Cold

Saturday, 27 October 2012

Kanye West - Cold ft. DJ Khaled (Explicit) NEW * TheraFlu *

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Antarctica
Antarctica
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JILA
JILA, formerly known as the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, is one of the leading physical science research institutes in the United States. Its faculty, graduate students, and postdoctoral research associates explore some of today's most challenging and fundamental scientific questions. JILA is located at the base of the Rocky Mountains on the University of Colorado at Boulder campus. JILA is jointly operated by the University of Colorado (CU) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
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North Pole
The North Pole, also known as the Geographic North Pole or Terrestrial North Pole, is, subject to the caveats explained below, defined as the point in the northern hemisphere where the Earth's axis of rotation meets the Earth's surface. It should not be confused with the North Magnetic Pole.
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Carl Wieman
Carl Edwin Wieman (born March 26, 1951) is an American physicist at the University of British Columbia and Nobel Prize in Physics laureate for his production, in 1995 with Eric Allin Cornell, of the first true Bose–Einstein condensate.
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Eric Cornell
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Freezing point
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Satyendra Nath Bose
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Steven Chu
Steven Chu (born February 28, 1948) is an American physicist and currently the 12th United States Secretary of Energy. Chu is known for his research at Bell Labs in cooling and trapping of atoms with laser light, which won him a share of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1997, with Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William Daniel Phillips. At the time of his appointment as Energy Secretary, he was a professor of physics and molecular and cellular biology at the University of California, Berkeley and the director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where his research was concerned primarily with the study of biological systems at the single molecule level. Previously, he had been a professor of physics at Stanford University. He is a vocal advocate for more research into alternative energy and nuclear power, arguing that a shift away from fossil fuels is essential to combating climate change. For example, he has conceived of a global "glucose economy", a form of a low-carbon economy, in which glucose from tropical plants is shipped around like oil is today.
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Kim Jong-il Funeral ceremony .Kim Jong-il died of a suspected heart attack on 17 December 2011 at 08:30 while traveling by train to an area outside Pyongyang.

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For the virus, see Common cold. For the post-grunge band, see Cold (band). For other uses, see Cold (disambiguation).

An iceberg

Look up cold in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Cold refers to the condition or subjective perception of having low temperature. A cold body is often described as the opposite of hot, or as having less heat, although the latter use of "heat" would be incorrect in the context of physics, as heat refers to the transfer of energy between bodies, which do not "have" heat themselves.

A lower bound to temperature is the absolute zero, defined as 0 K on the Kelvin scale, an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale. This corresponds to −273.15 °C on the Celsius scale, −459.67 °F on the Fahrenheit scale, and 0 °R on the Rankine scale.

Since temperature relates to the thermal energy held by an object or a sample of matter, which is the kinetic energy of the random motion of the particle constituents of matter, an object will have less thermal energy when it is colder and more when it is hotter. If it were possible to cool a system to absolute zero, all motion of the particles in a sample of matter would cease and they would be at complete rest in this classical sense. The object would be described as having zero thermal energy. Microscopically in the description of quantum mechanics, however, matter still has zero-point energy even at absolute zero, because of the uncertainty principle.

1 Mammalian perception
2 Cooling
3 Notable cold locations and objects
4 See also
5 References

Mammalian perception [link]

Main article: Thermal comfort

Mammals have an endothermic ("warm-blooded") physiology. Therefore they have a perception of thermal comfort that is centered around their body temperature. Their thermal comfort is dependent upon their metabolism and environmental surroundings, and is affected by heat conduction, convection, radiation, and evaporative heat loss. Thermal comfort is maintained when the heat generated by their metabolism is allowed to dissipate, thus maintaining thermal equilibrium with the surroundings. When this equilibrium is not maintained due to excessive heat loss, then they will perceive the feeling of being too cold, and in varying degrees of discomfort depending upon how far this equilibrium is skewed.^{[citation needed]}

Cooling [link]

Main article: Refrigeration

Cooling refers to the process of becoming cold, or lowering in temperature. This could be accomplished by removing heat from a system, or exposing the system to an environment with a lower temperature.

Fluids used to cool objects are commonly called coolants.

Air cooling is the process of cooling an object by exposing it to air. This will only work if the air is at a lower temperature than the object, and the process can be enhanced by increasing the surface area or decreasing the mass of the object.

Another common method of cooling is exposing an object to ice, dry ice, or liquid nitrogen. This works by convection; the heat is transferred from the relatively warm object to the relatively cold coolant.

Laser cooling and Magnetic evaporative cooling are techniques used to reach very low temperatures.

Notable cold locations and objects [link]

The coldest known temperature ever achieved is a state of matter called the Bose–Einstein condensate which was first theorized to existing by Satyendra Nath Bose in 1924 and first created by Eric Cornell, Carl Wieman, and co-workers at JILA on June 5, 1995. They did this by cooling a dilute vapor consisting of approximately two thousand rubidium-87 atoms to below 170 nK (one nK or nano K is a billionith (10^-9) of a degree Kelvin) using a combination of laser cooling (a technique that won its inventors Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, and William D. Phillips the 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics) and magnetic evaporative cooling.
The Boomerang Nebula is the coldest known natural location in the universe, with a temperature that is estimated at 1 K (kelvin) (−272.15 °C/−457.87 °F).^[1]
Herschel Space Observatory instruments and detectors are kept at temperatures below 2 K, using a large helium tank for cooling.^[2]
Absent any other source of heat, the temperature of the Universe roughly 2.725 kelvin, due to the Cosmic microwave background radiation, a remnant of the big bang.^[3]
Neptune's moon Triton has a surface temperature of −235 °C (−390 °F).
Uranus with an atmospheric temperature of −215 °C (−355 °F).^[4]
Saturn with a temperature of −175 °C (−285 °F) at cloud tops.^[5]
Mercury, despite being close to the Sun, is actually cold during its night, with a temperature of about −170 °C (−275 °F). Mercury is cold during its night because it has no atmosphere to trap in heat from the Sun.^[6]
Jupiter with a temperature of −145 °C (−230 °F) at the cloud tops.^[7]
Mars has a temperature of about −125 °C (−195 °F).^[8]
The coldest continent on Earth is Antarctica.^[9] The coldest place on Earth is the Antarctic Plateau,^[10] an area of Antarctica around the South Pole that has an altitude of around 3,000 metres (9,800 ft). The lowest reliably measured temperature on Earth of −89.2 °C (−128.6 °F) was recorded there at Vostok Station on 21 July 1983^[11] (See List of weather records).

References [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Cold

^ "Boomerang Nebula boasts the coolest spot in the Universe". NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. June 20, 1997. http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/news/releases/97/coldspot.html. Retrieved July 8, 2009.
^ Jonathan Amos (9 February 2009). "'Silver Sensation' Seeks Cold Cosmos". BBC News. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7864087.stm. Retrieved 2009-03-06.
^ Hinshaw, Gary (December 15, 2005). "Tests of the Big Bang: The CMB". NASA WMAP. http://map.gsfc.nasa.gov/m_uni/uni_101bbtest3.html. Retrieved 2007-01-09.
^ http://www.nasa.gov/worldbook/uranus_worldbook.html^{[dead link]}
^ http://www.nasa.gov/worldbook/saturn_worldbook.html^{[dead link]}
^ http://www.nasa.gov/worldbook/mercury_worldbook.html^{[dead link]}
^ http://www.nasa.gov/worldbook/jupiter_worldbook.html^{[dead link]}
^ http://www.nasa.gov/worldbook/mars_worldbook.html^{[dead link]}
^ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=8070
^ Bignell, Paul (2007-01-21). "Polar explorers reach coldest place on Earth". The Independent (London). http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/polar-explorers-reach-coldest-place-on-earth-433074.html. Retrieved 2010-04-30.
^ Budretsky, A.B. (1984). "New absolute minimum of air temperature" (in Russian). Bulletin of the Soviet Antarctic Expedition (Leningrad: Gidrometeoizdat) (105). http://www.aari.aq/publication/abs_min/abs_min.html.

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Kanye West
West at the SWU Music & Arts Festival, 2011
Background information
Birth name	Kanye Omari West
Born	(1977-06-08) June 8, 1977 (age 35) Atlanta, Georgia, United States
Origin	Chicago, Illinois, United States
Genres	Hip hop
Occupations	rapper, singer, songwriter, record producer, music video director, film director, fashion designer
Instruments	Vocals, keyboards, sampler, percussion, synthesizer
Years active	1996–present
Labels	GOOD Music, Roc-A-Fella, Def Jam
Associated acts	Go Getters, Child Rebel Soldier, Jay-Z, The Throne, Common, John Legend, Kid Cudi, Rihanna, Jeff Bhasker, Pusha T, Mos Def, Mr Hudson, Talib Kweli, Big Sean, A-Trak, Pharrell, Lupe Fiasco, RZA
Website	kanyewest.com

Kanye Omari West ( /ˈkɑːnjeɪ/; born June 8, 1977)^[1] is an American musician, film director and fashion designer. West first rose to fame as a producer for Roc-A-Fella Records, where he eventually achieved recognition for his work on Jay-Z's album The Blueprint, as well as hit singles for musical artists including Alicia Keys, Ludacris, and Janet Jackson. His style of production originally used pitched-up vocal samples from soul songs incorporated with his own drums and instruments. However, subsequent productions saw him broadening his musical palette and expressing influences encompassing '70s R&B, baroque pop, trip hop, arena rock, folk, alternative, electronica, synthpop, and classical music.^[2]

West released his debut album The College Dropout in 2004, his second album Late Registration in 2005, his third album Graduation in 2007, his fourth album 808s & Heartbreak in 2008, and his fifth album My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy in 2010. West released a collaborative album, Watch the Throne with Jay-Z in 2011, which is the duo's first collaborative album. His five solo albums, all of which have gone platinum, have received numerous awards and critical acclaim.^[3] As of 2012, West has won a total of eighteen Grammy Awards, making him one of the most awarded artists of all-time.^[4] All albums have been very commercially successful, with My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy becoming his fourth consecutive No. 1 album in the U.S. upon release.^[5] West has had 5 songs exceed 3 million in digital sales as of July 2011, with "Gold Digger" selling 3,086,000, "Stronger" selling 4,402,000, "Heartless" selling 3,742,000, "E.T." selling over 4,000,000 and "Love Lockdown" selling over 3,000,000^[6]^[7] placing him third in overall digital sales of the past decade.^[8]^[9] He has sold over 30 million digital songs in the United States making him one of the best-selling digital artists of all-time.^[10]

West also runs his own record label GOOD Music, home to artists such as John Legend, Common and Kid Cudi.^[11] West's mascot and trademark is "Dropout Bear," a teddy bear which has appeared on the covers of three of his five solo albums as well as various single covers and in his music videos.^[12] About.com ranked Kanye West No. 8 on their "Top 50 Hip-Hop Producers" list.^[13] On May 16, 2008, Kanye West was crowned by MTV as the year's No. 1 "Hottest MC in the Game."^[14] On December 17, 2010, Kanye West was voted as the MTV Man of the Year by MTV.^[15] Billboard ranked Kanye West No. 3 on their list of Top 10 Producers of the Decade.^[16] West has also been included in the Time 100 list of the most influential people in the world as well as being listed in a number of Forbes' annual lists.^[17]

Kanye will release the full-length album entitled Cruel Summer with GOOD Music signed artists sometime in 2012.

