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[Instrumental]
They can't keep a good man down (yeah)
All these people smile, but they won't me to frown
Gettin' by when I shot 'em nine rounds
They will never ever take my crown (let's get to the song)
Thinkin they know, but no man will touch
Things gettin' better when I thought it would get worse
Here comes an officer who askin' for a search
Found a weapon it's up to me to clap first
I know y'all niggaz is second guessin' the state I'm in
Bitch, I'm in to makin' hit records that spin like rims
So when "Flex" get it, he bomb it once, shit bomb it twice
New York city pop your thoughts, turn off your lights
And "50" you have it, cause when Rule' spit to the masses
I got yo attention like J-Lo's ass
I know y'all niggaz is second guessin' the state I'm in
Bitch, I'm in to makin' hit records that spin like rims
So when "Flex" get it, he bomb it once, shit bomb it twice
New York city pop your thoughts, turn off your lights
And "50" you have it, cause when Rule' spit to the massed
I got yo attention like J-Lo's ass
And if it's pussy we talkin' I come to smash em'
Personal foul like cole, when I sexual harass em'
Cause bitches want you beat it with passion
Niggaz want to you to clip up and clap em'
And hide the body like nuthin' happened
Niggaz need to get they money and stick to rappin'
Or end up like one of the Jackson's beware of your actions
Cause you don't wanna meet that desert e'
With that hair pin trigger so easy to squeeze
And no matter how you cut me I'm always chesse
Like "Black" said, It's a hundred and 87 degrees muthafucka"
You know they can't keep a real nigga down (no)
Not what they niggaz can even wash up it's federal
Comin and puttin snicthes on a pedestal, glorify
Had to put niggaz in jail fo' life, ain't no blood in they eye
But who, Ja' bless 'em with tha sizzla touch
Thing's gettin better when they thought it would get worse
I bomb first, and breath in the heat, knowin to hell I send em'
And I ain't talkin' devils or demons, just be happy ya breathin
And cowards go to hiccupin' and sneezin'
leavin every soul cold, and bodies never a day old
Drving down on a yayo and dump it, like fuck it
Niggaz addict to hutslin, no one can ever be trusted
who told the feds' to rush ya
Why you fishin' in darken looking for sharks to wise
Coast to coast man
Just look around Rule' will never back down
And y'all can never ever take my crown (niggaz)
Yeah, Yeah, That's what the fuck I'm sayin..
Talk to 'em baby
Tell theses niggaz, what these niggaz know?
You know niggaz, no man touch this muthfucka right here
(Ya hear me?)
Niggaz going in they dreams to fuck with me, b
Murder inc (shit) Holla
Murder inc... yeah murder inc..
It's murder inc... we do this shit, we do this thang'
This thang called... this thang we call drugs nigga
in the booth... lyrically
I get's the job done you know me baby
Come hell or hot water you're going down
Uneasy, lies the head that wears the crown
You forgot your p's and q's
Because you paid your dues, doesn't make it alright
And there's a bug at your window
That will not leave you alone tonight
And heaven looks after fools and thieves
Heaven looks after fools and thieves
Heaven looks after fools and thieves
Easy as an egg strikes the stone
It's the one that finds the bone, you too shall pass
Uneasy lies the head
That wears the crown
And heaven looks after fools and thieves
Heaven looks after fools and thieves
Heaven looks after fools and thieves
Head's a penny are a broken mirror
You can have 'em all
We don't need 'em here
We worship the ground that you trip on
Wanna stay but you've gotta get out
Feeling sure but you have your doubts
Uneasy lies the head that wears the crown
And heaven looks after fools and thieves
Heaven looks after fools and thieves
I won't walk away from you, not like this
I have unfinished business
We went away for a minute, I know
Two years and a minute I suppose, here we go
Back on this journey again
For worse or for better, we came to make amends
With ourselves, our friends and our families
This is for them now
I've seen a lot of changes
(A lot of changes)
Within ourselves, within our scene
I'm not trying to rearrange things
There's only one way, I can say this
(I can say this)
We've come back for the crown
It's time to claim it
It's only begun, the second chapter of what's to come
We're not done
We strayed for a minute, I know
It's time we let everybody know, here we go
We're back on this grind again
For worse or for better, we came to represent
Ourselves and our friends, our families
This is for them again
I've seen a lot of changes
(A lot of changes)
Within ourselves, within our scene
I'm not trying to rearrange things
There's only one way, I can say this
(I can say this)
We've come back for the crown
It's time to claim it
Where there's love there's always hate
Where there's respect there's always envy
We know some wanna see us fail
We won't stop 'til I get what's mine
We've stood the test of time
Now we will prevail, we came for the crown
I've seen a lot of changes
(A lot of changes)
Within ourselves, within our scene
I'm not trying to rearrange things
There's only one way, I can say this
(I can say this)
We've come back for the crown
It's time to claim it
This is the last time that I say this
We are here for the crown
United Kingdom | |
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Other countries · Atlas British politics portal |
The Crown is a corporation sole that in the Commonwealth realms and any provincial or state sub-divisions thereof represents the legal embodiment of governance, whether executive, legislative, or judicial. It evolved first in the United Kingdom as a separation of the literal crown and property of the nation state from the person and personal property of the monarch, a concept which then spread via British colonisation and is now rooted in the legal lexicon of the other 15 independent realms. In this context it should not be confused with any physical crown, such as those of the British state regalia.
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The concept of the Crown took form under the feudal system. Though not used this way in all countries that had this system, in England and (separately) Scotland, all rights and privileges were ultimately bestowed by the ruler. Land, for instance, was granted by the Crown to lords in exchange for feudal services and they, in turn, granted the land to lesser lords. One exception to this was common socage — owners of land held as socage held it subject only to the Crown. The Crown as ultimate owner of all property also owns any property which has become bona vacantia.
The Crown in each of the Commonwealth realms is a similar but separate legal concept. To distinguish the institution's role in one jurisdiction from its place in another, Commonwealth law employs the expression "the Crown in Right of [place]": e.g., the Crown in Right of the United Kingdom,[1][2][3][4] the Crown in Right of Canada, the Crown in Right of the Commonwealth of Australia, etc. Because both Canada and Australia are federations, there are also Crowns in right of each Canadian province and each Australian state; for example, there is the Crown in Right of the Province of British Columbia and "Crown in Right of Western Australia".[5]
The Crown's powers are exercised — whether by the monarch or by any of his or her representatives — on the advice of the appropriate local ministers, legislature, or judges, none of which may advise the Crown on any matter pertinent to another of the Crown's jurisdictions.
The Crown has a relationship with each of the Crown Dependencies, defined differently in each Crown Dependency.
In Jersey, statements in the 21st century of the constitutional position by the Law Officers of the Crown define it as the "Crown in right of Jersey",[6] with all Crown land in the Bailiwick of Jersey belonging to the Crown in right of Jersey and not to the Crown Estate of the United Kingdom.[7]
Legislation of the Isle of Man defines the "Crown in right of the Isle of Man" as being separate from the "Crown in right of the United Kingdom".[8]
In Guernsey, legislation refers to the "Crown in right of the Bailiwick",[9] and the Law Officers of the Crown of Guernsey submitted that "The Crown in this context ordinarily means the Crown in right of the république of the Bailiwick of Guernsey"[10] and that this comprises "the collective governmental and civic institutions, established by and under the authority of the Monarch, for the governance of these Islands, including the States of Guernsey and legislatures in the other Islands, the Royal Court and other courts, the Lieutenant Governor, Parish authorities, and the Crown acting in and through the Privy Council."[11] This constitutional concept is also worded as the "Crown in right of the Bailiwick of Guernsey".[12]
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In criminal proceedings, the prosecuting party is the Crown; generally speaking, this is indicated by having Rex (for a male monarch) or Regina (for a female one) versus the defendant as the standard for naming criminal trials, typically abbreviated R, for example a criminal case against Smith might be R v Smith, said "the Crown and Smith". In Australia particularly, on official transcripts of criminal trials the heading page reads The Queen v Smith. In New Zealand court reporting, news reports will refer to the prosecuting lawyer (often called a Crown prosecutor, as in Canada and the United Kingdom) as representing the Crown, usages such as "For the Crown, Joe Bloggs argued..." being common.
