Cyberdog was an internet suite developed by Apple Computer for the Mac OS line of operating systems. It was introduced as a beta in February 1996^[1] and abandoned in March 1997.^[2] The last version, Cyberdog 2.0, was released on April 28, 1997.^[3] It worked with later versions of Mac OS 7 as well as the Mac OS 8 and Mac OS 9 operating systems.

Cyberdog derived its name from a cartoon in The New Yorker captioned, "On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog."^[4]

History[link]

Cyberdog 1[link]

Apple released Cyberdog 1.2 on December 4, 1996.^[5]

Cyberdog 2[link]

Apple released a first alpha version on December 21, 1996 with new features such as frames, cookies and animated GIF support.^[6]

Overview[link]

Cyberdog was an OpenDoc-based suite of internet applications, including email and news readers, a web browser and address book management components, as well as drag and drop FTP. OpenDoc allowed these components to be reused and embedded in other documents by the user. For instance, a "live" Cyberdog web page could be embedded in a presentation program, one of the common demonstrations of OpenDoc.

A serious problem with the OpenDoc project that Cyberdog depended on, was that it was part of a very acrimonious competition between OpenDoc consortium members and Microsoft. The members of the OpenDoc alliance were all trying to obtain traction in a market rapidly being dominated by Microsoft Office and Internet Explorer. At the same time, Microsoft used the synergy between the OS and applications divisions of the company to make it effectively mandatory that developers adopt the competing Microsoft Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) technology. OpenDoc was forced to create an interoperability layer in order to allow developers to use it, and this added a great technical burden to the project.

An offspring of Cyberdog called Subwoofer had been developed in parallel and was aimed at providing software developers with a simple library for integrating web communication protocols into applications. The project was completed after the cancellation of Cyberdog and released at the MacHack 1997 conference by Sari Harrison and Frédéric Artru. Subwoofer evolved into the URL Access library shipped with Mac OS 8.6.^[7]

Cancellation[link]

OpenDoc had several hundred developers signed up, but the timing was poor. Apple Computer was rapidly losing money at the time. Before long, OpenDoc was scrapped, with Steve Jobs noting that they "put a bullet through [OpenDoc's] head", and most of the team was laid off in March 1997.^[8] Other sources noted that Microsoft hired away three ClarisWorks developers who were responsible for OpenDoc integration into ClarisWorks.^[9]

AppleShare IP Manager from versions 5.0 to 6.2 relied on OpenDoc, but AppleShare IP 6.3, the first Mac OS 9 compatible version (released in 1999), eliminated the reliance on OpenDoc.^[10] Apple officially relinquished the last trademark on the name OpenDoc on June 11, 2005.

OpenDoc had a large memory footprint for the time. And since the OS/2 (Warp 4) versions of OpenDoc were behind schedule, Cyberdog only ran on Macintosh. Moreover, saved documents were not viewable from applications which did not support OpenDoc's Bento format. After Apple terminated Cyberdog along with the rest of OpenDoc, Cyberdog's web browser component grew outdated as web standards evolved.

Cyberdog was once positioned as a replacement for the earlier, discontinued, Apple Open Collaboration Environment.

See also[link]

• Safari — Apple's current web browser
• Mail — Apple's current eMail client
• Finder (10.2+) — Apple later integrated FTP functionality into the Finder
• Address Book — Apple's system-level address book service
• Network Browser — An FTP client introduced in OS 9
• Claris Emailer — Apple's earlier eMail client

References[link]

External links[link]

• Cyberdog
• Cyberdog Installation

v t e Email clients Open source Alpine Arachne Balsa BlitzMail Citadel/UX Classilla Claws Mail Columba Cone Elm Evolution fetchmail getmail GNUMail Gnus Gnuzilla IMP KMail Mahogany Mailody Modest Mozilla Thunderbird Mulberry Mutt nmh / MH Roundcube SeaMonkey sendEmail Spicebird SquirrelMail Sylpheed Wanderlust YAM Zimbra Freeware ChatterEmail Denshin 8 go EmailTray Eudora Foxmail i.Scribe IncrediMail Opera Mail Wanderlust Windows Live Mail Retail Apple Mail IBM Lotus Notes InScribe Microsoft Outlook Novell GroupWise Sparrow Bloomba/WordPerfect Mail Shareware Becky! Eureka Email Forté Agent Gemini (mail/news) GyazMail Pocomail The Bat! Donationware Forté Agent Pegasus Mail Discontinued Beonex Communicator cc:Mail Claris Emailer Columbia MM Courier Cyberdog Cyberjack Hula Meldware Communication Suite Microsoft Entourage Microsoft Internet Mail and News MINUET Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups NeXTMail Netscape Mail Netscape Messenger 9 Omni Mobile Outlook Express Pine POPmail Turnpike Windows Mail Windows Messaging Related technologies Extended SMTP IMAP POP Push-IMAP SMAP SMTP UUCP Related articles Email Unicode and email Category · Comparison · List