaria -
Burma
Burma, officially the Union of Myanmar, is the second largest country by geographical area in Southeast Asia. The country is bordered by People's Republic of China on the north-east, Laos on the east, Thailand on the south-east, Bangladesh on the west, India on the north-west and the Bay of Bengal to the south-west with the Andaman Sea defining its southern periphery. One-third of Burma's total perimeter, 1,930 kilometers (1,199 mi), forms an uninterrupted coastline.
http://wn.com/Burma -
California
California (pronounced ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third-largest by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California is also the most populous sub-national entity in North America. It's on the U.S. West Coast, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and by the states of Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, Baja California, Mexico, to the south. Its 5 largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Long Beach, with Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose each having at least 1 million residents. Like many populous states, California's capital, Sacramento is smaller than the state's largest city, Los Angeles. The state is home to the nation's 2nd- and 6th-largest census statistical areas and 8 of the nation's 50 most populous cities. California has a varied climate and geography and a multi-cultural population.
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Canada
Canada () is a country in North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.
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Canary Wharf
Canary Wharf is a major business district in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, England. Rivalling London's traditional financial centre, the City of London, Canary Wharf contains many of the United Kingdom's premier office spaces and tallest buildings.
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Cape Town
Cape Town (; ) is the second-most populous city in South Africa, and the largest in land area, forming part of the City of Cape Town metropolitan municipality. It is the provincial capital and primate city of the Western Cape, as well as the legislative capital of South Africa, where the National Parliament and many government offices are located. The city is famous for its harbour as well as its natural setting in the Cape floral kingdom, including such well-known landmarks as Table Mountain and Cape Point.It is hailed as one of the most beautiful cities in the world as officially recognised by Forbes. National Geographic has also enlisted Cape Town as one of the most iconic cities on the planet and "Places of a Lifetime". Cape Town is also Africa's most popular tourist destination.
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Caracas
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Caribbean
The CaribbeanPronounced or . Both pronunciations are equally valid; indeed, they see equal use even within areas of the Caribbean itself. Cf. Royal Caribbean, which stresses the second syllable. In this case, as a proper noun, those who would normally pronounce it a different way may use the pronunciation associated with the noun when referring to it. More generic nouns such as the Caribbean Community are generally referred to using the speaker's preferred pronunciation.; Dutch ; or more commonly Antilles is a region consisting of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (most of which enclose the sea), and the surrounding coasts. The region is located southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and North America, east of Central America, and to the north of South America.
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Chechnya
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Chester
Chester () is a city in Cheshire, England. Lying on the River Dee, close to the border with Wales, it is home to 77,040 inhabitants, and is the largest and most populous settlement of the wider unitary authority area of Cheshire West and Chester, which had a population of 328,100 according to the 2001 Census. Chester was granted city status in 1541.
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Chicago
Chicago ( or ) is the largest city in the state of Illinois. With over 2.8 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous city in the country. Its metropolitan area, commonly named "Chicagoland," is the 26th most populous in the world, home to an estimated 9.7 million people spread across the U.S. states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County.
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Chicago, Illinois
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Colombia
Colombia (), officially the Republic of Colombia (, ), is a constitutional republic in northwestern South America. Colombia is bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the northwest by Panama; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia also shares maritime borders with Venezuela, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. With a population of over 45 million people, Colombia has the 29th largest population in the world and the second largest in South America, after Brazil. Colombia has the fourth largest Spanish-speaking population in the world after Mexico, the United States, and Spain.
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Colombo
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Colorado
Colorado (pronounced or, chiefly by outsiders, ) is a U.S. state that encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains. Colorado is part of the Western United States, the Mountain States, and the Southwestern United States.
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Comoros
this is an island with to people on it
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County Limerick
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Croatia
Croatia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Republika Hrvatska ), is a country in Central Europe and Southeastern Europe at the crossroads of the Pannonian Plain, the Balkans, and the Adriatic Sea. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. Croatia borders Slovenia to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the southeast, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast.
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Cuba
The Republic of Cuba (; , ) is an island country in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos.
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Cyprus
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Czech Republic
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Cádiz
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Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic (; , ) is a nation on the island of Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries. Both by area and population, the Dominican Republic is the second largest Caribbean nation (after Cuba), with and an estimated 10 million people.
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Drumcree Church
Drumcree Parish Church, officially The Church of the Ascension, is the parish church of Drumcree Church of Ireland parish. The church is within the townland of Drumcree, roughly 1.5 miles (2.3 km) to the northeast of Portadown, County Armagh.
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Dublin
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Dubrovnik
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Egypt
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England
England () is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
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Enniskillen
Enniskillen () is a town in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland. It is located almost exactly in the centre of the county between the Upper and Lower sections of Lough Erne. It had a population of 13,599 in the 2001 Census. It is also the seat of local government for Fermanagh District Council, and is also the county town of Fermanagh as well as its largest town.
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Everglades
:''This article is about the Florida wetlands. For other uses, see Everglades (disambiguation).
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FBI
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Florida
Florida () is a state of the United States. It is located in the Southeastern United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the north. Much of the state's land mass is a large peninsula with the Gulf of Mexico to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Caribbean to the south. Florida was admitted as the 27th U.S. state in 1845, after a three hundred year period of European colonization.
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France
{{Infobox Country
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Freetown
Freetown is the capital and largest city of Sierra Leone, a country in West Africa. It is a major port city on the Atlantic Ocean located in the Western Area of the country and with a population of 1,070,200 The city is the economic, financial, and cultural center of Sierra Leone. Many of the country's largest corporations locate their headquarters' home offices in Freetown as well as the majority of international companies. The city's economy revolves largely around its harbor - occupying a part of the estuary of the [[Sierra Leone River in one the world's largest natural
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French Open
The French Open ( or Tournoi de Roland-Garros, ) is a major tennis tournament held over two weeks between late May and early June in Paris, France, at the Stade Roland Garros. It is the second of the Grand Slam tournaments on the annual tennis calendar and the premier clay court tennis tournament in the world. Roland Garros is the only Grand Slam still held on clay and ends the spring clay court season.
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Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia () is a state located in the southeastern United States. Georgia was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788. It declared its secession from the Union on January 21, 1861, and was one of the original seven Confederate states. It was the last state to be restored to the Union, on July 15, 1870 and the only among the 13 that is explicitly named after a monarch; King George II of England.
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Germany
Germany (), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Western Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The territory of Germany covers 357.021 km2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state of the European Union, and home to the third-largest number of international migrants worldwide.
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Ghana
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Greece
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Grozny
Grozny (; , ) is the capital city of the Chechen Republic, Russia. The city lies on the Sunzha River. According to the 2002 Census, the city had a population of 210,720 people (a little more than half of the population a decade before) and in 2008 the city had a population of 230,100 people.
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Guatemala
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Haiti
Haiti (; French , ; Haitian Creole: Ayiti, ), officially the Republic of Haiti ( ;
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Hawaii
: For geographic details see Geography and environment or Hawaiian Islands.
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Hong Kong
Hong Kong () is one of two special administrative regions (SARs) of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the other being Macau. Situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour. With a land mass of and a population of seven million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. Hong Kong's population is 95 percent ethnic Chinese and 5 percent from other groups. Hong Kong's Han Chinese majority originate mainly from the cities of Guangzhou and Taishan in the neighbouring Guangdong province.
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Huesca
Huesca (; ) is a city in north-eastern Spain, within the autonomous community of Aragon. It is also the capital of the Spanish province of the same name and the comarca of Hoya de Huesca.
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India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Indian Ocean
The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world's oceanic divisions, covering about 20% of the water on the Earth's surface. It is bounded on the north by the Indian subcontinent; on the west by East Africa; on the east by Indochina, the Sunda Islands, and Australia; and on the south by the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, by Antarctica). It is the only ocean to be named after a country, i.e., India.
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Indonesia
Indonesia ( or ), officially the Republic of Indonesia (), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia comprises 17,508 islands. With a population of around 238 million people, it is the world's fourth most populous country, and has the world's largest population of Muslims. Indonesia is a republic, with an elected legislature and president. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies.
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Iraq
Iraq ( or , Arabic: ), officially the Republic of Iraq (Arabic:
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Ireland
Ireland (,; , ; Ulster Scots: Airlann) is the third-largest island in Europe and the twentieth-largest island in the world. It lies to the northwest of continental Europe and is surrounded by hundreds of islands and islets. To the east of Ireland is Great Britain, separated from it by the Irish Sea. The island is divided between the Republic of Ireland, which covers just under five-sixths of the island, and Northern Ireland, a part of the United Kingdom, which covers the remainder and is located in the northeast of the island. The population of Ireland is approximately 6.2 million people. Just under 4.5 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just under 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland.
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Irian Jaya
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Israel
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Italy
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Jakarta
Jakarta (; Indonesian: ), officially the Special Capital Territory of Jakarta, is the capital and largest city of Indonesia. Located on the northwest coast of Java, it has an area of and a 2010 census count population of 9,580,000. Jakarta is the country's economic, cultural and political centre. It is the most populous city in Indonesia and in Southeast Asia, and is the twelfth-largest city in the world. The metropolitan area, Jabodetabek, is the second largest in the world. Jakarta is listed as a global city in the 2008 Globalization and World Cities Study Group and Network (GaWC) research. The city's name is derived from the Old Javanese word "Jayakarta" which translates as "victorious deed", "complete act", or "complete victory".
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Japan
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Jordan, Montana
Jordan is a town in and the county seat of Garfield County, Montana, United States. The population was 364 at the 2000 census.
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Kabul
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Kampala
Kampala is the largest city and capital of Uganda. The city is divided into five boroughs that oversee local planning: Kampala Central, Kawempe Division, Makindye Division, Nakawa Division and Lubaga Division. The city is coterminous with Kampala District.
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Kashmir
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Kaspiysk
Kaspiysk (), until 1947 known as Dvigatelstroy (), is a town in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, located on the Caspian Sea some 18 km southeast of Makhachkala at . Population: 77,650 (2002 Census); 43,000 (1972). The town is home to a large naval storage facility that houses Russian hovercraft and ekranoplans.
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Khartoum
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Kinshasa
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La Fenice
Teatro La Fenice ("The Phoenix") is an opera house in Venice, Italy. It is one of the most famous theatres in Europe, the site of many famous operatic premieres. Its name reflects its role in permitting an opera company to "rise from the ashes" despite losing the use of two theatres (to fire and legal problems respectively). Since opening and being named La Fenice, it has burned and been rebuilt twice more.
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Lagos
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Las Vegas Strip
The Las Vegas Strip is an approximately stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard South in Clark County, Nevada. The Strip lies in the unincorporated areas of Paradise and Winchester. Most of "the Strip" has been designated an All-American Road.
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Lebanon
Lebanon ( or ; ; ), officially the Republic of Lebanon (Arabic: ; French: ), is a country on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland has dictated its rich history, and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity.
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Liberia
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Lima
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Llandudno
Llandudno () is a seaside resort and town in Conwy County Borough, Wales. In the 2001 UK census it had a population of 20,090 including that of Penrhyn Bay and Penrhynside, which are within the Llandudno Community. The town is just off the North Wales Coast railway line which was opened as the Chester and Holyhead Railway in 1848, became part of the London and North Western Railway in 1859, and part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway in 1923. Llandudno was specifically built as a mid-Victorian era holiday destination and is served by a branch railway line opened in 1858 from Llandudno Junction with stations at Deganwy and Llandudno.
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London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
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Malacañang Palace
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Manchester
Manchester () is a city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England. In 2009, the population of the city was estimated to be 483,800, making it the seventh-most populous local authority district in England. Manchester lies within one of the UK's largest metropolitan areas; the metropolitan county of Greater Manchester had an estimated population of 2,600,100, the Greater Manchester Urban Area a population of 2,240,230, and the Larger Urban Zone around Manchester, the second-most-populous in the UK, had an estimated population in the 2004 Urban Audit of 2,539,100. The demonym of Manchester is Mancunian.
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Mandalay Bay
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Manhattan, Kansas
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Marinduque
Marinduque (Filipino:Marinduke) is an island province of the Philippines located in the MIMAROPA region in Luzon. Its capital is Boac. Marinduque lies between Tayabas Bay to the north and Sibuyan Sea to the south. It is located south and west of Quezon, east of Mindoro, and north of Romblon.
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Midlothian
Midlothian (, , ) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. It borders the Scottish Borders, East Lothian and the City of Edinburgh council areas.
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Monrovia
:For alternate meanings, see Monrovia (disambiguation).
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Montana
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Moscow
Moscow ( or ; ; see also ) is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the world, a global city. Moscow is the most populous city on the continent of Europe and the seventh largest city proper in the world, a megacity. The population of Moscow (as of 1 January 2010) is 10,563,038.
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NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, ) is an Executive Branch agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's civilian space program and aeronautics and aerospace research. Since February 2006, NASA's self-described mission statement is to "pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research."
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NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO ( ; ), also called the "(North) Atlantic Alliance", is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The NATO headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, and the organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party.
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New Delhi
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New York
New York (; locally or ) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the north and west, and Quebec to the north. New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
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New Zealand
{{Infobox Country
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Niger
Niger ( or ; ), officially named the Republic of Niger, is a landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger River. It borders Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, Algeria and Libya to the north and Chad to the east. Niger covers a land area of almost 1,270,000 km2, over 80 percent of which is covered by the Sahara desert. The country's predominantly Islamic population of just above 15,000,000 is mostly clustered in the far south and west of the nation. The capital city is Niamey.
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Nigeria
Nigeria (), officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. Its coast in the south lies on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean. The three largest and most influential ethnic groups in Nigeria are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba. In terms of religion Nigeria is roughly split half and half between Muslims and Christians with a very small minority who practice traditional religion.
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Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.
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North Carolina
North Carolina () is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the Southern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte. North Carolina is now ranked as one of the top 3 leading States for Green Technology, Bio-Chemical Engineering, Medical Sciences, and Computer Engineering through the long-range research and development programs of Research Triangle Park (RTP), UNC Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State .
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North Korea
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Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland (, Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. Situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, it shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west. At the time of the 2001 UK Census, its population was 1,685,000, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the population of the United Kingdom.
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Northern Territory
The Northern Territory is a federal territory of Australia, occupying much of the centre of the mainland continent, as well as the central northern regions. It shares borders with Western Australia to the west (129th meridian east), South Australia to the south (26th parallel south), and Queensland to the east (138th meridian east).
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Nova Scotia
Nova Scotia (pronounced ; ) is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the most populous province in Atlantic Canada. The provincial capital is Halifax. Nova Scotia is the second-smallest province in Canada with an area of . As of 2009, the population is 940,397, which makes Nova Scotia the second-most-densely populated province.
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Pakistan
{{Infobox country
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Philippines
The Philippines ( ), officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (), is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam. The Sulu Sea to the southwest lies between the country and the island of Borneo, and to the south the Celebes Sea separates it from other islands of Indonesia. It is bounded on the east by the Philippine Sea. Its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and its tropical climate make the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons but have also endowed the country with natural resources and made it one of the richest areas of biodiversity in the world. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila.
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Portugal
Portugal (, ), officially the Portuguese Republic (; ), is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east. The Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are also part of Portugal.
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Qana
Qana also spelled Cana (in ) is a village in southern Lebanon located southeast of the city of Tyre and north of the border with Israel. The 10,000 residents of Qana are primarily Shiite Muslim although there is also a Christian community in the village.
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Quebec
Quebec or ( ) is a province in east-central Canada. It is the only Canadian province with a predominantly French-speaking population and the only one whose sole official language is French at the provincial level.
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Quezon City
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Republic of China
The Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, is a state in East Asia located off the east coast of mainland China. Subject to an ongoing dispute with the People's Republic of China (PRC) that has left it with limited formal diplomatic relations, the government of the Republic of China currently governs the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor islands. Neighbouring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
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Rhode Island
The State of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations, more commonly referred to as Rhode Island ( or ), is a state in the New England region of the United States. It is the smallest U.S. state by area. Rhode Island borders Connecticut to the west and Massachusetts to the north and east, and it shares a water boundary with New York's Long Island to the southwest.
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Romania
Romania ( ; dated: Rumania; ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, north of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south.
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Rome
Rome (; , ; ) is the capital of Italy and the country's largest and most populated city and comune, with over 2.7 million residents in . In 2006 the population of the metropolitan area was estimated by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development to have a population of 3.7 million.
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Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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Saguenay Flood
The Saguenay Flood () was a series of flash floods that hit the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada on July 19 and 20, 1996. It was the biggest overland flood in 20th century Canadian history.
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San Diego
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Sands Hotel
The Sands Hotel was a historic Las Vegas Strip hotel/casino that operated from December 15, 1952 to June 30, 1996. Designed by architect Wayne McAllister, the Sands was the seventh resort that opened on the Strip.
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Saudi Arabia
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Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland includes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
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Sea Empress
http://wn.com/Sea_Empress -
Seoul
{{Infobox settlement
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Shanghai Five
http://wn.com/Shanghai_Five -
Shaoyang
Shaoyang () is a prefecture-level city in Hunan province, People's Republic of China. Shaoyang is in the south west of Hunan, not far from Hengyang city.
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Sichuan Province
http://wn.com/Sichuan_Province -
Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone () (Krio: Sa Lone), officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea to the north and east, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest. Sierra Leone covers a total area of and has a population estimated at 6.5 million. It is a former British Colony and now a constitutional republic comprising three provinces and the Western Area; which are further divided into fourteen districts.
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South Africa
The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of Africa, with a coastline on the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. To the north lie Namibia, Botswana and Zimbabwe; to the east are Mozambique and Swaziland; while Lesotho is an independent country wholly surrounded by South African territory.
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South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK, , ) and sometimes referred to simply as Korea, is a state in East Asia, located on the southern portion of the Korean Peninsula. It is neighbored by the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the east, and North Korea to the north. Its capital is Seoul. South Korea lies in a temperate climate region with a predominantly mountainous terrain. Its territory covers a total area of 99,392 square kilometers and has a population of .
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Spain
Spain ( ; , ), officially the Kingdom of Spain (), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
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Sri Lanka
The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (commonly known as Sri Lanka (, , or ); ; , ) is a country and a sovereign state off souther coast of the Indian subcontinent. A island nation in South Asia, it was till 1972 known as Ceylon (, , or ). Sri Lanka is surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait.
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Sweden
http://wn.com/Sweden -
São Paulo
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Taiwan
Taiwan, also known (especially in the past) as Formosa (from , "Beautiful Island"), is an island situated in East Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It comprises most (99%) of the territory of the Republic of China (ROC) since the 1950s. The term "Taiwan" is also a common name to refer to the entire country of the Republic of China.
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Tanzania
The United Republic of Tanzania (; phonetical: tan-zann-ei-a; or sometimes tan-zanneia; ) is a country in central East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.
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The Hague
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Tirana
Tirana (, ) is the capital and the largest city of Albania. Modern Tirana was founded as an Ottoman town in 1614 by Sulejman Bargjini, a local ruler from Mullet, although the area has been continuously inhabited since antiquity. Tirana became Albania's capital city in 1920 and now it has a population of more than 600,000. The city is home to many universities and is the center of the political, economical, and cultural life of the country.
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Turkey
Turkey (), known officially as the Republic of Turkey (), is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between Eastern Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
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TWA Flight 800
Trans World Airlines Flight 800 (TWA 800), a Boeing 747-131, exploded and crashed into the Atlantic Ocean near East Moriches, New York, on July 17, 1996, at about 20:31 EDT (00:31, July 18 UTC), 12 minutes after takeoff, killing all 230 on board. TWA 800 was a scheduled international passenger flight from New York City, New York to Rome, Italy, with a stopover in Paris, France.
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Uganda
The Republic of Uganda ( or ) is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by Tanzania. The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, which is also bordered by Kenya and Tanzania.
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United Arab Emirates
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
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United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
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Uvira
Uvira is a city in the Democratic Republic of Congo, in the province of Sud-Kivu, located at the north end of Lake Tanganyika. There is a lake port called Kalundu at the southern end of the town, which provides links by boat to Kalemie, Kigoma in Tanzania, and to Bujumbura, the capital of Burundi (which is only 15 kilometers away).
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ValuJet Flight 592
ValuJet Flight 592 was a flight that crashed on May 11, 1996 en route from Miami International Airport in Miami, Florida, United States, to William B. Hartsfield Atlanta International Airport in Atlanta, Georgia. The crash and its aftermath destroyed the credibility of the low-cost carrier ValuJet Airlines, forcing it to merge with AirTran Airways and take the smaller airline's name.
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Venezuela
http://wn.com/Venezuela -
Venice
Venice ( , Venetian: Venesia) is a city in northern Italy known both for tourism and for industry, and is the capital of the region Veneto, with a population of about 272,000 (census estimate 1 January 2004). Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area (population 1,600,000).
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Vietnam
Vietnam ( ; , ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (, ), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by People's Republic of China (PRC) to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea, referred to as East Sea (), to the east. With a population of over 86 million, Vietnam is the 13th most populous country in the world.
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Wales
Wales ( ; pronounced ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of three million and is officially bilingual with the Welsh and English languages having equal status. The Welsh language is an important element of Welsh culture. Its decline has reversed over recent years, with Welsh speakers estimated to be around 20% of the population of Wales.
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West End of London
The West End of London (more commonly referred to as simply The West End) is an area of Central London, England, United Kingdom, containing many of the city's major tourist attractions, businesses, headquarters and the commercial West End theatres. Use of the term began in the early 19th century to describe fashionable areas to the west of Charing Cross. For strategic planning the area is identified as one of two international centres in the London Plan. The West End is the entertainment centre of the UK with the largest shopping district in Europe, the home of the UK theatre and film industry as well as numerous up-scale bars, restaurants, hotels and nightclubs.
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West Java
West Java (; ; acronym: Jabar), with a population around 43 million, is the most populous province of Indonesia. Located on the island of Java, it is slightly smaller in area than densely populated Taiwan, but nearly double the population. Its capital city is Bandung.
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Zagreb
Zagreb () is the capital and the largest city of the Republic of Croatia. It is situated in the northwest of the country, along the Sava river, at the southern slopes of the Medvednica mountain. Zagreb lies at an elevation of approximately above sea level. In 2008, Zagreb's population was 804,200.
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Zambia
The Republic of Zambia () is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west. The capital city is Lusaka, located in the south-central part of the country. The population is concentrated mainly around the Lusaka in the south and the Copperbelt to the northwest.
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Zimbabwe
Zimbabwe ( ; officially the Republic of Zimbabwe and formerly Southern Rhodesia, the Republic of Rhodesia, and Zimbabwe Rhodesia) is a landlocked country located in the southern part of the continent of Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo rivers. It is bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia to the northwest and Mozambique to the east. Zimbabwe has three official languages: English, Shona (a Bantu language), and Ndebele (also a Bantu language).
http://wn.com/Zimbabwe
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Abdullah Çatlı
http://wn.com/Abdullah_Çatlı -
Abdus Salam
http://wn.com/Abdus_Salam -
Abigail Breslin
Abigail Kathleen Breslin (born April 14, 1996) is an American teen actress. She is one of the youngest actresses ever to be nominated for a competitive Academy Award.
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Adolf Galland
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Al Gore
Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr. (born March 31, 1948) served as the 45th Vice President of the United States from 1993 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. He was the Democratic Party nominee for President in the 2000 U.S. presidential election.
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Alanis Morissette
Alanis Nadine Morissette (born June 1, 1974) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, record producer and actor. She has won 16 Juno Awards and seven Grammy Awards.
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Albert R. Broccoli
Albert Romolo Broccoli, CBE (Hon) (5 April 1909 – 27 June 1996), nicknamed "Cubby", was an American film producer, who made more than 40 motion pictures throughout his career, most of them in the United Kingdom, and often filmed at Pinewood Studios. Co-founder of Danjaq, LLC and EON Productions, Broccoli is most notable as the producer of the James Bond films. He and Harry Saltzman saw the films from relatively low-budget origins to large-budget, high-grossing extravaganzas, and Broccoli's heirs continue to produce new Bond films.
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Alger Hiss
http://wn.com/Alger_Hiss -
Alija Izetbegović
http://wn.com/Alija_Izetbegović -
Aliki Vougiouklaki
Aliki Vougiouklaki (; July 20, 1933/1934 - July 23, 1996) was a Greek actress. She is considered as one of the most popular and successful actresses of Greek cinema.
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Allisyn Ashley Arm
Allisyn Ashley Arm (born April 25, 1996) is an American actress. Since 2009, Arm is known for her role as Zora Lancaster on Sonny with a Chance.
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Andreas Papandreou
Andreas G. Papandreou (); February 5, 1919 - June 23, 1996) was a Greek economist, a socialist politician and a dominant figure in Greek politics. He served two terms as Prime Minister of Greece (21 October 1981, to 2 July 1989, and 13 October 1993, to 22 January 1996). In 1999, Papandreou was posthumously awarded the Swedish Order of the Polar Star.
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Anna Margaret
Anna Margaret Collins (born June 12, 1996) is an American singer, songwriter and actress. She became known worldwide for singing for the Disney Channel Original Movie, Starstruck singing two songs "Something About The Sunshine" and "New Boyfriend".
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Annabella (actress)
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Arleigh Burke
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Arthur Axmann
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Atal Bihari Vajpayee
Atal Bihari Vajpayee (, ) (born 25 December 1924) is an Indian statesman, who served as the 11th Prime Minister of India. After a brief stint as Prime Minister in 1996, Vajpayee headed a coalition government from 19 March 1998 until 19 May 2004. He served as a Member of Parliament (MP) from Lucknow until 2009, and has since retired from active politics. He is called 'Vikas Purush' (Man of Progress/Development) of Indian Politics and was also referred to as 'Bhishma Pitamah of this era'.
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Audrey Meadows
http://wn.com/Audrey_Meadows -
Babrak Karmal
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Barbara Jordan
Barbara Charline Jordan (February 21, 1936 – January 17, 1996) was an American politician from Texas. She served as a congresswoman in the United States House of Representatives from 1973 to 1979.
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Begum Khaleda Zia
http://wn.com/Begum_Khaleda_Zia -
Ben Johnson (actor)
Ben "Son" Johnson, Jr. (June 13, 1918 – April 8, 1996) was an American motion picture actor who was mainly cast in Westerns. He was also a rodeo cowboy, stuntman, and rancher.
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Benazir Bhutto
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Benjamin Netanyahu
Benjamin "Bibi" Netanyahu (, also Binyamin Netanyahu, born 21 October 1949) is the ninth and current Prime Minister of Israel, serving since March 2009. Netanyahu also serves as the current Chairman of the Likud Party, as a Knesset member, as the Health Minister of Israel, as the Pensioner Affairs Minister of Israel and as the Economic Strategy Minister of Israel.
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Beryl Reid
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Bibi Besch
Bibiana "Bibi" Besch (February 1, 1940 – September 7, 1996) was an Austrian/American actress.
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Bill Clinton
William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19, 1946) is the former 42nd President of the United States and served from 1993 to 2001. At 46 he was the third-youngest president. He became president at the end of the Cold War, and was the first baby boomer president. His wife, Hillary Rodham Clinton, is currently the United States Secretary of State. Each received a Juris Doctor (J.D.) from Yale Law School.
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Bill Monroe
William Smith Monroe (September 13, 1911 – September 9, 1996) was an American musician who helped develop the style of music known as bluegrass, which takes its name from his band, the "Blue Grass Boys," named for Monroe's home state of Kentucky. Monroe's performing career spanned 60 years as a singer, instrumentalist, composer and bandleader. He is often referred to as The Father of Bluegrass.
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Blaine Johnson
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Bob Dole
Robert Joseph "Bob" Dole (born July 22, 1923) is an American attorney and politician. He represented Kansas in the United States Senate from 1969 to 1996, served as Gerald Ford's Vice Presidential running mate in the 1976 presidential election, and was Senate Majority Leader from 1985 to 1987 and in 1995 and 1996. Dole was the Republican party nominee in the presidential election of 1996, but he lost to incumbent Democrat Bill Clinton. Dole is currently special counsel at the Washington, D.C. office of law firm Alston & Bird.