This practice of using the seat of sovereignty as the injured party is analogous with criminal cases in the United States, where the format is "the People" or "the State v. [defendant]" (e.g. People of the State of New York v. LaValle) under the doctrine of popular sovereignty. In Federal criminal cases, it is "United States v. [defendant]," as in United States v. Nixon.
The Crown can also be a plaintiff or defendant in civil actions to which the government of the Commonwealth realm in question is a party. Such Crown proceedings are often subject to specific rules and limitations, for example the enforcement of judgments against the Crown.
Jason Derülo | |
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![]() Derülo at Music Online Entertainmentz Inc. 2010 |
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Background information | |
Birth name | Jason Joel Desrouleaux |
Born | (1989-09-23) September 23, 1989 (age 22) |
Origin | Miami, Florida, United States |
Genres | R&B, pop, dance[1][2] |
Occupations | Singer-songwriter, dancer, choreographer, actor |
Years active | 2007–present |
Labels | Warner Bros., Beluga Heights, TM3 Records, Music Online Entertainmentz. |
Associated acts | The Black Eyed Peas, Lady GaGa, Birdman, Diddy-Dirty Money, Lil Wayne, Big Boi, Kid Cudi, Jin Akanishi |
Website | jasonderulo.com |
Jason Joel Desrouleaux [3] (born September 21, 1989), better known by his stage name Jason Derülo, is an American singer-songwriter, actor and dancer. After producing records for several artists and writing songs for Cash Money Records, co-founder of the label Birdman, Young Money Entertainment owner Lil Wayne and rapper Diddy, Derülo signed to minor recording label Beluga Heights. After Beluga Heights became part of the Warner Music Group, Derülo released his debut single, "Whatcha Say" in May 2009, which sold over five million digital downloads, gaining an RIAA certification of double platinum, and reaching number 1 in the U.S. and New Zealand. Derülo released his second single, "In My Head", in December 2009. His debut album, Jason Derülo, was released on March 2, 2010. He released his second studio album, Future History on September 16, 2011.
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Derulo was born in Miami, Florida,[4] to Haitian parents. His birth name is Desrouleaux, but he changed the spelling for his stage name to make it easier to pronounce.[5]
Derülo has been performing since the age of three. He wrote his first song, "Crush on You", at age eight, and was heard singing part of the song on a [The Galaxy Network|Galaxy FM] interview. Derülo spent his youth studying opera, theater, and ballet. He attended Dillard Center for the Arts in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, and graduated from the American Musical and Dramatic Academy in New York at the age of 17.
At age 18, Derülo met his future manager, Frank Harris, a law school student who was helping him improve his basketball skills.[6]
Derülo has been writing songs for artists including Diddy, Danity Kane, Donnie Klang, Sean Kingston, Cassie, Lil Wayne since he was 16, intent on becoming a solo performer.[7] After attending performing arts schools and honing his talents as a singer and dancer (plus acting in theatre productions like Ragtime and Smokey Joe's Cafe),[8] Derülo won the grand prize on the 2006 season finale of the TV show Showtime at the Apollo. Derülo was discovered by music producer J. R. Rotem, who signed him to his record label Beluga Heights Records and Warner Bros. Records.
In a HitQuarters interview, Rotem highlighted Derülo's dedication to his art by saying, "Jason Derülo has one of the most impressive work ethics I've ever come across – he just keeps knocking out songs in the studio. That's an amazing quality."[9]
Derülo's music career began in 2006, when he was featured on Birdman's song "Bossy", which was featured on his album, 5 * Stunna.
On August 4, 2009, Jason released his debut single, "Whatcha Say". It was produced by J. R. Rotem with additional production by Fuego. The track samples the Imogen Heap song "Hide and Seek".[10] In late August 2009, the song debuted at number 54 on the Billboard Hot 100[11] and hit number 1 in November 2009.[12] The single's music video was released in September 2009; after the single became successful, Derülo began work on his debut album. He released the second single from his album, "In My Head", on December 8, 2009. It debuted at number 63 on the Billboard Hot 100, and reached number five.[13]
Derülo's debut album, Jason Derülo, was released on March 2, 2010. He spent six weeks promoting the album in his appearances as one of the opening acts for Lady Gaga's 2009–2010 The Monster Ball Tour. The third single of the album is "Ridin' Solo," which was released worldwide on April 26, 2010. By July, the single had reached number nine in the Billboard Hot 100.[13] Derülo has also recently been featured in a song by new artist Will Roush called "Turn it Up," which also features Stat Quo and Young Buck. He also collaborated with UK singer Pixie Lott on a song called "Coming Home" which will be on Lott's new album Turn It Up Louder to be released in the United States in 2011.
Jason Derülo first charted within the top ten of the UK and Irish Albums Charts in early March 2010.
Derülo's second studio album, Future History, was released on September 27, 2011.[14] Derülo is currently detailing his journey recording the album via a series of webisodes that are posted on his official website every Friday.[14] Its lead single, "Don't Wanna Go Home", was released on May 20, 2011. It landed the number-one spot in the UK and in the top five in Australia.[15] Derülo planned to embark on an eight-date UK tour in support of the album in February 2012, including a show at Wembley Arena on March 1.[16] However, on January 6, 2012, while Derülo was rehearsing for his Future History Tour, he broke one of his vertebrae. As a result, he canceled all of his tour dates.[17]
In 2011, he recorded a track titled "Together" for Demi Lovato. The official studio version with Derulo appeared on Lovato's album Unbroken.
On March 28, 2012, Derulo appeared on American Idol to announce he would allow fans to help him finish the lyrics for a new song entitled Undefeated, as part of a partnership with American Idol and Coca Cola.[18] Fans were given the opportunity to submit their own lyrics to complete the song, and fans were then given the chance to vote on which lyrics they liked the most. On May 5, 2012, Derulo announced that his first post-neck injury television performance would be on the eleventh season finale of American Idol, on May 22, 2012.[19]
Year | Organization | Award | Work | Result |
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2010 | Teen Choice Awards[20] | Choice Breakout Male Artist | Himself | Nominated |
Choice R&B Track | "In My Head" | Nominated | ||
Choice R&B Album | Jason Derülo | Won | ||
MTV Video Music Awards[21] | Best Male Video | "In My Head" | Nominated | |
Best New Artist | "In My Head" | Nominated | ||
MTV Europe Music Awards[22] | Best New Act | Himself | Nominated | |
Best Push Act | Himself | Nominated | ||
ARIA Music Awards[23] | Most Popular International Artist | Himself | Nominated | |
2011 | NAACP Image Award[24] | Outstanding New Artist | Himself | Nominated |
BMI Pop Music Awards[25] | Songwriter of the Year | "In My Head", "Ridin' Solo", "Whatcha Say, Replay" | Won | |
50 Most Performed Songs of the Year | "Replay" | Won | ||
Teen Choice Awards[26] | Choice Male Artist | Himself | Nominated | |
Choice R&B/Hip-Hop Track | "Don't Wanna Go Home" | Nominated | ||
Choice Summer: Music Star Male | Himself | Nominated | ||
MOBO Awards[27][28] | Best International Act | Himself | Nominated | |
2012 | MTV Video Music Awards Japan | Best R&B Video | "It Girl" | Pending |
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Persondata | |
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Name | Derulo, Jason |
Alternative names | |
Short description | |
Date of birth | 1989-09-21 |
Place of birth | |
Date of death | |
Place of death |
Phillip Phillips | |
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Birth name | Phillip LaDon Phillips, Jr. |
Born | (1990-09-20) September 20, 1990 (age 21) Leesburg, Georgia, U.S. |
Genres | Rock, jazz fusion |
Occupations | Singer-songwriter, musician |
Instruments | Vocals, guitar |
Years active | 2011–present |
Labels | Interscope Records |
Website | www.phillipphillips.com |
Phillip LaDon Phillips, Jr. (born September 20, 1990) is an American singer-songwriter from Leesburg, Georgia, and the winner of the eleventh season of American Idol.[1][2][3]
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Phillips was born in Leesburg, Georgia, the son of Sheryl (née LaDon) and Phillip Phillips, Sr.[4][5] He grew up in Sasser and Leesburg, and attended Lee County High School.[2] He graduated from Albany Technical College with a major in Industrial Systems Technology, but missed the graduation ceremony due to his obligations to American Idol.[6] Prior to appearing on American Idol, he worked at his family's pawn shop.
