Oct 25

Friday, 26 October 2012

Oct 25

TNA iMPACT Wrestling - 10/25/12 - 25th October 2012 Part 1/6 (HQ) - BollyRuelz.Net

China News - October 25, 2012: Nuclear Expansion,

Hongey Judaa Na Hum - Episode 25 - 22th October 2012

Club Penguin Field Ops - Mission 105 - October 25, 2012

Somebody That I Used to Know - Walk off the Earth (Gotye - Cover)

TV9 LADIES CLUB - TV9 LADIES CLUB - HI-TECH MODULAR KITCHENS

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Australia
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Australia
Battle of Agincourt
The Battle of Agincourt was a major English victory against a numerically superior French army in the Hundred Years' War. The battle occurred on Friday 25 October 1415 (Saint Crispin's Day),(September 3rd. NS), in northern France. Henry V's victory had a crippling effect on France and started a new period in the war, during which Henry married the French king's daughter and his son was made heir to the throne of France. However, his battlefield successes were not capitalised on by his heir, Henry VI.
http://wn.com/Battle_of_Agincourt
Battle of Leyte Gulf
The Battle of Leyte Gulf, also called the "Battles for Leyte Gulf", and formerly known as the "Second Battle of the Philippine Sea", is generally considered to be the largest naval battle of World War II and also the largest naval battle in history.
http://wn.com/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf
Brazzaville
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http://wn.com/Brazzaville
Carei
http://wn.com/Carei
Caribbean
The CaribbeanPronounced or . Both pronunciations are equally valid; indeed, they see equal use even within areas of the Caribbean itself. Cf. Royal Caribbean, which stresses the second syllable. In this case, as a proper noun, those who would normally pronounce it a different way may use the pronunciation associated with the noun when referring to it. More generic nouns such as the Caribbean Community are generally referred to using the speaker's preferred pronunciation.; Dutch ; or more commonly Antilles is a region consisting of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (most of which enclose the sea), and the surrounding coasts. The region is located southeast of the Gulf of Mexico and North America, east of Central America, and to the north of South America.
http://wn.com/Caribbean
Central Java
Central Java () is a province of Indonesia. The administrative capital is Semarang. It is one of six provinces on the island of Java. The province of Central Java is 32,548.20 km2 in area; approximately a quarter of the total land area of Java. Its population is (), making it the third most-populous province in Indonesia after West Java and East Java, and constituting a bit less than one quarter of the crowded island's population.
http://wn.com/Central_Java
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba (; , ) is an island country in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos.
http://wn.com/Cuba
Flanders
Flanders (Dutch: , ) is the (political) community of the Flemings but also one of the institutions in Belgium, and a geographical region located in parts of present-day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands. Over the course of history, the geographical territory that was called "Flanders" has varied.
http://wn.com/Flanders
France
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/France
Great Britain
Great Britain is an island situated to the northwest of Continental Europe. It is the ninth largest island in the world, and the largest European island. With a population of about 60.0 million people in mid-2009, it is the third most populated island on Earth. Great Britain is surrounded by over 1,000 smaller islands and islets. The island of Ireland lies to its west. Politically, Great Britain may also refer to the island itself together with a number of surrounding islands which comprise the territory of England, Scotland and Wales.
http://wn.com/Great_Britain
Grenada
Grenada () is an island country and Commonwealth Realm consisting of the island of Grenada and six smaller islands at the southern end of the Grenadines in the southeastern Caribbean Sea. Grenada is located northwest of Trinidad and Tobago, northeast of Venezuela, and southwest of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
http://wn.com/Grenada
Indonesia
Indonesia ( or ), officially the Republic of Indonesia (), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia comprises 17,508 islands. With a population of around 238 million people, it is the world's fourth most populous country, and has the world's largest population of Muslims. Indonesia is a republic, with an elected legislature and president. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies.
http://wn.com/Indonesia
Japan
http://wn.com/Japan
Kazakhstan
http://wn.com/Kazakhstan
Lithuania
Lithuania (, U.S. usually ; ), officially the Republic of Lithuania () is a country in Northern Europe, the southernmost of the three Baltic states. Situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, it shares borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland, and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad to the southwest.
http://wn.com/Lithuania
London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
http://wn.com/London
Nazi Germany
http://wn.com/Nazi_Germany
Netherlands
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Netherlands
Nevada
Nevada is a state located in the western and southwestern region of the United States. Nevada is also part of the Mountain States. The capital is Carson City and the largest city is Las Vegas. The state's nickname is Silver State, due to the large number of silver deposits that were discovered and mined there. "Sagebrush State" and "Battle Born State" are its alternative nicknames. In 1864, Nevada became the 36th state to enter the union, and the phrase "Battle Born" on the state flag reflects the state's entry on the Union side during the American Civil War. Its first nonnative settlement was called Mormon Station.
http://wn.com/Nevada
Persia
http://wn.com/Persia
Petrograd
http://wn.com/Petrograd
Philippines
The Philippines ( ), officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (), is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam. The Sulu Sea to the southwest lies between the country and the island of Borneo, and to the south the Celebes Sea separates it from other islands of Indonesia. It is bounded on the east by the Philippine Sea. Its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and its tropical climate make the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons but have also endowed the country with natural resources and made it one of the richest areas of biodiversity in the world. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila.
http://wn.com/Philippines
Portugal
Portugal (, ), officially the Portuguese Republic (; ), is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east. The Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are also part of Portugal.
http://wn.com/Portugal
Republic of China
The Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, is a state in East Asia located off the east coast of mainland China. Subject to an ongoing dispute with the People's Republic of China (PRC) that has left it with limited formal diplomatic relations, the government of the Republic of China currently governs the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor islands. Neighbouring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
http://wn.com/Republic_of_China
Romania
Romania ( ; dated: Rumania; ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, north of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south.
http://wn.com/Romania
Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
http://wn.com/Russia
Soviet Union
http://wn.com/Soviet_Union
St Katharine Docks
St Katharine Docks, in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, were one of the commercial docks serving London, on the north side of the river Thames just east (downstream) of the Tower of London and Tower Bridge. They were part of the Port of London, in the area now known as the Docklands, and are now a popular housing and leisure complex.
http://wn.com/St_Katharine_Docks
Taiwan
Taiwan, also known (especially in the past) as Formosa (from , "Beautiful Island"), is an island situated in East Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It comprises most (99%) of the territory of the Republic of China (ROC) since the 1950s. The term "Taiwan" is also a common name to refer to the entire country of the Republic of China.
http://wn.com/Taiwan
The Hague
http://wn.com/The_Hague
Third Reich
http://wn.com/Third_Reich
Transvaal Colony
The Transvaal (Afrikaans, lit. beyond the Vaal River) is the name of an area of northern South Africa. Originally the bulk of the independent Boer South African Republic, which had existed since 1856, despite two previous attempts by the British of varying success to establish supremacy; after the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902 it became the Transvaal Colony, and eventually one of the founding provinces of the Union of South Africa.
http://wn.com/Transvaal_Colony
Uganda
The Republic of Uganda ( or ) is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by Tanzania. The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, which is also bordered by Kenya and Tanzania.
http://wn.com/Uganda
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
http://wn.com/United_Kingdom
United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
http://wn.com/United_States
Uruguay
Uruguay (, ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay (sometimes rendered as the Eastern Republic of Uruguay in the English language; , ), is a country located in the southeastern part of South America. It is home to some 3.5 million people, of whom 1.4 million live in the capital Montevideo and its metropolitan area. An estimated 88% of the population are of European descent.
http://wn.com/Uruguay
USS Tang (SS-306)
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http://wn.com/USS_Tang_(SS-306)
Western Australia
Western Australia is a state of Australia, occupying the entire western third of the Australian continent. Australia's largest state and the second largest subnational entity in the world, it has 2.2 million inhabitants (10% of the national total), 85% of whom live in the south-west corner of the state.
http://wn.com/Western_Australia
Winter Palace
The Winter Palace () in Saint Petersburg, Russia, was, from 1732 to 1917, the official residence of the Russian Tsars. Situated between the Palace Embankment and the Palace Square, adjacent to the site of Peter the Great's original Winter Palace, the present and fourth Winter Palace was built and altered almost continuously between the late 1730s and 1837, when it was severely damaged by fire and immediately rebuilt. The storming of the palace in 1917 became an iconic symbol of the Russian Revolution.
http://wn.com/Winter_Palace