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Bob Paisley
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Bob Shaw
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Bodo people
The Bodos (pronounced BO-ros) are an ethnic and linguistic community, early settlers of Assam in the North-East of India. According to the 1991 census, there were 1.2 million Bodos in Assam which makes for 5.3% of the total population in the state. Bodos belong to a larger ethnic group called the Bodo-Kachari. The Bodos are recognized as a plains tribe in the Sixth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. Udalguri and Kokrajhar are considered the center of the Bodo area.
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Boone Guyton
Boone Tarleton Guyton United States Navy, (September 4, 1913 - April 4, 1996) was a Naval Aviation Cadet, experimental test pilot, author and businessman. In a flying career spanning the bi-plane era through the jet age, Guyton was perhaps best known for his test pilot years at Vought-Sikorsky (Chance Vought) and his participation in the development of the F4U Corsair and various other military aircraft including the OS2U Kingfisher and the radical Vought V-173 flying pancake.
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Boris Yeltsin
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Brad Nowell
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Brigitte Helm
Brigitte Helm (17 March 1908 – 11 June 1996) was a German actress, best-remembered for her dual role as Maria and her double, the Maschinenmensch, in Fritz Lang's 1927 silent film Metropolis.
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Brownie McGhee
Walter Brown ("Brownie") McGhee (November 30, 1915 - February 16, 1996) was a blues singer and guitarist best known for his collaborations with the harmonica player Sonny Terry.
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Burhanuddin Rabbani
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Burt Rutan
Elbert Leander "Burt" Rutan (born June 17, 1943) is an American aerospace engineer noted for his originality in designing light, strong, unusual-looking, energy-efficient aircraft. He is famous for his design of the record-breaking Voyager, which was the first plane to fly around the world without stopping or refueling, and the sub-orbital spaceplane SpaceShipOne, which won the Ansari X-Prize in 2004 for becoming the first privately funded spacecraft to enter the realm of space twice within a two week period. He has four aircraft on display in the National Air and Space Museum: SpaceShipOne, the Virgin Atlantic GlobalFlyer, Voyager, and the VariEze.
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Camilla Horn
Camilla Horn (25 April 1903, Frankfurt am Main - 14 August 1996) was a former German dancer and a film star of the silent and sound era. She starred in several Hollywood films of the late 1920s and in a few British and Italian productions.
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Carl Sagan
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Carl Stokes
Carl Burton Stokes (June 21, 1927–April 3, 1996) was an American politician of the Democratic party who served as the 51st mayor of Cleveland, Ohio. Elected on November 7, 1967, but took office on Jan 1, 1968, he was the first African American mayor of a major U.S. city. Fellow Ohioan Robert C. Henry was the first African American mayor of any U.S. city (Springfield, elected 1966).
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Chechnya
http://wn.com/Chechnya -
Chen Jingrun
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Chris Acland
Chris Acland (7 September 1966 – 17 October 1996) was an English musician, best known for being the drummer of the London based shoegazing and britpop musical ensemble, Lush.
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Chun Doo-hwan
Chun Doo-hwan (born January 18, 1931) was a former ROK Army general and the President of South Korea from 1980 to 1988. Chun was sentenced to death in 1996 for the Gwangju massacre, but later pardoned by President Kim Young-sam with the advice of then President-elect Kim Dae-jung, whom Chun himself had sentenced to death some 20 years earlier.
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Clarence Wijewardena
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Claudette Colbert
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Colin Ford
Colin Ford is an American actor and voice actor. He is best known for his role as Jackson Patch in Dog Days of Summer and as young Sam Winchester in the 2005 TV Series, Supernatural. He has also been in American Family.
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Costas Simitis
Konstantinos Simitis () (born 23 June 1936), usually referred to as Costas Simitis or Kostas Simitis, was Prime Minister of Greece and leader of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) from 1996 to 2004.
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Cymphonique Miller
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Dana Hill
http://wn.com/Dana_Hill -
Danish people
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David Packard
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David Tudor
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Desmond Tutu
Desmond Mpilo Tutu (born 7 October 1931) is a South African activist and Christian cleric who rose to worldwide fame during the 1980s as an opponent of apartheid. He was the first black South African Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town, South Africa, and primate of the Church of the Province of Southern Africa (now the Anglican Church of Southern Africa).
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Don McNeill (tennis)
: This article is about tennis player Don McNeill. For the radio host, see Don McNeill (performer).
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Don Simpson
:This page is about the Hollywood film producer. For the article about the comic book artist, see Don Simpson.
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Dorothy Lamour
Dorothy Lamour (December 10, 1914 – September 22, 1996) was an American film actress. She is probably best-remembered for appearing in the Road to... movies, a series of successful comedies co-starring Bob Hope and Bing Crosby.
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Douglas D. Osheroff
Douglas Dean Osheroff (born August 1, 1945) is an American physicist who shared the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physics with David Lee and Robert C. Richardson "for their discovery of superfluidity in helium-3"
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Dunblane massacre
The Dunblane massacre was a multiple murder-suicide which occurred at Dunblane Primary School in the Scottish city of Dunblane on 13 March 1996. Sixteen children and one adult were killed by Thomas Watt Hamilton, before he committed suicide.
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Dzhokhar Dudayev
Dzhokhar Musayevich Dudayev (; ) (February 1944 – April 21, 1996) was a Soviet Air Force general and a Chechen leader, the first President of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria, a breakaway state in the North Caucasus.
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Eddie Harris
Eddie Harris (October 20, 1934 – November 5, 1996) was an American jazz musician, best known for playing tenor saxophone and for introducing the electrically amplified saxophone. He was also fluent on the electric piano and organ. His best-known compositions are "Freedom Jazz Dance", recorded and popularized by Miles Davis in the 1960s and "Listen Here". He also invented the saxobone.
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Edmund Muskie
Edmund Sixtus "Ed" Muskie (March 28, 1914 – March 26, 1996) was an American Democratic politician from Rumford, Maine. He served as the 64th Governor of Maine, as U.S. Senator, and as U.S. Secretary of State. He was the Democratic nominee for Vice President in 1968, and was a candidate for the 1972 Democratic presidential nomination.
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Edward Blishen
Edward Blishen (29 April 1920 - 13 December 1996) was an English author. He is perhaps best known for three books: A Cack-Handed War (1972), a story set in the backdrop of the Second World War, The God Beneath the Sea (1970), a collaboration with Leon Garfield that won the Carnegie Medal and "Roaring Boys"(1955),an honest account of teaching in a London secondary modern school in the 1950s and a book still valuable to understand teaching in a "rough" part of a city.
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Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, born 21 April 1926) is the reigning queen and head of state of 16 independent sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, and Saint Kitts and Nevis. In addition, as Head of the Commonwealth, she is the figurehead of the 54-member Commonwealth of Nations and, as the British monarch, she is the Supreme Governor of the Church of England.
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Ella Fitzgerald
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Emil Constantinescu
Emil Constantinescu (; born November 19, 1939) was President of Romania from 1996 to 2000.
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Endel Puusepp
Endel Puusepp or Endel Pusep (, ) (May 1, 1909 - June 18, 1996) was a Soviet Estonian World War II pilot who successfully completed over 30 night-time long-range bombing missions against Nazi Germany. He was a recipient of the Hero of the Soviet Union award for flying a high-ranking Soviet delegation over the front line from Moscow to Washington, D.C. and back to negotiate the opening of the Western Front.
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Eno Raud
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Eric Hebborn
Eric Hebborn [http://www.artfakes.dk/hebborn3.jpg](1934- 11 January 1996) was a British painter and art forger and later an author.
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Eric Malpass
Eric Lawson Malpass (14 November 1910—16 October 1996) was an English novelist noted for his humorous and witty descriptions of rural family life, in particular that of his creation, the extended Pentecost family. However, Malpass also wrote historical fiction, ranging in scope from the late Middle Ages to Edwardian England.
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Eric Wynalda
Eric Boswell Wynalda (born June 9, 1969 in Fullerton, California) is a retired American soccer player and sports broadcaster. He was the co-host of Fox Football Fone-In on Fox Soccer Channel and is currently employeed as the president of international operations at Mexican third division club Murcielagos.
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Erik Wickberg
Erik Wickberg (July 6, 1904 – July 5, 1996) was the 9th General of The Salvation Army (1969-1974).
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Erma Bombeck
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Eva Cassidy
http://wn.com/Eva_Cassidy -
Eva Hart
Eva Miriam Hart MBE (January 31, 1905 – February 14, 1996) was one of the last remaining survivors of the sinking of the RMS Titanic on April 15, 1912.
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Evelyn Laye
Evelyn Laye, OBE (10 July 1900 – 17 February 1996) was an English theatre and film actress.
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F. W. de Klerk
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Fahd of Saudi Arabia
King Fahd bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud, Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, (16 March 1921 – 1 August 2005) was the King of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Head of the House of Saud as well as Prime Minister. One of forty-five sons of Saudi founder Ibn Saud, and the fourth of his five sons who have ruled the Kingdom (Saud, Faisal, Khalid, Fahd, and Abdullah), Fahd ascended to the throne on the death of his half-brother, King Khalid, on 13 June 1982.
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Faron Young
Faron Young (February 25, 1932 – December 10, 1996) was an American country music singer and songwriter from the early 1950s into the mid-1980s and one of its most colorful stars. Hits including "If You Ain't Lovin' (You Ain't Livin')" and "Live Fast, Love Hard, Die Young" marked him as a honky tonk singer in sound and personal style; and his chart-topping singles "Hello Walls" and "It's Four in the Morning" showed his versatility as a vocalist. Known as the Hillbilly Heartthrob, and following a movie role, the Singing Sheriff, Young's singles reliably charted for more than 30 years. He committed suicide in 1996. Young is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame.
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Farooq Leghari
Sardar Farooq Ahmad Khan Leghari (Punjabi, lang-ur|) (born May 29, 1940) was the eighth President of Pakistan from November 14, 1993 until December 2, 1997. He was the first Balouch President of Pakistan.
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Fearless Nadia
Fearless Nadia (8 January 1908 - 9 January 1996) was a famous Indian film actress and stuntwoman, who is most remembered the masked, cloaked adventuress in Hunterwali (The Princess and the Hunter) made in 1935 , which was one of the earliest female lead Indian films .
http://wn.com/Fearless_Nadia -
Felipe González
http://wn.com/Felipe_González -
Frank Daniel
http://wn.com/Frank_Daniel -
František Plánička
http://wn.com/František_Plánička -
François Mitterrand
http://wn.com/François_Mitterrand -
Frederick Chiluba
Frederick Jacob Titus Chiluba (born April 30, 1943) is a Zambian politician who was the second President of Zambia from 1991 to 2002. Chiluba, a trade union leader, won the country's multi-party presidential election in 1991 as the candidate of the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD), defeating long-time President Kenneth Kaunda. He was re-elected in 1996. As he was unable to run for a third term in 2001, former Vice President Levy Mwanawasa instead ran as the MMD candidate and succeeded him. After leaving office, Chiluba was the subject of a long investigation and trial regarding alleged corruption; he was eventually acquitted in 2009.
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G. David Schine
Gerard David Schine, better known as G. David Schine (September 11, 1927 – June 19, 1996), was a wealthy heir to a hotel chain fortune who received national attention when he became a central figure in the Army-McCarthy Hearings of 1954 in his role as the chief consultant to the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations.
http://wn.com/G_David_Schine -
Garry Kasparov
Garry Kimovich Kasparov (, ; born Garry Kimovich Weinstein, 13 April 1963) is a Russian (formerly Soviet) chess grandmaster, a former World Chess Champion, writer, and political activist, whom many consider the greatest chess player of all time.
http://wn.com/Garry_Kasparov -
Gene Kelly
Eugene Curran "Gene" Kelly (August 23, 1912 – February 2, 1996) was an American dancer, actor, singer, film director and producer, and choreographer. A major exponent of 20th century filmed dance, Kelly was known for his energetic and athletic dancing style, his good looks and the likeable characters that he played on screen.
http://wn.com/Gene_Kelly -
Gene Nelson
Gene Nelson (March 24, 1920 - September 16, 1996) was an American dancer, actor, screenwriter, and director.
http://wn.com/Gene_Nelson -
Geoffrey Wilkinson
Sir Geoffrey Wilkinson (14 July 1921 – 26 September 1996) was a Nobel laureate English chemist who pioneered inorganic chemistry and homogeneous transition metal catalysis.
http://wn.com/Geoffrey_Wilkinson -
George Burns
George Burns (January 20, 1896 – March 9, 1996), born Nathan Birnbaum, was an American comedian, actor, and writer.
http://wn.com/George_Burns -
George Davis Snell
George Davis Snell (December 19, 1903 – June 6, 1996) was an American mouse geneticist and basic transplant immunologist.
http://wn.com/George_Davis_Snell -
George W. Jenkins
George Washington Jenkins (September 29, 1907 – April 8, 1996) was an American businessman and founder of Publix Super Markets. In 1930, despite the Great Depression, Jenkins risked his career and everything he had to start a new grocery store. He named the chain Publix.
http://wn.com/George_W_Jenkins -
Gerry Mulligan
http://wn.com/Gerry_Mulligan -
Gino Gallagher
Gino Gallagher was an Irish republican who was Chief of Staff of the Irish National Liberation Army. He was killed in Belfast on 30 January 1996, while waiting in line for his unemployment benefit.
http://wn.com/Gino_Gallagher -
Greer Garson
Greer Garson, CBE (29 September 1904 – 6 April 1996) was a British-born actress who was very popular during World War II. As one of MGM's major stars of the 1940s, Garson received seven Academy Award nominations, winning the Best Actress award for Mrs. Miniver (1942). She was often cast in films with Walter Pidgeon as her co-star.
http://wn.com/Greer_Garson -
Greg Morris
Francis Gregory Alan "Greg" Morris (September 27, 1933 – August 27, 1996) was an American television and movie actor.
http://wn.com/Greg_Morris -
Gustave Solomon
Gustave Solomon (October 27, 1930 – January 31, 1996) was a mathematician and engineer who was one of the founders of the algebraic theory of error-correction. He received Ph.D. in Mathematics at MIT in 1956 under direction of Kenkichi Iwasawa.
http://wn.com/Gustave_Solomon -
Guy Madison
http://wn.com/Guy_Madison -
Göran Kropp
http://wn.com/Göran_Kropp -
Hailee Steinfeld
Hailee Steinfeld is an American actress from Thousand Oaks, California. She attended Conejo Elementary and Colina Middle School. She left Colina to be homeschooled towards the end of her first year at Colina in sixth grade.
http://wn.com/Hailee_Steinfeld -
Haing S. Ngor
Dr. Haing Somnang Ngor (March 22, 1940 – February 25, 1996) was a Cambodian American physician, actor and author who is best known for winning the 1985 Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his debut performance in the movie The Killing Fields, in which he portrayed Cambodian journalist and refugee Dith Pran. His mother was Khmer and his father was of Chinese descent. Ngor and Harold Russell are the only two non-professional actors to win an Academy Award in an acting category. As of 2010, Dr. Ngor remains the only Asian to win an Oscar for Best Supporting Actor.
http://wn.com/Haing_S_Ngor -
Hans List
http://wn.com/Hans_List -
Helmut Schon
http://wn.com/Helmut_Schon -
Herb Edelman
Herbert "Herb" Edelman (November 5, 1933 – July 21, 1996) was an American actor of stage, film and television. He was twice nominated for an Emmy Award for his television work. One of his best remembered roles was as Stanley Zbornak, the ex-husband of Dorothy Zbornak (played by Beatrice Arthur) on the long-running situation comedy, The Golden Girls. He also had a recurring role on the 1980s medical drama St. Elsewhere.
http://wn.com/Herb_Edelman -
Herk Harvey
Harold Arnold "Herk" Harvey (June 3, 1924 – April 3, 1996) was an American film director, actor, and film producer.
http://wn.com/Herk_Harvey -
Herman Daly
Herman Daly (born 1938) is an American ecological economist and professor at the School of Public Policy of University of Maryland, College Park in the United States.
http://wn.com/Herman_Daly -
Hillevi Rombin
http://wn.com/Hillevi_Rombin -
Hong Kong
Hong Kong () is one of two special administrative regions (SARs) of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the other being Macau. Situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour. With a land mass of and a population of seven million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. Hong Kong's population is 95 percent ethnic Chinese and 5 percent from other groups. Hong Kong's Han Chinese majority originate mainly from the cities of Guangzhou and Taishan in the neighbouring Guangdong province.
http://wn.com/Hong_Kong -
Hosni Mubarak
http://wn.com/Hosni_Mubarak -
Howard Rollins
Howard Ellsworth Rollins, Jr. (October 17, 1950 – December 8, 1996) was an American television, film, and stage actor. He is perhaps best known for his portrayal of Coalhouse Walker, Jr. in the film Ragtime, and for his portrayal of Virgil Tibbs in the NBC/CBS television series In the Heat of the Night.
http://wn.com/Howard_Rollins -
Imam Alimsultanov
http://wn.com/Imam_Alimsultanov -
Irving Caesar
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http://wn.com/Irving_Caesar -
Jack Kemp
http://wn.com/Jack_Kemp -
Jacques Chirac
http://wn.com/Jacques_Chirac -
James Mirrlees
Sir James Alexander Mirrlees, FBA (born 5 July 1936) is a Scottish economist and winner of the 1996 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences. He was knighted in 1998.
http://wn.com/James_Mirrlees -
James R. Jordan, Sr.
http://wn.com/James_R_Jordan_Sr -
Jane Drew
Dame Jane Drew, DBE, FRIBA (24 March 1911 – 27 July 1996) was an English modernist architect and town planner. She qualified at the AA School in London, and prior to World War II became one of the leading exponents of the Modern Movement in London.
http://wn.com/Jane_Drew -
Jason Bernard
Jason Bernard (May 17, 1938 – October 16, 1996) was an American actor who starred in movies and on television.
http://wn.com/Jason_Bernard -
Jason Thirsk
http://wn.com/Jason_Thirsk -
Jean-Bédel Bokassa
http://wn.com/Jean-Bédel_Bokassa -
Jeff Krosnoff
http://wn.com/Jeff_Krosnoff -
Jeffrey Lee Pierce
Jeffrey Lee Pierce (June 27, 1958 - March 31, 1996) was an American singer, songwriter and guitarist. He was one of the founding members of the 1980s punk band The Gun Club. He was a founding member of The Red Lights before forming The Gun Club and released several solo albums.
http://wn.com/Jeffrey_Lee_Pierce -
Jerry McCabe
http://wn.com/Jerry_McCabe -
Jerry Rawlings
http://wn.com/Jerry_Rawlings -
Jerry Siegel
http://wn.com/Jerry_Siegel -
Jessica Mitford
http://wn.com/Jessica_Mitford -
Jo Van Fleet
Jo Van Fleet (December 30, 1914 – June 10, 1996) was an American theatre and film actress.
http://wn.com/Jo_Van_Fleet -
Joanne Dru
http://wn.com/Joanne_Dru -
Joe Klein
http://wn.com/Joe_Klein -
Joel Courtney
http://wn.com/Joel_Courtney -
John Alton
http://wn.com/John_Alton -
John Chancellor
John William Chancellor (July 14, 1927 – July 12, 1996) was a well-known American journalist who spent most of his career with NBC News. He served as anchor of the NBC Nightly News from 1970 to 1982.
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John D. Bulkeley
Vice Admiral John Duncan Bulkeley (August 19, 1911 – April 6, 1996) was a United States Navy officer who received the Medal of Honor for actions in the Pacific Theater during World War II. He was also the PT boat skipper who evacuated General MacArthur from Corregidor in the Philippines and commanded at the Battle of La Ciotat. The Navy named an guided missile destroyer after him: , commissioned in 2001.
http://wn.com/John_D_Bulkeley -
John Howard
John Winston Howard, AC SSI (born 26 July 1939) was the 25th Prime Minister of Australia, from 11 March 1996 to 3 December 2007. He was the second-longest serving Australian Prime Minister after Sir Robert Menzies.
http://wn.com/John_Howard -
John Panozzo
http://wn.com/John_Panozzo -
John Snagge
http://wn.com/John_Snagge -
John Young (actor)
http://wn.com/John_Young_(actor) -
Jon Pertwee
http://wn.com/Jon_Pertwee -
Jonathan Larson
http://wn.com/Jonathan_Larson -
Jonathan Melvoin
http://wn.com/Jonathan_Melvoin -
Jorge Sampaio
Jorge Fernando Branco de Sampaio, GColTE, GCIH, GColL () is a Portuguese lawyer, politician, and the 18th President of the Republic. His brother is the teenage-psychiatrist and writer Daniel Sampaio.
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Joseph Brodsky
http://wn.com/Joseph_Brodsky -
José María Aznar
http://wn.com/José_María_Aznar -
José Ramos-Horta
http://wn.com/José_Ramos-Horta -
Juliet Prowse
http://wn.com/Juliet_Prowse -
Julius Maada Bio
Brigadier General (Ret.) Julius Maada Bio (born on October 30, 1964 in Segbwema, Kailahun District) is a former Sierra Leonean Head of State. Bio is an ethnic Mende from a ruling (paramount chief) house in the East. He led a coup in Sierra Leone on January 16, 1996, ousting the head of the NPRC junta Valentine Strasser following a division within the governing Sumpreme Council of State (SCS) over whether to seek peace with the RUF before multi-party elections, planned for March 1996, or go ahead with the election notwithstanding the ongoing war in the country, and the conditions for participation (or disqualification) of junta members in the elections. As a Captain in the Army, Bio was one of the junior officers who participated in the April 1992 coup that ousted the All Peoples Congress (APC) led One-party dictaorial government. His first appointment following the formation of the NPRC was as the Secretary of State South, stationed in the country's second capital Bo. He was later moved to Freetown to serve as Secretary of State in charge of Information and Broadcasting. As a leading member of the coup that kicked out the One-party Government Bio served as SCS member throughout the NPRC's stay in power and when Strasser's deputy, captain S.A.J. Musa, was sacked and exiled to the UK Bio was appointed to the position and a few months later was promoted from captain to Brigadier-General, making him one of the two most senior military officers in the Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF)(senior to Head of State captain Strasser and equal in rank to the Army Chief of Staff).
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Karl Targownik
Karl Kalman Targownik (June 17, 1915 - January 2, 1996) was a psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor.
http://wn.com/Karl_Targownik -
Kebby Musokotwane
Kebby Musokotwane (1946–11 February 1996) was a politician from Zambia. He was a member of the United National Independence Party and one of the closest allies of former President Kenneth Kaunda. Musokotwane served as Prime Minister of Zambia from 24 April 1985 until 15 March 1989. He then became secretary-general of the UNIP. When Kaunda stepped down as President of the party in 1992, following the party's election defeat in 1991, Musokotwane was elected President of the party, with Kaunda's support. In 1993 he was embroiled in scandal when he admitted that a radical faction of the party was conspiring to topple the new government of Frederick Chiluba. He died on 11 February 1996.
http://wn.com/Kebby_Musokotwane -
Kevin Gilbert
Kevin Matthew Gilbert (November 20, 1966 - May 17, 1996) was an American songwriter, musician, composer, producer and collaborator born in Sacramento, California and lived in San Mateo, California through high school. He died at age 29 in Los Angeles from apparent autoerotic asphyxiation.
http://wn.com/Kevin_Gilbert -
King Fahd
http://wn.com/King_Fahd -
Kishan Shrikanth
http://wn.com/Kishan_Shrikanth -
Kodi Smit-McPhee
Kodi Smit-McPhee (born June 13, 1996) is an Australian actor, probably best known for his role in The Road.
http://wn.com/Kodi_Smit-McPhee -
Kofi Annan
Kofi Atta Annan (born 8 April 1938) is a Ghanaian diplomat who served as the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1 January 1997 to 31 December 2006. Annan and the United Nations were the co-recipients of the 2001 Nobel Peace Prize for his founding the Global AIDS and Health Fund to support developing countries in their struggle to care for their people.
http://wn.com/Kofi_Annan -
Krzysztof Kieślowski
http://wn.com/Krzysztof_Kieślowski -
Kusuo Kitamura
http://wn.com/Kusuo_Kitamura -
Lamberto Dini
(born March 1, 1931) is an Italian politician and economist, the 75th Prime Minister and Foreign Minister.
http://wn.com/Lamberto_Dini -
Larry LaPrise
Larry LaPrise (Roland Lawrence LaPrise, born: 11 November 1912 in Detroit, Michigan, died: 04 April 1996 in Gooding, Idaho) at one point held the U.S. copyright for the song Hokey Pokey.
http://wn.com/Larry_LaPrise -
Lash La Rue
http://wn.com/Lash_La_Rue -
Laura La Plante
Laura La Plante (November 1, 1904 - October 14, 1996) was an American actress, best-known for her roles in silent films.
http://wn.com/Laura_La_Plante -
Laurent Kabila
http://wn.com/Laurent_Kabila -
Lee Teng-hui
Lee Teng-hui (; born 15 January 1923) is a politician of the Republic of China (commonly known as Taiwan). He was the 7th, 8th, and 9th-term President of the Republic of China and Chairman of the Kuomintang (KMT) from 1988 to 2000. He presided over major advancements in democratic reforms including his own re-election which marked the first direct presidential election for the Republic of China. The first native Taiwanese to become ROC president and KMT chairman, Lee promoted the Taiwanese localization movement and led an aggressive foreign policy to gain diplomatic allies. Critics accused him of betraying the party he headed, secret support of Taiwanese independence, and involvement in corruption (black gold politics).
http://wn.com/Lee_Teng-hui -
Leila Mackinlay
http://wn.com/Leila_Mackinlay -
Leon Garfield
http://wn.com/Leon_Garfield -
Leonor Fini
Leonor Fini (August 30, 1907January 18, 1996) was an Argentine surrealist painter.
http://wn.com/Leonor_Fini -
Les Baxter
http://wn.com/Les_Baxter -
Leslie Crowther
Leslie Crowther, CBE (6 February 1933 –
http://wn.com/Leslie_Crowther -
Lew Ayres
Lew Ayres, born Lewis Frederick Ayres III (December 28, 1908 – December 30, 1996) was an American actor, probably best known for his role as Dr. Kildare in several movies, which was apt since originally he had studied medicine at the University of Arizona.
http://wn.com/Lew_Ayres -
Liam James
Liam James (born August 7, 1996 in Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian child actor. He portrayed the main/recurring role of young Shawn Spencer on the USA Network original television series Psych. James has acted in various film roles, including Fred Claus, Horsemen, , Things We Lost in the Fire, Good Luck Chuck and 2012.
http://wn.com/Liam_James -
Lincoln Kirstein
http://wn.com/Lincoln_Kirstein -
Louise Jensen
http://wn.com/Louise_Jensen -
Luana Patten
Luana Patten (July 6, 1938 – May 1, 1996) was an American actress.
http://wn.com/Luana_Patten -
Lucille Bremer
Lucille Bremer (February 21, 1917 – April 16, 1996) was an American film actress and dancer.
http://wn.com/Lucille_Bremer -
Lyle Talbot
Lyle Talbot (February 8, 1902–March 2, 1996), born Lisle Henderson, was an American actor on stage and screen, best known for playing Joe Randolph on television's The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet and for his long career in films from 1931 to 1960.
http://wn.com/Lyle_Talbot -
Madeline Carroll
Madeline Carroll (born March 18, 1996) is an American teen actress.
http://wn.com/Madeline_Carroll -
Mahamane Ousmane
http://wn.com/Mahamane_Ousmane -
Marcel Carné
http://wn.com/Marcel_Carné -
Margaux Hemingway
Margaux Hemingway (February 16, 1954 – July 1, 1996) was an American fashion model and actress.
http://wn.com/Margaux_Hemingway -
Margret Rey
Margret Elizabeth Rey (May 10, 1906 – December 21, 1996), born Margarete Elisabeth Waldstein, was (with her husband H. A. Rey), the co-author and illustrator of children's books, the most famous of which are the Curious George series.
http://wn.com/Margret_Rey -
Marguerite Duras
http://wn.com/Marguerite_Duras -
Mark Lenard
Mark Lenard (15 October 1924 - 22 November 1996) was an American actor, primarily in television.
http://wn.com/Mark_Lenard -
Martin Balsam
Martin Balsam (November 4, 1919February 13, 1996) was an American actor. He is known for his Oscar-winning role as "Arnold Burns" in A Thousand Clowns and his role as "Detective Milton Arbogast" in Psycho.
http://wn.com/Martin_Balsam -
Martina Hingis
http://wn.com/Martina_Hingis -
Mary Leakey
Mary Leakey (February 6, 1913 – December 9, 1996) was a British archaeologist and anthropologist, who discovered the first skull of a fossil ape on Rusinga Island and also a noted robust Australopithecine called Zinjanthropus at Olduvai. For much of her career she worked together with her husband, Louis Leakey, in Olduvai Gorge, uncovering the tools and fossils of ancient hominines. She developed a system for classifying the stone tools found at Olduvai. She also discovered the Laetoli footprints. In 1960 she became director of excavation at Olduvai and subsequently took it over, building her own staff. After the death of her husband she became a leading palaeoanthropologist, helping to establish the Leakey tradition by training her son, Richard, in the field.