Phillips said his favorite singer is Jonny Lang, and other favorites include John Butler, Dave Matthews and Damien Rice.[7] He described his music as "jazz, rock alternative sound".[8] Phillips was mentored by long time friend and brother-in-law Benjamin Neil.
Phillips auditioned in Savannah, Georgia.[9] He sang "Superstition" by Stevie Wonder.[9][10] The judges then asked him to perform a second song with his guitar, and he performed Michael Jackson's "Thriller."[9][10] He advanced to the Hollywood rounds,[9] and later to the Las Vegas round.[11]
On February 23, 2012, Phillips was chosen as one of the Top 25 semi-finalists.[12] After the Top 13 performance night, Phillips was taken to a doctor for possible kidney stones.[13][14] Phillips became the winner on the finale of American Idol on May 23, 2012, against Jessica Sanchez after a record-breaking total of 132 million votes were cast.[1] His coronation song "Home" was released after his performance.
Episode | Theme | Song choice | Original artist | Order # | Result |
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Audition | Auditioner's Choice | "Superstition" | Stevie Wonder | N/A | Advanced |
"Thriller" | Michael Jackson | ||||
Hollywood Round, Part 1 | First Solo | "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag" | James Brown | N/A | Advanced |
Hollywood Round, Part 2 | Group Performance | "Broken Strings" | James Morrison feat. Nelly Furtado | N/A | Advanced |
Hollywood Round, Part 3 | Second Solo | "Wicked Game" | Chris Isaak | N/A | Advanced |
Las Vegas Round | Songs of the 1950s Group Performance |
"I Only Have Eyes for You" | Dick Powell & Ruby Keeler | N/A | Advanced |
Final Judgment | Final Solo | "Nice & Slow" | Usher | N/A | Advanced |
Top 25 (13 Men) | Personal Choice | "In the Air Tonight" | Phil Collins | 9 | Advanced |
Top 13 | Stevie Wonder | "Superstition" | Stevie Wonder | 13 | Safe |
Top 11 | Year They Were Born | "Hard to Handle" | Otis Redding | 1 | Safe |
Top 10 | Billy Joel | "Movin' Out (Anthony's Song)" | Billy Joel | 6 | Safe |
Top 9 | Their Personal Idols | Trio "Landslide" / "Edge of Seventeen" / "Don't Stop" with Colton Dixon & Elise Testone |
Fleetwood Mac / Stevie Nicks | 3 | Safe |
Solo "Still Rainin'" | Jonny Lang | 9 | |||
Top 8 | Songs from the 1980s | Solo "That's All" | Genesis | 4 | Safe |
Duet "Stop Draggin' My Heart Around" with Elise Testone |
Stevie Nicks & Tom Petty | 8 | |||
Top 7 | Songs from the 2010s | Duet "Somebody That I Used to Know" with Elise Testone |
Gotye feat. Kimbra | 3 | Safe |
Solo "Give a Little More" | Maroon 5 | 8 | |||
Top 71 | Songs from Now & Then | "U Got It Bad" | Usher | 4 | Safe |
"In the Midnight Hour" | Wilson Pickett | 11 | |||
Top 6 | Queen | "Fat Bottomed Girls" | Queen | 5 | Safe |
Contestant's Choice | "The Stone" | Dave Matthews Band | 11 | ||
Top 5 | Songs from the 1960s | Solo "The Letter" | The Box Tops | 2 | Safe |
Duet "You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'" with Joshua Ledet |
The Righteous Brothers | 4 | |||
British Pop | "Time of the Season" | The Zombies | 8 | ||
Top 4 | California Dreamin' | Solo "Have You Ever Seen the Rain?" | Creedence Clearwater Revival | 1 | Safe |
Duet "This Love" with Joshua Ledet |
Maroon 5 | 5 | |||
Quartet "Waiting for a Girl Like You" with Hollie Cavanagh, Joshua Ledet & Jessica Sanchez |
Foreigner | 7 | |||
Songs They Wish They'd Written | "Volcano" | Damien Rice | 8 | ||
Top 3 | Judges' Choice | "Beggin'" | The Four Seasons | 3 | Safe |
Contestant's Choice | "Disease" | Matchbox Twenty | 6 | ||
Jimmy Iovine's Choice | "We've Got Tonight" | Bob Seger | 9 | ||
Finale | Simon Fuller's Choice | "Stand by Me" | Ben E. King | 2 | Winner |
Favorite Performance | "Movin' Out (Anthony's Song)" | Billy Joel | 4 | ||
Winner's Single | "Home" | Greg Holden2 | 6 |
Title | Details | Peak chart positions | Sales | |
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US[15] | CAN[16] | |||
Phillip Phillips: Journey to the Finale |
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11 | 30 |
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Year | Single | Peak chart positions | Sales | Album | |
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US[18] | CAN[19] | ||||
2012 | "Home" | 10 | 9 |
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TBD |
Year | Song | Peak positions | Sales | Album | |||
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US[21] | Bubbling Under |
Hot Digital Songs[15] | |||||
2012 | "We've Got Tonite" | 97 | — | 41 | 43,000[20] | Phillip Phillips: Journey to the Finale | |
"Volcano" | — | 9 | 54 | 35,000[20] | |||
"Stand by Me" | — | 24 | — | 24,000[20] | American Idol - Top 2 Season Finale - Season 11 EP | ||
"—" denotes the single failed to chart or not relevant to the chart. |
Preceded by Scotty McCreery |
American Idol winner 2012 |
Incumbent |
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Persondata | |
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Name | Phillips, Phillip |
Alternative names | |
Short description | Singer |
Date of birth | September 20, 1991 |
Place of birth | Leesburg, Georgia |
Date of death | |
Place of death |
Robbie Williams | |
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![]() Williams performing as part of the Progress Live tour in May 2011 |
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Background information | |
Birth name | Robert Peter Williams |
Born | (1974-02-13) 13 February 1974 (age 38) Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, England |
Genres | Pop rock, soft rock, dance |
Occupations | Singer-songwriter, musician, vocal coach, record producer, actor |
Instruments | Vocals, guitar, bass guitar, synthesiser, drums, piano, violin, harmonica, marimba |
Years active | 1990–present |
Labels | Universal (2011–present) Virgin (2009–2010) Chrysalis (1996-2008) |
Associated acts | Take That |
Website | robbiewilliams.com |
Robert Peter "Robbie" Williams[1] (born 13 February 1974) is an English singer-songwriter, vocal coach and occasional actor. He is a member of the pop group Take That.