Early life [link]

Kanye West was born in Atlanta, Georgia,^[18] where he lived with his parents. When he was three years old, his parents divorced, and he and his mother moved to Chicago, Illinois.^[19] His father was Ray West, a former Black Panther who was one of the first black photojournalists at The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, and is now a Christian counselor.^[19] West's mother, Dr. Donda West, was a Professor of English at Clark Atlanta University, and the Chair of the English Department at Chicago State University before retiring to serve as West's manager. He was raised in a middle-class background, attending Polaris High School^[20] in suburban Oak Lawn, Illinois after living in Chicago.^[21] When asked about his grades in high school, West replied, "I got A's and B's. And I'm not even frontin'".^[22]

West attended art classes at the American Academy of Art in Chicago, and also enrolled at Chicago State University, but dropped out to focus on his music career.^[23] While attending school, West produced for local artists. He later gained fame by producing hit singles for major hip hop/R&B artists, including Jay-Z, Talib Kweli, Cam'ron, Paul Wall, Common, Mobb Deep, Jermaine Dupri, Scarface, The Game, Alicia Keys, Janet Jackson, John Legend among others. He also "ghost-produced" for his mentor Deric Angelettie, according to his song "Last Call" and the credits of Nas' "Poppa Was a Playa".^[23]

Music career [link]

1996–2003: Career beginnings [link]

Kanye West's first career productions came on Chicago rapper Grav's 1996 debut album Down to Earth. West produced eight tracks on the album. While the album did not attract much attention and would be the only album released by Grav, West would soon be producing for higher profile artists. In 1998–1999 he produced for well-known artists such as Jermaine Dupri, Foxy Brown, Goodie Mob, and the group Harlem World.

West got his big break in the year 2000, when he began to produce for artists on Roc-a-Fella Records. He produced the well-received Jay-Z song "This Can't Be Life" off of the album The Dynasty: Roc La Familia. West would later state that to create the beat for "This Can't Be Life", he sped up the drum beat from Dr. Dre's song "Xxplosive".^[24]

After producing for Jay-Z earlier, West’s sound was featured heavily on Jay-Z's critically acclaimed album The Blueprint, released September 11, 2001.^[25] His work was featured on the lead single "Izzo (H.O.V.A.)", "Heart of the City (Ain't No Love)" and a diss track against Nas and Mobb Deep named "Takeover"; West has worked with Mobb Deep and Nas since the track's release.^[25]

After meeting great commercial success and critical acclaim for his productions on The Blueprint, West became a sought after producer in the hip-hop industry, even before he became known as a rapper and solo artist. In the years 2002–2003 he would produce for artists such as Nas, Scarface, Talib Kweli, Mos Def, T.I., Ludacris, DMX, and Monica. He also continued producing for Roc-a-Fella Records artists and contribued four tracks to Jay-Z's follow up album to The Blueprint, The Blueprint²: The Gift & the Curse.

After great successes as a producer, West now looked to pursue a career as a rapper and solo artist, but struggled to get a record deal. Chris Anokute, then A&R at Def Jam, said that when West regularly dropped by the office to pick up his producer checks he would play demos of solo material to Anokute in his cubicle and bemoan the fact that no one was taking him seriously as a rapper.^[26] Jay-Z admitted that Roc-A-Fella was initially reluctant to support West as a rapper, claiming that he saw him as a producer first and foremost.^[27] Multiple record companies felt he was not as marketable as rappers who portray the "street image" prominent in hip hop culture.^[24] Beginning his career as a rapper, Kanye West recorded the third verse on the song "The Bounce" off of Jay-Z's The Blueprint²: The Gift & the Curse, an album he produced for, from the same label he was signed to as a rapper.

[edit] 2004–05: The College Dropout and Late Registration

On October 23, 2002, West was involved in a near fatal car crash while driving home from the recording studio.^[28] The crash provided inspiration for West's first single, "Through the Wire".^[29] West's faith is apparent in many of his songs, such as "Jesus Walks", which became a staple at his benefit performances, such as the Live 8 concert. These songs were featured on West's debut album, The College Dropout, which was released on Roc-A-Fella Records in February 2004, and went on to receive critical acclaim. The album also defined the style for which West would become known, including wordplay and sampling.^[29] The album was eventually certified triple platinum. Guest appearances included Jay-Z, Ludacris, GLC, Consequence, Talib Kweli, Mos Def, Common, and Syleena Johnson. The album also featured the singles, "All Falls Down" and "The New Workout Plan", as well as Twista's number one single, "Slow Jamz".^[30] During 2003 West also co-produced songs for British singer Javine Hylton, even appearing in the music video to Real Things playing the love interest of Javine.

West was involved in a financial dispute over Royce Da 5'9"'s song "Heartbeat", produced by West and released on Build & Destroy: The Lost Sessions. West maintains that Royce never paid for the beat, but recorded to it and released it; hearing him on the beat, the original customers decided not to buy it from West. After the disagreement, West vowed to never work with Royce again.^[31] Other Kanye West-produced hit singles during the period The College Dropout was released included "I Changed My Mind" by Keyshia Cole, "Overnight Celebrity" by Twista and "Talk About Our Love" by Brandy.^[29]

West and Jamie Foxx performing "Gold Digger" at the Democratic Convention in Denver, Colorado

Taking a more eclectic route, West collaborated with American film score composer Jon Brion to construct his second album, Late Registration, which was released on August 30, 2005.^[32] Like its predecessor, the sophomore effort garnered universal acclaim from music critics.^[33] Late Registration topped countless critic polls and was revered as the best album of the year by numerous publications, including USA Today, Spin, and Time.^[34]^[35] Rolling Stone awarded the album the highest position on their end of the year record list and hailed it as a "sweepingly generous, absurdly virtuosic hip-hop classic."^[36] The record earned the number one spot on the Village Voice's Pazz & Jop critics' poll of 2005 for the second consecutive year.^[37] Late Registration was also a commercial success, selling over 860,000 copies in its first week alone and topping the Billboard 200.^[38] Grossing over 2.3 million units sold in the United States alone by year's end, Late Registration was considered by industry observers as the sole majorly successful album release of the fall of 2005, a season that was plagued by steadily declining CD sales.^[39] The second album earned eight Grammy Award nominations including Album of the Year and Record of the Year for the song "Gold Digger".^[40] The album is certified triple platinum.^[41]

On August 22, 2005, the MTV special All Eyes On Kanye West aired, in which West spoke out against homophobia in hip-hop. He claimed that hip-hop has always been about "speaking your mind and about breaking down barriers, but everyone in hip-hop discriminates against gay people."^[42] He then reflected on a personal experience. He said that he had a "turning point" when he realized one of his cousins was gay. He said regarding this experience: "This is my cousin. I love him and I've been discriminating against gays." He drew comparison between African Americans' struggle for civil rights and today's gay rights movement. The following year, in an interview with Entertainment Weekly, West further expounded his experiences with and views on the relationship between the black and gay communities.^[43]

In September 2005, West announced that he would release his Pastelle Clothing line in spring 2006:^[44] "Now that I have a Grammy under my belt and Late Registration is finished, I am ready to launch my clothing line next spring." In that year, West produced the hit singles "Go" by Common and "Dreams" by The Game.^[45]

[edit] 2007–09: Graduation and 808s & Heartbreak

West performing in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, April 2007.

In 2007, it was announced that West would be starring in a series directed by Larry Charles. He has been working on the pilot episode for the past two years with Larry Charles and Rick Rubin. He also had this to say on January 14: "I wouldn't do something as cliché as a reality show. At least give me the credit for being more creative than that. It's a situational half-hour comedy. It's fictional, and loosely based on my life.^[46] " West also collaborated with Japanese hip-hop group Teriyaki Boyz to produce the single "I Still Love H.E.R.", a reference to Common's 1994 single "I Used to Love H.E.R.". Further to this, during a radio appearance in early 2007, West, like many of his peers, recorded an impromptu freestyle to the popular song "Throw Some D's." The song that to all other rappers was about automobile rims, was used by West to comically refer to D-cup breasts. Because of the unexpected success of the song, West went on to make a video for the freestyle, in which he is seen playing his 'Old Ass Cousin'.^[47]

West was also featured in a new song called "Classic (Better Than I've Ever Been)". It was believed to be a single for, Graduation, because he is featured on the track, but Nike quickly explained that it was for the Nike Air Force 1's anniversary. It was meant only to be an exclusive track for the company.^[48]

On March 25, 2007, he and his father Ray West supported World Water Day by having a "Walk for Water" rally.^[49] After a two-year break, West has returned to being a fashion columnist in lifestyle magazine Complex.^[50] On July 7, 2007, West performed with The Police and John Mayer at the American leg of Live Earth.^[51] West hosted the August 17 edition of British comedy- variety show The Friday Night Project.^[52]

In July 2007, West changed the release date of Graduation, his third album, from September 18, 2007, to the same release date as 50 Cent's album Curtis, September 11, 2007.^[53] 50 Cent later claimed that if Graduation were to sell more records than Curtis, he would stop releasing solo albums. However, 50 Cent would later dispel his comments.^[54] The album has been certified double platinum. Guest appearances included T-Pain, Mos Def, and Lil Wayne.^[55]

“

When I heard that thing about the debate, I thought that was the stupidest thing. When my albums drops and 50's album drops, you're gonna get a lot of good music at the same time.^[56]

”

On August 26, 2007, West appeared as himself on the HBO television show Entourage which he used as a platform to premier his new single "Good Life" during the end credits. On September 9, 2007, West performed at the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards, losing in every category he was nominated for; he gave an angry speech immediately afterward. (see "Controversies" section)

Following the MTV stint, West was nominated in eight Grammy Award categories for the 50th annual Grammy Awards.^[57] He won four of them,^[58] including Best Rap Album for Graduation and Best Rap Solo Performance for "Stronger" from Graduation. During the four-hour televised Grammy Awards ceremony, West also performed two songs: "Stronger" (with Daft Punk) and "Hey Mama" (in honor of his recently deceased mother).^[59]

File:Kanye West Chicago Tour 2008.jpg

West performing at the United Center in Chicago

West kicked off the Glow in the Dark Tour in Seattle at the Key Arena on April 16. The tour was originally scheduled to end in June in Cincinnati but was extended into August. Over the course of the tour West was joined by a varying group of opening acts, including Lupe Fiasco, Rihanna, N.E.R.D., DJ Craze, and Gnarls Barkley. On June 15, West was scheduled to perform a late night set at the Bonnaroo Music Festival. His performance started almost two hours late and ran for half of its alloted time, angering many fans in the audience. West later wrote an outraged entry on his blog, blaming the festival organizers as well as Pearl Jam's preceding set, which ran longer than expected.