A-Teens
The A-Teens was a pop music group from Stockholm, Sweden, formed by Niklas Berg in 1998 as an ABBA tribute called ABBA Teens and later renamed to A-Teens. They were composed of Marie Serneholt, Amit Sebastian Paul, Dhani Lennevald and Sara Lumholdt. The band's debut album became a success around the world and in 2001 it was reported that the band had sold 6 million albums worldwide. A popular misconception in the United States, at least in the group's early days, was that they were the children of the ABBA members. The band disbanded in 2006.
http://wn.com/A-Teens
Abbas Mirza
http://wn.com/Abbas_Mirza
Abebe Bikila
http://wn.com/Abebe_Bikila
Abel Gance
http://wn.com/Abel_Gance
Adam Goldberg
Adam Charles Goldberg (born October 25, 1970) is an American actor, director, and producer.
http://wn.com/Adam_Goldberg
Adam Pascal
Adam Pascal (born October 25, 1970) is an American actor and singer known for his performance as Roger Davis in the original cast of Jonathan Larson's musical Rent on Broadway 1996, the 2005 movie version of the musical, and the Broadway Tour of Rent in 2009. He is also known for originating the role of Radames in Elton John and Tim Rice's Aida and for playing the Emcee from the 1998 revival of Cabaret.
http://wn.com/Adam_Pascal
Adlai Stevenson II
http://wn.com/Adlai_Stevenson_II
Afonso I
http://wn.com/Afonso_I
African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans, and formerly as American Negroes) are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa. In the United States, the terms are generally used for Americans with at least partial Sub-Saharan African ancestry.
http://wn.com/African_American
Albert Einstein
http://wn.com/Albert_Einstein
Alfonsina Storni
http://wn.com/Alfonsina_Storni
Anne Pressly
http://wn.com/Anne_Pressly
Anne Tyler
Anne Tyler (born October 25, 1941) is an American novelist.
http://wn.com/Anne_Tyler
Annie Girardot
http://wn.com/Annie_Girardot
Antonios Miaoulis
Antonios Miaoulis (, 1800-October 25, 1836) was a Greek politician and a revolutionary leader during the Greek War of Independence.
http://wn.com/Antonios_Miaoulis
Athena Chu
http://wn.com/Athena_Chu
Barbara Cook
Barbara Cook (born October 25, 1927) is an American singer and actress who first came to prominence in the 1950s after starring in the original Broadway musicals Candide (1956) and The Music Man (1957) among others, winning a Tony Award for the latter. She continued performing mostly in theatre until the mid 1970s, when she began a second career that continues to this day as a cabaret and concert singer.
http://wn.com/Barbara_Cook
Bat for Lashes
Natasha Khan (born 25 October 1979), also known by her stage name "Bat for Lashes", is an English musician. She sings and plays the piano, bass, guitar, harpsichord and the autoharp.
http://wn.com/Bat_for_Lashes
Birgit Prinz
MedalCountry|
http://wn.com/Birgit_Prinz
Bobby Knight
http://wn.com/Bobby_Knight
Bobby Riggs
http://wn.com/Bobby_Riggs
Brett Kirk
Brett Kirk (born 25 October 1976) is a former Australian rules football player of the Sydney Swans, and is known colloquially as "Kirky", "Captain Kirk", during the 2005 AFL Finals Series, "Captain Blood" and by teammates as "Hippy". Kirk is a hard working and onfield leader who has played in a premiership with the Sydney Swans.
http://wn.com/Brett_Kirk
Chad Smith
Chad Smith (born October 25, 1961) is best known as being the longtime and current drummer of Red Hot Chili Peppers. He is also the drummer of the hard rock band Chickenfoot (although his current status with the band is unknown) and the instrumental band Chad Smith's Bombastic Meatbats.
http://wn.com/Chad_Smith
Charles d'Albret
'''Charles d'Albret''' (died 25 October 1415) was Constable of France two different times: from 1402 until 1411, and again from 1413 until 1415. He was also the co-commander of the French army at the Battle of Agincourt where he was killed by the English forces led by King Henry V.
http://wn.com/Charles_d'Albret
Charles Hallé
http://wn.com/Charles_Hallé
Chely Wright
Richell Rene "Chely" Wright (born October 25, 1970) is an American country music artist and, starting in 2010, gay rights activist. On the strength of her debut album in 1994, the Academy of Country Music (ACM) named her Top New Female Vocalist in 1995. Wright's first Top 40 country hit came in 1997 with "Shut Up and Drive". Two years later, her fourth album yielded her first number one single, the title track, "Single White Female". Overall, Wright has released seven studio albums on various labels, and has charted more than fifteen singles on the country charts. As of May 2010, Wright's previous eight albums had sold 975,000 copies in the United States. In May 2010, Wright became the first major country music performer to publicly come out as gay. In television appearances and an autobiography, she cited among her reasons for publicizing her gayness a concern with bullying and hate crimes toward gays, particularly gay teenagers, and the damage to her life caused by "lying and hiding".
http://wn.com/Chely_Wright
Chris Norman
Chris Norman (born Christopher Ward Norman, 25 October 1950, in Redcar, North Yorkshire) is an English soft rock singer. Norman was the lead singer of Smokie, an English glam rock band from Bradford, which found success in Europe in the 1970s.
http://wn.com/Chris_Norman
Christina Amphlett
Christine Joy Amphlett (born 25 October 1959 in Geelong, Victoria, Australia) is the lead singer of Australian rock band Divinyls. She is also known as Chrissy Amphlett.
http://wn.com/Christina_Amphlett
Chubby Jackson
http://wn.com/Chubby_Jackson
Ciara
Ciara Princess Harris (born October 25, 1985), who performs under the mononym Ciara, is an American recording artist, dancer, actress, and fashion model. Born in Austin, Texas, she traveled around the world during her childhood, only to land in Atlanta, Georgia where she met music producer, Jazze Pha. With his help, she was signed to LaFace Records, and went on to become a successful artist, selling more than seven million albums worldwide and having numerous top ten hits.
http://wn.com/Ciara
Cleo Moore
Cleouna "Cleo" Moore (October 31, 1928 – October 28, 1973) was an American actress, usually seen in the role of a blonde bombshell, in 1950s Hollywood films.
http://wn.com/Cleo_Moore
Crispin
Saints Crispin and Crispinian are the Christian patron saints of cobblers, tanners, leather workers and, since it came into being, of the leather subculture. (bikers or other people wearing leather regularly, see also: biker culture). Born to a noble Roman family in the 3rd century AD, Saints Crispin and Crispinian, twin brothers, fled persecution for their faith, winding up in Soissons, where they preached Christianity to the Gauls and made shoes by night. Their success attracted the ire of Rictus Varus, the governor of Belgic Gaul, who had them tortured and beheaded c. 286.
http://wn.com/Crispin
Dan Burke (baseball)
http://wn.com/Dan_Burke_(baseball)
Dan Gable
http://wn.com/Dan_Gable
Daniel Mark Epstein
Daniel Mark Epstein (born 25 October 1948 in Washington, D.C.) is an American poet, dramatist and biographer.
http://wn.com/Daniel_Mark_Epstein
Danny Chan
Danny Chan Bak-keung (7 September 1958- 25 October 1993) was a popular 1980s cantopop singer, composer and actor in Hong Kong with origins in Taishan, Guangdong. Chan was of the first generation of pop idols in Hong Kong. He was already an electronic organ player, a songwriter, an actor and a promising singer at the beginning of his career. He made a name for himself with his debut release, "Tears For You", which established him as a teen idol. Ripple, Just Loving You and What One Wants in Life are just some of the golden hits written and sung by Chan. He is mostly remembered for his Cantonese romance ballads and high quality compositions. Chan died in 1993 after being in a coma for 17 months.
http://wn.com/Danny_Chan
Danny Rolling
Danny Harold Rolling (May 26, 1954 – October 25, 2006), also known as The Gainesville Ripper, was an American convicted serial killer. After confessing to the murder and mutilation of five students in Gainesville, Florida in August 1990, he was ultimately executed. He also confessed to raping several of his victims, committing an additional 1989 triple homicide in Shreveport, Louisiana, and attempting to murder his father in May 1990. In all, Rolling confessed to killing eight people.
http://wn.com/Danny_Rolling
Darron Gibson
Darron Thomas Daniel Gibson (born 25 October 1987) is a footballer who plays for Manchester United and the Republic of Ireland. He has also played, on loan, for Royal Antwerp and Wolverhampton Wanderers.
http://wn.com/Darron_Gibson
Dave Cowens
David William Cowens (born October 25, 1948, in Newport, Kentucky) is a retired American professional basketball player and NBA head coach. At 6'9", he played the center and occasionally the power forward position. He was inducted into the Basketball Hall of Fame in 1991. He was recently an assistant coach for the Detroit Pistons, and currently serves as a special assistant to Pistons President of Basketball Operations Joe Dumars.
http://wn.com/Dave_Cowens
Dimosthenis Dogkas
http://wn.com/Dimosthenis_Dogkas
Dirk Hartog
Dirk Hartog (baptized 30 October 1580, Amsterdamburied 11 October 1621, Amsterdam) was a 17th century Dutch sailor and explorer. Dirk Hartog's expedition was the second European group to land on Australian soil. He left behind an artifact to record his visit, the Hartog plate. His name is sometimes alternately spelled Dirk Hartog, Dirck Hartog or Dierick Hartochsz. Ernest Giles referred to him as Theodoric Hertoge.
http://wn.com/Dirk_Hartog
DJ Webstar
Troy Ryan (born October 25, 1986), better known by his stage name DJ Webstar is a DJ/producer/rapper/singer. In 2006 his song "Chicken Noodle Soup" became an internet hit with fans uploading their own videos to the song's track, the popularity lead to him being signed by Universal.
http://wn.com/DJ_Webstar
Eddie Argos
Eddie Argos (born Kevin Macklin 25 October 1979) is the lead singer of English rock band Art Brut,
http://wn.com/Eddie_Argos
Eddie Gaven
Eddie Gaven (born October 25, 1986 in Hamilton Township, New Jersey) is an American soccer player who currently plays for Columbus Crew in Major League Soccer.
http://wn.com/Eddie_Gaven
Eddie Lang
Eddie Lang (October 25, 1902 – March 26, 1933) was an American jazz guitarist, regarded as Father of Jazz Guitar. He played a Gibson L-4 and L-5 guitar, providing great influence for many guitarists, including Django Reinhardt.
http://wn.com/Eddie_Lang
Edmond Pidoux
Edmond Pidoux (October 25, 1908-April 17, 2004) was a Swiss author who wrote numerous poems, novels, and essays. He was particularly renowned for Biblical pieces such as ''L'histoire de Jonas.'' In 1982, he won the Prix du livre vaudois.
http://wn.com/Edmond_Pidoux
Eduard Einstein
http://wn.com/Eduard_Einstein
Eirik Glambek Bøe
http://wn.com/Eirik_Glambek_Bøe
Eman Lam
Eman Lam is a Hong Kong cantopop singer and musician. Lam and Ellen Joyce Loo form the group at17.
http://wn.com/Eman_Lam
Eugene "Porky" Lee
http://wn.com/Eugene_"Porky"_Lee
Fabian Hambüchen
http://wn.com/Fabian_Hambüchen
Fidel Castro
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born August 13, 1926) is a Cuban politician. One of the primary leaders of the Cuban Revolution, Castro served as the Prime Minister of Cuba from February 1959 to December 1976, and then as the President of the Council of State of Cuba and the President of Council of Ministers of Cuba until his resignation from the office in February 2008. He currently serves as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba, a position he has held since 1965.
http://wn.com/Fidel_Castro
Forrest Tucker
:For the bank robber see Forrest Tucker (criminal)
http://wn.com/Forrest_Tucker
Francis Beckman
http://wn.com/Francis_Beckman
Fred Marcellino
Fred Marcellino (October 25, 1939-July 12, 2001) was an illustrator and later an author of children's books who was very influential in the book industry. Publisher Nan Talese said that Marcellino could "in one image, translate the whole feeling and style of a book." Such was the case with his evocative painting for Judith Rossner's August, published and edited by Talese.
http://wn.com/Fred_Marcellino
Galina Vishnevskaya
Galina Pavlovna Vishnevskaya () (born 25 October 1926) is a Russian soprano opera singer and recitalist who was named a People's Artist of the USSR in 1966.
http://wn.com/Galina_Vishnevskaya
Geoffrey Chaucer
http://wn.com/Geoffrey_Chaucer
Georges Bizet
Georges Bizet (25 October 1838 – 3 June 1875) was a French composer and pianist of the Romantic era. He is best known for the opera Carmen.
http://wn.com/Georges_Bizet
Gerald Templer
Field Marshal Sir Gerald Walter Robert Templer KG, GCB, GCMG, KBE (11 September 1898–25 October 1979) was a British military commander. He is best known for his defeat of the guerrilla rebels in Malaya between 1952 and 1954. "The jungle has been neutralised", he declared in a Time Magazine cover article in 1952.
http://wn.com/Gerald_Templer
Geraud Duroc
http://wn.com/Geraud_Duroc
Geschwister Scholl
Die Geschwister Scholl (Eng: The Scholl siblings) refers to brother and sister Hans and Sophie Scholl, who were members of the White Rose, a non-violent resistance movement in Nazi Germany.
http://wn.com/Geschwister_Scholl
Glenn Tipton
Glenn Raymond Tipton (born 25 October 1947 in Blackheath, West Midlands, UK) is one of the Grammy Award winning guitarists (and occasional keyboard player) for the British heavy metal band Judas Priest. Prior to joining Judas Priest, he was in The Flying Hat Band.
http://wn.com/Glenn_Tipton
Goya Jaekel
http://wn.com/Goya_Jaekel
Gregory Isaacs
Gregory Isaacs (born Gregory Anthony Isaacs, 15 July 1951, Fletchers Land, Kingston, Jamaica) is a Jamaican reggae musician. Milo Miles, writing in the New York Times, described Isaacs as "the most vocalist in reggae".
http://wn.com/Gregory_Isaacs
Gyptian
:This article is about the Jamaican reggae singer. For the fictional characters from the His Dark Materials trilogy, see Gyptians.
http://wn.com/Gyptian
Han Yeo-reum
Han Yeo-reum (; born October 25, 1983) is a South Korean actress. She is perhaps most notable for her roles on two films by Kim Ki-duk: Samaritan Girl (under the pseudonym Seo Min-jeong) and The Bow.
http://wn.com/Han_Yeo-reum
Hans-Georg Kraus
http://wn.com/Hans-Georg_Kraus
Harry Ferguson
Henry George "Harry" Ferguson (4 November 1884 – 25 October 1960) was an Irish engineer and inventor who is noted for his role in the development of the modern agricultural tractor, for becoming the first Irishman to build and fly his own aeroplane, and for developing the first four-wheel drive Formula One car, the Ferguson P99. Today his name lives on in the name of the Massey Ferguson company.
http://wn.com/Harry_Ferguson
Harry Shoulberg
Harry Shoulberg (1903 – 1995) was an American expressionist painter.
http://wn.com/Harry_Shoulberg
Heinrich Himmler
http://wn.com/Heinrich_Himmler
Helen Reddy
Helen Reddy (born October 25, 1941) is an Australian-born singer and actress. In the 1970s, she enjoyed international success, especially in the United States, where she placed fifteen singles in the Top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100. Three of those fifteen songs reached #1, including her signature hit "I Am Woman."
http://wn.com/Helen_Reddy
Henry Knox
;
http://wn.com/Henry_Knox
Henry Sy
http://wn.com/Henry_Sy
Henry V of England
http://wn.com/Henry_V_of_England
Ioannis Kyrastas
Ioannis Kyrastas () (25 October 1952 - 1 April 2004) was a Greek footballer and football manager.
http://wn.com/Ioannis_Kyrastas
Ismail Gulgee
Ismail Gulgee - The Gulgeez (October 25, 1926 – December 16, 2007) Pride of Performance, Sitara-e-Imtiaz (twice), Hilal-e-Imtiaz, was an award-winning, globally famous Pakistani artist born in Peshawar. He was a qualified engineer in the U.S. and self-taught abstract painter and portrait painter. Before 1959, as portraitist, he painted the entire Afghan Royal Family. From about 1960 on, he was noted as an abstract painter influenced by the tradition of Islamic calligraphy and by the American "action painting" idiom.
http://wn.com/Ismail_Gulgee
Ivan M. Niven
Ivan Morton Niven (October 25, 1915 – May 9, 1999) was a Canadian-American mathematician, specializing in number theory. He did his undergraduate studies at the University of British Columbia and was awarded his doctorate in 1938 from the University of Chicago. He was a member of the University of Oregon faculty from 1947 to his retirement in 1981. He received the University of Oregon's Charles E. Johnson Award in 1981.
http://wn.com/Ivan_M_Niven
Ivan Marconi
http://wn.com/Ivan_Marconi
J.A. Adande
http://wn.com/JA_Adande
James Carville
James Carville (born October 25, 1944) is an American political consultant, commentator, educator, actor, attorney, media personality, and prominent liberal pundit. Carville gained national attention for his work as the lead strategist of the successful presidential campaign of then-Arkansas governor Bill Clinton. Carville was a co-host of CNN's Crossfire until its final broadcast in June 2005. Since its cancellation, he has appeared on CNN's news program, The Situation Room. As of 2009, he hosts a weekly program on XM Radio titled 60/20 Sports with Luke Russert, son of the late Tim Russert who hosted NBC's Meet The Press. He is married to Republican political consultant Mary Matalin. In 2009, he began teaching political science at Tulane University.
http://wn.com/James_Carville
Janice Tanton
Janice Tanton is a Canadian artist.
http://wn.com/Janice_Tanton
Jean Titelouze
Jean (Jehan) Titelouze (c. 1562/3 – 24 October 1633) was a French composer, poet and organist of the early Baroque period. His style was firmly rooted in the Renaissance vocal tradition, and as such was far removed from the distinctly French style of organ music that developed during the mid-17th century. However, his hymns and Magnificat settings are the earliest known published French organ collections, and he is regarded as the first composer of the French organ school.
http://wn.com/Jean_Titelouze
Jerome Carter
Jerome Carter (born October 25, 1982 in ) is an American football safety for the Florida Tuskers of the United Football League. He was drafted by the St. Louis Rams in the fourth round of the 2005 NFL Draft. He played college football at Florida State.
http://wn.com/Jerome_Carter
Jerome Isaac Jones
http://wn.com/Jerome_Isaac_Jones
Jimmy Heath
James Edward Heath (born October 25, 1926), nicknamed Little Bird, is an American jazz saxophonist, composer and arranger. He is the brother of bassist Percy Heath and drummer Albert Heath.
http://wn.com/Jimmy_Heath
Jimmy McIlroy
James "Jimmy" McIlroy (born 25 October 1931, Lambeg, near Lisburn, Northern Ireland) is a former football player, regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of Burnley.
http://wn.com/Jimmy_McIlroy
Johann Georg Estor
http://wn.com/Johann_Georg_Estor
Johann Strauss II
Johann Strauss II (October 25, 1825 – June 3, 1899; also known as fully Johann Baptist Strauss, and Johann Strauss, Jr., the Younger, or the Son () was an Austrian composer of light music, particularly dance music and operettas. He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas, quadrilles, and other types of dance music, as well as several operettas and a ballet. In his lifetime, he was known as "The Waltz King", and was largely responsible for the popularity of the waltz in Vienna during the 19th century.
http://wn.com/Johann_Strauss_II
John Berryman
http://wn.com/John_Berryman
John C. Clark
http://wn.com/John_C_Clark
John Francis Dodge
John Francis Dodge (October 25, 1864 - January 14, 1920) was an American automobile manufacturing pioneer and co-founder of Dodge Brothers Company.
http://wn.com/John_Francis_Dodge
John II of Portugal
http://wn.com/John_II_of_Portugal
John Peel
http://wn.com/John_Peel
Jon Anderson
Jon Anderson (born John Roy Anderson on 25 October 1944) is an English musician, known as the former lead singer of the progressive rock band Yes. He is also an accomplished solo artist, and has collaborated with artists such as the Greek musician Vangelis, among others.
http://wn.com/Jon_Anderson
Jorge Batlle Ibáñez
http://wn.com/Jorge_Batlle_Ibáñez
Josef Beranek
http://wn.com/Josef_Beranek
Joseph Montferrand
Joseph "Jos" Montferrand (born Joseph Favre; October 25, 1802-October 4, 1864) was a French-Canadian logger, strong man and hero of the working man, who was the inspiration for the legendary Ottawa Valley figure Big Joe Mufferaw. NOTE: His Legendary nickname, Big Joe Muffraw, was believed to be a result of english speaking men mispronouncing "Montferrand".
http://wn.com/Joseph_Montferrand
Josh Henderson
Joshua Baret Henderson (born October 25, 1981) is an American actor and singer. He rose to fame as one of the male members of Scene 23, a pop singing group that were selected as the winners of The WB's singing competition Popstars 2. After the group disbanded, he began focusing on an acting career. His most high-profile role to date has been that of Austin McCann on the ABC hit television series Desperate Housewives. On October 10, 2008, TVGuide.com reported that Henderson will be joining the cast of 90210 as Sean, the biological son of Harry Wilson and Tracy Clark who turned out to be a con artist.
http://wn.com/Josh_Henderson
June
http://wn.com/June
Kara Lynn Joyce
Swimmer
http://wn.com/Kara_Lynn_Joyce
Katarina Kosača
http://wn.com/Katarina_Kosača
Katharine Byron
Katharine Edgar Byron (October 25, 1903 – December 28, 1976), a democrat, was a U.S. Congresswoman who represented the 6th congressional district of Maryland from May 27, 1941 to January 3, 1943. She was the first woman elected to Congress from Maryland.
http://wn.com/Katharine_Byron
Kati Kovács
http://wn.com/Kati_Kovács
Katy Perry
http://wn.com/Katy_Perry
Kelley Missal
Kelley Missal (born Kelley Rose Missal on October 25, 1993) is an American actress. She is best known for her role as Danielle Rayburn on the ABC soap opera One Life to Live.
http://wn.com/Kelley_Missal
Klaus Barbie
http://wn.com/Klaus_Barbie
Kornelia Ender
MedalCountry|
http://wn.com/Kornelia_Ender
Lamont Bentley
Lamont Bentley (October 25, 1973 – January 19, 2005) was an American actor and rapper. He was known for his role as Hakeem Campbell on Moesha and the series' spin-off The Parkers.
http://wn.com/Lamont_Bentley
Lee Byung-Kyu
Lee Byung-Kyu (born October 25, 1974) is a South Korean baseball player who competed in the 1996 Summer Olympics and in the 2000 Summer Olympics.
http://wn.com/Lee_Byung-Kyu
Lee MacPhail
Leland Stanford MacPhail, Jr. (born October 25, 1917 in Nashville, Tennessee) is an American retired front-office executive in Major League Baseball. MacPhail was a baseball executive for 45 years, serving as the director of player personnel for the New York Yankees, the president and general manager of the Baltimore Orioles, chief aide to Commissioner of Baseball William Eckert, executive vice president and general manager of the Yankees, and president of the American League.
http://wn.com/Lee_MacPhail
Leo G. Carroll
Leo Gratten Carroll (25 October 1886 – 16 October 1972) was an English-born actor. He was best known for his roles in several Hitchcock films and The Man from U.N.C.L.E. and "Topper".
http://wn.com/Leo_G_Carroll
Leo I the Thracian
http://wn.com/Leo_I_the_Thracian
Leo II (emperor)
Leo II (; 467 - 17 November 474) was Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Emperor for less than a year in 474. He was the son of Zeno and Ariadne, and maternal grandson of Leo I and Verina. As Leo's closest male relative, he was named successor upon his grandfather's death. After taking his father as colleague, he died of an unknown disease about 10 months into his reign in November, 474. It was widely rumored that he might have been poisoned by his mother Ariadne in order to bring her husband Zeno to the throne. He was indeed succeeded by his father, although his grandmother Verina took advantage of his death to conspire against Zeno.
http://wn.com/Leo_II_(emperor)
Levi Lincoln, Jr.
http://wn.com/Levi_Lincoln_Jr
Lisa Blount
Lisa S. Blount (born July 1, 1957) is an American film and television actress and Oscar-winning producer.
http://wn.com/Lisa_Blount
Lord Mayor of Cork
The Lord Mayor of Cork is the symbolic head of the local government in the city of Cork in Ireland. The current Lord Mayor is Mick O'Connell of the Labour Party.
http://wn.com/Lord_Mayor_of_Cork
Magnus I of Norway
http://wn.com/Magnus_I_of_Norway
Marion Ross
Marion Ross (born October 25, 1928) is an American actress, best known for her role as Marion Cunningham on the TV series Happy Days from 1974 to 1984.
http://wn.com/Marion_Ross
Markus Pöyhönen
http://wn.com/Markus_Pöyhönen
Masako Nozawa
http://wn.com/Masako_Nozawa
Matthias Jabs
Matthias Jabs (born October 25, 1955) is a German guitarist and songwriter. He is a member of the hard rock band Scorpions. Before joining the Scorpions, Jabs had played for the bands Lady, Fargo and Deadlock.
http://wn.com/Matthias_Jabs
Maurice Bishop
http://wn.com/Maurice_Bishop
Max Stirner
http://wn.com/Max_Stirner
Michael Boatman
Michael Patrick Boatman (born October 25, 1964) is an Image Award-nominated American actor and writer. He is best known for his roles as U.S. Army Specialist Samuel Beckett in the ABC drama series China Beach, as New York City mayoral aide Carter Heywood in the ABC sitcom Spin City, and as sports agent Stanley Babson in the HBO comedy series Arli$$.
http://wn.com/Michael_Boatman
Michael of Romania
Michael (born 25 October 1921) reigned as King of the Romanians (, literally "His Majesty Michael I King of the Romanians") from 20 July 1927 to 8 June 1930, and again from 6 September 1940, until forced to abdicate by the communists backed up by orders of Stalin to the Soviet armies of occupation on 30 December 1947. In addition to being the current pretender to the throne of Romania, he is also a Prince of Hohenzollern.
http://wn.com/Michael_of_Romania
Midori Goto
http://wn.com/Midori_Goto
Mike Eruzione
Michael "Ritz" Eruzione (; born October 25, 1954) is an Italian-American former ice hockey player who was the captain of the 1980 Winter Olympics United States national team that defeated the Soviet Union in the famous Miracle on Ice game.
http://wn.com/Mike_Eruzione
Mildred Natwick
http://wn.com/Mildred_Natwick
Minias of Florence
Saint Minias (Minas, Miniatus) (, ) (3rd century) is venerated as the first Christian martyr of Florence. The church of San Miniato al Monte is dedicated to him. According to legend, he was an Armenian king or prince serving in the Roman Army -or making a penitential pilgrimage to Rome- who had decided to become a hermit near Florence.
http://wn.com/Minias_of_Florence
Minnie Pearl
http://wn.com/Minnie_Pearl
Nancy Cartwright
Nancy Campbell Cartwright (born October 25, 1957) is an American film and television actress, comedian and voice artist. She is best known for her long-running role as Bart Simpson on the animated television series The Simpsons. Cartwright voices other characters for the show, including Nelson Muntz, Ralph Wiggum, Todd Flanders, Kearney and Database.
http://wn.com/Nancy_Cartwright
Neil Fallon
Neil Fallon (born October 25, 1971 in Portsmouth, Virginia) is the lead singer and occasional rhythm guitarist, keyboardist and percussionist for the rock band Clutch, and lead singer for The Company Band. He also joined The Bakerton Group on guitar since their last album El Rojo.
http://wn.com/Neil_Fallon
Nell Shipman
Nell Shipman (October 25, 1892 – January 23, 1970) was a Canadian actress, screenwriter, producer, and animal trainer. She was a Canadian pioneer in early Hollywood.
http://wn.com/Nell_Shipman
Nick Hancock
Nick Hancock (born 25 October 1962, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire) is an English actor, comedian and television presenter.
http://wn.com/Nick_Hancock
Nika Futterman
Nika Futterman (born October 25, 1969; New York, United States) is an American voice-actress. She did the vocals, "give it to me baby" in The Offspring hit single, "Pretty Fly (For a White Guy)".
http://wn.com/Nika_Futterman
Nikos Nikolaidis
Nikos Nikolaidis () (October 25, 1939 – September 5, 2007) was a Greek film director and a writer.
http://wn.com/Nikos_Nikolaidis
Nils von Dardel
Nils Elias Christoffer von Dardel (sign: Nils Dardel) (October 25, 1888 – May 25, 1943), was a Swedish post-impressionist painter.
http://wn.com/Nils_von_Dardel
Oleg Salenko
Oleg Anatolyevich Salenko (; (; Oleh Anatoliyovich Salenko born 25 October 1969 in Leningrad) is a retired Russian and Ukrainian footballer, who played as a striker. He scored a record of five goals in a group stage match in the 1994 World Cup.
http://wn.com/Oleg_Salenko
Pablo Picasso
http://wn.com/Pablo_Picasso
Pascal Lissouba
Pascal Lissouba (born November 15, 1931) was the first democratically elected President of the Republic of the Congo from August 31, 1992 to October 15, 1997. He was overthrown by the current President Denis Sassou Nguesso in the 1997 civil war.
http://wn.com/Pascal_Lissouba
Paul Wellstone
http://wn.com/Paul_Wellstone
Payne Stewart
http://wn.com/Payne_Stewart
Pedro Martínez
http://wn.com/Pedro_Martínez
Perry Satullo
http://wn.com/Perry_Satullo
Peter Aerts
Peter "The Dutch Lumberjack" Aerts (born October 25, 1970) is a professional super heavyweight Dutch kickboxer and martial artist. He is a three time K-1 World Grand Prix and Muay Thai World Champion. Aerts is best known for his powerful strikes and high kicks.
http://wn.com/Peter_Aerts
Peter Ledger
Peter Ledger (October 25, 1945, Sydney, Australia - November 18, 1994, Oakhurst, California) was an Australian artist and illustrator. In addition to studying art, he worked with surveying teams in the Australian outback, hunted deer for the government in New Zealand, was a professional scuba diver, a leathermaker and a gourmet cook. He raced motorcycles, flew hot air balloons, was a body builder, and in later years became a private pilot.
http://wn.com/Peter_Ledger
Phil Daniels
Philip "Phil" Daniels (born 25 October 1958, Islington) is an English actor, most noted for film roles as "cockneys" such as Jimmy in Quadrophenia, Richards in Scum, Stewart in The Class of Miss MacMichael, Mark in Meantime, Kevin Wicks in EastEnders, and for his collaborations with Britpop band Blur.
http://wn.com/Phil_Daniels
Pope Boniface V
Boniface V (died October 25, 625) was pope from 619 to 625.
http://wn.com/Pope_Boniface_V
Pope Marcellinus
Pope Saint Marcellinus, according to the Liberian Catalogue, became bishop of Rome on June 30, 296; his predecessor was Pope St Caius
http://wn.com/Pope_Marcellinus
Raymond Queneau
http://wn.com/Raymond_Queneau
René Thom
http://wn.com/René_Thom
Renée of France
http://wn.com/Renée_of_France
Richard E. Byrd
http://wn.com/Richard_E_Byrd
Richard Harris
http://wn.com/Richard_Harris
Richard O'Kane
http://wn.com/Richard_O'Kane
Rob Hulse
Robert William "Rob" Hulse (born 25 October 1979) is an English footballer who plays for Queens Park Rangers as a striker.
http://wn.com/Rob_Hulse
Robert Ley
http://wn.com/Robert_Ley
Robert Scholl
http://wn.com/Robert_Scholl
Robert Strassburg
Robert Strassburg (August 30, 1915 - October 25, 2003) - was a
http://wn.com/Robert_Strassburg
Roberto Menescal
http://wn.com/Roberto_Menescal
Robin Eubanks
Robin Eubanks (b. October 25, 1955 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American jazz slide trombonist, the brother of guitarist Kevin Eubanks and trumpeter Duane Eubanks,
http://wn.com/Robin_Eubanks
Robin Spry
Robin Spry (1939-2005) was a Canadian filmmaker and television producer best known for his documentary Action: The October Crisis of 1970 about Quebec's October Crisis.
http://wn.com/Robin_Spry
Roger Désormière
http://wn.com/Roger_Désormière
Roger Miller
http://wn.com/Roger_Miller
Rosa Mendes
Milena Leticia Roucka (born October 25, 1979) is a Canadian professional wrestler and former model of Czech and Costa Rican descent. She is currently signed to World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) working as Rosa Mendes on the SmackDown brand.
http://wn.com/Rosa_Mendes
Rosie Ledet
Rosie Ledet (born October 25, 1971, Mary Roszela Bellard in Church Point, Louisiana, USA) is a Creole Zydeco accordion player and singer.
http://wn.com/Rosie_Ledet
Russell Anderson
Russell James Anderson (born 25 October 1978 in Aberdeen, Scotland) is a Scottish footballer who plays for Championship side Derby County as a cente back. He spent the majority of his career playing for Aberdeen in his native Scotland, whom he represented at international level, before moving to England and playing for Sunderland, Plymouth Argyle and Burnley.
http://wn.com/Russell_Anderson
Russell Schweickart
http://wn.com/Russell_Schweickart
Ryan Clement
Ryan Clement (born October 25, 1975 in Denver, Colorado) is an American football quarterback currently playing for the Colorado Ice of the Indoor Football League. He played college for the Miami Hurricanes.
http://wn.com/Ryan_Clement
Réjean Houle
http://wn.com/Réjean_Houle
Sahir Ludhianvi
http://wn.com/Sahir_Ludhianvi
Samir Geagea
http://wn.com/Samir_Geagea
Sara Helena Lumholdt
http://wn.com/Sara_Helena_Lumholdt
Scorpions (band)
Scorpions is a heavy metal/hard rock band from Hannover, Germany, known for their 1980s rock anthem "Rock You Like a Hurricane" and their singles "No One Like You", "Send Me an Angel", "Still Loving You", and "Wind of Change". The band was ranked #46 on VH1's Greatest Artists of Hard Rock program. "Rock You Like a Hurricane" is also #18 on VH1's list of the 100 Greatest Hard Rock Songs. On January 24, 2010, after 45 years of performing, the band announced that they will be retiring after touring in support of their new album Sting in the Tail. Scorpions have sold between 100 and 150 million albums worldwide.
http://wn.com/Scorpions_(band)
Seljuk Turks
http://wn.com/Seljuk_Turks
Shane Edwards
Shane Edwards is an Australian rules football player for the Richmond Football Club.
http://wn.com/Shane_Edwards
Simon Charlton
Simon Thomas Charlton (born 25 October 1971) is an English former footballer who made more than 500 appearances in the Football League and Premier League playing for Huddersfield Town, Southampton, Birmingham City, Bolton Wanderers, Norwich City and Oldham Athletic. He played most frequently as a left back, but could also play as a left-sided central defender or occasionally in midfield. Between April 2009 and June 2010 he managed Eastern Counties League club Mildenhall Town.
http://wn.com/Simon_Charlton
Sir Martin Gilbert
http://wn.com/Sir_Martin_Gilbert
Smoky Joe Wood
Howard Ellsworth "Smoky Joe" Wood (October 25, 1889 - July 27, 1985) was a Major League Baseball pitcher for the Boston Red Sox and an outfielder for the Cleveland Indians during the early part of the 20th century. He is one of only 13 pitchers who won 30 or more games in one season (34-5 in 1912) since 1900.
http://wn.com/Smoky_Joe_Wood
Stephen Decatur
http://wn.com/Stephen_Decatur
Taiwan
Taiwan, also known (especially in the past) as Formosa (from , "Beautiful Island"), is an island situated in East Asia in the Western Pacific Ocean and located off the southeastern coast of mainland China. It comprises most (99%) of the territory of the Republic of China (ROC) since the 1950s. The term "Taiwan" is also a common name to refer to the entire country of the Republic of China.
http://wn.com/Taiwan
Taylor Vixen
Taylor Vixen (born October 25, 1983 in Dallas, Texas) is an American pornographic actress. She debuted in the adult film industry in March 2009, and her appearance in Penthouse magazine's 40th anniversary edition in the same year launched her career into a more expansive market. She is the 2010 Penthouse Pet of the Year.
http://wn.com/Taylor_Vixen
Terence MacSwiney
http://wn.com/Terence_MacSwiney
Thaddeus McCarthy
: For the New Zealand judge, see Thaddeus McCarthy (jurist)
http://wn.com/Thaddeus_McCarthy
Tim McGarigle
Timothy J. McGarigle (born October 25, 1983 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American football linebacker for the Florida Tuskers of the United Football League. He was drafted by the St. Louis Rams in the seventh round of the 2006 NFL Draft. He played college football at Northwestern.
http://wn.com/Tim_McGarigle
Tony Torcato
Anthony Dale Torcato (born October 25, 1979 in Woodland, California) is a professional baseball player. At the young age of 14, Torcato was an amateur boxer, winning the 1994 California Golden Gloves boxing championship, and continued to box until the age of 16 before turning to baseball full time.
http://wn.com/Tony_Torcato
Veikko Hakulinen
MedalCountry|
http://wn.com/Veikko_Hakulinen
Vesna Parun
Vesna Parun (born in Zlarin, April 10, 1922) is a Croatian poet.
http://wn.com/Vesna_Parun
Vincent Price
Vincent Leonard Price II (May 27, 1911 – October 25, 1993) was an American actor, well known for his distinctive voice and serio-comic attitude in a series of horror films made in the latter part of his career.
http://wn.com/Vincent_Price
Viveca Lindfors
Elsa Viveca Torstensdotter Lindfors (December 29, 1920 – October 25, 1995), better known under her professional name of Viveca Lindfors, was a Swedish stage and film actress.
http://wn.com/Viveca_Lindfors
Vladimir Herzog
http://wn.com/Vladimir_Herzog
Warren Wiebe
http://wn.com/Warren_Wiebe
Wellington Mara
Wellington Timothy Mara (August 14, 1916–October 25, 2005) was the co-owner of the NFL's New York Giants from 1959 until his death, and one of the most influential and iconic figures in the history of the National Football League. He was the younger son of Tim Mara, who founded the Giants in 1925. Wellington was a ball boy for that year.
http://wn.com/Wellington_Mara
William Clito
'William Clito' (25 October 1102 – 28 July 1128) was the son of Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, by his marriage with Sibylla of Conversano. He had a claim on both Normandy and England, and became count of Flanders.
http://wn.com/William_Clito
William Elphinstone
http://wn.com/William_Elphinstone
William Higinbotham
William (Willy) A. Higinbotham (October 25, 1910 - November 10, 1994), an American physicist, is credited with creating one of the first computer games, Tennis for Two. Like Pong, it is a portrait of a game of tennis or ping-pong, but featured very different game mechanics that have no resemblance to the later game. As the Head of the Instrumentation Division at Brookhaven National Laboratory, he created it on an oscilloscope in 1958, to entertain visitors during visitor days at the national laboratory.
http://wn.com/William_Higinbotham
William Scroggs
Sir William Scroggs (c. 1623 – 25 October 1683), Lord Chief Justice of England, was the son of an Oxford landowner; the account of him being the son of a butcher of sufficient means to give his son a university education is in fact a scurrilous rumour.
http://wn.com/William_Scroggs
Yehonathan Gatro
http://wn.com/Yehonathan_Gatro
Zelmo Beaty
Zelmo "Big Z" Beaty (born October 25, 1939, in Hillister, Texas) is a former American basketball player.
http://wn.com/Zelmo_Beaty
Émile Augier
http://wn.com/Émile_Augier
Évariste Galois
http://wn.com/Évariste_Galois
Þorsteinn Bachmann
http://wn.com/Þorsteinn_Bachmann

