Nfl

Monday, 29 October 2012

NFL 2012 Week 4 San Francisco 49ers at New York Jets

Anatomy of Marshawn Lynch's Beast Mode run - ESPN NFL Films

Inside the NFL - Full Interview: NFL Replacement Referees Speak Out - SHOWTIME

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345 Park Avenue
345 Park Avenue is a 634ft (193m) tall skyscraper in New York City, New York. It was completed in 1969 and has 44 floors. Emery Roth & Sons designed the building, which is the 60th tallest in New York.
http://wn.com/345_Park_Avenue
Arlington, Texas
http://wn.com/Arlington_Texas
Atlanta
Atlanta (, ) is the capital and most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia. Atlanta had an estimated population of about 540,900 people. Its metropolitan area is the ninth largest in the country, inhabited by more than 5.4 million people. The Atlanta Combined Statistical Area has a population approaching six million, making it the most populous metropolis in the Southeastern United States. Like many areas in the Sun Belt, the Atlanta region has seen explosive growth since about 1976, and it added about 1.1 million residents between 2000 and 2008.
http://wn.com/Atlanta
Baltimore
Baltimore () is the largest independent city in the United States and the largest city and cultural center of the U.S. state of Maryland. The city is located in central Maryland along the tidal portion of the Patapsco River, an arm of the Chesapeake Bay. Baltimore is sometimes referred to as Baltimore City in order to distinguish it from surrounding Baltimore County. Founded in 1729, Baltimore is a major U.S. seaport and is situated closer to major Midwestern markets than any other major seaport on the East Coast. Baltimore's Inner Harbor was once the second leading port of entry for immigrants to the United States and a major manufacturing center. The harbor is now home to Harborplace, a shopping, entertainment, and tourist center, and the National Aquarium in Baltimore. After a decline in manufacturing, Baltimore shifted to a service-oriented economy. Johns Hopkins University and Johns Hopkins Hospital are now the city's largest employers.
http://wn.com/Baltimore
Buffalo, New York
http://wn.com/Buffalo_New_York
California
California (pronounced ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third-largest by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California is also the most populous sub-national entity in North America. It's on the U.S. West Coast, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and by the states of Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, Baja California, Mexico, to the south. Its 5 largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Long Beach, with Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose each having at least 1 million residents. Like many populous states, California's capital, Sacramento is smaller than the state's largest city, Los Angeles. The state is home to the nation's 2nd- and 6th-largest census statistical areas and 8 of the nation's 50 most populous cities. California has a varied climate and geography and a multi-cultural population.
http://wn.com/California
Canton, Ohio
Canton is the county seat of Stark County in northeastern Ohio, approximately south of Akron and south of Cleveland.
http://wn.com/Canton_Ohio
Chicago
Chicago ( or ) is the largest city in the state of Illinois. With over 2.8 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous city in the country. Its metropolitan area, commonly named "Chicagoland," is the 26th most populous in the world, home to an estimated 9.7 million people spread across the U.S. states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County.
http://wn.com/Chicago
Cincinnati
Cincinnati () is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Hamilton County. The municipality is located north of the Ohio River at the Ohio-Kentucky border. The population within city limits was estimated to be 333,200 in 2009, making it the state's third-largest city. According to a 2008 Census Bureau estimate, the Cincinnati metropolitan area had a population of 2,155,137 making it the largest MSA in Ohio (surpassing Cleveland, which ranks 26th), and the 24th most populous in the United States. Residents of Cincinnati are called Cincinnatians.
http://wn.com/Cincinnati
Cleveland
Cleveland () is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and is the county seat of Cuyahoga County, the most populous county in the state. The municipality is located in northeastern Ohio on the southern shore of Lake Erie, approximately 60 miles (100 km) west of the Pennsylvania border. It was founded in 1796 near the mouth of the Cuyahoga River, and became a manufacturing center owing to its location at the head of numerous canals and railroad lines. With the decline of heavy manufacturing, Cleveland's businesses have diversified into the service economy, including the financial services, insurance, legal, and healthcare sectors, though the city's population has continued to decline. Cleveland is also home to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
http://wn.com/Cleveland
Colorado
Colorado (pronounced or, chiefly by outsiders, ) is a U.S. state that encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains. Colorado is part of the Western United States, the Mountain States, and the Southwestern United States.
http://wn.com/Colorado
Columbus, Ohio
Columbus is the capital and largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio, the state's third largest metropolitan area behind Cincinnati and Cleveland, and the fourth largest city in the American Midwest. It is the county seat of Franklin County, yet the city has expanded and annexed portions of adjoining Delaware County and Fairfield County. Named for explorer Christopher Columbus, the city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and assumed the functions of state capital in 1816. The city has a diverse economy based on education, government, insurance, banking, fashion, defense, aviation, food, logistics, steel, energy, medical research, health care, hospitality, retail, and technology.
http://wn.com/Columbus_Ohio
Denver
The City and County of Denver (pronounced ) is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Colorado. Denver is a consolidated city-county, located in the South Platte River Valley on the High Plains, just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown district is located immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. Denver is nicknamed the "Mile-High City" because its elevation is one mile, or above sea level. The 105th meridian west of Greenwich passes through Union Station and is the temporal reference for the Mountain Time Zone.
http://wn.com/Denver
Detroit
http://wn.com/Detroit
Florida
Florida () is a state of the United States. It is located in the Southeastern United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the north. Much of the state's land mass is a large peninsula with the Gulf of Mexico to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Caribbean to the south. Florida was admitted as the 27th U.S. state in 1845, after a three hundred year period of European colonization.
http://wn.com/Florida
Georgia (U.S. state)
Georgia () is a state located in the southeastern United States. Georgia was established in 1732, the last of the original Thirteen Colonies. Georgia was the fourth state to ratify the United States Constitution, on January 2, 1788. It declared its secession from the Union on January 21, 1861, and was one of the original seven Confederate states. It was the last state to be restored to the Union, on July 15, 1870 and the only among the 13 that is explicitly named after a monarch; King George II of England.
http://wn.com/Georgia_(US_state)
Glendale, Arizona
Glendale () is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, USA, located about nine miles (14 km) northwest from Downtown Phoenix. According to 2006 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city is 246,531.
http://wn.com/Glendale_Arizona
Green Bay, Wisconsin
Green Bay is a city in and the county seat of Brown County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, located at the head of Green Bay, a sub-basin of Lake Michigan, at the mouth of the Fox River. It has an elevation of 581 feet (177 m) above sea level and is located 112 miles (180 km) north of Milwaukee. As of the 2000 census Green Bay had a population of 102,313. Its 2008 estimated census was 101,025. The Town of Green Bay is located several miles northeast of the city. It is the third-largest city in the state of Wisconsin, after Milwaukee and Madison. It is also the third-largest city on the west shore of Lake Michigan, after Chicago and Milwaukee.
http://wn.com/Green_Bay_Wisconsin
Honolulu
Honolulu () is the capital of and the most populous census-designated place (CDP) in the U.S. state of Hawaii. Although Honolulu refers to the urban area on the southeastern shore of the island of Oahu, the city and the county are consolidated, known as the City and County of Honolulu, and the city and county is designated as the entire island. The City and County of Honolulu is the only incorporated city in Hawaii, as all other local government entities are administered at the county level. The population of the CDP was 371,657 at the 2000 census, while the population of the City and County was 909,863, making it the 57th-largest metropolitan area in the United States. Honolulu is also the most populous state capital relative to state population. In the Hawaiian language, Honolulu means "sheltered bay" or "place of shelter".
http://wn.com/Honolulu
Houston
http://wn.com/Houston
Illinois
Illinois ( {{respell|-i-), is the fifth-most populous state of the United States of America, and is often noted for being a microcosm of the entire country. It is the most populous state in the Midwest region, however with 65% of its residents concentrated in the Chicago metropolitan area, most of the state has either a rural or a small town character. With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and western Illinois, and natural resources like coal, timber, and petroleum in the south, Illinois has a broad economic base. Illinois is an important transportation hub; the Port of Chicago connects the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River via the Illinois River. As the "most average state", Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics, though the latter has not really been true since the early 1970s.
http://wn.com/Illinois
Indianapolis
Indianapolis (), often abbreviated Indy (), is the capital of the U.S. state of Indiana, and the county seat of Marion County, Indiana. The United States Census estimated the city's population, excluding the included towns, at 807,584 in 2009. It is Indiana's largest city and is the 14th largest city in the U.S., the third largest city in the Midwest (behind Chicago and Detroit), the second most populous state capital (after Phoenix, Arizona), and the most populous state capital east of the Mississippi River. Indianapolis is also the fastest growing region in the Midwest.
http://wn.com/Indianapolis
Landover, Maryland
Landover is an unincorporated community in Prince George's County, Maryland, United States, within the census-designated place of Greater Landover. Landover is home to the corporate headquarters of the Giant supermarket chain. The Prince Georges County Sports and Learning Complex is in Landover. Though small, Landover houses many neighborhoods which include: Glenarden, Brightseat, Ardmore, Palmer Park, Kentland, Dodge Park, Columbia Park, Willow Hills(Hill Rd), Belle Haven, Lansdowne, and Village Green. Metrorail's Orange Line passes through the community. Landover Hills is a separate, incorporated community a few miles away. Landover is the birthplace of the late Len Bias.
http://wn.com/Landover_Maryland
Los Angeles area
http://wn.com/Los_Angeles_area
Louisiana
http://wn.com/Louisiana
Maryland
Maryland () is an American state located in the Mid Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia and the District of Columbia to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, Maryland has the highest median household income of any state, with a median income of $70,545. Maryland was the seventh state to ratify the United States Constitution, and three nicknames for it, the Old Line State, the Free State, and the Chesapeake Bay State are occasionally used.
http://wn.com/Maryland
Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. Most of its population of 6.6 million lives in the Boston metropolitan area. The eastern half of the state consists of urban, suburban, and rural areas, while Western Massachusetts is mostly rural. Massachusetts is the most populous of the six New England states and ranks third among U.S. states in GDP per capita.
http://wn.com/Massachusetts
Michigan
Michigan () is a U.S. state located in the Great Lakes Region of the United States of America. The name Michigan is a French corruption of the Ojibwe word mishigama, meaning "large water" or "large lake".
http://wn.com/Michigan
Minneapolis
Minneapolis (), nicknamed "City of Lakes" and the "Mill City," is the county seat of Hennepin County, the largest city in the U.S. state of Minnesota, and the 48th largest in the United States. Its name is attributed to the city's first schoolteacher, who combined mni, the Dakota word for water, and polis, the Greek word for city.
http://wn.com/Minneapolis
Minnesota
Minnesota () is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States. The twelfth largest state of the U.S., it is the twenty-first most populous, with 5.27 million residents. Minnesota was carved out of the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory and admitted to the Union as the thirty-second state on May 11, 1858. Known as the "Land of 10,000 Lakes", the state's name comes from a Dakota word for "sky-tinted water". Those waters, together with forests, parks, and wilderness areas, offer residents and tourists a variety of outdoor recreational opportunities.
http://wn.com/Minnesota
Missouri
Missouri () (abbreviated MO) is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern United States, bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska. With a 2009 estimated population of 5,987,580, Missouri is the 18th most populous state in the nation and the fifth most populous in the Midwest. It comprises 114 counties and one independent city. Missouri's capital is Jefferson City. The four largest urban areas are St. Louis, Kansas City, Springfield, and Columbia. Missouri was originally acquired from France as part of the Louisiana Purchase and became defined as the Missouri Territory. Part of the Missouri Territory was admitted into the union as the 24th state on August 10, 1821.
http://wn.com/Missouri
Nashville, Tennessee
Nashville is the capital of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in Davidson County, in the north-central part of the state. The city is a center for the health care, music, publishing, banking and transportation industries, and is home to a large number of colleges and universities.
http://wn.com/Nashville_Tennessee
New Jersey
New Jersey (, ) is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the northeast by New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware. New Jersey lies largely within the sprawling metropolitan areas of New York City and Philadelphia. It is the most densely populated state in the United States.
http://wn.com/New_Jersey
New Orleans
http://wn.com/New_Orleans
New York
New York (; locally or ) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the north and west, and Quebec to the north. New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
http://wn.com/New_York
North Carolina
North Carolina () is a state located on the Atlantic Seaboard in the Southern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte. North Carolina is now ranked as one of the top 3 leading States for Green Technology, Bio-Chemical Engineering, Medical Sciences, and Computer Engineering through the long-range research and development programs of Research Triangle Park (RTP), UNC Chapel Hill, and North Carolina State .
http://wn.com/North_Carolina
Oakland, California
Oakland () is the eighth-largest city in the U.S. state of California. It is a major West Coast port, located on San Francisco Bay, about 8 miles (13 km) east of San Francisco. Oakland is a major hub city for the Bay Area subregion collectively called the East Bay, and it is the county seat of Alameda County. Based on United States Census Bureau estimates for 2010, Oakland is the 41st-largest city in the USA with a population of 446,901.
http://wn.com/Oakland_California
Ohio
Ohio is a Midwestern state in the United States. The 34th largest state by area in the U.S.,
http://wn.com/Ohio
Pennsylvania
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania () is a U.S. state and Commonwealth located in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. The state borders Delaware and Maryland to the south, West Virginia to the southwest, Ohio to the west, New York and Ontario, Canada, to the north, and New Jersey to the east. The state's four most populous cities are Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Allentown and Erie. The state capital is Harrisburg.
http://wn.com/Pennsylvania
Philadelphia
Philadelphia () is the largest city in Pennsylvania, sixth-most-populous city in the United States and the fifty-first most populous city in the world.
http://wn.com/Philadelphia
Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh () is the second-largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the county seat of Allegheny County. Regionally, it anchors the largest urban area of Appalachia and the Ohio River Valley, and nationally, it anchors the 22nd largest urban area in the United States. The estimated population of the city in 2009 was 311,647, while the seven-county metropolitan area was estimated at 2,354,957. Downtown Pittsburgh retains substantial economic influence, ranking at 25th in the nation for jobs within the urban core and 6th in job density. The characteristic shape of Pittsburgh's central business district is a triangular tract carved by the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers, where the Ohio River forms. The city features 151 high-rise buildings, 446 bridges, two inclined railways, and a pre-revolutionary fortification. Pittsburgh is known colloquially as "The City of Bridges" and "The Steel City" for its many bridges and former steel manufacturing base.
http://wn.com/Pittsburgh
San Diego
http://wn.com/San_Diego
San Francisco
http://wn.com/San_Francisco
Seattle
http://wn.com/Seattle
St. Louis, Missouri
St. Louis ( or ; French: Saint-Louis or St-Louis, ) is an independent city and the second largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri. The city itself has an estimated population of 354,361 and is the principal municipality of Greater St. Louis, population 2,879,934, the largest urban area in Missouri and 16th-largest in the United States.
http://wn.com/St_Louis_Missouri
Stanford University
The Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University or Stanford, is a private research university located in Stanford, California, United States. The university is located on an campus in northwestern Santa Clara Valley approximately southeast of San Francisco and approximately northwest of San Jose.
http://wn.com/Stanford_University
Tampa, Florida
Tampa () is a Gulf Coast Bay city in the U.S. state of Florida. It serves as the county seat for Hillsborough County. Tampa is located on the west coast of Florida. The population of Tampa in 2000 was 303,447. According to the 2009 estimates, the city's population had grown to 343,890, making it the 54th largest city in the United States.
http://wn.com/Tampa_Florida
Tennessee
Tennessee () is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States. It has a population of 6,214,888, making it the nation's 17th-largest state by population, and covers , making it the 36th-largest by total land area. Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, and Arkansas and Missouri to the west. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms the state's western border. Tennessee's capital and second largest city is Nashville, which has a population of 626,144. Memphis is the state's largest city, with a population of 670,902. Nashville has the state's largest metropolitan area, at 1,521,437 people.
http://wn.com/Tennessee
Texas
Texas () is the second-largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state in the contiguous United States.
http://wn.com/Texas
United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
http://wn.com/United_States
University of Miami
The University of Miami (informally referred to as UM, U of M, U Miami, Miami, or The U) is a private, non-sectarian university founded in 1925 with its main campus in the city of Coral Gables, Florida. In addition to its main campus, the University of Miami maintains a medical campus in Miami city proper at the Miami Civic Center and a marine research facility on Virginia Key.
http://wn.com/University_of_Miami
Wisconsin
Wisconsin () is a U.S. state located in the north-central United States and is considered part of the Midwest. It is bordered by Minnesota to the west, Iowa to the southwest, Illinois to the south, Lake Michigan to the east, Upper Michigan to the northeast, and Lake Superior to the north. Wisconsin's capital is Madison, and its largest city is Milwaukee. As of 2009 the state has an estimated 5.6 million residents. The state contains 72 counties.
http://wn.com/Wisconsin