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María Casares
http://wn.com/María_Casares -
Masaki Kobayashi
was a Japanese director.
http://wn.com/Masaki_Kobayashi -
Max Manus
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http://wn.com/Max_Manus -
McLean Stevenson
http://wn.com/McLean_Stevenson -
Mel Allen
http://wn.com/Mel_Allen -
Michael Jordan
Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963) is a former American professional basketball player, active businessman, and majority owner of the Charlotte Bobcats. His biography on the National Basketball Association (NBA) website states, "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time." Jordan was one of the most effectively marketed athletes of his generation and was instrumental in popularizing the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s.
http://wn.com/Michael_Jordan -
Mieczysław Weinberg
http://wn.com/Mieczysław_Weinberg -
Minnie Pearl
http://wn.com/Minnie_Pearl -
Mireille Hartuch
Mireille Hartuch (September 30, 1906 – December 29, 1996) was a French singer, composer, and actress. She was generally known by the stage name "Mireille".
http://wn.com/Mireille_Hartuch -
Mohammad Najibullah
Mohammad Najibullah Ahmadzai (), originally just Najib, (August 6, 1947September 28, 1996) was the fourth and last President of the Soviet-backed Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. He is also considered the second President of the Republic of Afghanistan.
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Monty Python
Monty Python (sometimes known as The Pythons) were a British comedy group that created the influential ''Monty Python's Flying Circus'', a British television comedy sketch show that first aired on the BBC on 5 October 1969. Forty-five episodes were made over four series. The Python phenomenon developed from the television series into something larger in scope and impact, spawning touring stage shows, films, numerous albums, several books and a stage musical as well as launching the members to individual stardom. The group's influence on comedy has been compared to The Beatles' influence on music.
http://wn.com/Monty_Python -
Morey Amsterdam
Morey Amsterdam (December 14, 1908 – October 28, 1996) was an American television actor and comedian, best known for the role of Buddy Sorrell on The Dick Van Dyke Show in the early 1960s.
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Morton Gould
Morton Gould (December 10, 1913 – February 21, 1996) was an American composer, conductor, arranger, and pianist.
http://wn.com/Morton_Gould -
Mother Teresa
Mother Teresa (26 August 19105 September 1997), born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu (pronounced ), was a Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India in 1950. For over 45 years she ministered to the poor, sick, orphaned, and dying, while guiding the Missionaries of Charity's expansion, first throughout India and then in other countries. Following her death she was beatified by Pope John Paul II and given the title Blessed Teresa of Calcutta.
http://wn.com/Mother_Teresa -
Murtaza Bhutto
http://wn.com/Murtaza_Bhutto -
Māori people
http://wn.com/Māori_people -
Necmettin Erbakan
Necmettin Erbakan, (born October 29, 1926, Sinop, Turkey), is a Turkish engineer, academic, politician (eventually political party leader), who was the Prime Minister of Turkey from 1996 until 1997. He was Turkey's first Islamist Prime Minister. In 1997 he was pressured by the military to step down as prime minister and later banned from politics by the constitutional court.
http://wn.com/Necmettin_Erbakan -
Nevill Francis Mott
http://wn.com/Nevill_Francis_Mott -
Nicky Jones
Nicky Jones (born July 16, 1996) is an American teen voice actor. He has done commercials, independent movies and music videos, as well as being known as the voice of the title character to the Cartoon Network cartoon Chowder.
http://wn.com/Nicky_Jones -
Nicolae Ceauşescu
http://wn.com/Nicolae_Ceauşescu -
Nicu Ceauşescu
http://wn.com/Nicu_Ceauşescu -
Nnamdi Azikiwe
http://wn.com/Nnamdi_Azikiwe -
Noah Munck
Noah Bryant Munck (born May 3, 1996) is an American teen actor. His roles include 'Gibby Gibson' in iCarly and 'Bobby Sinclair', the junior lawn-mowing entrepreneur in the TruGreen commercials.
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Noah Ringer
Noah Andrew Ringer (born November 18, 1996) is an American actor who starred as Aang in the film The Last Airbender. He was discovered in an open casting call for Airbender in Texas. He has also been cast in the upcoming film Cowboys & Aliens as Emmett.
http://wn.com/Noah_Ringer -
O. J. Simpson
Orenthal James "O. J." Simpson (born July 9, 1947), nicknamed "The Juice", is a retired American football player, football broadcaster, spokesman, actor, and convicted felon.
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Obdulio Varela
http://wn.com/Obdulio_Varela -
Odysseas Elytis
http://wn.com/Odysseas_Elytis -
Osama bin Laden
http://wn.com/Osama_bin_Laden -
Oscar Luigi Scalfaro
Oscar Luigi Scalfaro (; born September 9, 1918), Italian politician and magistrate, was the ninth President of the Italian Republic from 1992 to 1999, and is currently a senator for life. Formerly a member of Christian Democracy, he currently belongs to the centre-left Democratic party.
http://wn.com/Oscar_Luigi_Scalfaro -
Ottis Toole
http://wn.com/Ottis_Toole -
P. L. Travers
http://wn.com/P_L_Travers -
P. V. Narasimha Rao
Pamulaparthi Venkata Narasimha Rao (; 28 June 1921 – 23 December 2004) who was commonly known as P. V. Narasimha Rao, served as the 10th Prime Minister of the Republic of India. He led one of the most important administrations in India's modern history, overseeing a major economic transformation and several incidents affecting national security. Rao accelerated the dismantling of the Licence Raj. Rao, also called the "Father of Indian Economic Reforms," is best remembered for launching India's free market reforms that rescued the almost bankrupt nation from economic collapse. He was also commonly referred to as the Chanakya of modern India for his ability to steer tough economic and political legislation through the parliament at a time when he headed a minority government.
http://wn.com/P_V_Narasimha_Rao -
Pandro S. Berman
Pandro S. "Pan" Berman (March 28, 1905July 13, 1996), known as Pandro S. Berman, was an American film producer.
http://wn.com/Pandro_S_Berman -
Pat Brown
http://wn.com/Pat_Brown -
Pat McGeown
Pat "Beag" McGeown (3 September 1956 – 1 October 1996) was a volunteer in the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) who took part in the 1981 Irish hunger strike.
http://wn.com/Pat_McGeown -
Paul Delph
http://wn.com/Paul_Delph -
Paul Keating
Paul John Keating (born 18 January 1944) is a former Australian politician, and was the 24th Prime Minister of Australia, serving from 1991 to 1996. Keating was elected as the federal Labor member for Blaxland in 1969 and came to prominence as the reformist treasurer when the Hawke Labor government came to power at the 1983 federal election. After becoming prime minister in 1991, he led Labor to its fifth consecutive victory in the 1993 federal election against the Liberal/National coalition led by John Hewson. Many had considered this election unwinnable for Labor, mainly due to the effects that the early 1990s recession had on Australia, as well as the longevity of Labor as the federal government. However, the Labor Party was decisively defeated at the 1996 federal election by the Liberal/National coalition led by John Howard.
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Paul Rand
http://wn.com/Paul_Rand -
Pete Rozelle
Alvin Ray "Pete" Rozelle (March 1, 1926 – December 6, 1996) was the commissioner of the National Football League (NFL) from January 1960 to November 1989, when he retired from office. Rozelle is credited with making the NFL into one of the most successful sports leagues in the world.
http://wn.com/Pete_Rozelle -
Peter C. Doherty
Peter Charles Doherty, AC (born 15 October 1940) is an Australian Veterinary Surgeon and researcher in the field of medicine. He received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1995, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with Rolf M. Zinkernagel in 1996, and was named Australian of the Year in 1997. In the Australia Day Honours of 1997, he was named a Companion of the Order of Australia for his work with Zinkernagel. Zinkernagel was named an honorary Companion. He is also a National Trust Living Treasure.
http://wn.com/Peter_C_Doherty -
Peter Glenville
http://wn.com/Peter_Glenville -
Peter Leeds
http://wn.com/Peter_Leeds -
Quentin Bell
http://wn.com/Quentin_Bell -
Raaj Kumar
http://wn.com/Raaj_Kumar -
Radovan Karadžić
http://wn.com/Radovan_Karadžić -
Rafael Kubelík
http://wn.com/Rafael_Kubelík -
Ratko Mladić
http://wn.com/Ratko_Mladić -
Ray Combs
Raymond Neil "Ray" Combs, Jr. (April 3, 1956 – June 2, 1996) was an American comedian, actor, and host of the game show Family Feud on CBS and in syndication from 1988 to 1994.
http://wn.com/Ray_Combs -
René Clément
http://wn.com/René_Clément -
René Lacoste
http://wn.com/René_Lacoste -
René Préval
http://wn.com/René_Préval -
Richard Smalley
http://wn.com/Richard_Smalley -
Rob Hall
Rob Hall (January 14, 1961 - May 11, 1996), a native of New Zealand, was a mountaineer best known for being head guide of a 1996 Mount Everest expedition in which he, a fellow guide, and two clients perished. A best-selling account of the expedition was given in Jon Krakauer's Into Thin Air. At the time of his death, Hall had ascended Everest more times than any other non-Sherpa mountaineer.
http://wn.com/Rob_Hall -
Robert Curl
Robert Floyd Curl, Jr. (born August 23, 1933) the son of a Methodist Minister is a graduate of Thomas Jefferson High School in San Antonio, Texas and is an emeritus professor of chemistry at Rice University.
http://wn.com/Robert_Curl -
Robert Mugabe
Robert Gabriel Mugabe (, ; born 21 February 1924) is the second and current President of Zimbabwe. One of the leaders of the liberation movement against white-minority rule, he was elected into power as the head of government since 1980, as Prime Minister from 1980 to 1987, and as the first executive head of state since 1987.
http://wn.com/Robert_Mugabe -
Roger Bowen
http://wn.com/Roger_Bowen -
Roger Tory Peterson
Roger Tory Peterson (August 28, 1908 – July 28, 1996), was an American naturalist, ornithologist, artist, and educator, and held to be one of the founding inspirations for the 20th century environmental movement.
http://wn.com/Roger_Tory_Peterson -
Rolf M. Zinkernagel
Rolf Martin Zinkernagel AC (born January 6, 1944 in Riehen, Basel-Stadt, Switzerland) is Professor of Experimental Immunology at the University of Zurich.
http://wn.com/Rolf_M_Zinkernagel -
Romano Prodi
Romano Prodi (; born 9 August 1939) is an Italian politician and statesman. He served as 76th and 80th Prime Minister of Italy, from 17 May 1996 to 21 October 1998 and from 17 May 2006 to 8 May 2008. He was also the tenth President of the European Commission from 1999 to 2004.
http://wn.com/Romano_Prodi -
Ross Hunter
Ross Hunter (6 May 192010 March 1996) was a Hollywood film producer.
http://wn.com/Ross_Hunter -
Ryutaro Hashimoto
http://wn.com/Ryutaro_Hashimoto -
Sali Berisha
Sali Berisha (; born 15 October 1944) is an Albanian politician, currently the Prime Minister of Albania and the leader of Democratic Party of Albania (PD).
http://wn.com/Sali_Berisha -
Sarah Balabagan
Sarah Balabagan (born August 16, 1979) (her family name is phonetically pronounced as Ba-la-BAH-gan) was a Filipina prisoner in the United Arab Emirates during 1994 - 96 whose case caused a good deal of controversy. Her story was made into a controversial film in 1997.
http://wn.com/Sarah_Balabagan -
Sarah Palfrey Cooke
http://wn.com/Sarah_Palfrey_Cooke -
Sasha Pieterse
Sasha Embeth Pieterse (born February 17, 1996) is a South African-born American actress.
http://wn.com/Sasha_Pieterse -
Saul Bass
http://wn.com/Saul_Bass -
Scott Brayton
Scott Everets Brayton (February 20, 1959 – May 17, 1996) was a race car driver from Coldwater, Michigan, on the American open-wheel circuit. He competed in 14 Indianapolis 500s, beginning with the 1981 event. Brayton was killed in practice after qualifying for the pole position for the 1996 race.
http://wn.com/Scott_Brayton -
Scott Ritter
William Scott Ritter, Jr. (born July 15, 1961, Gainesville, Florida) is noted for his role as a chief United Nations weapons inspector in Iraq from 1991 to 1998, and later for his criticism of United States foreign policy in the Middle East. Prior to the U.S. invasion of Iraq in March 2003, Ritter publicly argued that Iraq possessed no significant weapons of mass destruction (WMDs). He became a popular anti-war figure and talk show commentator as a result of his stance. Since 2001 Ritter has been arrested and subsequently released twice on charges related to sexual exploitation of minors. A third incident is awaiting trial.
http://wn.com/Scott_Ritter -
Seymour H. Knox III
:This is about the hockey-team owner. For similar names, see Seymour Knox.
http://wn.com/Seymour_H_Knox_III -
Sichuan Province
http://wn.com/Sichuan_Province -
Silvio Berlusconi
(born 29 September 1936 in Milan) is an Italian politician, the current Prime Minister of Italy, as well as a successful entrepreneur. He is the second longest-serving Prime Minister of Italy, a position he has held on three separate occasions: from 1994 to 1995, from 2001 to 2006 and currently since 2008. Technically, Berlusconi has been sworn in four times because after a cabinet reshuffle, as happened with Berlusconi in 2005, the new ministry is sworn in and subjected to a vote of confidence. He is the leader of the People of Freedom political movement, a centre-right party he founded in 2009. As of November 2009, he is the longest-serving current leader of a G8 country. As of 2010, Forbes magazine has ranked him as the 74th richest man in the world with a net worth of USD 9 billion.
http://wn.com/Silvio_Berlusconi -
Silvio Piola
http://wn.com/Silvio_Piola -
Sir Harold Kroto
http://wn.com/Sir_Harold_Kroto -
Sophie Hook
http://wn.com/Sophie_Hook -
Sorley MacLean
Sorley MacLean (, sometimes "MacGilleathain" in earlier publications) (26 October 1911 - 24 November 1996) was one of the most significant Scottish poets of the 20th century.
http://wn.com/Sorley_MacLean -
Spiro Agnew
http://wn.com/Spiro_Agnew -
Stanko Todorov
Stanko Todorov Georgiev () (December 10, 1920 - December 17, 1996) was a Bulgarian communist politician.
http://wn.com/Stanko_Todorov -
Stefanie Scott
Stefanie Scott is a child actress, singer and song-writer best known for her role as Katie in Beethoven's Big Break.
http://wn.com/Stefanie_Scott -
Steve Jobs
Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is an American business magnate and inventor. He is well known for being the co-founder and chief executive officer of Apple. Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney.
http://wn.com/Steve_Jobs -
Tadeus Reichstein
Tadeusz Reichstein (July 20, 1897 – August 1, 1996) was a Polish-born Swiss chemist and Nobel laureate.
http://wn.com/Tadeus_Reichstein -
Taiwan
Taiwan, also known (especially in the past) as Formosa (from , "Beautiful Island"), is an island situated in East Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It comprises most (99%) of the territory of the Republic of China (ROC) since the 1950s. The term "Taiwan" is also a common name to refer to the entire country of the Republic of China.
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Tamara Toumanova
http://wn.com/Tamara_Toumanova -
Tansu Çiller
http://wn.com/Tansu_Çiller -
Ted Bessell
Ted Bessell (March 20, 1935 – October 6, 1996) was an American television actor and director.
http://wn.com/Ted_Bessell -
The Ramones
http://wn.com/The_Ramones -
Theodore Kaczynski
http://wn.com/Theodore_Kaczynski -
Timothy Leary
Timothy Francis Leary (October 22, 1920 – May 31, 1996) was an influential American psychologist and writer known in later life for advocating research into psychedelic drugs. A hugely controversial figure during the 1960s and 1970s, he encouraged the use of the drug LSD for its therapeutic, emotional and spiritual benefits, and coined the saying "Turn on, tune in, drop out", both of which proved to be hugely influential on the 1960s counterculture. Largely due to his influence in this field, he was attacked by conservative figures in the United States, and described as "the most dangerous man in America" by President Richard Nixon.
http://wn.com/Timothy_Leary -
Tony Silva
Tony Silva (born 1960) is an American ornithologist and aviculturist that has authored several books on parrots, hundreds of articles and was curator of birds at Tenerife's Loro Parque, the largest parrot park in the world. He has been heavily involved in the efforts to save the Spix's Macaw.
http://wn.com/Tony_Silva -
Tung Chee Hwa
http://wn.com/Tung_Chee_Hwa -
Tupac Shakur
http://wn.com/Tupac_Shakur -
Tutsi
Tutsi (; ) are an ethnic group in Central Africa. They are the second largest population of peoples in Rwanda and Burundi, the other two being the Hutu (largest) and the Twa (smallest).
http://wn.com/Tutsi -
Tyger Drew-Honey
Tyger Drew-Honey (born Lindzi James Tyger Drew-Honey on 26 January 1996) is a child actor, from Walton-on-Thames, Surrey,. He is best known for playing Jake in the British sitcom Outnumbered. Other roles have included The Armstrong and Miller Show and an appearance on Doctors.
http://wn.com/Tyger_Drew-Honey -
Tōru Takemitsu
was a Japanese composer and writer on aesthetics and music theory. Largely self-taught, Takemitsu possessed consummate skill in the subtle manipulation of instrumental and orchestral timbre. He drew from a wide range of influences, including jazz, popular music, avant-garde procedures and traditional Japanese music, in a harmonic idiom largely derived from the music of Claude Debussy and Olivier Messiaen.
http://wn.com/Tōru_Takemitsu -
Uday Hussein
http://wn.com/Uday_Hussein -
Vagn Holmboe
http://wn.com/Vagn_Holmboe -
Veronica Guerin
Veronica Guerin (5 July 1958 - 26 June 1996) was an Irish crime reporter who was murdered on 26 June 1996 by drug lords, an event, which alongside the murder of Detective Garda Jerry McCabe three weeks earlier, helped establish the Criminal Assets Bureau.
http://wn.com/Veronica_Guerin -
Virginia Cherrill
Virginia Cherrill (April 12, 1908 - November 14, 1996) was an American actress best known for her role as the blind flower girl in Charlie Chaplin's City Lights (1931). Due to marrying an English earl in the 1940s, she is also known as Virginia Child-Villiers, Countess of Jersey.
http://wn.com/Virginia_Cherrill -
Virginia Henderson
Virginia Gultiano from the greek word "Gultianwa", MA, Hon. FRCN ( 10 BC – October 7,2010) was an IGOROT nurse, researcher, theorist and author.
http://wn.com/Virginia_Henderson -
Vito Scotti
http://wn.com/Vito_Scotti -
Václav Havel
http://wn.com/Václav_Havel -
Václav Klaus
http://wn.com/Václav_Klaus -
Whoopi Goldberg
Whoopi Goldberg (; born Caryn Elaine Johnson; November 13, 1955) is an American comedian, actress, singer-songwriter, political activist, and talk show host.
http://wn.com/Whoopi_Goldberg -
William T. Cahill
William Thomas Cahill (June 25, 1912 July 1, 1996) was an American Republican Party politician who served as the 46th Governor of New Jersey, from 1970 to 1974, and who represented New Jersey's 1st congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1959 to 1967 and the state's 6th district from 1967 to 1970.
http://wn.com/William_T_Cahill -
William Vickrey
http://wn.com/William_Vickrey -
Willie Rushton
http://wn.com/Willie_Rushton -
Wisława Szymborska
http://wn.com/Wisława_Szymborska -
Yahya Ayyash
http://wn.com/Yahya_Ayyash -
Yasser Arafat
http://wn.com/Yasser_Arafat -
Yoweri Museveni
Yoweri Kaguta Museveni () (born c. 1944) is a Ugandan politician and statesman. He has been President of Uganda since 26 January 1986.
http://wn.com/Yoweri_Museveni -
Zinovi Gerdt
http://wn.com/Zinovi_Gerdt
karaoke
anti choice
anti girl
I am the anti-flag unfurled
anti white and anti man
I got the anti-future plan
anti fascist
anti mod
I am the anti-music god
anti sober
anti whore
there will never be enough of anti more
I can't believe in the things
that don't believe in me
now it's your turn to see misanthropy
anti people now you've gone too far
here's your antichrist superstar
anti money
anti hate
anti things I fucked and ate
anti cop
anti fun
here is my anti-president gun
anti Satan
anti black
anti world is on my back
anti gay and anti dope
I am the faggot anti-pope
anti peace
anti life
anti husband, anti wife
anti song and anti me
I had no cares in the 1990's
I knew of no downfalls
Though war was breaking out all around me
My concerns were with prank calls
She kissed me on the cheek, she kissed me on the cheek
Right in front of the older kids
When our self belief, when our self belief
Wasn't scared by the modern itch
Cos now it feels like...
We kiss with one eye on our TV set
And the more I give the less I get
Needing fairground rides just to spark a smile
There's little here to miss...
Bring back 1996
Bring back 1996
So hard to beat those teenage kicks
Bring back 1996
We were cloning sheep in the 1990's
We were building telescopes
And sugar filled the whole of my body
As I urged it on to grow
I kissed her on the cheek, I kissed her on the cheek
Just to impress the older kids
When my self belief, when my self belief
Wasn't lost in the modern glitch
Cos now it feels like...
We kiss with one eye on our TV set
And the more I give the less I get
Needing fairground rides just to spark a smile
There's little here to miss...
Bring back 1996
Bring back 1996
Stop talking, stop talking
I need a lover not a friend tonight
I'm leaving, I'm leaving
I'm not cut out for the modern life
I'll never beat those teenage kicks
Porco cristo offenditi
c'è una dote che non hai
non è chiaro se ci sei
Sei borghese arrenditi
gli architetti sono qua
hanno in mano la città
Cambia rotta cambia stile
scopri l'anno bisestile
è volgare il tuo annaspare sai
Squarciafavole t'illudi
come notte fra le nubi
questo è l'unonovenovesei
Cristo fa'
che lei non sia qua
non è chiaro sì lo so
ma è una dote che non ho
Estremista edile
piangi e poi gli fai le fusa
mentre ho perso la mia musa
Cambio rotta cambio stile
scopro l'anno bisestile
è volgare il mio annaspare sai
Divertente criminale
la tua scala di sapone
questo è l'unonovenovesei
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The Wombats - 1996 (Official Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:23
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
Watch the official video for 1996 by The Wombats Website: www.thewombats.co.uk Facebook: www.facebook.com Twitter: twitter.com
http://wn.com/The_Wombats_1996_Official_Video
The Wombats - 1996 [Track 07]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:21
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
The 7th track off their upcoming album "This Modern Glitch"
http://wn.com/The_Wombats_1996_Track_07_
The Wombats - 1996
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:24
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
7th song from brand new album This Modern Glitch released on 25th april 2011 I dont own this song.
http://wn.com/The_Wombats_1996
neneh cherry - woman (1996)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:52
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
music video directed by jamie thraves
http://wn.com/neneh_cherry_woman_1996
second family guy pilot from 1996
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:21
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
the second family guy pilot from 1996..never piked up
http://wn.com/second_family_guy_pilot_from_1996
Marilyn Manson 13-1996
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:09
- Updated: 08 Nov 2012
Anti-Christ Superstar Marilyn Manson 1996
http://wn.com/Marilyn_Manson_13-1996
Seth Rogen 1996 Stand Up Comedy
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:31
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
carefoot.ca Seth Rogen performs at the Comedy Gym in Vancouver, BC, Canada. Seth is 13 in this video. This is being uploaded on April 15th - Seth's birthday. The MC in the video is Damonde Tschritter.
http://wn.com/Seth_Rogen_1996_Stand_Up_Comedy
MISSION TO MARS (1996) FULL MOVIE
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 108:56
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
This video was uploaded from an Android phone.
http://wn.com/MISSION_TO_MARS_1996_FULL_MOVIE
Helloween - Forever And One (Neverland) (1996)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
Composer: Andi Deris Publisher: Warner Chappell Music GmbH Upload by: David / helloween.org
http://wn.com/Helloween_Forever_And_One_Neverland_1996
Avant l'Iphone 5: LE MEC DE 1996. Street Dance Fighter II
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:33
- Updated: 29 Oct 2012
www.facebook.com Ca commence à sentir le roussi entre le mec de 1996 et le mec de 2012... Pour nous aider à faire d'autres épisodes, faites tourner sur Facebook et Twitter!
http://wn.com/Avant_l'Iphone_5_LE_MEC_DE_1996_Street_Dance_Fighter_II
Space Jam Trailer (1996) HQ
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:17
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
Space Jam Trailer (1996)
http://wn.com/Space_Jam_Trailer_1996_HQ
Bloodsport 2 1996 ( Full movie ) 480P
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 86:25
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
This is the Full Movie of Bloodsport This video is for Viewing purposes only if you enjoy this movie please Buy this DVD at an retailer here is a link for you cgi.ebay.co.uk Thanks
http://wn.com/Bloodsport_2_1996_Full_movie_480P
radiohead - lift (Pinkpop 1996)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:43
- Updated: 04 Nov 2012
La mejor versiòn de lift....
http://wn.com/radiohead_lift_Pinkpop_1996
QuakeWorld Launch Event - 1996
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:30
- Updated: 09 Nov 2012
Video taken from the QuakeWorld launch event circa 1996, featuring a rare John Carmack Q&A.;
http://wn.com/QuakeWorld_Launch_Event_1996
Bee Gees - Stayin' Alive 1996
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:14
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
The Bee Gees perform Stayin' Alive live from 1996.
http://wn.com/Bee_Gees_Stayin'_Alive_1996
1996 CART Laguna Seca - "The Pass"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:37
- Updated: 07 Nov 2012
Alex Zanardi's pass of Bryan Herta on the last lap during the 1996 CART PPG Indy Car World Series race at Laguna Seca.
http://wn.com/1996_CART_Laguna_Seca_The_Pass
Romeo + Juliet (1996) trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:15
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
this is the trailer to Romeo + Juliet possibly one of the best movies ever. enjoy. I DO NOT OWN ANY OF THESE CLIPS, ALL CLIPS BELONG TO THEIR OWNERS
http://wn.com/Romeo_+_Juliet_1996_trailer
The Smashing Pumpkins - Tonight, Tonight Live , MTV 1996
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:27
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
Best Performance Ever!!! Please don´t comment somebody who hasn´t much apprehension about music...thanx Check also GLYNIS, an amazing unknown song by the Pumpkins... Band: Billy Corgan D´arcy Wretzky James Iha Matt Walker ( from Filter ) Jimmy Chamberlin was fired because he used heroin with Jonathan Melvoin, the Tour-Keyboarder. Jonathan died later... Jimmy came back in 1999
http://wn.com/The_Smashing_Pumpkins_Tonight,_Tonight_Live_,_MTV_1996
Yuri Chechi - Final Atlanta 1996 - Gold
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:28
- Updated: 09 Nov 2012
La finale degli anelli ad atlanta 1996. Yuri Chechi fenomenale quando fa la croce per più di 8 secondi ... MAMMA MIA!!!!
http://wn.com/Yuri_Chechi_Final_Atlanta_1996_Gold
BOYS (1996) Winona Ryder (FULL MOVIE)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 83:04
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
An underrated film starring Winona Ryder, LuKas Haas, Skeet Ulrich & John C. Reilly.
http://wn.com/BOYS_1996_Winona_Ryder_FULL_MOVIE
MARIAH CAREY - WITHOUT YOU - TOKYO 1996
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:57
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
THE BESTEST VERSION OF WITHOUT YOU
http://wn.com/MARIAH_CAREY_WITHOUT_YOU_TOKYO_1996
Loituma - "Ievan Polkka" (Eva's Polka)1996
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:46
- Updated: 11 Nov 2012
Finnish: Nuapurista kuulu se polokan tahti jalakani pohjii kutkutti. Ievan äiti se tyttöösä vahti vaan kyllähän Ieva sen jutkutti, sillä ei meitä silloin kiellot haittaa kun myö tanssimme laiasta laitaan. Salivili hipput tupput täppyt äppyt tipput hilijalleen. Ievan suu oli vehnäsellä ko immeiset onnee toevotti. Peä oli märkänä jokaisella ja viulu se vinku ja voevotti. Ei tätä poikoo märkyys haittaa sillon ko laskoo laiasta laitaan. Salivili hipput. Ievan äiti se kammarissa virsiä veisata huijjuutti, kun tämä poika naapurissa ämmän tyttöä nuijjuutti. Eikä tätä poikoo ämmät haittaa sillon ko laskoo laiasta laitaan. Salivili. Siellä oli lystiä soiton jäläkeen sain minä kerran sytkyyttee. Kottiin ko mäntii ni ämmä se riitelj ja Ieva jo alako nyyhkyytteek. Minä sanon Ievalle mitäpä se haittaa laskemma vielähi laiasta laitaa. Salivili. Muorille sanon jotta tukkee suusi en ruppee sun terveyttäs takkoomaa. Terveenä peäset ku korjoot luusi ja määt siitä murjuus makkoomaa. Ei tätä poikoo hellyys haittaa ko akkoja huhkii laiasta laitaan. Salivili. Sen minä sanon jotta purra pittää ei mua niin voan nielasta. Suat männä ite vaikka lännestä ittään vaan minä en luovu Ievasta, sillä ei tätä poikoo kainous haittaa sillon ko tanssii laiasta laitaan. Salivili. English: The sound of a polka drifted from my neighbor's and set my feet a-tapping oh! Ieva's mother had her eye on her daughter but Ieva she managed to fool her, you know. 'Cause who's going to listen to mother saying no when we're ...
http://wn.com/Loituma_Ievan_Polkka_Eva's_Polka1996
Phenomenon (1996) Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:43
- Updated: 10 Nov 2012
John Travolta, Kyra Sedgwick, Forrest Whitaker, Robert Duvall
http://wn.com/Phenomenon_1996_Trailer
Photo: AP / Charles Dharapak
09 Nov 2012
Our children and grandchildren will live in a vastly different global economy China and India have ramped up investment in public education, increasing high school attendance and graduation rates....