October 25, 2010

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published: 27 Oct 2010

TNA iMPACT Wrestling - 10/25/12 - 25th October 2012 Part 1/6 (HQ) - BollyRuelz.Net

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published: 26 Oct 2012

China News - October 25, 2012: Nuclear Expansion, "Gangnam Style" Parody Blocked

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published: 26 Oct 2012

Hongey Judaa Na Hum - Episode 25 - 22th October 2012

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published: 23 Oct 2012

Club Penguin Field Ops - Mission 105 - October 25, 2012

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published: 26 Oct 2012

Somebody That I Used to Know - Walk off the Earth (Gotye - Cover)

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published: 06 Jan 2012

TV9 LADIES CLUB - TV9 LADIES CLUB - HI-TECH MODULAR KITCHENS

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published: 26 Oct 2010

Taylor Swift - Enchanted lyrics

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published: 12 Feb 2011

PEOPLE ARE AWESOME

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published: 25 Oct 2010

Taylor Swift in the Haunted Hallway!

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published: 22 Oct 2012

Does the Name Ring a Bell?

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published: 22 Oct 2012

Wham! - Last Christmas

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published: 25 Oct 2009

Angel - Wonderful

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published: 13 Jun 2012

Bade Acche Lagte Hai - Episode 87 - 25th October 2011

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published: 26 Oct 2011

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AP / Jon Super
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AP / Bill Ingalls
AP / Lee Jin-man
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AP / David Guttenfelder, File
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AP / Aijaz Rahi
Creative Commons / EddieBerman
US Army / Michael J. MacLeod
US Army / Sgt. Michael J. MacLeod
US Army / Michael J. MacLeod
AP / Daniel Tejador
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AP / Bikas Das
USAF / Fuentes-Contreras
USAF / Fuentes-Contreras
USAF / Fuentes-Contreras
AP / Aijaz Rahi)
AP / Aijaz Rahi
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AP / Aijaz Rahi

Photo: Creative Commons / Neogeolegend

Kim Jong-il Funeral ceremony .Kim Jong-il died of a suspected heart attack on 17 December 2011 at 08:30 while traveling by train to an area outside Pyongyang.

N. Korean Army General Executed with Mortar for Drinking

Novosti

25 Oct 2012

MOSCOW, October 25 (RIA Novosti) - A high-ranking North Korean Army official was reportedly executed with a mortar round for drinking liquor during the 100-day...

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Photo: AP / Collin Reid

Waves, brought by Hurricane Sandy, crash on a house in the Caribbean Terrace neighborhood in eastern Kingston, Jamaica, Wednesday, Oct. 24, 2012.

Hurricane Sandy growing stronger as it nears Cuba

Yahoo Daily News

25 Oct 2012

HAVANA (Reuters) - Hurricane Sandy, growing stronger over warm Caribbean waters, lashed eastern Cuba with heavy rains and rising winds on Wednesday as it bore down on the communist island after...

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Photo: White House / Pete Souza

File - President Barack Obama disembarks Air Force One upon arrival at Joplin Regional Airport in Joplin, Missouri, May 21, 2012.

Did Obama Just Play His Iran Card?

WorldNews.com

24 Oct 2012

Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling By the time President Richard Nixon told his Chinese hosts during a banquet toast, "Let us start a long march together, not in lockstep, but on different...

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Photo: AP / Ariel Schalit

Smoke trails of rocket fired by Palestinian militants from Gaza Strip towards Israel, Wednesday, Oct. 24, 2012.

Tensions rise over Gaza rocket attacks

Canberra Times

24 Oct 2012

Repeated attacks ... a rocket is launched from Gaza towards southern Israel. Photo: AFP JERUSALEM: The Israeli Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, threatened "more extensive and deeper action" against...

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Photo: AP / Khin Maung Win

Myanmar Buddhist monks march, protesting against plans to open office of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC), in Yangon, Myanmar, Monday, Oct. 15, 2012.

Muslims flee Myanmar as unrest continues

New Straits/Business Times

25 Oct 2012

YANGON: A new wave of sectarian violence in western Myanmar has left five people dead and dozens injured in recent days, triggering another exodus of Muslims to emergency camps, officials said...