Williams rose to fame in the band's first run in the early- to mid-1990s. After many disagreements with the management and certain group members, Williams left the group in 1995 to launch his solo career. On 15 July 2010, it was announced he had rejoined Take That and that the group intended to release a new album in November 2010[2][3] which became the second fastest-selling album of all-time in UK chart history[4] and the fastest-selling record of the century.[5]
Williams has sold over 70 million records worldwide, which ranks him among the best-selling music artists worldwide.[6] He is the best-selling British solo artist in the United Kingdom and the best selling non-Latino artist in Latin America. Six of his albums are among the top 100 biggest-selling albums in the United Kingdom. He has also been honoured with seventeen BRIT Awards—more than any other artist—and seven ECHO Awards. In 2004, he was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame after being voted as the "Greatest Artist of the 1990s."
Williams was born to Peter and Janet Williams in Stoke-on-Trent on 13 February 1974. His parents ran a pub called the Red Lion in the town of Burslem, before his father became the licensee at the Port Vale F.C. Social Club - this led to Williams' lifelong affinity for the team.[7] Williams attended Mill Hill Primary School in Stoke-on-Trent[8] then St Margaret Ward Roman Catholic School in Tunstall,[9] and also attended dance school UKDDF in Tunstall.[citation needed] He participated in several school plays, and his biggest role was that of the Artful Dodger in a production of Oliver!.
In 1990, the sixteen year old Williams was the youngest member to join Take That. According to the documentary Take That: For the Record, his mother read an advertisement seeking members for a new boy band and suggested that he try out for the group. He met fellow member Mark Owen on the day of his audition/interview with Nigel Martin-Smith. During the heights of the band's popularity, Williams was known as the extrovert and practical joker of the band. Although the majority of the band's material was written and performed by Gary Barlow, Williams did perform lead vocals on their first Top Ten hit "Could It Be Magic", "I Found Heaven", and "Everything Changes". However, he had conflicts with Martin-Smith over the restrictive rules for Take That members, and he began drinking more alcohol and dabbling in cocaine.
In July 1995, Williams's drug abuse had escalated to the point of his having a near drug overdose the night before the group was scheduled to perform at the MTV Europe Music Awards. According to the documentary For the Record, he stated that he was unhappy with his musical ideas not being taken seriously by lead singer Barlow and Nigel Martin-Smith, because his desire to explore hip hop and rap conflicted with the band's usual ballads. Barlow explained in interviews that Williams had given up trying to offer creative input and merely did as he was told. As well as Williams's friction with the management of the band, Jason Orange had problems with his increasingly belligerent behaviour, his lack of interest in performing, and his frequent habit of missing the band's rehearsals.
Both Orange and Barlow confronted Martin-Smith about the internal conflict, because they did not want him dropping out while touring and before any possible future touring of America, which never took place. During one of the last rehearsals before the tour commenced, the group confronted Williams about his attitude and stated they wanted to do the tour without him. He agreed to quit the band and left; it would be the last time for twelve years that they were all together. Despite the departure of Williams, Take That completed their Nobody Else Tour as a four-piece band. They later disbanded on 13 February 1996, Williams's 22nd birthday.
Shortly afterwards, Williams was photographed by the press partying with the members of Oasis at Glastonbury Festival. Following his departure, he became the subject of talk shows and newspapers as he acknowledged his plans to become a solo singer, and he was spotted partying with George Michael in France. However, a clause in his Take That contract prohibited him from releasing any material until after the group was officially dissolved, and he was later sued by Martin-Smith and forced to pay $200,000 in commission. After various legal battles over his right to a solo career, Williams was victorious in getting released from his contract with BMG. On 27 June 1996, Williams formally announced that he had signed with Chrysalis Records.
After leaving Take That, Williams launched his solo career starting off in 1996 by covering George Michael's "Freedom", the single reached number two in the UK Singles Chart.[10]
Recordings for Williams's first album began at London's Maison Rouge studios in March 1996. Shortly after his introduction to Guy Chambers, Williams released "Old Before I Die" which would be the first single taken from his début album. The single reached number two on the UK Charts;[10] however, it was largely ignored on international charts.
His debut album, Life Thru a Lens, was released in September 1997. The album launched with his first live solo gig at the Élysée Montmartre theatre in Paris, France. The album debuted at number eleven of the UK Album Charts.
Williams released what would be the fourth single taken from his album. "Angels" became Williams' best-seller in the United Kingdom.[11] The song, apart from becoming a hit around Europe and Latin America, caused sales of his album to skyrocket. The album remained inside the British top ten for forty weeks and spent 218 weeks there altogether, making it the 58th best selling album in UK history with sales of over 2.4 million.[12] The album eventually managed to sell over three million copies in Europe.[13]
Williams and Chambers started writing the second album in Jamaica in early 1998. The first single, "Millennium", became Williams' first solo number one single in the United Kingdom.[14] It also became a top twenty hit in many European countries, Latin America and Australia.[15]
When the album I've Been Expecting You was released in late October 1998, it débuted at number one in the UK Albums Chart.[14] The album received more attention outside the United Kingdom, leaving its mark in the European and Latin American markets with hits such as "No Regrets", a collaboration with The Pet Shop Boys' singer Neil Tennant and The Divine Comedy's Neil Hannon.
A cover of a track from World Party's album, Egyptology, became Williams' second number one hit in the UK.[14] Williams finished the year with a European Tour late in 1999.
The album I've Been Expecting You sold almost 3 million copies in the UK and was certified 10x Platinum by the BPI.[16] In Europe, the album sold over 4 million copies.[17]
In 1999, Williams was signed to Capitol Records in the United States, a part of EMI. He embarked on a US promotional tour and released his first U.S. and Canadian single, "Millennium". The album The Ego Has Landed was released in July 1999 in the United States and Canada.
In the middle of promotion and the tours in 1999, Williams began work on his third studio album. This time he had finally found his inner confidence.[18]
The first single taken from the album was "Rock DJ", a song inspired by Williams's UNICEF mentor, the late Ian Dury. The video showed Williams in an attempt to get noticed by a group of females, first stripping and then tearing chunks of skin and muscle from his body, and caused controversy in the United Kingdom and many other countries. The video was edited by Top of the Pops for its graphic content and many other channels followed suit.[19] The song became an instant hit, reaching number one in the UK (becoming his third number one single as a solo artist) and New Zealand. The song went on to win "Best Song of 2000" at the MTV Europe Music Awards, "Best Single of the Year" at the BRIT Awards and an MTV Video Music Award for Best Special Effects.
When the album, Sing When You're Winning was released in August 2000, it topped the charts in many different countries.[20] In the UK the album was certified 2x Platinum on its first week of release.[21]
After the success of his third album, Williams wanted to take another musical direction. He took two weeks off from his tour to record what would be his fourth studio album, a big band album.[22] Born from his life-long love for Frank Sinatra – combined with the success of the track "Have You Met Miss Jones?" that he recorded for the film Bridget Jones' Diary in early 2001 – the album was recorded at Capitol Studios in Los Angeles.
Williams took the chance to duet with his long-time friend Jonathan Wilkes, Little Voice star Jane Horrocks, Saturday Night Live star Jon Lovitz, Rupert Everett and actress Nicole Kidman. The first single released from the album was a duet with Kidman, on "Somethin' Stupid". Originally a hit for Frank and Nancy Sinatra, the song became Williams' fifth number one hit in the UK.[23] It eventually went on to become one of the biggest hits of 2001.[24]
When the album Swing When You're Winning (in reference to his 2000 studio album Sing When You're Winning) was released in late 2001, it became an instant hit in the UK, Ireland, New Zealand, Austria, Germany and Switzerland.[25]
"Beyond the Sea" was featured over the credits of the film Finding Nemo in 2003 and was also released on the film's soundtrack CD.