Photo: AP / Khin Maung Win
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In recent months, communal violence in Burma's Rakhine state has left about 140 people dead and forced more than 100,000 from their homes. With Buddhist and Muslim communities effectively...
Photo: AP / Osama Faisal
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DOHA, Qatar -- Syriaâs biggest political opposition bloc Friday elected a Christian, George Sabra, as president, a move Sabra said showed that the Muslim-majority nation will not allow its national...
Photo: AP / Natacha Pisarenko
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Tens of thousands of Argentinians vented their anger towards President Cristina Kirchner and her government on Thursday, taking to the streets to protest in city's across the country. Protesters...
Photo: AP / Stewart Wilson/Invision/AP
09 Nov 2012
NEW YORK — Nothing is so much of a boys’ club as a James Bond movie. That is, except when Judi Dench is on screen. As MI6 head M, Dench has been the Bond matriarch: the strong-willed,...
Huffington Post
WASHINGTON -- Two senators have hammered out a bipartisan "comprehensive, detailed blueprint" to overhaul immigration policy, and their plan includes a pathway to citizenship for the estimated 11 million illegal immigrants now in the United States....(size: 11.2Kb)
Houston Chronicle
By John Brannen | November 10, 2012 | Updated: November 11, 2012 10:21am Comments (0) E-mail Print...(size: 15.1Kb)
Houston Chronicle
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Huffington Post
In 1983, President Ronald Reagan was preparing for a White House reelection bid. A political ally suggested he summon Lionel Sosa, a Mexican American political operative from Texas. During their first meeting, Reagan said something that has become the stuff of political legend and a guiding...(size: 13.0Kb)
The Examiner
Related topics WeathermeteorologyHistoryScienceweather history Advertisement Meteorological events that happened on November 11th: 1099 A violent storm in the North Sea killed 100,000 people in England and The Netherlands. 1911 The central U.S. experienced perhaps its most dramatic cold wave on...(size: 14.9Kb)
Oliver Stone teaches American history
11 Nov 2012
Daily Press
Artists and writers have been weighing in on political matters for a long time now. But when a filmmaker as controversial as Oliver Stone announces a 10-part television series about American history, it makes you wonder: Do we really want a history lesson from a guy who thinks LBJ had a hand in...(size: 11.0Kb)
The Hindu
Hero Eco Ltd, part of the Hero group, has tied up with Electrovaya of Canada, under which the Canadian company will “work with Hero Eco to implement lithium ion-powered electric bikes for Hero’s markets in worldwide.” Hero Eco – the umbrella entity that includes Hero...(size: 1.9Kb)
Sun Star
MANILA – The Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) said Sunday that it is seriously considering the translation of the Framework Agreement on the Bangsamoro into several dialects. Jun Mantawil, head of the MILF peace panel secretariat, said that translating the historic document, which the Government...(size: 2.5Kb)
Bloomberg
Macquarie Group Ltd. (MQG) and the local host of the “The Apprentice” are teaming up to crack into Australia’s A$1.1 trillion ($1.14 trillion) mortgage lending oligopoly. Starting next year, the country’s biggest investment bank will fund loans via Yellow Brick Road Holdings Ltd. (YBR), whose...(size: 8.9Kb)
Gillmor Gang: LTE Edition
11 Nov 2012
Crunch
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Local Legends Beat Their German Counterparts
11 Nov 2012
All Africa
[SAFA]Clive Barker heaped...(size: 0.2Kb)
A Man Without a Plan
11 Nov 2012
Project Syndicate
NEW HAVEN – During the United States’ recent presidential election campaign, public-opinion polls consistently showed that the economy – and especially unemployment – was voters’ number one concern. The Republican challenger, Mitt Romney, sought to capitalize on the issue, asserting: “The...(size: 5.1Kb)
Times Union
ALBANY — It was one of the most devastating fires in city history. On April 15, a clear, Sunday night, four historic homes in the Mansion neighborhood went up in flames in just minutes. Two others were heavily damaged. The next day, demolition work began on 58, 60, 62 and 64 Park Avenue, homes...(size: 5.1Kb)
This article is about the year 1996. For the number, see 1996 (number). For other uses, see 1996 (disambiguation).
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 19th century – 20th century – 21st century |
| Decades: | 1960s 1970s 1980s – 1990s – 2000s 2010s 2020s |
| Years: | 1993 1994 1995 – 1996 – 1997 1998 1999 |
| 1996 by topic: |
| Subject |
| By country |
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Works and introductions categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 1996 MCMXCVI |
| Ab urbe condita | 2749 |
| Armenian calendar | 1445 ԹՎ ՌՆԽԵ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6746 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 152–153 |
| Bengali calendar | 1403 |
| Berber calendar | 2946 |
| British Regnal year | 44 Eliz. 2 – 45 Eliz. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2540 |
| Burmese calendar | 1358 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7504–7505 |
| Chinese calendar | 乙亥年十一月十一日 (4632/4692-11-11) — to —
丙子年十一月廿一日(4633/4693-11-21) |
| Coptic calendar | 1712–1713 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1988–1989 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5756–5757 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 2052–2053 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1918–1919 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5097–5098 |
| Holocene calendar | 11996 |
| Iranian calendar | 1374–1375 |
| Islamic calendar | 1416–1417 |
| Japanese calendar | Heisei 8 (平成8年) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 13 days |
| Korean calendar | 4329 |
| Minguo calendar | ROC 85 民國85年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2539 |
| Unix time | 820454400–852076799 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1996 |
1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year that started on a Monday. In the Gregorian calendar, it was the 1996th year of the Common Era or of Anno Domini; the 996th year of the 2nd millennium; the 96th year of the 20th century; and the 7th of the 1990s. The year 1996 was designated the International Year for the Eradication of Poverty.
Events[link]
January[link]
- January 1 – King Fahd of Saudi Arabia temporarily gives power to Crown Prince Abdullah, his legal successor, due to illness.[clarification needed]
- January 3 – Motorola introduces the Motorola StarTAC Wearable Cellular Telephone, the world's smallest and lightest mobile phone at that time.
- January 4 – Hosni Mubarak, the president of Egypt, appoints a new government in response to accusations of corruption in the parliamentary elections in late 1995.[clarification needed]
- January 5 – Hamas operative Yahya Ayyash is assassinated by an Israeli Shabak-planted, bomb-laden cell phone.
- January 7 – One of the worst blizzards in American history hits the eastern states, killing more than 150 people. Philadelphia, PA receives a record 30.7 inches (78 cm) of snowfall, New York City's public schools close for the first time in 18 years and the federal government in Washington, D.C. is closed for days.
- January 8 – A Zairean cargo plane crashes into a crowded market in the center of the capital Kinshasa, killing 350.
- January 9 – Art forger Eric Hebborn is assassinated in Rome, Italy.
- January 9–January 20 – Serious fighting breaks out between Russian soldiers and rebel fighters in Chechnya.
- January 11 – Ryutaro Hashimoto, leader of the Liberal Democratic Party, becomes Prime Minister of Japan.
- January 13 – Italy's prime minister, Lamberto Dini, resigns after the failure of all-party talks to confirm him. New talks are initiated by president Oscar Luigi Scalfaro to form a new government.
- January 14 – Jorge Sampaio is elected president of Portugal.
- January 16 – President of Sierra Leone Valentine Strasser is deposed by the chief of defence, Julius Maada Bio. Bio promises to restore power following elections scheduled for February.
- January 19
- The North Cape Oil Spill occurs as an engine fire forces the tugboat Scandia ashore on Moonstone Beach in South Kingstown, Rhode Island. The North Cape Barge is pulled along with it and leaks 820,000 gallons of home heating oil.
- An Indonesian ferry sinks off the northern tip of Sumatra, drowning more than 100 people.
- January 20 – Yasser Arafat is re-elected president of the Palestinian Authority.
- January 22 – Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece, resigns due to health problems; a new government forms under Costas Simitis.
- January 24 – Polish Premier Józef Oleksy resigns amid charges that he spied for Moscow. He is replaced by Włodzimierz Cimoszewicz.
- January 26 – Whitewater scandal: U.S. First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton testifies before a grand jury.
- January 27 – Colonel Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara deposes the first democratically elected president of Niger, Mahamane Ousmane, in a military coup.
- January 29
- President Jacques Chirac announces a "definitive end" to French nuclear testing.
- Fire destroys La Fenice, Venice's opera house.
- Imia-Kardak crisis: A Greek flag is hoisted on a small rocky island named Imia (Greek) / Kardak (Turkish).
- January 30 – Irish National Liberation Army leader Gino Gallagher is killed in an internal feud.
- January 30–February 5 – Sarah Balabagan is caned in the United Arab Emirates.
- January 31
February[link]
- February 4 – An earthquake near Lijiang in southwest China, measuring up to 7 on the Richter scale, kills at least 240 people, injures more than 14,000 and makes hundreds of thousands homeless.
- February 6 – Birgenair Flight 301, on an unauthorised charter flight from the Caribbean to Germany, crashes into the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of the Dominican Republic, killing all 189 passengers and crew.
- February 7 – René Préval succeeds Jean-Bertrand Aristide as president of Haiti, in the first peaceful handover of power since the nation achieved independence.
- February 8 – An IRA ceasefire ends with a half-tonne bomb in London's Canary Wharf District, killing 2 and causing over £85 million worth of damage.
- February 9 – The element Copernicium is discovered.
- February 10
- Chess computer "Deep Blue" defeats world chess champion Garry Kasparov for the first time.
- Bosnian Serbs break off contact with the Bosnian government and with representatives of Ifor, the NATO localised force, in reaction to the arrest of several Bosnian Serb war criminals.
- February 14 – Violent clashes erupt between Filipino soldiers and Vietnamese boat people, as the Philippines government attempts to forcibly repatriate hundreds of Vietnamese asylum seekers.
- February 15
- In south-west Wales, the oil tanker Sea Empress runs aground, spilling 73,000 tonnes of crude oil, killing many birds.
- The U.S. Embassy in Athens, Greece comes under mortar fire.
- A Long March 3 rocket at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in China crashes into a rural village after liftoff, killing as many as 50.[citation needed]
- Begum Khaleda Zia is reelected as prime minister of Bangladesh. The country's second democratic election is marred by low voter turnout, due to several boycotts and pre-election violence, which result in at least 13 deaths.
- The UK government publishes the Scott Report.
- February 17
- In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Garry Kasparov beats "Deep Blue" in a second chess match.
- In Irian Jaya, an earthquake of magnitude 7.5 and associated tidal waves kills 102 people and causes widespread devastation.
- February 18 – An IRA briefcase bomb in a bus kills the bomber and injures 9 in the West End of London.
- February 19 – A wooden ferry capsizes as it enters the port of Cádiz in the Philippines, killing 54 people.
- February 21 – King Fahd of Saudi Arabia announces his medical recovery in the national press and assumes power again from his brother, Crown Prince Abdullah.
- February 24 – Cuban fighter jets shoot down 2 American aircraft belonging to the Cuban exile group, Brothers to the Rescue. Cuban officials assert that they invaded Cuban airspace.
- February 25 – Two suicide bombs in Israel kill 25 and injure 80; Hamas claims responsibility.
- February 27 – Pokemon Green was released in Japan as the first game in the world famous Pokemon series.
- February 28 – Canadian singer Alanis Morissette wins the top honor, Album of the Year award, at the 38th Annual Grammy Awards. She is the youngest person to ever win this award, a record she held until 2010.
- February 29
- In Lumberton, North Carolina, Daniel Green is convicted of the murder of James Jordan, the father of basketball star Michael Jordan.
- Faucett Flight 251 in route from Lima to Rodriguez Ballon airport crashes into a mountain near Arequipa; all 123 people on board are killed.
- At least 81 people drown when a boat capsizes 120 kilometres east of Kampala, Uganda.
- The Bosnian government declares the end of the Siege of Sarajevo.
March[link]
- March 1 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi forces refuse UNSCOM inspection teams access to 5 sites designated for inspection. The teams enter the sites only after delays of up to 17 hours.
- March 2
- Ranabima Royal College is established in Sri Lanka.
- Australian federal election, 1996 is held. Labor's Paul Keating loses to Liberal leader John Howard
- March 3 – José María Aznar, leader of the Popular Party, is elected prime minister of Spain, replacing Felipe González.
- March 3–March 4 – Two more suicide bombs explode in Israel, killing 32. The Yahya Ayyash Units admit responsibility, and Palestinian president Yasser Arafat condemns the killings in a televised address. Israel warns of retaliation.
- March 6
- Mesut Yılmaz, of ANAP forms the new government of Turkey (53rd government)
- A boat carrying market traders capsizes outside Freetown harbour, in Sierra Leone, killing at least 86.
- Chechen rebels attack the Russian government headquarters in Grozny; 70 Russian soldiers and policemen and 130 Chechen fighters are killed.
- March 8 – The People's Republic of China begins surface-to-surface missile testing and military exercises off Taiwanese coastal areas. The United States government condemns the act as provocation, and the Taiwanese government warns of retaliation.
- March 9 – Jorge Sampaio is the new Portuguese president.
- March 11 – John Howard is sworn in as the new Prime Minister of Australia.
- March 13 – Dunblane massacre: Unemployed former shopkeeper Thomas Hamilton walks into the Dunblane Primary School in Scotland and opens fire, killing 16 infant school pupils and one teacher before fatally shooting himself.
- March 14 – An international peace summit is held in Egypt, in response to escalating terrorist attacks in the Middle East.
- March 16 – Robert Mugabe is reelected president of Zimbabwe, although only 32 percent of the electorate actually voted.
- March 17 – Sri Lanka wins the Cricket World Cup by storming to a famous victory against the tournament favourite Australia.
- March 18 – The Ozone Disco Club fire in Quezon City, Philippines kills 163.
- March 20 – The British Government announces that Bovine spongiform encephalopathy has been likely transmitted to people.
- March 23 – The Republic of China or Taiwan holds its first direct elections for president; Lee Teng-hui is re-elected.
- March 24
- Islamists clash with security forces in Kashmir, killing 11.
- The devastating Marcopper mining disaster on the island of Marinduque, Philippines takes place.
- March 25
- An 81-day long standoff begins between antigovernment Freemen and federal officers in Jordan, Montana.
- The 68th Academy Awards, hosted by Whoopi Goldberg, are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles, California with Braveheart winning Best Picture.
- March 26 – The International Monetary Fund approves a $10.2 billion loan to Russia for economic reform.
- March 28
- Fire breaks out at the Pasar Anyar shopping centre in Bogor, West Java. The first death toll estimate is 78 until rescuers notice that 68 of them are mannequins.
- Three British soldiers are found guilty of the manslaughter of Danish tour guide Louise Jensen in Cyprus. Allan Ford, Justin Fowler and Geoffrey Pernell receive life sentences for the September, 1994 rape/murder.
April[link]
- April 1
- The Halifax Regional Municipality in Nova Scotia is created.
- An overcrowded ferry sinks off the coast of Irois, Haiti, killing more than 200 people.
- April 3
- A Boeing 737 military jet crashes into a mountain north of Dubrovnik, Croatia. All 35 people on board die, including United States Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown (see 1996 Croatia USAF CT-43 crash).
- Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski is arrested at his Montana cabin.
- Massacres of Hutus by Tutsis in Burundi take place, with more than 450 killed in a few days.
- April 6
- Fighting breaks out in Monrovia, Liberia, between various rebel factions struggling for power in the country's interrupted civil war. Several foreign nationals leave the nation.
- Major League Soccer kicks off in front of an overflow crowd of 31,683 packed in Spartan Stadium, to witness the historic first game. San Jose Clash forward Eric Wynalda scores the league's first goal in a 1–0 victory over D.C. United.
- Turkish authorities begin Operation Hawk, an army offensive against rebels from the Kurdish Worker's Party in southeastern Turkey.
- April 9
- In a common statement, the European Union officially recognized the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.
- April 11 – The Israeli government launches Operation Grapes of Wrath, consisting of massive attacks on Lebanon, in retaliation for prior terrorist attacks, and sparking off a violent series of retaliations.
- April 18
- Qana Massacre: Over 100 Lebanese civilians are killed after Israel shells the UN compound in Qana.
- In reaction to the Qana Massacre, an Islamist group in Egypt open fire on a hotel, killing 18 Greek tourists and injuring 17 others.
- April 21 – A general election in Italy proclaims a new government headed by Romano Prodi and his Olive Tree coalition, replacing Silvio Berlusconi.
- April 24 – At the urging of Yasser Arafat, the Palestine Liberation Organization drops its clause calling for the removal of Israel. The Israeli government responds by dropping a similar clause concerning the existence of Palestine.
- April 26 – Regional security treaty signed by the “Shanghai Five”.
- April 28
- Port Arthur massacre: Martin Bryant kills 35 people at the Port Arthur, Tasmania tourist site, Australia.
- A bomb explodes in Bhaiperu, Pakistan, killing more than 60 people.
May[link]
- May – Iraq disarmament crisis: UNSCOM supervises the destruction of Al-Hakam, Iraq's main production facility of biological warfare agents.
- May 4 – A Sudanese Federal Airlines jet crashes on a domestic flight in a severe dust storm, while making an emergency landing 325 kilometres northeast of Khartoum, killing all 53 passengers and crew.
- May 8 – The Keck II telescope is dedicated in Hawaii.
- May 9
- South Africa's National Party pulls out of the 2-year-old coalition government, and the African National Congress assumes full political control.
- Ugandan president Yoweri Museveni wins a landslide victory in the country's first direct presidential elections, securing 75% of the vote.
- May 10
- 1996 Everest disaster: A sudden storm engulfs Mount Everest with several climbing teams high on the mountain, leaving 8 dead. By the end of the month, at least 4 other climbers die in the worst season of fatalities on the mountain to date.
- The Australian government introduces a nationwide ban on the private possession of both automatic and semi-automatic rifles, in response to the Port Arthur massacre.
- Vietnamese boat people in Hong Kong, facing forced repatriation due to their classification as economic migrants rather than refugees, stage a protest at the Whitehead Detention Centre.
- May 11 – After takeoff from Miami, Florida, a fire started by improperly handled oxygen canisters in the cargo hold of Atlanta-bound ValuJet Flight 592, causes the Douglas DC-9 to crash in the Florida Everglades, killing all 110 on board.
- May 13 – Severe thunderstorms and a tornado in Bangladesh kill 600.
- May 15 – Nine hostages held by the Free Papua Organization in Irian Jaya are rescued after an operation by the Indonesian military; 2 other hostages are later found dead.
- May 17–28 – Atal Bihari Vajpayee, leader of the Bharatiya Janata Party, is elected the new prime minister of India, replacing P. V. Narasimha Rao of the Indian National Congress. However, the party does not receive an overall majority and Vajpayee resigns 13 days later rather than face a no confidence vote, and is replaced by the United Front, led Deve Gowda.
- May 18 – The X Prize Foundation launches the $10 million Ansari X Prize, which is won in 2004, by Burt Rutan's SpaceShipOne.
- May 19 – Bosnian Serb President Radovan Karadžić resigns from public office after being indicted for war crimes.
- May 20 – Gay rights – Romer v. Evans: The Supreme Court of the United States rules against a law that prevents any city, town or county in the state of Colorado from taking any legislative, executive, or judicial action to protect the rights of homosexuals.
- May 21
- The MV Bukoba sinks in Tanzanian waters in Lake Victoria, killing nearly 1,000 in one of Africa's worst maritime disasters.
- The Trappist Martyrs of Atlas are executed.
- May 23
- Swede Göran Kropp reaches the Mount Everest summit alone without oxygen, after having bicycled there from Sweden.
- Members of the Armed Islamic Group in Algeria kill 7 French Trappist monks, after talks with French government concerning the imprisonment of several GIA sympathisers break down.
- May 27 – First Chechnya War: Russian President Boris Yeltsin meets with Chechnyan rebels for the first time and negotiates a cease-fire in the war.
- May 28 – Albania's general election of May 26 is declared unfair by international monitors, and the ruling Democratic Party under President Sali Berisha is charged by the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe with rigging the elections. Several hundred protestors gather in Tirana to demonstrate against the election result.
- May 30
- The Likud Party, led by Benjamin Netanyahu, wins a narrow victory in the Israeli general election.
- The Hoover Institution releases an optimistic report that global warming will probably reduce mortality in the United States and provide Americans with valuable benefits.[1]
- May 31 – FIFA decides to give the FIFA World Cup 2002, the first World Cup in Asia, to Japan and South Korea, becoming the first World Cup with co-host countries in the history of the event.
June[link]
- June – Iraq disarmament crisis: As Iraq continues to refuse inspectors access to a number of sites, the U.S. fails in its attempt to build support for military action against Iraq in the UN Security Council.
- June 1–June 3 – The Czech Republic's first general election ends inconclusively. Prime Minister Václav Klaus and his incumbent Civic Democratic Party emerge as the winners, but are unable to form a majority government. President Václav Havel refuses to invite Klaus to form a coalition.
- June 4 – The space rocket Ariane 5 explodes 40 seconds after takeoff in French Guiana. The project costs European governments 7.5 billion US dollars over 11 years.
- June 6 – Leighton W. Smith, Jr. resigns as NATO commander in the face of increasing criticism.
- June 7 – An IRA gang kills Detective Garda Jerry McCabe during a botched armed robbery in Adare, County Limerick.
- June 8
- The 10th European Football Championship (UEFA Euro 96) begins in England.
- Steffi Graf defeats Arantxa Sánchez Vicario in the longest ever women's final at the French Open, to win her 19th Grand Slam title.
- June 10 – Peace talks begin in Northern Ireland without Sinn Féin.
- June 11
- June 12 – In Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a panel of federal judges blocks a law against indecency on the internet. The panel says that the 1996 Communications Decency Act would infringe upon the free speech rights of adults.
- June 13 – An 81-day standoff between the Montana Freemen and FBI agents ends with their surrender in Montana.
- June 15 – In Manchester, UK, a massive IRA bomb injures over 200 people and devastates a large part of the city centre.
- June 19 – Boris Yeltsin emerges as the winner in Russia's first round of presidential elections.
- June 20 – Thousands of Megawati Sukarnoputri supporters clash with police in Jakarta.
- June 23
- The Nintendo 64 video game system is released in Japan.
- Archbishop Desmond Tutu is given an official farewell at his retirement service.
- June 25 – The Khobar Towers bombing in Saudi Arabia kills 19 U.S. servicemen.
- June 26 – Journalist Veronica Guerin is shot and killed in her car just outside Dublin.
- June 28 – A new government is formed in Turkey, with Necmettin Erbakan of Refah Partisi becoming prime minister of the coalition government, and deputy and foreign minister Tansu Çiller of the True Path Party succeeding him after two years.
- June 29
- The Prince's Trust concert is held in Hyde Park, London, and is attended by 150,000 people. The Who headlines the event in their first performance since 1989.
- An explosion in a firecrackers factory in Sichuan Province, China kills at least 36 people and injures another 52.
- June 30
- Costas Simitis is elected President of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement of Greece.
- Bosnian Serb leader Radovan Karadžić reliquishes power to his deputy, Biljana Plavšić.
- Germany defeats the Czech Republic 2-1 after extra time in the final of the European Championships.
July[link]
- July
- Iraq disarmament crisis: U.N. Inspector Scott Ritter attempts to conduct surprise inspections on the Republican Guard facility at the airport, but is blocked by Iraqi officials.
- The Prague Manifesto declares the principles of the Esperanto movement.
- Confrontations occur in Northern Ireland between police and Orange Order protestors at Drumcree Church (see Drumcree conflict).
- July 1 – The Northern Territory in Australia legalises voluntary euthanasia.
- July 2 – Lyle and Erik Menendez are sentenced to life in prison without the possibility of parole.
- July 3 – Boris Yeltsin is reelected as President of Russia after the second round of elections.
- July 5 – Dolly the sheep, the first mammal to be successfully cloned from an adult cell, is born at the Roslin Institute in Midlothian, Scotland.
- July 8 – Martina Hingis becomes the youngest person in history (age 15 years and 282 days) to win at Wimbledon in the Ladies' Doubles event.
- July 11 – Arrest warrants are issued for Bosnian Serb war criminals Radovan Karadžić and Ratko Mladić by the Russell Tribunal in The Hague.
- July 12 – Hurricane Bertha: made landfall in North Carolina as a Category 2 storm, causing $270 million in damage to the United States and its possessions and many indirect deaths.
- July 13 – A Republican Sinn Féin bomb explodes outside of a hotel in Enniskillen, Northern Ireland, disrupting a wedding reception and injuring 17 people.
- July 16 – An outbreak of E. coli food poisoning in Japan reaches 6,000 fatalities, after a group of school children who have eaten contaminated lunches die.
- July 17
- Community of Portuguese Language Countries (Comunidade dos Países de Língua Portuguesa) constituted.
- Paris and Rome-bound TWA Flight 800 (Boeing 747) explodes off the coast of Long Island, New York, killing all 230 on board.
- Joe Klein admits that he is "Anonymous", the author of Primary Colors.
- July 18 – Howard Hughes is sentenced to life imprisonment at Chester Crown Court for the rape and murder of 7-year-old Sophie Hook at Llandudno 12 months previously. The trial judge recommends that Hughes, 31, should never be released.
- July 19
- An F3 tornado 5.5 miles (8.9 km) away from the Westminster, Maryland city center injures 3 people and causes $5 million in damages.[2]
- The 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, begin.
- Radovan Karadžić steps down as president of the Serb enclave in Bosnia.
- July 21 – The Saguenay Flood, one of Canada's most costly natural disasters, is caused by flooding on the Saguenay River in Quebec.
- July 24 – The Dehiwala train bombing kills 56 commuters outside Colombo.