A. E. Staley
A. E. Staley is a Decatur, Illinois based processor of corn, owned by Tate & Lyle, PLC. It produces a range of starch products for the food, paper and other industries, high fructose corn syrup, crystalline fructose (under the brand name Krystar), ethanol (fuel) and other agro-industrial products. A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company was the center of a controversy in 1992 when the company locked out hundreds of workers after the workers had rejected a contract amid accusations by management of destruction and tampering of company property and equipment.
http://wn.com/A_E_Staley
Alex Spanos
Alexander Gus Spanos, (born September 28, 1923, in Stockton, California) is an American real estate developer and self-made billionaire of Greek origin who owns the San Diego Chargers.
http://wn.com/Alex_Spanos
Andy Reid
Andrew Walter "Andy" Reid (born March 19, 1958) is the head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles of the NFL, a post he has held since 1999. Since 2001, he has also been the team's executive vice president of football operations. He led the Eagles to five NFC championship games, including four consecutive appearances from 2001-2004, and to Super Bowl XXXIX in 2004.
http://wn.com/Andy_Reid
Arthur Blank
Arthur M. Blank (born September 27, 1942, in Sunnyside, New York) is an American businessman and a co-founder of Home Depot. Today he is known for his philanthropy and his ownership of the Atlanta Falcons in the National Football League.
http://wn.com/Arthur_Blank
Bert Bell
http://wn.com/Bert_Bell
Brad Van Pelt
Brad Alan Van Pelt (April 5, 1951February 17, 2009) was an American football linebacker who played fourteen seasons in the National Football League.
http://wn.com/Brad_Van_Pelt
Brian Bosworth
Brian Keith Bosworth, nicknamed "The Boz", (born March 9, 1965 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma) is a former American football player. He was a linebacker in the NCAA and the NFL.
http://wn.com/Brian_Bosworth
Bud Adams
Kenneth Stanley "Bud" Adams, Jr. (born January 3, 1923) is the owner of the Tennessee Titans' National Football League franchise. He was a charter owner of the Titans' predecessor franchise, the Houston Oilers, in the former American Football League, a league which he helped establish. He is the senior owner (by time) with his team in the National Football League, a few months ahead of Buffalo Bills' owner Ralph Wilson. Adams also was one of the owners of the Houston Mavericks of the American Basketball Association and the former owner of the Nashville Kats of the Arena Football League. He was elected to the Hall of Fame of the American Football League.
http://wn.com/Bud_Adams
Carl Storck
Carl Storck (born January 22, 1887 - March 13, 1950) was a co-founder of the National Football League, as well as the founding owner of the Dayton Triangles. He was also the Triangles coach from 1922 until 1926. Storck served as the secretary-treasurer of the NFL from 1921 to 1939. Upon the death of Joe Carr, he served as president of the National Football League. Citing ill health, Storck only held the title of president until 1941.
http://wn.com/Carl_Storck
Chan Gailey
Thomas Chandler "Chan" Gailey, Jr. (born January 5, 1952) is the 15th and current head coach of the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League. He was formerly head coach of the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team and the Dallas Cowboys.
http://wn.com/Chan_Gailey
Chris Mortensen
Chris "Mort" Mortensen (born on November 7, 1951 in Torrance, California), an award-winning journalist, provides reports for ESPN's Sunday NFL Countdown, Monday Night Countdown, SportsCenter, ESPN Radio and ESPN.com. He also has his own Web page (linked off ESPN.com) that launched in 2000.
http://wn.com/Chris_Mortensen
Chuck Pagano
Charles D. "Chuck" Pagano was the defensive coordinator and defensive backs coach of the North Carolina Tar Heels during the 2007 season. He returned to the NFL as an assistant coach of the Baltimore Ravens for the 2008 season.
http://wn.com/Chuck_Pagano
Clark Hunt
Clark Knobel Hunt (born February 19, 1965) is Chairman of the Board of the National Football League's Kansas City Chiefs and a founding investor-owner in Major League Soccer. Hunt inherited ownership of Major League Soccer's Columbus Crew and FC Dallas in 2006.
http://wn.com/Clark_Hunt
Dan Rooney
Daniel M. Rooney (born July 20, 1932 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is the United States Ambassador to Ireland. Rooney is also chairman emeritus of the Pittsburgh Steelers football team in the National Football League (NFL). He is the son of team founder and former owner Art Rooney. Rooney was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2000 for his great success as an owner. He is also credited for coming up with the "Rooney Rule," which requires NFL teams with head coaching and general manager vacancies to interview at least one minority candidate.
http://wn.com/Dan_Rooney
Daniel Snyder
Daniel M. Snyder (born November 23, 1965 in Silver Spring, Maryland) is the current owner of the Washington Redskins American football team, owner of the Dick Clark Productions television production company, and primary investor in Red Zebra Broadcasting, which is home to the Redskins Radio Network. Snyder has a net worth of $1.3 billion.
http://wn.com/Daniel_Snyder
Darren Woodson
Darren Ray Woodson (born April 25, 1969 in Phoenix, Arizona) is a former American football safety in the National Football League. He played his entire career for the Dallas Cowboys from 1992 to 2004. He was drafted by the Cowboys in the second round (37th overall) of the 1992 NFL Draft out of Arizona State University.
http://wn.com/Darren_Woodson
Devin Hester
http://wn.com/Devin_Hester
Emmitt Smith
Emmitt James Smith, III (born May 15, 1969) is a former American college and professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL) for fifteen seasons during the 1990s and 2000s. Smith played college football for the University of Florida, where he was an All-American; thereafter, he played professionally for the Dallas Cowboys and Arizona Cardinals of the NFL. During his long professional career, he became the NFL's all-time rushing leader, breaking the record formerly held by his childhood hero, Walter Payton, and played for the three Super Bowl-winning Dallas Cowboys teams. Smith is the only running back to ever win a Super Bowl championship, the NFL Most Valuable Player award, the NFL rushing crown, and the Super Bowl Most Valuable Player award all in the same season (1993). He is also one of only four running backs to lead the NFL in rushing three or more consecutive seasons, joining Steve Van Buren, Jim Brown and Earl Campbell. Smith was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2010, and is the first player from the 1990 NFL Draft to be inducted.
http://wn.com/Emmitt_Smith
Gary Kubiak
Gary Wayne Kubiak (August 15, 1961 in Houston, Texas) is the head coach for the Houston Texans of the National Football League. Kubiak has participated in six Super Bowls, losing three as a player with the Denver Broncos and winning three as an assistant coach with Denver and the San Francisco 49ers.
http://wn.com/Gary_Kubiak
Greg Schiano
Gregory Edward Schiano (b. June 1, 1966), is the head coach for the Rutgers University football team.
http://wn.com/Greg_Schiano
Jack Gage
http://wn.com/Jack_Gage
Jason Garrett
Jason Calvin Garrett (born March 28, 1966 in Abington, Pennsylvania) is an American football coach and former quarterback. He is the Offensive Coordinator and assistant head coach for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League.
http://wn.com/Jason_Garrett
Jed York
'''John Edward 'Jed' York''' is an American sports executive, the son of Marie Denise DeBartolo York and John York, and the Team President / Owner of the San Francisco 49ers. He is also the nephew of former San Francisco 49ers owner Edward J. DeBartolo Jr..
http://wn.com/Jed_York
Jeff Fisher
Jeffrey Michael "Jeff" Fisher (born February 25, 1958, in Culver City, California) is the current head coach of the Tennessee Titans of the NFL. Fisher has the longest tenure as head coach with one team among active head coaches in the league. He has a 141-116 record prior to the 2010 season.
http://wn.com/Jeff_Fisher
Jeffrey Lurie
Jeffrey Lurie (born September 8, 1951 in Boston, Massachusetts) is a former Hollywood producer turned National Football League team owner. Lurie bought the Philadelphia Eagles on May 6, 1994 from then-owner Norman Braman for $195 million. The club is now estimated to be worth $1.054 billion, as valued in 2007 by Forbes.
http://wn.com/Jeffrey_Lurie
Jim Harbaugh
James Joseph "Jim" Harbaugh (born December 23, 1963 in Toledo, Ohio) is the head coach of the Stanford Cardinal football team. He is also a former quarterback who played for the Chicago Bears, Indianapolis Colts, Baltimore Ravens, and San Diego Chargers of the NFL. He was selected by the Bears with the 26th pick in the first round of the 1987 NFL Draft. He played college football at Michigan.
http://wn.com/Jim_Harbaugh
Jim Irsay
James (Jim) Irsay (born June 13, 1959 in Lincolnwood, Illinois) is the owner of the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League. The son of a Jewish father (Robert Irsay) and a Polish mother, he attended high school at Loyola Academy in Wilmette, Illinois, a suburb just north of Chicago, Illinois. Irsay graduated from Southern Methodist University in 1982.
http://wn.com/Jim_Irsay
Jim Otto
James Edwin Otto (born January 5, 1938 in Wausau, Wisconsin) is a former Professional Football center for the Oakland Raiders of the American Football League.
http://wn.com/Jim_Otto
Jim Schwartz
Jim Schwartz (born June 2, 1966) is the head coach of the National Football League's Detroit Lions.
http://wn.com/Jim_Schwartz
Jim Thorpe
| debutdate = April 14
http://wn.com/Jim_Thorpe
John Elway
John Albert Elway, Jr. (born June 28, 1960) is a former American football quarterback. He played his college football at Stanford and his entire professional career for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL).
http://wn.com/John_Elway
John Harbaugh
John Harbaugh (born September 23, 1962) is the head coach of the Baltimore Ravens. Before his assignment with the Ravens, Harbaugh coached the defensive backs for the Philadelphia Eagles and served as the Eagles special teams coach for nine years.
http://wn.com/John_Harbaugh
John Mara
John Kevin Mara (born December 1, 1954) is the president, CEO, and co-owner of the New York Giants.
http://wn.com/John_Mara
Joseph Carr
http://wn.com/Joseph_Carr
Ken Whisenhunt
Kenneth "Ken" Moore Whisenhunt (born February 28, 1962 in Augusta, Georgia) is the current head coach of the Arizona Cardinals NFL football team, leading them to the first Super Bowl in franchise history during the 2008 season. Previously, he was known for his well engineered offensive plays, including the success he had with the Pittsburgh Steelers in his 3 years as their offensive coordinator under Bill Cowher and winning Super Bowl XL during the 2005 season.
http://wn.com/Ken_Whisenhunt
Leslie Frazier
Leslie Antonio Frazier (born April 3, 1959 in Columbus, Mississippi) is a former cornerback/safety in the National Football League for the Chicago Bears. He is currently the Defensive Coordinator for the Minnesota Vikings.
http://wn.com/Leslie_Frazier
Lovie Smith
Lovie Lee Smith (born ) is the head coach of the Chicago Bears professional football team of the NFL. Smith has been to the Super Bowl twice, as the defensive coordinator for the 2001 Saint Louis Rams and as the head coach for the Chicago Bears in 2006.
http://wn.com/Lovie_Smith
Malcolm Glazer
Malcolm Irving Glazer (born May 25, 1928) is an American businessman and sports-team owner. He is the president and chief executive officer of First Allied Corporation, a holding company for his varied business interests, most notably in the food processing industry. He holds controlling stakes in Manchester United Football Club, and owns the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, a National Football League team in , United States.
http://wn.com/Malcolm_Glazer
Marvin Lewis
Marvin Ronald Lewis (September 23, 1958) is the head coach of the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League, a position he has held since January 14, 2003. Previously, he was notable as the defensive coordinator of the Baltimore Ravens, whose record-setting defense helped them win Super Bowl XXXV 34-7 over the New York Giants.
http://wn.com/Marvin_Lewis
Mike Mularkey
Michael Rene Mularkey (born November 19, 1961) is the offensive coordinator for the Atlanta Falcons. He is a former Buffalo Bills head coach, offensive coordinator for the Pittsburgh Steelers, and tight ends coach for the Miami Dolphins and Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Prior to coaching, he played 9 seasons in the NFL as a tight end for the Minnesota Vikings and Pittsburgh Steelers.
http://wn.com/Mike_Mularkey
Mike Munchak
Michael Anthony Munchak (born March 6, 1960 in Scranton, Pennsylvania) is a former American football guard who played for the Houston Oilers of the NFL. Munchak was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2001. He is currently the Tennessee Titans offensive line coach. Munchak played college football for Penn State University, earning his Bachelor of Science in business logistics in 1982. The street running in front of Scranton High School is named for him. He teamed up with Bruce Matthews to have one of the greatest offensive line tandems in NFL history.
http://wn.com/Mike_Munchak
Mike Shanahan
Michael Edward Shanahan (born August 24, 1952) is the 28th and current head coach of the Washington Redskins of the National Football League. Shanahan also holds the title of Vice President of Football Operations with the Redskins, giving him full control over player personnel with the team. Shanahan previously coached the Los Angeles Raiders and the Denver Broncos. He led the Broncos to back-to-back Super Bowl victories in 1997 and 1998. His son, Kyle Shanahan, is the Offensive Coordinator of the Redskins.
http://wn.com/Mike_Shanahan
Mike Tomlin
Michael Tomlin (born March 15, 1972) is the current head coach for the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League. Tomlin is the third youngest head coach in any of the four major North American professional sports. He is the tenth African-American head coach in NFL history, and first in Steelers history. With the Steelers' victory in Super Bowl XLIII on February 1, 2009, Tomlin became the youngest head coach to lead his team to a Super Bowl victory.
http://wn.com/Mike_Tomlin
Norv Turner
Norval Eugene Turner (born May 17, 1952 at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina) is the head coach for the National Football League's San Diego Chargers. He also has served as head coach of the Washington Redskins and the Oakland Raiders, and as offensive coordinator for the Dallas Cowboys, San Diego Chargers, Miami Dolphins, and San Francisco 49ers. His explosive offense, built around a strong ground attack and the ability to strike fast via the deep pass, is referred to as "Norv-West Air", a play on the name of an airline with a similar name. He is the brother of former University of Illinois head football coach and former Chicago Bears offensive coordinator Ron Turner.
http://wn.com/Norv_Turner
Pat Bowlen
Patrick Dennis Bowlen (born February 18, 1944 in Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin) is the Majority Owner, President, and Chief Executive Officer of the Denver Broncos. The Bowlen Family, including his two brothers and sister, purchased the team from Edgar Kaiser in 1984 and saved the team from possible bankruptcy. Bowlen is also an alumnus of The Pi Kappa Alpha Fraternity.
http://wn.com/Pat_Bowlen
Pat Shurmur
Pat Shurmur (born April 14, 1965) is the current offensive coordinator of the St. Louis Rams.
http://wn.com/Pat_Shurmur
Paul Allen
Paul Gardner Allen (born January 21, 1953) is an American industrialist who co-founded Microsoft with Bill Gates and is one of the wealthiest people in the world with a personal wealth of US$12.7 billion as of 2010.
http://wn.com/Paul_Allen
Paul Tagliabue
Paul John Tagliabue (born November 24, 1940) is a former Commissioner of the National Football League. He took the position in 1989 and was succeeded by Roger Goodell, who was elected to the position on August 8, 2006. Tagliabue's retirement took effect on September 1, 2006. He had previously served as a lawyer for the NFL.
http://wn.com/Paul_Tagliabue
Pete Rozelle
Alvin Ray "Pete" Rozelle (March 1, 1926 – December 6, 1996) was the commissioner of the National Football League (NFL) from January 1960 to November 1989, when he retired from office. Rozelle is credited with making the NFL into one of the most successful sports leagues in the world.
http://wn.com/Pete_Rozelle
Ralph Hay
Ralph E. Hay was the owner of the Canton Bulldogs from 1918 until 1923. However he is mostly recognized for organizing the first meeting of teams that would later former the American Professional Football Association, later called the National Football League.
http://wn.com/Ralph_Hay
Ralph Wilson
Ralph C. Wilson, Jr. (October 17, 1918, in Columbus, Ohio) is the founder, owner and president of NFL's Buffalo Bills. He was one of the founding owners of the American Football League, the league that the NFL merged with in 1970. He is the oldest owner in the National Football League, at age . He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame on August 8, 2009.
http://wn.com/Ralph_Wilson
Randy Lerner
Randolph D. Lerner (born February 21, 1962 in Brooklyn, New York) is an American entrepreneur and sports team owner.
http://wn.com/Randy_Lerner
Reggie Bush
http://wn.com/Reggie_Bush
Rex Ryan
Rex Ryan (born December 13, 1962 in ) is the head coach of the New York Jets of the National Football League. He is the son of former Philadelphia Eagles and Arizona Cardinals head coach Buddy Ryan and is the twin brother of Rob Ryan, defensive coordinator for the Cleveland Browns.
http://wn.com/Rex_Ryan
Robert C. McNair
http://wn.com/Robert_C_McNair
Robert Kraft
Robert K. Kraft (born June 5, 1941 in ) is an American businessman who is the Chairman, and Chief Executive Officer of The Kraft Group, a diversified holding company with assets in paper and packaging, sports and entertainment, real estate development and a private equity portfolio. However, his best-known holdings are the National Football League's New England Patriots and Major League Soccer's New England Revolution, as well as the stadium where they play, Gillette Stadium.
http://wn.com/Robert_Kraft
Roger Goodell
Roger S. Goodell (born February 19, 1959) is the Commissioner of the National Football League (NFL), having been chosen to succeed the retiring Paul Tagliabue on August 8, 2006. He was chosen over four finalists for the position, winning a close vote on the fifth ballot before being unanimously approved by acclamation of the owners. He officially began his tenure on September 1, 2006, just prior to the beginning of the 2006 NFL season. As Commissioner, he is also President of NFL Charities.
http://wn.com/Roger_Goodell
Romeo Crennel
Romeo Crennel (born June 18, 1947 in Lynchburg, Virginia) is the former head coach of the Cleveland Browns and current defensive coordinator for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League. Before becoming the head coach of the Browns, Crennel won three Super Bowls in four seasons as the defensive coordinator of the New England Patriots. Crennel has participated in six Super Bowls, winning five, during his coaching career.
http://wn.com/Romeo_Crennel
Ron Rivera
Ronald Eugene Rivera (born January 7, 1962) was the first American of Puerto Rican/Mexican heritage to play in the National Football League (NFL). Rivera was a member of the 1985 Chicago Bears, who won Super Bowl XX. Rivera was the defensive coordinator for the 2006 Chicago Bears, who won the National Football Conference championship and competed in Super Bowl XLI. He is currently the defensive coordinator for the San Diego Chargers.
http://wn.com/Ron_Rivera
Russell Maryland
Russell James Maryland (born March 22, 1969) is a former American football player in the National Football League. He played on two national championship teams in college; and three Super Bowl championship teams in his NFL career.
http://wn.com/Russell_Maryland
Sean Payton
Patrick Sean Payton (born December 29, 1963 in San Mateo, California) is the head coach of the Super Bowl Champion New Orleans Saints. He was previously the quarterbacks coach and later assistant head coach of the Dallas Cowboys until being hired by the Saints on January 17, 2006.
http://wn.com/Sean_Payton
Shahid Khan
Shahid Khan (born c. 1950) is an Urbana, Illinois businessman, and owner of the automobile parts manufacturer Flex-N-Gate Corp.
http://wn.com/Shahid_Khan
Stan Kroenke
Enos Stanley "Stan" Kroenke (born July 29, 1947 in Columbia, Missouri) is an American business entrepreneur. His wife, Anne Walton, is a Wal-Mart heir. Kroenke is also the owner of professional basketball team Denver Nuggets, professional soccer team Colorado Rapids, professional hockey team Colorado Avalanche, owner of the St. Louis Rams professional football franchise and a major shareholder of English football club Arsenal. He currently lives in Columbia, Missouri.
http://wn.com/Stan_Kroenke
Stephen M. Ross
Stephen M. Ross (born 1940 in Hamtramck, Michigan) is founder, chairman and CEO of The Related Companies, L.P., a New York City-based real estate firm. He owns 95% of the Miami Dolphins NFL football franchise and 95% of Sun Life Stadium. The University of Michigan renamed its business school Ross School of Business in his honor after receiving $100 million dollar endowment.
http://wn.com/Stephen_M_Ross
Steve Bisciotti
Steve Bisciotti (born April 10, 1960), is the current majority owner of the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League.
http://wn.com/Steve_Bisciotti
Steve Tisch
Steven "Steve" Tisch (born February 14, 1949) is an American businessman. He is the Chairman and Executive Vice President of the New York Giants, the NFL team co-owned by his family, as well as a film and television producer. He is the son of former Giants co-owner Bob Tisch.
http://wn.com/Steve_Tisch
Tom Benson
See also Tom Benson (American football) and Tom Benson (politician) for the Northern Ireland Unionist.
http://wn.com/Tom_Benson
Tom Coughlin
Thomas Richard Coughlin (born August 31, 1946 in Waterloo, New York) is an American football coach who is currently head coach for the New York Giants of the National Football League (NFL). Coughlin has long been regarded as one of the premier head coaches in the NFL, and led the Giants to victory in Super Bowl XLII. Coughlin was also the inaugural head coach of the Jacksonville Jaguars, serving from 1995-2002 and leading the team to two AFC Championship Games. Prior to his professional football career he was head coach of the Boston College Eagles football team from 1991-1993, and served in a variety of coaching and administrative positions in college football.
http://wn.com/Tom_Coughlin
Zygi Wilf
Zygmunt "Zygi" Wilf (born April 22, 1950) is the principal owner of the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League.
http://wn.com/Zygi_Wilf

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Always A Fire | Chad Jones Documentary

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Photo: WN / Yolanda Leyba

Virgin for sale: Website auctions off virginity of college student for $780,000 (Video)

The Examiner

26 Oct 2012

Related topics virgin auctionvirginity auction Advertisement A 20 year-old Brazilian student has sold her virginity for the sum of $780,000 through an online auction on a website simply called Virgins...

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Photo: AP / Themba Hadebe

Mine workers sing a dance during a memorial service at the Lonmin Platinum Mine near Rustenburg, South Africa, Thursday, Aug. 23, 2012. Police shot and killed 34 striking miners and wounded 78 others last week. Demands for higher wages spread to at least two other mines, raising fears of further protests at more South African mines that provide most of the world's platinum.

News Flash: Gandhi Just Murdered in South Africa

WorldNews.com

29 Oct 2012

Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling. Yesterday while protesting with striking mine workers in South Africa, Mohandas Gandhi was gunned down by heavily armed security forces. Gandhi, who...

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Photo: US Navy / MCS2 Justin Ailes

Hurricane Sandy makes landfall at Naval Station Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, October 24, 2012.

Slow-moving Hurricane Sandy marches toward East Coast

CNBC

27 Oct 2012

MIAMI (Reuters) - Hurricane Sandy pulled away from the Bahamas on Saturday after killing at least 41 people in the Caribbean, beginning a slow march toward the U.S. East Coast where it threatens to...

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In this May 6, 2012 file photo, Gov. Paul LePage speaks at the Maine Republican Convention in Augusta, Maine. LePage met with representatives from two Jewish groups on Friday, July 13, 2012, following comments he has made comparing the Internal Revenue Service to the Gestapo

The New Gestapo Politics

WorldNews.com

28 Oct 2012

Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling Even though Maine's Governor, Paul LePage, apologized for making comments for comparing the Affordable Health Care Act and Internal Revenue Service (IRS)...

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A Rakhine refugee lies on a bed under medical treatment at Sittwe hospital in Sittwe, Rakhine State, western Myanmar, Friday, Oct. 26, 2012.

Burma: HRW satellite images 'show Rakhine destruction'

BBC News

27 Oct 2012

A human rights group has released pictures showing what appears to be the destruction of a western Burmese district riven by ethnic unrest. Human Rights Watch says more than 800 buildings and...

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Camaraderie, sacrifice, preparation help make Giants elite franchise 29 Oct 2012

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Endorsements Flood in, but Do Voters Care? 29 Oct 2012

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Manning outplays Brees in big win over Saints 29 Oct 2012

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Evelyn Lozada -- I Want the No-Contact Order Against Chad Johnson to End 29 Oct 2012

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Fisher: Wembley trip will benefit Rams 29 Oct 2012

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Packers struggle past Jags 29 Oct 2012

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Monte Poole: Raiders' defense playing solid ball 29 Oct 2012

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Packers make do with patchwork secondary 29 Oct 2012

The News Tribune GREEN BAY, Wis. - Linebacker Brad Jones was surprised to learn that the Green Bay Packers allowed 12 plays of 15 or more yards to the lowly Jacksonville Jaguars on Sunday. "That's very uncharacteristic of us," Jones said. "Absolutely. I didn't know that. I think we gave up a couple plays but our...(size: 3.8Kb)

Raiders beat Kansas City Chiefs 26-16 29 Oct 2012

The News Tribune KANSAS CITY, Mo.-The Raiders let the Kansas City Chiefs do what they do best and are a game under .500 and in the thick of the AFC West race as a result. The Chiefs added to their league-leading total of turnovers with a pair of lost fumbles and two interceptions, and the Raiders took full advantage...(size: 3.8Kb)

David Ramsey: A Manning on a mission 29 Oct 2012

The News Tribune DENVER - Michael Jordan couldn't conquer time. Muhammad Ali failed, too. Peyton Manning did not attempt the impossible when he defied the clock and his battered neck. He did attempt the improbable. No doubt, he's emerged as a victor. Manning delivered another superlative performance, methodically...(size: 3.2Kb)

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Sports 29 Oct 2012

Seattle Times ARLINGTON, Texas â Osi Umenyiora and the New York Giants were feeling awful, believing they had just suffered a monumental collapse. Upon further review, a replay overturned a Dallas Cowboys touchdown with 10 seconds left and the Giants held on for a 29-24 victory Sunday after blowing a 23-point...(size: 5.4Kb)

Peyton Manning throws for 3 TDs in 34-14 rout of stumbling Saints, ineffective Drew Brees 29 Oct 2012

The Washington Post DENVER — Peyton Manning faced down his biggest fear and the frightfully bad New Orleans Saints defense with equal aplomb. Despite banging his throwing thumb on a blitzer’s helmet in the second quarter, Manning passed for 305 yards and three scores, led a pair of 90-plus-yard touchdown...(size: 3.9Kb)

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"NFL" redirects here. For other uses, see NFL (disambiguation). For other leagues of the same name, see National Football League (disambiguation).

National Football League
Current season or competition: 2012 NFL season
150 px
Sport	American Football
Founded	August 20, 1920 in Canton, Ohio, United States
Commissioner	Roger Goodell
Inaugural season	1920
No. of teams	32
Country(ies)	United States
Most recent champion(s)	New York Giants (8th title)
Most titles	Green Bay Packers (13 titles)
TV partner(s)	CBS Fox NBC ESPN NFL Network
Official website	NFL.com

The headquarters of the National Football League at 345 Park Avenue, Midtown Manhattan, New York City, USA.

The National Football League (NFL) is the highest level of professional American football in the United States, and is considered the top professional American football league globally.^[1] It was formed by eleven teams in 1920 as the American Professional Football Association, with the league changing its name to the National Football League in 1922. The league currently consists of thirty-two teams from the United States. The league is divided evenly into two conferences – the American Football Conference (AFC) and National Football Conference (NFC), and each conference has four divisions that have four teams each, for a total of 16 teams in each conference. The NFL is an unincorporated 501(c)(6) association,^[2]^[3]^[4] a federal nonprofit designation,^[5] comprising its 32 teams.^[6]^[7]

The regular season is a seventeen-week schedule during which each team plays sixteen games and has one bye week. The season currently starts on the Thursday night in the first full week of September and runs weekly to late December or early January. At the end of each regular season, six teams from each conference (at least one from each division) play in the NFL playoffs, a twelve-team single-elimination tournament that culminates with the championship game, known as the Super Bowl. This game is held at a pre-selected site which is usually a city that hosts an NFL team.

The NFL is the most attended domestic sports league in the world by average attendance per game, with 66,960 fans per game in 2010–11.^[8] Although not as frequently as the other major professional sports leagues in the United States, the NFL still is not immune to labor disputes, such as the players' strikes of 1982 and 1987, and more recently a lockout in 2011, though the latest did not result in the cancellation of any regular-season games.

1 History
2 Official rules and notable rule distinctions
3 Season structure
4 Teams
- 4.1 Current NFL teams
- 4.2 Former NFL teams
5 Media
6 Player contracts and compensation
- 6.1 Salaries
- 6.2 Salary cap
7 NFL Draft
8 Free agency
9 Banned substances policy
10 Video games
11 Management
- 11.1 Franchise owners
12 Uniform numbers
13 Awards
- 13.1 Discontinued awards
14 Cheerleading
15 Concussions and brain safety
16 See also
17 References
- 17.1 Notes
- 17.2 Bibliography
18 External links

History [link]

Main article: History of the National Football League

In 1920 representatives of several professional American football leagues and independent teams founded the American Professional Football Conference, soon renamed the National Football League. The first official championship game was held in 1933; before then, there was no playoff system, and instead the team that finished with the best regular season record was awarded the league title. By 1958, when that season's NFL championship game became known as "The Greatest Game Ever Played", the NFL was on its way to becoming one of the most popular sports leagues in the United States. In 1965, football supplanted baseball as the most popular televised sport in America.^[9] The merger with the American Football League, agreed to in 1966 and completed in 1970, greatly expanded the league and created the Super Bowl, which has become one of the most watched sporting events in the world, and is second to association football (soccer)'s UEFA Champions League final as the most watched annual sporting event worldwide.^[10]

Official rules and notable rule distinctions [link]

Although rules for NFL, college, and high school American football games are generally consistent, there are several differences. In addition, the NFL frequently makes rule changes because of exploits on the field by a single coach, owner, player, or referee.

Some of the major rules differences include:

A pass is ruled complete if both of the receiver's feet are inbounds at the time of the catch. In college and high school football, only one foot is required to be inbounds.
In the NFL, a player is considered down when he is tackled or forced down by a member of the opposing team (also known as "down by contact"). In college football, a player is automatically ruled down when any part of his body other than the feet or hands touches the ground or when the ball carrier is tackled or otherwise falls and loses possession of the ball as he contacts the ground with any part of his body.
NFL players in certain positions are normally ineligible to catch passes. As an aid for game officials to enforce this rule, players wear uniform numbers based on the position they play. (see below)
In the NFL, overtime is decided by a 15-minute sudden-death quarter during regular season games, and can still end in a tie if neither team scores during this extra period; if the score remains tied during a playoff game, however, additional overtime periods are played. Starting with the 2012 season, each team gets one possession to score unless one of them scores a touchdown on its first possession. Sudden death rules apply if both teams have had their initial possession and the game remains tied. During college football's overtime, each team is given one possession from its opponent's twenty-five yard line with no game clock. The team leading after both possessions is declared the winner. If the two college teams remain tied, additional overtime periods are played; a college football game cannot end in a tie.
Unlike college and high school, the NFL has a two-minute warning, an automatic time-out that occurs when two minutes of game time remain on the game clock in each half, and overtime during the regular season (the timing rules of overtime during the regular season is similar to the fourth quarter, while overtime periods in the playoffs are timed like regulation).
Also unique to the NFL, the game clock never stops after the offense completes a first down in order to reset the first down chains.
Two-point conversion tries are attempted from the two-yard line, whereas in college football they are attempted from the three-yard line.
In college football, the defensive team may score two points on a point-after touchdown attempt by returning a blocked kick, fumble, or interception into the opposition's end zone. The NFL does not allow this, and instead a conversion attempt is automatically ruled as "no good" when the defending team gains possession of the football.
There are several differences in enforcing penalties. For example, defensive pass interference results in the ball being placed at the spot of the foul. In college football, the same penalty is capped at maximum of 15 yards.
For instant replay, NFL teams are given two replay challenges per game, and can be awarded a third one if the other two are successful. Replays of scoring plays, the final 2:00 of each half and all overtime periods are instead initiated by the official in the replay booth. Also, as of the 2012 season, all turnovers will be reviewed by the replay official. In college football, teams are only originally allocated one replay challenge (and can get a second one if successful), and the replay official can initiate reviews of all plays.

Season structure [link]

Since 2002, the NFL season features the following schedule:

a 4-game exhibition season (or preseason) running from early August to early September;
a 16-game, 17-week regular season running from September to December or early January; and
a 12-team single-elimination playoff beginning in January, culminating in the Super Bowl in early February.

Traditionally, American high school football games are played on Friday nights, American college football games are played on Thursday nights and Saturdays, and most NFL games are played on Sunday. Because the NFL season is longer than the college football season, the NFL schedules Saturday games and Saturday playoff games outside the college football season. The ABC Television network added Monday Night Football in 1970, and Thursday night NFL games were added in the 1980s.

Exhibition season [link]

Main article: National Football League preseason

Following mini-camps in the spring and officially recognized training camp in July–August, NFL teams typically play four exhibition games from early August through early September. Each team hosts two games of the four. The exhibition season begins with the Pro Football Hall of Fame Game, so those two teams play five exhibition games each. Historically, the American Bowl(s) were played prior to the NFL scheduling regular season games abroad and those teams faced this similar predicament.

The games are useful for new players who are not used to playing in front of very large crowds. Management often uses the games to evaluate newly signed players. Veteran starters will generally play only for about a quarter of each game to minimize the risk of injury. Several lawsuits have been brought by fans, against the policy of including exhibition games in season-ticket packages at regular season prices, but none have so far been very successful.