On September 7, West debuted a new song "Love Lockdown" at the 2008 MTV Video Music Awards. "Love Lockdown" features no rapping and only singing using an auto-tune device. This song appears on West's fourth studio album, 808s & Heartbreak. The new album was expected to be released on December 16, but West announced on his blog on September 24, 2008, that he had finished the album and would be releasing it sometime in November, earlier than previously scheduled. In early October, West made a surprise appearance at a T.I. concert in Los Angeles, where he stated that 808s & Heartbreak was scheduled to be released on November 25, though it was actually released on the 24th, and that the second single is "Heartless". The album was another number one album for West, even though the first week numbers fell well short of Graduation with 450,145 sold.^[60]

West performing in 2008

West performed at the American Music Awards ceremony on November 23.^[61] That same night he won two AMA awards, including Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Album for Graduation and Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Male Artist. West performed at the Democratic National Convention in Denver in August 2008, along with Wyclef Jean and N.E.R.D. in support of Barack Obama. On January 20, 2009, Kanye West performed at the Youth Inaugural Ball hosted by MTV for Obama's inauguration.

On February 17, 2009, West was named one of Top 10 Most Stylish Men in America by GQ.^[62] The next day, February 18, 2009, West won International Male Solo Artist at The Brit Awards 2009. West was not in attendance but accepted his award with a video speech, saying "Barack is the 'Best Interracial Male' but I'm proud to be the Best International Male in the world.^[63]

In April 2009, Kanye West recorded a song called "Hurricane" with 30 Seconds to Mars to appear on their album This Is War, but was not released due to legal issues with both record companies. The song was eventually released on the deluxe version of This Is War, titled "Hurricane 2.0".^[64]^[65]^[66]

[edit] 2010–present: My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy and Watch the Throne

West performing at The Big Chill

In May 2010, West made an animated television guest appearance on Fox's animated television series The Cleveland Show (a spin-off of Family Guy) as the voice behind "Kenny West", a rival of Cleveland Brown's son.^[67] In his first episode he performed in a rap battle with Cleveland's son. The producers stated working with West was a very good experience and a reason they chose him was because they knew he was a fan of Family Guy.^[68] Kenny West re-appeared in the season 2 premiere of The Cleveland Show.

West spent the first half of 2010 in Honolulu, Hawaii, working on his new album with the working title "Good Ass Job", later named My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy, released on November 22, 2010.^[69] West has cited Maya Angelou, Gil Scott-Heron and Nina Simone as his musical inspirations for this album. Outside production is said to come from RZA, Q-Tip, Pete Rock, and DJ Premier.^[70]^[71] West also had Justin Vernon flown into his studio on Oahu after seemingly expressing interest in sampling one of Bon Iver's songs; Vernon proceeded to feature on a number of new tracks, including "Lost In The World," which features Vernon's vocal line from Woods.^[72]

On May 28, the Dwele-assisted first single from the album, entitled "Power", leaked to the Internet. On June 30, the track was officially released via iTunes. The upcoming music video was quoted as being "apocalyptic, in a very personal way" by the director Marco Brambilla.^[73]

On September 12, 2010, West performed a new song, "Runaway" featuring Pusha T, at the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards.^[74] Shortly after the performance, Kanye revealed he was working on a 35 minute short film based around the song. The movie is said to be influenced by film noir and concerns a fallen phoenix whom Kanye falls in love with.^[75] On October 15, 2010, Kanye West was ranked 3rd in BET's "Top Ten Rappers of the 21st Century" list.^[76]

West performing at a benefit at the Museum of Modern Art in 2011

Watch the Throne, a collaborative studio album by West and Jay-Z,^[77] was released by Def Jam Recordings on August 8, 2011.^[78] It has been under production since August 2010 as part of West's GOOD Friday initiative of releasing new songs every Friday between August 20 and Christmas 2010.^[79] West said through a recent interview with MTV that the album is "going to be very dark and sexy, like couture hip hop."^[79]^[80]^[81] He appeared at the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, performing the track "Lost in the World" from My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy.^[82] On January 6, 2011, Kanye announced via Twitter that the first official single from Watch the Throne would be a song called "H•A•M" produced by Lex Luger. The song was released on January 11, 2011.^[83]

On April 17, 2011, West closed the Coachella Festival with a headlining set that received glowing praise from fans and critics alike.^[84]^[85] On July 20, a track titled "Otis" from the album was released in the iTunes Store. It samples "Try a Little Tenderness" by Otis Redding.^[86] On October 19, 2011, via his Twitter, West announced plans for a Spring 2012 GOOD Music album release.^[87] On April 6, 2012, "Mercy", the lead single from the GOOD Music compilation album, Cruel Summer, was released.^[88] The song, produced by newly signed in-house producer Lifted, features West along with Big Sean, Pusha T and southern rapper 2 Chainz.^[89]

Other ventures [link]

Business ventures [link]

In August 2008, West revealed plans to open 10 Fatburger restaurants in the Chicago area; the first was set to open in September 2008 in Orland Park. The second followed in January 2009, while a third location is yet to be revealed, although the process is being finalized. His company, KW Foods LLC, bought the rights to the chain in Chicago.^[90] Additionally, West planned to launch his fashion career, and applied for internships with major European fashion houses.^[91] He was due to release his own clothing line called Past Tell in 2009. He also collaborated with Nike to release his own shoe, Air Yeezys.

On January 22, 2009, during Paris Fashion Week, West introduced his first shoe line designed for Louis Vuitton. The line was released in summer 2009.

On October 1, 2011, Kanye West premiered his women's fashion label, DW Kanye West^[92] at Paris Fashion Week. He received support from DSquared2 duo Dean and Dan Caten, Olivier Theyskens, Jeremy Scott, Azzedine Alaïa, and the Olsen twins, who were also in attendance during his show. His debut fashion show received mixed-to-negative reviews,^[93]^[94] ranging from reserved observations by Style.com^[95] to excoriating commentary by The Wall Street Journal,^[96] the New York Times,^[97] the International Herald Tribune, Elleuk.com, The Daily Telegraph, Harper's Bazaar and many others.^[98]^[99]^[100]

Philanthropy [link]

West started the "Kanye West Foundation" in Chicago in 2003. On August 24, 2007, West hosted the inaugural benefit concert to launch the foundation's partnership with Strong American Schools. It is focused on helping Latino and African American children stay in school and continue education through grade school, high school, and college. The foundation also helps children pursue music in school. West has contributed over $500,000 to his foundation. The foundation has also been called the "Donda West Foundation".

Kanye West has appeared and participated in many fundraisers, benefit concerts, and has done community work for Hurricane Katrina relief, the Kanye West Foundation, the Millions More Movement, 100 Black Men of America, a Live Earth concert benefit, World Water Day rally and march, Nike runs, and a MTV special helping young Iraq War veterans who struggle through debt and PTSD a second chance after returning home.^[101]

Musical style and influences [link]

West working in the studio with his mentor No I.D. (left)

At the start of his career, Kanye West's production style often used pitched-up vocal samples, usually from soul songs, with his own drums and instruments.^[25] His first major release featuring his trademark vocal sampling style was "This Can't Be Life", a track from Jay-Z’s The Dynasty: Roc La Familia. West said he sped up the drum beat of Dr. Dre's "Xxplosive" to use as a replacement for his drums on "This Can't Be Life".^[24]

West has said that Wu-Tang Clan producer RZA influenced him in his style,^[21]^[102] and has said on numerous occasions that Wu-Tang rappers Ghostface Killah and Ol' Dirty Bastard were some of his all-time favorites, "Wu-Tang? Me and my friends talk about this all the time... We think Wu-Tang had one of the biggest impacts as far as a movement. From slang to style of dress, skits, the samples. Similar to the [production] style I use, RZA has been doing that."^[103] RZA himself has spoken quite positively of the comparisons, stating in an interview for Rolling Stone, "All good. I got super respect for Kanye. He came up to me about a year or two ago. He gave me mad praising and blessings... For people to say Wu-Tang inspire Kanye, Kanye is one of the biggest artists in the world. That goes back to what we say: 'Wu-Tang is forever.' Kanye is going to inspire people to be like him."^[104] After hearing his work on The Blueprint, RZA claimed that a torch-passing had occurred between him and West, saying, "The shoes gotta be filled. If you ain't gonna do it, somebody else is gonna do it. That's how I feel about rap today."^[104]

West accompanied by an eleven-piece chamber orchestra

While his use of sampling has lessened over time, West's production continues to feature distinctive and intricate string arrangements. This characteristic arose from him listening to the English trip hop group Portishead, whose 1998 live album Roseland NYC Live, with the New York Philharmonic Orchestra inspired him to incorporate string sections into his hip hop production.^[2] Though he was unable to afford live instruments beyond violin riffs provided by Israeli violinist Miri Ben-Ari around the time of his debut album, its subsequent commercial success allowed him to hire his very own eleven-piece string orchestra. For a time, West stood as the sole current pop star to tour with a string section.^[2]

West has stated on several occasions that outside of work, he favors listening to rock music over hip-hop. He cites Franz Ferdinand, Red Hot Chili Peppers, and The Killers as some of his favorite musical groups. Additionally, on Graduation, West drew inspiration from arena rock bands such as U2, The Rolling Stones and Led Zeppelin for melody and chord progression.^[105] Both a fan and supporter of indie culture, West uses his official website to promote obscure indie rock bands, posting up music videos and mp3s on a daily basis.^[106] This musical affinity is mutual, as West has collaborated with indie artists such as Santigold, Peter Bjorn and John, and Lykke Li while his songs have gone on to be covered countless times by myriad rock bands.^[107]

Personal life [link]

Relationships [link]

Kanye West and designer Alexis Phifer ended their 18-month engagement in 2008. The couple had been dating on and off since 2002, with West eventually proposing in August 2006. According to a friend, the couple's relationship had become increasingly strained, burdened by the sheer amount of time and attention West was dedicating to his current concert tour. "It's always sad when things like this end, and we remain friends," Phifer told People.^[108]

West was also in a high profile on/off relationship with Amber Rose from 2008 until the summer of 2010. He is now reportedly dating reality star Kim Kardashian.^[109]

Mother's death [link]

Donda West in August 2007

On November 10, 2007, West's mother, Donda West, died of complications from cosmetic surgery involving abdominoplasty and breast reduction.^[110] TMZ reported that Beverly Hills plastic surgeon Andre Aboolian refused to do the surgery because Donda West had a health condition that placed her at risk for a heart attack.^[110] Aboolian referred her to an internist to investigate her cardiac issue.^[110] Donda never met with the doctor recommended by Aboolian and had the procedures performed by a third doctor, Jan Adams.^[110] She was 58 years old (1949–2007).