- July 25 – The Tutsi-led Burundian army performs a coup and reinstalls previous president Pierre Buyoya, ousting current president Sylvestre Ntibantunganya.
- July 27 – The Centennial Olympic Park bombing at the 1996 Summer Olympics kills 1 and injures 111.
- July 29 – The child protection portion of the Communications Decency Act (1996) is struck down as too broad by a U.S. federal court.
August[link]
- August 1
- Sarah Balabagan returns to the Philippines.
- A pro-democracy demonstration supporting Megawati Sukarnoputri in Indonesia is broken up by riot police.
- August 4 – The 1996 Summer Olympics conclude.
- August 6
- NASA announces that the ALH 84001 meteorite, thought to originate from Mars, contains evidence of primitive life-forms.
- The Australian census is conducted.
- The American punk rock band The Ramones play their last show.
- August 7 – Heavy rains kill more than 80 campers near Huesca, Spain.
- August 9 – Boris Yeltsin is sworn in at the Kremlin for a second term as President of Russia.
- August 11 – The British rock band Oasis plays the biggest free-standing concert in UK history at Knebworth, Hertfordshire.
- August 13 – Data sent back by the Galileo space probe indicates there may be water on one of Jupiter's moons.
- August 14 – A rocket ignited during a fireworks display in Arequipa, Peru knocks down a high-tension power cable into a dense crowd, electrocuting 35 people.
- August 15 – Bob Dole is nominated for President of the United States, and Jack Kemp for Vice President, at the Republican National Convention in San Diego, California.
- August 16 – Brookfield Zoo, Chicago, Illinois. After a three year old boy falls into the 20-foot (6.1 m) deep gorilla enclosure, Binti Jua, a male silverback gorilla sits with the injured boy until his rescue. Video of the ape's actions make him world famous.
- August 16 – After having spent 378 days in Taliban prison, the crew of Russian Il-76TD managed to overpower their guards, board their aircraft and fly to freedom (see: 1995 Airstan incident).
- August 18 The San Jose Mercury News publishes Gary Webb's three-part series on the Reagan CIA's role in crack cocaine importation to fund the Contras.[3]
- August 20 – A thousands-large protest in Seoul, calling for reunification with North Korea, is broken up by riot police.
- August 21 – Former president of South Africa, F. W. de Klerk, makes an official policy for crimes committed under Apartheid to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in Cape Town.
- August 23 – Osama bin Laden writes "The Declaration of Jihad on the Americans Occupying the Country of the Two Sacred Places," a call for the removal of American military forces from Saudi Arabia.
- August 26
- Chun Doo-hwan is sentenced to death, after being found guilty of mutiny and treason.
- Bill Clinton signs welfare reform into law.
- Iraqi expatriates seeking refuge hijack a Sudanese airliner en route from Khartoum to Amman.
- August 28 – Their Royal Highnesses, the Prince and Princess of Wales, are formally divorced at the High Court of Justice in London. Her Royal Highness The Princess of Wales is restyled Diana, Princess of Wales.
- August 29
- U.S. President Bill Clinton and Vice President Al Gore are renominated at the Democratic National Convention in Chicago.
- A Russian Tupolev 154 jetliner crashes into a mountain as it approaches the airport at Spitsbergen, Norway, killing all 141 people on board.
- August 30 – Attempted raising of a 15-tonne section of the RMS Titanic failed as 1,700 spectators, including survivors of the wreck watched.
- August 31
- Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi forces launch an offensive into the northern No-Fly Zone and capture Arbil.
- The Big 12 Conference is inaugurated with a football game between Kansas State University and Texas Tech University in Manhattan, Kansas.
September[link]
- September 2 – A permanent peace agreement is signed at the Malacañang Palace between the Government of the Philippines and the Moro National Liberation Front.
- September 3 – The U.S. launches Operation Desert Strike against Iraq in reaction to the attack on Arbil.
- September 4 – The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia attack a military base in Guaviare, Colombia, starting 3 weeks of guerrilla warfare that will claim the lives of at least 130 Colombians.
- September 10 – Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) signed (it will be ratified 180 days after ratification by 44 Annex 2 countries).
- September 14 – Alija Izetbegović is elected president of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the country's first election since the Bosnian War.
- September 16 – Beast Wars first airs and becomes a milestone in the Transformers franchise through the use of CGI.
- September 18 – A North Korean Sang-O class submarine runs aground in South Korea. The crew are described as spies by the South Korean government and killed by the South Korean military.
- September 19 – The scoreboard at Buffalo's $127.5 million dollar HSBC Arena falls to the ice just hours before a National Hockey League game; no one is injured.
- September 20 – Leader of Pakistani opposition party Pakistan Peoples Party Murtaza Bhutto is killed during a gun battle with police.
- September 22 – The Panhellenic Socialist Movement under the leadership of Costas Simitis succeeds in the 1996 Greek legislative election.
- September 24 – U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty at the United Nations.
- September 25 – The last of the Magdalene Asylums is closed in Ireland.
- September 27 – In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city of Kabul, after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.
October[link]
- October 2
- The Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments are signed by U.S. President Bill Clinton.
- The former prime minister of Bulgaria, Andrei Lukanov, is assassinated.
- An Aeroperú Boeing 757 crashes into the Pacific Ocean when the instruments fail just after takeoff from Lima Airport, killing all 70 on board.
- October 6 – The government of New Zealand agrees to pay $130 million dollars worth of compensation for the loss of land suffered by the Māori population between the years of 1844 and 1864.
- October 15 – Several large strikes begin in various industries across Belgium in protest to the dismissal of the magistrate Jean-Marc Connerotte by the Supreme Court.
- October 22 – A fire at La Planta prison in southwest Caracas, Venezuela, kills 30 prisoners.
- October 23 – The O. J. Simpson civil trial begins in Santa Monica, California.
- October 24 – The Marcopper Mine Disaster occurs dumping toxic copper tailings into the Boac River.
- October 30 – Fighting erupts when Banyamulenga Tutsis of Laurent Kabila in Zaire seize Uvira and proceed to kill Hutu refugees.
- October 31 – A Brazilian TAM Fokker airliner crashes into a densely populated area of São Paulo, killing 103.
November[link]
- November – Iraq disarmament crisis: UNSCOM inspectors uncover buried prohibited missile parts. Iraq refuses to allow UNSCOM teams to remove remnants of missile engines for analysis outside of the country
- November 5
- U.S. presidential election, 1996: Democratic incumbent Bill Clinton defeats Republican challenger Bob Dole to win his second term.
- Pakistani prime minister Benazir Bhutto's government is dismissed by President Farooq Leghari after widespread allegations of corruption.
- November 7
- A devastating category 4 Cyclone strikes Andhra Pradesh, India. The storm surge sweeps fishing villages out to sea, over 2,000 people die. 95 percent of the crops are completely destroyed.
- NASA launches the Mars Global Surveyor.
- November 8 – All 141 people on board a Nigerian-owned Boeing 727 die when the aircraft crashes into the Atlantic Ocean while approaching Lagos airport.
- November 12 – Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747 collides in mid-air with Kazakhstan Airlines Il-76 in New Delhi, India, resulting in the loss of 349 lives.
- November 15 – State Street in Chicago is re-opened to pedestrian traffic.
- November 16 – Mother Teresa receives honorary U.S. citizenship.
- November 17
- A bomb explosion in Kaspiysk, Russia, kills 32 people.
- Emil Constantinescu is elected president of Romania.
- November 18
- World-renowned bird expert Tony Silva is sentenced to 7 years in prison without parole, for leading an illegal parrot smuggling ring.
- Frederick Chiluba is reelected president of Zambia.
- November 19
- Martin Bryant is sentenced to 35 consecutive sentences of life imprisonment plus 1035 years without parole for murdering 35 people in a shooting spree in Tasmania earlier this year.
- Preparatory Commission for the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Organization (CTBTO) established.
- STS-80: Space Shuttle Columbia conducts the longest mission of the Space Shuttle program.
- November 21
- A propane explosion at the Humberto Vidal shoe store and office building in San Juan, Puerto Rico kills 33.
- Demonstrators in Zagreb demand the survival of Radio 101.
- November 23
- The Republic of Angola officially joins the World Trade Organization, as Angola.
- Ethiopian Airlines Flight 961 is hijacked, then crashes into the Indian Ocean off the coast of Comoros after running out of fuel, killing 125.
- November 25
- An ice storm strikes the U.S., killing 26 directly, hundreds more from accidents. A powerful windstorm blasts Florida; winds gust to 90 mph.
- The U.S. stock market, especially the Dow Jones Industrial Average, gains at an incredibly fast pace following the 1996 Presidential election. It gains 10 days in a row during the month.
- The APEC Summit opens in the Philippines.
- November 26 – The Sands Hotel in Las Vegas is imploded to make way for the Venetian Hotel.
December[link]
- December 2
- U.S. President Bill Clinton signs the Electronic Freedom of Information Act Amendments.
- Widespread student pro-democracy protests are broken up in Burma.
- December 5 – Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan gives a speech in which he suggests that "irrational exuberance" may have "unduly escalated asset values".
- December 9 – Jerry Rawlings is reelected president of Ghana.
- December 11 – Tung Chee Hwa is appointed to become the new leader of Hong Kong after it reverts to Chinese rule in 1997.
- December 12 – Uday Hussein is seriously injured in an assassination attempt.
- December 13 – Kofi Annan is elected by the United Nations Security Council the next Secretary-General of the United Nations.
- December 17 – The Túpac Amaru Revolutionary Movement takes 72 hostages in the Japanese Embassy in Lima, Peru.
- December 18 – The loi Carrez, or Carrez law governing property transactions was enacted in France[4]
- December 20
- HM The Queen advises "an early divorce" to Lady Diana Spencer and Charles, Prince of Wales. The divorce was finalized on 28 August 1996.
- Steve Jobs' company NeXT is bought by Apple Computer, the company co-founded by Jobs.
- December 26 – The largest strike in South Korean history begins.
- December 25 – JonBenét Ramsey, 6, is murdered in the basement of her parents' home in Boulder, Colorado.
- December 27 – Taliban forces retake the strategic Bagram Air Base, which solidifies their buffer zone around Kabul.
- December 29 – Guatemala and the leaders of the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Union sign a peace accord that ends a 36-year civil war.
- December 30
- In the Indian state of Assam, a passenger train is bombed by Bodo separatists, killing 26.
- Proposed budget cuts by Benjamin Netanyahu spark protests from 250,000 workers, who shut down services across Israel.
- December 31
- The Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway is merged with the Burlington Northern Railroad to form the BNSF Railway, making it one of the largest railroad mergers in U.S. history.
- The Hacienda in Las Vegas is imploded to make way for the Mandalay Bay.
Date unknown[link]
- The General Motors EV1, the first production electric car of the modern era is launched and becomes available for lease.
- The invasive species Asian long-horned beetle is found in New York.
Births[link]
- January 5 – Max Baldry, English/Russian actor
- January 6 – Kishan Shrikanth, Indian actor and director
- January 26 – Tyger Drew-Honey, English actor
- January 31 – Joel Courtney, American actor
- February 7 – Mai Hagiwara, Japanese singer
- February 9 – Jimmy Bennett, American actor
- February 17 – Sasha Pieterse, South African/American actress
- March 18 – Madeline Carroll, American actress
- March 26 – Kathryn Bernardo, Filipina actress
- April 14 – Abigail Breslin, American actress
- April 25 – Allisyn Ashley Arm, American actress
- May 3 – Noah Munck, American actor
- May 17 – Ryan Ochoa, American actor
- June 12 – Anna Margaret, American singer, songwriter and actress
- June 13 – Kodi Smit-McPhee, Australian actor
- July 16 – Nicky Jones, American actor
- August 1 – Cymphonique Miller, American actress and singer
- August 7 – Liam James, Canadian actor
- August 10 – Jacob Latimore, American R&B recording artist & actor
- September 1 – Zendaya, American actress & singer
- September 12 – Colin Ford, American teen actor and voice actor
- September 25 – Jake Pratt, English Actor and Comedian
- October 15 – Zelo, Korean singer (B.A.P)
- November 18 – Noah Ringer, American actor
- December 6 – Stefanie Scott, American actress
- December 11 – Hailee Steinfeld, American actress
- December 29 – Dylan Minnette, American actor
Deaths[link]
January[link]
.jpg)
- January 1 – Arleigh Burke, U.S Navy Admiral and Chief of Naval Operations (b.1901)
- January 2 – Karl Targownik, Hungarian psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor (b. 1915)
- January 5
- Yahya Ayyash, Palestinian terrorist (b. 1966)
- Lincoln Kirstein, American writer and impressario (b. 1907)
- January 8 – François Mitterrand, President of France (b. 1916)
- January 9
- Fearless Nadia, Indian actress and stuntwoman (b. 1908)
- Sultan Rahi, Pakistani film actor (b. 1938)
- January 15
- Les Baxter, American musician and composer (b. 1922)
- Paramount Chief Moshoeshoe II of Lesotho (b. 1938)
- Amber Hagerman, American murder victim and namesake for the AMBER alert system (b. 1986)
- January 17 – Barbara Jordan, American politician (b. 1936)
- January 18
- Leonor Fini, Argentine artist (b. 1908)
- Endel Puusepp, Soviet Estonian World War II pilot (b. 1909)
- Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao, Indian (Telugu) film actor (b. 1923)
- January 19 – Don Simpson, American film producer (b. 1943)
- January 20 – Gerry Mulligan, American musician (b. 1927)
- January 25 – Jonathan Larson, American composer and playwright (b. 1960)
- January 26 – Duke Georg Alexander of Mecklenburg, head of the House of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (b. 1921)
- January 28
- Joseph Brodsky, Russian-born poet, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1940)
- Jerry Siegel, American cartoonist (b. 1914)
- January 31 – Gustave Solomon, American mathematician and engineer (b. 1930)
February[link]
- February 2 – Gene Kelly, American actor and dancer (b. 1912)
- February 3 – Audrey Meadows, American actress (b. 1926)
- February 6 – Guy Madison, American actor (b. 1922)
- February 7 – Boris Alexandrovich Tchaikovsky, Russian composer (b. 1925)
- February 9 – Adolf Galland, German general and World War II fighter ace (b. 1912)
- February 11
- Kebby Musokotwane, Prime Minister of Zambia (b. 1946)
- Cyril Poole, English cricketer (b. 1921)
- Phil Regan, American actor (b. 1906)
- Amelia Rosselli, Italian poet (b. 1930)
- February 12 – Bob Shaw, Irish writer (b. 1931)
- February 13 – Martin Balsam, American actor (b. 1919)
- February 14
- Eva Hart, British survivor of RMS Titanic (b. 1905)
- Bob Paisley, English football manager (b. 1919)
- February 15
- Tommy Rettig, American actor (b. 1941)
- McLean Stevenson, American actor (b. 1929)
- February 16
- Pat Brown, Governor of California (b. 1905)
- Brownie McGhee, American musician (b. 1915)
- Roger Bowen, American actor (b. 1932)
- February 17 – Evelyn Laye, British actress (b. 1900)
- February 20 – Tōru Takemitsu, Japanese composer (b. 1930)
- February 21 – Morton Gould, American musician and composer (b. 1913)
- February 23 – Helmut Schon, German football player and manager (b. 1915)
- February 25 – Haing S. Ngor, Cambodian actor (b. 1940)
- February 26 – Mieczysław Weinberg, Polish composer (b. 1919)
- February 27
- Sarah Palfrey Cooke, American tennis champion (b. 1912)
- Pat Smythe, British showjumper and author (b. 1928)
March[link]
- March 2 – Lyle Talbot, American actor (b. 1902)
- March 3 – Marguerite Duras, French author and director (b. 1914)
- March 4 – Minnie Pearl, American comedian (b. 1912)
- March 9 – George Burns, American actor and singer (b. 1896)
- March 10 – Ross Hunter, American film producer (b. 1920)
- March 11 – Vince Edwards, American actor (b. 1928)
- March 13 – Krzysztof Kieślowski, Polish film director (b. 1941)
- March 15 – Olga Rudge, American violinist (b. 1895)
- March 16 – Charlie Barnett, American actor (b. 1954)
- March 17 – René Clément, French film director (b. 1913)
- March 18 – Odysseas Elytis, Greek writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1911)
- March 19
- Virginia Henderson, American nurse theorist (b. 1897)
- Chen Jingrun, Chinese mathematician (b. 1933)
- March 25 – John Snagge, British radio personality (b. 1904)
- March 26
- Edmund Muskie, American politician (b. 1914)
- David Packard, American engineer (b. 1912)
- March 29 – Frank Daniel, Czech-born writer, director, producer, teacher (b. 1926)
- March 31 – Jeffrey Lee Pierce, American musician (b. 1958)
April[link]
- April 3
- Carl Stokes, American politician (b. 1927)
- Herk Harvey, American film director (b. 1924)
- April 4
- Barney Ewell, American athlete (b. 1918)
- Boone Guyton, American test pilot (b. 1913)
- Larry LaPrise, American songwriter (b. 1912)
- April 6
- John D. Bulkeley, U.S. Navy Vice Admiral, and Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1911)
- Greer Garson, English actress (b. 1904)
- April 8
- George W. Jenkins, American businessman (b. 1907)
- Ben Johnson, American actor (b. 1918)
- April 16 – Leila Mackinlay, British writer (b. 1910)
- April 16 – Lucille Bremer, American actress (b. 1917)
- April 20 – Christopher Robin Milne, English author and bookseller (b. 1920)
- April 21 – Dzhokhar Dudayev, Chechen President (b. 1944)
- April 22 – Erma Bombeck, American humorist and writer (b. 1927)
- April 23 – P. L. Travers, Australian writer (b. 1899)
- April 25 – Saul Bass, American graphic designer (b. 1920)
- April 26 – Stirling Silliphant, American screenwriter and producer (b. 1918)
May[link]
- May 1 – Luana Patten, American actor (b. 1938)
- May 3 – Jack Weston, American actor (b. 1924)
- May 11
- Nnamdi Azikiwe, President of Nigeria (b. 1904)
- Rob Hall, New Zealand mountaineer (b. 1961)
- May 15 – Charles B. Fulton, American judge (b. 1910)
- May 17
- Kevin Gilbert, American musician, composer, and record producer (b. 1966)
- Scott Brayton, American race car driver (b. 1959)
- May 20 – Jon Pertwee, British actor (b. 1919)
- May 21
- Paul Delph, American musician and producer (b. 1957)
- Lash La Rue, American actor (b. 1917)
- May 22 – Seymour H. Knox III, hockey team owner (b. 1926)
- May 24
- Jacob Druckman, American composer (b. 1928)
- Joseph Mitchell, American writer (b. 1908)
- Enrique Álvarez Félix, Mexican actor (b. 1934)
- May 25 – Brad Nowell, American musician (b. 1968)
- May 29 – Tamara Toumanova, Russian dancer and actress (b. 1919)
- May 31 – Timothy Leary, American writer, psychologist, and advocate of psychedelic drug research and use (b. 1920)
June[link]
- June 2
- John Alton, American cinematographer (b. 1901)
- Ray Combs, American game show host, and comedian (b. 1956)
- Leon Garfield, English children's author (b. 1921)
- June 3 – Peter Glenville, English film director (b. 1913)
- June 5 – Vito Scotti, American character actor (b. 1918)
- June 6
- Kusuo Kitamura, Japanese Olympic swimmer (b. 1917)
- George Davis Snell, American geneticist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1903)
- June 10
- Marie-Louise von Motesiczky, Austrian painter (b. 1906)
- Jo Van Fleet, American actress (b. 1914)
- June 11 – Brigitte Helm, German actress (b. 1908)
- June 15 – Ella Fitzgerald, American singer (b. 1917)
- June 16 – Mel Allen, American sportscaster (b. 1913)
- June 19
- G. David Schine, American businessman (b. 1927)
- Hillevi Rombin, Miss Universe 1955 (b. 1933)
- June 23 – Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1919)
- June 26 – Veronica Guerin, Irish journalist (b. 1958)
- June 27 – Albert R. Broccoli, American film producer (b. 1909)
July[link]
- July 1
- William T. Cahill, America politician (b. 1912)
- Margaux Hemingway, American fashion model and actress (b. 1955)
- July 3 – Raaj Kumar, Indian film actor (b. 1926)
- July 5 – Erik Wickberg, Salvation Army general (b. 1904)
- July 9 – Eno Raud, Estonian children's writer (b. 1928)
- July 12
- John Chancellor, American journalist (b. 1927)
- Jonathan Melvoin, American musician (b. 1961)
- July 13 – Pandro S. Berman, American film producer (b. 1905)
- July 14 – Jeff Krosnoff, American race car driver (b. 1964)
- July 15 – Dana Hill, American actress (b. 1964)
- July 16 – John Panozzo, American drummer (b. 1948)
- July 20 – František Plánička, Czech footballer (b. 1904)
- July 21 – Herb Edelman, American actor (b. 1933)
- July 22 – Jessica Mitford, Anglo-American writer (b. 1917)
- July 23 – Aliki Vougiouklaki, Greek actress (b. 1933)
- July 27 – Jane Drew, English architect (b. 1911)
- July 28 – Roger Tory Peterson, American naturalist and artist (b. 1908)
- July 29 – Jason Thirsk, American bass player (b. 1967)
- July 30 – Claudette Colbert, American actress (b. 1903)
August[link]
- August 1 – Tadeus Reichstein, Polish-born chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1897)
- August 2 – Obdulio Varela, Uruguayan footballer (b. 1917)
- August 8 – Nevill Francis Mott, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1905)
- August 11
- Rafael Kubelík, Czech-born conductor (b. 1914)
- Vanga, Bulgarian prophet, mystic, clairvoyant and herbalist (b. 1911)
- August 12 – Viktor Hambardzumyan, Soviet Armenian scientist (b. 1908)
- August 13 – David Tudor, American pianist and composer (b. 1926)
- August 14 – Camilla Horn, German actress (b. 1903)
- August 20 – Rio Reiser, German rock musician and singer (b. 1950)
- August 27 – Greg Morris, American actor (b. 1933)
- August 31 – Blaine Johnson, American racecar driver (b. 1962)
September[link]
- September 1 – Vagn Holmboe, Danish composer (b. 1909)
- September 7 – Bibi Besch, Austrian-American actress (b. 1940)
- September 9 – Bill Monroe, American "father of bluegrass" music (b. 1911)
- September 10
- Joanne Dru, American actress (b. 1922)
- Hans List, Austrian inventor and automotive pioneer (b. 1896)
- September 13 – Tupac Shakur, American rapper and actor also known as "2Pac" (b. 1971)
- September 14 – Juliet Prowse, American dancer and actress (b. 1936)
- September 15 – Ottis Toole, American serial killer (b. 1947)
- September 16 – Gene Nelson, American dance and actor (b. 1920)
- September 17 – Spiro Agnew, American politician, 39th Vice President of the United States (b. 1918)
- September 18 – Annabella, French actress (b. 1907)
- September 20
- Paul Erdős, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1911)
- Max Manus, Norwegian resistance fighter during World War II (b. 1914)
- September 21
- Henri Nouwen, Dutch Catholic priest and author (b. 1932)
- Geoffrey Wilkinson, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1926)
- September 22 – Dorothy Lamour, American actress (b. 1914)
- September 23 – Fujiko F. Fujio, Japanese cartoonist (b. 1933)
- September 26 – Nicu Ceauşescu, son of Romanian leader Nicolae Ceauşescu (b. 1951)
- September 28 – Mohammad Najibullah, former President of Afghanistan (b. 1947)
- September 29 – Leslie Crowther, British TV comedian and game show host (b. 1933)
October[link]
- October 1 – Pat McGeown, Provisional Irish Republican Army member (b. 1956)
- October 4
- Silvio Piola, Italian footballer (b. 1913)
- Larry Gene Bell, American convicted felon (b. 1949)
- Masaki Kobayashi, Japanese film director (b. 1916)
- October 6 – Ted Bessell, American actor (b. 1935)
- October 8 – William Prince, American actor (b. 1913)
- October 12 – René Lacoste, French tennis champion (b. 1904)
- October 13 – Beryl Reid, British actress (b. 1919)
- October 14 – Laura La Plante, American actress (b. 1904)
- October 16
- Eric Malpass, English novelist (b. 1910)
- Jason Bernard, American actor (b. 1938)
- October 17 – Chris Acland, English musician (b. 1966)
- October 24
- Arthur Axmann, Nazi German Hitler Youth leader (b. 1913)
- Sorley MacLean, Scottish poet (b 1911)
- October 27 – Morey Amsterdam, American actor and comedian (b. 1908)
- October 30 – John Young, British actor (Monty Python) (b. 1916)
- October 31 – Marcel Carné, French film director (b. 1909)
November[link]
- November 1 – Junius Richard Jayewardene, former President of Sri Lanka (b. 1906)
- November 2 – Eva Cassidy, American vocalist (b. 1963)
- November 3
- Abdullah Çatlı, Turkish nationalist (b. 1956)
- Jean-Bédel Bokassa of Central African Republic/Empire (b. 1921)
- November 5 – Eddie Harris, American Jazz musician (b. 1934)
- November 10 – Imam Alimsultanov, Chechen bard (b. 1957)
- November 12 – Peter Leeds, American actor (b. 1917)
- November 14 – Virginia Cherrill, American actress (b. 1908)
- November 15 – Alger Hiss, American State Department official (b. 1904)
- November 18 – Zinovi Gerdt, Russian actor (b. 1916)
- November 21 – Abdus Salam, Pakistani physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1926)
- November 22 – María Casares, French-Spanish actress (b. 1922)
- November 26
- Mark Lenard, American actor (b. 1924)
- Paul Rand, American graphic designer (b. 1914)
- November 28 – Don McNeill, American tennis champion (b. 1918)
- November 30 – Tiny Tim, American musician (b. 1932)
December[link]
- December 3 – Babrak Karmal, President of Afghanistan (b. 1929)
- December 6 – Pete Rozelle, American commissioner of the National Football League (b. 1926)
- December 8 – Howard Rollins, American actor (b. 1950)
- December 9
- Mary Leakey, British archaeologist (b. 1913)
- Diana Morgan, British playwright and screenwriter (b. 1908)
- December 10 – Faron Young, American singer (b. 1932)
- December 11 – Willie Rushton, English comedian, actor, and cartoonist (b. 1937)
- December 13 – Clarence Wijewardena, Sri Lankan musician (b. 1943)
- December 13 – Edward Blishen, English author (b. 1920)
- December 16 – Quentin Bell, English biographer and art historian (b. 1910)
- December 17 – Stanko Todorov, Bulgarian communist politician (b. 1920)
- December 18 – Irving Caesar, American lyricist (b. 1895)
- December 19 – Marcello Mastroianni, Italian actor (b. 1924)
- December 20 – Carl Sagan, American astronomer (b. 1934)
- December 21 – Margret Rey, American children's author and illustrator (b. 1906)
- December 25 – JonBenét Ramsey, child beauty queen and murder victim (b. 1990)
- December 29 – Mireille Hartuch, French singer (b. 1906)
- December 30 – Lew Ayres, American actor (b. 1908)
Nobel Prizes[link]
- Physics – David M. Lee, Douglas D. Osheroff, Robert C. Richardson
- Chemistry – Robert Curl, Sir Harold Kroto, Richard Smalley
- Medicine – Peter C. Doherty, Rolf M. Zinkernagel
- Literature – Wisława Szymborska
- Peace – Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo and José Ramos-Horta
- Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel – James Mirrlees, William Vickrey
Right Livelihood Award[link]
- Herman Daly, The Committee of Soldiers' Mothers of Russia, Kerala Sasthra Sahithya Parishad and George Vithoulkas
References[link]
- CNN - 1996 Year in Review - CNN
- San Jose Mercury News, "Dark Alliance" by Gary Webb. [1]
http://wn.com/1996
Related pages:
http://de.wn.com/1996
http://es.wn.com/1996
http://ru.wn.com/1996 год
http://cs.wn.com/1996
http://pt.wn.com/1996
http://pl.wn.com/1996
http://hi.wn.com/१९९६
http://it.wn.com/1996
http://id.wn.com/1996
http://nl.wn.com/1996
http://fr.wn.com/1996
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Neneh Cherry | |
|---|---|
 Neneh Cherry in June 2008 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Neneh Mariann Karlsson |
| Born | (1964-03-10) 10 March 1964 (age 48) Stockholm, Sweden |
| Genres | Hip hop, trip hop, alternative hip hop |
| Occupations | Singer-songwriter, rapper, DJ |
| Years active | 1987—present |
| Labels | Virgin, Tent Music |
Neneh Mariann Cherry (born Neneh Mariann Karlsson; 10 March 1964) is a Swedish singer-songwriter, rapper, and occasional DJ and broadcaster.[1] Blending hip hop with other influences, Cherry experienced mainstream success with several of her recordings.