Regular season [link]

This chart displays an application of the NFL scheduling formula. At the end of the 2008 season, the Browns (in green) finished in fourth place in the AFC North. Thus the Browns in 2009 had to play all the other AFC North teams (in blue) twice; all the AFC West teams (another division within its own conference) once; all the NFC North teams (a division in the other conference) once; and the Bills and the Jaguars, who also finished in fourth place in their respective AFC divisions during that previous season.

Main article: National Football League regular season

Following the preseason, each of the thirty-two teams embark on a seventeen-week, sixteen-game schedule, with the extra week consisting of a bye to allow teams a rest sometime in the middle of the season (and also to increase television coverage). The regular season currently begins the Thursday evening after Labor Day with a primetime "Kickoff Game" (NBC currently holds broadcast rights for that game). According to the current scheduling structure, the earliest the season could begin is September 4 (as it was in the 2008 season), while the latest would be September 10 (as it was in the 2009 season, due to September 1 falling on a Tuesday). The regular season ends no later than January 3, in any given year.

The league uses a scheduling formula to pre-determine which teams plays whom during a given season. Under the current formula since 2002, each of the thirty-two teams' respective 16-game schedule consists for the following:^[11]^[12]

Each team plays the other three teams in their division twice: once at home, and once on the road (six games).
Each team plays the four teams from another division within its own conference once on a rotating three-year cycle: two at home, and two on the road (four games).
Each team plays the four teams from a division in the other conference once on a rotating four-year cycle: two at home, and two on the road (four games).
Each team plays once against the other teams in its conference that finished in the same place in their own divisions as themselves the previous season, not counting the division they were already scheduled to play: one at home, one on the road (two games).

Although this scheduling formula determines each of the thirty-two teams' respective opponents, the league usually does not release the final regular schedule with specific dates and times until the spring; the NFL needs several months to coordinate the entire season schedule so that, among other reasons, games are worked around various scheduling conflicts, and that it helps maximize TV ratings.^[13]

Playoffs [link]

The NFL Playoffs. Each of the four division winners is seeded 1–4 based on their W-L-T records. The two Wild Card teams (labeled Wild Card 1 and 2) are seeded fifth and sixth (with the better of the two having seed 5) regardless of their records compared to the four division winners.

Main article: National Football League playoffs

The season concludes with a twelve-team tournament used to determine the teams to play in the Super Bowl. The tournament brackets are made up of six teams from each of the league's two conferences, the American Football Conference (AFC) and the National Football Conference (NFC), following the end of the 16-game regular season:

The four division champions from each conference (the team in each division with the best regular season won-lost-tied record), which are seeded one through four based on their regular season won-lost-tied record (tie-breaker rules may apply).
Two wild card qualifiers from each conference (those non-division champions with the conference's best record, i.e. the best won-lost-tied percentages, with a series of tie-breaking rules in place in the event that there are teams with the same number of wins and losses^[14]), which are seeded five and six.

In each conference, the No. 3 and No. 6 seeded teams, and the No. 4 and No. 5 seeds, face each other during the first round of the playoffs, dubbed the Wild Card Playoffs (the league in recent years has also used the term Wild Card Weekend). The No. 1 and No. 2 seeds from each conference receive a bye in the first round, which entitles these teams to automatically advance to the second round, the Divisional Playoff games, to face the winning teams from the first round. In round two, the No. 1 seeded team always plays the lowest surviving seed in their conference. And in any given playoff game, whoever has the higher seed gets the home field advantage (i.e. the game is held at the higher seed's home field).

The two surviving teams from the Divisional Playoff games meet in Conference Championship games, with the winners of those contests going on to face one another in the Super Bowl in a game located at a neutral venue that is usually either indoors or in a warm-weather locale. The designated "home team" alternates year to year between the conferences. In odd-numbered Super Bowls, the NFC team is the designated "home team", with the AFC team serving as the home team for even-numbered games.

The NFL is the only one out of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States to use a single-elimination tournament in its playoffs; Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association and the National Hockey League all use a "best-of" format instead.

Pro Bowl [link]

The Pro Bowl, the league's all-star game, has been traditionally held on the weekend after the Super Bowl. The game was played at various venues before being held at Aloha Stadium in Honolulu, Hawaii for 30 consecutive seasons from 1980 to 2009.

However, the 2010 Pro Bowl was played at Sun Life Stadium, the home stadium of the Miami Dolphins and host site of Super Bowl XLIV, on January 31, the first time ever that the Pro Bowl was played before the championship game. The game returned to Honolulu in 2011 and 2012, though both games were still played before the Super Bowl.

On April 26, 2012, Chris Mortensen of ESPN reported that the Pro Bowl was likely to be suspended for the 2012 season and beyond. According to league sources, Commissioner Roger Goodell was dissatisfied with the lack of competitive effort by players in that game, although he did not bear any ill will toward the players due to safety issues. Mortenson also reported that if the game is shelved, a Pro Bowl balloting process will continue because many player contracts include incentive clauses that are triggered by Pro Bowl selections.^[15]

Calendar [link]

Though the NFL only plays in the late summer, fall, and early winter, the extended offseason often is an event in itself, with the draft, free agency signings, and the announcement of schedules keeping the NFL in the spotlight even during the spring, when virtually no on-field activity is taking place. A typical calendar of league events is as follows, with the dates listed being those for the 2012 NFL season:

February 22 – Pro Football Hall of Fame Game opponents announced.
February 24 – March 2—NFL Scouting Combine: Lucas Oil Stadium, Indianapolis, Ind.
February 25—Deadline for Clubs to designate Franchise and Transition players.
March 13—Veteran Free Agency signing period begins. Trading period begins.
March 26–28—NFL Annual Meeting: Dana Point, Calif. Usually accompanied by announcement of scheduling and opponents for first game and opening-weekend night games.
Early April: Teams begin voluntary workouts.
April 17: 2012 schedule announced.
April 26–28 – NFL Draft: New York City.
May 21–23—NFL Spring Meeting: Chicago, Ill.
June 24 – June 27—NFL Rookie Symposium, Palm Beach Gardens, Fla.
Mid-July (varies by team, fifteen days before first preseason game)-- Training camps open.
August 5 – Pro Football Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony, Canton, Ohio, including Hall of Fame Game.
August 9–13—First full Preseason weekend.
August 28—Roster cutdown from 80 to maximum of 75 players.
September 1—Roster cutdown from 75 to maximum of 53 players.
September 5–10 – Kickoff 2012 Weekend (Week 1 of regular season)
October 28 – International Series game (Wembley Stadium, London).
November – Pro Bowl balloting and flexible scheduling for NBC Sunday Night Football begin.
November 22 – Thanksgiving games.
December 30, 2012—End of regular season.
January 5, 2013 – Playoffs begin.
January 20 – AFC Championship Game and NFC Championship Game.
January 27 – Pro Bowl.
February 3 – Super Bowl.

Teams [link]

Current NFL teams [link]

The NFL consists of thirty-two clubs. Each club is allowed a maximum of fifty-three players on their roster, but may only dress forty-five to play each week during the regular season. Reflecting the population distribution of the United States as a whole, most teams are in the eastern half of the country; seventeen teams are in the Eastern Time Zone and nine others in the Central Time Zone.

Most major metropolitan areas in the United States have an NFL franchise, although Los Angeles, the second-largest metropolitan area in the country, has not hosted an NFL team since 1994.

Further information: History of the National Football League in Los Angeles

The Rams and the Raiders called the Los Angeles area home from 1946–1994 and 1982–1994 respectively. On August 9, 2011, the LA City Council approved plans to build Farmers Field which could be home to an NFL team. It is unknown which team, if any, will move to the venue.^[16]

Unlike Major League Baseball, Major League Soccer, the National Basketball Association and the National Hockey League, the league has no full-time teams in Canada, although the Buffalo Bills play one game per year in Toronto. There has been discussion of possibly bringing the NFL to Toronto, the largest city in Canada. In addition, as of 2012, the St. Louis Rams will begin hosting one of its regular season games in London, England as part of the International Series, making the NFL the first U.S.-based sports league to have one of its teams establish a home stadium outside North America.

The Dallas Cowboys are the highest valued American football franchise, valued at approximately $1.6 billion^[17] and one of the most valuable franchises in all of professional sports worldwide, currently third^[18] behind the Los Angeles Dodgers of MLB, sold in March 2012 for $2 billion,^[19] and English soccer club Manchester United,^[17] which has an approximate value of $1.8 billion at current exchange rates.^[20] Since the 2002 season, the teams have been aligned as follows:

Division	Team	City/Area	Stadium	Founded^[21]	Joined	Head Coach	Owner
American Football Conference
East	Buffalo Bills	Orchard Park, NY	Ralph Wilson Stadium ¹	Oct 28, 1959	1970	Chan Gailey	Ralph Wilson
	Miami Dolphins	Miami Gardens, FL	Sun Life Stadium	Aug 16, 1965	1970	Joe Philbin	Stephen M. Ross
	New England Patriots	Foxborough, MA	Gillette Stadium	Nov 22, 1959	1970	Bill Belichick	Robert Kraft
	New York Jets	E. Rutherford, NJ	MetLife Stadium	Aug 14, 1959	1970	Rex Ryan	Woody Johnson
North	Baltimore Ravens	Baltimore, MD	M&T Bank Stadium	Feb 9, 1996	1996 ²	John Harbaugh	Steve Bisciotti
	Cincinnati Bengals	Cincinnati, OH	Paul Brown Stadium	May 23, 1967	1970	Marvin Lewis	Mike Brown
	Cleveland Browns	Cleveland, OH	Cleveland Browns Stadium	June 4, 1944	1950 ²	Pat Shurmur	Randy Lerner
	Pittsburgh Steelers	Pittsburgh, PA	Heinz Field	July 8, 1933	1933	Mike Tomlin	Dan Rooney
South	Houston Texans	Houston, TX	Reliant Stadium	Oct 6, 1999	2002	Gary Kubiak	Bob McNair
	Indianapolis Colts *	Indianapolis, IN	Lucas Oil Stadium	Jan 23, 1953	1953	Chuck Pagano	Jim Irsay
	Jacksonville Jaguars	Jacksonville, FL	EverBank Field	Nov 30, 1993	1995	Mike Mularkey	Shahid Khan
	Tennessee Titans *	Nashville, TN	LP Field	Aug 14, 1959	1970	Mike Munchak	Bud Adams
West	Denver Broncos	Denver, CO	Sports Authority Field at Mile High	Aug 14, 1959	1970	John Fox	Pat Bowlen
	Kansas City Chiefs *	Kansas City, MO	Arrowhead Stadium	Aug 14, 1959	1970	Romeo Crennel	Clark Hunt et al.
	Oakland Raiders *	Oakland, CA	O.co Coliseum	Jan 30, 1960	1970	Dennis Allen	Mark Davis et al.
	San Diego Chargers *	San Diego, CA	Qualcomm Stadium	Aug 14, 1959	1970	Norv Turner	Alex Spanos
National Football Conference
East	Dallas Cowboys	Arlington, TX	Cowboys Stadium	Jan 28, 1960	1960	Jason Garrett	Jerry Jones
	New York Giants	E. Rutherford, NJ	MetLife Stadium	Aug 1, 1925	1925	Tom Coughlin	J. Mara & S. Tisch
	Philadelphia Eagles	Philadelphia, PA	Lincoln Financial Field	July 8, 1933	1933	Andy Reid	Jeffrey Lurie
	Washington Redskins *	Landover, MD	FedEx Field	July 9, 1932	1932	Mike Shanahan	Daniel Snyder
North	Chicago Bears *	Chicago, IL	Soldier Field	Sep 17, 1920 ³	1920	Lovie Smith	V. Halas McCaskey
	Detroit Lions *	Detroit, MI	Ford Field	1929	1930	Jim Schwartz	Bill Ford
	Green Bay Packers	Green Bay, WI	Lambeau Field	Aug 11, 1919	1921	Mike McCarthy	Incorporated
	Minnesota Vikings	Minneapolis, MN	Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome	Jan 28, 1960	1961	Leslie Frazier	Zygi Wilf
South	Atlanta Falcons	Atlanta, GA	Georgia Dome	June 30, 1965	1966	Mike Smith	Arthur Blank
	Carolina Panthers	Charlotte, NC	Bank of America Stadium	Oct 26, 1993	1995	Ron Rivera	Jerry Richardson
	New Orleans Saints	New Orleans, LA	Mercedes-Benz Superdome	Nov 1, 1966	1967	Sean Payton	Tom Benson
	Tampa Bay Buccaneers	Tampa, FL	Raymond James Stadium	April 24, 1974	1976	Greg Schiano	Malcolm Glazer
West	Arizona Cardinals *	Glendale, AZ	University of Phoenix Stadium	1898	1920	Ken Whisenhunt	Bill Bidwill
	St. Louis Rams *	St. Louis, MO	Edward Jones Dome¹	1936	1937	Jeff Fisher	Stan Kroenke
	San Francisco 49ers	San Francisco, CA	Candlestick Park	June 4, 1944	1950	Jim Harbaugh	Jed York
	Seattle Seahawks	Seattle, WA	CenturyLink Field	June 4, 1974	1976	Pete Carroll	Paul Allen

Chart notes

An asterisk (*) denotes a franchise move. See the respective team articles for more information.

"Owner" refers to primary or majority owner; i.e. the owner that represents the team in league owners' meetings. See List of NFL franchise owners for more details.

This team plays one of its home games outside the United States. The Buffalo Bills play one regular game each year and one preseason game every two years from 2008–2012 at Rogers Centre in Toronto. The St. Louis Rams play one regular season game each year from 2012–2014 at Wembley Stadium in London.
As the result of a relocation controversy in 1996, the league officially suspended operations of the Cleveland Browns while its players and personnel moved to Baltimore to become a new franchise called the Baltimore Ravens. As per an agreement with the two cities, the Ravens are officially regarded as a new 1996 team while the league's official history and records views the Browns as one continuous franchise that began in 1946, suspended operations from 1996–1998, and resumed play in 1999 with new players.
Although the club was originally established in 1919 as the company team of the A. E. Staley food starch company, the Chicago Bears official team and league records instead cite George Halas as the founder after he took over control in 1920.^[22]

Former NFL teams [link]

Further information: Defunct National Football League franchises

In its earliest years, the NFL was a very unstable and somewhat informal organization. Many teams entered and left the league annually. However, since the acquisition of the All-America Football Conference in 1950, the NFL has shown remarkable stability. The last NFL team to fold was the Dallas Texans in 1952; its remnants were salvaged to form the expansion Baltimore Colts.

Media [link]

Television [link]

For more details on this topic, see NFL on television.

Annually, the Super Bowl often ranks as the most watched show of the year in the United States and second most watched sporting event worldwide behind the UEFA Champions League final. Four of Nielsen Media Research's top ten programs are Super Bowls.^[23] Networks have purchased a share of the broadcasting rights to the NFL as a means of raising the entire network's profile.^[24] The Super Bowl is so popular annually that many companies debut elaborate commercials during the game.

The television rights to the NFL are the most lucrative and expensive sports broadcasting commodity in the United States. Under the current television contracts, which began during the 2006 season, regular season games are broadcast on five networks: CBS, Fox, NBC, ESPN, and the NFL Network. Regionally shown games are broadcast on Sundays on CBS and Fox, carrying the AFC and NFC teams respectively (the traveling team deciding the broadcast station in the event of inter-Conference games, presumably so that each network can show games from all the stadiums^{[citation needed]}). These games generally air at 1:00 pm ET and 4:05 pm or 4:15 pm ET. (Due to differences between Eastern and local time, games played in the Pacific and Mountain time zones are never played in the 1:00 pm ET time slot.) Nationally televised games include Sunday night games (shown on NBC), Monday night games (shown on ESPN), the Thursday night NFL Kickoff Game (shown on NBC), the annual Dallas Cowboys and Detroit Lions Thanksgiving Day games (CBS and Fox), and beginning in 2006, all Thursday and Saturday games on the NFL Network, a wholly owned subsidiary of the National Football League.^[25]^[26]

Additionally, satellite broadcast company DirecTV offers NFL Sunday Ticket, a subscription based package, that allows most Sunday daytime regional games to be watched.^[27]^[28] This package is exclusive to DirecTV in the USA; for subscribers to Dish Network Verizon FiOS and Comcast, the NFL instead offers "RedZone," a less expensive single channel that launched in 2009 and airs "the touchdowns and most important moments during all the Sunday afternoon games."^[29] In Canada, NFL Sunday Ticket is available on a per-provider distribution deal on both cable and satellite.

The NFL also produces programming for various networks, mainly highlight shows like Inside the NFL for Showtime and other historical games through its renowned NFL Films division that generally air on ESPN and NFL Network. Other NFL-produced programs include Hard Knocks, an HBO series detailing training camp for certain teams; plus the animated children's show RushZone: Guardians of the Core airing on Viacom's Nicktoons channel.

Radio [link]

Internet and new media [link]

In October 2006 the NFL announced the league would fully operate NFL.com, including the development of the technology, infrastructure and editorial content. Launching its first major redesign since 1999 in August 2007, the site had been previously produced and hosted since 2001 by CBS SportsLine. It is estimated that the contract cost CBS $120 million over a five year period. Prior to CBS, ESPN.com produced and hosted the NFL site.^[31]

Brian Rolapp, senior vice president of NFL digital media and media strategy: “In a rapidly changing digital landscape, bringing NFL.com in-house provides us greater control of our valuable content and enables us to strategically build the site as a media asset. Fans can look forward to an even more entertaining, interactive and informative site built upon the expertise of the NFL and its other in-house media outlets such as NFL Network and NFL Films.”

Univision Online, Inc., the interactive subsidiary of Univision Communications Inc., and the NFL announced in January 2008 that they will jointly manage and operate NFLatino.com powered by Univision.com, the official U.S. Spanish-language website of the NFL. NFLatino.com is the only Spanish-language website in the United States to feature NFL video game highlights. In addition, the website includes live radio broadcasts, up-to-date stats, Hispanic player diaries, Fantasy Football and an insider’s view of all 32 teams.^[32]

Announced in March 2009, NFL.com received its first-ever Sports Emmy nominations, which earned recognition for its NFL.com LIVE coverage of NFL Network’s Thursday and Saturday Night Football (Outstanding new approaches, coverage) and its Anatomy of a Play, a short-form 360-degree analysis of key plays of the week (Outstanding new approaches, general interest).^[33]

Beginning September 2008, the NFL announced that it would simulcast all NBC Sunday Night Football games on NFL.com, located at nfl.com/snf. In 2007, they had provided an Emmy-nominated "complementary live broadcast" which included a partial simulcast of the NFL Network's Run to the Playoffs eight game package along with expanded NFL Network analysis. The number of games available on the Internet will expand over the course of the next television contract, as all of the networks except CBS acquired Internet rights to the league; many of these, however, will only be available through select Internet providers (Monday Night Football, for instance, is only available through Verizon FiOS, Time Warner Cable and Bright House Networks).

The NFL offers a pay service for people outside the United States to watch all regular season and playoff games, except for the Super Bowl, live online. This service is not available for fans within the United States or Mexico.^[34] Instead, the service is available after games are played and offers full DVR functionality with the ability to watch up to four previously recorded games at once.

The NFL introduced a hosted fantasy football game prior to the 2010 NFL season. NFL.com Fantasy Football is a free fantasy football site featuring live scoring, custom and public fantasy leagues and prizes such as a trip to that year's Super Bowl. The NFL.com Fantasy game is the first of its kind to feature video highlights.^[35] Video highlights appear as soon as 30 seconds after they occur in an NFL game, a feature exclusive to NFL.com. Users can join and create leagues each June at http://nfl.com/fantasy.

Player contracts and compensation [link]

The National Football League Players Association (NFLPA) has historically served as the labor union for NFL players. Among its duties is negotiating collective bargaining agreements (CBA) with league owners, which governs the negotiation of individual player contracts for all of the league's players. The NFLPA was established in 1956, and has renounced collective bargaining rights at least twice in its history during labor disputes: the 1987 strike and the 2011 lockout.

One CBA was in place since 1993, and was amended in 1998 and again in 2006. But in 2008, the owners exercised their right to opt out of the agreement two years early.^[36]^[37] This led to a lockout in 2011, the NFL's first work stoppage since 1987, which is longer than Major League Baseball (1994 and beginning of 1995 seasons), the NBA (1998–99 season) or the NHL (2004–05 season canceled).

Among the items covered in the CBA are:

The league minimum salary
The salary cap
The annual collegiate draft
Rules regarding "free agency"
Waiver rules

Under the 1993 CBA, players were tiered into three different levels with regards to their rights to negotiate for contracts:

Players who have been drafted (see below), and have not yet played in their first year, may only negotiate with the team that drafted them.^[36] If terms cannot be agreed upon, the players' only recourse is to refuse to play ("hold out") until terms can be reached. Players often use the threat of holding out as a means to force the hands of the teams that drafted them. For example, John Elway was drafted by the Baltimore Colts in 1983 but refused to play for them. He had a fallback option of baseball, as he had played in the New York Yankees organization for two summers while at Stanford. The Colts traded his rights to the Denver Broncos and Elway agreed to play.^[38] Bo Jackson sat out an entire year in 1986, choosing to play baseball in the Kansas City Royals organization rather than play for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, the team that had drafted him. He reentered the draft the following year, and was drafted and subsequently signed with the Los Angeles Raiders.^[39]
Players that have played three full seasons in the league, and whose contract has expired are considered "Restricted Free Agents" (see below). They have limited rights to negotiate with any club.^[36]
Players that have played four or more full seasons in the league, and whose contract has expired, are considered "Unrestricted Free Agents"(see below) and have unlimited rights to negotiate with any club. Teams may name a single player in any given year as a "Franchise Player" (see below), which eliminates much of that player's negotiation rights. This is a limited right of the team, however, and affects only a small handful of players each year.^[36]

In the 2010 season, the CBA was not extended, thus changing the rules so that players don't become "Unrestricted Free Agents" until they have played at least six full seasons in the league. They will be "Restricted Free Agents" if they have three–five full seasons in the league.

Under the current (2011) CBA, several items were altered:^[40]

Free agency guidelines returned to the way they were from 1993 to 2009. This means that a player needs four years of experience to become an unrestricted free agent, and three years of experience for restricted free agency.
The salary cap is now $120.375 million, with no team salary minimum.^[41] For the 2011 season, teams have the option of using a $3 million exemption on a signed player. For the years following the 2011 season, teams have the option of designating three player exemptions at $1.5 million each.
The salary minimum will return for the 2013 season, at which time each team must spend at least 89% of the cap in cash on player salaries.^[41]
The rookie compensation was altered. There is a limit to the amount of money given to rookies, with the maximum total in 2011 being $874 million. First round picks receive four-year deals, with a fifth year option. In the second through seventh rounds, there are slotted four-year deals.
The league minimum salary for players increased by 10-12 percent, based on tenure.
A team's ability to place a franchise or transition tag on top players to retain his rights did not change. Other major concerns included health and safety of players, as well as former player benefits and pensions.

The new 10-year collective bargaining agreement runs through 2021, and has an estimated value of $12–$16 billion per year.^[42]^[43]

For more information on the players' and owners' takeaways with the 2011 CBA, see the 2011 NFL lockout article.

Salaries [link]

A player's salary, as defined by the CBA, includes any "compensation in money, property, investments, loans or anything else of value to which an NFL player may be awarded" excluding such benefits as insurance and pension. A salary can include an annual pay and a one-time "signing bonus" which is paid in full when the player signs his contract. For the purposes of the salary cap (see below), the signing bonus is prorated over the life of the contract rather than to the year in which the signing bonus is paid.^[44]

Among other things, the CBA establishes a minimum salary for its players,^[44] which is stepped-up as a player's years of experience increase. Players and their agents may negotiate with clubs for higher salaries, and frequently do.

Under the new collective bargaining agreement (2011), Paragraph 5 guarantees first year after year of injury 50% of salary up to $1 million; 30% of salary up to $500,000 in second year after year of injury.^[45]

Salary cap [link]

The salary cap is defined as the maximum amount that a team may spend on player compensation (see above) in a given season, for all of its players combined. Unlike other leagues, for example the NBA (which permits certain exemptions) or Major League Baseball (which has a "soft cap" enforced by "luxury taxes"), the NFL has a "hard cap": an amount no team under any circumstances may exceed. The NFL also has a so-called "hard floor", a minimum payroll that each team is required to pay regardless of the circumstances.

The NFL salary cap is calculated by the current CBA to be 59.5% of the total projected league revenue for the upcoming year. This number, divided by the number of teams, determines an individual team's maximum salary cap. For 2008, this was approximately $116 million per team.^[46] For 2009, it increased to $127 million.^[47] As a result of the NFL owners opting out of the CBA two years early, the 2010 season had no salary cap or floor.^[37] Under the 2011 CBA, players get the following percentages of league revenue from three revenue streams:^[17]

55% of TV revenues
45% from NFL Ventures and NFL Properties
40% of net local revenues at the club level

Teams and players often find creative ways to fit salaries under the salary cap. Early in the salary cap era, "signing bonuses" were used to give players a large chunk of money up front, and thus not count in the salary for the bulk of the contract. This led to a rule whereby all signing bonus are pro-rated equally for each year of the contract. Thus if a player receives a $10 million signing bonus for a five-year contract, $2 million per year would count against the salary cap for the life of the contract, even though the full $10 million was paid up front during the first year of the contract.^[44]

Player contracts tend to be "back-loaded". This means that the contract is not divided equally among the time period it covers. Instead, the player earns progressively more and more each year. For instance, a player signing a four-year deal worth $10 million may get paid $1 million the first year, $2 million the second year, $3 million the third year, and $4 million the fourth year. If a team cuts this player after the first year, the final three years do not count against the cap. Any signing bonus, however, ceases to be pro-rated, and the entire balance of the bonus counts against the cap in the upcoming season.^[44]

NFL Draft [link]

For more details on this topic, see National Football League Draft.