A DVD called Robbie Williams Live at the Albert Hall was released in December of that year. So far, it has become one of the best selling music DVDs in Europe, being certified 6x Platinum in the United Kingdom[26] and 2x Platinum in Germany.[27]
In 2002, Williams signed a record-breaking £80 million contract with EMI.[28] The contract included a number of provisos, including the label ceding greater creative control to the artist and a commitment to breaking Williams into the US market. So far it is the biggest music deal in British history. The deal was brokered by Ingenious Media, a leading UK corporate finance advisory business.[29]
Williams began working on what would be his fifth studio album, spending a year in the recording studio. The album heralded a new era for Williams. He had taken a more active role in the making of this album, giving an indication of his growing confidence in the studio. "One Fine Day", "Nan's Song", and "Come Undone" were the first songs that Williams wrote without the input of Guy Chambers. Most of the songs were recorded in Los Angeles.[29]
The album's first single, "Feel", written by Williams and Chambers, was recorded as a demo. When they started working on the album and were trying to re-record the vocals, Williams felt unsatisfied with it, so he decided to include the demo version and then release it as the first single.[30] When the single was released in late 2002, it became Williams' biggest international hit, going number one in countries like The Netherlands and Italy, as well as reaching the top ten in almost every single European country.[31]
When Williams' fifth studio album, Escapology, was released in late 2002, it hit number one in at least 10 countries around the world. In the United States, however, it failed to make such an impact.
Due to the controversial video for the album's second single, "Come Undone", it was heavily censored by MTV Networks Europe for depicting a debauched (but fully clothed) Williams having three-way sex with two women. The video was about some young people having a party and it showed footage of fights, drug taking and alcohol abuse. It also showed unsettling images of insects and reptiles. The uncensored version of the video was released on DVD single in Europe and was also included on the Enhanced CD Single.[32] BBC Radio 2 also banned the song for its explicit content.[33] At that time, it was confirmed that Williams and Guy Chambers were to officially split up.[32]
Escapology sold almost 2 million copies by the end of 2003 in the United Kingdom.[34]
In October 2003, Williams released his first live album, Live at Knebworth.
In October 2004, Williams released, Greatest Hits, a retrospective of his career, and also, to reveal the new tracks he had been working on with the then-new collaborator, Stephen Duffy.[35] "Radio", the compilation's first single, debuted at number one in the UK Singles Chart[14] (becoming Williams' sixth number-one hit). When the compilation was later released it debuted at number one in the UK[14] and was the best selling album of the year in the UK[36] and Europe.[37]
Eight years after the release of "Angels", in February 2005 the British public voted it as the "Best Single of the Past Twenty-Five Years" at the 2005 BRIT Awards.[38]
After touring Latin America in late 2004 for the promotion Greatest Hits, Williams started working on his sixth studio album. Recorded at his house in the Hollywood Hills, the album was co-written by Stephen Duffy over the course of 24 months.[39]
The track "Ghosts" was inspired by the Human League's "Louise", about a man who breaks off a relationship with his partner and realises he still has strong feelings for her.[39]
The album Intensive Care was launched in Berlin on 9 October. It became a smash hit around the world.
In November 2005, Williams took home the MTV Europe Music Award for 'Best Male', but also, entered in The Guinness Book of World Records when he announced his World Tour for 2006, selling 1.6 million tickets in one single day.[40] But after the success, Gary Barlow, Mark Owen, Jason Orange, and Howard Donald had agreed to reunite in Notting Hill, west London, for a preview screening of a documentary about Take That. The documentary screened on ITV1 on 16 November 2005. Unfortunately, according to a source quoted by The Sunday Mirror, "Robbie announced he wasn't coming. The rest of the band were gutted but felt the show had to go on."[41]
Williams kicked off his Close Encounters World Tour in South Africa in April 2006, when he finished his European leg of the tour. 2.5 million people had seen the show,[42] and after touring Latin America and Australia the numbers went up to 3 million.
Williams released his much anticipated dance/electro album, Rudebox, on 23 October 2006. It featured collaborations with the Pet Shop Boys, William Orbit, Soul Mekanik, Joey Negro, Mark Ronson, Chris Grierson, The Orr Boys. It received mixed reviews: Allmusic gave it a four star rating, the NME 8 out of 10, and Music Week and MOJO were equally positive,[43] but it received much weaker reviews from some of the British press.
The first single, "Rudebox", was premièred on radio by Scott Mills on his show on BBC Radio 1. The event caused some controversy, as the record label's embargo date was broken, although Williams himself later backed the presenter for doing so. More controversy followed due to the first single's radical change of direction when compared to his older releases. British newspaper The Sun named the song "The Worst Song Ever".[44] However, Victoria Newton stated that there were sure-fire hits on the album.[45]
The album sold 2x Platinum in Europe with sales of over 2 million making it the fastest platinum-selling album of 2006.[46] The album finished at number eighteen in the list of 2006's best selling albums worldwide. Neil Tennant claimed the album had sold 4.5 million copies by early 2007.[47]
To promote his album, Williams commissioned a series of short films.[48] Goodbye to the Normals was directed by Jim Field Smith and features "Burslem Normals" by Robbie Williams.
On 4 October 2007, Williams made a guest appearance at Mark Ronson's concert in Los Angeles, performing The Charlatans' "The Only One I Know", which features on Ronson's album Version.
Rumours of a new studio album co-written with Guy Chambers surfaced in early 2007, along with known commitments required by Williams to his EMI contract. British singer-songwriter Laura Critchley commented that she had sung vocals for three songs, and said that it would not be released until 2009.[49]
On 16 January 2008 UK tabloid The Sun announced that Williams had been working on some songs with The Blockheads member Chaz Jankel. The article went on to state that the reunion with Chambers hadn't worked out and that the material that Williams is working on with Jankel will form the basis of his next studio album.[50] However, although it had been confirmed on the Blockheads' official site that Jankel was writing with Williams, the rumour that Chambers was no longer working with him was not official. In late August 2008, Williams' friend Callum Blue commented that he was still working on the album.[51]
In February 2009, it was confirmed that Williams had written material with Guy Chambers and Mark Ronson. A spokesman said that Williams was planning to begin the recording sessions in March and that the new album would be released in late 2009. This will probably be the last Williams album released by EMI.[52] On his official website, Williams confirmed that he was working with producer Trevor Horn on his new album, which would eventually be titled Reality Killed the Video Star,[53] a reference to the song "Video Killed the Radio Star" by Horn's former band The Buggles. The album was released on 9 November 2009 in the United Kingdom.[54]
On 11 October 2009 Williams published a 12-track compilation album, titled Songbook, as a free CD for the newspaper The Mail on Sunday. The CD is a one-off album of some of his biggest hits - including several rare live performances.[55] That same evening, Williams made his "comeback" on The X Factor results show, performing his new single "Bodies" for the first time live.[56]
On 20 October 2009 Williams opened the BBC Electric Proms at the London RoundHouse.[57] It was his first live concert for 3 years[58] and was broadcast across 200 cinemas worldwide.[59] Accompanied by a string section, horn section, full band and producer Trevor Horn, Williams performed several new tracks from Reality Killed the Video Star and older tracks.
Reality Killed the Video Star was previewed in the UK on the Spotify music streaming service on 6 November 2009, and official released on 9 November.[60] In a high profile chart battle, Williams' album was pitted against X Factor 2008 runners-up JLS who released their debut album the same day. JLS beat Williams to the number one spot by 1500 sales. The album was also released in the United States (Williams' first album to be released there since 2002's Escapology).
In late November 2009, Williams traveled to Australia to perform at the ARIA Music Awards of 2009.