Adams sent condolences to Donda West's family but declined to publicly discuss the procedure because of confidentiality.^[111] He had previously been under scrutiny by the medical board.^[112]^[113]^[114] Adams appeared on Larry King Live on November 20, 2007 but left before speaking. Two days later, he appeared again, with his attorney, stating he was there to "defend himself." He said that the recently released autopsy results "spoke for themselves".^[115] The final coroner's report January 10, 2008 concluded that Donda West died of "coronary artery disease and multiple post-operative factors due to or as a consequence of liposuction and mammoplasty."^[116]

The funeral and burial for Donda West was held in Oklahoma City on November 20, 2007.^[117] West held his first concert following the funeral at The O2 in London on November 22. He dedicated a performance of "Hey Mama", as well as a cover of Journey's "Don't Stop Believin'", to his mother, and did so on all other dates of his Glow in the Dark tour.^[118]

At a December 2008 press conference in New Zealand, West spoke about his mother's death for the first time. "It was like losing an arm and a leg and trying to walk through that," he told reporters.^[119]

California governor Arnold Schwarzenegger passed the "Donda West Law," a legislation which makes it mandatory for patients to provide medical clearance for elective cosmetic surgery.^[120]

Legal issues [link]

In December 2006, Robert "Evel" Knievel sued West for trademark infringement in West's video for "Touch the Sky." Knievel took issue with a "sexually charged video" in which West takes on the persona of "Evel Kanyevel" and attempts flying a rocket over a canyon. The suit filed in federal court claims infringement on his trademarked name and likeness. Knievel also claims the "vulgar and offensive" images depicted in the video damage his reputation. The suit seeks damages and to stop distribution of the video.^[121] West's attorneys argued that the music video amounted to satire and therefore was covered under the First Amendment. Just days before his death in November 2007, Knievel amicably settled the suit after being paid a visit from West, saying, "I thought he was a wonderful guy and quite a gentleman."^[122]

On September 11, 2008, West and his road manager/bodyguard Don "Don C." Crowley were arrested at Los Angeles International Airport and booked on charges of felony vandalism after an altercation with the paparazzi in which West and Crowley broke the photographers' cameras.^[123]^[124] West was later released from the Los Angeles Police Department's Pacific Division station in Culver City on $20,000 bail bond. On September 26, 2008 the Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office said it would not file felony counts against West over the incident. Instead the case file was forwarded to the city attorney's office, which charged West with one count of misdemeanor vandalism, one count of grand theft and one count of battery and his manager with three counts of each on March 18, 2009.^[125] West's and Crowley's arraignment was delayed from an original date of April 14, 2009.^[126]

West was arrested again on November 14, 2008 at the Hilton hotel near Gateshead after another scuffle involving a photographer outside the famous Tup Tup Palace nightclub in Newcastle Upon Tyne. He was later released "with no further action", according to a police spokesperson.^[127]

Controversies [link]

General media [link]

West has had several controversies throughout his career. On September 2, 2005, during a benefit concert for Hurricane Katrina relief on NBC, A Concert for Hurricane Relief, West was a featured speaker. When West was presenting alongside actor Mike Myers, he deviated from the prepared script. Myers spoke next and continued to read the script. Once it was West's turn to speak again, he said "George Bush doesn't care about black people." At this point, telethon producer Rick Kaplan cut off the microphone and then cut away to Chris Tucker, who was unaware of the cut for a few seconds. Still, West's comment reached much of the United States.^[128]^[129] Bush stated in an interview that the comment was "one of the most disgusting moments” of his presidency.^[130]

In January 2006, West again sparked controversy when he appeared on the cover of Rolling Stone in the image of Jesus wearing a crown of thorns.^[131]

In November, 2010, in a taped interview with Matt Lauer for the Today Show, West expressed regret for his criticism of Bush. "I would tell George Bush in my moment of frustration, I didn't have the grounds to call him a racist," he told Lauer. "I believe that in a situation of high emotion like that we as human beings don't always choose the right words." The following day, Bush reacted to the apology in a live interview with Lauer saying he appreciated the rapper's remorse. "I'm not a hater," Bush said. "I don't hate Kanye West. I was talking about an environment in which people were willing to say things that hurt. Nobody wants to be called a racist if in your heart you believe in equality of races."

Reactions were mixed, but some felt that West had no need to apologize. "It was not the particulars of your words that mattered, it was the essence of a feeling of the insensitivity towards our communities that many of us have felt for far too long," noted Def Jam co-founder Russell Simmons.^[132] Dr. Boyce Watkins said that West was, "now part of the establishment, where waffling on your principles is fully expected. Bush deserved no apology, for you don’t apologize to a criminal after repudiating him for an egregious crime.^[133] " Bush himself was receptive to the apology, saying, "I appreciate that. It wasn't just Kanye West who was talking like that during Katrina, I cited him as an example, I cited others as an example as well. You know, I appreciate that."^[134]

Award shows [link]

In 2004, West had his first of a number of incidents involving music award events. At the American Music Awards of 2004, West stormed out of the auditorium after losing Best New Artist to country singer Gretchen Wilson. He later commented, "I felt like I was definitely robbed [...] I was the best new artist this year."^[135] After the 2006 Grammy nominations were released, West said he would "really have a problem" if he did not win the Album of the Year, saying, "I don't care what I do, I don't care how much I stunt – you can never take away from the amount of work I put into it. I don't want to hear all of that politically correct stuff."^[136] On November 2, 2006, when his "Touch the Sky" failed to win Best Video at the MTV Europe Music Awards, West went onto the stage as the award was being presented to Justice and Simian for "We Are Your Friends" and argued that he should have won the award instead.^[137]^[138] Hundreds of news outlets worldwide criticized the outburst. On November 7, 2006, West apologized for this outburst publicly during his performance as support act for U2 for their Vertigo concert in Brisbane.^[139] He later spoofed the incident in the season premiere of Saturday Night Live.

On September 9, 2007, West suggested that his race had to do with his being overlooked for opening the 2007 MTV Video Music Awards (VMAs) in favor of Britney Spears; he claimed, "Maybe my skin’s not right."^[140] West was performing at the event; that night, he lost all 5 awards that he was nominated for, including Best Male Artist and Video of the Year. After the show, he was visibly upset that he had lost at the VMAs two years in a row, stating that he would not come back to MTV ever again. He also appeared on several radio stations saying that when he made the song "Stronger" that it was his dream to open the VMAs with it. He has also stated that Spears has not had a hit in a long period of time and that MTV exploited her for ratings.^[141]

On September 13, 2009, during the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards while Taylor Swift was accepting her award for Best Female Video for "You Belong with Me", West went on stage and grabbed the microphone to proclaim that Beyoncé's video for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)", nominated for the same award, was "one of the best videos of all time". He was subsequently removed from the remainder of the show for his actions.^[142]^[143]^[144] When Beyoncé later won the award for Best Video of the Year for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)", she called Swift up on stage so that she could finish her acceptance speech.^[142] West was criticized by various celebrities for the outburst,^[143]^[145]^[146]^[147]^[148] and by President Barack Obama, who called West a "jackass".^[149]^[150]^[151]^[152]^[153] In addition, West's VMA disruption sparked a large influx of Internet photo memes with blogs, forums and "tweets" with the "Let you finish" photo-jokes.^[154] Subsequently, West posted two apologies for the outburst on his personal blog; one on the night of the incident and the other the same day he appeared on The Jay Leno Show, on September 14, 2009, where he apologized again.^[146]^[155] After Swift appeared on The View two days after the outburst, partly to discuss the matter, West called her to apologize personally. Swift said she accepted his apology.^[156]^[157]^[158] In September 2010, West wrote a series of apologetic tweets addressed to Swift including "Beyonce didn't need that. MTV didn't need that and Taylor and her family friends and fans definitely didn't want or need that" and concluding with "I'm sorry Taylor." West also revealed he had written a song for Swift and if she did not accept the song, he would perform it himself.^[159] However, on November 8, 2010, in an interview with a Minnesota radio station, West seemed to recant a bit of his past apologies by attempting to describe the act at the 2009 awards show as "selfless" and downgrade the perception of disrespect it created.^[160]^[161]

Discography [link]

Main articles: Kanye West discography and Kanye West production discography

Solo Albums

The College Dropout (2004)
Late Registration (2005)
Graduation (2007)
808s & Heartbreak (2008)
My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy (2010)

Collaborations

Watch the Throne (2011) – with Jay-Z
Cruel Summer (2012) – with GOOD Music artists^[87]

Filmography [link]

We Were Once a Fairytale (2009)
Runaway (2010)
Cruel Summer (2012)

Awards and nominations [link]

Kanye West portal

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Kanye West

References [link]