Each April, each NFL franchise seeks to add new players to its roster through a collegiate draft known as "the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting", which is more commonly known as the NFL Draft.

Teams are ranked in inverse order based on the previous season's record, with the team having the worst record picking first, and the second-worst picking second, and so on. Regardless of regular season records, the last two picks of each round go to the two teams in the Super Bowl immediately preceding the draft, with the Super Bowl champion picking last.

The draft proceeds for seven rounds. In the past, Rounds 1–2 were run on Saturday of draft weekend, rounds 3–7 were run on Sunday.

During 2010 the league experimented with a new system. Round 1 was run on Thursday night of the draft weekend. Rounds 2 and 3 were run on the Friday night of the draft weekend. Rounds 4 through 7 were run on Saturday. The impact of this change—according to commentators at ESPN and Sports Illustrated—was that teams gained more time to make trades for draft picks in the early rounds and that process enhanced the value of the first picks in Rounds 2 and 4. ^[48]

Teams are given 10 minutes in the first round of the draft, 7 in the second round and 5 in all other rounds.^[49] If the pick is not made in the allotted time, subsequent teams in the draft may draft before them. This happened in 2003 to the Minnesota Vikings.^[50]

Teams have the option of trading away their picks to other teams for different picks, players, cash, or a combination thereof. While player-for-player trades are rare during the rest of the year (especially in comparison to the other major league sports), trades are far more common on draft day. In 1989, the Dallas Cowboys traded running back Herschel Walker to the Minnesota Vikings for five veteran players and six draft picks over 3 years. The Cowboys would use these picks to leverage trades for additional draft picks and veteran players. As a direct result of this trade, they would draft many of the stars who would help them win three Super Bowls in the 1990s, including Emmitt Smith, Russell Maryland, and Darren Woodson.^[51]

The first pick in the draft is often taken to be the best overall player in the rookie class. This may or may not be true, since teams often select players based more on the teams' needs than on the players' overall skills. Plus, comparing players at different positions is difficult to do. Still, it is considered a great honor to be a first-round pick, and a greater honor to be the first overall pick. The last pick in the draft is known as Mr. Irrelevant, and is the subject of a dinner in his (dubious) honor in Newport Beach, California.

Drafted players may only negotiate with the team that drafted them (or to another team if their rights were traded away). The drafting team has one year to sign the player. If they do not do so, the player may reenter the draft and can be drafted by another team. Bo Jackson famously sat out a season in this way.^[39]

As of the 2011 NFL season, the college with the most active players in the NFL is the University of Miami, with 42.^[52]

Further information: List of NFL first overall draft choices

Free agency [link]

For more details on this topic, see Free Agent#National Football League usage.

General [link]

As defined by the Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA), a free agent is any player who is not under contract to any team and thus has fully free rights to negotiate with any other team for new contract terms.^[36]^[53] Free agents are classified into two categories: restricted and unrestricted. Furthermore, a team may "tag" a player as a franchise or transition, which places additional restrictions on that player's ability to negotiate. However, the ability to "tag" is quite limited, and only affects a handful of players each year.

Free agency in the NFL began with a limited free agency system known as "Plan B Free Agency", which was in effect between the 1989 and 1992 seasons. Beginning with the 1993 season, "Plan A Free Agency" went into effect.

Restricted free agent [link]

For more details on this topic, see Restricted free agent.

A player who has 3 years of experience is eligible for restricted free agency, whereby his current team has the chance to retain rights to this player by matching the highest offer any other NFL franchise might make to that player. The club can either block a signing or, in essence, force a trade by offering a salary over a certain threshold. In 2006, these thresholds were as follows:

If a club tenders an offer of $685,000 per year for a three year veteran, and $725,000 for a four year veteran, the player's current team has "right of first refusal" over the contract at those terms, and may sign the player at those terms.
If a club tenders an offer of $712,000 or 110% (whichever is greater) of the previous year's salary, then the current club has both "right of first refusal" and rights to a draft pick from the same round (or better) from the signing club. Essentially, this means that the new club must forfeit the draft pick to the old club if they wish to sign the player under these terms.
If a club tenders an offer of $1.552 million or 110% (whichever is greater) of the previous year's salary, then the current club has both "right of first refusal"; and rights to the first round draft pick from the signing club.^[53]

In 2011, free agency guidelines returned to the way they were from 1993 to 2009. This means that a player needs four years of experience to become an unrestricted free agent, and three years of experience for restricted free agency.^[40]

Unrestricted free agent [link]

A player who has four or more years of experience is eligible for unrestricted free agency, whereby his current team has no guaranteed right to match outside offers to that player. This means that players in this category have unlimited rights to negotiate any terms with any team.^[53]

Free agency changes in 2010 [link]

In 2010, the CBA was not extended, thus the rules changed so that players don't become "Unrestricted Free Agents" until they have at least six years of experience. They will be "Restricted Free Agents" if they have three–five years of experience. There will also be limitations imposed on which clubs are allowed to sign free agents. This is part of a set of rule changes written into the CBA designed to encourage the owners and the NFLPA to negotiate a new CBA: the players lose some free agency rights, and the owners lose the salary cap.^[36]

Franchise tag [link]

For more details on this topic, see Franchise tag.

The franchise tag is a designation given to a player by a franchise that guarantees that player a contract the average of the five highest-paid players of that same position in the entire league, or 120% of the player's previous year's salary (whichever is greater) in return for retaining rights to that player for one year. An NFL franchise may only designate one player a year as having the franchise tag, and may designate the same player for consecutive years. This has caused some tension between some NFL franchise designees and their respective teams due to the fact that a player designated as a franchise player precludes that player from pursuing large signing bonuses that are common in unrestricted free agency, and also prevents a player from leaving the team, especially when the reasons for leaving are not necessarily financial. A team may, at their discretion, allow the franchise player to negotiate with other clubs, but if he signs with another club, the first club is entitled to two first round draft picks in compensation.^[53]

Banned substances policy [link]

The NFL banned substances policy has been acclaimed by some^[54] and criticized by others,^[55] but the policy is the longest running in American professional sports, beginning in 1987.^[54] The current policy of the NFL suspends players without pay who test positive for banned substances as it has since 1989: four games for the first offense (a quarter of the regular season), eight games for a second offense (half of the regular season), and 12 months for a third offense.^[56] The suspended games may be either regular season games or playoff games.^[56]

While recently MLB and the NHL decided to permanently ban athletes for a third offense, they have long been resistant to such measures, and random testing is in its infancy.^[57]^[58]

Since the NFL started random, year-round tests and suspending players for banned substances, many more players have been found to be in violation of the policy. By April 2005, 111 NFL players had tested positive for banned substances, and of those 111, the NFL suspended 54.^[55]

A new rule is in the works due to Shawne Merriman. Starting the 2007 season, the new rule would prohibit any player testing positive for banned substances from being able to play in the Pro Bowl that year.^[59]

In 2009, nearly 1 in 10 retired NFL players polled in a confidential survey said they had used now-banned anabolic steroids while still playing. 16.3 percent of offensive linemen admitted using steroids, as did 14.8 percent of defensive linemen.^[60]

Video games [link]

There have been several American football video games based on NFL teams created for various consoles over the years, from 10-Yard Fight and the Tecmo Bowl series for the NES to the more well known Madden series that have been released annually since 1988. The Madden series is named after former coach and American football commentator John Madden. Prior to the 2005–2006 football season, other NFL games were produced by competing video game publishers, such as 2K Games and Midway Games. However, in December 2004, Electronic Arts signed a five-year exclusive agreement with the NFL, meaning only Electronic Arts will be permitted to publish games featuring NFL team and player names. This prompted video game developer Midway Games to release a game in 2005 called Blitz: The League, with fictitious teams and players. In February 2008, EA Sports renewed their exclusivity agreement with the league through Super Bowl XLVII in 2013.^[61] A free flash based online game called Quick Hit Football was released in 2009 and was granted an official NFL license in 2010.

Management [link]

Commissioners and presidents

Temporary Secretary Ralph Hay (1920)
President Jim Thorpe (September 17, 1920 – April 30, 1921)^[62]
President Joseph Carr (April 30, 1921 – May 20, 1939)
President Carl Storck (May 25, 1939 – April 5, 1941)
Commissioner Elmer Layden (March 1, 1941 – January 11, 1946)
Commissioner Bert Bell (January 11, 1946 – October 11, 1959)
Interim President Austin Gunsel (October 14, 1959 – January 26, 1960, following death of Bell)
Commissioner Alvin "Pete" Rozelle (January 26, 1960 – November 5, 1989)
Commissioner Paul Tagliabue (November 5, 1989 – September 1, 2006)
Commissioner Roger Goodell (September 1, 2006–present)

Main league offices

Canton (1920–1921)
Columbus (1921–1941)
Chicago (1941–1946)
Philadelphia (1946–1960)
New York City (1960–present)

Franchise owners [link]

Main article: List of NFL franchise owners

Unlike many professional leagues, the NFL forbids corporate owners. Ownership groups must contain twenty-four or fewer individuals, and at least one partner must hold a thirty percent or greater share of the team. The Green Bay Packers are an exemption to the current policy, since they have been a publicly owned stock corporation since before the rule was in place.^[63]

In recent years, NFL owners and the NFL itself have become politically active, donating millions of dollars to political candidates.^[64]

Uniform numbers [link]

Main article: Uniform number (American football)

In the NFL, players wear uniform numbers based on the position they play. The current system was instituted into the league on April 5, 1973,^[65] as a means for fans and officials (referees, linesmen) to more easily identify players on the field by their position. Players who were already in the league at that date were grandfathered and did not have to change their uniform numbers if they did not conform. Since that date, players are invariably assigned numbers within the following ranges, based on their primary position:

Quarterbacks, Placekickers and Punters: 1–19
Wide Receivers: 10–19 and 80–89
Running Backs and Defensive Backs: 20–49
Offensive Linemen: 50–79
Linebackers: 50–59 and 90–99, or 40–49 if all are taken
Defensive Linemen: 50–79 and 90–99
Tight Ends: 80–89, or 40–49

Prior to 2004, wide receivers were allowed to wear only numbers 80–89.^[66] The NFL changed the rule that year to allow wide receivers to wear numbers 10–19 to allow for the increased number of players at wide receiver and tight end coming into the league. Linebackers are allowed to wear numbers between 40–49 when all of the numbers 50–59 and 90–99 are taken. Prior to that, players were allowed to wear non-standard numbers only if their team had run out of numbers within the prescribed number range. Keyshawn Johnson began wearing number 19 in 1996 because the New York Jets had run out of numbers in the 80s. Oakland Raider offensive center Jim Otto wore a 00 jersey during most of his career with the AFL team and kept the number after the leagues merged. Devin Hester is a wide receiver/return specialist for the Chicago Bears but wears number 23 because he was drafted as a cornerback but transferred to wide receiver after his rookie year.

Occasionally, players will petition the NFL to allow them to wear a number that is not in line with the numbering system. Brad Van Pelt, a linebacker who entered the NFL in 1973 with the New York Giants, wore number 10 during his eleven seasons with the club, despite not being covered by the grandfather clause. In 2006, New Orleans Saints running back Reggie Bush petitioned the NFL to let him keep the number 5 which he used at USC. His request was later denied.^[67] Former Seattle Seahawks standout Brian Bosworth attempted such a petition in 1987 (to wear his collegiate number of 44 at the linebacker position which he used at the University of Oklahoma), also without success. The Seahawks attempted to get around the rule by listing Bosworth as a safety, but after he wore number 44 for a game against the Kansas City Chiefs, the NFL ruled Bosworth would have to switch back to his original number, 55.

To aid the officials in spotting certain penalties, such as "illegal formation" or "ineligible receiver", usually only offensive players with numbers 1–49 and 80–89 are allowed to play at the end or back positions or handle the ball in normal game situations. However, a player wearing 50–79 or 90–99 may play in an "eligible" position simply by reporting to the referee that he will be doing so. The NFL numbering system is based on a player's primary position. Any player wearing any number may play at any position on the field at any time, subject to the reporting rules described above. It is not uncommon for running backs to line up at wide receiver on certain plays, or even to have a large offensive or defensive lineman play at fullback or tight end in short yardage situations. Also, in preseason games, when teams have expanded rosters, players may wear numbers that are outside of the above rules. When the final 53-player roster is established, they are reissued numbers within the above guidelines.

Awards [link]

Cheerleading [link]

Further information: National Football League Cheerleading

26 of the 32 NFL teams are supported by their own professional cheerleading squads. These squads attend games and promote the team. The teams without cheerleading squads are the Pittsburgh Steelers, Cleveland Browns, Chicago Bears, Green Bay Packers, New York Giants, and Detroit Lions.

Concussions and brain safety [link]

There is wide-ranging criticism regarding whether the NFL has been sufficiently proactive regarding issues of brain safety.

In Nov. 2011, the Journal of Neurosurgery released a study online conducted by Cleveland Clinic's Center for Spine Health in which various helmets were compared with each other by having crash test dummies wear the helmets. It was found that vintage leather helmets tested similarly to modern helmets, and in some cases, the leather helmets provided superior protection against concussive blows. However, the leather helmets do not provide as much protection against catastrophic skull fracture.^[68]^[69]^[70]

As of May 2012, the NFL faces about 70 lawsuits involving approximately 1,800 former players.^[71] For example, in April 2012, a group of former Dallas Cowboys including Hall of Fame players Randy White, Bob Lilly, and Rayfield Wright joined with other retired players in filing a lawsuit accusing the NFL of ignoring a link between concussions and permanent brain injury.^[72]

References [link]

Notes [link]

^ Jozsa, Frank P. (2004). Sports capitalism: the foreign business of American professional leagues. Ashgate Publishing. p. 270. ISBN 978-0-7546-4185-8. "Since 1922, [the NFL] has been the top professional sports league in the world with respect to American football"
^ Cohen, Rick (2008). "Playing by the NFL's Tax Exempt Rules". The Nonprofit Quarterly (Q4). http://www.nonprofitquarterly.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3056:playing-by-the-nfls-tax-exempt-rules&catid=149:rick-cohen&Itemid=117. Retrieved October 3, 2010.
^ Wilson, Duff (August 11, 2008). "N.F.L. Executives Hope to Keep Salaries Secret". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/08/12/sports/football/12nfltax.html. Retrieved October 4, 2010. "the N.F.L. headquarters in New York has nonprofit status, akin to a chamber of commerce."
^ Shea, Bill (January 11, 2010). "NFL labor, legal issues hang over Detroit Lions' rebuilding efforts". Crain's Detroit Business. http://www.allbusiness.com/sports-recreation/professional-sports-sports/13722298-1.html. Retrieved October 4, 2010.
^ "IRC 501(c)(6) Organizations" (PDF). United States Internal Revenue Service. 2003. p. 4 (K–2). http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-tege/eotopick03.pdf. Retrieved October 5, 2010.
^ See corporate disclosure statement and statement of facts; Brief of NFL Respondents, in American Needle, Inc v. National Football League, et seq, Supreme Court of the United States, case no. 08-661, filed January 21, 2008
^ For example, "The Detroit Lions is a 'Professional' Football team owned by William Clay Ford, Sr., with a membership in the National Football League (NFL), which is an unincorporated association governed by its own constitution and bylaws." Detroit Lions v. National Football League, 41 < MI.4th 624, 629 (2007).
^ Harris, Nick (February 8, 2011). "ANALYSIS: Super Bowl's record TV audience follows optimistic NFL attendances". Sporting Intelligence. http://www.sportingintelligence.com/2011/02/08/analysis-super-bowl-record-tv-audience-follows-optimistic-nfl-attendances-080101. Retrieved February 12, 2011.
^ MacCambridge, 2004–2005 pg.267
^ Harris, Nick (January 31, 2010). "Elite clubs on Uefa gravy train as Super Bowl knocked off perch". The Independent (London). http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/football/european/elite-clubs-on-uefa-gravy-train-as-super-bowl-knocked-off-perch-1884429.html.
^ "NFL Announces 2002–2009 Schedule Rotation". August 22, 2001. http://www.giants.com/news/press_releases/story.asp?story_id=812. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
^ "NFL to make West Coast road format more reasonable". ESPN. http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=4009230. Retrieved December 19, 2009.
^ "NFL schedule navigated World Series, other conflicts". Sports Business Journal. April 26, 2010. http://www.sportsbusinessjournal.com/article/65537. Retrieved November 27, 2010.
^ "NFL Tie-Breaking Procedures". Nfl.com. http://www.nfl.com/standings/tiebreakingprocedures. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
^ Mortensen, Chris (April 26, 2012). "Pro Bowl game likely to be shelved". ESPN.com. http://espn.go.com/nfl/story/_/id/7857508/nfl-moving-suspend-pro-bowl-sources-say. Retrieved April 26, 2012.
^ Zahniser, David; Farmer, Sam (August 10, 2011). "Los Angeles OKs outlines of downtown football stadium deal". Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-me-stadium-vote-20110810,0,5909713.story.
^ ^a ^b ^c Van Riper, Tom (January 13, 2009). "The world's most valuable pro sports teams". Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/2009/01/13/nfl-cowboys-yankees-biz-media-cx_tvr_0113values.html. Retrieved January 24, 2009.
^ Although a story in a Buffalo business journal could be read as valuing the ice hockey team Toronto Maple Leafs at $2.25 billion, this is a misinterpretation—the stated value is actually for the Leafs' parent company, Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment. In addition to the Leafs, MLSE owns the NBA's Toronto Raptors, the Major League Soccer team Toronto FC, the Leafs' and Raptors' home of Air Canada Centre, three Canadian specialty TV channels, and several other significant assets. See Maple Leafs could sell for $225B. Business First. Retrieved May 13, 2011.
^ Associated Press (March 28, 2012). "Dodgers sold to Magic Johnson group". ESPNLosAngeles.com. http://espn.go.com/los-angeles/mlb/story/_/id/7745566/los-angeles-dodgers-selling-team-magic-johnson-group-2b. Retrieved April 26, 2012.
^ Gage, Jack; P. Maidment (April 30, 2008). "The Most Valuable Soccer Teams". Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/2008/04/30/valuable-soccer-teams-biz-soccer08-cx_jg_pm_0430soccer_land.html. Retrieved September 28, 2006.
^ "History: History of NFL franchises, 1920–present". Profootballhof.com. http://www.profootballhof.com/history/stats/franchises.aspx. Retrieved December 20, 2010.
^ "George Halas: Hall of Fame Member". Pro Football Hall of Fame. http://www.profootballhof.com/hof/member.jsp?player_id=85. Retrieved February 5, 2011.
^ "Nielson's Top 10 Ratings: Top 10 Network Telecasts of All Time". Archived from the original on February 6, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070206070026/http://www.nielsenmedia.com/ratings/topnetworktelecasts.htm. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ McKenna, Barrie (September 6, 2006). "NBC hoping NFL, Internet will lead comeback". Globe And Mail (Toronto). http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/technology/article842171.ece. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
^ ^a ^b "NFL TV and Radio Broadcast Partner Schedule, NFL.com". http://www.nfl.com/schedules. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ ""Bryant Gumbel, Cris Collinsworth to announce NFL Network games", NFL News, NFL.com, April 26, 2006". Archived from the original on January 16, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070116173503/http://www.nfl.com/nflnetwork/story/9398370. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ "NFL Sunday Ticket". Archived from the original on March 11, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070311153948/http://www.directv.com/DTVAPP/global/contentPage.jsp?assetId=900046. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ "NFL Sunday Ticket". Archived from the original on January 16, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070116170630/http://www.nfl.com/ticket. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ "NFL RedZone". http://redzonetv.nfl.com/. Retrieved September 6, 2009.
^ "NFL TV and Radio Broadcast Partner Schedule, NFL.com". http://www.nfl.com/schedules.
^ "NFL Ends Deal With CBS; Opts For DIY Model, PaidContent.org". http://paidcontent.org/article/nfl-ends-deals-deal-with-cbs-opts-for-diy-model/. Retrieved October 24, 2006.
^ "Univision.Com and National Football League Launch the Ultimate NFL Experience for Online Hispanics, Univision.com". http://corporate.univision.com/corp/en/pr/New_York_31012008-2.html. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
^ "NFL Network, NFL Films and NFL.com garner Emmy nominations, NFL.com". http://www.nfl.com/nflnetwork/story?id=09000d5d80732b5f&template=without-video&confirm=true. Retrieved March 13, 2008.
^ NFL Game Pass Online Help. gamepass.nfl.com. Retrieved October 11, 2010.
^ "Will Video Aid the Fantasy Star?, Wall Street Journal". http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704875604575280821020904064.html. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Collective Bargaining Agreement Between the NFL Management Council and the NFL Players Association, nflpa.org, As amended March 8, 2006". Archived from the original on April 29, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070429012736/http://www.nflpa.org/CBA/CBA_Complete.aspx. Retrieved April 20, 2007.
^ ^a ^b "NFL owners opt out of CBA". May 20, 2008. http://www.nfl.com/news/story?id=09000d5d80868b78&template=without-video&confirm=true.
^ "The Life and Football Career of John Elway, johnelway.com". http://www.johnelway.com/johnelwaybio.aspx. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ ^a ^b "Flatter, Ron "Bo knows stardom and disappointment", ESPN.com Classic/Bio, March 6, 2006". http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/classic/bio/news/story?page=Jackson_Bo. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ ^a ^b Davis, Nate (25 July 2011). "NFL, Players Announce New 10-Year Labor Agreement". USA Today. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/thehuddle/post/2011/07/reports-nfl-players-agree-to-new-collective-bargaining-agreement/1. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
^ ^a ^b Florio, Mike (July 30, 2011). "Per-team spending minimum doesn't apply until 2013". Profootballtalk.com. NBC Sports. http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2011/07/30/per-team-spending-minimum-doesnt-apply-until-2013/. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
^ Clayton, John (25 July 2011). "What the New CBA Means in Football Terms". ESPN. http://espn.go.com/nfl/story/_/id/6790759/what-new-nfl-cba-means-football-terms. Retrieved 25 October 2011.
^ Davis, Nate (July 25, 2011). "NFL, players announce new 10-year labor agreement". USA Today. Archived from the original on September 30, 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/625kzLvur. Retrieved September 23, 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "CBA". http://images.nflplayers.com/mediaResources/files/PDFs/General/NFL%20COLLECTIVE%20BARGAINING%20AGREEMENT%202006%20-%202012.pdf. Retrieved July 17, 2009.
^ "Collective Bargaining Agreement". Collective Bargaining Agreement. NFL and NFLPA. http://bizoffootball.com/index.php?view=article&catid=54%3Anfl-labor-news&id=857%3Atext-of-brief-of-new-nfl-cba-to-player-agents&format=pdf&option=com_content&Itemid=79. Retrieved 23 January 2012.
^ Updated on January 19, 2009 (January 19, 2009). "AskTheCommish.com". AskTheCommish.com. http://www.askthecommish.com/salarycap/faq.asp. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
^ "NFLplayers.com". NFLplayers.com. http://www.nflplayers.com/user/content.aspx?fmid=178&lmid=443&pid=2952. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
^ http://www.nfl.com/draft/2010 and www.si.com
^ "NFL Draft Basics:Time Limits by Round football.about.com, retrieved November 2, 2006". http://football.about.com/library/weekly/bl_drafttimelimits.htm. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ "Black, James C. " Off-season Overview: Minnesota Vikings" May 29, 2003, ESPN.com, retrieved November 2, 2006". http://static.espn.go.com/nfl/overview/vikings2003.html. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ ""The Herschel Walker Trade", Scout.com, Retrieved November 2, 2006". http://min.scout.com/2/11653.html. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ "Despite lackluster college careers, NFL teams see quality in Miami Hurricanes' prospects", The Palm Beach Post, April 21, 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Free Agency 101, askthecommish.com, retrieved November 6, 2006". http://www.askthecommish.com/freeagency/. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ ^a ^b Maske, Mark; Shapiro, Leonard (April 28, 2005). "NFL's Steroid Policy Gets Kudos on Capitol Hill". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A21734-2005Apr28.html. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
^ ^a ^b Joel Roberts (April 27, 2005). "NFL Steroid Policy 'Not Perfect', House Committee Praises Tougher Testing Policy, But Still May Act – CBS News". Cbsnews.com. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2005/04/27/national/main691147_page3.shtml. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
^ ^a ^b "NFLPA.org". NFLPA.org. Archived from the original on June 24, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080624231704/http://www.nflpa.org/pdfs/RulesAndRegs/BannedSubstances.pdf. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
^ Kiely, Kathy (November 17, 2005). "– MLB, players agree to update drug policy". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/baseball/2005-11-15-steroids-agreement_x.htm. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
^ "NHL unveils new drug testing policy". CTV.ca. September 28, 2005. http://www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/CTVNewsAt11/20050928/NHL_doping_050928/. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
^ TV Station 7/39 KNSD (NBC in San Diego, CA) Broadcast 5:00 am News on February 8, 2007. (Retrieved from the Global Broadcast Database on September 17, 2008)
^ Health.usnews.com
^ Thorsen, Tor (February 12, 2008). "EA Sports extends NFL deal through 2012 season – Xbox 360 News at GameSpot". Gamespot.com. http://www.gamespot.com/news/6185880.html. Retrieved May 3, 2010.
^ "1921 Once more, with feeling". Professional Football Researchers Association. Archived from the original on December 11, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071211161209/http://www.footballresearch.com/articles/frpage.cfm?topic=1921b. Retrieved October 18, 2006.
^ NFL may drop ownership rules, The (Oklahoma City) Journal Record, September 1, 1998
^ Levinthal, Dave (September 17, 2009). "Politicians Score Significant Cash From NFL Owners, Coaches and Players". Opensecrets.org. http://www.opensecrets.org/news/2009/09/politicians-score-significant.html. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
^ "NFL uniform numbering system". http://football.about.com/cs/football101/a/bl_numbersystem.htm. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ "2004 NFL Rules changes". http://football.about.com/od/nationalfootballleague/a/04rulechanges.htm. Retrieved January 21, 2007.
^ Clayton, John (May 23, 2006). "NFL will not change numbering system for Bush". ESPN. http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=2455586. Retrieved May 23, 2011.
^ Study reveals leather helmets may help reduce concussions, USA Today, Erik Brady, 11/4/2011.
^ Why Leather Football Helmets Could Provide a Better Defense Against Concussion, Time magazine, Sean Gregory, November 7, 2011.
^ Impact test comparisons of 20th and 21st century American football helmets, ABSTRACT, Journal of Neurosurgery, Adam Bartsch, Ph.D., Edward Benzel, M.D., Vincent Miele, M.D., and Vikas Prakash, Ph.D., Jan. 2012 (published online November 4, 2011).
^ Another NFL concussion lawsuit filed, UPI, May 10, 2012.
^ Ex-Cowboys sue over concussions, ESPN, Associated Press, April 24, 2012.