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Timeline:
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2001

Former Plantation House Executive Chef Alex Stanislaw leaves to start food blog 27 Oct 2012

Business Journal Jenna Blakely General Assignment Reporter- Pacific Business News Email Mauiâs Plantation House Restaurant is looking to fill the shoes of Executive Chef Alex Stanislaw, who decided to leave after being with the restaurant since its 1991 opening. Sous Chef Mike Higashi said Plantation House is...(size: 12.0Kb)

'Renaissance man' Patrick O'Connor dead at 87 27 Oct 2012

Sun Sentinel Patrick O'Connor, who made a career of his passion for the arts, died Oct. 13 in Houston from complications of pneumonia. He was 87. The eldest of five, he was born Robert Patrick O'Connor in Braddock, Pa., in 1925. When he was 16 he joined the Army during World War II. When he was 60 he became a...(size: 2.9Kb)

U.S. Vets, YWCA of Oahu to open state's first transitional housing for female veterans 27 Oct 2012

The Business Review Pacific Business News Date: Friday, October 26, 2012, 4:04pm HST...(size: 8.1Kb)

Why you should care about California's Proposition 37 27 Oct 2012

Fox News Oct. 5, 2012: A product labeled with Non Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) is sold at the Lassens Natural Foods & Vitamins store in Los Feliz district of Los Angeles.AP Hundreds of voter initiatives appear on state ballots each year, and unless you happen to live in the locale affected by the...(size: 5.3Kb)

UCLA is No. 13 in AP basketball poll 27 Oct 2012

The Los Angeles Times UCLA's men's basketball team is No. 13 in the Associated Press preseason media poll released Friday, one spot behind Pac-12 Conference rival Arizona. The Bruins and Wildcats are the only Pac-12 teams in the top 25. Indiana is top ranked, having received 43 of the 85 first-place votes. Next is...(size: 35.5Kb)

Penn State trustees clear way for deals with Sandusky sex abuse victims 27 Oct 2012

Chicago Tribune STATE COLLEGE, Pennsylvania (Reuters) - Penn State University's Board of Trustees passed a resolution on Friday giving a special committee the authority to approve settlements on the school's behalf with victims of convicted child sex offender Jerry Sandusky. The resolution passed unanimously,...(size: 2.4Kb)

Saturday's matchup: Notre Dame at Oklahoma 27 Oct 2012

Chicago Tribune TV/radio: 7 p.m. Saturday; WLS-Ch. 7, WLS-AM 890. Line: Oklahoma by 12. Records: Notre Dame 7-0, Oklahoma 5-1. Last meeting: Notre Dame won 34-30 on Oct. 2, 1999, in South Bend, Ind. ON THE OFFENSIVE: Everett Golson starts at QB, but the matchup turns...(size: 1.7Kb)

Cranston East rallies from 25-point third quarter deficit, stuns Portsmouth, 51-47 27 Oct 2012

The Providence Journal Trailing 47-22 early in the third quarter,...(size: 0.3Kb)

Yankees manager Joe Girardi phoned press box to cover up pinch-hitting Raul Ibanez for Alex Rodriguez 27 Oct 2012

New York Daily News DETROIT — It might not have seemed like it, but Joe Girardi was concerned about Alex Rodriguez’s fragile ego during the Yankee slugger’s latest playoff flop. After deciding for the first time to pinch-hit for A-Rod in Game 3 against the Orioles, Joe Girardi called the press box to ask the PA...(size: 3.3Kb)

The Week’s Best Longreads: The Daily Beast Picks for October 27, 2012 27 Oct 2012

The Daily Beast by David Sessions Oct 27, 2012 4:45 AM...(size: 0.3Kb)

Recap: Chicago vs. Indiana - Wire NBA - The Sacramento Bee --> 0 comments | ... 27 Oct 2012

Sacramento Bee Nate Robinson scored a game-high 21 points and dished out eight assists to lead the Chicago Bulls to...(size: 0.7Kb)

The Death of a Palestinian Unity Deal? 27 Oct 2012

The Daily Beast Oct 27, 2012 4:45 AM EDT...(size: 0.2Kb)

Horses and Bayonets, Lena Dunham’s ‘First Time’ and More Viral Videos 27 Oct 2012

The Daily Beast Oct 27, 2012 4:45 AM EDT...(size: 0.2Kb)

timeline:
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001

October 25 in recent years

2011 (Tuesday)

2010 (Monday)

2009 (Sunday)

2008 (Saturday)

2007 (Thursday)

2006 (Wednesday)

2005 (Tuesday)

2004 (Monday)

2003 (Saturday)

2002 (Friday)

October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 67 days remaining until the end of the year.

1 Events
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 Holidays and observances
5 External links

Events [link]

473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II as Caesar of the Byzantine Empire.
1147 – The Portuguese, under Afonso I, and Crusaders from England and Flanders conquer Lisbon after a four-month siege.
1147 – Seljuk Turks completely annihilate German crusaders under Conrad III at the Battle of Dorylaeum.
1415 – The army of Henry V of England defeats the French at the Battle of Agincourt.
1616 – Dutch sea-captain Dirk Hartog makes second recorded landfall by a European on Australian soil, at the later-named Dirk Hartog Island off the West Australian coast.
1747 – British fleet under Admiral Sir Edward Hawke defeats the French at the second battle of Cape Finisterre.
1760 – George III becomes King of Great Britain.
1812 – War of 1812: The American frigate, USS United States, commanded by Stephen Decatur, captures the British frigate HMS Macedonian.
1828 – The St Katharine Docks opened in London.
1854 – The Battle of Balaklava during the Crimean War (Charge of the Light Brigade).
1861 – The Toronto Stock Exchange is created.
1900 – The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal.
1917 – Traditionally understood date of the October Revolution, involving the capture of the Winter Palace, Petrograd, Russia. The date refers to the Julian Calendar date, and corresponds with November 7 in the Gregorian calendar.
1920 – After 74 days on Hunger Strike in Brixton Prison, England, the Sinn Féin Lord Mayor of Cork, Terence MacSwiney died.
1924 – The forged Zinoviev Letter is published in the Daily Mail, wrecking the British Labour Party's hopes of re-election.
1938 – The Archbishop of Dubuque, Francis J. L. Beckman, denounces swing music as "a degenerated musical system... turned loose to gnaw away at the moral fiber of young people", warning that it leads down a "primrose path to hell".
1940 – Benjamin O. Davis, Sr. is named the first African American general in the United States Army.
1944 – Heinrich Himmler orders a crackdown on the Edelweiss Pirates, a loosely organized youth culture in Nazi Germany that had assisted army deserters and others to hide from the Third Reich.
1944 – The USS Tang under Richard O'Kane (the top American submarine captain of World War II) is sunk by the ship's own malfunctioning torpedo.
1944 – The Romanian Army liberates Carei, the last Romanian city under Axis Powers occupation.
1944 – Battle of Leyte Gulf, the largest naval battle in history, takes place in and around the Philippines between the Imperial Japanese Navy and the U.S. Third and U.S. Seventh Fleets.
1945 – The Republic of China takes over administration of Taiwan following Japan's surrender to the Allies.
1962 – Cuban missile crisis: Adlai Stevenson shows photos at the UN proving Soviet missiles are installed in Cuba.
1962 – Uganda joins the United Nations.
1962 – Nelson Mandela is sentenced to five years in prison.
1971 – The United Nations seated the People's Republic of China and expelled the Republic of China (see political status of Taiwan and China and the United Nations)
1977 – Digital Equipment Corporation releases OpenVMS V1.0.
1980 – Proceedings on the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction conclude at The Hague.
1983 – Operation Urgent Fury: The United States and its Caribbean allies invade Grenada, six days after Prime Minister Maurice Bishop and several of his supporters are executed in a coup d'état.
1991 – History of Slovenia: Three months after the end of the Ten-Day War, the last soldier of the Yugoslav People's Army leaves the territory of the Republic of Slovenia.
1995 – A commuter train slams into a school bus in Fox River Grove, Illinois, killing seven students.
1997 – After a brief civil war which has driven President Pascal Lissouba out of Brazzaville, Denis Sassou-Nguesso proclaims himself the President of the Republic of the Congo.
2004 – Fidel Castro, Cuba's President, announces that transactions using the American Dollar will be banned.
2009 – The 25 October 2009 Baghdad bombings kills 155 and wounds at least 721.
2010 – Mount Merapi in Central Java, Indonesia, begins over a month of eruptions.

Births [link]

1102 – William Clito, Count of Flanders (d. 1128)
1330 – Louis II of Flanders (d. 1384)
1510 – Renée of France, French princess (d. 1574)
1683 – Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton, British politician (d. 1757)
1709 – Georg Gebel (the younger), German musician and composer (d. 1753)
1759 – Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of Württemberg), Russian empress (d. 1828)
1759 – William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, British politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1834)
1767 – Benjamin Constant, Swiss writer (d. 1830)
1772 – Geraud Duroc, French general (d. 1813)
1782 – Levi Lincoln, Jr., 13th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1868)
1800 – Thomas Macaulay, British poet, historian, and politician (d. 1859)
1802 – Joseph Montferrand, Canadian logger and strong man (d. 1864)
1806 – Max Stirner, German philosopher (d. 1856)
1811 – Évariste Galois, French mathematician (d. 1832)
1825 – Johann Strauss II, Austrian composer (d. 1899)
1838 – Georges Bizet, French composer (d. 1875)
1856 – Dragutin Gorjanovic-Kramberger, Croatian paleontologist (d. 1936)
1864 – Alexander Gretchaninov, Russian composer (d. 1956)
1864 – John Francis Dodge, American automobile pioneer (d. 1920)
1867 – Józef Dowbór-Muśnicki, Polish general (d. 1937)
1868 – Dan Burke, Major League Baseball player (d. 1933)
1881 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish painter and sculptor (d. 1973)
1886 – Leo G. Carroll, English actor (d. 1972)
1888 – Richard E. Byrd, American explorer (d. 1957)
1888 – Nils von Dardel, Swedish painter (d. 1943)
1889 – Abel Gance, French film director (d. 1981)
1889 – Smoky Joe Wood, American baseball pitcher (d. 1985)
1891 – Father Coughlin, Roman Catholic priest and radio broadcaster (d. 1979)
1892 – Nell Shipman, Canadian actress, screenwriter, and film producer (d. 1970)
1894 – Âşık Veysel Şatıroğlu, Turkish minstrel (d. 1973)
1895 – Levi Eshkol, Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1969)
1902 – Henry Steele Commager, American historian (d. 1998)
1902 – Eddie Lang, American jazz guitarist (d. 1933)
1903 – Katharine Byron, U.S. Congresswoman (d. 1976)
1903 – Harry Shoulberg, American painter (d. 1995)
1908 – Edmond Pidoux, Swiss writer (d. 2004)
1910 – William Higinbotham, American physicist (d. 1994)
1912 – Minnie Pearl, American comedian and singer (d. 1996)
1913 – Klaus Barbie, Nazi war criminal (d. 1991)
1914 – John Berryman, American poet (d. 1972)
1915 – Ivan M. Niven, Canadian mathematician (d. 1999)
1917 – Lee MacPhail, American baseball manager and league executive
1918 – Chubby Jackson, American jazz double-bassist and band leader (d. 2003)
1921 – King Michael I of Romania
1923 – Jean Duceppe, Quebec actor (d. 1990)
1923 – Bobby Thomson, Scotland born American baseball player (d. 2010)
1924 – Billy Barty, American actor (d. 2000)
1924 – Earl Palmer, American rock & roll and rhythm and blues drummer (d. 2008)
1924 – Henry Sy, Chinese-Filipino businessman
1925 – Clancy Lyall, American soldier (d. 2012)
1926 – Ismail Gulgee, Pakistani painter
1926 – Jimmy Heath, American jazz saxophonist, composer and arranger
1926 – Galina Vishnevskaya, Russian soprano
1927 – Barbara Cook, American singer and actress
1927 – Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, former President of Uruguay
1927 – Lawrence Kohlberg, American psychologist (d. 1987)
1928 – Marion Ross, American actress
1928 – Anthony Franciosa, American actor (d. 2006)
1931 – Jimmy McIlroy, Irish footballer and football manager
1931 – Annie Girardot, French actress (d. 2011)
1932 – Harry Gregg, Irish footballer and football manager
1933 – Eugene "Porky" Lee, American child actor (d. 2005)
1935 – Sam Taylor, American jump blues musician and songwriter (d. 2009)
1935 – Russell Schweickart, astronaut
1936 – Sir Martin Gilbert, British historian
1936 – Masako Nozawa, Japanese actress
1937 – Roberto Menescal, Brazilian jazz guitarist important to founding of bossa nova
1939 – Zelmo Beaty, American basketball player
1939 – Fred Marcellino, American illustrator (d. 2001)
1939 – Nikos Nikolaidis, Greek film director and a writer (d. 2007)
1939 – Robin Spry, Canadian filmmaker and producer (d. 2005)
1940 – Bobby Knight, American basketball coach
1941 – Helen Reddy, Australian singer
1941 – Anne Tyler, American novelist
1944 – Jon Anderson, English singer (Yes)
1944 – James Carville, American political strategist and commentator
1944 – Kati Kovács, Hungarian singer
1945 – Peter Ledger, Australian artist (d. 1994)
1947 – Glenn Tipton, English guitarist (Judas Priest)
1947 – Coco Robicheaux, American blues musician
1948 – Dave Cowens, American basketball player and coach
1948 – Daniel Mark Epstein, American poet and biographer
1948 – Dan Gable, American wrestler and coach
1948 – Dan Issel, American basketball player
1949 – Réjean Houle, Canadian ice hockey player
1949 – Walter Hyatt, American singer and songwriter, leader of Uncle Walt's Band
1949 – Hans-Georg Kraus, German footballer
1950 – Chris Norman, English singer
1951 – Richard Lloyd, American guitarist (Television)
1952 – Samir Geagea, Lebanese Politician
1952 – Ioannis Kyrastas, Greek footballer and manager (d. 2004)
1952 – Mollie O'Brien, American singer, sister of Tim O'Brien
1954 – Mike Eruzione, American hockey player
1954 – David Worrall, Australian composer and polymedia artist
1955 – Glynis Barber, English actress
1955 – Danny Darwin, American baseball player
1955 – Robin Eubanks, American jazz trombonist
1955 – Matthias Jabs, German guitarist (Scorpions)
1957 – Nancy Cartwright, American voice actress
1958 – Phil Daniels, English actor
1958 – Kornelia Ender, East German swimmer
1960 – Christina Amphlett, lead vocalist for The Divinyls
1961 – Ward Burton, American auto racer
1961 – Chad Smith, American drummer (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
1961 – Janice Tanton, Canadian artist
1961 – Willie Walsh, Irish businessman
1962 – Nick Hancock, British television presenter
1962 – Darlene Vogel, American actress
1963 – Tracy Nelson, American actress
1964 – Michael Boatman, American actor
1964 – Nicole, German singer
1964 – Kevin Michael Richardson, American voice actor
1965 – Þorsteinn Bachmann, Icelandic actor
1965 – 2 Cold Scorpio, American professional wrestler
1966 – Wendel Clark, Canadian ice hockey player
1966 – Perry Satullo, American professional wrestler
1969 – Josef Beranek, Czech ice hockey player
1969 – Nika Futterman, American voice actress
1969 – Oleg Salenko, Russian footballer
1970 – J.A. Adande, American sports columnist
1970 – Peter Aerts, Dutch kickboxer and martial artist
1970 – Adam Goldberg, American actor
1970 – Adam Pascal, American actor
1970 – Ed Robertson, Canadian musician (Barenaked Ladies)
1970 – Daniel Scheinhardt, German footballer
1970 – Chely Wright, American country music artist
1971 – Simon Charlton, English footballer
1971 – Athena Chu, Hong Kong actress and singer
1971 – Neil Fallon, Lead singer of Clutch (band)
1971 – Midori Goto, Japanese violinist
1971 – Rosie Ledet, Creole Zydeco accordion player and singer
1971 – Pedro Martínez, Dominican baseball player
1972 – Jonathan Torrens, Canadian actor
1973 – Lamont Bentley, American actor (d. 2005)
1974 – Lee Byung-Kyu, South Korean baseball player
1974 – Goya Jaekel, German footballer
1975 – Ryan Clement, former XFL quarterback
1975 – Eirik Glambek Bøe, Norwegian musician
1976 – Brett Kirk, Australian Rules footballer
1976 – Steve Jones, Irish footballer
1977 – Yehonathan Gatro, Israeli singer and actor
1977 – Birgit Prinz, German footballer
1978 – Russell Anderson, Scottish footballer
1978 – Markus Pöyhönen, Finnish athlete
1979 – Rob Hulse, English footballer
1979 – Bat for Lashes, British singer
1979 – Milena Roucka, Canadian professional wrestler
1979 – Sarah Thompson, American actress
1979 – Tony Torcato, American baseball player
1979 – Eddie Argos, British songwriter & musician
1980 – Mehcad Brooks, American actor and former model
1981 – Josh Henderson, American actor and singer
1981 – Jerome Isaac Jones, American singer
1981 – Austin Winkler, American lead vocalist (Hinder)
1981 – Jon Wood, American NASCAR driver
1981 – Shaun Wright-Phillips, English footballer
1982 – Jerome Carter, American football player
1982 – Eman Lam, Hong Kong singer
1983 – Han Yeo-reum, South Korean actress
1983 – Taylor Vixen, American pornographic actress
1983 – Tim McGarigle, American football player
1983 – Gyptian, Jamaican reggae singer
1984 – Sara Helena Lumholdt, Swedish musician (A-Teens)
1984 – Katy Perry, American singer
1985 – Ciara, American singer
1985 – Kara Lynn Joyce, American swimmer and Olympian
1986 – DJ Webstar, American disc jockey
1986 – Eddie Gaven, American soccer player
1987 – Darron Gibson, Irish football player
1987 – Fabian Hambüchen, German gymnast and Olympic medallist
1988 – Shane Edwards, Australian Rules footballer
1989 – Ivan Marconi, Italian footballer
1993 – Kelley Missal, American actress
2001 – Princess Elisabeth of Belgium
2006 – Krista and Tatiana Hogan, Canadian craniopagus conjoined twins

Deaths [link]