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^ "Kanye West". Metacritic. http://www.metacritic.com/search/process?sort=relevance&ts=kanye+west. Retrieved April 24, 2008.
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^ "GOOD Music". GOOD Music. http://www.gettingoutourdreams.com/. Retrieved April 24, 2008.
^ Daly, Sean (December 26, 2004). "From Beyonce to Bono to Bruce, Busy B's Held Sway in Pop". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A24383-2004Dec24.html. Retrieved April 24, 2008.
^ Henry Adaso; Ivan Rott, Renato P., Bhaskar S., Henry A.. "Top 50 Hip-Hop Producers". About.com. p. 8. http://rap.about.com/od/toppicks/ss/Top50Producers_8.htm. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
^ Reid, Shaheem (May 16, 2008). "'Hottest MCs In The Game': No.1 Kanye West". Mtv. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1587618/20080516/west_kanye.jhtml. Retrieved July 18, 2009.
^ Clem Rusty (December, 19, 2010). "Kanye west voted as the man of the year.". http://www.mtv.com/videos/news/607312/man-of-the-year-kanye-west.jhtml#id=1654060.
^ "Top Producers of the decade.". May, 21, 2011. http://realtalkny.uproxx.com/2009/12/topic/topic/news/billboards-top-10-producers-of-the-decade/.
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^ "Kanye West Unleashes Tirade After Losing at MTV Europe Music Awards". Fox News. November 3, 2006. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,227304,00.html. Retrieved April 24, 2008.
^ "EMAs Shocker: Kanye Stage Invasion!". MTV. Archived from the original on June 3, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070603120826/http://www.mtv.co.uk/channel/mtvuk/news/02112006/emas_shocker_kanye_stage_invasion. Retrieved June 7, 2007.
^ Olsen, Jan M. (November 3, 2006). "Kanye West Upset at MTV Video Award Loss". Fox News. http://www.foxnews.com/wires/2006Nov03/0,4670,MTVAwardsKanye,00.html. Retrieved April 24, 2008.
^ "Kanye West Jealous Of Britney Opening The VMAs". Britney Spy. Archived from the original on April 24, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080424051758/http://www.britneyspy.com/2007/09/09/kanye-west-jealous-of-britney-opening-the-vmas/. Retrieved April 24, 2008.
^ "Kanye West Loses It Again, Says He'll 'Never Return To MTV': Report". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1569313/20070910/west_kanye.jhtml. Retrieved April 24, 2008.
^ ^a ^b "Kanye West Storms the VMAs Stage During Taylor Swift's Speech". Rolling Stone. September 13, 2009. http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/kanye-west-storms-the-vmas-stage-during-taylor-swifts-speech-20090913?rand=84857. Retrieved September 13, 2009.
^ ^a ^b Respers, Lisa (September 14, 2009). "Anger over West's disruption at MTV awards". CNN. http://www.cnn.com/2009/SHOWBIZ/09/14/kanye.west.reaction/index.html. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
^ Vozick, Simon (September 13, 2009). "Kanye West interrupts Taylor Swift's VMAs moment: What was he thinking? by Simon Vozick-Levinson". Entertainment Weekly. http://music-mix.ew.com/2009/09/13/kanye-west-taylor-swift/. Retrieved September 5, 2010.
^ "2009 MTV Video Music Awards – Best Female Video". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/2009/best-female-video/. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
^ ^a ^b Martens, Todd; Villarreal, Yvonne (September 15, 2009). "Kanye West expresses Swift regret on blog and 'The Jay Leno Show'". Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/music/la-et-kanye-fallout15-2009sep15,0,4346169.story. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
^ "Adam Lambert, Donald Trump, Joe Jackson Slam Kanye West's VMA Stunt". MTV. September 13, 2009. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621475/.../swift__taylor.jhtml. Retrieved September 13, 2009.
^ Shaheem Reid and Rahman Dukes (September 15, 2009). "50 Cent Slams Kanye West For VMA Outburst". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621544/20090915/50_cent.jhtml. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
^ "Obama calls Kanye West a jackass". BBC News. September 16, 2009. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/8258330.stm. Retrieved September 16, 2009.
^ Gavin, Patrick (September 15, 2009). "Obama calls Kanye 'jackass'". The Politico. http://www.politico.com/click/stories/0909/did_obama_call_kanye_a_jackass.html. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
^ "Audio: President Obama Calls Kanye West a 'Jackass'". People. September 15, 2009. http://www.people.com/package/article/0,,20302940_20304704,00.html. Retrieved September 16, 2009.
^ "Obama Calls Kanye West a 'Jackass'". Fox News. September 15, 2009. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2009/09/15/obama-calls-kanye-west-jackass/. Retrieved September 16, 2009.
^ "Obama Calls Kanye a 'Jackass' – The Audio". TMZ. September 15, 2009. http://www.tmz.com/2009/09/15/obama-calls-kanye-a-jackass/. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
^ Anderson, Kyle (September 16, 2009). "Kanye West's VMA Interruption Gives Birth To Internet Photo Meme". MTV. http://newsroom.mtv.com/2009/09/16/kanye-wests-vma-interruption-photos/. Retrieved October 3, 2009.
^ Booth, Jenny (September 14, 2009). "Kanye West spoils the show at MTV awards". The Times (London). http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/article6833664.ece. Retrieved September 14, 2009.
^ Vena, Jocelyn (September 15, 2009). "Taylor Swift Tells 'The View' Kanye West Hasn't Contacted Her. The country star discusses her reaction to the VMA incident.". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1621550/2009915/swift__taylor.jhtml. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
^ "Taylor Swift visits 'The View,' accepts Kanye apology". New York Post. May 15, 2009. http://www.nypost.com/p/blogs/tvblogs/taylor_swift_visits_the_view_accepts_iW7OOuj6BQpLe1oX8TVFNM. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
^ "Kanye calls Taylor Swift after ‘View’ appearance". The Associated Press/MSNBC. September 15, 2009. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32861800/ns/entertainment-music/. Retrieved September 16, 2009.
^ Devon Thomas (September 7, 2010). "Kanye West Writes Song In Honor of Taylor Swift". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-31749_162-20015747-10391698.html. Retrieved September 7, 2010.
^ "VIDEO: Kanye West Backtracks On Taylor Swift Apology". http://www.radaronline.com/exclusives/2010/11/video-kanye-west-backtracks-taylor-swift-apology.
^ "Kanye West Backtracks On Taylor Swift Apology". http://dimewars.com/Blog/ViewBlogArticle.aspx?vn=Kanye+West+Backtracks+On+Taylor+Swift+Apology&BlogID=487b238f-9fac-4228-b9ba-7c29bdfe8528.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Kanye West

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Kanye West

Official website
Kanye West at Allmusic
Kanye West at Beatbuggy
Kanye West at the Internet Movie Database

Kanye West related articles

v t e Kanye West

Discography Production discography Awards and nominations

Studio albums	The College Dropout (2004) Late Registration (2005) Graduation (2007) 808s & Heartbreak (2008) My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy (2010)

Collaborations	Watch the Throne (with Jay-Z) Cruel Summer (with GOOD Music)

Live albums	Late Orchestration VH1 Storytellers

Mixtapes	Freshmen Adjustment Freshmen Adjustment 2 Freshmen Adjustment 3 Can't Tell Me Nothing

DVDs	The College Dropout Video Anthology Late Orchestration

Films	We Were Once a Fairytale Runaway Cruel Summer

Tours	Vertigo Tour (2005) (opening act) School Spirit Tour (2006) Touch The Sky Tour (2007) Glow in the Dark Tour (2008) Fame Kills: Starring Kanye West and Lady Gaga (2009) Watch the Throne Tour (2011)

Books	Glow in the Dark

Related articles	Roc-A-Fella Records GOOD Music G.O.O.D. Fridays Child Rebel Soldier Nike Air Yeezy

Book Category Portal

v t e Kanye West singles

Discography

The College Dropout	"Through the Wire" "Slow Jamz" "All Falls Down" "Jesus Walks" "The New Workout Plan"

Late Registration	"Diamonds from Sierra Leone" "Gold Digger" "Heard 'Em Say" "Touch the Sky" "Drive Slow"

Graduation	"Can't Tell Me Nothing" "Stronger" "Good Life" "Flashing Lights" "Homecoming"

808s & Heartbreak	"Love Lockdown" "Heartless" "Amazing" "Paranoid"

My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy	"Power" "Runaway" "Monster" "All of the Lights"

Watch the Throne	"H•A•M" "Otis" "Lift Off" "Niggas in Paris" "Why I Love You" "Gotta Have It" "No Church in the Wild"

Cruel Summer	"Mercy" "Cold"

Non-album singles	"Classic (Better Than I've Ever Been)"

Featured singles	"Talk About Our Love" "The Food" "I Changed My Mind" "Down and Out" "The Corner" "Go!" "Number One" "Extravaganza" "Number One" "Wouldn't Get Far" "I Still Love H.E.R." "Pro Nails" "Finer Things" "American Boy" "Put On" "Stay Up! (Viagra)" "Swagga Like Us" "Go Hard" "Knock You Down" "Kinda Like a Big Deal" "Walkin' on the Moon" "Supernova" "Maybach Music 2" "Make Her Say" "Digital Girl" "Run This Town" "Forever" "We Are the World 25 for Haiti" "Erase Me" "Start It Up" "Hurricane 2.0" "E.T." "Marvin & Chardonnay"

Other songs	"I'll Fly Away" "Hey Mama" "Us Placers" "Good Morning" "Champion" "Big Brother" "Welcome to Heartbreak" "See You in My Nightmares" "Dark Fantasy" "Gorgeous" "So Appalled" "See Me Now" "Devil in a New Dress" "Lost in the World" "Who Gon Stop Me"

Book Category Portal

v t e Def Jam Recordings

Founders	Russell Simmons Rick Rubin

Current artists	2 Chainz Ameriie Asher Roth Big Boi Big Sean Brutha Chrisette Michele DJ Clue? The-Dream Electrik Red Fabolous Fast Life Yungstaz Ghostface Killah Jadakiss Jennifer Lopez Jeremih Juelz Santana Kanye West Karina LL Cool J Ludacris Method Man Method Man & Redman Nas Patti LaBelle Pusha T Redman Rick Ross Rihanna Ron Isley Sheek Louch Shyne The Roots Triple C's U.S.D.A YG Young Jeezy

Former artists	3rd Bass Ace Hood Alyson Williams Ashanti Beanie Sigel Beastie Boys B.G. Knocc Out Bobby V Boss Cam'ron Capone-N-Noreaga Case Chingy Cormega Cru Davy D Def Squad The Diplomats DJ Richie Rich DMX Domino Downtown Science The Dove Shack Dresta Dru Hill EPMD Fam-Lay Flatlinerz Foxy Brown Funkmaster Flex Flesh-n-Bone I-20 Ja Rule Jay-Z Jayo Felony Joe Budden · Jonell Keith Murray Kelly Price Lady Gaga Lady Luck Lil Ru Lil Scrappy Lloyd LovHer Megan Rochell MoKenStef Montell Jordan Musiq Soulchild Ne-Yo Nikki D N.O.R.E. Nice & Smooth Nicole Wray N-Dubz Onyx Oran "Juice" Jones Peedi Peedi Pete Nice Playa Rell Rev Run Richie Rich Rocko Scarface Selan Lerner Shareefa Shawnna Sisqó Slayer Slick Rick South Central Cartel Terminator X Terri Walker Unladylike Warren G WC Y?N-Vee

Roc-A-Fella Records

Former artists

Allen Anthony · Amil · Aztek Escobar · Billy Gamble & Jackie O. · Bink · Beanie Sigel · Cam'ron · Casha · Christion · Da Ranjahz · DJ Clue · Foxy Brown · Freeway · Freekey Zekey · Grafh · Hector "El Father" · Jadakiss · Jay-Z · Jim Jones · Just Blaze · Juelz Santana · Kanye West · Lil' Red · M.O.P. · Memphis Bleek · Neef Buck · Neo Da Matrix · Nicole Wray · N.O.R.E. · Ol' Dirty Bastard · Omillio Sparks · Oschino · Oschino & Sparks · Peedi Peedi · Rell · Rick Vocals · Samantha Ronson · Sauce Money · State Property · Teairra Marí · The Diplomats · Tru-Life · Uncle Murda · Young Chris · Young Gunz · Young Steff

v t e GOOD Music

Founder	Kanye West

Current artists	John Legend Big Sean Kid Cudi Mr Hudson Cyhi the Prynce Mos Def Pusha T D'banj Q-Tip Teyana Taylor