Contents |
Early life and family[link]
Cherry was born in Stockholm to a Sierra Leonean father, drummer Amahdu Jah, and a Swedish mother, painter and textile artist Monica Karlsson, later known as Moki Cherry. Her stepfather Don Cherry, an American jazz musician, helped raise her since birth and she took his surname.[1] Through her father, she is the half-sister of singer Titiyo and record producer Cherno Jah, and through her mother, she is the half-sister of musician Eagle-Eye Cherry. She has a stepsister, violinist Jan Cherry, and a stepbrother, jazz musician David Ornette Cherry.
During the first years of her life, Cherry lived in a hippie commune just outside the small town of Hässleholm. The family later moved to Pudsey, England, and in the early 1970s, they lived in an apartment on East Ninth Street in New York. At the age of 14, Cherry dropped out of school and moved to London.
Career[link]
Early work[link]
In London, Cherry joined the punk rock band The Cherries. She moved through several bands, including New Age Steppers, Rip Rig + Panic, and Float Up CP. She also DJ'd, playing early rap music on the reggae pirate Dread Broadcasting Corporation.[2]
[edit] Raw Like Sushi
She began a solo career with "Stop the War", a protest song about the Falkland Islands. She also worked with The The and musician Cameron McVey (a.k.a. Booga Bear), who co-wrote most of her debut album Raw Like Sushi, and whom she would eventually marry.[1] She was intimately involved in the Bristol Urban Culture scene, working as an arranger on Massive Attack's Blue Lines album and helping out in various other ways in the scene. Both Robert Del Naja and Andrew Vowles of Massive Attack contributed to Raw Like Sushi.
The single "Buffalo Stance" was an international blockbuster. "Buffalo Stance" eventually peaked at number 3 in the UK Singles Chart, and the US Billboard Hot 100,[1] and number 1 on the US Dance chart. More singles released between 1988 and 1990 included "Manchild," "Kisses on the Wind," "Heart," and "Inna City Mama." She also found success with "I've Got You Under My Skin" (produced by Morris Temple of The Guards fame), a reworking of the Cole Porter song, which appeared on the Red Hot + Blue AIDS fundraising album. The single reached number 25 in the UK.[1] Cherry was nominated for a Grammy Award in 1990 in the Best New Artist Category; she lost out to Milli Vanilli, who later had their Grammy revoked when it was discovered that they had not performed on their recording. She won a Brit Award in 1990 for Raw Like Sushi.
[edit] Homebrew
Cherry's second album was Homebrew, but it was not as commercially successful as its predecessor.[1] The album had some success on the dance charts with songs "Buddy X" and "Trout." "Buddy X" was a bigger hit years later in a remix by Dreem Teem and on college radio the "Trout" duet with Michael Stipe was popular. Homebrew included the work of Geoff Barrow (on "Somedays"), who would later become part of Portishead.
[edit] Man
Her most recent solo album, 1996's Man, was led by the track "Woman", her take on James Brown's 1966 track "It's a Man's Man's Man's World." It featured the worldwide hit single, "7 Seconds", featuring Youssou N'Dour; and "Trouble Man" a cover of a Marvin Gaye track. "7 Seconds" remained at number 1 in France for a record seventeen weeks in 1994. Another track, "Together Now", featured Tricky. Cherry received her second Grammy nomination in 1994 for "7 Seconds". In the MTV Europe Music Awards in 1994, "7 Seconds" won the Best Song title.
Neneh Chérie Remixes, a remix album of Man songs, was released in 1997.
CirKus[link]
In 2006, Cherry announced the formation of a new band, cirKus. In addition to Cherry, cirKus members are Cameron McVey, Lolita Moon (Neneh and Cameron's daughter Tyson) plus Karmil. CirKus has toured Europe, with a single North American performance at the Montreal Jazz Festival in July 2006 plus a few dates in Brazil in 2008. The band's first album, Laylow, was released in France in 2006. A remixed/recorded version was released in 2007. A second CirKus album, Medicine, was released in France in March 2009.
Other collaborations[link]
Although Cherry has only released a handful of albums, she has frequently collaborated with other artists. She performed a duet with Matt Johnson of The The on the track Slow Train To Dawn from The The's 1986 album Infected. Slow Train To Dawn reached #64 in the UK and received sporadic airplay on US alternative radio stations. She rapped on the B-side of the Morgan/McVey single "Looking Good Diving With The Wild Bunch" (1987). Cherry worked with Jon Marsh of The Beloved on a new version of their single "You've Got Me Thinking". Although the track was never officially released, two demo versions were available from The Beloved's website. Cherry also contributed guest vocals on Pulp's UK #1 album This Is Hardcore, singing on the track "Seductive Barry". In 1990, Cherry contributed "I've Got You Under My Skin" to the AIDS benefit album Red Hot + Blue produced by the Red Hot Organization.
Cherry collaborated with Edward Kowalczyk the lead singer of the band Live. They contributed a duet entitled "Walk into this Room" written by Kowalczyk for the soundtrack to the movie Playing by Heart (1998). In 1999 she covered the ESG song "Moody" on Christian Falk's debut Quel Bordel. Also in 1999, "Twisted Mess", a collaboration with Craig Armstrong, was recorded for the soundtrack of the film Best Laid Plans. It was also included on the soundtrack to The Dancer (2000) and released as a promotional single on France's Delabel label. Cherry appeared on Peter Gabriel's 11th album OVO in 2000.
In addition she contributed vocals alongside Speech and Ulali on 1 Giant Leap's 2003 song "Braided Hair". In the 2005 release of Gorillaz's Demon Days, she contributed vocals to the tracks "Kids With Guns". She performed the song in the Demon Days Live concerts in 2006. The same year she appeared with the Swedish rapper Petter on his album P, singing in Swedish. She contributed vocals to the Groove Armada tracks, "The Groove Is On" and "Think Twice", featured on the band's album Love Box. In 2006 she was featured in the song "Yours to Keep", by the Stockholm outfit Teddybears on their album Soft Machine. In 2007 she again duetted with Youssou N'Dour on one track, "Wake Up Africa", released on his 2007 album Rokku Mi Rokka.
In 2006 she was featured in the song "High Drama", by the German DJ Timo Maas on his album Pictures.
In 2008 she appeared on Swedish producer Kleerup's self-titled album, contributing vocals to the track "Forever".
In March 2011 she joined the experimental jazz group The Thing. Their album The Cherry Thing will be released in June 2012.
Other work[link]
Cherry appeared in a non-singing capacity in Big Audio Dynamite's 1986 video for "C'mon Every Beatbox", dancing onstage with others during the band's performance. In early 2004, Cherry presented Neneh Cherry's World of Music, a six-part series broadcast on BBC Radio 2.
In the late 1980s, Cherry helped to bankroll the band Massive Attack.[3]
In April 2007, Cherry presented a six-part cookery show Neneh and Andi – Dish it Up with her friend Andrea Oliver for BBC Two. The pair would later appear on Gordon Ramsay's The F-Word as part of the amateur brigade.
Personal life[link]
Cherry married The Bank drummer Bruce Smith in 1983 and their daughter Naima was also born that year.[4][5] They divorced in 1984. Their daughter Naima is a London-based photographer, who in 2004 had son Louis Clyde Flynn Love.[5][6] In 1987 Cherry met producer Cameron McVey at Heathrow Airport. Cherry and McVey were en route to Japan, as fashion models as part of London designer Ray Petri's Buffalo Posse. Cherry proposed, and the two married in 1990. Together they have daughters Tyson, born in 1989, and Mabel, born in 1996.[4] Their relationship is also work-related, as McVey produced and co-wrote Raw Like Sushi; together they have supported a variety of British acts; and they are in the group cirKus together. Her stepson Marlon Roudette fronts the British duo Mattafix.
The Cherry-McVeys have lived throughout Europe. In 1993 they moved to Spain. In 1992, they briefly attempted to live in New York. They bought a home in the Park Slope section of Brooklyn, New York. Soon after moving in, the couple was held up at gunpoint and robbed by a teenage bandit. The entire family packed up again and headed back to London's Primrose Hill.[7] They next returned to Cherry's childhood home in Sweden; living in the same schoolhouse turned home (featured in Homebrew album artwork) that Cherry studied in as a child.[7] For many years they split their time between the UK and Sweden, but made Sweden their permanent base around 2003. They have a country house near Birmingham and Wolverhampton, apartments in London and Stockholm plus the old schoolhouse in Skåne County.
Discography[link]
Main article: Neneh Cherry discography
- Solo
- Raw Like Sushi (1989)
- Homebrew (1992)
- Man (1996)
- With CirKus
- Laylow (2006)
- Medicine (2009)
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ a b c d e f Strong, Martin C. (2000). The Great Rock Discography. Mojo Books. p. 176. ISBN 1-84195-017-3.
- ^ Vague, Tom (2006). "Counter Culture Portobello Psychogeographical History". PortobelloFilmFestival.com. http://www.portobellofilmfestival.com/talkpics/talk-vague04.html.
- ^ "Neneh Cherry". lyricsfreak.com. 2010. http://www.lyricsfreak.com/n/neneh+cherry/biography.html.
- ^ a b "Neneh Cherry Online - Interview". Buddyx.com. http://www.buddyx.com/NenehCherry/articles/pachainterview.htm. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
- ^ a b "Neneh Cherry Online - Discography 'Albums'". Buddyx.com. 2004-06-23. http://www.buddyx.com/NenehCherry/articles/beatmagazine.htm. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
- ^ "Neneh is a Grandma!". Buddyx.com. 2004-06-23. http://www.buddyx.com/NenehCherry/articles/beatmagazine.htm. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
- ^ a b Outre risque -The Neneh Cherry Homepage, a fansite
External links[link]
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Cherry, Neneh |
| Alternative names | Karlsson, Neneh Mariann (birth name) |
| Short description | Swedish singer-songwriter |
| Date of birth | 10 March 1964 |
| Place of birth | Stockholm, Sweden |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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| Bee Gees | |
|---|---|
 The Bee Gees performing on Dutch television in 1968. From left to right: Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb |
|
| Background information | |
| Genres | Pop, pop rock, disco, blue-eyed soul, soft rock |
| Years active | 1958–2003 2009–2012 |
| Labels | RSO, Warner Bros., Festival, Polydor, Atco |
| Website | www.beegees.com |
| Past members | |
| Barry Gibb Robin Gibb Maurice Gibb Colin Petersen Vince Melouney Geoff Bridgford Alan Kendall Dennis Bryon Blue Weaver |
|
The Bee Gees were a musical group founded in 1958. The group's line-up consisted of brothers Barry, Robin, and Maurice Gibb. The trio were successful for most of their decades of recording music, but they had two distinct periods of exceptional success: as a pop act in the late 1960s/early 1970s, and as prominent performers of the disco music era in the late 1970s.
The group sang three-part tight harmonies that were instantly recognisable; Robin's clear vibrato lead was a hallmark of their earlier hits, while Barry's R&B falsetto became their signature sound during the late 1970s and 1980s. The brothers wrote all of their own hits, as well as writing and producing several major hits for other artists.
Born in the Isle of Man to English parents, the Gibb brothers lived their first few years in Chorlton, Manchester, England, then moved in the late 1950s to Redcliffe, Queensland, Australia, where they began their musical careers.[1] After achieving their first chart success in Australia with "Spicks and Specks" (their 12th single), they returned to the United Kingdom in January 1967 where producer Robert Stigwood began promoting them to a worldwide audience.
It has been estimated that the Bee Gees' career record sales total more than 220 million,[2] ranking them among the best-selling music artists of all time. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997;[3] the presenter of the award to "Britain's first family of harmony" was Brian Wilson, historical leader of the Beach Boys, a "family act" also featuring three harmonising brothers.[4] The Bee Gees' Hall of Fame citation says "Only Elvis Presley, The Beatles, Michael Jackson, Garth Brooks and Paul McCartney have outsold the Bee Gees".[3]
Following Maurice's sudden death in January 2003, Barry and Robin Gibb retired the group's name after 45 years of activity. In 2009, however, Robin announced that he and Barry had agreed that the Bee Gees would re-form and perform again.[5] Robin died in May 2012 after a prolonged bout of cancer.[6]
Contents |
History[link]
Early years[link]
Barry Gibb (b. 1946) and fraternal twin brothers Robin (1949–2012) and Maurice Gibb (1949–2003) were born on the Isle of Man, but the family returned to father Hugh Gibb's home town of Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester, England where they went to Oswald Road Primary School, in the early 1950s where the boys began to sing in harmony. The story is told that they were going to lip sync to a record in the local Gaumont cinema (as other children had done on previous weeks) and as they were running to the theatre, the heavy 78-RPM record broke. The brothers had to sing live and received such a positive response from the audience that they decided to pursue a singing career.[7]
In 1958 the Gibb family, including infant brother, Andy (1958–1988), emigrated to Redcliffe in Queensland, Australia. The young brothers began performing where they could to raise pocket money. First called the Rattlesnakes, later Wee Johnny Hayes & the Bluecats, they were introduced to radio DJ Bill Gates by racetrack promoter Bill Goode (who saw them perform at Brisbane's Speedway Circuit). Gates renamed them the "Bee Gees" after his and Goode's initials – thus the name was not specifically a reference to "Brothers Gibb", despite popular belief.[8]
By 1960 the Bee Gees were featured on television shows. In the next few years they began working regularly at resorts on the Queensland coast. For his songwriting, Barry sparked the interest of Australian star Col Joye, who helped them get a record deal with Festival Records subsidiary, Leedon Records, in 1963 under the name "Bee Gees." The three released two or three singles a year, while Barry supplied additional songs to other Australian artists. From 1963 to 1966 the Gibb family lived at 171 Bunnerong Road, Maroubra in Sydney.[9]
A minor hit in 1965, "Wine and Women", led to the group's first LP The Bee Gees Sing and Play 14 Barry Gibb Songs. By 1966 Festival was, however, on the verge of dropping them from the Leedon roster because of their perceived lack of commercial success. It was at this time that they met American-born songwriter, producer and entrepreneur, Nat Kipner, who had just been appointed A&R manager of a new independent label, Spin Records. Kipner briefly took over as the group's manager and successfully negotiated their transfer to Spin in exchange for Festival being granted the Australian distribution rights to the group's recordings.[citation needed]
Through Kipner the Bee Gees met engineer-producer, Ossie Byrne. He produced (or co-produced with Kipner) many of the earlier Spin recordings, most of which were cut at his own small self-built St Clair Studio in the Sydney suburb of Hurstville. Byrne gave the Gibb brothers virtually unlimited access to St Clair Studio over a period of several months in mid-1966. The group later acknowledged that this enabled them to greatly improve their skills as recording artists. During this productive time they recorded a large batch of original material—including the song that would become their first major hit, "Spicks and Specks" (on which Byrne played the trumpet coda) – as well as cover versions of current hits by overseas acts such as The Beatles. They regularly collaborated with other local musicians, including members of beat band Steve & The Board, led by Steve Kipner, Nat's teenage son.
Frustrated by their lack of success, the Gibbs decided to return to England in late 1966. Ossie Byrne travelled with them, and Colin Petersen, who eventually became the group's drummer, followed soon after. While at sea in January 1967, they learned that "Spicks and Specks" had been awarded Best Single of the Year by Go-Set, Australia's most popular and influential music newspaper.
Late 1960s: first international fame[link]
Before their departure from Australia to England, Hugh Gibb sent demos to Brian Epstein who managed The Beatles and was director of NEMS, a British music store and promoter. Brian Epstein had passed the demo tapes to Robert Stigwood, who had recently joined NEMS. After an audition with Stigwood in February 1967, the Bee Gees were signed to a five-year contract whereby Polydor Records would be their record label in the United Kingdom and ATCO Records would be the United States distributor. Work quickly began on the group's first international album, and Robert Stigwood launched a promotional campaign to coincide with its release.
Stigwood proclaimed that the Bee Gees were "The Most Significant New Talent Of 1967" and thus began the immediate comparison to The Beatles.[10] Their second British single (their first UK 45 rpm issued was "Spicks and Specks"), "New York Mining Disaster 1941", was issued to radio stations with a blank white label listing only the song title. Some DJs immediately assumed this was a new single by The Beatles and started playing the song in heavy rotation. This helped the song climb into the Top 20 in both the United Kingdom and the United States. No such chicanery was needed to boost the Bee Gees' second single, "To Love Somebody", into the US Top 20. Originally written for Otis Redding, "To Love Somebody" was a soulful ballad sung by Barry, which has since become a pop standard covered by hundreds of artists including Gram Parsons, Rod Stewart, Bonnie Tyler, Janis Joplin, The Animals, Nina Simone, Jimmy Somerville and Michael Bolton. Another single, "Holiday", was released in the United States, peaking at No. 16. The parent album, Bee Gees 1st (their first internationally), peaked at No. 7 in the United States and No. 8 in the United Kingdom.
Following the success of Bee Gees 1st, the band (which now consisted of Barry on rhythm guitar, Maurice on bass, Vince Melouney on lead guitar and Colin Petersen on drums),.[10] began work on the act's second album. Released in late 1967, Horizontal repeated the success of their first album, featuring the No. 1 UK single "Massachusetts" (a No. 11 US hit), and the No. 7 UK single "World". The sound of the album Horizontal had a more "rock" sound than their previous release, though ballads like "And The Sun Will Shine" and "Really And Sincerely" were also prominent. The Horizontal album reached No. 12 in the US, and No. 16 in the UK promoting the record, the Bee Gees made their first appearances in America, playing live concerts and television shows such as The Ed Sullivan Show and Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In. Two more singles followed in early 1968, the ballad "Words" (No. 15 US, No. 8 UK) and the double A-sided single "Jumbo" b/w "The Singer Sang His Song". "Jumbo" was the Bee Gees' least successful single to date only reaching No. 57 in the US, and No. 25 in the UK. The Bee Gees felt that "The Singer Sang His Song" was the stronger of the two sides, an opinion shared by listeners in the Netherlands, who made it a No. 3 hit. Further Bee Gees chart singles followed: "I've Gotta Get a Message to You" (No. 8 US, No. 1 UK) and "I Started A Joke" (No. 6 US), both culled from the band's third album Idea. Idea was another Top 20 album in the US (No. 17) and the UK (No. 4). Following the tour and TV special to promote the album, Vince Melouney left the group, feeling that he wanted to play more of a blues style music than the Gibbs were writing. Melouney did achieve one feat while with the Bee Gees—his composition "Such A Shame" (from Idea) is the only song on any Bee Gees album not written by a Gibb brother.
By 1969, the cracks began to show within the group. Robin began to feel that Stigwood had been favouring Barry as the frontman. Their next album, which was to have been a concept album called Masterpeace, evolved into the double-album Odessa. Most rock critics felt this was the best Bee Gees album of the '60s, with its progressive rock feel on the title track, the country-flavoured "Marley Purt Drive" and "Give Your Best", and signature ballads such as "Melody Fair" and "First of May"; the last of which became the only single from the album, and was a minor hit. Feeling that the flipside, "Lamplight" should have been the A-side, Robin quit the group in mid-1969 and launched a solo career. Robin Gibb saw brief success in Europe with the No. 2 hit "Saved By The Bell" and the album Robin's Reign. Barry and Maurice continued as the Bee Gees, even recruiting their sister Lesley to appear with them on stage.
The first of many Bee Gees compilations, Best of Bee Gees was released, featuring the non-LP single "Words" plus the Australian hit "Spicks and Specks" The CD release replaces "Spicks and Specks" with another non-LP single "Tomorrow Tomorrow", because Polydor could no longer secure the rights to the Australian track. "Tomorrow Tomorrow" was a moderate hit in the UK reaching No. 23, but stalled at No. 54 in the US. The compilation reached the Top Ten in both the US and the UK.
While Robin was off on his own, Barry, Maurice, and Colin continued on as the Bee Gees, recording their next album, Cucumber Castle. There was also a TV special filmed to accompany the album, which aired on the BBC in 1971. Colin Petersen played drums on the tracks recorded for the album, but was fired from the group after filming began and his parts were edited out of the final cut of the film. After Colin was fired, Australian drummer Geoff Bridgford was recruited to complete the recording of songs for Cucumber Castle. The leadoff single, "Don't Forget to Remember" was a big hit in the UK reaching No. 2, but a disappointment in the US, only reaching No. 73. The next 2 singles, "I.O.I.O." and "If I Only Had My Mind on Something Else" barely scraped the charts, and following the release of the album, Barry and Maurice parted ways. It seemed that the Bee Gees were finished. Barry recorded a solo album which never saw official release, though "I'll Kiss Your Memory" was released as a single, without much interest. Meanwhile, Maurice released the single "Railroad", and starred in the West End musical Sing A Rude Song.
Early 1970s[link]
File:Bee Gees' wordmark logo (1975-1981).gif
Bee Gees' wordmark logo (1975-1981)
The three brothers reunited in the later part of 1970 penning a series of songs about heartache and loneliness. During this period they became a four piece band joined again by Australian drummer Geoff Bridgford who after playing on the 2 Years On album and Trafalgar album became the last non-Gibb brother to be a member of the Bee Gees. Although they had lost traction on the British charts, the Bee Gees hit No. 3 in America with "Lonely Days" (from the reunion LP 2 Years On) and had their first US No. 1 with "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart" (from Trafalgar). The trio's talents were included in the soundtrack for the 1971 film Melody as they performed several songs for the title. In 1972, they hit No. 16 in America with the single "My World" and "Run To Me" from the LP To Whom It May Concern; the latter also returned them to the British top ten for the first time in three years.
By 1973, however, the Bee Gees were in a rut. The album, Life in a Tin Can, released on RSO Records and its lead-off single, "Saw a New Morning," sold poorly with the single peaking at No. 94. This was followed by an unreleased album (known as A Kick in the Head Is Worth Eight in the Pants). A second compilation album, Best of Bee Gees, Volume 2 was released in 1973, though it did not repeat the success of Volume 1.
On the advice of Ahmet Ertegün, head of their US label Atlantic Records, Stigwood arranged for the group to record with famed soul music producer Arif Mardin. The resulting LP, Mr. Natural, included fewer ballads and foreshadowed the R&B direction of the rest of their career. But when it too failed to attract much interest, Mardin encouraged them to work with the soul music style.
The brothers attempted to assemble a live stage band that could replicate their studio sound. Lead guitarist Alan Kendall had come on board in 1971, but did not have much to do until Mr. Natural. For that album, they added drummer Dennis Bryon, and they later added ex-Strawbs keyboard player Blue Weaver, completing the late 1970s "Bee Gees band". Maurice, who had previously performed on piano, guitar, organ, mellotron, and bass guitar, as well as exotica like mandolin and Moog synthesiser, now confined himself to bass onstage.
At Eric Clapton's suggestion, the brothers relocated to Miami, Florida, early in 1975 to record. After starting off with ballads, they eventually heeded the urging of Mardin and Stigwood and crafted more rhythmic disco songs, including their second US No. 1, "Jive Talkin'", along with US No. 7 "Nights on Broadway." The band liked the resulting new sound, and this time the public agreed, sending the LP Main Course up the charts. This was their second album to have two US top-10 singles since 1968's Idea. Main Course also became their first charting R&B album. Mardin was unable to work with the group afterwards, but the Bee Gees enlisted Albhy Galuten and Karl Richardson who had worked with Mardin during the Main Course sessions. This production team would carry the Bee Gees through the rest of the 1970s.
The next album, Children of the World, was drenched in Barry's newfound falsetto and Weaver's synthesiser disco licks. Led off by the single "You Should Be Dancing," it pushed the Bee Gees to a level of stardom they had not previously achieved in the US, though their new R&B/disco sound was not as popular with some die hard fans from the 1960s. The Bee Gees' band was now closer to a rock act, with rhythm guitar and real drums behind the falsetto.
[edit] Late 1970s: Saturday Night Fever
Following a successful live album, Here at Last... Bee Gees... Live, the Bee Gees agreed with Stigwood to participate in the creation of the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack. It would be the turning point of their career. The cultural impact of both the film and the soundtrack was seismic, not only in the United States, but in the rest of the world as well, bringing the nascent disco scene mainstream.
The band's involvement in the film did not begin until post-production. As John Travolta asserted, "The Bee Gees weren't even involved in the movie in the beginning ... I was dancing to Stevie Wonder and Boz Scaggs."[11] Producer Robert Stigwood commissioned the Bee Gees to create the songs for the film. The brothers wrote the songs "virtually in a single weekend" at France's Château d'Hérouville studio.[11] Barry Gibb remembered the reaction when Stigwood and music supervisor Bill Oakes arrived and listened to the demos:
| “ | They flipped out and said these will be great. We still had no concept of the movie, except some kind of rough script that they'd brought with them ... You've got to remember, we were fairly dead in the water at that point, 1975, somewhere in that zone–- the Bee Gees' sound was basically tired. We needed something new. We hadn't had a hit record in about three years. So we felt, Oh Jeez, that's it. That's our life span, like most groups in the late 60s. So, we had to find something. We didn't know what was going to happen.[11] | ” |
Bill Oakes, who supervised the soundtrack, asserts that Saturday Night Fever did not begin the disco craze; rather, it prolonged it: "Disco had run its course. These days, Fever is credited with kicking off the whole disco thing–-it really didn't. Truth is, it breathed new life into a genre that was actually dying."[11]
Three Bee Gees singles ("How Deep Is Your Love", "Stayin' Alive", and "Night Fever") reached No. 1 in the United States and many countries around the world, launching the most popular period of the disco era. They also penned the song "If I Can't Have You" which became a No. 1 hit for Yvonne Elliman, while the Bee Gees' own version was the B-Side of "Stayin' Alive." Such was the popularity of Saturday Night Fever that two different versions of the song "More Than a Woman" received airplay, one by the Bee Gees, which was relegated to album track, and another by Tavares, which was the hit. The Gibb sound was inescapable. During an eight-month period beginning in the Christmas season of 1977, six songs written by the brothers held the No. 1 position on the US charts for 25 of 32 consecutive weeks—three of their own releases, two for brother Andy Gibb, and the Yvonne Elliman single.
Fueled by the movie's success, the soundtrack broke multiple industry records, becoming the highest-selling album in recording history to that point. With more than 40 million copies sold, Saturday Night Fever is among music's top five best selling soundtrack albums. It is currently calculated as the 4th highest-selling album worldwide.[12]
During this era, Barry and Robin also wrote "Emotion" for an old friend, Australian vocalist Samantha Sang, who made it a Top Ten hit (the Bee Gees sang backing vocals). Barry also wrote the title song to the movie version of the Broadway musical Grease for Frankie Valli to perform, which went to No. 1. During this period, the Bee Gees' younger brother Andy followed his older siblings into a music career, and enjoyed considerable success. Produced by Barry, Andy Gibb's first three singles all topped the US charts. In March 1978, the Bee Gees held the top 2 positions on the US Charts with "Night Fever" and "Stayin' Alive", the first time this had happened since The Beatles. On the US Billboard Hot 100 chart for 25 March 1978, five songs written by the Gibbs were in the US top ten at the same time: "Night Fever", "Stayin' Alive", "If I Can't Have You", "Emotion" and "Love is Thicker Than Water". Such chart dominance hadn't been seen since April 1964, when The Beatles had all five of the top five American singles. Barry Gibb became the only songwriter to have four consecutive number one hits in the US breaking the John Lennon and Paul McCartney 1964 record. These songs were "Stayin' Alive", "Love Is Thicker Than Water", "Night Fever", "If I Can't Have You".