Bibliography [link]

2006 NFL Record and Fact Book. Time Inc. Home Entertainment. ISBN 1-933405-32-5.
Total Football II: The Official Encyclopedia of the National Football League. Harper Collins. ISBN 1-933405-32-5.
MacCambridge, Michael (2004–2005), America's Game. New York:Anchor Books ISBN ISBN 978-0-307-48143-6

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: National Football League

Official website (Mobile)
Official NFL Players Association (labor union) website
Official Super Bowl website
NFL History – Champion and Award Lists
NFL Digest of Rules
ESPN.com's NFL Section
NFL Video at ESPN's Video Archive
Pro Football Reference – Historical stats of every team, player and coach in the NFL
Playerfilter – Sortable and exportable player, game and season data
NFL's Economic Model Shows Signs of Strain
Process of game-time decisions will eliminate TV duds, create chaos by Michael Hiestand, USA Today, April 5, 2006 (Last accessed April 5, 2006)
Five NFL teams worth over $1 billion
Gadget for iGoogle NFL standings and schedule

v t e National Football League (2012)
AFC	East	North	South	West
	Buffalo Bills	Baltimore Ravens	Houston Texans	Denver Broncos
	Miami Dolphins	Cincinnati Bengals	Indianapolis Colts	Kansas City Chiefs
	New England Patriots	Cleveland Browns	Jacksonville Jaguars	Oakland Raiders
	New York Jets	Pittsburgh Steelers	Tennessee Titans	San Diego Chargers
NFC	East	North	South	West
	Dallas Cowboys	Chicago Bears	Atlanta Falcons	Arizona Cardinals
	New York Giants	Detroit Lions	Carolina Panthers	St. Louis Rams
	Philadelphia Eagles	Green Bay Packers	New Orleans Saints	San Francisco 49ers
	Washington Redskins	Minnesota Vikings	Tampa Bay Buccaneers	Seattle Seahawks
Seasons (by team) · Regular season · Playoffs · AFC Championship · NFC Championship · Super Bowl (champions · quarterbacks) · Pro Bowl League Championship History: AFL Championship (1960–1969) · NFL Championship (1920–1969) · One-game playoff · Playoff Bowl
Defunct franchises · Owners · Officials · Properties · Stadiums (chronology) · Franchise timeline · Records (individual, team, Super Bowl) · All-Pro · Hall of Fame · Lore · Nicknames · AFL · Merger · History in Los Angeles, Toronto (Bills Series) · International Series · Europa (World Bowl) · TV · Radio · Management Council · NFLPA · Player conduct · Draft · Training camp · Preseason (Hall of Fame Game, American Bowl) · Kickoff · Monday Night Football · Thanksgiving Classic · Christmas games · NFL Charities · Playoff droughts · Rivalries · Tied games · Cancelled games · Controversies · Cheerleading

National Football League seasons

Early era
(1920–1969)

1920 • 1921 • 1922 • 1923 • 1924 • 1925 • 1926 • 1927 • 1928 • 1929 • 1930 • 1931 • 1932 • 1933 • 1934 • 1935 • 1936 • 1937 • 1938 • 1939 • 1940 • 1941 • 1942 • 1943 • 1944 • 1945 • 1946 • 1947 • 1948 • 1949 • 1950 • 1951 • 1952 • 1953 • 1954 • 1955 • 1956 • 1957 • 1958 • 1959 • 1960 • 1961 • 1962 • 1963 • 1964 • 1965 • 1966 • 1967 • 1968 • 1969

Modern era
(1970–present)

1970 • 1971 • 1972 • 1973 • 1974 • 1975 • 1976 • 1977 • 1978 • 1979 • 1980 • 1981 • 1982 • 1983 • 1984 • 1985 • 1986 • 1987 • 1988 • 1989 • 1990 • 1991 • 1992 • 1993 • 1994 • 1995 • 1996 • 1997 • 1998 • 1999 • 2000 • 2001 • 2002 • 2003 • 2004 • 2005 • 2006 • 2007 • 2008 • 2009 • 2010 • 2011 • 2012 • 2013

v t e National Football League awards and trophies

Team	Vince Lombardi Trophy Lamar Hunt Trophy (AFC) George Halas Trophy (NFC)

Individual	Most Valuable Player Coach of the Year Offensive Player of the Year Defensive Player of the Year Offensive Rookie of the Year Defensive Rookie of the Year Comeback Player of the Year Walter Payton Man of the Year "Whizzer" White Man of the Year Super Bowl MVP Pro Bowl MVP

One-time only	75th Anniversary All-Time Team (1994) All-Decade Teams NFL Honors

Defunct	Ed Thorp Memorial Trophy Brunswick-Balke Collender Cup NEA NFL Defensive MVP UPI AFL-AFC Player of the Year UPI NFC Player of the Year UPI AFL-AFC Rookie of the Year UPI NFL-NFC Rookie of the Year NEA NFL Rookie of the Year Award AFL All-Star Game MVP

v t e NFL Drafts

Early Era (1936–1959)	1936 · 1937 · 1938 · 1939 · 1940 · 1941 · 1942 · 1943 · 1944 · 1945 · 1946 · 1947 · 1948 · 1949 · 1950 · 1951 · 1952 · 1953 · 1954 · 1955 · 1956 · 1957 · 1958 · 1959

AFL and NFL Era (1960–1966)	AFL: 1960 · 1961 · 1962 · 1963 · 1964 · 1965 · 1966 \| NFL: 1960 · 1961 · 1962 · 1963 · 1964 · 1965 · 1966

Common Draft (1967–1969)	1967 · 1968 · 1969

Modern Era (1970–present)	1970 · 1971 · 1972 · 1973 · 1974 · 1975 · 1976 · 1977 · 1978 · 1979 · 1980 · 1981 · 1982 · 1983 · 1984 · 1985 · 1986 · 1987 · 1988 · 1989 · 1990 · 1991 · 1992 · 1993 · 1994 · 1995 · 1996 · 1997 · 1998 · 1999 · 2000 · 2001 · 2002 · 2003 · 2004 · 2005 · 2006 · 2007 · 2008 · 2009 · 2010 · 2011 · 2012 · 2013 · 2014

Expansion Drafts	1960 · 1961 · 1966 · 1967 · 1976 · 1995 · 1999 · 2002

Others	1950 AAFC Dispersal Draft · 1984 NFL Supplemental Draft of USFL and CFL Players

See also	List of first overall National Football League draft picks · Mr. Irrelevant

v t e Professional gridiron football leagues in North America

American football	Major national: National Football League Other national: United Football League Regional: Stars Football League Defunct international: Continental Football League · World League of American Football* Defunct national: All-America Football Conference · American Football League (1926) · American Football League (1936–1937) · American Football League (1940–1941) · American Football League (1960–1969) · United States Football League · World Football League · XFL Defunct regional: American Association (1936–1941)/American Football League (1946–1950)* · American Football Association (1979–1982) · American Football League (1934) · American Football League (1938–1939) · American Football League (1944) · Anthracite League · Atlantic Coast Football League* · Dixie League* · Eastern League of Professional Football · Midwest Football League · National Football League (1902) · New York Pro Football League · Ohio League · Pacific Coast Professional Football League* · Regional Football League · Seaboard Football League · Spring Football League · United Football League (1961) * Official NFL minor league; see also Association of Professional Football Leagues Folded or merged before any games were played: All American Football League (2008) · Professional Spring Football League · United National Gridiron League

Canadian football	National: Canadian Football League Evolved from amateur to professional leagues: Interprovincial Rugby Football Union · Western Interprovincial Football Union

Arena/ Indoor football	National: Arena Football League · Indoor Football League Regional: American Indoor Football · Continental Indoor Football League · Lone Star Football League · Professional Indoor Football League · United Indoor Football League Women's: Lingerie Football League Semi-pro: American Professional Football League · Independent Indoor Football Alliance Defunct: af2 · Eastern Indoor Football League · Indoor Football League (1999–2000) · Indoor Professional Football League · Intense Football League · National Indoor Football League · Professional Indoor Football League (original) · Southern Indoor Football League · United Indoor Football · World Indoor Football League (2007) Folded or merged before any games were played: World Indoor Football League (1988)

v t e Major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada

Canadian Football League Major League Baseball Major League Soccer National Basketball Association National Football League National Hockey League

http://wn.com/National_Football_League

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http://cs.wn.com/National Football League

http://id.wn.com/National Football League

http://es.wn.com/National Football League

http://ru.wn.com/Национальная футбольная лига

http://nl.wn.com/National Football League (Verenigde Staten)

http://pt.wn.com/National Football League

http://pl.wn.com/National Football League

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Marshawn Lynch

Lynch at the 2005 Las Vegas Bowl

No. 24 Seattle Seahawks

Running back

Personal information

Date of birth: April 22, 1986 (age 26)

Place of birth: Oakland, California

Height: 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m)

Weight: 220 lb (100 kg)

Career information

College: California

NFL Draft: 2007 / Round: 1 / Pick: 12

Debuted in 2007 for the Buffalo Bills

Career history

Buffalo Bills (2007–2010)
Seattle Seahawks (2010–present)

Roster status: Active

Career highlights and awards

2× Pro Bowl (2008, 2011)
Ranked #94 in the Top 100 Players of 2012
First-team All-American (2006)
First-team All-Pac-10 (2006)
Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Year (2006)
Holiday Bowl Co-MVP (2006)
Las Vegas Bowl MVP (2005)
Honorable mention All-Pac-10 (2005)

Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2011

Rushing yards	4,542
Rushing average	4.0
Rushing TDs	35
Stats at NFL.com

Marshawn Terrell Lynch (born April 22, 1986) is an American football running back for the Seattle Seahawks of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Buffalo Bills in the first round (12th overall) of the 2007 NFL Draft. In his rookie year, Lynch became the Bills' first 1,000-yard rookie rusher since Greg Bell in 1984.^[1] He finished the season with 1,115 total rushing yards and seven touchdowns. Lynch played college football at California, where he was the school's second all-time career rusher with 3,230 yards.^[2]

1 Early years
2 College career
- 2.1 Career statistics
3 NFL career
4 Personal
5 Legal issues
6 References
7 External links

Early years [link]

Lynch attended Oakland Technical High School. In his 2003 season, Lynch amassed 1,722 rushing yards and 23 touchdowns in only eight regular season games, and an additional 375 rushing yards and 10 touchdowns in two postseason games. He was voted a PrepStar and SuperPrep All-American and was also voted as the San Francisco East Bay Player of the Year.^[3]

Lynch experimented with other positions in high school. He played defensive back and accumulated 20 interceptions his senior year. His coaches put him at defensive end for one game, and he forced three fumbles. Lynch also played some quarterback and wide receiver in high school.^[4] Before high school, Lynch had originally played as an offensive guard.^[5] Rivals.com had him ranked #1 in the nation as a defensive back, but he decided to stick to his passion at running back. Lynch ended his high school career as the second-ranked running back in the nation in 2004 behind Adrian Peterson by Rivals.com.

In addition to being a star football player, Lynch was also an excellent track sprinter and played on Oakland Tech's basketball team alongside former Cal star and current Memphis Grizzlies forward Leon Powe.

College career [link]

Lynch attended University of California, Berkeley playing for the Golden Bears where his major was social welfare. In an online video posted in February 2008,^[6] Lynch implies he maintained a 3.2 GPA during his time at Cal.

As a true freshman in 2004, Lynch was the primary backup to senior J.J. Arrington. Lynch carried the ball 71 times for 628 yards with 8 rushing touchdowns and an additional 147 yards on 19 receptions and 2 receiving touchdowns.

In 2005, Arrington graduated and Lynch became the starting running back. Even though he missed two games due to a hand and finger injury, he still amassed 1,246 rushing yards with 10 touchdowns on 196 carries and an additional 125 yards on 15 receptions. In the 2005 Las Vegas Bowl, Lynch ran for 194 yards and three touchdowns on 24 carries and was named MVP.

Lynch wore jersey No. 24 his freshman year but switched to No. 10, his high school number. This switch placed him in sequence with his cousins Virdell Larkins (No. 9) and Robert Jordan (No. 11), also teammates at Cal.^[7]

In the 2006 preseason, Lynch earned a spot on the watchlist for the Maxwell Award, was named 8th best player in the nation by Sports Illustrated and earned several preseason All-American accolades.

On July 22, 2006, the Cal football program officially launched the campaign for Lynch to win the 2006 Heisman Trophy with the opening of the website Marshawn10.com, featuring Lynch's highlights from the 2004, 2005, and 2006 seasons.^[8] Lynch was named to the 2006 All Pac-10 team First Team.^[9] Lynch not only earned various awards, he also scored the game-winning overtime touchdown against Washington. He later called the run his favorite career highlight, after which Lynch spontaneously drove around the football field in an injury cart, pretending to ghost ride.^[10]

Lynch was also named the Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Year in 2006 and an AFCA (Coaches') All-America in 2006.

In his final game for California, Lynch ran for 111 yards and two touchdowns against Texas A&M in the Pacific Life Holiday Bowl on December 28, 2006. He shared the Co-Offensive Player of the Game award with teammate, quarterback Nate Longshore.

Lynch had a highly successful career at Cal and holds the school record for most 100-yard rushing games at 17.^[11]

On January 2, 2007, Lynch announced he would forgo his senior season and entered the NFL draft.^[12]

Career statistics [link]

Statistics up to date as of December 28, 2006. College statistics from CalBears.com^[13]^[14] and ESPN.com.^[15]

Rushing [link]

Year	Team	Games-Games Started	Carries	Yards	Average	Long	TDs
2004	Cal	12-0	71	628	8.8	70	8
2005	Cal	10-9	196	1,246	6.4	52	10
2006	Cal	13-11	223	1,356	6.1	71	11
Totals		35-20	490	3,230	6.6	71	29

Receiving [link]

Year	Team	Games-Games Started	Receptions	Yards	Average	Long	TDs
2004	Cal	12-0	19	147	7.7	29	2
2005	Cal	10-9	15	125	8.3	25	0
2006	Cal	13-11	34	328	9.6	28	4
Totals		35-20	68	600	8.8	29	6

Kick returns [link]

Year	Team	Games-Games Started	Returns	Yards	Average	Long
2004	Cal	12-0	15	372	24.8	69
2005	Cal	10-9	13	271	20.8	34
2006	Cal	13-11	5	101	20.2	27
Totals		35-20	33	744	22.5	69

NFL career [link]

2007 NFL Draft [link]

On April 28, 2007, Lynch was selected by the Buffalo Bills with the 12th overall pick in the first round of the 2007 NFL Draft. He agreed with the Bills to a six-year, $18.935 million contract. The deal included a $3 million signing bonus and contained $10.285 million in total guarantees.

Wt	40y	20ss	3-cone	Vert	BP	Wonderlic
Pre-draft measureables
215 lb*	4.46s*	4.58s*	7.09s*	35.5 in*	20*^[16]	14*

(* represents NFL Combine)

Buffalo Bills [link]

2007 season [link]

Lynch entered the 2007 season as the starter at running back for the Buffalo Bills. In his first game of the regular season on September 9, he gained 90 yards on 19 carries and scored his first touchdown in a 15–14 loss to the Denver Broncos. His breakout game came on November 4 against the Cincinnati Bengals. Lynch's success on the ground was instrumental in keeping the touted Cincinnati offense on the sidelines, as he rushed 29 times for 153 yards, including a 56-yard touchdown run. Lynch also completed a touchdown pass to tight end Robert Royal, the first touchdown pass completed by a Bills non-quarterback since 1981.^[17]

Lynch injured his ankle the following week against the Miami Dolphins and missed the next three games. He returned to play on December 9 for the second game of the Bills' season against the Dolphins, rushing for 107 yards and making his first career fumble. The game marked the first time that the Bills' offense produced two 100-yard rushers since 1996, as Fred Jackson also rushed for 115 yards.^[18] Lynch went over the 1,000-yard rushing mark on December 23 against the New York Giants, scoring a touchdown in the 38–21 loss which resulted in the Giants clinching a playoff berth. This made him the fourth Bills rookie to break the 1,000-yard mark, and the first since Greg Bell in 1984.^[1] He finished a successful rookie season with 1,115 total rushing yards and seven touchdowns.

Lynch was expected to be more involved in Buffalo's passing game in 2008, his second season as a pro. The Bills' new offensive coordinator Turk Schonert had stated a number of times that he anticipated Lynch "being in on third down a lot more" this season, citing Lynch's inexperience as a reason he was not very involved in 2007.

2008 season [link]

Lynch was held to a 2008 low of 16 yards rushing in a matchup against the New York Jets on November 2. He did not break 100 yards rushing in a game until November 17 on a Monday Night Football matchup against the Cleveland Browns, when he rushed for 119. The game also marked his first receiving touchdown. Two weeks later Lynch posted a season high 134 rushing yards against the San Francisco 49ers on November 30. Lynch went over the 1,000-yard mark for the season on December 14 in a rematch against the Jets when he rushed for 127 yards. He was able to stay healthy until injuring his shoulder in the second half of a Bills victory on December 21 against the Denver Broncos, during which he rushed for his eighth touchdown of the season. The injury kept him out of the Bills' final game of the season against the New England Patriots. Lynch finished the 2008 season with 1,036 yards rushing and eight rushing touchdowns. He posted 300 receiving yards on 47 receptions, including a receiving touchdown, compared to 184 yards on 18 receptions for the 2007 season. Lynch was selected to his first Pro Bowl, replacing an injured Chris Johnson.^[19] This made him the first Bills running back to head to the Pro Bowl since Travis Henry in 2002. Lynch was initially a first alternate.

2009 season [link]

Lynch carries the ball against the New York Jets in October 2009.

Following his guilty plea on misdemeanor weapons charges during the 2009 offseason, Lynch met with NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell for a disciplinary hearing.^[20] On April 9, the NFL announced that Lynch would be suspended for the Bills' first three games for violations of the NFL's personal conduct policy.^[21] Lynch appealed the league's suspension on May 14 in an attempt to have it reduced or nullified, only to have it upheld by Goodell later on August 3. When interviewed on the topic, Lynch has said that he was not surprised when the suspension was upheld, and that he loves playing too much and will try to keep himself out of situations in which there is a risk of being suspended.^[22]

Lynch played his first game of the 2009 season against the Miami Dolphins and played the rest of the season. Beginning November 29, he was supplanted as the Bills' starting running back by Fred Jackson, who had the first 1,000-yard rushing season of his career. Lynch finished the season with 450 yards on 120 carries with two rushing touchdowns and did not break 100 rushing yards in a single game.

2010 season [link]

Lynch suffered an ankle sprain in the Bills' preseason opening game against the Washington Redskins and was expected to be out for three to four weeks.^[23] He started three games for the Bills before being traded to the Seattle Seahawks on October 5 for two draft picks, a fourth-rounder in 2011 and a conditional pick in 2012.^[24]

Seattle Seahawks [link]

Lynch was traded to the Seahawks - for a fourth-round pick in 2011 and a fifth-round pick in 2012 - on October 5, reuniting him with former Cal roommate and fellow running back Justin Forsett, a seventh-round draft pick of the Seahawks in 2008.

Lynch scored his first touchdown of the season on October 17 on a one-yard run against the Chicago Bears. On December 5, he scored three touchdowns against the Carolina Panthers.

In his first career playoff game on January 8, 2011, Lynch had a 67-yard touchdown run in which he broke eight tackles and with one arm threw Saints cornerback Tracy Porter to the ground.^[25] The home field crowd's reaction to the run was so strong that it was recorded as seismic activity at a monitoring station 100 yards from the stadium.^[26]^{[dead link]} The fourth-quarter run proved to be the game winner, as three minutes later the game ended with the Seahawks defeating the Saints, 41–36, capping one of the biggest upsets in NFL playoff history.

Lynch had a total of 747 yards during the 2010 season.

2011 Season [link]

Lynch started 15 games, only missing one regular season game on November 23, 2011, due to back problems during warm ups. Lynch finished the 2011 season rushing for 1,204 yards and twelve touchdowns, both career bests and posting his first 1,000 yard season since 2008. On December 18, 2011, Lynch set the franchise record for consecutive games with a rushing touchdown by scoring in his 10th straight game. The previous record of nine was set by Shaun Alexander in 2005. Lynch led the NFL in rushing yardage over the final nine weeks of the season.^[27] On January 24, 2012 Lynch was added to the NFC Pro Bowl roster to replace San Francisco 49ers running back Frank Gore.^[27] On March,4 2011 Marshawn Lynch signed a 4 year $31 Million contract.

Season	Team	Games		Receiving					Rushing					Fumbles
Season	Team	GP	GS	Rec	Yds	Avg	Lng	TD	Att	Yds	Avg	Lng	TD	FUM	Lost
2011	Seattle Seahawks	15	15	28	212	7.6	26	1	285	1204	4.2	47	12	3	2

Personal [link]

Lynch has several relatives who have also played professional football. His cousins are wide receiver Robert Jordan, who played alongside Lynch at Cal from 2004–2006, former Oakland Raiders quarterback JaMarcus Russell, and quarterback Josh Johnson of the San Francisco 49ers. Lynch's uncle, Lorenzo Lynch, had an 11-year career in the NFL.^[28]

Lynch was nicknamed "Money" in college.^[29] Additionally, he has referred to himself as being in "beast mode" during games.^[30]

While in Buffalo, Lynch embraced the Buffalo community, in stark contrast to former Bills RB Willis McGahee, as noted by an interview with ESPN's Kenny Mayne.^[31] In the video interview, which has become an internet sensation, Lynch talks about his love of Applebees, and his teammates joke that he loves chain restaurants.

Lynch frequently eats Skittles during games, a habit which started when Lynch was in high school. After Lynch was shown eating the candy during a nationally-televised game on December 1, 2011, Mars offered him a two-year supply of Skittles and a custom dispenser for his locker.^[32] On December 30, 2011, he was fined $10,000 for wearing cleats featuring a Skittles pattern.^[33]

Lynch also has an affinity for purchasing grills, saying he's been wearing the gold jewelry since junior high school. After the 2011 season, Lynch purchased a customized Seahawks grill in time for the 2012 season.^[34]

Legal issues [link]

On June 14, 2006, Lynch was the victim of mistaken identity when unknown assailants shot at his car outside his high school alma mater as he was about to visit his little sister on her graduation day. He was not the intended target of the shooting, and no one was injured. The shooter phoned Lynch's mother to apologize.^[35]

On January 25, 2007, Lynch was accused of sexual assault by his former girlfriend. The incident reportedly happened on December 13, 2006, outside the woman's home in Emeryville, California. On January 29, 2007, an Alameda County Deputy District Attorney who specializes in domestic violence cases declined to press charges, citing a lack of evidence and "grave inconsistencies" in the alleged victim's accusations.^[36] Lynch was never arrested or charged.