Former artists	GLC Really Doe Sa-Ra Tony Williams Consequence Common

Releases	Cruel Summer

Singles	"Mercy" "Cold"

Related articles	GOOD Fridays Cruel Summer (film)

Persondata
Name	West, Kanye Omari
Alternative names
Short description	Rapper, record producer
Date of birth	June 8, 1977
Place of birth	Atlanta, Georgia
Date of death
Place of death

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanye_West

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DJ Khaled

Background information
Birth name	Khaled Bin Abdul Khaled
Born	(1975-11-26) November 26, 1975 (age 36) New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S.
Origin	Miami, Florida, U.S.
Genres	Hip hop
Occupations	Disc jockey, radio personality, record producer & rapper
Years active	1998–present
Labels	We the Best, Terror Squad, Cash Money, Universal Republic
Associated acts	Rick Ross, Fat Joe, Jadakiss, Akon, Cool & Dre, T-Pain, Nicki Minaj, Lil Wayne, Trick Daddy, Ace Hood, Pitbull, Ludacris, Drake, Birdman, Young Jeezy, Busta Rhymes, Plies
Website	www.myspace.com/djkhaled

Khaled Bin Abdul Khaled (born November 26, 1975),^[1] better known by his stage name DJ Khaled, is an American record producer, radio personality, DJ, rapper & record label executive. He is a radio host for the Miami-based urban music radio station WEDR and the DJ for the hip hop group Terror Squad. In 2006, Khaled released his debut album Listennn... the Album. He went on to release We the Best (2007), We Global (2008), Victory (2010), and We the Best Forever (2011). In 2009, Khaled became the president of record label Def Jam South.

1 Biography
2 Discography
3 Awards and nominations
4 References
5 External links

Biography [link]

Khaled was born in New Orleans, Louisiana.^[2]^[3] He is of Palestinian descent^[1] and lives in Sunny Isles, Florida.^[4] Currently, he hosts the weeknight program TakeOver on Miami-based urban music radio station WEDR with fellow host K. Foxx; Khaled states that he has worked for the station professionally since 2003. Early in his career he dj'd for a south Florida regional station Power 96.5 FM.^[2] In 1998, Khaled worked as a "sidekick" for Miami rapper Luther Campbell for Campbell's Friday night WEDR radio show The Luke Show.^[5] In his albums, Khaled usually provides "shoutouts" that assert his representation of "the ghetto" and urges people to listen.^[6] From 2004 to 2006, Khaled assisted in the production of the hip-hop albums Real Talk by Fabolous, True Story by Terror Squad, All or Nothing by Fat Joe, and Me, Myself, & I by Fat Joe.^[7] Many of DJ Khaled's songs are known to entice the listener by hip hop chanting his name before the song starts. Khaled represents the Kendall area of Miami. He is Muslim. He is currently engaged to Nicole Tuck.

[edit] 2006: Listennn... the Album

On June 6, 2006, his debut album Listennn... the Album was released by Koch Records; it premiered on the Billboard 200 chart at #12.^[8]

[edit] 2007: We the Best

We the Best followed in 2007 with singles "I'm So Hood" with T-Pain, Trick Daddy, Plies, and Rick Ross and "We Takin' Over" with Akon, T.I., Rick Ross, Fat Joe, Birdman, and Lil Wayne. "We Takin' Over" peaked at #28 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #11 on the Hot Rap Tracks chart and was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on November 20, 2007.^[9] Khaled made a guest appearance on the single "100 Million" from Birdman's 2007 album 5 * Stunna; the single also featured Rick Ross, Dre, Young Jeezy and Lil Wayne. That year, Khaled won two Ozone Awards: one for Best Video ("We Takin' Over") and another for Best Radio DJ.^[10]

[edit] 2008–2009: We Global

In 2008, Khaled's third album We Global came out with singles "Out Here Grindin" with Akon, Rick Ross, Lil' Boosie, Trick Daddy, Ace Hood, and Plies, followed by "Go Hard" featuring Kanye West and T-Pain. RIAA certified the single "I'm So Hood" Platinum on June 4, 2008.^[9] That year, Khaled won DJ of the Year awards from the BET Hip Hop Awards and Ozone Awards.^[11]^[12]

He was appointed the president of Def Jam South in 2009.^[13]

[edit] 2009–2010: Victory

His fourth studio is titled Victory and was released in early 2010. The album featured guest appearances from Drake, Lil Wayne, Rick Ross, Nas, Snoop Dogg, Ludacris, Nelly and more. The single "All I Do Is Win" featuring Ludacris, Rick Ross, Snoop Dogg and T-Pain was certified as a double-platinum single. Other singles include: "Put Your Hands Up" featuring Ross, Young Jeezy, Plies and Schife, and "Fed Up" featuring Usher, Drake, Ross and Jeezy. The album had low sales and debuted at #12 on the Billboard 200.

[edit] 2011–present: We the Best Forever & Kiss the Ring

DJ Khaled announced the title of the album, We the Best Forever, on Twitter.^[14] On August 19, Khaled signed to Cash Money Records along to Universal Motown, the album will be released under the label, also under E1 Entertainment, Terror Squad, Def Jam South and Khaled's own label We the Best Music Group, with confirmed guests as Fat Joe, Chris Brown, Keyshia Cole, Cee Lo Green, Cool & Dre, Rick Ross, Kanye West, Jay-Z, Nas, Birdman, Lil Wayne, T.I., Akon, Drake and Nicki Minaj^[15]^[16]^[17]^[18] The first single titled "Welcome to My Hood", featuring Rick Ross, Plies, Lil Wayne and T-Pain was released in January 13 of 2011, which was produced by The Renegades, and co-produced by DJ Khaled himself and The Nasty Beatmakers. The song is the first released under Cash Money Records and Universal Motown,^[19] a music video was filmed in Miami, Florida and directed by Gil Green, featuring cameos by Flo Rida, Bow Wow, Busta Rhymes, and other artists.^[20] The next single, "I'm On One", featuring Drake, Rick Ross and Lil Wayne, was released on May 20, 2011. It debuted at #10 on the Hot 100, becoming Khaled's and Ross' highest charting song. "I'm The One" also reached the number-one spot on the Rap and Hip-Hop/R&B Songs charts, becoming Khaled's first #1 song on both charts. It was #1 on the R&B/Hip-Hop chart for 11 non-consecutive weeks, and on the Rap chart for 13 consecutive weeks, the third most of any rap song on the latter chart. The song also got a triple-platinum certification, which is Khaled's and Ross' first. We the Best Forever debuted on the Billboard 200 at #5, selling 53,000 copies. It is his most successful album. The album also debuted at #1 on the Rap Albums chart, becoming his first number-one album on that chart. On December 10, 2011 DJ Khaled announced the title of his next album, Kiss The Ring, via a video, with the release date as "coming soon", presumed 2012.^[21] DJ Khaled is working on the project with T-Pain, R. Kelly, Nas, Plies, Ice Cube, Ace Hood, Kanye West, Ryan Leslie, Rick Ross & Maybach Music Group artists (Meek Mill & More), Drake, Young Money & Cash Money artists and many more. Khaled mentioned that he has a verse from someone very special. The first single released was "Take It to the Head" featuring Chris Brown, Rick Ross, Nicki Minaj and Lil Wayne.

Performances [link]

DJ Khaled performed at BET Awards 2011 with Drake, Rick Ross, and Lil Wayne which aired on June 26, 2011.^[22]

Discography [link]

Main article: DJ Khaled discography

2006: Listennn... the Album
2007: We the Best
2008: We Global
2010: Victory
2011: We the Best Forever
2012: Kiss the Ring^[21]^[23]

Awards and nominations [link]

BET Awards
- 2008, Best Collaboration ("I'm So Hood (Remix)") with Young Jeezy, Ludacris, Busta Rhymes, Big Boi, Lil Wayne, Fat Joe, Birdman, & Rick Ross (Nominated)^[24]

BET Hip Hop Awards
- 2009, DJ of the Year (nominated)
- 2008, DJ of the Year (Won)^[25]
- 2008, MVP of the Year (nominated)^[26]
- 2008, Best Collabo ("I'm So Hood (Remix)") with Young Jeezy, Ludacris, Busta Rhymes, Big Boi, Lil Wayne, Fat Joe, Birdman, & Rick Ross (Won)^[27]
- 2007, People's Champ Award ("We Takin' Over") with Akon, T.I., Rick Ross, Fat Joe, Birdman, & Lil Wayne (nominated)^[28]
- 2007, Best Hip-Hop Collabo ("We Takin' Over") with Akon, T.I., Rick Ross, Fat Joe, Birdman, & Lil Wayne (nominated)^[29]

Grammy Awards
- 2012, Best Rap/Sung Collaboration: "I'm On One" (nominated)w/ Drake, Lil' Wayne, Rick Ross & Birdman

Ozone Awards
- 2008, DJ of the Year (Won)^[30]

References [link]