304 – Pope Marcellinus
625 – Pope Boniface V
1047 – King Magnus I of Norway (b. 1024)
1154 – King Stephen of England (b. 1096)
1200 – Conrad of Wittelsbach, German Archbishop
1230 – Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford, English soldier (b. 1180)
1400 – Geoffrey Chaucer, English poet
1415 – Killed in the Battle of Agincourt:
- Charles d'Albret, Count of Dreux and Constable of France
- John I of Alençon (b. 1385)
- Antoine, Duke of Brabant (b. 1384)
- Frederick of Lorraine (b. 1371)
- Philip II, Count of Nevers (b. 1389)
- Michael de la Pole, 3rd Earl of Suffolk (b. 1394)
- Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York (b. 1373)
1478 – Katarina Kosača, queen consort of Bosnia
1492 – Thaddeus McCarthy, Irish Catholic bishop
1495 – King John II of Portugal (b. 1455)
1514 – William Elphinstone, Scottish bishop and statesman (b. 1431)
1555 – Olympia Fulvia Morata, Italian classical scholar (b. 1526)
1557 – William Cavendish, English politician (b. 1505)
1633 – Jean Titelouze, French organist
1647 – Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist and mathematician (b. 1608)
1683 – William Scroggs, Lord Chief Justice of England
1733 – Giovanni Gerolamo Saccheri, Italian mathematician (b. 1667)
1757 – Antoine Augustine Calmet, French theologian (b. 1672)
1760 – George II of Great Britain (b. 1683)
1773 – Johann Georg Estor, German jurist (b. 1699)
1806 – Henry Knox, American general and politician (b. 1750)
1826 – Philippe Pinel, French psychiatrist (b. 1745)
1833 – Abbas Mirza of Persia (b. 1789)
1852 – John C. Clark, American politician (b. 1793)
1889 – Émile Augier, French dramatist (b. 1820)
1895 – Charles Hallé, German pianist and conductor (b. 1819)
1905 – Dimosthenis Dogkas, Greek politician (unknown)
1910 – Willie Anderson, Scottish-born golfer (b. 1878)
1920 – King Alexander I of Greece (b. 1893)
1920 – Terence MacSwiney, Irish playwright and activist (b. 1879)
1921 – Bat Masterson, American journalist and lawman (b. 1853)
1936 – Antonios Miaoulis, Greek politician and revolutionary leader during the Greek War of Independence (b. 1800)
1938 – Alfonsina Storni, Argentine poet (b. 1892)
1945 – Robert Ley, German Nazi leader (b. 1890)
1953 – Holger Pedersen, Danish linguist (b. 1867)
1955 – Sadako Sasaki, Japanese atomic bomb victim (b. 1943)
1957 – Albert Anastasia, Italian-born American organized crime figure (b. 1902)
1957 – Edward Plunkett, 18th Baron of Dunsany, Irish writer (b. 1878)
1960 – Harry Ferguson, Irish farm equipment manufacturer (b. 1884)
1963 – Roger Désormière, French conductor (b. 1898)
1963 – Karl Terzaghi, Austrian-American engineer (b. 1883)
1965 – Eduard Einstein, son of Albert Einstein (b. 1910)
1973 – Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian athlete (b. 1932)
1973 – Cleo Moore, American actress (b. 1928)
1973 – Robert Scholl, German politician, father of Hans and Sophie Scholl (b. 1891)
1975 – Vladimir Herzog, Brazilian journalist and activist (b. 1937)
1976 – Raymond Queneau, French poet and novelist (b. 1903)
1979 – Field Marshal Sir Gerald Templer, British military administrator (b. 1898)
1980 – Virgil Fox, American organist (b. 1912)
1980 – Sahir Ludhianvi, Indian poet and lyricist (b. 1921)
1985 – Gary Holton, English actor (b. 1952)
1986 – Forrest Tucker, American actor (b. 1919)
1991 – Bill Graham, American rock promoter (b. 1931)
1992 – Roger Miller, American musician and composer (b. 1936)
1993 – Danny Chan, Hong Kong singer/songwriter (b. 1958)
1993 – Vincent Price, American actor (b. 1911)
1994 – Kara Spears Hultgreen, American naval pilot (b. 1965)
1994 – Mildred Natwick, American actress (b. 1905)
1995 – Bobby Riggs, American tennis player (b. 1918)
1995 – Viveca Lindfors, Swedish-born actress (b. 1920)
1998 – Warren Wiebe, American singer (b. 1953)
1999 – Payne Stewart, American golfer (b. 1957)
2002 – Richard Harris, Irish actor (b. 1930)
2002 – Paul Wellstone, American politician (b. 1944)
2002 – René Thom, French mathematician (b. 1923)
2003 – Pandurang Shastri Athavale, Indian philosopher and spiritual figure (b. 1920)
2003 – Veikko Hakulinen, Finnish cross-country skier (b. 1925)
2003 – Robert Strassburg, American composer (b. 1915)
2004 – John Peel, British disc jockey (b. 1939)
2005 – Wellington Mara, American football team owner (b. 1916)
2006 – Danny Rolling, American convicted murderer (b. 1954)
2007 – Martín Caballero, Colombian guerrilla leader
2008 – Anne Pressly, American news anchor (b. 1982)
2010 – Gregory Isaacs, Jamaican musician (b. 1951)
2010 – Vesna Parun, Croatian poet (b. 1922)
2010 – Lisa Blount, American actress and producer (b. 1957)

Holidays and observances [link]

Armed Forces Day (Romania)
Christian Feast Day:
Constitution Day (Lithuania)
Day of the Basque Country (Basque Country)
Earliest day on which Nevada Day can fall, while October 31 is the latest; celebrated on last Friday in October. (Nevada)
Republic Day (Kazakhstan)
Retrocession Day (Taiwan)
Thanksgiving Day (Grenada)

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: October 25

v t e Months and days of the year

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Related dates	January 0 February 30 February 31 March 0

http://wn.com/October_25

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_25

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

This article is about the musician. For her self-titled debut album, see Taylor Swift (album).

Taylor Swift
Swift performing during the Australian leg of her Speak Now Tour in 2012
Background information
Birth name	Taylor Alison Swift
Born	(1989-12-13) December 13, 1989 (age 22) Reading, Pennsylvania, United States
Genres	Country-pop, pop, country, alternative rock
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, actress
Instruments	Vocals, guitar, banjo, ukulele, piano
Years active	2006–present
Labels	Big Machine
Website	TaylorSwift.com

Taylor Alison Swift (born December 13, 1989) is an American singer-songwriter and occasional actress. Raised in Wyomissing, Pennsylvania, Swift moved to Nashville, Tennessee at the age of fourteen to pursue a career in country music. She signed to the independent label Big Machine Records and became the youngest songwriter ever hired by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house. The release of Swift's self-titled debut album in 2006 established her as a country music star. "Our Song", her third single, made her the youngest sole writer and singer of a number one song on the country chart. She received a Best New Artist nomination at the 50th Grammy Awards.

Swift's second album, Fearless, was released in late 2008. Buoyed by the chart success of the singles "Love Story" and "You Belong with Me", Fearless attracted a crossover audience and became the top-selling album of 2009. The record won four Grammy Awards, with Swift becoming the youngest ever Album of the Year winner. Fearless also received Album of the Year plaudits at the American Music Awards, Academy of Country Music Awards and Country Music Association Awards, making it the most awarded album in country music history. In 2010, Swift released her third album, Speak Now, which sold over one million copies in its first week. She then embarked on the 111-date Speak Now World Tour, which was attended by over 1.6 million fans and has become one of the highest-grossing concert tours of all time. The album's third single, "Mean", won two Grammy Awards for Best Country Song and Best Country Solo Performance. Swift is currently recording her fourth studio album, due for release in the fall of 2012.

Swift's work has earned her numerous accolades, including six Grammy Awards, ten AMAs, seven CMAs, six ACMs and 13 BMI Awards. She has sold over 22 million albums and 50 million song downloads worldwide, making her one of the best-selling music artists of all time. Swift has endorsement deals with Target, CoverGirl, Sony, Elizabeth Arden, Walmart and American Greetings. As a philanthropist, Swift has placed particular emphasis on arts education, children's literacy and natural disaster relief funds. In addition to her music career, Swift has appeared as an actress in the crime drama CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (2009), the romantic comedy Valentine's Day (2010) and the animated film The Lorax (2012).

Early life [link]

Taylor Alison Swift was born on December 13, 1989 in Reading, Pennsylvania.^[1] She is the daughter of Scott Swift, a Merrill Lynch financial adviser,^[2]^[3] and Andrea (née Gardner), a homemaker who previously worked as a mutual fund marketing executive.^[1]^[4] Swift was named after singer James Taylor; her mother believed a gender-neutral name would help her forge a successful business career.^[5]^[6] She has a younger brother, Austin, who attends Vanderbilt University.^[7] She spent the early years of her life on an eleven-acre Christmas tree farm in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania and was educated at the fee-paying Wyndcroft School.^[8] When Swift was nine years old, the family moved to Wyomissing, Pennsylvania,^[9]^[10] where she attended Wyomissing Area Junior/Senior High School.^[11] Swift spent her summers at her parent's vacation home in Stone Harbor, New Jersey^[12] and has described it as the place "where most of my childhood memories were formed".^[10]

Swift's first hobby was English horse riding. Her mother Andrea put her in a saddle when Swift was nine months old and she later competed in horse shows.^[13]^[14] Her family owned several Quarter horses and a Shetland pony.^[14] At the age of nine, Swift turned her attention to musical theatre and performed in Berks Youth Theatre Academy productions of Grease, Annie, Bye Bye Birdie and The Sound of Music.^[15]^[8] She travelled regularly to Broadway, New York for vocal and acting lessons. However, "after a few years of auditioning in New York and not getting anything”, Swift became interested in country music.^[16] She was inspired by LeAnn Rimes's Blue^[17] and her maternal grandmother, Marjorie Finlay, an opera singer.^[8] When she was in fourth grade, Swift won a national poetry contest with a three-page poem, "Monster in My Closet".^[18] At the age of eleven, after many attempts,^[19] Swift won a local talent competition by singing a rendition of LeAnn Rimes’s “Big Deal”, and was given the opportunity to appear as the opening act for Charlie Daniels at a Strausstown amphitheater.^[15] She spent her weekends performing at local festivals, fairs, coffeehouses, karaoke contests, garden clubs and Boy Scout meetings.^[20]^[4] This interest in country music isolated Swift from her middle school peers.^[21]^[22]

After watching a Behind the Music episode about Faith Hill,^[23] Swift recorded a demo of karaoke covers, and travelled with her mother to Nashville, Tennessee for spring break to leave a copy of the demo with record labels along Music Row. She received label rejections and realized that "everyone in that town wanted to do what I wanted to do. So, I kept thinking to myself, I need to figure out a way to be different".^[23] Swift began performing the "The Star Spangled Banner" at many sporting events, hoping she would be offered a recording contract. On one occasion, an eleven-year-old Swift high-fived Jay-Z after singing the national anthem at a 76ers game in Philadelphia.^[24] At the age of twelve, Swift was shown by a computer repairman how to play three chords on a guitar, inspiring her to write her first song, "Lucky You".^[25]^[26] She then recorded a second demo of original songs.^[15] In 2003, Swift and her parents began working with music manager Dan Dymtrow, after he spotted her singing at the US Open.^[27] Swift's second demo then caught the attention of RCA Records, who offered the eight-grader an artist development deal. In 2004, Swift modelled for Abercrombie and Fitch as part of their "Rising Stars" campaign and had an original song included in a Maybelline Cosmetics compilation CD.^[28]

When Swift was fourteen, her father transferred to the Nashville office of Merrill Lynch and the family relocated to a lake-shore house in Hendersonville, Tennessee.^[1] Swift has said her parents "presented it as a move to a nice community" rather than as her chance to become a star.^[29] Her mother has said, "We've always told her that this is not about putting food on our table or making our dreams come true."^[30] In Tennessee, Swift attended Hendersonville High School for her freshman and sophomore years.^[31] Later, to accommodate her touring schedule, Swift transferred to the Aaron Academy, a private Christian school which offered homeschooling services, and earned her high school diploma in 2008.^[32]

Music career [link]

[edit] 2004–08: Nashville songwriting sessions and Taylor Swift release

Swift moved to Nashville at the age of fourteen, having secured an artist development deal with RCA Records. Her musical influences included the Dixie Chicks, Shania Twain, LeAnn Rimes, Faith Hill,^[29] Tom Petty,^[33] Sheryl Crow,^[34] Melissa Etheridge, Pat Benatar,^[35] Reba McEntire, Garth Brooks,^[36] Patsy Cline, Loretta Lynn and Tammy Wynette.^[37] Swift had writing sessions with experienced songwriters such as Troy Verges, Brett Beavers, Brett James, Mac McAnally and the Warren Brothers,^[38]^[39] but eventually formed a lasting working relationship with Liz Rose.^[40] Swift saw Rose performing at an RCA songwriter event and suggested that they write together.^[41] They began meeting for two-hour writing sessions every Tuesday afternoon after school.^[42] Rose has said that the sessions were "some of the easiest I've ever done. Basically, I was just her editor. She'd write about what happened in school that day. She had such a clear vision of what she was trying to say. And she'd come in with the most incredible hooks".^[43]^[42] Swift also began recording demos with producer Nathan Chapman.^[41] After performing at a BMI Songwriter's Circle showcase at The Bitter End, New York,^[39] Swift became the youngest songwriter ever hired by the Sony/ATV Tree publishing house.^[44]

Swift performing at the Maverick Saloon & Grill in Santa Maria, California in 2006

Swift left RCA Records when she was fifteeen; the company wanted her to record the work of other songwriters and wait until she was eighteen to release an album, but she felt ready to launch her career with her own material.^[45]^[19] She also parted ways with manager Dan Dymtrow, who later took legal action against Swift and her parents.^[28] At an industry showcase at Nashville's The Bluebird Café in 2005, Swift caught the attention of Scott Borchetta, a Dreamworks Records executive who was preparing to form his own independent record label, Big Machine Records.^[40] Swift was one of the new label's first signings.^[40] As an introduction to the country music business, Borchetta arranged for Swift to intern at the CMA Music Festival; she acted as the artist escort for Darryl Worley.^[46]^[47]

Swift began working on her self-titled debut album shortly after signing her record deal. After experimenting with veteran Nashville producers, Swift persuaded Big Machine to hire her demo producer Nathan Chapman.^[19] It was his first time to record a studio album but Swift felt they had the right "chemistry".^[19] In the end, Chapman produced all but one of the tracks on Taylor Swift.^[19] She has described the album as the "diary" of her early teens^[48] and most songs were written during her freshman year of high school.^[19] As a result, the songs describe coming of age experiences such as insecurity, young love, and teenage angst.^[19] She has said that, although "it sounds like I've had 500 boyfriends", a lot of the songs are observational.^[19] Swift wrote three of the album's songs alone, including two singles, and co-wrote the remaining eight with writers such as Liz Rose, Robert Ellis Orrall and Angelo Petraglia.^[49] Musically, the album has been described as "a mix of trad-country instruments and spry rock guitars".^[50]

Taylor Swift was released in October 2006 and received generally positive reviews from music critics.^[51] PopMatters hoped Swift would be "able to find an accomodation between the country tradition and her very obvious pop sensibilities, because Taylor Swift suggests she has much to offer".^[52] The New Yorker's Sasha Frere-Jones described Swift as a "prodigy". She noted that "Our Song" "stop[ed] me in my tracks" and praised the lyrics: “He’s got a one-hand feel on the steering wheel, the other on my heart".^[53] Country Weekly felt Swift demonstrated "an honesty, intelligence and idealism with which listeners of any age will be able to connect" and noted that "the more thoughtful material suggests a talent poised to last well past high school".^[54] AllMusic stated that, while listening to the album, it was "never in doubt" that "Swift is a talent to be reckoned with".^[55] Rolling Stone described Swift as "bright-eyed but remarkably seasoned", and admired "Our Song"'s "insanely hooky sing-song melody that's as Britney as it is Patsy".^[50]

Swift performing at Yahoo HQ in Sunnyvale, California in 2007

Big Machine Records was still in its infancy upon the release of the lead single "Tim McGraw" in June 2006, and Swift and her mother helped "stuff the CD singles into envelopes to send to radio".^[30] She spent much of 2006 promoting Taylor Swift in a radio tour and later commented, "Radio tours for most artists last six weeks. Mine lasted six months."^[19] Swift painted canvases (inspired by Jackson Pollock) to gift to radio station managers who played her music.^[56] She took part in "GAC Short Cuts", a part-documentary, part-music-video series designed to introduce her to country music fans.^[57]^[58] She also made television appearances on Good Morning America,^[59] The Megan Mullally Show,^[59] America's Got Talent,^[60] and TRL.^[61] Swift, a self-described "kid of the internet",^[62] used MySpace to build a fanbase. She wrote her own blog posts, left comments on her fans' accounts and personally respond to the messages that were sent to her.^[63] This was, at the time, "revolutionary in country music".^[64]^[57] Borchetta has said that his decision to sign a sixteen year old singer-songwriter initially raised eyebrows among his record industry peers^[57] but Swift tapped into a previously unknown market: teenage girls who listen to country music.^[1]^[57]

Following "Tim McGraw", four further singles were released throughout 2007 and 2008: "Teardrops on My Guitar", "Our Song", "Picture to Burn" and "Should've Said No". All were highly successful on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart, with "Our Song" and "Should've Said No" both reaching number one. "Our Song" made Swift the youngest sole writer and singer of a number one country song.^[65] "Teardrops on My Guitar" became a minor pop hit; it reached number thirteen on the Billboard Hot 100.^[66]^[67] The album sold 39,000 copies during its first week^[68] and, as of March 2011, has sold over 5.5 million copies worldwide.^[69] Swift also released a holiday album, Sounds of the Season: The Taylor Swift Holiday Collection, in October 2007 and an EP, Beautiful Eyes, in July 2008.^[70]^[71]

Swift toured extensively in support of Taylor Swift. In addition to festival and theater dates, Swift performed as an opening act for several country artists' concert tours. She opened for Rascal Flatts on several dates in late 2006.^[59]^[72] In 2007, she served as the opening act on twenty dates for George Strait's 2007 United States tour,^[73] several dates on Kenny Chesney's tour^[74] and selected dates on Brad Paisley's Bonfires & Amplifiers Tour.^[75]^[76] Also in 2007, Swift appeared as the opening act on several dates for Tim McGraw and Faith Hill's joint Soul2Soul II Tour.^[77] Swift again opened for Flatts for their Still Feels Good Tour in 2008.^[78] In addition to performing her own material, Swift played covers of songs by Beyoncé and Rihanna.^[79] She conducted meet-and-greet sessions with fans before and after her concerts; these lasted for up to four hours.^[80]^[81]