On March 3, 2007, an Alameda County judge threw out a restraining order that Lynch's ex-girlfriend had issued against him because it was obtained improperly.^[37]

During June 2008, Lynch was investigated for his involvement in a hit and run accident that occurred in Buffalo on May 31, 2008. His 2008 Porsche Cayenne struck and injured Kimberley Shpeley, of Ontario, Canada, before leaving the scene. It should be noted that Shpeley was extremely intoxicated, and dancing in the middle of the street.^[38]^[39] After the 27-day saga, on June 26, 2008, Lynch apologized and accepted a guilty plea to a single count of failure to exercise due care to avoid striking a pedestrian, a traffic violation. He was assessed a $100 fine, and his driver’s license and car registration were revoked. Because a Buffalo police officer gave testimony that Shpeley did not suffer "severe physical injury," Lynch avoided criminal charges for the incident.^[40] Lynch was later sued by Shpeley on December 28, 2009 for negligence.^[41]

Three days after his 2009 Pro Bowl appearance, Lynch was arrested on February 11 in Culver City, California. Lynch and two companions were sitting in a running 2006 Mercedes-Benz when police approached; after smelling marijuana, the police searched the car and discovered a loaded gun that was determined to belong to Lynch. He was released the same day after posting $35,000 bail.^[42] Lynch's felony charge was reduced to three misdemeanors, and no drug charges were filed.^[43] On March 5, Lynch pled guilty to a single misdemeanor gun charge and was sentenced to three years of probation, and 80 hours of community service. He also agreed to submit to police searches at any time. The two other misdemeanor gun charges were dismissed.^[44]

Lynch was accused of stealing $20 from the wife of a Buffalo police officer in a local TGI Friday's on December 7, 2009. A complaint was filed against him the next day but no charges were ever filed.^[45]^[46]

References [link]

^ ^a ^b "Giants clinch playoff berth, beat Bills". Yahoo!. http://sports.yahoo.com/nfl/recap?gid=20071223002. Retrieved 2007-12-24.
^ Cal Player Profile
^ Marshawn Lynch CalBears Player Bio
^ The Best of the West RBs - Part I
^ Marshawn Lynch - Playtime
^ Marshawn Lynch: Always Spell Check
^ ESPN - Talented Lynch takes over starting role for Bears - College Football
^ Cal Launches Website for Marshawn Lynch :: Heisman candidate is featured on www.Marshawn10.com
^ The awards are voted on by Pac-10 coaches. 2006 All Pac-10 team, scout.com, November 27, 2006.
^ Marshawn Lynch Tippin' his Whip
^ Cal School Records (note closeness of Lynch's stats to other school records)
^ Bear bids farewell Cal's Marshawn Lynch declares for NFL draft
^ "Marshawn Lynch". CalBears.com. http://calbears.cstv.com/sports/marshawn/. Retrieved 2006-09-24.
^ "Player Bio Marshawn Lynch". CalBears.com. http://calbears.cstv.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/lynch_marshawn00.html. Retrieved 2006-09-24.
^ "#10 Marshawn Lynch RB". ESPN.com. http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/player/stats?playerId=163361. Retrieved 2006-09-24.
^ *Marshawn Lynch, RB, California - 2007 NFL Draft Scout Profile, Powered by The SportsXchange
^ "Buffalo 33, Cincinnati 21". Yahoo!. http://sports.yahoo.com/nfl/recap?gid=20071104002. Retrieved 2008-01-17.
^ "Inept Dolphins lose 13th straight, trounced by Bills 38-17". Yahoo!. http://sports.yahoo.com/nfl/recap;_ylt=Ag19Prq.mvQzhk3EQ_j8Por.uLYF?gid=20071209002&prov=ap. Retrieved 2007-12-09.
^ "Lynch headed to Pro Bowl". Buffalobills.com. http://www.buffalobills.com/news/article-1/lynch-headed-to-pro-bowl-/388a14b3-9fca-4148-9415-ac41532f87fc. Retrieved 2009-01-29.
^ Roger Goodell Meets With Lynch ESPN, March 17, 2009
^ Bills RB Lynch suspended for 3 games by NFL Associated Press, April 9, 2009
^ "Bills RB Lynch appeals NFL’s 3-game suspension". Yahoo Sports!. http://sports.yahoo.com/nfl/news;_ylt=ArMODKPrsC3jue6qb1BRijtDubYF?slug=ap-bills-lynchsuspended&prov=ap&type=lgns. Retrieved 2009-05-15.
^ "Fred out 4-6 weeks". The Buffalo News. http://blogs.buffalonews.com/billboard/2010/08/fred-out-46-weeks.html. Retrieved 2010-08-28.
^ "Seahawks Acquire Marshawn Lynch in Trade with Bills". Seattle Seahawks. http://www.seahawks.com/news/press/article-1/Seahawks-Acquire-Marshawn-Lynch-in-Trade-with-Bills/642f0015-3c12-4ff5-a26b-b12ae9521531. Retrieved 2010-10-05.
^ (in English) Wild Card Can't-Miss Play: Lynch in "beast mode" (TV Clip). NFL. January 8, 2011. http://www.nfl.com/videos/nfl-cant-miss-plays/09000d5d81d8d049/Lynch-s-TD-seals-upset-of-reigning-champs. Retrieved January 10, 2011.
^ "Lynch's TD run shook area around Qwest Field". Google. January 10, 2011. http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5jTIaOFl9n1nyotchuzg-T40NV2aw?docId=d8d81fc266a84b5f85054b7f66243b3b. Retrieved January 10, 2011.
^ ^a ^b http://espn.go.com/blog/nfcwest/post/_/id/60127/marshawn-lynch-banked-on-strong-finish
^ CAL’S MARSHAWN LYNCH HAVING A FUN RUN Celebrated running back won't buy into the hype
^ Reluctant Poster Boy Cal Tailback Marshawn Lynch Has Honors, Gaudy Stats and a Dynamic Style of Play That Makes Him Primed for the Spotlight—Only He Doesn’t Seem to Want It
^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t-iel089cEE
^ YouTube - Marshawn Lynch - The Mayne Event
^ Marshawn Lynch beats Eagles, eats Skittles, gets endorsement
^ "Roundup: Cardinals' Dockett fined $30K for tackles vs. Bengals". NFL.com. December 30, 2011. http://www.nfl.com/news/story/09000d5d8258b9a3/article/roundup-cardinals-dockett-fined-30k-for-tackles-vs-bengals.
^ "Video: Marshawn Lynch buys a Seahawks grill". MyNorthwest.com. March 6, 2012. http://mynorthwest.com/292/640043/Video-Marshawn-Lynch-buys-a-Seahawks-grill.
^ Drive-By Changes Graduation Plans At Oakland School
^ No charges against Cal football star Marshawn Lynch
^ Ex-Girlfriend’s Restraining Order Against Lynch Revoked
^ "Police investigate hit-and-run accident involving vehicle owned by Bills running back Marshawn Lynch". The Buffalo News. http://www.buffalonews.com/cityregion/story/360469.html. Retrieved 2008-06-09. ^{[dead link]}
^ "D.A. turns attention to passengers in Lynch’s SUV". Yahoo!. http://sports.yahoo.com/nfl/news;_ylt=AjCBH8YTsaVcpebLuic_SZX.uLYF?slug=ap-bills-lynchaccident&prov=ap&type=lgns. Retrieved 2008-06-09.
^ The Marshawn Lynch saga finally ends, with an apology and a fine
^ "Marshawn Lynch sued over hit-run". The Buffalo News. http://www.buffalonews.com/452/story/911982.html. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
^ Pro Bowl RB Lynch arrested on felony weapons charge in SoCal, Associated Press, February 15, 2009
^ "Charges against Lynch reduced". The Buffalo News. http://www.buffalonews.com/sports/story/585797.html. Retrieved 2009-03-04.
^ "Bills’ Marshawn Lynch pleads guilty to gun charge". Yahoo! Sports. http://sports.yahoo.com/nfl/news;_ylt=AoWkT28dntuG0RP_jRT241RDubYF?slug=ap-bills-lyncharrested&prov=ap&type=lgns. Retrieved 2009-03-05.
^ "Marshawn Lynch accused of stealing $20". The Buffalo News. http://www.buffalonews.com/452/story/917050.html. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
^ "Woman doesn't want Lynch charged". The Buffalo News. http://www.buffalonews.com/sports/article29919.ece. Retrieved 2011-12-14.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Marshawn Lynch

Sporting positions
Preceded by J.J. Arrington	Cal Starting Running Back 2005–2006	Succeeded by Justin Forsett
Preceded by Willis McGahee	Buffalo Bills Starting Running Back 2007–2010	Succeeded by Fred Jackson

v t e 2007 NFL Draft First Round Selections

JaMarcus Russell Calvin Johnson Joe Thomas Gaines Adams Levi Brown LaRon Landry Adrian Peterson Jamaal Anderson Ted Ginn, Jr. Amobi Okoye Patrick Willis Marshawn Lynch Adam Carriker Darrelle Revis Lawrence Timmons Justin Harrell Jarvis Moss Leon Hall Michael Griffin Aaron Ross Reggie Nelson Brady Quinn Dwayne Bowe Brandon Meriweather Jon Beason Anthony Spencer Robert Meachem Joe Staley Ben Grubbs Craig Davis Greg Olsen Anthony Gonzalez

Draft years 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

v t e Buffalo Bills first-round draft picks

Dennis Pitts Moses Simpson Cowlings Hill Patulski Seymour DeLamielleure Gant Ruud Clark Dokes Miller Cousineau Butler Ritcher Moore Tuttle Hunter Kelly Bell B. Smith Burroughs Harmon Conlan J. Williams Jones Fina T. Smith Burris Brown Moulds A. Smith Winfield Flowers Clements M. Williams McGahee Evans Losman Whitner McCargo Lynch McKelvin Maybin Wood Spiller Dareus Gilmore

AFC East BUF MIA NE NYJ North BAL CIN CLE PIT South HOU IND JAC TEN West DEN KC OAK SD NFC East DAL NYG PHI WAS North CHI DET GB MIN South ATL CAR NO TB West ARI STL SF SEA

v t e Buffalo Bills 2007 NFL Draft selections

Marshawn Lynch Paul Posluszny Trent Edwards Dwayne Wright John Wendling Derek Schouman C. J. Ah You

v t e Seattle Seahawks current roster

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Persondata
Name	Lynch, Marshawn
Alternative names
Short description	Player of American football
Date of birth	April 22, 1986
Place of birth	Oakland, California
Date of death
Place of death

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshawn_Lynch

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For others of the same name, see Ray Lewis (disambiguation).

Ray Lewis

Lewis during a 2008 regular season game

No. 52 Baltimore Ravens

Linebacker

Personal information

Date of birth: May 15, 1975 (age 37)

Place of birth: Bartow, Florida

Height: 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)

Weight: 250 lb (113 kg)

Career information

College: Miami (FL)

NFL Draft: 1996 / Round: 1 / Pick: 26

Debuted in 1996 for the Baltimore Ravens

Career history

Baltimore Ravens (1996–present)

Roster status: Active

Career highlights and awards

13× Pro Bowl (1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011)
7× AP First Team All-Pro (1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2008, 2009)
3× AP Second Team All-Pro (1997, 1998, 2010)
Super Bowl champion (XXXV)
Super Bowl XXXV MVP
2× AP NFL Defensive Player of Year (2000, 2003)
3× AFC Defensive Player Of The Year (2000, 2001, 2003)
2× NFL Alumni Linebacker Of The Year (1999, 2003)
2× All-American (1994, 1995)
Record 13 Pro Bowls for an Inside/Middle Linebacker^[1]
Record 10 All-Pro selections for Inside/Middle Linebacker
Record 10 All-Pro selections for a Linebacker (tied with Lawrence Taylor)
Most Games Started at Inside/Middle Linebacker (221)^[2]
Most Interception Return Yards for an Inside/Middle Linebacker (503)^[3]
Most seasons played at Inside/Middle Linebacker (16) ^[4]
NFL 2000s All-Decade Team
20 sack/20 interception Club- Quickest to reach (113 games)
30 sack/30 Interception Club- Quickest to reach (204 games)
40 sack/30 Interception Club- Only Member

Career NFL statistics as of Week 17, 2011

Tackles	2,004
Sacks	40.5
Interceptions	31
Stats at NFL.com

Ray Anthony Lewis (born May 15, 1975) is an American football linebacker for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). Drafted by the Ravens in 1996, he has played his entire career for the team, and is the last player remaining from the Ravens' inaugural season. He has been selected to thirteen Pro Bowls and been named an Associated Press All-Pro ten times.^[5] He won the NFL Defensive Player of the Year in 2000 and 2003; he was the sixth player to win the award multiple times.^[6] He was also the second linebacker to win the Super Bowl Most Valuable Player Award and the first linebacker to win the award on the winning Super Bowl team. Widely considered to be one of the best linebackers of all time, he played college football at the University of Miami.

1 Early life
2 Career
- 2.1 University of Miami
- 2.2 Baltimore Ravens
3 NFL career statistics
4 Conviction for obstruction of justice
5 Reputation
6 Other work
7 Awards and accolades
8 Personal life
9 References
10 External links

Early life [link]

Lewis was born in Bartow, Florida.^[7] He is the older brother of former University of Maryland running back Keon Lattimore.^[8] Lewis was an All-American linebacker and wrestling star at Kathleen High School in Lakeland.^[7]^[9]

Career [link]

University of Miami [link]

As a freshman at the University of Miami, Ray Lewis was an immediate contributor and became a starter for the Hurricanes' final five games. He compiled 81 tackles, two sacks, two tackles for loss, and four pass deflections en route to being named to the freshman All-American team.

In his sophomore season, Lewis earned 1st team All-American and All-Big East honors. Lewis led the Big East with 153 tackles and also contributed 9 tackle for a loss, 2 sacks, and an interception for a Hurricanes team that had the nation's top-ranked defense and finished No. 6 in both the writers' and coaches' polls.^[10]

Lewis' junior campaign was another successful one as he was once again named to the All-American^[11] and All-Big East teams. He was also the runner up for the Butkus Award.^[12] Lewis finished his junior season with 160 tackles, the 2nd highest in University of Miami team history behind only Ed Weisacosky's 164 in 1965. Lewis also totaled eight tackles for loss, two sacks, two interceptions, a forced fumble, four pass deflections and one touchdown. Against West Virginia University, Lewis contributed fifteen tackles.

Lewis led the Big East in tackles his final 2 seasons and accumulated the 5th most in Miami history despite having played only 3 seasons.

After the 1995 season, Lewis decided to forego his final year of college eligibility and enter the NFL draft. In the 1996 NFL Draft, he was selected in the first round by the Baltimore Ravens with the 26th overall pick. Lewis would eventually earn his undergraduate degree in Arts and Science in 2004 at the University of Maryland University College.^[13]

Baltimore Ravens [link]

File:Raypic.jpg

Lewis during a charity event.

Lewis was the top rated inside linebacker heading into the 1996 NFL Draft,^[14]^[15] but Kevin Hardy was considered the draft's only outstanding prospect at linebacker.^[16] The fifth linebacker selected in the draft, scouts saw Lewis' strengths as his speed, tackling and intensity, but many considered his lack of size a potential liability.^[16]^[17]^[18] Lewis earned USA Today's All-Rookie team honors after leading the Ravens in tackles (110) in the 1996 season. His 15 tackles for loss led the NFL. He added 2.5 sacks, 6 pass deflections, and an interception on the season.

Lewis recorded an NFL best 184 tackles in 1997, earning his first Pro Bowl berth at the end of that season. In addition, Lewis totaled 4 sacks, an interception, a forced fumble, a fumble recovery, and 11 pass deflections.

In 1998, Lewis made his second trip to the Pro Bowl after recording 120 tackles, 3 sacks, 2 interceptions, a forced fumble, and 7 pass deflections leading the Ravens in tackles for the third consecutive season. He was also named to The Sporting News All-Pro Team. In what would prove to be Hall of Fame running back Barry Sanders' final game, Lewis and the rest of the Ravens defense held him to just 41 rushing yards.^[19]

In 1999, Lewis led the NFL in tackles with 168. He was named to a third straight Pro Bowl and was named to the All-Pro 1st team. He also totaled 3.5 sacks, 3 interceptions, 8 pass deflections, a safety, and a forced fumble. Lewis also won the 1999 NFL Alumni Linebacker Of The Year chosen by past NFL ALUMNI professional players, who chose according to the position in which they played.

In 2000, Lewis led a defense which set a 16-game single season record for fewest points allowed (165) and fewest rushing yards allowed (970). The team recorded four shutouts, one shy of the single season record. The unit finished 1st league-wide in six key defensive categories. Lewis won Super Bowl XXXV MVP honors, Defensive Player of the Year honors, earned a unanimous All-Pro selection, and was once again named to start in the Pro Bowl. Lewis' regular season total of 137 tackles once again led the Ravens, and Lewis added 31 tackles, two interceptions, nine pass deflections, one fumble recovery and a touchdown in the four game playoff run.

In 2001, Lewis earned his 5th consecutive Pro Bowl selection when he led the NFL in tackles 162 and earned 1st-team All-Pro honors. Lewis scored a touchdown in the 2002 Pro Bowl. In the Raven's 2 playoff games Lewis totaled 17 tackles, 3 forced fumbles, and 1 pass deflection.

In 2002, Lewis was limited to five games due to a shoulder injury. He still managed to rank 5th on the team with 58 tackles. In addition, Lewis earned two interceptions, two pass deflections, a forced fumble and a fumble recovery. Lewis earned AFC Defensive Player of the Week honors in Week 4 vs. the Denver Broncos after posting 18 tackles (11 solo), two pass deflections and an interception on "Monday Night Football".^[20] After having been selected to the Pro Bowl for five consecutive seasons (1997–2001), Lewis's streak was stopped by his season ending injury. In his absence, the Baltimore Ravens defense would finish ranked 19th in points allowed.

Lewis roaming the sidelines in a 2005 game at Ford Field in Detroit.

Lewis was the leading vote recipient for the 2003 AP All-Pro team, earning 49 of 50 votes. He also won the annual AP NFL Defensive Player of the Year with 43 votes out of 50. Additionally, Lewis earned Pro Football Weekly, PFWA and Football Digest Defensive MVP honors and was named to Dr. Z's Sports Illustrated All-Pro team, Pro Football Weekly's All-NFL team, Pro Football Weekly's All-AFC team, Football Digest's All-Pro 1st-team, and The Sporting News' All-Pro team. Lewis also earned the KC 101 AFC Defensive Player of the Year award for the 3rd time in four years, the 2003 NFL Alumni Linebacker Of The Year, and finished with 161 tackles, 1.5 sacks, 6 interceptions, 2 forced fumbles, 2 fumble recoveries, 14 pass deflections, and 1 touchdown.. He was named NFL Defensive Player of the Month for November^[21] and AFC Defensive Player of the week for his fifteen-tackle, one-interception performance against the Pittsburgh Steelers in Week 17.^[22] In the playoffs Lewis totaled 17 tackles.

In 2004, Lewis was named 1st-team All Pro by the AP, 2nd-team "All Pro" by College and Pro Football Weekly and Football Digest, and "All Pro" by The Sporting News. He finished the season with 146 total tackles, 1 sack, 2 fumble recoveries, 1 fumble forced, and 6 pass deflections.

Lewis' 2005 season was cut short by a week 6 injury. He was placed on injury reserve in week 8, having amassed 46 tackles, a sack, an interception, 2 pass deflections, and a fumble recovery in the season's first 6 games.

In 2006, Lewis led the Ravens defense to an NFL best ranking in 14 major defensive categories, including total yards allowed, points per game allowed, and interceptions. The Ravens also finished second in sacks, take-aways, and rushing yards allowed. Lewis missed two games due to injury but still recorded 103 tackles, a personal best five sacks, two interceptions, and eight pass deflections in 14 Games. He also forced a fumble and recovered one. The Ravens allowed just one 100-yard rushing performance in the 14 games Lewis played. Lewis was named AFC Defensive Player of the week following his 7 tackle, one sack, and three pass deflection performance against the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Week 1.^[23] He was also selected to the Pro Bowl but withdrew because of a hand injury, ceding his spot to fellow Ravens Linebacker Bart Scott.)^[24] Lewis finished fifth in Defensive Player of the Year voting.^[25] Lewis totaled 15 tackles and a pass deflection in the playoffs.

File:Madden NFL 2005 Coverart.png

Lewis on the cover of EA Sports' Madden NFL 2005.

Despite the Baltimore Ravens mediocre 2007 season, Ray Lewis was the team's leading tackler. Against the Browns, Lewis recorded 16 tackles, recovered a fumble and returned an interception for a touchdown. He also earned his 9th Pro Bowl nod in his 12 year career. He finished the season with 120 total tackles, 2 sacks, 2 forced fumbles, 1 fumble recovery, 10 passes deflected, 2 Interceptions and 1 touchdown.

In 2008 Lewis led the Ravens to the AFC Championship game while totaling 117 tackles, 3.5 sacks, 3 interceptions, 2 forced fumbles, 2 fumble recoveries, and 9 passes deflected. He was named a starter to the Pro Bowl (his 10th) and was named an Associated Press 1st Team All-Pro for the sixth time. In addition, Lewis was named the AFC Defensive Player of the Week following his 8 tackle, 2 interception, 2 pass deflection performance against the Houston Texans in Week 10. In the playoffs, Lewis totaled 29 tackles, 2 forced fumbles, and 1 pass deflection in 3 games. After the season, Lewis became an unrestricted free agent, but agreed to return to the Baltimore Ravens to complete his career. The contract, which runs through 2015 (including two option years), is said to be worth $10 million the first year but is highly incentivized.^[26]

In 2009 Lewis was named 1st team All Pro by the Associated Press for the seventh time (9th selection overall) and named to his eleventh Pro Bowl. Lewis accumulated an AFC-leading 134 tackles on the season. He also added 3 sacks, 2 forced fumbles, 1 fumble recovery, and 7 passes deflected. Lewis added 21 tackles, 1 sack, and 1 pass deflection in 2 playoff games. In the Sept. 2009 issue of Sporting News' Magazine, Lewis was selected to their Team of the Decade (2000's). In Week 2 in 2009 against the Chargers, Lewis made the game-saving tackle on Darren Sproles. After the game, Lewis said that it was one of the best tackles he's made in his career.^[27]

In 2010 Lewis was named 2nd team All Pro by the Associated Press for the third time (10th All Pro selection overall) and named to his twelfth Pro Bowl. He totaled 139 tackles, 2 sacks, 2 interceptions, 2 forced fumbles, 3 fumble recoveries, 4 pass deflections, and 1 touchdown. Lewis added 13 tackles, 1 sack, and 1 forced fumble in 2 playoff games. On Sunday, November 21, 2010, Lewis became only the second player in NFL history to record at least 30 interceptions and 30 sacks in his career (the other being Rodney Harrison). He is also currently the fastest player (204 Games) to achieve that feat.

In 2011 Lewis was named to his thirteenth Pro Bowl and led the Ravens with 95 tackles despite missing 4 games with a injury. Lewis also collected 2 sacks, 1 interception, 2 forced fumbles, and 7 pass deflections. Lewis totaled 20 tackles and 1 pass deflection in 2 playoff games. On Sunday, October 16, 2011, Lewis became the first player in NFL history with at least 40 sacks and 30 interceptions in his career.^[28]

At the conclusion of the 2011 season, Lewis has career totals of 2,004 total tackles (1,523 solo), 18 forced fumbles, 116 passes defended, 101.5 tackles for loss, 40.5 sacks, 19 fumble recoveries, 31 interceptions for 503 yards, one safety and three touchdowns in 222 games.^[29] Lewis has been selected to thirteen NFL Pro Bowl games, a record for an Inside/Middle Linebacker, in his sixteen seasons and led the NFL in tackles five times (1997, 1999, 2001, 2003 and 2004). In 2003, Lewis led all linebackers with six interceptions, a total matching the post-merger all-time record for a middle linebacker in a single season.^[30] Lewis was named 1st team Associated Press All-Pro in 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2008, 2009 and 2nd team All-Pro in 1997, 1998, and 2010. His ten total All Pro selections is a record for an Inside/Middle Linebacker and ties the record for a Linebacker (Lawrence Taylor also has 10 selections). In 17 career career playoff games Lewis has totaled 163 tackles (106 solo), 2 sack, 6 forced fumbles, 1 fumble recovery, 2 interceptions for 54 yards, 14 pass deflections, and 1 touchdown.