^ ^a ^b Kellman, Andy (2008). "DJ Khaled > Biography". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p672134. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
^ ^a ^b "Jamz Jocks – DJ Khaled". WEDR. http://www.wedr.com/news/entertainment/personalities/dj-khaled/nFrS/. Retrieved September 5, 2011.
^ Lewis, Jasmine (August 22, 2007). "DJ Khaled: Taking Over Miami". Rap Pages. http://www.rappagesmagazine.com/a2b/07081603.html.
^ Garcia-Roberts, Gus (November 20, 2008). "These granite countertops is THE BEST!: DJ Khaled lists his house". Riptide 2.0. http://blogs.miaminewtimes.com/cultist/2008/11/these_granite_countertops_is_t.php. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
^ Korten, Tristram (November 5, 1998). "Faithful As I Wanna Be". Miami New Times. http://www.miaminewtimes.com/1998-11-05/news/faithful-as-i-wanna-be/. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
^ Jeffries, David (June 12, 2007). "We the Best > Overview". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r1067819. Retrieved December 14, 2008.
^ "DJ Khaled > Credits". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p672134. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
^ Harris, Chris (June 14, 2006). "AFI Score First Billboard #1; Ice Cube And Yung Joc Open Big". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1534263/20060614/afi.jhtml. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
^ ^a ^b "Gold and Platinum – DJ Khaled". RIAA. http://riaa.org/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&action=&title=&artist=DJ%20Khaled&format=&debutLP=&category=&sex=&releaseDate=&requestNo=&type=&level=&label=&company=&certificationDate=&awardDescription=&catalogNo=&aSex=&rec_id=&charField=&gold=&platinum=&multiPlat=&level2=&certDate=&album=&id=&after=&before=&startMonth=1&endMonth=1&startYear=1958&endYear=2008&sort=Artist&perPage=25. Retrieved December 13, 2008.
^ "Lil' Wayne & T-Pain Win Big At The Ozone Awards". RapSearch.com. August 14, 2007. http://www.rapsearch.com/news/article/lil--wayne--t-pain-win-big-at-the-ozone-awards. Retrieved December 14, 2008.
^ "DJ of the Year". BET. 2008. http://www.bet.com/Specials/hiphopawards08/Nominees/djoftheyear.htm.
^ Hale, Andreas (August 13, 2008). "2008 Ozone Awards Winners And Recap". HipHopDX. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.7501/title.2008-ozone-awards-winners-and-recap. Retrieved December 14, 2008.
^ "DJ Khaled Wants Hits – Not Beef – As President Of Def Jam South". Shaheem Reid. MTV Networks. February 19, 2009. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1605328/20090218/dj_khaled.jhtml. Retrieved May 25, 2009.
^ "DJ Khaled Begins Working On New Album". Rap Radar. 2010-08-15. http://rapradar.com/2010/08/15/dj-khaled-begins-working-on-new-album/. Retrieved 2012-03-19.
^ "DJ Khaled Joins Cash Money Records". Rap Radar. 2010-08-19. http://rapradar.com/2010/08/19/dj-khaled-joins-cash-money-records/. Retrieved 2012-03-19.
^ "DJ Khaled Recruits Lil Wayne, Chris Brown for New Album". Rap-Up.com. http://www.rap-up.com/2010/12/08/dj-khaled-recruits-lil-wayne-chris-brown-for-new-album/. Retrieved 2011-05-10.
^ Reid, Shaheem (2010-09-01). "DJ Khaled Says An Eminem Collabo Would 'Rip The Streets Apart' - Music, Celebrity, Artist News". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1647016/dj-khaled-eminem-collabo-would-rip-streets-apart.jhtml. Retrieved 2011-05-10.
^ Ryon, Sean (2011-02-08). "DJ Khaled Enlists Kanye West, Drake for Cash Money Debut | Get The Latest Hip Hop News, Rap News & Hip Hop Album Sales". HipHop DX. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.13997/title.dj-khaled-enlists-kanye-west-drake-for-cash-money-debut/. Retrieved 2011-05-10.
^ "New Music: DJ Khaled f/ Rick Ross, Plies, Lil Wayne & T-Pain – "Welcome to My Hood"". Rap-Up. 2011-01-13. http://www.rap-up.com/2011/01/13/new-music-dj-khaled-f-rick-ross-plies-lil-wayne-t-pain-welcome-to-my-hood//. Retrieved 2012-03-19.
^ "Behind the Video: DJ Khaled f/ T-Pain, Rick Ross, Lil Wayne, & Plies – ‘Welcome to My Hood’". Rap-Up.com. 2011-01-21. http://www.rap-up.com/2011/01/21/behind-the-video-dj-khaled-f-t-pain-rick-ross-lil-wayne-plies-welcome-to-my-hood/. Retrieved 2011-05-10.
^ ^a ^b Horowitz, Steven J. (2011-12-09). "DJ Khaled Announces New Album "Kiss The Ring" | Get The Latest Hip Hop News, Rap News & Hip Hop Album Sales". HipHop DX. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.17911/title.dj-khaled-announces-new-album-kiss-the-ring. Retrieved 2012-03-19.
^ "DJ Khaled Performing at BET Awards 2011". http://www.bet.com/shows/bet-awards/2011/performers/dj-khaled.html.
^ "DJ Khaled Announces New Album ‘Kiss the Ring’". Rap-Up.com. http://www.rap-up.com/2011/12/09/dj-khaled-announces-new-album-kiss-the-ring/. Retrieved 2012-03-19.
^ Best Collaboration. BET Awards 2008.
^ DJ of the Year. BET Hip Hop Awards, 2008.
^ MVP of the Year. BET Hip Hop Awards, 2008.
^ Best Collabo. BET Hip Hop Awards 2008.
^ Alltel People's Champ Award. BET Hip Hop Awards, 2007.
^ Best Hip-Hop Collabo. BET Hip Hop Awards, 2007.
^ Reid, Shaheem (August 12, 2008). "Rick Ross, T-Pain, Big Boi, David Banner Rock Ozone Awards In Houston Despite Pre-Show Scuffle". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1592610/20080812/ross__rick__rap_.jhtml. Retrieved May 9, 2009.

External links [link]

v t e DJ Khaled

Discography

Studio albums	Listennn... the Album We the Best We Global Victory We the Best Forever

Singles	"Holla at Me" "Born-N-Raised" "We Takin' Over" "I'm So Hood" "Out Here Grindin" "Go Hard" "Fed Up" "Put Your Hands Up" "All I Do Is Win" "Welcome to My Hood" "I'm On One" "It Ain't Over Til It's Over" "Take It to the Head"

Featured singles	"100 Million" "Foolish (Remix)" "For My Hood" "Cold"

Related articles	We the Best Terror Squad

v t e Def Jam South

Founders	Russell Simmons

Current artists	Mannie Fresh Ludacris Rick Ross DJ Khaled The-Dream Troy Gentile Yung Berg Ace Hood Young Jeezy USDA Slick Pulla Triple C's Big Sean Willy Northpole Brutha TK N CASH Unladylike Lil Fate Fast Life Yungstaz

Former artists	Bobby V Scarface Jarvis Lazy Eye LeLe Serius Jones Shawnna Blood Raw Shareefa Steph Jones Lil Scrappy I-20 Lil Ru

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Persondata
Name	Khaled, DJ
Alternative names	Khaled, Khaled Bin Abdul
Short description	American DJ
Date of birth	1975-11-26
Place of birth	New Orleans, Louisiana, United States
Date of death
Place of death

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For the American soccer player and coach, see Aaron Lewis (soccer).

Aaron Lewis
Lewis performs at the Rolling Rock Town Fair on August 4, 2001 Lewis performs at the Rolling Rock Town Fair on August 4, 2001
Background information
Born	(1972-04-13) April 13, 1972 (age 40) Rutland, Vermont
Origin	Longmeadow, Massachusetts, United States
Genres	Alternative metal, nu metal, post-grunge, country
Occupations	Musician, songwriter
Instruments	Vocals, guitar
Years active	1990–present
Labels	Flip, Elektra, Atlantic, Stroudavarious, R&J, Blaster
Associated acts	Staind
Website	www.aaronlewismusic.com

Aaron Lewis, (born April 13, 1972), is the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, and founding member of the rock group Staind, with whom he has released seven studio albums. He has since ventured into country music with his debut solo album, Town Line. The EP was released on March 1, 2011 on Stroudavarious Records. Lewis' first full-length solo release, The Road, will be released by Blaster Records on August 14, 2012.

1 Early life
2 Career
- 2.1 Solo career
- 2.2 Collaborations
3 Equipment
4 Personal life
5 Philanthropy
6 Discography
7 Awards and nominations
8 References
9 External links

Early life [link]

Lewis grew up, largely, in Longmeadow, Massachusetts, then moved to the Forest Park section of nearby Springfield from 8th grade through high school. His mother is Jewish with origins in Russia, Poland and Germany and his father is Catholic of Italian, Welsh and English origin.^[1] His hobbies include fishing, playing golf, riding his motorcycle and dirt bike, as well as hunting. He has worked in landscaping, cleaned hotel rooms, and played solo acoustic sets in bars, pool halls, restaurants and coffeehouses.

Career [link]

Lewis was, before Staind, in a band known as J-CAT^[2] with Tori Sands, Chris Ballini, and former Staind bandmate Jon Wysocki. An album surfaced on the internet with nine of J-CAT's performances at Club Infinity in Springfield, Massachusetts. The performances were recorded while Dysfunction was being recorded. Two of Staind's popular singles—"Outside" and "It's Been Awhile"—were both originally performed by J-CAT with somewhat different lyrics.

Solo career [link]

Lewis has been performing solo acoustic shows since he was 17 and still does today. He has written and performed many songs that have never been officially released such as "Angel", "Something Like Me", "Bonghits for Breakfast" (originally performed with J-CAT), "Anywhere but Here", and "Sleeping at the Wheel".

In July 2010, Lewis finished recording a country music EP entitled Town Line that was released March 1, 2011 on Stroudavarious Records. It features 7 tracks including 3 versions of the first single "Country Boy" featuring George Jones, Charlie Daniels, and Chris Young, as well as the songs "Massachusetts", "Vicious Circles", "The Story Never Ends", and a re-recording of "Tangled Up in You" originally from The Illusion of Progress.^[3] Lewis said in a July 2011 interview that he was introduced to country music as a child by his grandfather, but his interest was recently rekindled when he toured with Kid Rock.^[4]

Collaborations [link]

He was featured on the song "No Sex" by Limp Bizkit on their album Significant Other. He was also featured on a remix for the song "Crawling" on Linkin Park's album Reanimation (the remix is titled "Krwlng" on the album), as well as Cold's album 13 Ways to Bleed on Stage. He contributed vocals to the song "Follow" on Sevendust's third album, Animosity, and to the songs "Bleed" and "Send in the Clowns" by the band Cold. He's also featured on Jimmie's Chicken Shack's song "Falling Out", the only single off their 2004 album re.present. July 2011 while promoting his Town Line album Lewis collaborated with Corey Taylor for a one night only acoustic duet show covering songs such as, Pearl Jam's "Black", Pink Floyd's "Comfortably Numb", and Alice In Chains' "Down In A Hole."

Equipment [link]

1950 Gibson Acoustic J-45
1951 Gibson Acoustic Southern Jumbo
1936 Gibson Acoustic Jumbo J-35
1956 Gibson Les Paul Gold Top
1968 Gibson Les Paul Gold Top
1980's Gibson Heritage Series Les Pauls (At least 5)^[5]

Personal life [link]

He is married to Vanessa Lewis and has three daughters, Zoe Jane, Nyla Rae and Indie Shay. Aaron also has two sisters, Evyette and Rachel, as well as a brother, Jesse.^{[citation needed]}

Aaron Lewis is a registered Republican.^[6] He is a constitutional conservative and opposes high taxes, but supports marijuana use. His views were expressed in the song "Country Boy".^[7]^[8]

In a five minute interview with Outdoor Life magazine Aaron Lewis shared that he has been hunting whitetail deer since he was old enough to keep up in the woods, probably age 4 or 5. His preferred method of hunting deer is with a compound or recurve bow, and occasionally utilizes a muzzleloader.^[9]

Philanthropy [link]

On November 4, 2006, Aaron performed at his old high school in Longmeadow, Massachusetts and gave all the proceeds to the music department to fund the department's expenses to buy new equipment and supplies.^[10]^{[dead link]} Lewis' main focus, however, is the nonprofit organization, It Takes a Community, where he and his wife have started to reopen their daughters' elementary school in Worthington, Massachusetts.^[11] Lewis also drives an American GM.