In 2007, Swift and Alan Jackson were jointly named the Nashville Songwriters Association's "Songwriter/Artists of the Year". Swift was the youngest person ever to be honored with the title.^[82] She also won the Country Music Association’s Horizon Award for Best New Artist.^[83] In 2008, she won Top New Female Vocalist at the Academy of Country Music Awards^[84] and Favorite Country Female Artist at the American Music Awards.^[85] She won seven BMI Awards for songs featured on Taylor Swift.^[86] Swift was also nominated for a 2008 Grammy Award in the category of Best New Artist, but lost to Amy Winehouse.^[87]

[edit] 2008–10: Fearless release, MTV VMA incident and media backlash

Swift's second studio album, Fearless, was released in November 2008.^[88] She wrote seven of the album's songs alone, including two singles, and co-wrote the remaining six with songwriters Liz Rose, John Rich, Colbie Caillat and Hillary Lindsey.^[49] While Swift wrote many of the songs on tour, she made a conscious effort not to include "road songs": "As a 16-year-old girl, I could never relate to those songs about playing a different city every night. I want to write about feelings and love and the lack of love".^[89] She has said that the album title "means you’re afraid of a lot of things, but you jump anyway".^[90] She co-produced the album with Nathan Chapman.^[49] Musically, the record is characterized by "loud, lean guitars and rousing choruses", with the occasional "bit of fiddle and banjo tucked into the mix".^[91]

Swift performing at the 2010 Cavendish Beach Music Festival in Canada

Fearless received generally positive reviews from music critics.^[92] The New York Times described Swift as "one of pop's finest songwriters, country’s foremost pragmatist and more in touch with her inner life than most adults".^[93] The Village Voice felt she displayed "preternatural wisdom and inclusiveness", "masterfully avoiding the typical diarist's pitfalls of trite banality and pseudo-profound bullshit".^[94] Rolling Stone described her as "a songwriting savant with an intuitive gift for verse-chorus-bridge architecture" whose "squirmingly intimate and true" songs seemed to be "literally ripped from a suburban girl's diary".^[95] USA Today found it "a pleasure to hear a gifted teenager who sounds like a gifted teenager, rather than a mouthpiece for a bunch of older pros' collective notion of adolescent yearning."^[96] The New Yorker described it as an album "without a bad track", adding that "the album’s finest effort, "Fifteen", will feature in yearbook quotes for years".^[97] Entertainment Weekly noted that the album would appeal mainly to young girls – "she sounds like a real teen, not some manufactured vixen-Lolita" – but predicted it would be "exciting to watch her precocious talent grow".^[98] Music critic Robert Christgau described Swift as "an uncommonly-to-impossibly strong and gifted teenage girl".^[99]

Swift promoted Fearless heavily upon its release. An episode of The Ellen DeGeneres Show was dedicated to the album launch^[57] and Swift appeared on many other chat shows.^[100] She communicated with fans using social media platforms such as twitter and personal video blogs.^[57] In October 2008, she appeared at the CMT Giants: Alan Jackson event, performing a cover of Jackson's "Drive (For Daddy Gene)".^[101] In November 2008, Swift took part in a joint, televised concert with rock band Def Leppard in Nashville.^[102]^[103] She performed her song "Fifteen" with Miley Cyrus at the 51st Grammy Awards in February 2009.^[104] In April 2009, she performed a cover of George Strait's "Run" at a televised ACM event honoring Strait as Artist of the Decade.^[105] Swift hosted and appeared as the musical guest on Saturday Night Live in November 2009.^[106] The lead single from the album, "Love Story", was released in September 2008 and became the second best-selling country single of all time, peaking at number four on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.^[67]^[107] Four more singles were released throughout 2008 and 2009: "White Horse", "You Belong with Me", "Fifteen" and "Fearless". "You Belong with Me" was the album's highest-charting single, peaking at number two on the Billboard Hot 100.^[108] The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 Album Chart with sales of 592,304 and has since sold over 8.6 million copies worldwide.^[109]^[110] It was the top-selling album of 2009 and brought Swift much crossover success.^[111]

Swift carried out her first headlining tour from April 2009 to June 2010. As part of the 105-date Fearless Tour, Swift played 90 dates in North America, six dates in Europe, eight dates in Australia and one date in Asia.^[112] The stage show included multiple costume changes, dancers and a fairy-tale castle set.^[113] She sang a cover of Justin Timberlake's "What Goes Around... Comes Around" nightly, intertwined with her own "You're Not Sorry".^[114] Swift invited John Mayer, Faith Hill and Katy Perry to perform one-off duets with her at various dates during the North American tour.^[115]^[116]^[117] Justin Bieber, Kelly Pickler and Gloriana were the support acts.^[118] The tour was attended by more than 1.1 million fans and has grossed over $63 million.^[119] Taylor Swift: Journey to Fearless, a concert film, was aired on television and later released on DVD and Blu-ray.^[120] Also in 2009, Swift performed as a supporting act for Keith Urban.^[121]

File:Kanye-West-grabs-the-mic-2009-vma.jpg

Kanye West taking the microphone from Swift at the MTV Video Music Awards in 2009

In September 2009, Swift became the first country music artist to win an MTV Video Music Award when "You Belong with Me" was named Best Female Video.^[122] Her acceptance speech was interrupted by rapper Kanye West, who had been involved in a number of other award show incidents.^[123] West declared Beyoncé's video for "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)", nominated in the same category, to be "one of the best videos of all time." Many audience members booed West,^[124]^[125] prompting him to flip off the crowd.^[126]^[124] He then handed the microphone back to a speechless Swift.^[124]^[127] Backstage, Swift was seen "hysterically crying".^[124] According to Rolling Stone, when Swift's mother confronted West, he gave "a half-hearted apology in which he added he still thought Beyoncé's video was superior".^[128] West was removed from the event.^[124]^[126]^[129] When Beyoncé later won the award for Video of the Year, she invited Swift onstage to finish her speech.^[124]^[130] In the event's press room, Swift, who in 2008 had expressed a desire to sing a hook on a Kanye West rap song,^[131] was asked if she had "any hard feelings" towards West: "I don’t know him, and I’ve never met him, so... I don’t want to start anything because I had a great night tonight."^[128]^[132]

The incident received much media attention and inspired many Internet memes.^[133] President Barack Obama, in an "off the record" comment, called West a "jackass".^[134] Former US President Jimmy Carter said West's interruption was "completely uncalled for".^[135] West's behavior was criticized by celebrities, including Eminem, Snoop Dogg and Lady Gaga.^[126]^[136]^[137]^[128] The following day, West apologized for his verbal outburst both in a blog entry and during an appearance on The Jay Leno Show.^[124]^[125] He maintained that, while Swift was "very talented", "Beyoncé's video was the best of this decade!!!! ... I gave my awards to Outkast when they deserved it over me ... I'm not crazy y'all, I'm just real."^[138] Two days after the VMAs, Swift told an interviewer that West had not spoken to her since the ceremony.^[139] West then contacted her to offer a personal apology, which Swift accepted: "Kanye did call me, and he was very sincere in his apology."^[122]^[139] It has been said that the incident and subsequent media attention turned Swift into "a bona-fide mainstream celebrity".^[140]

Swift released a cover of Tom Petty's "American Girl", exclusively through Rhapsody in June 2009^[141] and continues to make her stage entrance to Petty's recording of the song.^[142] Swift contributed backing vocals to John Mayer's "Half of My Heart", featured on his fourth album, in November 2009.^[143] Mayer wrote the song as a tribute to Tom Petty and Fleetwood Mac: "I thought, 'Well, if this is going to be my love letter to that style of music, who's going to be the Stevie Nicks in this equation?' And I thought, 'This Taylor Swift girl is going to be around for a long time."^[144] The song received positive reviews from music critics.^[145]^[146]^[147] Swift and Mayer performed the song live at Madison Square Garden, New York in December 2009.^[148] It was released as the album's third single in June 2010 and peaked at number 25 on the Billboard Hot 100.^[149] Swift collaborated with a number of other artists in 2008 and 2009. She co-wrote and recorded "Best Days of Your Life" with Kelly Pickler.^[150] She co-wrote two songs for the Hannah Montana: The Movie soundtrack – "You'll Always Find Your Way Back Home" and "Crazier" – with Martin Johnson and Robert Ellis Orrall, respectively.^[151] Swift also provided vocals for Boys Like Girls's "Two Is Better Than One", written by Martin Johnson.^[152]^[153]^[154]^[155] In January 2010, Swift contributed two songs – including "Today Was a Fairytale" – to the Valentine's Day soundtrack^[156] and recorded a cover of Better Than Ezra's "Breathless" for the Hope for Haiti Now album.^[157]

Swift at the 2010 Time 100 Gala, where she was honored

In November 2009, Swift became the youngest ever artist, and one of only six women, to be named Entertainer of the Year by the Country Music Association.^[158] Fearless also won the Association's Album of the Year award.^[158] The album won many other accolades and has become the most awarded album in country music history.^[159] Swift was the youngest ever artist to win the Academy of Country Music's Album of the Year honor.^[160] The American Music Awards honored Swift with Artist of the Year and Favorite Country Album plaudits.^[161] She was awarded the Hal David Starlight Award by the Songwriters Hall of Fame^[162] and was named Songwriter/Artists of the Year by the Nashville Songwriters Association.^[163] She won four BMI Awards.^[164] Billboard named her 2009's Artist of the Year.^[165] Swift was included in Time's annual list of the 100 Most Influential People in 2010.^[166]

In January 2010, Swift won four Grammy Awards for Album of the Year, Best Country Album, Best Female Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Song, from a total of eight nominations.^[167]^[168] She was the youngest ever artist to win Album of the Year.^[169] During the ceremony, Swift sang "Rhiannon" and "You Belong with Me" with Stevie Nicks. Her vocal performance received negative reviews and sparked a widespread media backlash.^[140]^[170] Her vocals were described variously as "badly off-key", "strikingly bad" and "incredibly wretched".^[171]^[172] While The New York Times found it "refreshing to see someone so gifted make the occasional flub" and described Swift as "the most important new pop star of the past few years",^[169] music critic Bob Lefsetz predicted that her career would end "overnight".^[173]^[174] In April 2010, Stevie Nicks, writing in Time, defended the singer: "Taylor reminds me of myself in her determination and her childlike nature. It's an innocence that's so special and so rare. This girl writes the songs that make the whole world sing, like Neil Diamond or Elton John ... The female rock-'n'-roll-country-pop songwriter is back, and her name is Taylor Swift. And it's women like her who are going to save the music business."^[166]

[edit] 2010–12: Speak Now release, 13-month world tour and collaborations

Swift released her third studio album, Speak Now, in October 2010.^[175] She wrote all twelve songs alone: "I'd get my best ideas at 3 a.m. in Arkansas and I didn't have a co-writer around."^[176] Album recording sessions took place in California, Tennessee and Kentucky over a two year period.^[177]^[178] Swift, who co-produced the record with longtime collaborator Nathan Chapman,^[179] has described it as "a collection of confessions—things I wish I had said when I was in the moment".^[180] She originally intended to call the album Enchanted but Scott Borchetta, her record label's CEO, felt the title did not reflect the album's more adult themes: "She had played me a bunch of the new songs. I looked at her and I'm like, 'Taylor, this record isn't about fairy tales and high school anymore. That's not where you're at'".^[181] Musically, it has been said that the album "expands beyond country-pop to border both alternative rock and dirty bubblegum pop".^[182]

Speak Now received generally positive reviews from music critics.^[183] USA Today felt that Swift's songwriting skills would remind listeners "what all the fuss was about in the first place", with the album capturing "the sweet ache of becoming an adult".^[184] The Los Angeles Times praised her ability as a songwriter to "hit on common experiences that feel unique".^[182] The New York Times described the album as savage, musically diverse and "excellent too, possibly her best".^[179] The Village Voice found that the album demanded "a true appreciation of Swift's talent, which is not confessional, but dramatic: Like a procession of country songwriters before her, she creates characters and situations—some from life—and finds potent ways to describe them."^[185] Entertainment Weekly noted that while love may confound her, "the art of expert songcraft clearly doesn't".^[186] Music critic John Christgau found the album's songs "overlong and overworked" but remarked that "they evince an effort that bears a remarkable resemblance to care—that is, to caring in the best, broadest, and most emotional sense".^[99] Rolling Stone described Swift as one of the best songwriters in "pop, rock or country": "Swift might be a clever Nashville pro who knows all the hitmaking tricks, but she's also a high-strung, hyper-romantic gal with a melodramatic streak the size of the Atchafalaya Swamp".^[187]

Swift performing during the Speak Now World Tour in July 2011

Swift carried out an extensive promotional campaign prior to Speak Now's release.^[188] She appeared on various talk shows and morning shows, and gave free mini-concerts in unusual locations, including an open-decker bus on Hollywood Boulevard and a departure lounge at JFK airport.^[189]^[190] She took part in a "guitar pull" alongside Kris Kristofferson, Emmylou Harris, Vince Gill and Lionel Ritchie at LA's Club Nokia; the musicians shared the stage and took turns introducing and playing acoutic versions of their songs to raise money for the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum.^[191]^[192] The album's lead single, "Mine", was released in August 2010 and five further singles were released throughout 2010 and 2011: "Back to December", "Mean", "The Story of Us", "Sparks Fly" and "Ours".^[193] Speak Now was a major commercial success, debuting at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart. Its sales of 1,047,000 copies made it the sixteenth album in United States history to sell one million copies in a single week.^[194] As of February 2012, Speak Now has sold over four million copies in the US^[195] and over 5.7 million copies worldwide.^[196]^[197] In her career, as of May 2012, Swift has sold over 22 million albums^[198] and 50 million digital tracks worldwide.^[199]

In September 2010, Kanye West's 2009 VMA interruption once again became newsworthy when West used his twitter account to apologize to Swift, referring to her as "just a lil girl with dreams like the rest of us": ""I wrote a song for Taylor Swift that's so beautiful and I want her to have it. If she won't take it then I'll perform it for her." Later that month, both artists performed at the 2010 VMAs. Swift sang "Innocent", a song widely believed to be about West, which The Washington Post has described as "a small masterpiece of passive aggressiveness, a vivisection dressed up as a peace offering".^[200] Music critics found Swift's performance overly serious and "petty".^[201]^[202] Speaking in November 2010, West said he failed to see what was "so arrogant about that moment" and described his actions as "selfless". He added that "if it was the other way around" and Swift were an established artist who had "made the video of her career, do you think she would have lost to a brand new artist? Hell no!"^[203]^[204] Also that month, he claimed that, "If I wasn't drunk, I would have been on stage longer ... Taylor never came to my defense at any interview. And rode the waves and rode it and rode it".^[205]^[206] At the Costume Institute Gala in May 2011, Swift and West came face-to-face on the red carpet. West was observed to hold "a hand out, and the two exchanged a studiedly casual, “down low” high five".^[1]

Swift toured throughout 2011 and early 2012 in support of Speak Now. As part of the thirteen-month, 111-date world tour, Swift played seven shows in Asia, twelve shows in Europe, 80 shows in North America and twelve shows in Australasia.^[207] Three dates on the US tour were rescheduled after Swift fell ill with bronchitis.^[208] The stage show was inspired by Broadway musical theatre, with choreographed routines, elaborate set-pieces, pyrotechnics and numerous costume changes.^[209]^[210] Swift invited many musicians to join her for one-off duets during the North American tour. Appearances were made by James Taylor, Jason Mraz, Shawn Colvin, Johnny Rzeznik, Andy Grammer, Tal Bachman, Justin Bieber, Selena Gomez, Nicki Minaj, Nelly, B.o.B., Usher, Flo Rida, T.I., Jon Foreman, Jim Adkins, Hayley Williams, Hot Chelle Rae, Ronnie Dunn, Darius Rucker, Tim McGraw and Kenny Chesney.^[211]^[212] The tour was attended by over 1.6 million fans and has grossed over $123 million, becoming one of the highest-grossing concert tours of all time.^[207] Swift's first live album, Speak Now World Tour: Live, featuring all seventeen performances from the North American leg of the tour, was released in November 2011.^[213]

Swift speaking during a Youtube interview in September 2011

During the North American and Australasian tour legs, Swift wrote different song lyrics on her left arm for each performance. She has said that the lyrics should be viewed as a nightly "mood ring"^[214] and The New Yorker has cited the practice as an example of Swift's "keen understanding of what fuels fan obsession in the first place: a desire for intimacy between singer and listener".^[1] Artists quoted include Tom Petty, Carole King, Neil Young, Bruce Springsteen, Elton John, Joni Mitchell, Ryan Adams, Patty Griffin, Band of Horses, Jimmy Eat World, Death Cab For Cutie, Alanis Morrissette, Rachael Yamagata, Erin McCarley, Mindy Smith and Martina McBride.^[215]^[216] Swift also performed many acoustic cover versions during her North American tour. In each city, she paid tribute to a homegrown artist.^[217] She has said the cover versions allowed her to be "spontaneous" in an otherwise well-rehearsed show: "You'll have a lot of people who will come to more than one show, and I want them to get a different experience every time."^[218] Artists covered include Justin Timberlake, Tori Amos, TLC, Pink, Fall Out Boy, Dave Matthews Band, Michelle Branch, Jordin Sparks, Maroon 5, Train, John Mellencamp, Kim Carnes, Avril Lavigne, The Jackson 5, Carolyn Dawn Johnson, Gwen Stefani, All American Rejects, Britney Spears and Eminem.^[219]