NFL career statistics [link]

Career statistics			Tackles			Sacks		Interceptions			Other
Season	Team	Games	Solo	Ast	Total	Sack	YdsL	Int	Yds	IntTD	DefTD	FFum	FRec	PD	Safety
1996	BAL	14	95	15	110	2.5	9	1	0	0	0	0	0	5	0
1997	BAL	16	156	28	184	4.0	27	1	18	0	0	1	1	10	0
1998	BAL	14	101	19	120	3.0	14	2	25	0	0	1	0	7	0
1999	BAL	16	131	37	168	3.5	21	3	97	0	0	0	0	8	1
2000	BAL	16	108	30	138	3.0	33	2	1	0	0	0	3	6	0
2001	BAL	16	114	48	162	3.5	26	3	115	0	0	1	1	10	0
2002	BAL	5	43	15	58	0.0	0	2	4	0	0	1	1	3	0
2003	BAL	16	121	42	163	1.5	11	6	99	1	1	2	2	14	0
2004	BAL	15	101	46	147	1.0	9	0	0	0	0	1	2	6	0
2005	BAL	6	38	8	46	1.0	1	1	0	0	0	0	1	2	0
2006	BAL	14	80	23	103	5.0	37	2	27	0	0	1	1	8	0
2007	BAL	14	83	38	121	2.0	7	2	35	1	1	2	1	10	0
2008	BAL	16	84	33	117	3.5	33	3	43	0	0	2	2	9	0
2009	BAL	16	94	39	133	3.0	16	0	9	0	0	2	1	7	0
2010	BAL	16	102	37	139	2.0	8	2	26	1	1	2	3	4	0
2011	BAL	12	72	23	95	2	16	1	4	0	0	2	0	7	0
Career		222	1523	481	2004	40.5	266	31	503	3	3	18	19	116	1
Playoffs		17	106	57	163	2.0	17	2	54	1	1	6	1	14	0

Source, Retrieved on January 25, 2011

Source, Retrieved on December 27, 2011

Conviction for obstruction of justice [link]

Following a Super Bowl XXXIV party in Atlanta on January 31, 2000, a fight broke out between Lewis and his companions and another group of people, resulting in the stabbing deaths of Jacinth Baker and Richard Lollar. Lewis and two companions, Reginald Oakley and Joseph Sweeting, were questioned by Atlanta police, and eleven days later the three men were indicted on murder and aggravated assault charges. The white suit Lewis was wearing the night of the killings has never been found. Fulton County District Attorney Paul Howard alleged that the bloodstained suit was dumped in a garbage bin outside a fast food restaurant.^[31]

Lewis claimed that the prosecution knew he was not involved in the murder but chose to go ahead with the case anyway, saying, "You don't care if I'm guilty or not. You gonna make sure I go to jail for life."^[32] Lewis' attorneys, Don Samuel and Ed Garland, of the Atlanta law firm Garland, Samuel & Loeb, negotiated a plea agreement with Howard, the Fulton County District Attorney, where the murder charges against Lewis were dismissed in exchange for his testimony against Oakley and Sweeting, and his guilty plea to a misdemeanor charge of obstruction of justice.^[12] Lewis admitted that he gave a misleading statement to police on the morning after the killings. Superior Court Judge Alice D. Bonner sentenced Lewis to 12 months' probation, the maximum sentence for a first-time offender;^[33] and he was fined $250,000 by the NFL, which was believed to be the highest fine levied against an NFL player for an infraction not involving substance abuse.^[34] Under the terms of the sentence, Lewis could not use drugs or alcohol during the duration of the probation.

Oakley and Sweeting were acquitted of the charges in June 2000.^[35] No other suspects have ever been arrested for the crime.

The following year, Lewis was named Super Bowl XXXV MVP. However, the signature phrase "I'm going to Disney World!" was given instead to quarterback Trent Dilfer.

On April 29, 2004, Lewis reached a settlement with four-year-old India Lollar, born months after the death of her father Richard, preempting a scheduled civil proceeding. Lewis also reached an undisclosed settlement with Baker's family.^[35]

Reputation [link]

Throughout his career Lewis built a reputation as a leader and intimidating force at middle linebacker. He has led his team in tackles in twelve of his fourteen seasons. The Ravens did not allow a single 100-yard rusher in 51 consecutive games from the 1998 through 2001 seasons. In addition to his run defense, Lewis has also gained a reputation as a complete defender. Since the murder allegations Lewis's image has slowly recovered, and today he is considered one of the most dominant linebackers in the history of the National Football League.^[13]^[36]^[37]^[38] Lewis was also selected as the third best linebacker of all time on the show The Sports List. A poll of NFL coaches selected Lewis as the most dominant player in the NFL before the 2003 season by being mentioned on ten ballots while no other player was mentioned more than twice.^[39]

Lewis has been referenced in television shows such as The Wire, films such as The Rundown, and in music videos such as in Mario's "Just a Friend 2002" and Nelly's "Heart of a Champion". Lewis has appeared in television ads for NFL Network, Reebok, Under Armour, Old Spice and Eastern Motors. He was the featured athlete on the cover of Madden NFL 2005. That season he missed a number of games to an injury, adding to the Madden Curse.

Other work [link]

Lewis has been heavily involved in charitable activities throughout his professional career. Lewis started the Ray Lewis 52 Foundation which is a non-profit corporation whose mission is to provide personal and economic assistance to disadvantaged youth. The foundation has funded such events as adopting ten families in Baltimore City community for the holidays, an annual celebrity auction and bowling tournament, the Great Maryland Duck Derby, Thanksgiving food drives on North Avenue in Baltimore and Ray's Summer Days. All proceeds have helped fund the Ray Lewis Foundation.

Lewis has since been involved in pressing political, business, and philanthropic leaders for a stronger commitment to disability sports both here and in the developing world. Lewis was also honored with a JB award (named in honor of CBS broadcaster James Brown) during the 2006 off-season and received the "Act of Kindness" Award for his work in the community.^[13]

Lewis opened the Ray Lewis Full Moon Bar-B-Que which operated in Baltimore's Canton neighborhood from February 2005 until 2008.^[40] He has also gained several national corporate endorsements, some of which draw upon his tough image. In 2004, Lewis was placed on the cover of the highly popular Madden NFL 2005 video game distributed by EA Sports, and is also a very avid player of the football video game series. In 2006 it was announced that Lewis, Hall of Fame running back Gale Sayers and entrepreneur Mark Bloomquist would form S&L Racing, intending to race both cars and trucks from a North Carolina headquarters.^[41] The attempt to join NASCAR racing failed.^[42]

Awards and accolades [link]

On May 11, 2010, a portion of Baltimore's North Avenue was renamed "Ray Lewis Way" in honor of the linebacker and his charitable work.^[43]

Personal life [link]

Lewis is a Christian, and his commitment to his faith was featured in a Sports Illustrated cover story in 2006. He has six children.^[9]

References [link]

^ "Player Season Finder Query Results". Pro-Football-Reference.com. http://pfref.com/tiny/q9C94. Retrieved 2011-10-03.
^ "Player Season Finder Query Results". Pro-Football-Reference.com. http://pfref.com/tiny/TgkB4. Retrieved 2011-10-03.
^ "Player Season Finder Query Results". Pro-Football-Reference.com. http://pfref.com/tiny/dku3Y. Retrieved 2011-10-03.
^ "Player Season Finder Query Results". Pro-Football-Reference.com. http://pfref.com/tiny/7j12x. Retrieved 2011-10-03.
^ "Lewis Bio". baltimoreravens.com. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. http://web.archive.org/web/20070927214146/http://www.baltimoreravens.com/Team/PlayerBio.aspx?id=1110. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
^ "Lewis wins DPOY". espn.com. http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=1697627. Retrieved 2007-08-16.
^ ^a ^b "Ray Lewis NFL Bio". NFL. http://www.nfl.com/players/raylewis/profile?id=LEW562347. Retrieved 2010-10-08.
^ "Player Bio: Keon Lattimore". CBS Interactive. http://umterps.cstv.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/lattimore_keon00.html. Retrieved 2011-01-28.
^ ^a ^b Price, S.L. (13 November 2006). "The Gospel According To Ray". Sports Illustrated. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/magazine/MAG1108943/4/index.htm. Retrieved 8 October 2010.
^ "Miami In the Polls". College Football Data Warehouse. http://cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/div_ia/acc/miami/in_the_polls.php. Retrieved 2011-01-28.
^ Ralph Hickok (2010-01-27). "History - Football All-America Teams 1977-present". Hickok Sports.com. http://www.hickoksports.com/history/footall3.shtml#1995. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
^ ^a ^b "ESPN Classic - Lewis knows Super Bowl tragedy, triumph". Espn.go.com. http://www.espn.go.com/classic/biography/s/Lewis_Ray.html. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
^ ^a ^b ^c "FYI Online - June 2004 - UMUC". Umuc.edu. 2004-06-28. http://www.umuc.edu/fyionline/jun_04/fyionline4.html. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
^ Saraceno, Jon (April 16, 1996). "Picking is slim for teams needing linebackers, tackles". USA Today.
^ Plaschke, Bill (April 19, 1996). "Rating the NFL Draft". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/1996-04-19/sports/sp-60299_1_nfl-draft. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ ^a ^b Marquez, Alex (April 18, 1996). "Illinois' Hardy only top linebacker in draft". Dayton Daily News.
^ Mulhern, Tom (April 19, 1996). "Packers in deperate need for more depth at linebacker". The Capital Times. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-69595481.html. Retrieved November 8, 2011.
^ "NFL Draft: Top prospects // Defense". The Orange County Register: p. D15. 20 April 1996.
^ "NFL Box Score for 12/27/1998". databaseFootball.com. 1998-12-27. http://www.databasefootball.com/boxscores/gamedata.htm?dy=27&mth=12&yr=1998&tm=BAL&lg=NFL. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
^ "Internet Archive Wayback Machine". Web.archive.org. 2002-10-19. http://web.archive.org/web/20021019142025/http://www.nfl.com/news/story/5768877. Retrieved 2012-01-22.
^ "Internet Archive Wayback Machine". Web.archive.org. 2004-03-18. http://web.archive.org/web/20040318100148/http://www.nfl.com/news/story/6893098. Retrieved 2012-01-22.
^ "Internet Archive Wayback Machine". Web.archive.org. 2004-02-15. http://web.archive.org/web/20040215050756/http://www.nfl.com/news/story/6965425. Retrieved 2012-01-22.
^ "Internet Archive Wayback Machine". Web.archive.org. 2007-07-13. http://web.archive.org/web/20070713145215/http://www.nfl.com/news/story/9658473. Retrieved 2012-01-22.
^ "Teammate Scott to replace injured Lewis in Pro Bowl - NFL - ESPN". Sports.espn.go.com. 2007-01-30. http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=2748577. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
^ "Dolphins' Taylor wins Defensive Player of Year - NFL - ESPN". Sports.espn.go.com. 2007-01-06. http://sports.espn.go.com/nfl/news/story?id=2721073. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
^ Lewis Re-Ups With Ravens SI.com, March 11, 2009
^ Corbett, Jim (September 20, 2009). "Ray Lewis the 'firestarter' as thumping hit stops Chargers". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/2009-09-20-ravens-chargers_N.htm. Retrieved 2009-09-27.
^ http://espn.go.com/nfl/recap?gameId=311016033
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^ "Lewis murder charges dropped". CNNSI. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/football/nfl/news/2000/06/04/lewis_agreement/. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
^ "In Depth with Graham Bensinger". Yahoo! Sports. http://sports.yahoo.com/video/player/news/Graham_Bensinger_InDepth/23037542;_ylt=Avv3dF_zvmsRyj0VpBO32e5DubYF#news/Graham_Bensinger_InDepth/23037542. Retrieved Nov. 23 2010.
^ "Ravens star accepts misdemeanor charge, will testify". CNN. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/football/nfl/news/2000/06/04/lewis_agreement/.
^ "NFL Fines Ray Lewis $250,000 - ABC News". Abcnews.go.com. http://abcnews.go.com/Sports/story?id=100761&page=1. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
^ ^a ^b "Baltimore Ravens, Ray Lewis, National Football League - CBSSports.com". Sportsline.com. 2004-05-02. http://www.sportsline.com/nfl/story/7300688. Retrieved 2010-09-28.
^ Players to rave about
^ Features - NFL pro football articles and coverage from Pro Football Weekly
^ "No. 18: The ultimate defender — Ray Lewis". USA Today. 2007-06-28. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/football/nfl/2007-06-27-no-18-ray-lewis_N.htm. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
^ Glazer, Jay (2003-06-13). "Ray Lewis, Marshall Faulk, Brett Favre, National Football League - CBSSports.com". Cbs.sportsline.com. http://cbs.sportsline.com/nfl/story/6427963. Retrieved 2012-01-22.
^ By DJ GalloPage 2 (Archive (2008-01-02). "ESPN Page 2 - Gallo: The '72 Dolphins speak out". Sports.espn.go.com. http://sports.espn.go.com/espn/page2/story?page=gallo/071231. Retrieved 2012-01-22.
^ "Sayers, Lewis Launch S&L Racing". 2006-03-23. http://www.theautochannel.com/news/2006/03/23/001774.html. Retrieved 2009-12-16.
^ "NFL star Ray Lewis turned away by NASCAR? Starts Champ Car team". NASCAR News. 2007-04-10. http://autoracingsport.com/nfl-star-ray-lewis-turned-away-by-nascar-starts-champ-car-team/. Retrieved 2009-12-16.
^ "Media Advisory - North Avenue to be Renamed 'Ray Lewis Way'". 2010-03-10. http://www.baltimoreravens.com/News/Articles/2010/05/Media_Advisory_-_North_Avenue_to_be_Renamed_Ray_Lewis_Way.aspx. Retrieved 2011-01-28.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ray Lewis

Official website
Ray Lewis at ESPN.com
Ray Lewis at the Internet Movie Database
Baltimore Ravens bio
Ray Lewis profile at NNDB

Awards and achievements
Preceded by Warren Sapp	NFL Defensive Player of the Year 2000	Succeeded by Michael Strahan
Preceded by Kurt Warner	NFL Super Bowl MVPs Super Bowl XXXV, 2001	Succeeded by Tom Brady
Preceded by Derrick Brooks	NFL Defensive Player of the Year 2003	Succeeded by Ed Reed
Preceded by Michael Vick	Madden NFL Cover Athlete Madden '05	Succeeded by Donovan McNabb

Links to related articles

Florida High School All-Century Team

v t e 1996 NFL Draft First Round Selections

Keyshawn Johnson Kevin Hardy Simeon Rice Jonathan Ogden Cedric Jones Lawrence Phillips Terry Glenn Tim Biakabutuka Rickey Dudley Willie Anderson Alex Molden Regan Upshaw Walt Harris Eddie George John Mobley Duane Clemons Reggie Brown Eddie Kennison Marvin Harrison Daryl Gardener Pete Kendall Marcus Jones Jeff Hartings Eric Moulds Jermane Mayberry Ray Lewis John Michels Jerome Woods Jamain Stephens Andre Johnson

Draft years 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

v t e Baltimore Ravens 1996 NFL Draft selections

Jonathan Ogden Ray Lewis DeRon Jenkins Jermaine Lewis Dexter Daniels Jon Stark

v t e Baltimore Ravens first-round draft choices

Ogden R. Lewis Boulware Starks McAlister J. Lewis Taylor Heap Reed Suggs Boller Clayton Ngata Grubbs Flacco Oher Smith

AFC East BUF MIA NE NYJ North BAL CIN CLE PIT South HOU IND JAC TEN West DEN KC OAK SD NFC East DAL NYG PHI WAS North CHI DET GB MIN South ATL CAR NO TB West ARI STL SF SEA

Baltimore Ravens 1996 Inaugural Season Roster

v t e Baltimore Ravens current roster

Active roster	1 Chester Stewart 2 Tyrod Taylor 4 Sam Koch 5 Joe Flacco 6 Justin Tucker 7 Billy Cundiff 8 Curtis Painter 9 John Brantley 10 Rodney Bradley 11 Tommy Streeter 12 Jacoby Jones 13 Dorian Graham 14 Patrick Williams 15 LaQuan Williams 16 David Reed 17 Tandon Doss 20 Ed Reed 21 Lardarius Webb 22 Jimmy Smith 23 Chykie Brown 24 Corey Graham 25 Asa Jackson 26 Emanuel Cook 28 Damien Berry 29 Cary Williams 30 Bernard Pierce 31 Bernard Pollard 32 Brandon Pendergrass 33 Christian Thompson 34 Bobby Rainey 35 Anthony Allen 36 Danny Gorrer 37 Sean Considine 39 Jamison Berryhill 41 Jordan Mabin 42 Nigel Carr 43 Cyhl Quarles 44 Vonta Leach 45 Omar Brown 46 Morgan Cox 47 Chavis Williams 48 Patrick Scales 49 Josh Bynes 50 Albert McClellan 51 Brendon Ayanbadejo 52 Ray Lewis 53 Jameel McClain 54 Cody Glenn 55 Terrell Suggs 58 Michael McAdoo 59 Dannell Ellerbe 60 Antoine McClain 62 Terrence Cody 63 Howard Barbieri 64 Cecil Newton 65 Justin Boren 66 Gino Gradkowski 67 Ishmaa’ily Kitchen 68 Bryan Hall 69 Jack Cornell 70 Ramon Harewood 71 Elliott Henigan 71 Addison Lawrence 72 Kelechi Osemele 73 Marshal Yanda 74 Michael Oher 76 Jah Reid 77 Matt Birk 78 Bryant McKinnie 79 Terrence Moore 80 Davon Drew 81 Anquan Boldin 82 Torrey Smith 83 Deonte Thompson 84 Ed Dickson 85 Devin Goda 87 Bruce Figgins 88 Dennis Pitta 89 Matt Balasavage 90 Pernell McPhee 91 Courtney Upshaw 92 Haloti Ngata 93 DeAngelo Tyson 94 Sergio Kindle 95 Nick Jean-Baptiste 96 Ma'ake Kemoeatu 97 Arthur Jones 98 Ryan McBean 99 Paul Kruger

Free agents	27 Ray Rice (Franchise)

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Baltimore Ravens Super Bowl XXXV Champions

Super Bowl MVP Award

I: Starr
II: Starr
III: Namath
IV: Dawson
V: Howley
VI: Staubach
VII: Scott
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IX: Harris
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XI: Biletnikoff
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XXVI: Rypien
XXVII: Aikman
XXVIII: Smith
XXIX: Young
XXX: Brown
XXXI: Howard
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XXXIV: Warner
XXXV: Lewis
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XL: Ward
XLI: P. Manning
XLII: E. Manning
XLIII: Holmes
XLIV: Brees
XLV: Rodgers
XLVI: E. Manning

NFL Defensive Player of the Year Award from the Associated Press

1971: Page
1972: Greene
1973: Anderson
1974: Greene
1975: Blount
1976: Lambert
1977: Martin
1978: Gradishar
1979: Selmon
1980: Hayes
1981: Taylor
1982: Taylor
1983: Betters
1984: Easley
1985: Singletary
1986: Taylor
1987: White
1988: Singletary
1989: Millard
1990: Smith
1991: Swilling
1992: Kennedy
1993: Woodson
1994: D. Sanders
1995: Paup
1996: Smith
1997: Stubblefield
1998: White
1999: Sapp
2000: Lewis
2001: Strahan
2002: Brooks
2003: Lewis
2004: Reed
2005: Urlacher
2006: Taylor
2007: B. Sanders
2008: Harrison
2009: Woodson
2010: Polamalu
2011: Suggs

v t e Madden NFL cover athletes

English versions	'99: Garrison Hearst '00: Barry Sanders / Dorsey Levens '01: Eddie George '02: Daunte Culpepper '03: Marshall Faulk '04: Michael Vick '05: Ray Lewis '06: Donovan McNabb '07: Shaun Alexander '08: Vince Young '09: Brett Favre '10: Troy Polamalu & Larry Fitzgerald '11: Drew Brees '12: Peyton Hillis '13: Calvin Johnson

Spanish versions	'08: Luis Castillo '09: Roberto Garza

v t e 2000 Pro Bowl AFC starters

Offense	QB Peyton Manning RB Edgerrin James FB Sam Gash WR Marvin Harrison WR Jimmy Smith TE Tony Gonzalez OT Jonathan Ogden OT Tony Boselli G Ruben Brown G Bruce Matthews C Kevin Mawae

Defense	DE Tony Brackens DE Jevon Kearse DT Trevor Pryce DT Darrell Russell OLB Peter Boulware OLB Kevin Hardy ILB Ray Lewis CB Sam Madison CB Charles Woodson FS Carnell Lake SS Lawyer Milloy

Special Teams	P Tom Tupa K Olindo Mare KR Tremain Mack ST Detron Smith

v t e 2001 Pro Bowl AFC starters

Offense	QB Rich Gannon RB Edgerrin James FB Richie Anderson WR Marvin Harrison WR Eric Moulds TE Tony Gonzalez OT Tony Boselli OT Jonathan Ogden G Ruben Brown G Bruce Matthews C Kevin Mawae

Defense	DE Trace Armstrong DE Jason Taylor DT Sam Adams DT Trevor Pryce OLB Mo Lewis OLB Junior Seau ILB Ray Lewis CB Sam Madison CB Samari Rolle FS Rod Woodson SS Blaine Bishop

Special Teams	P Darren Bennett K Matt Stover KR Derrick Mason ST Larry Izzo

v t e 2002 Pro Bowl AFC starters

Offense	QB Rich Gannon RB Curtis Martin FB Larry Centers WR Marvin Harrison WR Rod Smith TE Tony Gonzalez OT Lincoln Kennedy OT Jonathan Ogden G Alan Faneca G Will Shields C Kevin Mawae

Defense	DE John Abraham DE Marcellus Wiley DT Trevor Pryce DT John Randle OLB Jason Gildon OLB Jamir Miller ILB Ray Lewis CB Sam Madison CB Charles Woodson FS Rod Woodson SS Rodney Harrison

Special Teams	P Shane Lechler K Jason Elam KR Jermaine Lewis ST Ian Gold

v t e 2004 Pro Bowl AFC starters

Offense	QB Steve McNair RB Jamal Lewis FB Tony Richardson WR Marvin Harrison WR Chad Johnson TE Tony Gonzalez OT Jonathan Ogden OT Willie Roaf G Alan Faneca G Will Shields C Kevin Mawae

Defense	DE Dwight Freeney DE Adewale Ogunleye DT Richard Seymour DT Marcus Stroud OLB Peter Boulware OLB Takeo Spikes ILB Ray Lewis CB Ty Law CB Patrick Surtain FS Ed Reed SS Brock Marion

Special Teams	P Craig Hentrich K Mike Vanderjagt KR Dante Hall ST Adalius Thomas

2008 AP NFL All-Pro Team

Special Teams: P Shane Lechler
PK Stephen Gostkowski
KR Leon Washington

v t e 2009 Pro Bowl AFC starters

Offense	QB Peyton Manning RB Thomas Jones FB Le'Ron McClain WR Andre Johnson WR Brandon Marshall TE Tony Gonzalez OT Joe Thomas OT Jason Peters G Alan Faneca G Kris Dielman C Kevin Mawae

Defense	DE Mario Williams DE Dwight Freeney DT Albert Haynesworth DT Kris Jenkins OLB James Harrison OLB Joey Porter ILB Ray Lewis CB Nnamdi Asomugha CB Cortland Finnegan FS Ed Reed SS Troy Polamalu

Special Teams	P Shane Lechler K Stephen Gostkowski KR Leon Washington ST Brendon Ayanbadejo

2009 AP NFL All-Pro Team

Defense: DE Jared Allen
DE Dwight Freeney
DT Kevin Williams
DT Jay Ratliff
OLB Elvis Dumervil
OLB DeMarcus Ware
ILB Patrick Willis
ILB Ray Lewis

Special Teams: P Shane Lechler
PK Nate Kaeding
KR Josh Cribbs

v t e 2010 Pro Bowl AFC starters

Offense	QB Peyton Manning RB Chris Johnson FB Le'Ron McClain WR Andre Johnson WR Reggie Wayne TE Dallas Clark OT Jake Long OT Ryan Clady G Logan Mankins G Alan Faneca C Nick Mangold

Defense	DE Dwight Freeney DE Robert Mathis DT Haloti Ngata DT Vince Wilfork OLB Elvis Dumervil OLB James Harrison ILB Ray Lewis CB Darrelle Revis CB Nnamdi Asomugha FS Ed Reed SS Brian Dawkins

Special Teams	P Shane Lechler K Nate Kaeding KR Josh Cribbs ST Kassim Osgood

v t e 2011 Pro Bowl AFC starters

Offense	QB Tom Brady RB Maurice Jones-Drew FB Vonta Leach WR Andre Johnson WR Reggie Wayne TE Antonio Gates OT Jake Long OT Joe Thomas G Kris Dielman G Logan Mankins C Nick Mangold

Defense	DE Dwight Freeney DE Robert Mathis DT Haloti Ngata DT Vince Wilfork OLB James Harrison OLB Cameron Wake ILB Ray Lewis CB Nnamdi Asomugha CB Darrelle Revis FS Ed Reed SS Troy Polamalu

Special Teams	P Shane Lechler K Billy Cundiff KR Marc Mariani ST Montell Owens LS John Denney

National Football League | NFL's 2000s All-Decade Team

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Andrew Luck

Luck in August 2010

No. 12 Indianapolis Colts

Quarterback

Personal information

Date of birth: September 12, 1989 (age 22)

Place of birth: Washington, D. C.