The Bee Gees also co-starred with Peter Frampton in the movie Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1978) loosely inspired by the classic 1967 album by The Beatles. The film had been heavily promoted prior to release, and was expected to enjoy great commercial success. However, the disjointed film was savaged by the movie critics, and ignored by the public. Though some of its tracks charted, the soundtrack too was a high-profile flop. The single "Oh! Darling", credited to Robin Gibb, reached No. 15 in the US. Previously, the Bee Gees had recorded three Beatles covers—"Golden Slumbers/Carry That Weight", "She Came in Through the Bathroom Window" and "Sun King" – for the transitory musical documentary All This and World War II.
The Bee Gees' follow-up to Saturday Night Fever was the Spirits Having Flown album. It yielded three more No. 1 hits: "Too Much Heaven", "Tragedy", and "Love You Inside Out." This gave the act six consecutive No. 1 singles in America within a year and a half (a record surpassed only by Whitney Houston). "Too Much Heaven" ended up as the Bee Gees' musical contribution to the Music for UNICEF Concert at the United Nations General Assembly in January 1979, a benefit organised by the Bee Gees, Robert Stigwood, and David Frost for UNICEF that was broadcast worldwide. The brothers donated the royalties from the song to the charity. Up to 2007, this song has earned over $11 million for UNICEF. During the summer of 1979, the Bee Gees embarked on their largest concert tour covering the US and Canada. The Spirits Having Flown tour capitalised on Bee Gees fever that was sweeping the nation, with sold out concerts in 38 cities. The Bee Gees produced a video for the title track of "Too Much Heaven" directed by Miami-based film-maker, Martin Pitts and produced by Charles Allen. With this video, Pitts and Allen began a long association with the brothers.
The Bee Gees even had a country hit in 1979 with "Rest Your Love On Me", the flip side of their pop hit "Too Much Heaven", which made Top 40 on the country charts. In 1981, Conway Twitty's version of "Rest Your Love On Me" topped the country charts.
The Bee Gees' overwhelming success rose and fell with the disco bubble. By the end of 1979, disco was rapidly declining in popularity, and the backlash against disco put the Bee Gees' American career in a tailspin. Radio stations around America began promoting "Bee Gee Free Weekends". Following their remarkable run from 1975 to 1979, the act would have only one more top ten single in the US, and that would not come until 1989. The Bee Gees' international popularity sustained somewhat less damage. Barry Gibb considered the success of the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack both a blessing and a curse:
| “ | Fever was No. 1 every week ... It wasn't just like a hit album. It was No. 1 every single week for 25 weeks. It was just an amazing, crazy, extraordinary time. I remember not being able to answer the phone, and I remember people climbing over my walls. I was quite grateful when it stopped. It was too unreal. In the long run, your life is better if it's not like that on a constant basis. Nice though it was.[11] | ” |
1980s[link]
Robin and Barry Gibb released various solo albums in the 1980s but only with sporadic and moderate chart success. The brothers had continuing success behind the scenes, however, writing and producing for several artists. In 1980 Barry Gibb worked with Barbra Streisand on her album Guilty. He co-produced and wrote or co-wrote all nine of the album's tracks (four of them written with Robin and the title track with both Robin and Maurice). Barry also appeared on the album's cover with Streisand, and duetted with her on two tracks. The album reached No.1 in both the US and the UK, as did the single "Woman in Love" (written by Barry and Robin), becoming Streisand's most successful single and album to date.
In 1981 the Bee Gees released the album Living Eyes, their last release on RSO. This album was the first CD ever played in public, when it was played to viewers of the BBC show Tomorrow's World.[13] With the disco backlash still running strong, the album failed to make the UK or US Top 40. Two singles from the album fared little better – "He's a Liar" reached No. 30 in the US and "Living Eyes" reached No. 45, breaking the Bee Gees' Top 40 streak which started in 1975 with "Jive Talkin'".
In 1982 Dionne Warwick enjoyed a UK No.2 and US Adult Contemporary No. 1 with her comeback single, "Heartbreaker", taken from her album of the same name written largely by the Bee Gees and co-produced by Barry Gibb. The album reached No.3 in the UK and the Top 30 in the US where it was certified Gold.
A year later Dolly Parton and Kenny Rogers recorded the Bee Gees-penned track "Islands in the Stream", which became a US No. 1 hit and Top 10 in the UK. Rogers' 1983 album, Eyes That See In The Dark, was written entirely by the Bee Gees and co-produced by Barry. The album was a Top 10 hit in the US and was certified Double Platinum.
The Bee Gees had greater success with the soundtrack to Staying Alive in 1983, the sequel to Saturday Night Fever. The soundtrack was certified platinum in the US, and included their Top 30 hit "The Woman in You".
Also in 1983 the band were sued by Chicago songwriter Ronald Selle, who claimed that the brothers stole melodic material from one of his songs, "Let It End", and used it in "How Deep Is Your Love". At first, the Bee Gees lost the case; one juror said that a factor in the jury's decision was the Gibbs' failure to introduce expert testimony rebutting the plaintiff's expert testimony that it was "impossible" for the two songs to have been written independently. However, the verdict was overturned a few months later.
In 1985 Diana Ross released the album Eaten Alive, written by the Bee Gees, with the title track co-written with Michael Jackson (who also performed on the track). The album was again co-produced by Barry Gibb and the single "Chain Reaction" gave Ross a UK and Australian No.1 hit.
The Bee Gees released the album E.S.P. in 1987, which sold over 3 million copies. It was their first album in six years, and their first for Warner Bros. Records. The single "You Win Again" went to No. 1 in numerous countries, including the UK,[14] and made the Bee Gees the first group to score a UK No. 1 hit in each of three decades: the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s.[15] The single was a disappointment in the US, charting at No. 75, and the Bee Gees voiced their frustration over American radio stations not playing their new European hit single, an omission which the group felt led to poor sales of their current album in the States.
On 10 March 1988, younger brother Andy died, aged 30, as a result of myocarditis, an inflammation of the heart muscle due to a recent viral infection. His brothers acknowledge that Andy's past drug and alcohol use probably made his heart more susceptible to this illness. Just before Andy's death, it had been decided by the group that Andy would join them, which would have made the group a four-piece group. The Bee Gees' following album, One (1989), featured a song dedicated to Andy, "Wish You Were Here". The album also contained their first US top ten hit (No. 7) in a decade, "One". After the album's release, they embarked on their first world tour in ten years.
1990s[link]
In 1990, Polydor Records issued the box set Tales from the Brothers Gibb: A History in Song, which contained all of the group's singles (except 1981's "Living Eyes"), rare B-sides, unreleased tracks, solo material, and live performances. Many songs received new stereo mixes by Bill Inglot with some songs making their CD debut. At the time of its release, Tales was one of the first box sets issued in the music business and it was considered an honour for a group to have one. In the UK, Polydor issued a single disc hits collection from Tales called The Very Best of the Bee Gees, which contained their biggest UK hits. The album became one of their best selling albums in that country, eventually being certified Triple Platinum.
Following their next album, High Civilization (1991), which contained the UK top five hit "Secret Love", the Bee Gees went on a European tour. After the tour, Barry Gibb began to battle a serious back problem, which required surgery. In addition, he also suffered from arthritis, and at one point, it was so severe that it was doubtful that he would be able to play guitar for much longer. Also in the early 1990s, Maurice Gibb finally sought treatment for his alcoholism, which he had battled for many years, with the help of Alcoholics Anonymous.
In 1993, the group returned to the Polydor label, and released the album Size Isn't Everything, which contained the UK top five hit "For Whom the Bell Tolls". Success still eluded them in the US, however, as the first single released, "Paying the Price of Love" only managed to reach No. 74 on the Billboard Hot 100 while the parent album stalled at No. 153.
In 1997, they released the album Still Waters, which sold over four million copies, and reached No.2 in the UK (their highest album chart position there since 1979) and No.11 in the US. The album's first single, "Alone", gave them another UK Top 5 hit and a top 30 hit in the US. Still Waters would be the band's most successful US release of their post-RSO era.
At the 1997 BRIT Awards held in Earls Court, London on 24 February, the Bee Gees received the award for Outstanding Contribution to Music.[16] On 14 November 1997, the Bee Gees performed a live concert in Las Vegas called One Night Only. The show included a performance of "Our Love (Don't Throw It All Away)" synchronised with a vocal by their deceased brother Andy and a cameo appearance by Celine Dion singing "Immortality". The CD of the performance sold over 5 million copies. The "One Night Only" name grew out of the band's declaration that, due to Barry's health issues, the Las Vegas show was to be the final live performance of their career. After the immensely positive audience response to the Vegas concert, Barry decided to continue despite the pain, and the concert expanded into their last full-blown world tour of "One Night Only" concerts.[17] The tour included playing to 56,000 people at London's Wembley Stadium on 5 September 1998 and concluded in the newly built Olympic Stadium in Sydney, Australia on 27 March 1999 to 72,000 people.[17]
In 1998, the group's soundtrack for Saturday Night Fever was incorporated into a stage production produced first in the West End and then on Broadway. They wrote three new songs for the adaptation. Also in 1998 the brothers recorded Ellan Vannin for Isle of Man charities. Known as the unofficial national anthem of the Isle of Man, the brothers performed the song during their world tour to reflect their pride in the place of their birth.[18]
The Bee Gees closed the decade with what turned out to be their last full-sized concert, known as BG2K, on 31 December 1999.
2000–08: Maurice's death and hiatus[link]
In 2001, the group released what turned out to be their final album of new material as a group, This Is Where I Came In. The album was another success, reaching the Top 10 in the UK (being certified Gold), and the Top 20 in the US. The title track was also a UK Top 20 hit single. The album gave each member of the group a chance to write in his own way, as well as composing songs together. For example, Maurice's compositions and leads are the "Man in the Middle" and "Walking on Air," while Robin contributed "Déjà Vu," "Promise the Earth," and "Embrace," and Barry contributed "Loose Talk Costs Lives," "Technicolour Dreams", and "Voice in the Wilderness". The other songs are collaborative in writing and vocals. They performed many tracks from This Is Where I Came In, plus many of their biggest hits, on the live televised concert series Live by Request, shown on the A&E Network. The last concert of the Bee Gees as a trio was at the Love and Hope Ball in 2002.
Maurice, who had been the musical director of the Bee Gees during their final years as a group, died unexpectedly on 12 January 2003 at the age of 53 from a heart attack, while awaiting emergency surgery to repair a strangulated intestine.[19] Initially, his surviving brothers announced that they intended to carry on the name "Bee Gees" in his memory. But as time passed they decided to retire the group name, leaving it to represent the three brothers together.[20]
The same week that Maurice died, Robin's solo album Magnet was released. On 23 February 2003, the Bee Gees received the Grammy Legend Award. Barry and Robin accepted as well as Maurice's son, Adam, in a tearful ceremony.
Although there was talk of a memorial concert featuring both surviving brothers and invited guests,[21] nothing materialised. Barry and Robin continued to work independently, and both released recordings with other artists, occasionally coming together to perform at special events.
In late 2004, Robin embarked on a solo tour of Germany, Russia and Asia. During January 2005, Barry, Robin and several legendary rock artists recorded "Grief Never Grows Old," the official tsunami relief record for the Disasters Emergency Committee. Later that year, Barry reunited with Barbra Streisand for her top-selling album Guilty Pleasures, released as Guilty Too in the UK as a sequel album to the previous Guilty. Robin continued touring in Europe. Also in 2004, Barry recorded his song "I Cannot Give You My Love" with Cliff Richard, which became a UK top 20 hit single.[22]
In February 2006, Barry and Robin reunited on stage for a Miami charity concert to benefit the Diabetes Research Institute. It was their first public performance together since the death of brother Maurice. Barry and Robin also played at the 30th annual Prince's Trust Concert in the UK on 20 May 2006.
In October 2008, Robin performed a couple of songs in London as part of the BBC Electric Proms Saturday Night Fever performance. This involved various other performers and the BBC Concert Orchestra and was screened on the BBC and BBC interactive services.
2009–12: Return to performing and Robin's death[link]
On 1 September 2009, Barry's 63rd birthday, he, in an interview with Easy Mix radio host Tim Roxborough, mentioned on the subject of future tours that "they will be back"; but in an agreement with Warner/Rhino they would not make an announcement at that time.[23][24] On 7 September 2009, Robin Gibb disclosed to Jonathan Agnew that he had been in touch with Barry Gibb and that they had agreed that the Bee Gees would re-form and "perform again".[25]
Barry and Robin performed on the BBC's Strictly Come Dancing on 31 October 2009[26] and appeared on ABC-TV's Dancing with the Stars on 17 November 2009.[27] On 15 March 2010, Barry and Robin inducted the Swedish group ABBA into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.[28] On 26 May 2010, the two made a surprise appearance on the ninth season finale of American Idol.
In October 2010, Robin Gibb was interviewed by the Daily Mail, and confirmed that the story of the Bee Gees is to be made into a Hollywood movie by Steven Spielberg. The Oscar-winning director believes the group's journey from unknowns in Manchester to worldwide fame will prove box-office gold. Robin told the Daily Mail: "The movie is going to be done by some very important people. It will be our life story. Barry and I will be involved in the technical side". One of the challenges for Spielberg will be replicating the brothers' distinctive three-part harmonies and Barry's falsetto voice. Robin said: "I'd like our original recordings to be used because it's very hard to emulate them."[29]
On 13 February 2012, Robin joined British military trio The Soldiers for the Coming Home charity concert at the London Palladium, in support of injured servicemen. It was his first public appearance for almost five months, and his final.
On 20 November 2011 it was announced that Robin Gibb, at 61 years old, was diagnosed with liver cancer, a condition he became aware of several months earlier. He had become noticeably thinner in previous months and had to cancel several appearances due to issues with severe abdominal pain.[30] On 14 April 2012, it was reported that Gibb had contracted pneumonia[31] in a Chelsea hospital and was in a coma.[32] Gibb came out of his coma on 20 April 2012.[33] He died on 20 May 2012.[34] With Robin's death, Barry became the last surviving Gibb brother.
Songwriting success[link]
The Bee Gees have sold in excess of 200 million records worldwide.[35] At one point in 1978, the Gibb brothers were responsible for writing and/or performing nine of the songs in the Billboard Hot 100.[36] In all, the Gibbs placed 13 singles onto the Hot 100 in 1978, with 12 making the Top 40. The Gibb brothers are fellows of the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA).[37]
At least 2,500 artists have recorded their songs.[38] Their most popular composition is "How Deep Is Your Love", with 400 versions by other artists in existence.[39] Among the artists who have covered their songs are Ardijah, Michael Bolton, Boyzone, Eric Clapton, Billy Corgan, Destiny's Child, Faith No More, Feist, The Flaming Lips, Al Green, Jinusean, Elton John, Tom Jones, Janis Joplin, Lulu, Elvis Presley, Nina Simone, Percy Sledge, Robert Smith, Take That, and John Frusciante (who has covered "How Deep Is Your Love" during Red Hot Chili Peppers concerts). The band's music has also been sampled by dozens of hip hop artists.
Songs written by the Gibbs, but largely better known through versions by other artists, include:
- "Ain't Nothing Gonna Keep Me From You" by Teri DeSario
- "Buried Treasure" by Kenny Rogers (backing vocals The Gatlin Brothers)
- "Chain Reaction" by Diana Ross
- "Come on Over" by Olivia Newton-John
- "Emotion" by Samantha Sang
- "Gilbert Green" by Gerry Marsden
- "Grease" by Frankie Valli
- "Guilty" and "Woman in Love" by Barbra Streisand
- "Heartbreaker" & "All the Love in the World" by Dionne Warwick
- "Hold On to My Love" by Jimmy Ruffin
- "I Will Be There" by Tina Turner
- "If I Can't Have You" by Yvonne Elliman
- "Immortality" by Celine Dion
- "Islands in the Stream" by Kenny Rogers and Dolly Parton
- "Morning of My Life" by Abi and Esther Ofarim
- "Only One Woman" by The Marbles
- "Rest Your Love on Me" by Conway Twitty
- "Sacred Trust" by One True Voice
- "Warm Ride" by Graham Bonnet
The Bee Gees' major non-UK/US breakthrough hit "Spicks and Specks"—a 1966 chart success in Australia (top five) and New Zealand (number one), and in Holland (top five) in 1967—was covered by British rock-pop band Status Quo for their 1968 debut album. And Al Green's 1972 non-single cover of the Bee Gees' massive 1971 North American number one "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart" enjoys a certainly critical and popular following, particularly in the UK.
Awards and recognition[link]
Inductions[link]
- 1979 Hollywood Walk of Fame
- 1994 Songwriters Hall of Fame
- 1995 Florida's Artists Hall of Fame
- 1997 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame
- 1997 ARIA (Australian Recording Industry Association) Hall of Fame
- 2001 Vocal Group Hall of Fame
- 2004 Dance Music Hall of Fame
- 2005 London's Walk of Fame
Grammy Awards[link]
- 1978 Best Pop Vocal Performance By A Group – "How Deep Is Your Love"
- 1979 Best Pop Vocal Performance By A Duo Or Group – "Saturday Night Fever"
- 1979 Best Arrangement Of Voices – "Stayin' Alive"
- 1979 Album Of The Year – "Saturday Night Fever"
- 1979 Producer Of The Year – "Saturday Night Fever"
- 1981 Best Pop Performance By A Duo Or Group With Vocal – "Guilty" (Barry Gibb with Barbra Streisand)
- 2000 Lifetime Achievement Award
- 2003 Legend Award
- 2004 Hall Of Fame Award – "Saturday Night Fever"
World Music Awards[link]
- 1997 Legend Award
American Music Awards[link]
- 1979 Favorite Pop / Rock Band, Duo Or Group
- 1979 Favorite Soul / R&B Album – "Saturday Night Fever"
- 1980 Favorite Pop / Rock Band, Duo Or Group
- 1980 Favorite Pop / Rock Album – "Spirits Having Flown"
- 1997 International Artist Award
BRIT Awards[link]
BMI Awards[link]
- On 15 May 2007, the Bee Gees were named BMI Icons at the 55th annual BMI Pop Awards. Collectively, Barry, Maurice and Robin Gibb have earned 109 BMI Pop, Country and Latin Awards.[40]
Commemorative stamps[link]
In October 1999 the Isle of Man Post Office unveiled a set of 6 stamps honouring their native sons' music. The official launch took place at the London Palladium where the stage show of Saturday Night Fever was playing. A similar launch was held in New York shortly after to coincide with the show opening across the Atlantic. The songs depicted on the stamps are "Massachusetts", "Words", "I've Gotta Get A Message To You", "Night Fever", "Stayin' Alive" and "Immortality".
Civic honours[link]
In 1978, following the success of Saturday Night Fever, and the single "Night Fever" in particular, Reubin Askew, the Governor of the US state of Florida, named the Bee Gees honorary citizens of the state, since they resided in Miami at the time.[41]
All three brothers (including Maurice, posthumously) were appointed Commanders in the Order of the British Empire in December 2001 with the ceremony taking place at Buckingham Palace on 27 May 2004.[42][43]
On 10 July 2009, the Isle of Man's capital bestowed the Freedom of the Borough of Douglas honour on Barry and Robin, as well as posthumously on Maurice.[44] On 20 November 2009, Douglas Borough Council released a limited edition commemorative DVD to mark their naming as Freemen of the Borough.[45]
Discography[link]
Main article: Bee Gees discography
Studio albums[link]
| Year | Title | US Chart |
UK Chart |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1965 | The Bee Gees Sing and Play 14 Barry Gibb Songs | — | — |
| 1966 | Spicks and Specks | — | — |
| 1967 | Bee Gees 1st | 7 | 8 |
| 1968 | Horizontal | 12 | 16 |
| 1968 | Idea | 17 | 4 |
| 1969 | Odessa | 20 | 10 |
| 1970 | Cucumber Castle | 94 | 57 |
| 1970 | 2 Years On | 32 | — |
| 1971 | Trafalgar | 34 | — |
| 1972 | To Whom It May Concern | 35 | — |
| 1973 | Life in a Tin Can | 69 | — |
| 1974 | Mr. Natural | 198 | — |
| 1975 | Main Course | 14 | — |
| 1976 | Children of the World | 8 | — |
| 1979 | Spirits Having Flown | 1 | 1 |
| 1981 | Living Eyes | 41 | 73 |
| 1987 | E·S·P | 96 | 5 |
| 1989 | One | 68 | 29 |
| 1991 | High Civilization | — | 24 |
| 1993 | Size Isn't Everything | 153 | 23 |
| 1997 | Still Waters | 11 | 2 |
| 2001 | This Is Where I Came In | 16 | 6 |
Live albums[link]
| Year | Title | US Chart |
UK Chart |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1977 | Here at Last... Bee Gees... Live | 8 | — |
| 1998 | One Night Only | 72 | 4 |
Soundtrack releases[link]
| Year | Title | US Chart |
UK Chart |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1977 | Saturday Night Fever | 1 | 1 |
| 1978 | Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band | 5 | 38 |
| 1983 | Staying Alive | 6 | 14 |
Catalogue reissue[link]
The Gibbs recently gained ownership rights to their back catalogue, and set up a new distribution arrangement with Warner/Rhino/Reprise Records where they have since reissued digitally remastered versions of Saturday Night Fever, their later Bee Gees Greatest album, and a new boxed set: The Studio Albums: 1967–1968.
Additionally, more recent titles such as Still Waters and This Is Where I Came In were among the first batch of re-releases. The band's three Warner Bros. releases, E. S. P., One and High Civilisation were also made available on iTunes for the first time since the albums went out of print in North America in the mid-90s.
According to Robin Gibb's website, three more reissues were planned for the 2008 holiday season: Best of Bee Gees, Best of Bee Gees, Volume 2 and Love Songs. The double album Odessa was released on 13 January 2009 in a special 3-disc deluxe edition complete with the original red velvet cover with remastered stereo and mono versions of the album as well as alternate versions and unreleased tracks.
Since the remastered release of Odessa, Rhino has stopped reissuing original Bee Gees albums and there has not been any announcement as to when the remaining albums will be remastered.
Limited edition[link]
Ellan Vannin was recorded in 1997 as a 1,000 quantity limited edition single for Isle of Man charities. The song was featured in the Bee Gees World Tour and on ITV's "An Evening With ..." but to date has not been released generally. The single was subsequently also available as part of the 1999 Bee Gees Stamp issue.
50th anniversary collections[link]
In conjunction with the 50th anniversary of the Bee Gees (when they started calling themselves "Bee Gees" in 1959), Rhino Records have released two new collections. Mythology is a four-disc collection highlighting each brother, including Andy, with tracks personally selected by Barry, Robin, Maurice's wife Yvonne (with his children Adam and Samantha), and Andy's daughter Peta. Maurice's disc contains two unreleased tracks called "Angel Of Mercy" and "The Bridge". Andy's disc contains the unreleased track "Arrow Through The Heart". Mythology also features a scrapbook of family photos, many never-before published, along with tributes from artists such as George Martin, Brian Wilson, Elton John, Graham Nash and the band's longtime manager Robert Stigwood.
The second collection, The Ultimate Bee Gees, is a more modest two-disc 40-track collection highlighting their biggest hits and includes a bonus DVD of unreleased videos, previously unreleased television appearances, live performances, and promo videos. Each disc is themed, with the first disc being the more upbeat songs called "A Night Out" and the second disc being more ballad-focused called "A Night In".[46]
Band instrumentalists[link]
Barry Gibb played rhythm guitar.
During the early 1970s, Robin Gibb played piano and violin occasionally, but most of the time he only sang. Although he kept on playing strings and keyboards privately, he had not played any instrument on stage since mid-'70s.
Maurice Gibb played bass guitar, rhythm and lead guitar, piano, organ, harpsichord, electric piano, mellotron, and electronic keyboards, synthesisers and drum tracks. From 1966 to 1972 he played multiple instruments on many records. During the late 1970s he played mainly bass guitar. From about 1986 onward he usually played keyboards and guitars. Maurice was credited by the brothers as being the most technologically savvy member of the band, and had built his own home studio. The bootleg CD ESP Demos allegedly includes rough versions of tracks from the album of the same name that were recorded at that studio.[citation needed]
These musicians were considered members of the band:[citation needed]
- Colin Petersen – drums (1967–1969)
- Vince Melouney – lead guitar (1967–1968)
- Geoff Bridgford – drums (1969–1972)
- Alan Kendall – lead guitar (1971–1980, 1987–2001)
- Dennis Bryon – drums (1974–1980)
- Blue Weaver – keyboards (1975–1980)
Filmography[link]
- 1969: Cucumber Castle
- 1978: Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band
- 1979: The Bee Gees Special
- 1990: One For All Tour
- 1997: Keppel Road
- 1998: One Night Only
- 2001: This Is Where I Came In
- 2002: Live By Request
- 2010: In Our Own Time
References[link]
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- ^ Walker, Tim (12 May 2008). "Jive talkin': Why Robin Gibb wants more respect for the Bee Gees". The Independent (London). http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/music/features/jive-talkin-why-robin-gibb-wants-more-respect-for-the-bee-gees-826116.html. Retrieved 26 October 2008.
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- ^ "The Beach Boys". Reason to Rock. http://www.reasontorock.com/artists/beach_boys.html. Retrieved 25 October 2010.
- ^ Sean Michaels (8 September 2009). "Bee Gees to re-form for live comeback". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2009/sep/08/bee-gees-re-form. Retrieved 26 September 2009.
- ^ "Robin Gibb, Bee Gees Co-Founder, Dead at 62". 20 May 2012. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/robin-gibb-bee-gees-co-founder-dead-at-62-20120520.
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- ^ a b c d e Sam Kashner, "Fever Pitch," Movies Rock (Supplement to The New Yorker), Fall 2007, unnumbered page.
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- ^ "Official Charts Company – Cliff Richard". Theofficialcharts.com. http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/cliff%20richard/. Retrieved 21 May 2012.
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- ^ Tim Roxborough (1 September 2009). "Memories of touring NZ, working with Robin again". Easy Mix. http://www.easymix.co.nz/content/1927/EMB%20BG%20-%20NZ,%20ROBIN%20AGAIN.mp3. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
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- ^ Robertson, Peter (17 October 2010). "The Story of The Bee Gees coming to Hollywood". Daily Mail (UK). http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-1321253/From-ET-Bee-Gees-Steven-Spielberg-turn-Gibb-life-story-movie.html?ito=feeds-newsxml#ixzz12bGPmgjG. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
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External links[link]
 |
Book: Bee Gees |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bee Gees |
- Bee Gees – official website
- Barry Gibb – official website
- Robin Gibb – official website
- Bee Gees at Rolling Stone
- Bee Gees at Allmusic
- Bee Gees' Vocal Group Hall of Fame webpage
- Bee Gees at bmi.com
- Robin Gibb sadly passes away after losing his battle with cancer
- Bee Gees interviewed on the Pop Chronicles (1969).
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Jury Chechi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Jury Chechi in 2012 |
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| Personal information | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Full name | Jury Dimitri Chechi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nickname(s) | Lord of Rings [1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Country represented |  Italy |
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| Born | (1969-10-11) 11 October 1969 (age 42) Prato, Italy |
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| Height | 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weight | 60 kg (130 lb) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discipline | Men's artistic gymnastics | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level | Senior | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retired | 2004 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Medal record
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Jury Dimitri Chechi Commendatore OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [ˈjuri ˈkeki]; born 11 October 1969) is a retired Italian gymnast.
Contents |
Biography[link]
Born in Prato (Tuscany), he won the Olympics title in the rings at Atlanta 1996 and was third at Athens 2004. Chechi's bronze was the result of his attempted comeback into the sport at the age of 35, well above what is considered the average age of a male gymnast.
Jury Chechi dominated his specialty, the rings, during the nineties, so he was named "The Lord of the Rings", however he could not participate in the Barcelona 1992 and Sydney 2000 Olympic games due to serious injuries. He has won five gold and two bronze medals at the World Gymnastics Championships and four gold and two bronze medals at the European Championships.
Chechi was the Italian flagbearer at the opening ceremony in the Athens Games in 2004. He also participated in the 2006 Winter Olympics opening ceremony in Turin.
Jury sparked some controversy at the 2004 Athens Olympic games when he shook the hand of Silver medalist in the rings final, Yordan Yovchev and signaled that he should have won the gold medal, not Dimosthenis Tampakos (meaning that he won only because he was the local champion).