In October 2010 Williams released his second greatest hits album, In and Out of Consciousness: The Greatest Hits 1990–2010, to celebrate 20 years as a performing artist.[61] A single, "Shame", was also released, which was written and sung by Williams and Barlow.[61]
On 15 July 2010, Williams announced he was returning to Take That. A joint statement between Williams and the group said "The rumours are true... Take That: the original lineup, have written and recorded a new album, to be called, Progress for release later this year," read the band's statement. "Following months of speculation Gary Barlow, Howard Donald, Jason Orange, Mark Owen and Robbie Williams confirmed they have been recording a new studio album as a five-piece, which they will release in November."[62]
On 26 August 2010, it was announced Williams would become a guest vocal coach on the ninth series of German reality television show Popstars: Girls forever to teach candidates for a girl group.[63]
On 20 September 2010, Williams released his second book called "You Know Me" in collaboration with Chris Heath. The book features a collection of photographs of Williams from the past 20 years of his career and discussion of them by Williams as transcribed by Heath.[64]
In October, Media Control named Williams the most successful album-artist of the millennium due to the fact that he had spent No. 1 on the German Albums Chart for 38 weeks since 2000. He also reached that chart's Top Ten 135 times.[65]
In June 2011 Robbie Williams revealed that he has been working with Gary Barlow on a new solo album, that will be produced by Barlow.[66] Williams confirmed on his official site that he will be doing a new duet.[67][citation needed]
Williams launched a radio show titled Radio Rudebox on 6 October 2011 where he played music and interviewed Gary Barlow.[68]
On 21 October 2011 Williams announced that he had signed with Universal Music, following his departure from his previous record label EMI in 2010. He said in a statement, "I'm really thrilled to be joining the Universal family at what I think is the most exciting time in my career." The singer's forthcoming ninth studio album is set to be released during the autumn of 2012.[69]
Williams announced in December 2008 that he was planning to relocate to the UK prior to releasing his eighth studio album in late-2009, and a possible reunion with Take That. Photos also showed Williams with his new tattoo of the Take That logo on his right arm, in tribute to his former bandmates.[70] Williams bought a £7 million home in the village of Compton Bassett, Wiltshire.
On 27 March 2009, Williams stated he felt ready to re-join Take That. He said: "I'm in regular contact with them, even Gaz, and it's looking more likely by the week. The lads all seem up for it and some people think it's a done deal. I think it would be fun."[71] Williams was eager to re-join the band on their The Circus Live tour, but these plans never materialised. In September 2009, Williams was reported to be working in New York with Take That, however these rumours were never confirmed.[72]
While it was rumoured that Williams would reunite with Take That on 12 November 2009 for a Children In Need charity concert at The Royal Albert Hall, they merely greeted each other warmly on stage between performances. However, both did join with the other acts in the final song of the evening, with Williams putting his arm around Gary Barlow and singing "Hey Jude". Williams subsequently implied in an interview that a proper reunion was still a distinct possibility. On 15 February 2010, The Sun printed an interview with Williams, stating that he and Take That had been sighted going to an Los Angeles studio together.[73]
It was announced on 15 July that Williams had rejoined Take That. In November 2010 the Take That album Progress was released, becoming the fastest selling album since 2000 and the second fastest selling album in UK history. Williams explained that the long-standing friction between himself and Gary has been resolved, and how close they now were.[74]
The band also announced the Progress Live tour which would travel across the UK, including a record breaking 8 nights at Wembley Stadium in London,[75] then continue across Europe. The tour was the fastest selling in UK history with ticket hotlines and websites crashing under the demand.[75]
One of his most famous collaborations was on the song "Kids", a duet with Australian pop star Kylie Minogue. The single peaked at number 2 on the UK singles charts in 2000. Williams also collaborated with Australian film star Nicole Kidman on a cover of Frank and Nancy Sinatra's "Somethin' Stupid". The single reached number 1 on the UK singles chart in 2001. His single "No Regrets" featured Neil Tennant, and Neil Hannon on backing vocals.
In 2002, Williams appeared on the track "My Culture" on the 1 Giant Leap album, alongside rapper Maxi Jazz (which features lyrics from the hidden track "Hello Sir" from Life Thru a Lens). Williams also features on a double CD titled Concrete which was released on the same day as Rudebox. The CD features a concert recorded for the BBC featuring the Pet Shop Boys and Williams singing their classic hit "Jealousy". Their joint effort, "She's Madonna", was released as a single in March 2007. On 13 August 2007, a Dean Martin duets album was released, on which Williams sings "Please Don't Talk About Me When I'm Gone". Most recently it was announced that Williams has recorded what is going to be Mexican singer Thalía's first single from her upcoming English-language album.
In 2010 he announced that he was to release "Shame", a duet with Take That lead singer songwriter Gary Barlow as the first single from his greatest hits collection In and Out of Consciousness: The Greatest Hits 1990–2010 which was certified silver in the UK and charted in 19 countries worldwide.
Williams features in his own karaoke video game, We Sing Robbie Williams which was released on 12 November 2010 by Nordic Games.
It has been claimed that Williams has sold more albums in the UK than any other British solo artist in history and has won more BRIT Awards than any other artist to date.[76] His album sales stands at over 57 million worldwide.[77][78][79] Williams was entered in The Guinness Book of World Records when, after he announced his World Tour for 2006, 1.6 million tickets were sold in one single day.[80]
He has been presented many awards, including seventeen BRIT[81] and seven ECHO awards.[82] In 2004, he was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame, after being voted as the Greatest artist of the 1990s.[83]
Williams appears in the list of the all-time Top 100 biggest selling albums in the United Kingdom six times.[36]
In October 2009 it was announced that he would receive the Outstanding Contribution To British Music award at the 2010 BRIT Awards.[84]
In September 2010 Williams switched on the Blackpool illuminations, stating that it was one of the greatest honours he'd ever achieved.[85]
Since 2006, Williams has spent most of his time in Los Angeles, California.[86] Williams moved back to the UK in 2009 when he bought an £8.5 million mansion in Compton Bassett, Wiltshire, nearby to close friend Jonathan Wilkes who lives in Swindon. Williams sold the mansion a year later to move back to Los Angeles.[citation needed]
Williams has reportedly battled mental illness, obesity, self-esteem issues, alcoholism, and substance abuse throughout his life.[87][88] He once discussed how his friend Elton John booked him into a clinic to cope with his drug use that emerged from the depression he was experiencing while still in Take That.[88] He entered a rehabilitation centre in Tucson for his addiction to the prescription pills Xanax, Seroxat/Paxil, Vicodin, and the energy drink Lucozade in February 2007[89] Williams used to smoke up to 60 cigarettes a day; he gave up in 2009 for his girlfriend Ayda Field.