At the 54th Grammy Awards in February 2012, Swift's song "Mean" won Best Country Song and Best Country Solo Performance.^[220] She also performed "Mean" during the ceremony. The song is believed to be a rebuttal to Bob Lefsetz, one of the most vocal critics of her 2010 Grammy performance.^[174] Lefsetz had previously been a supporter of the singer's career,^[221] and Swift and Lefsetz had corresponded occasionally by email and telephone.^[174] Time felt she "delivered her comeback on-key and with a vengeance"^[222] while USA Today remarked that the criticism in 2010 seemed to have "made her a better songwriter and live performer".^[223]

Swift was named Songwriter/Artist of the Year by the Nashville Songwriters Association in both 2010 and 2011. During the 2011 ceremony, she played an acoustic version of "Where Were You (When the World Stopped Turning)" in honor of Alan Jackson, a Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame inductee,^[224] who later thanked Swift in his speech for "the prettiest version I've ever heard".^[225] Swift won various other awards for Speak Now. She was named Entertainer of the Year by the Academy of Country Music in both 2011 and 2012^[226] and was named Entertainer of the Year by the Country Music Association in 2011.^[227] Swift was the American Music Awards's Artist of the Year in 2011, and Speak Now was named Favorite Country Album.^[228] She was also the recipient of two BMI Awards.^[229] Billboard named Swift 2011's Woman of the Year.^[230] Also that year, Billboard ranked her at number 15 in a list of the Top 20 Hot 100 Songwriters 2000–2011; she was the second highest ranking woman.^[231] Swift was ranked second on Rolling Stone's list of the Top 16 "Queen Of Pops" of the decade.^[232]

Swift contributed two original songs to The Hunger Games soundtrack album in March 2012. "Safe & Sound" was co-written and recorded with The Civil Wars and T-Bone Burnett.^[233] John Paul White has said working with Swift was "a revelation. She had some great ideas. We had complete freedom. It truly was a collaboration. We brought the melancholy and the darker angle. Taylor was bringing the melody and the chords."^[234] Rolling Stone described the song as "Swift's prettiest ballad" and wondered whether the alt-country folk song was "a one-off novelty, a trial balloon cred-move, or the stirrings of a "grown-up" style".^[235] Swift and The Civil Wars debuted a live version of the song at the Ryman Auditorium, Nashville in January 2012.^[236] It was released as the album's lead single and, as of April 2012, has sold 970,000 copies in the United States.^[237] Swift's second contribution to the album, "Eyes Open", was written solely by the singer and produced by Nathan Chapman.^[238] In May 2012, Swift contributed vocals to "Both of Us", a Dr. Luke-produced song on B.o.B's second album Strange Clouds.^[239]^[240]^[241]^[242]

2012–present: Untitled fourth studio album [link]

Swift is currently working on her fourth album with producer Nathan Chapman.^[243]^[244] It is scheduled for release in the fall of 2012.^[245] Swift intends to keep writing and recording throughout 2012 "because I'm having so much fun".^[246] After writing her third album alone, Swift is now collaborating with people "from all different places in music",^[246] including songwriters Lori McKenna,^[247]^[248] Butch Walker,^[249]^[250] Ed Sheeran,^[251] and Dan Wilson.^[252] The album will detail "the rise and fall of a relationship",^[253] as well as the resulting "absolute crash-and-burn heartbreak".^[254] She has described the album's mood as "sad, if I'm being honest."^[255]

Artistry [link]

Songwriting style [link]

Swift has said she writes songs as an "open letter".^[256] She has said songwriting is "is a way of verbalizing those things that I feel that I can’t say".^[47] Swift has said she is "very interested in any writing from a child's perspective" and has cited To Kill a Mockingbird as one of her favorite books.^[257] Neil Young has described Swift as "a great writer" and follows her career.^[258]^[259] Kris Kristofferson has said that "she blows me away. It's amazing to me that someone so young is writing such great songs. She's got a great career ahead of her".^[260]^[261] Dolly Parton has said her songs are "great" and that she has "the qualities that could last a long time".^[262] Stevie Nicks has said Swift writes "songs that make the whole world sing, like Neil Diamond or Elton John".^[166]

Vocal abilities [link]

In studio recordings, the Los Angeles Times identifies Swift's "defining" vocal gesture as "the line that slides down like a contented sigh or up like a raised eyebrow, giving her beloved girl-time hits their air of easy intimacy".^[182] In a review of Speak Now, The Village Voice noted that her phrasing was previously "bland and muddled, but that's changed. She can still sound strained and thin, and often strays into a pitch that drives some people crazy; but she's learned how to make words sound like what they mean".^[185] Slate, reviewing Speak Now, described Swift as "a technically poor singer": "Though she does vary her phrasing in ways that attempt to mask her limited voice (the way she sneers, "She looks at me like I'm a trend/And she's so over it," on "Better Than Revenge" is especially effective), Swift is still noticeably off-pitch at least once on every song on the album".^[263]

In an interview with The New Yorker, Swift characterized herself primarily as a songwriter: “I write songs, and my voice is just a way to get those lyrics across”.^[1] "I'm not trying to go out there and do vocal acrobatics. I'm just trying to write good songs".^[264] However, her vocal presence is something that concerns her and she has "put a lot of work" into improving it.^[265] She has said that she only feels nervous performing "if I'm not sure what the audience thinks of me, like at award shows".^[266]

Public image [link]

Swift has been described as "America's sweetheart" and "a role model".^[267]^[268] The singer considers it her "responsibility" to be conscious of her influence on young fans.^[269] However, she insists that "I don't live by all these rigid, weird rules that make me feel all fenced in. I just like the way that I feel like, and that makes me feel very free".^[270] Swift does not drink alcohol because she worries that "I might come off in a way that I can't control. Maybe I should just lighten up!" "It's not like I judge people who [drink] or that I don't hang out with people who drink".^[270] She refuses to take part in overly sexualised photo-shoots.^[9] The lyrical content of her songs is regarded as appropriate for young audiences. A New Yorker journalist who attended a Swift concert recounted watching "sixteen-year-old girls holding hands and swaying, and a girl in a hijab sobbing as she sang the words. It was hard not to be a little moved, and not to feel relieved that the words being sung were, more or less, safe ... One can attend a concert by Katy Perry and listen to a stadium full of thirteen-year-olds chant along with the song “Peacock” which goes, “I want to see your peacock-cock-cock! Your peacock-cock!"^[1]

A Rolling Stone journalist who profiled Swift in 2009 remarked upon her polite manners: "If this is Swift's game face, it must be tattooed on because it never drops".^[271] A 2012 Vogue cover story described Swift as "clever and funny and occasionally downright bawdy" in person, but noted that she "asks if her cursing can be off the record".^[272] Grantland.com describes Swift as "talkative and openly neurotic in a way you'd never see from a blonde country princess like Faith Hill or Carrie Underwood. She is more like Diane Keaton in Annie Hall: overly gracious and eager to please but full of a nonstop, nervous, fluttering energy".^[273]

There has been much media commentary about Swift's reactions when she is recognized at award ceremonies.^[274] In 2011, The Hollywood Reporter remarked that she "seems to be consistently shocked and wonderstruck by each awards win, despite racking up an ever-growing collection of Grammys, CMAs, MTV Moonmen and AMAs".^[275] Kristen Wiig parodied Swift's surprised facial expressions during a Saturday Night Live sketch in February 2012.^[276] Swift later said she had seen the sketch: “I was laughing the entire time and then I realized that, as I was watching it, I was making the face she was making”.^[277] At the Academy of Country Music Awards in April 2012, the ceremony's host Blake Shelton joked in his opening monologue that Swift should release a perfume called "I can't believe I smell this good". When Swift later presented Shelton with the Academy's Best Male Vocalist award, "the two faced off, showing each other their ultra-surprised looks".^[278]^[279]

Feminist discussion [link]

Swift at the premiere of Hannah Montana: The Movie, April 2009

The merits of Swift as a feminist have been widely discussed.^[280] She has been described by Jezebel as "a feminist's nightmare": "Her image of being good and pure plays right into how much the patriarchy fetishizes virginity, loves purity, and celebrates women who know their place as delicate flowers".^[281] However, a Village Voice music critic dismissed this criticism as "shallow and gross, in that special way that things get gross when you cram shaded and living work through an ideological sieve like you're mechanically separating chicken".^[282] He continued: "Criticisms include: She's a conformist stooge of the patriarchy (she's now had two hits about defying fathers); she idolizes chastity (she's coy about sex, but only the willful could miss the fucking in the new "Sparks Fly," which includes the line "Gimme something that'll haunt me when you're not around"); and she sells girls corrupt and shallow fairy-tale notions of romance (one of the two fairy-tale songs on Fearless mocked a guy for trying to white-knight her, and the only mention of such things on Speak Now is "I had the time of my life fighting dragons with you"—note the tense)."^[282]

The song Fifteen has been the subject of particular scrutiny. It has been said that the song contains a "feminist message" in the lyrics "Back then I swore I was gonna marry him some day, but I realized some bigger dreams of mine” and "In your life you'll do things greater than dating the boy on the football team".^[283] Feminist critics claim the use of the word "everything" in the lyric "Abigail gave everything she had to a boy, who changed his mind, and we both cried" is a reference to virginity: "Songs like "Fifteen" dig up the ancient Puritan ideal that girls can only access power by confidently and heterosexually denying access to their pants."^[284] However, others interpret "everything" as trust: "Abigail trusted and opened up to a boy for the first time, only to be let down. Maybe that includes sex, maybe it doesn’t."^[283]

When asked by The New York Times in 2010 whether she considered herself a feminist, Swift replied, "I have never really thought about that".^[285] In December 2011, Billboard's Tom Roland asked Swift whether the marginalization of women in country music, prevalent in the 1950s, was still an issue: "I was fortunate enough to come about in a time when I didn't feel that kind of energy at all, and it was always my theory that if you want to play in the same ballgame as the boys, you've got to work as hard as them. I was always playing just as many shows as they were and playing on the same shows as they were. I was willing to pay my dues as an opening act, playing in clubs and bars and playing in tiny venues. The new male artists were doing the same thing, so I never saw an issue there."^[286]

Philanthropy [link]

Arts education [link]

In September 2010, Swift donated $75,000 to Nashville's Hendersonville High School to help refurbish the school auditorium's sound and lighting systems.^[287] In May 2012, she pledged $4 million to fund a new education center at the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum in Nashville. The two-storey, 7,500-square foot space will have its own exterior entrance and museum officials have decided to name it The Taylor Swift Education Center.^[288] It will feature three classrooms and a children's exhibit gallery, and will house interactive activities such as a musical petting zoo and a “wet” classroom space to make concert posters and other art projects. New programs and workshops for teenagers and senior citizens will also be accommodated within the space. The Center is scheduled to open in early 2014 and Swift will be involved in an advisory capacity.^[289]

Children's literacy [link]

In December 2009, Swift donated $250,000 to various schools around the country that she had either attended or had other associations with. The money was used to buy books, fund educational programs and pay teachers' salaries.^[290] In October 2010, she took part in a live webcast, Read Now! with Taylor Swift, broadcast exclusively in US schools to celebrate Scholastic's Read Every Day campaign.^[291]^[292] In October 2011, Swift donated 6,000 Scholastic books to Reading Public Library, Pennsylvania^[293] and, in February 2012, she donated 14,000 books to Nashville Public Library, Tennessee.^[294] Most of the books were placed in circulation; the rest were gifted to children from low-income families, preschools and daycare centers.^[294] In March 2012, she co-chaired the National Education Association's Read Across America campaign and recorded a PSA encouraging children to read.^[295]^[296]

Natural disaster funds [link]

In June 2008, Swift donated all the proceeds from her merchandise sales at the 2008 Country Music Festival to the Red Cross's disaster relief fund.^[297] Swift donated $100,000 to the Red Cross in Cedar Rapids, Iowa to help the victims of the Iowa flood of 2008.^[298] Swift lent her support to the Victorian Bushfire Appeal by joining the lineup at Sydney's Sound Relief concert,^[299] reportedly making the biggest contribution of any artist playing at Sound Relief to the Australian Red Cross.^[300]

In response to the May 2010 Tennessee floods, Swift donated $500,000 during a flood relief telethon hosted by WSMV, a Nashville television station.^[301] In August 2010, she donated $100,000 to help rebuild a playground in Hendersonville, Tennessee, which was damaged by floodwater.^[302] In May 2011, Swift transformed what was to have been the final dress rehearsal for the North American leg of her Speak Now tour into a benefit concert for victims of recent tornadoes in the United States southeast region, raising more than $750,000 from proceeds from ticket sales, merchandise and other facets of the show.^[303] The benefit concert for tornado relief was subsequently honored at the 2011 Do Something Awards.^[304] In July 2011, Swift further aided the cause by donating $250,000 to Alabama football coach Nick Saban's charity Nick's Kids to aid in the tornado relief efforts of West Alabama.^[305] In April 2012, Swift donated $1,500 to a fund to help a man left permanently paralyzed by the tornado to make his house wheelchair-accessible.^[306]

Other charitable endeavors [link]

In September 2007, Swift helped launch a campaign to protect children from online predators, in partnership with the Tennessee Association of Chiefs of Police.^[307] In January 2008, Swift donated a pink Chevy pick-up truck given to her by her record label to the Victory Junction Gang Camp.^[308] Swift has teamed up with Sound Matters to make listeners aware of listening "responsibly".^[309] Swift supports @15, a teen-led social change platform underwritten by Best Buy to give teens opportunities to direct the company's philanthropy through the newly-created @15 Fund.^[310] She appeared in a Got Milk campaign in July 2010.^[311]

Swift donated her prom dress, which raised $1,200 for charity, to DonateMyDress.org.^[312] In November 2009, after a live performance on BBC's Children in Need night, she donated $20,000 to the cause.^[313] Swift donated a pair of her shoes to the Wish Upon a Hero Foundation's Hero in Heels fundraiser for auction to raise money to benefit women with cancer. In June 2011, as the Academy of Country Music's Entertainer of the Year, Swift donated $25,000 to St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Tennessee. This figure was matched by the Academy.^[314]

Other work [link]

Acting [link]

Swift made her acting debut in a 2009 episode of CBS's CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, playing a rebellious teenager.^[315] The New York Times noted that the character allowed Swift to be "a little bit naughty, and credibly so".^[316] Rolling Stone felt she "held her own" and "does a good job with the script"^[317] while the Chicago Tribune said she "acquits herself well".^[318] Later that year, Swift both hosted and performed as the musical guest for an episode of Saturday Night Live.^[319] Entertainment Weekly described her as "this season’s best Saturday Night Live host so far", noting that she "was always up for the challenge, seemed to be having fun, and helped the rest of the cast nail the punchlines". Proving "admirably resilient in a wide variety of sketch roles", "Swift inspired more of a female, girly-in-the-best-sense sensibility in SNL than it’s shown since the Tina Fey-Amy Poehler days".^[320]

In 2010, Swift made her feature film acting debut in the romantic comedy Valentine's Day and won the Teen Choice Award for Movie Female Breakout.^[321] In 2012, she voiced the character of Audrey in the animated film The Lorax.^[322] Swift is in talks to star as Joni Mitchell in the film adaptation of Sheila Weller's Girls Like Us, which follows the careers of Mitchell, Carly Simon and Carole King.^[323]

Product endorsements [link]

Jakks Pacific released a celebrity doll of Swift in late 2008.^[324] Swift was the face of L.E.I. jeans in 2008.^[325] In 2007, Swift launched a line of sundresses at Wal-Mart.^[326]^[327] In 2009, Swift became the National Hockey League's newest celebrity spokesperson and appears in commercials for the Nashville Predators.^[328] In 2011, Swift partnered with Elizabeth Arden to launch a fragrance, "Wonderstruck".^[329] Swift works with American Greetings, Inc.^[330] She also has endorsement deals with companies including Target, CoverGirl and Sony.^[331]

In May 2009, Swift filed a lawsuit (kept sealed until August 2010) against numerous sellers of unauthorized counterfeit merchandise bearing her name, likeness, and trademarks, where she demanded a trial by jury, sought a judgement for compensatory damages, punitive damages, three times the actual damages sustained, and statutory damages, and sought for recovery of her attorney's fees and prejudgement interest.^[332] Nashville's U.S. District Court granted an injunction and judgment against the sellers, who had been identified at Swift's concerts in several states. The court ordered merchandise seized from the defendants to be destroyed.^[333]^[334]^[335]

Personal life [link]

Swift's main residence is a duplex penthouse in Midtown Nashville, Tennessee.^[336]^[1] She also owns a house in Beverly Hills, California.^[337]^[338] According to Forbes, Swift earned $18 million in 2009,^[339] $45 million in 2010,^[340] $45 million in 2011^[341] and $57 million so far in 2012.^[342]

Relationships [link]

Swift writes autobiographical songs and has said that, "I've never been shy or secretive with the fact that if you walk into my life, you may be walking onto a record".^[343] Listening to music as a child, Swift felt confused "when I knew something was going on in someone’s personal life and they didn’t address it in their music".^[344]

Swift dated singer Joe Jonas from July to October 2008.^[345]^[346] She dated actor Taylor Lautner from October to December 2009.^[347]^[348] She was romantically linked to musician John Mayer from late 2009 until June 2010.^[349]^[350] They first met in 2008 and recorded a duet, "Half of My Heart", in late 2009.^[351]^[352] Swift dated actor Jake Gyllenhaal from October 2010 to December 2010.^[353]^[354]^[355]^[356]^[357] On December 9, 2011, Gyllenhaal called the LAPD for assistance, after a large number of photographers followed the couple's car in Los Angeles.^[358] Following their break-up, they were seen together in January and February 2011.^[359]^[360]

Politics [link]