Honours of merit[link]
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3rd Class / Commander: Commendatore Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana
— 27 September 2004. Initiative by President of the Italian Republic Carlo Azeglio Ciampi.[2]
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ "A Obiettivo Londra il “Signore degli Anelli“ Yuri Chechi" (in italian). sky.it. http://m.sky.it/m/sky_mobile/contents/sport/olimpiadi/londra_2012/2011/12/21/obiettivo_londra_2012_ospite_yuri_chechi_antonio_rossi_social_games. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
- ^ Commendatore Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana Sig. Jury CHECHI
External links[link]
- Jury Chechi at Sports-Reference.com
- Jury Chechi at Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique
- (Italian) Jury Chechi official website
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| Persondata | |
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| Name | Chechi, Jury |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Gymnast; rings gold at 1996 Olympics |
| Date of birth | 1969-10-11 |
| Place of birth | Prato, Italy |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Jury_Chechi
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Кеки, Юрий
http://fr.wn.com/Jury Chechi
http://pt.wn.com/Jury Chechi
http://de.wn.com/Jury Chechi
http://it.wn.com/Jury Chechi
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jury_Chechi
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Winona Ryder | |
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 Winona Ryder in 2010 |
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| Born | Winona Laura Horowitz (1971-10-29) October 29, 1971 (age 40) Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States |
| Occupation | Actress, producer |
| Years active | 1985–present |
Winona Ryder (born Winona Laura Horowitz; October 29, 1971) is an American actress. She made her film debut in the 1986 film Lucas. Ryder's first significant role came in Tim Burton's Beetlejuice (1988) as Lydia Deetz, a goth teenager, which won her critical and commercial recognition. After various appearances in film and television, Ryder continued her career with the cult film Heathers (1989), a controversial satire of teenage suicide and high school life, which drew Ryder further critical and commercial attention.
Having played diverse roles in many well-received films, Ryder won a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and an Academy Award nomination in the same category for her role in The Age of Innocence in 1993, as well as another Academy Award nomination for Little Women the following year for Best Actress. In 2000, Ryder received a star on the Walk of Fame in Hollywood, California.[1]
Ryder's personal life has been widely reported by the media.[2] Her relationship with actor Johnny Depp in the early 1990s was highly publicized and received much scrutiny by the media and tabloid press. A much talked-about 2001 shoplifting incident led to a four-year hiatus from acting.[3] She has also revealed her personal struggle with anxiety and depression, briefly checking into a clinic.[4]
In 2006, Ryder returned to the screen, later appearing in high-profile films such as Star Trek and Black Swan. In 2010, she was nominated for two Screen Actors Guild Awards, as the lead actress of When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story, and as part of the cast of Black Swan.[5]
Contents |
Early life and education[link]
Named after the nearby city of Winona, Winona Laura Horowitz was born in Olmsted County, Minnesota. She was given her middle name, Laura, because of her parents' friendship with writer Aldous Huxley's wife, Laura Huxley.[6] Her stage name derives from Mitch Ryder, a soul and rock singer her father happened to be listening to when her agent called and asked how she wanted to appear on the credits of her first film.[7]
Her mother, Cynthia Palmer (maiden name Istas) is an author, video producer, and editor.[6] Her father, Michael Horowitz, is an author, editor, publisher, and antiquarian bookseller.[6][8][9] He also worked as an archivist for psychedelic guru Dr. Timothy Leary (who was Ryder's godfather). Ryder's father is Jewish, and she has described herself as Jewish.[10] Her paternal grandparents were immigrants from Russia and Romania; many of her father's family perished in the Holocaust.[7][10] Her father's family was originally named "Tomchin" but took the surname "Horowitz" when they immigrated to America.[7]
Ryder's father was an atheist and her mother a Buddhist; they encouraged their children to take the best part of other religions to make their own belief systems. Ryder has stated "I still practice Buddhism to a certain extent and I believe in karma."[11]
Ryder has one full sibling, a younger brother, Uri (named in honor of the first Soviet cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin),[12] and two half siblings from her mother's prior marriage: an older half-brother, Jubal Palmer; and an older half-sister, Sunyata Palmer.[13] Ryder's family friends included her godfather, LSD guru Timothy Leary, as well as the Beat Movement poets Allen Ginsberg and Lawrence Ferlinghetti, and the science fiction novelist Philip K. Dick.[6]
In 1978, when Ryder was seven years old, she and her family relocated to Rainbow, a commune near Elk, Mendocino County, California, where they lived with seven other families on a 300-acre (120 ha) plot of land. As the remote property had no electricity or television sets, Ryder began to devote her time to reading, and became an avid fan of J. D. Salinger's The Catcher in the Rye.[6][14] She developed an interest in acting after her mother showed her a few movies on a screen in the family barn. At age 10, Ryder and her family moved on again, this time to Petaluma, California. During her first week at the Kenilworth Junior High, she was bullied by a group of her peers who mistook her for an effeminate, scrawny boy.[6] As a result, she ended up being homeschooled that year. In 1983, when Ryder was 12, she enrolled at the American Conservatory Theater in nearby San Francisco, where she took her first acting lessons. Ryder graduated from Petaluma High School with a 4.0 GPA in 1989.[15] She suffers from aquaphobia because of a traumatic near-drowning at age 12.[6] This caused problems with the underwater scenes in Alien Resurrection (1997), some of which had to be reshot numerous times.[6]
Career[link]
Early works, 1985–1990[link]
In 1985, Ryder sent a videotaped audition, where she recited a monologue from the novel Franny and Zooey by J. D. Salinger, to appear in the film Desert Bloom. Although the part went to Annabeth Gish,[6][14] writer/director David Seltzer noticed her talent and cast her in his 1986 film Lucas, about a boy called Lucas (Corey Haim) and his life at high school. Shot in the summer of 1985[16], the film co-starred Charlie Sheen and Kerri Green with Winona playing Rina, one of Lucas’s friends at school. When asked how she wanted her name to appear in the credits, she suggested "Ryder" as her surname because a Mitch Ryder album that belonged to her father was playing in the background.[14]
Her next movie was Square Dance (1987), where her teenage character creates a bridge between two different worlds – a traditional farm in the middle of nowhere and a large city. Ryder won acclaim for her role, and The Los Angeles Times called her performance in Square Dance "a remarkable debut."[17] Both films, however, failed to gain Ryder any notice, and were only marginally successful commercially. Director Tim Burton decided to cast Ryder in his film Beetlejuice (1988), after being impressed with her performance in Lucas.[18] In the film, she plays goth teenager Lydia Deetz. Lydia's family moves to a haunted house populated by ghosts played by Geena Davis, Alec Baldwin, and Michael Keaton. Lydia quickly finds herself the only human with a strong empathy toward the ghosts and their situation. The film was a success at the box office, and Ryder's performance and the overall film received mostly positive reviews from critics.[19]
Ryder landed the role of Veronica Sawyer in the 1988 independent film Heathers. The film, a satirical take on teenage life, revolves around Veronica, who is ultimately forced to choose between the will of society and her own heart after her boyfriend, played by Christian Slater, begins killing off popular high school students. Ryder's agent initially begged her to turn the role down, saying the film would "ruin her career."[6] Reaction to the film was mostly lukewarm,[20] but Ryder's performance was critically embraced, with The Washington Post stating Ryder is "Hollywood's most impressive inge'nue [sic] ... Ryder ... makes us love her teen-age murderess, a bright, funny girl with a little Bonnie Parker in her. She is the most likable, best-drawn young adult protagonist since the sexual innocent of Gregory's Girl."[21] The film was a box office flop, yet achieved status as a predominant cult film.[22] Later that year, she starred in Great Balls of Fire!, playing the 13-year-old bride (and cousin) of Jerry Lee Lewis. The film was a box office failure and received divided reviews from critics.[23] In April 1989, she played the title role in the music video for Mojo Nixon's "Debbie Gibson Is Pregnant with My Two-Headed Love Child".[24]
In 1990, Ryder was selected for four film roles. She played the leading female role alongside her then-boyfriend Johnny Depp in the fantasy film Edward Scissorhands. The film reunited Tim Burton and Ryder, who had previously worked together on Beetlejuice in 1988. Edward Scissorhands was a significant box office success, grossing US$56 million at the United States box office and receiving much critical devotion.[25][26] Later that year, she withdrew from the role of Mary Corleone in Francis Ford Coppola's The Godfather Part III (after traveling to Rome for filming) due to exhaustion.[27] Eventually, Coppola's daughter Sofia Coppola was cast in the role. Ryder's third role was in the family comedy-drama Mermaids (1990), which co-starred Cher and Christina Ricci. Mermaids was a moderate box office success and was embraced critically. Ryder's performance was acclaimed; critic Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times wrote: "Winona Ryder, in another of her alienated outsider roles, generates real charisma."[28] For her performance, Ryder received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress in a Supporting Role.[29] Ryder then performed alongside Cher and Christina Ricci in the video for "The Shoop Shoop Song", the theme from Mermaids.[30]
Following Mermaids she had the lead role in Welcome Home, Roxy Carmichael, a film about an adopted child Dinky Bossetti played by Ryder. The film co-starred Jeff Daniels and was deemed a flop due to its poor showing at the box office.
1991–1995[link]
In 1991, Ryder played a young taxicab driver who dreams of becoming a mechanic in Jim Jarmusch's Night on Earth. The film was given only a limited release at the box office, but received critical praise.[31] Ryder then starred in the dual roles of Count Dracula's reincarnated love interest Mina Murray and Dracula's past lover Princess Elisabeta, in Dracula (1992), a project she brought to director Francis Ford Coppola's attention.[6] In 1993, she starred in the melodrama The House of the Spirits, based on Isabel Allende's novel. Ryder played the love interest of Antonio Banderas' character. Principal filming was done in Denmark and Portugal. The film was poorly reviewed and a box office flop, grossing just $6 million on its $40 million budget.[32]
Ryder starred in The Age of Innocence with Michelle Pfeiffer and Daniel Day-Lewis, a film based on a novel by Edith Wharton and helmed by director Martin Scorsese, whom Ryder considers "the best director in the world."[33] In the film, Ryder plays May Welland the fiancée of Newland Archer (Day-Lewis). The film, based in the 1870s, was principally filmed in New York and Paris. Her role in this movie won her a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress[29] as well as an Academy Award nomination in the same category.[34] Although not a commercial success, it received critical praise. Vincent Canby in the New York Times wrote; ‘Ms Ryder is wonderful as this sweet young thing who's hard as nails, as much out of ignorance as of self-interest.’[35]
Ryder's next role was in the Generation X drama Reality Bites (1994), directed by Ben Stiller, where she played a young woman searching for direction in her life. Her performance received acclaim and the studio hoped the film would gross a substantial amount of money, yet it did not make as much money as expected.[36] Bruce Feldman, Universal Pictures' Vice-President of Marketing said: "The media labeled it as a Generation X picture, while we thought it was a comedy with broad appeal."[36] The studio placed TV ads during programs chosen for their appeal to 12 to 34-year-olds and in interviews Stiller was careful not to mention the phrase "Generation X."[36]
In 1994, Ryder was handpicked to play the lead role of Josephine March in Little Women, an adaptation of Louisa May Alcott's novel. The film received widespread praise; critic Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote that the film was the greatest adaptation of the novel, and remarked on Ryder's performance: "Ms. Ryder, whose banner year also includes a fine comic performance in 'Reality Bites,' plays Jo with spark and confidence. Her spirited presence gives the film an appealing linchpin, and she plays the self-proclaimed 'man of the family' with just the right staunchness."[37] She received a Best Actress Oscar nomination the following year.[34]
She made a guest appearance in The Simpsons episode "Lisa's Rival" as Allison Taylor, whose intelligence and over-achieving personality makes her a rival of Lisa's. Her next starring role was in How to Make an American Quilt (1995), an adaptation of the novel of the same name by Whitney Otto, co-starring Anne Bancroft. Ryder plays a college graduate who spends her summer hiatus at her grandmother's property to ponder her boyfriend's recent marriage proposal. The film was not a commercial success, nor was it popular with critics.[38][39]
1996–2000[link]
Ryder made several film appearances in 1996, the first in Boys. The film failed to become a box office success and attracted mostly negative critical reaction. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times stated that "Boys is a low-rent, dumbed-down version of Before Sunrise, with a rent-a-plot substituting for clever dialogue."[40] Her next role was in Looking for Richard, Al Pacino's documentary on a production of Shakespeare's Richard III, which grossed only $1 million at the box office, but drew moderate critical acclaim.[41][42] She starred in The Crucible with Daniel Day-Lewis and Joan Allen. The film, an adaptation of Arthur Miller's play, centered on the Salem witch trials. The film was expected to be a success, considering its budget, but became a large failure.[43] Despite this, it received acclaim critically, and Ryder's performance was lauded, with Peter Travers of Rolling Stone saying, "Ryder offers a transfixing portrait of warped innocence."[44]
In December 1996, Ryder accepted a role as an android in Alien Resurrection (1997), alongside Sigourney Weaver, who had appeared in the entire Alien trilogy. Ryder's brother, Yuri, was a major fan of the film series, and when asked, she took the role. The film became one of the least successful entries in the Alien film series, but was considered a success as it grossed $161 million worldwide.[45] Weaver's and Ryder's performances drew mostly positive reviews, and Ryder won a Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Best Actress. Ryder then starred in Woody Allen's Celebrity (1998), after Drew Barrymore turned down Ryder's role, in an ensemble cast.[6] The film satirizes the lives of several celebrities.
In 1999, she performed in and served as an executive producer for Girl, Interrupted, based on the 1993 autobiography of Susanna Kaysen. The film had been in project and post-production since late 1996, but it took time to surface. Ryder was deeply attached to the film, considering it her "child of the heart."[6] Ryder starred as Kaysen, who has borderline personality disorder and was admitted to a psychiatric hospital for recovery. Ryder starred alongside Whoopi Goldberg and Angelina Jolie. While Ryder was expected to make her comeback with her leading role, the film instead became the "welcome-to-Hollywood coronation" for Jolie,[46] who won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance. Jolie thanked Ryder in her acceptance speech.[47] The same year, Ryder was parodied in South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut.
The following year, she starred in the romantic comedy Autumn in New York, alongside Richard Gere. The film revolves around a relationship between an older man (Gere) and a younger woman (Ryder). Autumn in New York received mixed reviews, but was a commercial success, grossing $90 million at the worldwide box office.[48][49] Ryder then played a nun of a secret society loosely connected to the Roman Catholic Church and determined to prevent Armageddon in Lost Souls (2000), which was a commercial failure. Ryder refused to do commercial promotion for the film.[6] Later in 2000, she was one of several celebrities who made a small cameo appearance in Zoolander. On October 6, 2000, Ryder received her own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, located directly in front of the Johnny Grant building next to the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel on Hollywood Boulevard. She was the 2,165th recipient of this honor.[1]
Hiatus, 2001–2005[link]
Ryder had a hiatus after her shoplifting incident in 2001 (see below). The book Conversations with Woody Allen reports that in 2003 film director Woody Allen wanted to cast Robert Downey, Jr. and Ryder in his film Melinda and Melinda, but was unable to do so because "I couldn't get insurance on them ... We couldn't get bonded. The completion bonding companies would not bond the picture unless we could insure them. [...] We were heartbroken because I had worked with Winona before [on Celebrity] and thought she was perfect for this and wanted to work with her again."[50][51]
In 2002, Ryder appeared in two movies, filmed before her arrest. The first was a romantic comedy titled Mr. Deeds with Adam Sandler. This was her most commercially successful movie to date, earning over $126 million in the United States alone.[52] The film was not a critical success, however; film critic Philip French described it as a terrible film, saying that "remakes are often bad, but this one was particularly bad."[53] The second film was the science fiction drama S1m0ne in which she portrayed a glamorous star who is replaced by a computer simulated actress due to the clandestine machinations of a director, portrayed by her Looking for Richard costar Al Pacino. In July 2003, she was number 183 on VH1's and People Magazine's "200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons" countdown list.[54]
2006–present[link]
In 2006, following her hiatus, Ryder appeared in Richard Linklater's A Scanner Darkly, a film based on Philip K. Dick's well-received science fiction novel of the same name. Ryder starred alongside Keanu Reeves, Robert Downey, Jr., and Woody Harrelson. Live action scenes were transformed with rotoscope software and the film was entirely animated. A Scanner Darkly was screened at the 2006 Cannes Film Festival and the 2006 Seattle International Film Festival. Critics disagreed over the film's merits; Carina Chocano of the Los Angeles Times found the film "engrossing" and wrote that "the brilliance of [the film] is how it suggests, without bombast or fanfare, the ways in which the real world has come to resemble the dark world of comic books."[55] Matthew Turner of View London, believing the film to be "engaging" and "beautifully animated," praised the film for its "superb performances" and original, thought-provoking screenplay."[56] Ryder appeared in the comedy The Darwin Awards with Joseph Fiennes. The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival on January 25, 2006.[57]
Ryder reunited with Heathers screenwriter Daniel Waters for the surreal black comedy Sex and Death 101 (2007).[58] The story follows the sexual odysseys of successful businessman Roderick Blank, played by Simon Baker, who receives a mysterious e-mail on the eve of his wedding, listing all of his past and future sex partners. "We will be doing a sequel to Heathers next." Ryder stated. "There's Heathers in the real world! We have to keep going!"[58] In a more recent interview Ryder was quoted as saying on the speculation of a Heathers sequel: "I don't know how much of the movie is official; it's a ways away. But it takes place in Washington and Christian Slater agreed to come back and make an Obi-Wan-type appearance. It's very funny."[59]
Ryder appeared in David Wain's comedy The Ten. The film centers around ten stories, each inspired by one of the Ten Commandments. The film debuted at the 2007 Sundance Film Festival on January 10, 2007,[60] with a theatrical release on August 3, 2007. Ryder played the female lead opposite Wes Bentley and Ray Romano in Geoffrey Haley's 2008 offbeat romantic drama The Last Word.[61] In 2009, she starred as a newscaster in the movie version of The Informers.[62]
Ryder appeared in a cameo role for director J. J. Abrams's Star Trek, as Spock's human mother Amanda Grayson, a role originally played by Jane Wyatt.[63] Several media outlets have noted her return to the box office and upcoming roles as a remarkable comeback.[64][53] She starred alongside Robin Wright and Julianne Moore in Rebecca Miller's The Private Lives of Pippa Lee, released on February 9, 2009 at the 59th Berlin International Film Festival, with a limited US release scheduled for November 2009. On June 2, 2009, Entertainment Weekly reported that in an interview with Ryder in Empire magazine, she revealed that she and Christian Slater will reprise their roles in a sequel to Heathers.[65] In 2010, Ryder plays Beth McIntyre, an aging ballet star in Darren Aronofsky's Black Swan.[66] She also was cast in an independent film, Stay Cool, alongside Hilary Duff, Mark Polish and Chevy Chase. The same year, she also starred as Lois Wilson in the TV movie, When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story for which she has received leading female Screen Actors Guild Award and Satellite Award nominations.[67]
Ryder appeared in a leading role in the Ron Howard-directed film, The Dilemma, previously called Cheaters and What You Don't Know. The film, which also starred Vince Vaughn and Kevin James, began filming in Chicago in May 2010 and was released in January 2011.[68] It was recently announced that she will be reunited with Tim Burton for a role in his upcoming animated 3D feature film Frankenweenie. It was scheduled for a March 9, 2012 release date.[69]
On September 18–24, 2011, Winona Ryder served as guest Prime Time host on Turner Classic Movies for the then-vacationing Robert Osborne.[citation needed] She was recently cast as the wife of serial killer, Richard Kuklinski in the upcoming thriller, The Iceman.[70] Ryder will also appear in The Letter (previously known as The Stare), in a leading role alongside James Franco. The psychological thriller is expected to be released later in 2012.
Personal life[link]
Relationships[link]
Ryder was engaged to actor Johnny Depp for three years beginning in July 1990. She met Depp at the Great Balls of Fire! premiere in June 1989; two months later they began dating.[71] During their relationship, Depp had a tattoo placed on his arm reading "Winona Forever", which he had altered to "Wino Forever" after their separation.[72] She later had a two-year relationship with actor Matt Damon.[73]
Polly Klaas[link]
Main article: Murder of Polly Klaas
In 1993, Ryder offered a reward in the hope that it would lead to the return of kidnapped child Polly Klaas.[74] Klaas lived in Petaluma, the same town where Ryder grew up. Ryder offered a $200,000 reward for the 12-year-old kidnap victim's safe return.[75] After the girl's death, Ryder starred in the 1994 film adaptation of Little Women by Louisa May Alcott and dedicated it to her memory. Little Women was one of Klaas's favorite novels.[76] During a sentencing hearing related to the 2001 shoplifting incident (see below), Ryder's attorney, Mark Geragos, referred to her work with the Polly Klaas Foundation and other charitable causes. In response, Deputy District Attorney Ann Rundle said: "What's offensive to me is to trot out the body of a dead child."[77] Ryder was visibly upset at the accusation and Rundle was admonished by the judge. Outside the courthouse, Polly's father Marc Klaas defended Ryder and expressed outrage at the prosecutor's comments.[77][78]
2001 arrest[link]
On December 12, 2001, Ryder was arrested on shoplifting charges in Beverly Hills, California. She was accused of stealing $5,500 worth of designer clothes and accessories at a Saks Fifth Avenue department store.[3][79][80] Los Angeles District Attorney Stephen Cooley produced a team of eight prosecutors. Cooley filed four felony charges against her.[81] Ryder hired noted celebrity defense attorney Mark Geragos. Negotiations for a plea bargain failed at the end of summer 2002.[82] As noted by Joel Mowbray from National Review, the prosecution was not ready to offer the actress what was given to 5,000 other defendants in similar cases, an open door to a no-contest plea on misdemeanor charges.[83] Ryder agreed under signature to pay two Civil Demands, as permitted under California's Statute for Civil Recovery for Shoplifting, from Saks Fifth Avenue that completely reimbursed Saks Fifth Avenue for the stolen and surrendered merchandise while detained in the Security Offices of the Saks Fifth Avenue store, and before she was read her Miranda rights and arrested by the Los Angeles Police Department.[84]
During the trial she was accused of using drugs, including oxycodone, valium and vicodin, without valid prescriptions. Ryder was convicted of grand theft,[85] shoplifting, and vandalism, but was acquitted on the third felony charge, burglary.[86] In December 2002, she was sentenced to three years' probation, 480 hours of community service, $3,700 in fines, $6,355 in restitution to the Saks Fifth Avenue store, and ordered to attend psychological and drug counseling.[87] After reviewing Ryder's probation report, Superior Court Judge Elden Fox noted that Ryder served 480 hours of community service and on June 18, 2004, the felonies were reduced to misdemeanors. Ryder remained on probation until December 2005.[88][89]
Filmography[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1986 | Lucas | Rina | |
| 1987 | Square Dance | Gemma Dillard | |
| 1988 | Beetlejuice | Lydia Deetz | |
| 1969 | Beth Karr | ||
| Heathers | Veronica Sawyer | Nominated—Independent Spirit Award for Best Female Lead Nominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress |
|
| 1989 | Great Balls of Fire! | Myra Gale Lewis | Young Artist Award for Best Young Artist Starring in a Motion Picture |
| 1990 | Welcome Home, Roxy Carmichael | Dinky Bossetti | |
| Edward Scissorhands | Kim Boggs | Santi Jordi Award for Best Foreign Actress Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress |
|
| Mermaids | Charlotte Flax | National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture |
|
| 1991 | Night on Earth | Corky (taxi driver) | |
| 1992 | Dracula | Wilhelmina "Mina" Murray/Elisabeta | Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Actress Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss |
| 1993 | The Age of Innocence | May Welland | Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress Southeastern Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress Nominated—Academy Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role Nominated—BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role] Nominated—Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress |
| The House of the Spirits | Blanca Trueba | ||
| 1994 | Reality Bites | Lelaina Pierce | Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss |
| Little Women | Josephine "Jo" March | Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress Nominated—Academy Award for Best Actress Nominated—Chlotrudis Award for Best Actress |
|
| 1995 | How to Make an American Quilt | Finn Dodd | Nominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Nominated—MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss |
| 1996 | Boys | Patty Vare | |
| Looking for Richard | Lady Anne | Documentary film | |
| The Crucible | Abigail Williams | ||
| 1997 | Alien Resurrection | Annalee Call | Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Supporting Actress — Sci-Fi Nominated—Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress |
| 1998 | Celebrity | Nola | |
| 1999 | Girl, Interrupted | Susanna Kaysen | Also executive producer Nominated—Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actress - Drama |
| 2000 | Autumn in New York | Charlotte Fielding | Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (with Richard Gere) |
| Lost Souls | Maya Larkin | ||
| 2001 | Zoolander | Herself | Uncredited cameo |
| 2002 | Mr. Deeds | Babe Bennett/Pam Dawson | Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Film - Choice Actress, Comedy Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Actress |
| S1m0ne | Nicola Anders | ||
| 2003 | The Day My God Died | Narrator | Voice, producer, documentary film |
| 2004 | The Heart Is Deceitful Above All Things | Psychologist | Uncredited |
| 2006 | The Darwin Awards | Siri | |
| A Scanner Darkly | Donna Hawthorne | ||
| 2007 | The Ten | Kelly LaFonda | |
| Sex and Death 101 | Gillian De Raisx/Death Nell | ||
| Welcome[90] | Cynthia | Short film | |
| 2008 | The Last Word | Charlotte Morris | |
| 2009 | Water Pills | Carrie | Short film |
| The Informers | Cheryl Laine | ||
| The Private Lives of Pippa Lee | Sandra | ||
| Stay Cool | Scarlet Smith | ||
| Star Trek | Amanda Grayson | Cameo Appearance Scream Award for Best Cameo |
|
| 2010 | When Love Is Not Enough: The Lois Wilson Story | Lois Wilson | TV film Nominated—Satellite Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film Nominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie |
| Black Swan | Beth MacIntyre | Nominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture | |
| 2011 | The Dilemma | Geneva Backman | |
| 2012 | Frankenweenie | Elsa Van Helsing | Voice Role |
| The Stare[91] | Martine | Post-production | |
| 2013 | The Iceman | Deborah Kuklinski | Filming |
Television series[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1994 | The Simpsons | Allison Taylor | Episode: "Lisa's Rival" |
| 1996 | Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist | Hayley Christie | Episode: "Monte Carlo" |
| 1998 | The Larry Sanders Show | Herself | Episode: "Another List" |
| 2000 | Strangers with Candy | Fran | Episode: "The Last Temptation of Blank" |
| 2001 | Friends | Melissa Warburton | Episode: "The One with Rachel's Big Kiss" |
References[link]
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- ^ a b "Actress Winona Ryder arrested". BBC News. December 14, 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/showbiz/1710311.stm.
- ^ Bonin, Liane (December 15, 1999). "Ryder in the Storm". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,84864,00.html. Retrieved April 9, 2011.
- ^ "The 17th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards". Screen Actors Guild. http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/17th-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards. Retrieved April 9, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Goodall, Nigel (December 1998). Winona Ryder: The Biography. London: Blake Pub. ISBN 1-85782-214-5.
- ^ a b c Winona Ryder Articles, Interviewed: Articles from The Hollywood Reporter and Harpers And Queen Magazine, March 1997
- ^ Ivor Davis. "The Real Winona Ryder". JVibe. Archived from the original on November 1, 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20061101051004/http://www.jvibe.com/popculture/winona.shtml.
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- ^ a b "Winona Ryder claims Mel Gibson called her an 'oven-dodger'". The Daily Telegraph (London). December 17, 2010. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/celebritynews/8208174/Winona-Ryder-claims-Mel-Gibson-called-her-an-oven-dodger.html. Retrieved April 24, 2011.
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External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Winona Ryder |
- Winona Ryder at the Internet Movie Database
- Winona Ryder at Yahoo! Movies
- Winona Ryder at TV.com
- Winona Ryder at AllRovi
- Winona Ryder at Memory Alpha (a Star Trek wiki)
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Horowitz, Winona Laura |
| Alternative names | Winona Ryder |
| Short description | American actress |
| Date of birth | 1971-10-29 |
| Place of birth | Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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