Williams has a strong interest in UFOs and related paranormal phenomena, and has pursued this interest during his 2007–08 sabbatical.[90] His interest in the subject led to him taking part in a documentary for BBC Radio 4 with Jon Ronson. The documentary followed them to a UFO convention in Nevada. During an interview with Joss Stone on The Jeremy Kyle Show in 2008, Williams revealed that while out of his head on dispirin he has seen UFOs three times.[91] Williams said his first UFO sighting was when he was a child in Britain while he spotted his second in Beverly Hills, and added that the third sighting was just after he had written a song about alien contact.[91]
On 30 November 2009, Williams' hairdresser Aaron Vickers was found dead in woodland near to Williams' then home in Wiltshire. Vickers first met Williams in Los Angeles after being introduced by their mutual friend Jonathan Wilkes. When Williams bought the £8.5 million mansion in early 2009, Vickers lived at the estate for some months but had recently moved back in with his mother who lives nearby. Vickers was last seen by his boyfriend at 1am on 30 November, and his body was found hanged in the woods the following morning.[92][93]
Since May 2006, Williams has been in a relationship with the Turkish American actress Ayda Field.[94] They have reportedly been together for almost five years.[95] Despite several break up stories in the press[96][97][98] Williams and Field have been spotted together many times.[99][100][101] On 29 January 2008 they were pictured on vacation together at Mammoth Ski Resort in California, accompanied by Max Beesley.[102][103][104] She was featured in a UFO documentary that Williams did for BBC Radio 4 in April[105] and took part in a field investigation he did in Trout Lake, Washington in August 2008.[106]
On 8 November 2008, Williams was spotted with Field at football match at the Emirates Stadium home of Arsenal, where he was also seen with Gary Barlow accompanied by his two oldest children, and Williams's longtime friend Jonathan Wilkes.[107] The couple has been living together in a mansion in Wiltshire since the beginning of 2009 according to The Sun.[108] In October 2009, Field appeared in the video of Williams comeback single Bodies. Williams has been referring to Field as his "wife" in recent interviews.[109]
In November 2009, Williams announced to Jonathan Ross that he was 'in love' with Field.[110] On 26 November 2009, Williams proposed to Ayda Field live on the Australian radio channel 2dayfm in an interview on the Kyle and Jackie O Show.[111] However, it was later revealed by Williams' manager that it was "done as a joke following suggestions it was a stunt which was set up prior to the radio show." His spokesman confirmed: 'He did say it, but he did it in a jocular manner. They are not engaged.'[112] A few days later Williams himself denied the engagement, using his official blog to say "Hey all. We are not engaged. Rob.".[113][114] On 7 August 2010, Williams and Field married at his home in Los Angeles.[115] On 30 March 2012 Williams announced that he and his wife, Ayda, would become parents for the first time.[116]
Williams won a libel case against MGN and Northern & Shell in December 2005 relating to articles which had reported he was a closet homosexual.[117] In the libel action that resulted from this, Williams accepted substantial damages, and the publishers accepted that the stories were untrue. His counsel, Tom Shields QC, told the court, "Mr Williams is not, and has never been, homosexual." Gay rights campaigner Peter Tatchell called for any damages paid out from the libel case to be donated to gay charities, claiming Williams' legal actions had created the impression that it is "bad to be gay."[118] Williams responded that he was not bothered about being labelled as a gay man, and he would have taken the same action had it been regarding a heterosexual relationship. In 2008, Williams's friend, actor Max Beesley, rejected claims that Williams was gay. Beesley said, "Some of the stuff written about him is enough to make me mad, the rumours about him being gay, for example. Not true. I've never met anybody less gay in my life!"[119]
In 2009, the Sunday Times Rich List claimed he was worth over £130 million.[120] In 2011 his wealth was estimated at £90 million.[121]
Williams is a lifelong supporter of Port Vale, based in his home town of Stoke-on-Trent. In February 2006 he bought £240,000 worth of shares in the club, making him the majority shareholder.[122] He also has a restaurant at Vale Park named in his honour.[123]
He revealed in 2011 he had been battling a lethargy caused by a type of hormone imbalance called a Andropause for a number of years and thought at first it was a return of his depression.[124][125]
Williams has set up a charity in his home town entitled Give It Sum, its goal being to "improve local conditions and strengthen community life by giving money to those who are disadvantaged."[87][126]
Williams, with the help of friend Jonathan Wilkes, has organised charity football matches called Soccer Aid to raise money for UNICEF UK. A mixture of celebrities and professional football players have played Soccer Aid matches in 2006, 2008 and 2010 at Old Trafford in Manchester and Wembley Stadium in London.[127]
Williams has been the Patron of the children's charity the Donna Louise Trust based in his home town of Stoke-on-Trent, for the last 8 years. The charity offers respite and palliative care to terminally ill and life-limited children who are not expected to live past the age of 16.[128]
Williams has won various awards with some of his more recognised accolades being the BRIT awards. He has won 17 BRIT awards which also include the BRITs he won with Take That making him the most successful artist in BRIT history. He has also won 8 Echo Awards from the German music industry.[82][129]
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Persondata | |
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Name | Williams, Robbie |
Alternative names | Williams, Robert Peter |
Short description | English singer |
Date of birth | 13 February 1974 |
Place of birth | Stoke-on-Trent, England |
Date of death | |
Place of death |
Johnny Ringo | |
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![]() Johnny Ringo |
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Born | (1850-05-03)May 3, 1850 Greensfork, Indiana |
Died | July 13, 1882(1882-07-13) (aged 32) Chiricahua range, Cochise County, Arizona |
Cause of death | Gunshot wound to the head |
Body discovered | Turkey Creek Canyon |
Resting place | West Turkey Creek Valley 31°51′49″N 109°20′16″W / 31.86361°N 109.33778°W / 31.86361; -109.33778 |
Occupation | Outlaw |
Years active | 1875–1882 |
John Peters "Johnny" Ringo (May 3, 1850 – July 13, 1882) was an outlaw Cowboy of the American Old West who was affiliated with Ike Clanton and Frank Stilwell in Cochise County, Arizona Territory during 1881-1882.
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Ringo was born in Greensfork, Indiana, of distant Dutch ancestry.[1] His family moved to Liberty, Missouri in 1856. He was a contemporary of Frank and Jesse James, who lived nearby in Kearney, Missouri, and became a cousin of the Younger brothers through marriage when his aunt, Augusta Peters Inskip, married Coleman P. Younger, uncle of the outlaws.[2]
In 1858 the family moved to Gallatin, Missouri where they rented property from the father of John W. Sheets (who became the first "official" victim of the James-Younger gang when they robbed the Daviess County Savings & Loan Association in 1869).[2]
On July 30, 1864, while the Ringo family was traveling through Wyoming on their way to California, his father Martin Ringo stepped out of his wagon holding a shotgun which accidentally discharged. The buckshot round entered the right side of his face, exiting the top of his head. The 14 year-old John Ringo and the rest of his family buried him on a hillside alongside the trail.[3]
By the mid-1870s, Ringo had migrated from San Jose, California to Mason County, Texas. Here he befriended an ex-Texas Ranger named Scott Cooley, who was the adopted son of a local rancher named Tim Williamson.
Trouble started when two American rustlers, Elijah and Pete Backus, were dragged from the Mason jail and lynched by a predominantly German mob. Full-blown war began on May 13, 1875, when Tim Williamson was arrested by a hostile posse and murdered by a German farmer named Peter Bader. Cooley and his friends, including Johnny Ringo, conducted a terror campaign against their rivals. Officially called the "Mason County War", locally it was called the "Hoodoo War".[4] Cooley retaliated by killing the local German ex-deputy sheriff, John Worley, shooting him, scalping him, and tossing his body down a well on August 10, 1875.
Cooley already had a reputation as a dangerous man, and was respected as a Texas Ranger. He killed several others during the "war". After Cooley supporter Moses Baird was killed, Ringo committed his first murder on September 25, 1875 when he and a friend named Bill Williams rode up in front of the house of James Cheyney, the man who led Baird into the ambush. As Cheyney came out, unarmed, invited them in and began washing his face on the porch, both Ringo and Williams shot and killed him. The two then rode to the house of Dave Doole, and called him outside, but when he came out with a gun, they fled back into town.
Some time later, Scott Cooley and Johnny Ringo mistook Charley Bader for his brother Pete and killed him. After that both men were jailed in Burnet, Texas by Sheriff A. J. Strickland. Both Ringo and Cooley were broken out of jail by their friends shortly thereafter, and parted company to evade the law.
By November 1876, the Mason County War had petered out after costing a dozen or so lives, Scott Cooley was believed dead,[5] and Johnny Ringo and his pal George Gladden were locked up once again. One of Ringo's cellmates was the notorious killer John Wesley Hardin.[citation needed] While Gladden was sentenced to 99 years, Ringo appears to have been acquitted. Two years later, Ringo was noted as being a constable in Loyal Valley, Texas. Soon after this, he appeared in Arizona for the first time.
Louis L'Amour wrote that he had found nothing in Old West history to commend John Ringo as a particularly noteworthy "badman". According to L'Amour, Ringo was a surly, bad-tempered man who was worse when he was drinking, and that his main claim to fame was shooting the unarmed Louis Hancock in an Arizona territory saloon in 1879 for ordering beer after Ringo told him to order whiskey. L'Amour wrote that he did not understand how Ringo earned such a strong reputation as a "bad man" in legend. Other authors have concluded that perhaps Ringo's memorable name, coupled with his confrontations with the canonically "good" Earp brothers, contributed to his latter-day reputation.