Discography [link]

Studio albums [link]

Title	Album details
The Road	To be released: August 14, 2012 Label: Blaster Records Formats: CD, DI

Extended plays [link]

Title	EP details	Peak chart positions
Title	EP details	US ^[12]	US Country	US Rock	US Indie
Town Line	Release date: March 1, 2011 Label: Stroudavarious Records Formats: CD, DI	7	1	3	3

Singles [link]

Year	Song	Peak chart positions						Certifications (sales thresholds)	Album
Year	Song	US ^[13]	US Adult ^[14]	US Alt ^[15]	US Main ^[16]	US Country ^[17]	US Rock ^[18]	Certifications (sales thresholds)	Album
2000	"Outside" (with Fred Durst)	56	31	2	1	—	—		The Family Values Tour 1999
2011	"Country Boy" (with George Jones and Charlie Daniels)	87	—	—	23	50	39	US: Gold^[19]	Town Line
2012	"Endless Summer"^A					53			The Road
"—" denotes releases that did not chart

^ACurrent single.

Music videos [link]

Year	Song	Director
2010	"Country Boy" (with George Jones and Charlie Daniels)	Alex Castino
2012	"Endless Summer" (live)	Jim Wright

Awards and nominations [link]

Year	Association	Category	Result
2011	CMT Music Awards	USA Weekend Breakthrough Video of the Year - "Country Boy"^[20]	Nominated
2011	CMT Music Awards	Collaborative Video of the Year - "Country Boy" (with George Jones and Charlie Daniels)^[20]	Nominated

References [link]

^ "Faith .". STAIND. http://www.staind.com/forum/topics/faith-1?commentId=2223627%3AComment%3A172361. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ "J.C.A.T Biography". Archived from the original on October 24, 2009. http://www.webcitation.org/5klW9JcME.
^ "Aaron Lewis Talks "Town Line," Alice In Chains, Christmas and George Jones - ARTISTdirect News". Artistdirect.com. http://www.artistdirect.com/entertainment-news/article/aaron-lewis-talks-town-line-alice-in-chains-christmas-and-george-jones/8195933. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ "Aaron Lewis: Drastic Genre Crossover". Revuewm.com. http://www.revuewm.com/sounds/on-tour/item/1163-aaron-lewis-drastic-genre-crossover. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ "Staind's Aaron Lewis Loves Gibson Acoustics". Gibson.com. http://www.gibson.com/en-us/Lifestyle/Features/Staind_s%20Aaron%20Lewis/. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ "Mass Republican and Staind Front Man Aaron Lewis pens new TEA Party Anthem". Red Mass Group. http://redmassgroup.com/diary/9462/mass-republican-and-staind-front-man-aaron-lewis-pens-new-tea-party-anthem. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ "Massachusetts Republican Aaron Lewis of Staind shares his political beliefs with paper". Red Mass Group. http://redmassgroup.com/diary/11414/massachusetts-republican-aaron-lewis-of-staind-shares-his-political-beliefs-with-paper. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ "Aaron Lewis of Staind talks about solo country CD, politics, and why the folks at MTV should be burned at the stake". masslive.com. http://www.masslive.com/news/index.ssf/2011/02/aaron_lewis_of_staind_talks_ab.html. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ "5 Minutes with Aaron Lewis, Outdoor Life, June/July 2011, Page 124". Outdoorlife.com. http://www.outdoorlife.com/. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ http://www.atlanticrecords.com/news/article/?articleId=atlnewsarticle35600064
^ "Staind's Aaron Lewis Starts New Charity, Discusses Solo Debut". Billboard.com. September 14, 2009. http://www.billboard.com/news/staind-s-aaron-lewis-starts-new-charity-1004102263.story#/news/staind-s-aaron-lewis-starts-new-charity-1004102263.story. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ "Aaron Lewis Album & Song Chart History - Billboard 200". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/aaron-lewis/chart-history/161422?f=305&g=Albums. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
^ "Aaron Lewis Album & Song Chart History - Hot 100". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/aaron-lewis/chart-history/161422?f=379&g=Singles. Retrieved January 4, 2011.
^ "Aaron Lewis Album & Song Chart History - Adult Pop Songs". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/aaron-lewis/chart-history/161422?f=343&g=Singles. Retrieved January 4, 2011.
^ "Aaron Lewis Album & Song Chart History - Alternative Songs". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/aaron-lewis/chart-history/161422?f=377&g=Singles. Retrieved January 4, 2011.
^ "Aaron Lewis - Biles". Allmusic. Macrovision. http://allmusic.com/artist/aaron-lewis-p189097/charts-awards/billboard-singles. Retrieved January 4, 2011.
^ "Chart Highlights for January 24, 2011". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/column/chartbeat/chart-highlights-pop-rap-songs-more-1005010102.story. Retrieved January 24, 2011.
^ "Chart Highlights for January 31, 2011". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/#/column/chartbeat/chart-highlights-dance-club-play-latin-songs-1005016682.story. Retrieved January 31, 2011.
^ "American singles certifications – Aaron Lewis – Country Boy". Recording Industry Association of America. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?artist=%22Country+Boy%22. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select ', then click SEARCH
^ ^a ^b "It's Jason Aldean's Kinda Party: Leads CMT Music Awards Nominations". Roughstock. http://www.roughstock.com/blog/it-s-jason-aldean-s-kinda-party-leads-cmt-music-awards-nominations. Retrieved May 1, 2011.

The Darkness Within by Jenny Eliscu, Rolling Stone, July 19, 2001 (In depth interview, includes birthplace)

External links [link]

v t e Staind

Aaron Lewis Mike Mushok Johnny April Sal Giancarelli Jon Wysocki

Albums	Tormented Dysfunction Break the Cycle 14 Shades of Grey Chapter V The Illusion of Progress Staind

Compilations	The Singles: 1996-2006 iTunes Originals

Singles	"Just Go" "Mudshovel" "Home" "It's Been Awhile" "Outside" "Fade" "For You" "Epiphany" "Price to Play" "So Far Away" "How About You" "Zoe Jane" "Right Here" "Falling" "Everything Changes" "King of All Excuses" "Believe" "All I Want" "The Way I Am" "This Is It" "Not Again" "Something to Remind You" "Eyes Wide Open" "Now"

DVDs	MTV Unplugged Staind: The Videos

Other appearances	Take a Bite Outta Rhyme: A Rock Tribute to Rap

Related articles	Discography Aaron Lewis solo career

Persondata
Name	Lewis, Aaron
Alternative names
Short description	lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist, and founding member of the rock group Staind
Date of birth	April 13, 1972
Place of birth	Rutland, Vermont
Date of death
Place of death

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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (January 2012)

Lucy Schwartz
Birth name	Lucy Schwartz
Born	(1989-12-07) December 7, 1989 (age 22) Los Angeles, California, United States
Genres	Indie pop
Occupations	Singer, songwriter
Website	lucyschwartzmusic.com

Lucy Schwartz (born December 7, 1989) is an American singer and songwriter from Los Angeles, California.^[1] She received attention for a song she wrote and sang with Landon Pigg for the motion picture, Shrek Forever After, titled "Darling I Do".^[2]

1 Career
2 Discography, soundtracks and television appearances
3 References
4 External links

Career [link]

Schwartz had a duet with Aqualung on The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn, and has released the EP, "Keep Me".

Her album, Life in Letters, was released in 2010. She has had songs featured on a dozen television programs including Grey's Anatomy and Army Wives. Schwartz wrote the international theme song for NBC's show, Parenthood, and she has written original songs for numerous films including Twilight, Shrek Forever After, Mother and Child, Post Grad, Monte Carlo, Adam, and the Meg Ryan comedy, The Women.

Schwartz has toured with Lilith Fair, alongside Sarah McLachlan and Sheryl Crow and opened for The Weepies, Brandi Carlile, The Civil Wars, Agnes Obel, Toad the Wet Sprocket and The Belle Brigade.

She has worked with CHOC Children's Hospital, Rock n Roll Camp for Girls, Songs of Love for Japan and Symphony of Hope: The Haiti Project.

In December 2011, Act As If released a Christmas single, "Sleighbells & Reindeer," featuring Schwartz and Brian Fennell of Barcelona.

Discography, soundtracks and television appearances [link]

Albums [link]

Winter in June (2007)
Life in Letters (2010)

EPs [link]

Help Me! Help Me! (2010)
Keep Me (2011)

Original songs in movie soundtracks [link]

The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn - "Cold" (duet with Aqualung, written for the film)
Monte Carlo (2011) - "I Want The Sky"
Center Stage 2: Turn it Up (2008) - "Paper Plane"
Shrek Forever After ( 2010)—“Darling I do” (duet with Landon Pigg, written for the film)
Mother & Child (2009) —“Little One” (End title song, written for the film)
Post Grad (2009) — "Turn Back Around" (written for the film)
Adam (2009) — "Gone Away"
The Women (2008) — "Count On Me" (End title song, written for the film)
The Women (2008) — "Beautiful" (Opening song, written for the film)

TV theme song [link]

Parenthood - “When We Were Young” (written for the show, used internationally as the theme song)
Teen Wolf

Music videos [link]

"Graveyard" - choreographed by Sonya Tayeh of So You Think You Can Dance
"Darling I Do" with Landon Pigg. Written for Shrek Forever After.
"Gravity"
"Help Me! Help Me!"
"Forever Young" with John Doe. For Parenthood soundtrack
"I Don't Know a Thing"

References [link]

^ Varga, George (March 25, 2010). "Expect Lucy Schwartz to light up Beauty Bar". The San Diego Union-Tribune. http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2010/mar/25/expect-lucy-schwartz-light-beauty-bar/. Retrieved 2 January 2012.
^ "Your 3 Words: 'My Darling,' by Lucy Schwartz". abc News. May 21, 2011. http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/words-lucy-schwartz-y3w/story?id=13651360#.TwFvsdQ-Oto. Retrieved 2 January 2012.

External links [link]

Persondata
Name	Schwartz, Lucy
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	December 7, 1989
Place of birth	Los Angeles, California, United States
Date of death
Place of death

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[edit] 2010–present: My Beautiful Dark Twisted Fantasy and Watch the Throne

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[edit] 2006: Listennn... the Album

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