Height: 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)

Weight: 234 lb (106 kg)

Career information

High school: Houston (TX) Stratford

College: Stanford

NFL Draft: 2012 / Round: 1 / Pick: 1

No regular season or postseason appearances

Career history

Indianapolis Colts (2012–present)

Roster status: Unsigned Draft Pick

Career highlights and awards

2× First-team All-American (2010, 2011)
Maxwell Award as Player of the Year (2011)
Walter Camp Player of the Year Award (2011)
Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award (2011)
CoSIDA Academic All-America of the Year (2011)
2× Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Year (2010, 2011)
3× First-team All Pac-12 (2009, 2010, 2011)
3× Pac-12 All-Academic (2009, 2010, 2011)
Orange Bowl MVP (2011)
College records

Career NFL statistics as of 2012

TD–INT	0–0
Passing yards	0
QB Rating	0.0
Stats at NFL.com

Andrew Austen Luck (born September 12, 1989) is an American football quarterback for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for Stanford University, won the Maxwell Award and Walter Camp Award as college football's player of the year, and was recognized as an All-American.^[1] He was the runner-up for the Heisman Trophy in both 2010 and 2011. He was named the Offensive Player of the Year in the Pac-12 (Pac-10) Conference in both 2010 and 2011. CBS Sports draft analyst Rob Rang called Luck the best prospect he has ever scouted,^[2] while the Kansas City Star puts him in line with LeBron James and Bryce Harper as "the most hyped amateurs in recent sports memory".^[3] Although widely projected as the No. 1 selection in the 2011 NFL Draft, Luck decided to return to Stanford for his redshirt junior season.^[4]

1 Early life
2 College career
3 Professional career
- 3.1 2012 NFL Draft
4 References
5 External links

Early life [link]

Luck was born in Washington, D.C.,^[5] the son of Oliver Luck, current athletic director and a former quarterback at West Virginia University and former NFL quarterback for the Houston Oilers, and Kathy Wilson Luck. Andrew Luck spent his early childhood in London, England and Frankfurt, Germany, where his father was general manager of two World League of American Football teams prior to becoming president of the league. He is the oldest of four children, Mary Ellen, Emily, and Addison, who currently reside in Houston. In London, he attended The American School in London.^[6]

The Lucks returned to Texas when Oliver Luck was named CEO of the Harris County-Houston Sports Authority. In Houston, Andrew attended Stratford High School, where he threw for 7,139 yards and 53 touchdowns in his high school career, and rushed for another 2,085 yards.^[7] Luck was also co-valedictorian of his graduating class in 2008.^[7] Regarded as a four-star recruit by Rivals.com, Luck was listed as the No. 4 pro-style quarterback in the class of 2008.^[8] A highly-rated high school recruiting target,^[7] he chose Stanford over offers from Northwestern, Oklahoma State, Purdue, Rice, and Virginia, after being recruited by Stanford head coach Jim Harbaugh.^[9]

Name	Hometown	High school / college	Height	Weight	40^‡	Commit date
Andrew Luck QB	Houston, Texas	Stratford HS	6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)	210 lb (95 kg)	4.7	Jun 30, 2007
Andrew Luck QB	Scout: Rivals: ESPN grade: 82
Overall recruiting rankings: Scout: 4 (QB) Rivals: 4 (QB) ESPN: 7 (QB)
Note: In many cases, Scout and Rivals may conflict in their listings of height and weight. In these cases, an average of the two was taken. ESPN grades are on a 100-point scale. Sources: "Stanford Football Commitments". Rivals.com. http://rivals.yahoo.com/footballrecruiting/football/recruiting/commitments/2008/alabama-63. Retrieved 2011-12-14. "2008 Stanford Football Commits". Scout.com. http://scout.scout.com/a.z?s=18&p=9&c=8&yr=2008. Retrieved 2011-12-14. "ESPN". ESPN.com. http://espn.go.com/college-football/recruiting/school/_/id/24/class/2008. Retrieved 2011-12-14. "Scout.com Team Recruiting Rankings". Scout.com. http://scout.scout.com/a.z?s=18&p=9&c=14&yr=2008. Retrieved 2011-12-14. "2008 Team Ranking". Rivals.com. http://www.rivals.com/TeamRank.asp?type=0&sort=0&year=2008. Retrieved 2011-12-14.

College career [link]

2009 season [link]

After redshirting during his freshman year in 2008, he earned the starting quarterback job in 2009 over the returning starter, Tavita Pritchard, thereby becoming the first Stanford freshman to earn the starting quarterback job since Chad Hutchinson in 1996.^[6] In his first season, Luck led the Cardinal to victories over top ten Oregon and USC teams and a berth in the 2009 Sun Bowl.^[10] Playing in a run-oriented offense featuring Heisman Trophy runner-up Toby Gerhart, Luck threw for 2,575 yards. Luck had 2,929 yards of total offense, the fifth highest total in Stanford history. He led the Pac-10 in pass efficiency rating with a rating of 143.5, and finished second in the Pac-10 in total offense.^[11]

Luck injured a finger on his throwing hand in the Cardinal's final regular season game against Notre Dame. He had surgery prior to the Sun Bowl and did not play in the game.^[12]

2010 season [link]

Luck being photographed after the Big Game between Stanford and Cal in 2010

In 2010, Luck emerged as one of the top players in the nation. Luck was named the Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Year and was unanimously selected to the All Pac-10 First Team. Luck led Stanford to a 12–1 record, a # 4 ranking in the final AP Poll, and a victory in the Orange Bowl. Luck was named the Orange Bowl MVP after throwing 4 TD passes in Stanford's 40–12 win over Virginia Tech. Luck led the Pac-10 in pass efficiency for the second straight year with a quarterback rating of 170.2. He also led the conference in total offense with 3,791 yards, in passing yards with 3,338 yards, and in touchdown passes with 32. Luck rushed for 453 yards, a record for Stanford quarterbacks, with three runs of over 50 yards. Luck's 32 touchdown passes are a new Stanford record, breaking the old record of 27 held by John Elway and Steve Stenstrom. Luck's 3,791 yards of total offense also are a school record, breaking the old record of 3,398 yards held by Stenstrom. Luck also set new Stanford single season records for completion percentage (70.7%) and pass efficiency rating (170.2). He won the Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Week award for his performances against Arizona and California.

Luck finished the 2010 season with two years of college eligibility remaining. He was eligible to declare for the 2011 NFL Draft, but announced on January 6, 2011 that he would remain at Stanford to complete his degree.^[4]^[13] He is viewed by many TV sportscasters and ESPN writers as the top pro quarterback prospect in college football. In December 2010, Sporting News projected Luck as the No. 1 selection in the 2011 NFL Draft, had he entered.^[14]

2011 season [link]

In 2011, Luck led Stanford to a record of 11–2, a berth in a BCS bowl (the Fiesta Bowl), and a # 7 ranking in the final AP Poll. He won the Maxwell Award and the Walter Camp Player of the Year Award. He was the runner-up for the Heisman Trophy for the second consecutive year, becoming the fourth player to finish second in the Heisman voting twice. He was named a First Team All America (AFCA, Walter Camp, ESPN.com, Pro Football Weekly). He was the Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Year, becoming only the fifth player to win that award twice (after John Elway, Charles White, Reggie Bush, and Rueben Mayes). He was named First Team All Pac-12 for the second straight year. Luck set a new Stanford record for career touchdown passes with 82, breaking John Elway's record of 77. Luck also set a new school record for touchdown passes in a season with 37, breaking his own record of 32. Luck set another school record for career total offense with 10,387 yards, breaking Steve Stenstrom's mark of 9,825 yards. Luck became Stanford's all-time leader in wins by a starting quarterback, with 31 wins through the end of the regular season. Luck also became Stanford's all-time leader in winning percentage by a starting quarterback, with a winning percentage of .816 (31–7). Luck broke the Pac-12 records for career passing efficiency rating (162.8) and career completion percentage (67.0%). He also broke his own Pac-12 record for highest completion percentage in a season (71.3%). Luck was named Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Week for his performance against Washington State. He earned the 2011 Academic All-America of the Year award.^[15]

Statistics [link]

Season	Passing							Rushing					Receiving			Total Offense
Season	Comp	Att	Yds	Pct	TD	Int	Rating	Att	Yds	Avg	Lng	TD	Rec	Yds	Avg	Yards
2009	162	288	2,575	56.3%	13	4	143.5	61	354	5.8	31	2	1	11	11.0	2,929
2010	263	372	3,338	70.7%	32	8	170.2	55	453	8.2	58	3	0	0	0	3,791
2011	288	404	3,517	71.3%	37	10	169.7	47	150	3.2	17	2	1	13	13.0	3,667
Total	713	1,064	9,430	67.0%	82	22	162.8	163	957	5.9	58	7	2	24	12.0	10,387

Awards and honors [link]

2011 season

First Team All America (AFCA, Walter Camp, ESPN.com, PFW)
Maxwell Award Winner
Walter Camp Player of the Year Award Winner
Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award Winner
Heisman Trophy Runner Up
Davey O'Brien Award Finalist
Manning Award Finalist
Academic All-America of the Year (CoSIDA)
Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Year
First Team All Pac-12
First Team Pac-12 All Academic Team
Pac-12 Offensive Player of the Week, October 17, 2011

2010 season

Heisman Trophy Runner Up
Maxwell Award Finalist
Walter Camp Award Finalist
Davey O'Brien Award Finalist
Manning Award Finalist
Second Team All America (AP, Walter Camp, SI.com, CBSSports.com)
Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Year
First Team All Pac-10
Second Team Pac-10 All Academic Team
Orange Bowl MVP
Pac-10 Offensive Player of the Week, Nov. 8, 2010 & Nov. 22, 2010

2009 season

Freshman All America (The Sporting News, CollegeFootballNews.com, Scout.com)
Honorable Mention All Pac-10
First Team Pac-10 All Academic Team

Records [link]

Pac-12 single season records

Highest completion percentage, season—71.3% (2011)

Pac-12 career records

Highest passing efficiency rating, career—162.8
Highest completion percentage, career—67.0%

Stanford single season records

Most touchdown passes, season—37 (2011)
Most total offense, season—3,791 yards (2010)
Highest passing efficiency rating, season—170.2 (2010)
Highest completion percentage, season—71.3% (2011)
Most yards per pass attempt, season—9.0 (2010)
Most rushing yards by a quarterback, season—453 yards (2010)

Stanford career records

Most touchdown passes, career—82
Most total offense, career—10,387 yards
Highest passing efficiency rating, career—162.8
Highest completion percentage, career—67.0%
Most yards per pass attempt, career—8.9 yards/attempt
Most rushing yards by a quarterback, career—957 yards
Most wins by a starting quarterback, career—31
Highest winning percentage by a starting quarterback, career – .816

Professional career [link]

2012 NFL Draft [link]

In September 2010, prior to Luck's sophomore season, Sports Illustrated′s Tony Pauline considered him to be "the most NFL-ready of all the draft-eligible quarterback prospects."^[16] After a stellar sophomore year, Luck was widely projected to be the No. 1 pick in the 2011 NFL Draft, but decided to return for his junior season.^[4] Right after the 2011 draft, in May 2011, he was unanimously projected as the top prospect for the 2012 NFL Draft.^[17]^[18]^[19] By midseason, Pauline described him as "the best quarterback prospect since Peyton Manning" in 1998,^[20] while ESPN′s Mel Kiper, Jr. went even further, calling Luck the best quarterback prospect since John Elway in 1983.^[21]

Ending speculations on April 24, Colts general manager Ryan Grigson announced the team would take Luck with their first overall draft pick.^[22] The decison became official on draft day, April 26, 2012. Luck was the fourth Stanford quarterback to be selected first overall, after Bobby Garrett in 1954, Jim Plunkett in 1971, and John Elway in 1983.

Pre-draft measureables
Ht	Wt	Arm length	Hand size	40-yd dash	10-yd split	20-yd split	20-ss	3-cone	Vert	Broad	BP
6 ft 4 in	234 lb	32⅝ in	10 in	4.67 s			4.28 s	6.80 s	36 in	10 ft 4 in
All values from NFL combine

References [link]

^ Luck received first-team All-American honors from the American Football Coaches Association, the Walter Camp Football Foundation, ESPN.com, and Pro Football Weekly.
^ Rang, Rob (November 29, 2010). "Luck stock rises even higher; Ingram's sags". CBSSports.com. http://www.cbssports.com/nfl/draft/story/14372683/rewind-lucks-stock-rises-even-higher-ingrams-sags.
^ Mellinger, Sam (October 22, 2011). "Luck may need luck to live up to hype". Kansas City Star. http://www.kansascity.com/2011/10/22/3223747/it-will-take-luck-for-this-story.html.
^ ^a ^b ^c Miller, Ted (January 6, 2011). "Andrew Luck skipping NFL draft, will return to Stanford Cardinal". ESPN.com. http://sports.espn.go.com/ncf/news/story?id=5995754. Retrieved January 6, 2011.
^ "Andrew Luck". The Sporting News. November 3, 2009. http://today.sportingnews.com/sportingnewstoday/20091103?pg=3#pg3. Retrieved November 23, 2009.
^ ^a ^b FitzGerald, Tom (August 19, 2009). "Cardinal offense gets a little Luck this year". San Francisco Chronicle. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2009/08/19/SP3B19A8M2.DTL. Retrieved November 23, 2009.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Player Bio: Andrew Luck". Stanford Football Media Guide. 2009. http://gostanford.cstv.com/sports/m-footbl/mtt/luck_andrew00.html. Retrieved 2009-09-21.
^ "2008 Pro-style quarterbacks". Rivals.com. January 16, 2008. http://rivals.yahoo.com/ncaa/football/recruiting/rankings/rank-1818.
^ Dubow, Josh (November 19, 2009). "Stanford heads into Big Game with Luck on its side". San Jose Mercury-News. http://www.mercurynews.com/news/ci_13825251. Retrieved November 23, 2009. ^{[dead link]}
^ Cardinal Home ESPN
^ Murphy, Austin, "Man with a Plan", Sports Illustrated, 13 June 2011, pp. 66–77.
^ "Sooners may catch break in Sun Bowl with Luck's finger surgery". ESPN.com. December 7, 2009. http://espn.go.com/blog/big12/post/_/id/8047/sooners-may-catch-break-in-sun-bowl-with-lucks-finger-surgery. Retrieved December 7, 2009.
^ "Andrew Luck to Return to Stanford for 2011 Season". Stanford Cardinal (Stanford, California: Stanford University). January 6, 2011. http://www.gostanford.com/sports/m-footbl/spec-rel/010611aac.html. Retrieved January 6, 2011.
^ Lande, Russ (December 23, 2010). "Mock Draft: Luck would re-energize Panthers' listless offense". Sporting News. http://www.sportingnews.com/nfl/feed/2010-09/draft-dish/story/mock-draft-luck-would-re-energize-panthers-listless-offense.
^ "Stanford quarterback Andrew Luck headlines the 2011 Capital One Academic All-America® Division I Football Team". College Sports Information Directors of America. 2010-12-08. http://cosida.com/news.aspx?id=3474. Retrieved 2011-12-08.
^ Pauline, Tony (September 3, 2010). "Underclassmen WRs among top 2011 NFL Draft offensive prospects". SI.com. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/vault/article/web/COM1174040/index.htm.
^ Prisco, Pete (May 1, 2011). "Flash forward: Top 32 picks for the 2012 NFL Draft". CBSSports.com. http://www.cbssports.com/nfl/story/15014424/flash-forward-top-32-picks-for-the-2012-nfl-draft.
^ Pauline, Tony (May 3, 2011). "Stanford's Luck headlines early look at top 2012 draft prospects". Sports Illustrated. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2011/football/nfl/05/03/2012.prospects/.
^ Reuter, Chad (May 4, 2011). "2012 mock draft: First look with Luck and Heels". CBSSports.com. http://www.cbssports.com/nfl/draft/story/15029593/mock-draft-first-look-with-luck-and-heels.
^ Pauline, Tony (October 24, 2011). "Andrew Luck, Trent Richardson high in midseason NFL draft rankings". SI.com. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2011/writers/tony_pauline/10/24/top.50/.
^ "It's All About Luck: Ultimate Scouting Report". ESPN. January 16, 2012. http://espn.go.com/nfl/feature/video/_/id/7303334/ultimate-scouting-report.
^ "Andrew Luck will be Indianapolis Colts' first pick in NFL draft". NFL.com. http://www.nfl.com/draft/story/09000d5d8288de6e/article/andrew-luck-will-be-indianapolis-colts-first-pick-in-nfl-draft?module=News_CP.

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Stanford Indians/Cardinal starting quarterbacks

Football Academic All-America Team Members of the Year

1987: —
1988: —
1989: —
1990: —
1991: Tommy Vardell
1992: Jim Hansen
1993: Tim Ruddy
1994: Rob Zatechka
1995: Danny Wuerffel
1996: Danny Wuerffel
1997: Peyton Manning
1998: Matt Stinchcomb
1999: Chad Pennington
2000: Drew Brees
2001: Ryan Johnson
2002: Kliff Kingsbury
2003: Craig Krenzel
2004: Alex Smith
2005: Nick Hartigan
2006: Paul Posluszny
2007: Brandon Cramer
2008: Tim Tebow
2009: Tim Tebow
2010: Greg McElroy
2011: Andrew Luck

v t e Archie Griffin Award winners

1999: Vick 2000: Heupel 2001: Dorsey 2002: Dorsey 2003: Leinart 2004: Leinart 2005: Young 2006: Smith 2007: White 2008: McCoy 2009: Gerhart 2010: Luck 2011: Ball

v t e Johnny Unitas Golden Arm Award winners

1987: McPherson 1988: Peete 1989: Rice 1990: Erickson 1991: Weldon 1992: Torretta 1993: Ward 1994: Barker 1995: Frazier 1996: Wuerffel 1997: Manning 1998: McNown 1999: Redman 2000: Weinke 2001: Carr 2002: Palmer 2003: Manning 2004: White 2005: Leinart 2006: Quinn 2007: Ryan 2008: Harrell 2009: McCoy 2010: Tolzien 2011: Luck

Walter Camp Award winners

1967: Simpson
1968: Simpson
1969: Owens
1970: Plunkett
1971: Sullivan
1972: Rodgers
1973: Cappelletti
1974: Griffin
1975: Griffin
1976: Dorsett
1977: MacAfee
1978: Sims
1979: White
1980: Green
1981: Allen
1982: Walker
1983: Rozier
1984: Flutie
1985: Jackson
1986: Testaverde
1987: Brown
1988: Sanders
1989: Thompson
1990: Ismail
1991: Howard
1992: Torretta
1993: Ward
1994: Salaam
1995: George
1996: Wuerffel
1997: Woodson
1998: Williams
1999: Dayne
2000: Heupel
2001: Crouch
2002: Johnson
2003: Fitzgerald
2004: Leinart
2005: Bush
2006: Smith
2007: McFadden
2008: McCoy
2009: McCoy
2010: Newton
2011: Luck

Maxwell Award winners

1937: Frank
1938: O'Brien
1939: Kinnick
1940: Harmon
1941: Dudley
1942: Governali
1943: Odell
1944: G. Davis
1945: Blanchard
1946: Trippi
1947: D. Walker
1948: Bednarik
1949: Hart
1950: Bagnell
1951: Kazmaier
1952: Lattner
1953: Lattner
1954: Beagle
1955: Cassady
1956: McDonald
1957: Reifsnyder
1958: Dawkins
1959: Lucas
1960: Bellino
1961: Ferguson
1962: Baker
1963: Staubach
1964: Ressler
1965: Nobis
1966: Lynch
1967: Beban
1968: Simpson
1969: Reid
1970: Plunkett
1971: Marinaro
1972: Van Pelt
1973: Cappelletti
1974: Joachim
1975: Griffin
1976: Dorsett
1977: Browner
1978: Fusina
1979: C. White
1980: Green
1981: Allen
1982: H. Walker
1983: Rozier
1984: Flutie
1985: Long
1986: Testaverde
1987: McPherson
1988: Sanders
1989: Thompson
1990: Detmer
1991: Howard
1992: Torretta
1993: Ward
1994: Collins
1995: George
1996: Wuerffel
1997: P. Manning
1998: Williams
1999: Dayne
2000: Brees
2001: Dorsey
2002: Johnson
2003: E. Manning
2004: J. White
2005: Young
2006: Quinn
2007: Tebow
2008: Tebow
2009: McCoy
2010: Newton
2011: Luck

v t e 2012 NFL Draft First Round Selections

Andrew Luck Robert Griffin III Trent Richardson Matt Kalil Justin Blackmon Morris Claiborne Mark Barron Ryan Tannehill Luke Kuechly Stephon Gilmore Dontari Poe Fletcher Cox Michael Floyd Michael Brockers Bruce Irvin Quinton Coples Dre Kirkpatrick Melvin Ingram Shea McClellin Kendall Wright Chandler Jones Brandon Weeden Riley Reiff David DeCastro Dont'a Hightower Whitney Mercilus Kevin Zeitler Nick Perry Harrison Smith A. J. Jenkins Doug Martin David Wilson

Draft years 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12

National Football League Draft number one overall picks

v t e Baltimore / Indianapolis Colts first-round draft picks

Vessels Davidson Shaw Ameche Moore Parker Lyles Burkett Mix Matte Harris Vogel Woodson Curtis Ball Smith Detwiler Williams Hinton Bulaich McCauley Dunlap Drougas Jones Ehrmann Dutton Carr Huff Novak Burke McCall Krauss Dickey Hatchett McMillan Thompson Cooks Schlichter Elway Coleman Solt Bickett Hand Bennett Rison George Emtman Coryatt Dawkins Faulk Alberts Ellis Johnson Harrison Glenn Manning James Morris Wayne Freeney Clark Jackson Addai Gonzalez Brown Hughes Castonzo Luck

AFC East BUF MIA NE NYJ North BAL CIN CLE PIT South HOU IND JAC TEN West DEN KC OAK SD NFC East DAL NYG PHI WAS North CHI DET GB MIN South ATL CAR NO TB West ARI STL SF SEA

v t e Indianapolis Colts 2012 NFL Draft selections

Andrew Luck Coby Fleener Dwayne Allen T. Y. Hilton Josh Chapman Vick Ballard LaVon Brazill Justin Anderson Tim Fugger Chandler Harnish

v t e Indianapolis Colts current roster

Active roster	1 Pat McAfee 2 David Legree 3 Brian Stahovich 4 Adam Vinatieri 5 Drew Stanton 8 Chandler Harnish 9 Trevor Vittatoe 10 Jeremy Ross 11 Donnie Avery 12 Andrew Luck 13 T. Y. Hilton 14 Quan Cosby 15 LaVon Brazill 16 Jarred Fayson 17 Austin Collie 21 Kevin Thomas 23 Terrence Johnson 25 Jerraud Powers 26 Jermale Hines 27 Matt Merletti 28 Tom Zbikowski 29 Antonio Fenelus 30 David Caldwell 31 Donald Brown 32 Darren Evans 33 Vick Ballard 34 Delone Carter 35 Joe Lefeged 36 Chris Rucker 37 Brandon King 38 Mike Newton 39 Cameron Chism 39 Deji Karim 40 Buddy Jackson 41 Antoine Bethea 42 Micah Pellerin 43 Chris Galippo 43 Andre Smith 45 Matt Overton 46 Dominique Jones 47 Ryan Mahaffey 47 Latarrius Thomas 48 Justin Snow 49 Chris Gronkowski 50 Jerrell Freeman 51 Pat Angerer 52 A. J. Edds 53 Kavell Conner 54 Mario Harvey 55 Justin Hickman 56 Scott Lutrus 57 Jerry Brown 58 Tim Fugger 59 Kevin Eagan 60 Zane Taylor 61 Josh Chapman 61 Hayworth Hicks 62 A. Q. Shipley 64 Ollie Ogbu 65 Jake Kirkpatrick 66 Samson Satele 67 Mike Tepper 68 James Aiono 68 Jason Foster 69 Winston Justice 71 Ben Ijalana 72 Jeff Linkenbach 73 Seth Olsen 74 Anthony Castonzo 75 Mike McGlynn 76 Joe Reitz 78 Chigbo Anunoby 78 Steven Baker 79 Justin Anderson 80 Coby Fleener 83 Dwayne Allen 84 Griff Whalen 85 Jabin Sambrano 86 Kyle Miller 87 Reggie Wayne 90 Cory Redding 91 Ricardo Mathews 92 Jerry Hughes 93 Dwight Freeney 94 Drake Nevis 95 Fili Moala 96 Brandon McKinney 97 Mario Addison 98 Robert Mathis 99 Antonio Johnson

AFC East BUF MIA NE NYJ North BAL CIN CLE PIT South HOU IND JAC TEN West DEN KC OAK SD NFC East DAL NYG PHI WAS North CHI DET GB MIN South ATL CAR NO TB West ARI STL SF SEA

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Persondata
Name	Lewis, Ray
Alternative names
Short description	American football player
Date of birth	1975-05-15
Place of birth	Bartow, FL
Date of death
Place of death

Persondata
Name	Luck, Andrew
Alternative names	Luck, Andrew Austen; Luck, Andrew A.
Short description	All-American college football player, quarterback
Date of birth	September 12, 1989
Place of birth	Washington, D.C., United States
Date of death
Place of death

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