Ringo first turned up in Cochise County, Arizona Territory in 1879 along with Joseph Graves Olney (alias "Joe Hill"), a friend from the Mason County War. In December 1879, a drunk Ringo shot unarmed Louis Hancock in a Safford, Arizona saloon when Hancock refused a complimentary drink of whiskey, stating he preferred beer. Hancock survived his wound. Ringo did not take part in the shoot out at the O.K Corral. He was occasionally erroneously referred to as "Ringgold" by the newspapers of the day.
On January 17, 1882, Ringo and Doc Holliday traded threats and seemed to be headed into a gunfight. Both men were arrested by Tombstone's new chief of police, James Flynn, and hauled before a judge for carrying weapons in town. Both were fined. Judge William H. Stilwell followed up on charges outstanding against Ringo for a robbery in Galeyville and Ringo was re-arrested and jailed on January 20 for the weekend.[6]:238
Around Tombstone, Arizona, he had a reputation as having a bad-temper. He may have participated in robberies and killings with the Cowboys. Two months later, Ringo was suspected by the Earps of taking part in the murder of Morgan Earp on March 18, 1882.
After Deputy U.S. Marshal Wyatt Earp and his posse killed Frank Stilwell in Tucson on March 20, 1881, warrants were issued for their arrest. Cochise County Sheriff Johnny Behan deputized Ringo and 19 other men, many of them Cowboys and friends of Frank Stilwell. Ringo joined the county posse that pursued but never found the federal posse.[7][8]
Pete Spence's wife, Marietta Duarte, testified that her husband, Frank Stilwell, "Indian Charlie" Cruz, Frederick Bode, and a half-breed named Fries[9]:206:176 had killed Morgan Earp. The Earp posse searched for Pete Spence at his wood camp in the South Pass in the Dragoon Mountains[8] and found Florentino "Indian Charlie" Cruz.
One of Ringo's closest friends, "Curly Bill" Brocius, was killed by Wyatt Earp in a gunfight at Iron Springs (later Mescal Springs) about 20 miles (32 km) from Tombstone. Earp told his biographer Lake that he got Cruz to confess to being the lookout, and that he identified Johnny Ringo, Frank Stilwell, Hank Swilling, and Curly Bill as Morgan's killers.[7]
On July 14, 1882, Johnny Ringo was found dead in the crotch of a large tree in West Turkey Creek Valley, near Chiricahua Peak, with a bullet hole in his right temple and an exit wound at the back of his head.
A single shot had been heard by a neighbor late in the evening the day before on July 13. The property owner found Ringo sitting on the low-leaning trunk and fork of a large tree by the river (a fallen trunk next to which Ringo is now buried). Ringo's revolver had one round expended and was found hanging by one finger in his hand. His feet were wrapped in pieces of his undershirt. His horse was found two weeks later, Ringo's boots tied to the saddle of his horse, a common method to keep scorpions out of boots. After an inquest, the coroner found that death had been caused by a single shot through the head, and Ringo's death was officially ruled a suicide.
Johnny Ringo is buried close to where his body was found in West Turkey Creek Canyon (31°51′49″N 109°20′16″W / 31.86361°N 109.33778°W / 31.86361; -109.33778) at the base of the tree in which he was found, which fell around 2010. The grave is located on private land and is not publicly accessible.
Many people have been put forth as Ringo's murderer, including Wyatt Earp, Doc Holliday, O'Rourke, and Buckskin Frank Leslie.
The book, I Married Wyatt Earp, supposedly written by Josephine Marcus Earp, reported that Wyatt Earp and Holliday returned to Arizona to find and kill Ringo. Edited by Glen Boyer, the book claims that Holliday killed Ringo with a rifle shot at a distance, contradicting the coroner's ruling that Ringo's death was a suicide. However, Boyer's book has been discredited as a fraud and a hoax[10] that cannot be relied on.[11]:154 In response to criticism about the book's authenticity, Boyer said the book was not really a first-person account, that he had interpreted Wyatt Earp in Josephine's voice, and admitted that he couldn't produce any documents to vindicate his methods.[12] Holliday was fighting a court case in Colorado at the time of Ringo's death. Official records of the District Court of Pueblo County, Colorado indicate that both Doc and his attorney appeared in court there on July 11, 14, and 18, 1882, which, if true, would make it impossible for Holliday to have killed Ringo. Author Karen Holliday Tanner, in Doc Holliday, A Family Portrait, speculated that Doc may not have been in Pueblo at the time of the court date, citing a writ of habeas corpus issued for him in court on July 11. She believes that only his attorney may have appeared on his behalf that day, in spite of the wording of a court record that indicated he may have appeared in person—in propria persona or "in his own person". She cites this as standard legal filler text that does necessarily prove the person was present. There is no doubt that Holliday arrived in Salida, Colorado on July 7 as reported in a town newspaper. This is 500 miles (800 km) from the site of Ringo's death, six days before the shooting.
One theory that supports the coroner's finding that Ringo committed suicide is that a few weeks before Ringo's death, a large fire in Tombstone had wiped out most of the downtown area. The silver mines were producing less, and demand for beef was down. Many of Ringo's friends were gone, while his way of life was quickly becoming a thing of the past. Ringo was depressed after being rejected by his remaining family members in California and the recent deaths of his outlaw friends. Stoked by a period of binge drinking, Ringo was preparing to camp in an isolated spot, far from the city. He tied his boots to his saddle, a common practice in Arizona to keep scorpions out of them, but the horse got loose from his picket and ran off. Ringo tied pieces of his undershirt to his feet to protect them (these were found on his body and noted by the inquest), and crawled into the fork of a large tree to spend the night. As evening came on, despondent over his overall state, Ringo shot himself.[citation needed]
Fred Dodge, a Wells, Fargo & Co. undercover agent, attributed Ringo's killing to Mike O'Rourke. A gambler, O'Rourke had been arrested for murdering Henry Schneider. Curly Bill Brocius and John Ringo encouraged talk of a lynching and led other men who pursued the wagon carrying O'Rourke. McKelvey got to the outskirts of Tombstone and the Last Chance Saloon just ahead of the mob where he was met by Deputy U.S. Marshal Virgil Earp,[13] and was escorted to jail in Tucson, where escaped. He held onto a burning rage toward Ringo and Curly Bill, and according to a conversation Dodge had with Frank Leslie, O'Rourke learned in July, 1882 that Ringo and Buckskin Frank Leslie were camping in the Turkey Creek Canyon area. O'Rourke knew that Ringo had been drinking heavily for the last week and made camp in the same area. On July 14 allegedly found Ringo sleeping off his liquor and killed him, arranging the body to look like a suicide.[13] The story had enough credibility that many believed, including Ringo's close friend Pony Diehl, it to be true.[13] O'Rourke was killed shortly after being caught cheating at cards.[citation needed]
Others[who?] believe Buckskin Frank Leslie killed Ringo. Leslie found Ringo drunk and asleep at a tree. Hoping to curry favor with Earp supporters in office, he shot Ringo through the head. Billy Claiborne believed Leslie killed Ringo, and it was said that his fatal shootout with Leslie was due to this fact. However, in reality Claiborne was demanding that Leslie refer to him as "Billy the Kid", and when Leslie refused Claiborne challenged him. Claiborne was shot through the right side, the bullet exiting out his back, and died hours later. His last words were supposedly "Frank Leslie killed John Ringo. I saw him do it", another claim that has no evidence to support it.[citation needed]
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Persondata | |
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Name | Ringo, Johnny |
Alternative names | Ringo, John Peters |
Short description | Outlaw |
Date of birth | May 3, 1850 |
Place of birth | Greensfork, Indiana, U.S. |
Date of death | July 13, 1882 |
Place of death | Cochise County, Arizona, U.S. |