On her eighteenth birthday, "the first thing" Swift did was register to vote.^[361]^[362] After casting her vote in the 2008 US presidential election, Swift declined to inform journalists which candidate she had supported.^[363] However, following Barack Obama's inauguration, she told Rolling Stone: "I've never seen this country so happy about a political decision in my entire time of being alive. I'm so glad this was my first election."^[364] In 2009, after Swift's MTV VMA acceptance speech was interrupted by Kanye West, President Obama described West's behaviour as "really inappropriate. The young lady seems like a perfectly nice person. She’s getting her award. What is he doing up there? He’s a jackass."^[365] Former US President Jimmy Carter said West's interruption was "completely uncalled for".^[366]

In 2010, former U.S. President George H. W. Bush attended the taping of a Swift television special in Kennebunkport, Maine,^[367] and later described Swift as "unspoiled" and "very nice".^[368] In 2012, Swift was presented with a Kids' Choice Award in recognition of her charitable work by Michelle Obama, who praised her as someone who "has rocketed to the top of the music industry but still keeps her feet on the ground, someone who has shattered every expectation of what a 22-year old can accomplish".^[369] Swift later described the First Lady as "a role model".^[370]

Swift is an admirer of the Kennedy family and has spent time with Rory, Caroline and, particularly, Ethel Kennedy.^[371] When asked about her friendship with Swift, Ethel replied, "Oh, she is amazing! Such good company."^[372] Rory has said, "There is a mutual admiration society between my mother and Taylor Swift and I just love it! I think it says so much about Taylor – she has that ability to connect and cross generations ... She's terrific and such a great role model for young girls, as well as for all women, really. ... She's just so curious and interested".^[372] In January 2012, Swift travelled to Utah to attend the Sundance premiere of the HBO documentary Ethel.^[373]

In a 2012 interview, Swift remarked that she was "very cautious" about using her public profile to address political issues, adding that she hoped to "gradually" become more outspoken: "I don't feel that I am in a place to sing about politics or anything like that. I don't know enough at this point".^[374]

Filmography [link]

Year	Title	Role	Notes
2009	Jonas Brothers: The 3D Concert Experience	Herself	Cameo
2009	CSI: Crime Scene Investigation	Haley Jones	Episode: "Turn, Turn, Turn"
2009	Hannah Montana: The Movie	Herself	Cameo
2009	Saturday Night Live	Host	Also appeared as the Musical Guest
2010	Valentine's Day	Felicia	Movie acting debut
2012	Lorax, TheThe Lorax	Audrey	Voice only

Discography [link]

Main article: Taylor Swift discography

Taylor Swift (2006)
Fearless (2008)
Speak Now (2010)
Untitled Fourth Studio Album (Fall 2012)

Tours [link]

Fearless Tour (2009–10)
Speak Now World Tour (2011–12)

Awards and nominations [link]

Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Taylor Swift

Swift has won 109 awards from a total of 162 nominations. She has been the recipient of ten American Music Awards, six Grammy Awards, seven Country Music Association Awards, six Academy of Country Music Awards and 13 BMI Awards.

References [link]

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^ "Taylor Swift's father is a Blue Hen". Udel.edu. September 23, 2009. http://www.udel.edu/udaily/2010/sep/swift092309.html. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
^ Fitzmaurice, Sarah (August 27, 2011). "Taylor Swift buys parents $2.5m Nashville mansion". Daily Mail. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2030765/Taylor-Swift-buys-parents-2-5m-Nashville-mansion.html. Retrieved April 22, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Cutter, Kimberly (June 2, 2010). "Taylor Swift's Rise to America's Sweetheart". Marie Claire. p. 2. http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity-lifestyle/celebrities/taylor-swift-quotes-2. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
^ Murray, Nick (November 23, 2011). "Live: Taylor Swift Brings Selena Gomez And James Taylor To Madison Square Garden". The Village Voice. http://blogs.villagevoice.com/music/2011/11/taylor_swift_madison_square_garden_november_22_review.php. Retrieved April 22, 2012.
^ Maddie Eurit. "Country's Princess". Sesc.k12.in.us. http://www.sesc.k12.in.us/Cass/Courier/Class%20of%20'13/Maddie%20Eurit/tswift.html. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
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^ ^a ^b Nisha Lilia Diu (April 3, 2011). "Taylor Swift: 'I won't do sexy shoots'". Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/8421110/Taylor-Swift-I-wont-do-sexy-shoots.html. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Van Meter, Jonathan (January 17, 2012). "Taylor Swift: The Single Life – Magazine". Vogue. p. 4. http://www.vogue.com/magazine/article/taylor-swift-the-single-life/?mbid=syn+d_omg#4. Retrieved April 17, 2012.
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^ DeLuca, Dan (August 8, 2010). "Taylor Swift works crowd, local angle smoothly". Articles.philly.com. http://articles.philly.com/2011-08-08/news/29864618_1_taylor-swift-local-angle-show-woman. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
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^ "Songwriter Taylor Swift Signs Publishing Deal With Sony/ATV | News". BMI.com. May 12, 2005. http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/234444. Retrieved April 19, 2012.
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^ "News : Taylor Swift's High School Names Auditorium in Her Honor". CMT. September 23, 2010. http://www.cmt.com/news/news-in-brief/1648575/taylor-swifts-high-school-names-auditorium-in-her-honor.jhtml. Retrieved April 18, 2012.
^ "Taylor Swift receives high-school diploma". MSNBC. July 27, 2008. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/25874555. Retrieved 2011-07-17.
^ "InStyle meets country singing sensation Taylor Swift". Instyle.co.uk. October 26, 2010. http://www.instyle.co.uk/news/instyle-meets-country-singing-sensation-taylor-swift-26-10-10. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
^ Taylor and Sheryl talk on the road, US Weekly, page 73
^ "Taylor Swift Talks About Women Who Rock". www.k955fm.com. May 24, 2012. http://www.k955fm.com/news/entertainment/celebrity-news/taylor-swift-talks-about-women-who-rock/nChW7/. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
^ "Taylor Swift: 100 Miles an Hour and Not Slowing Down Read more: Taylor Swift Interview – Taylor Swift Q&A – Marie Claire". Marie Claire. June 22, 2009. http://www.marieclaire.com/celebrity-lifestyle/celebrities/taylor-swift-interview?click=rel. Retrieved May 14, 2012.
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^ ^a ^b CELEBScom (January 31, 2012). "Ethel & Rory Kennedy talk Taylor Swift and "Ethel" at the Celebs.com Studio at Sundance". YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9dmmm5vkS18. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
^ "Taylor Swift Wrote a Song About the Kennedys – ABC News". Abcnews.go.com. January 23, 2012. http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/entertainment/2012/01/taylor-swift-wrote-a-song-about-the-kennedys/. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
^ Harper's Bazaar Australia, April 2012

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Taylor Swift

Wikipedia books: Taylor Swift
Official website
Taylor Swift on Twitter
Taylor Swift at the Internet Movie Database
Taylor Swift on Facebook

Awards
Preceded by Carrie Underwood	Grammy Award for Best Female Country Vocal Performance 2010	Succeeded by Miranda Lambert
Preceded by N/A	Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance 2012	Succeeded by incumbent
Preceded by Miranda Lambert	Academy of Country Music Award for Top New Female Vocalist 2008	Succeeded by Julianne Hough
Preceded by Carrie Underwood	Academy of Country Music Award for Entertainer of the Year 2011–2012	Succeeded by incumbent
Preceded by Carrie Underwood	Country Music Association Award for Horizon Award 2007	Succeeded by N/A
Preceded by Carrie Underwood	Country Music Association Award for Female Vocalist of the Year 2009	Succeeded by Miranda Lambert
Preceded by Kenny Chesney	Country Music Association Award for Entertainer of the Year 2009	Succeeded by Brad Paisley
Preceded by Brad Paisley	Country Music Association Award for Entertainer of the Year 2011	Succeeded by incumbent
Preceded by Rihanna	American Music Award for Favorite Pop/Rock Female Artist 2009	Succeeded by Lady GaGa
Preceded by Carrie Underwood	American Music Award for Favorite Country Female Artist 2008–2011	Succeeded by incumbent
Preceded by Chris Brown	American Music Award for Artist of the Year 2009	Succeeded by Justin Bieber
Preceded by Justin Bieber	American Music Award for Artist of the Year 2011	Succeeded by incumbent

v t e Taylor Swift

Discography Awards and nominations

Studio albums	Taylor Swift Fearless Speak Now

Extended plays	Sounds of the Season: The Taylor Swift Holiday Collection Beautiful Eyes

Live albums	Speak Now World Tour Live

Filmography	Jonas Brothers: The 3D Concert Experience Hannah Montana: The Movie Valentine's Day The Lorax

Television	Taylor Swift: Journey to Fearless Taylor Swift and Def Leppard

Concert tours	Fearless Tour Speak Now World Tour

Principal collaborators	Nathan Chapman Liz Rose

Related articles	Big Machine Records 2009 MTV Video Music Awards controversy "Best Days of Your Life" "You'll Always Find Your Way Back Home"

Book

v t e Taylor Swift singles

Discography Awards and nominations

Taylor Swift	"Tim McGraw" "Teardrops on My Guitar" "Our Song" "Picture to Burn" "Should've Said No"

Fearless	"Love Story" "White Horse" "You Belong with Me" "Fifteen" "Fearless"

Speak Now	"Mine" "Back to December" "Mean" "The Story of Us" "Sparks Fly" "Ours"

Featured singles	"Two Is Better Than One" "Half of My Heart" "Both of Us"

Soundtrack singles	"Eyes Open"

Promotional singles	"Change" "Breathe" "You're Not Sorry" "Crazier" "Today Was a Fairytale" "Speak Now" "If This Was a Movie" "Superman" "Safe & Sound"

Grammy Award for Album of the Year (2010s)

Fearless performed by Taylor Swift; Colbie Caillat, featured artist; Nathan Chapman & Taylor Swift, producers; Chad Carlson, Nathan Chapman & Justin Neibank, engineers/mixers; Hank Williams, mastering engineer (2010)	The Suburbs performed by Arcade Fire (William Butler, Win Butler, Régine Chassagne, Jeremy Gara, Timothy Kingsbury, Sarah Neufeld, Richard Reed Parry); Arcade Fire & Markus Dravs, producers; Arcade Fire, Markus Dravs, Mark Lawson & Craig Silvey, engineers/mixers; George Marino, mastering engineer (2011)
21 performed by Adele; Jim Abbiss, Adele, Paul Epworth, Rick Rubin, Fraser T. Smith, Ryan Tedder & Dan Wilson, producers; Jim Abbiss, Philip Allen, Beatriz Artola, Ian Dowling, Tom Elmhirst, Greg Fidelman, Dan Parry, Steve Price, Mark Rankin, Andrew Scheps, Fraser T. Smith & Ryan Tedder, engineers/mixers; Tom Coyne, mastering engineer (2012)	(2013)

v t e Billboard Year-End number one albums (1990–2009)

1990: Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 – Janet Jackson 1991: Mariah Carey – Mariah Carey 1992: Ropin' the Wind – Garth Brooks 1993: The Bodyguard – Soundtrack 1994: The Sign – Ace of Base 1995: Cracked Rear View – Hootie & the Blowfish 1996: Jagged Little Pill – Alanis Morissette 1997: Spice – Spice Girls 1998: Titanic: Music from the Motion Picture – James Horner 1999: Millennium – Backstreet Boys 2000: No Strings Attached – 'N Sync 2001: 1 – The Beatles 2002: The Eminem Show – Eminem 2003: Get Rich or Die Tryin' – 50 Cent 2004: Confessions – Usher 2005: The Massacre – 50 Cent 2006: Some Hearts – Carrie Underwood 2007: Daughtry – Daughtry 2008: As I Am – Alicia Keys 2009: Fearless – Taylor Swift

Complete list (1956–1969) (1970–1989) (1990–2009) (2010–2029)

Persondata
Name	Swift, Taylor
Alternative names	Swift, Taylor Alison
Short description	Singer and songwriter
Date of birth	December 13, 1989
Place of birth	Reading, Pennsylvania, United States
Date of death
Place of death

http://wn.com/Taylor_Swift

http://it.wn.com/Taylor Swift

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http://id.wn.com/Taylor Swift

http://es.wn.com/Taylor Swift

http://ru.wn.com/Свифт, Тейлор

http://nl.wn.com/Taylor Swift

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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taylor_Swift

This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.

Rick Astley
Astley performing in Santiago de Chile, in 2009.
Background information
Birth name	Richard Paul Astley
Born	(1966-02-06) 6 February 1966 (age 46) Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire, England
Genres	Pop, dance-pop, blue-eyed soul
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, musician
Instruments	Vocals, guitar, drums, keyboards
Years active	1985–1993 2000–present
Labels	RCA, Polydor, Cruz
Associated acts	FBI Stock Aitken Waterman
Website	rickastley.co.uk

Richard Paul "Rick" Astley ( /ˈrɪk ˈæstli/; born 6 February 1966) is an English singer-songwriter, musician, and radio personality. He is known for his 1987 song, "Never Gonna Give You Up", which was a #1 hit single in 25 countries.^[1] Astley holds the record for being the only male solo artist to have his first 8 singles reach the Top 10 in the UK^[2] and by retirement in 1993 had sold approximately 40 million records worldwide.^[3]^[4]^[5]

After retiring from the music industry in 1993, Astley made a comeback in 2007 when he became an Internet phenomenon, as his video for "Never Gonna Give You Up" became part of a popular Internet meme known as "Rickrolling".^[6] Astley was voted "Best Act Ever" by Internet users at the MTV Europe Music Awards 2008.^[7]

1 Early life
2 Signing to Stock Aitken Waterman
3 Success
4 Switching to soul and AC
5 Retirement
6 Return to singing
7 Astley today
8 Personal life
9 Discography
- 9.1 Studio albums
10 Rickroll internet phenomenon
11 See also
12 References
13 External links

Early life [link]

Richard Paul Astley was born on 6 February 1966 in Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire, England, becoming the fourth child of his family. His parents divorced when he was five, and Astley was brought up by his father.^[8] His musical career started when he was ten, singing in the local church choir.^[9] During his schooldays, Astley formed and played the drums in a number of local bands, where he met guitarist David Morris.^[2]^[10] After leaving school at sixteen, Astley was employed during the day as a driver in his father's market-gardening business and played drums on the Northern club circuit at night in bands such as “Give Way” - specialising in covering Beatles and Shadows songs - and “FBI”, which won several local talent competitions.^[9]

Signing to Stock Aitken Waterman [link]

In 1985, Astley was performing as a drummer with a soul band named FBI, with Morris on guitar. They were a well known local band writing and performing their own music, gigging in pubs and clubs. When FBI's lead singer left the band, and Morris left to concentrate on his career in hairdressing,^[10] Astley offered to be the lead vocalist. This was when he was noticed by the record producer Pete Waterman, who persuaded him to come to London to work at the PWL recording studio,^[2] with RCA Records publishing his records. Under the tutelage of the production team of Mike Stock, Matt Aitken and Pete Waterman, known as Stock Aitken Waterman, Astley was taught about the recording process and groomed for his future career, supposedly starting off as the recording studio 'tea boy'.^[11] The reason for Astley to be hired initially as a 'tape op', was to overcome his shyness.^[12] SAW also hired most of FBI, including Morris as a guitarist/songwriter.^[10]

File:FBI with Astley.jpg

The group FBI, from left to right, Kevin Needham, Rick Astley, Will Hopper, Peter Dale, & Greg Smee, in 1984

Success [link]

His first single was the little-known "When You Gonna", released as a collaboration with Lisa Carter, with little promotion. It did not chart. His first solo offering was "Never Gonna Give You Up", recorded on New Year's Day 1987, and released eight months later, in August. Astley's distinctive rich, deep voice combined with dance pop, made the song an immediate success,^[13] spending five weeks at the top of the British charts and becoming the year's highest-selling single. The song was also a worldwide number one hit, topping the charts in 24 other countries, including the U.S., Australia, and Germany. It would become the first of 13 (worldwide) top 30 hit singles for him. "Never Gonna Give You Up" won Best British single at the 1988 BPI awards (now called the BRIT Awards),^[14] and he performed the hit in front of a global audience of 100 million.^[2]^[15]

His next single was "Whenever You Need Somebody", which was released in October. The single was a recycled Stock, Aitken, Waterman song, originally recorded by O'Chi Brown in 1985. It became a successful European hit, reaching #1 in seven countries, including Germany and Sweden, following up the success of his debut single. It also reached #3 in the UK. It was not released in North America.^[16]

In November 1987, the album Whenever You Need Somebody, containing four Astley-written tracks, also reached number one in the UK and Australia, and #10 in the U.S. It was certified 4x Platinum in the UK and Canada, and 2x Platinum in the US. Overall Whenever You Need Somebody sold 15.2 million copies worldwide, making him the top selling British act of the year.^[2]

In the run up to Christmas 1987, Astley released a cover version of the Nat King Cole classic "When I Fall in Love". This single is mainly remembered for a closely fought contest for UK Christmas Number 1. Rivals EMI, hoping to see their act the Pet Shop Boys reach #1, re-released the version by Nat King Cole.^[17]^[18] This led to a slowdown of purchases of Astley's version, allowing the Pet Shop Boys to reach the coveted top spot. Despite selling over 200,000 copies and gaining a Silver certification from the BPI,^[19] it peaked in the UK at #2 for two weeks. The re-release of Nat King Cole's version reached #4. The B side was a dance number "My Arms Keep Missing You", which was successful in mainland Europe.

Astley's fourth single release would be "Together Forever" in 1988, reaching #2 in the UK. It was denied the top spot by Neighbours sensation Kylie Minogue's debut "I Should Be So Lucky".^[20] "Together Forever" was more successful state-side, topping the U.S charts, making it his second U.S chart topper, which meant Astley was one of the few British acts to crack the American market. In 1989 he was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best New Artist, but lost to Tracy Chapman.

His fifth and final release from his debut album was "It Would Take a Strong Strong Man". It was a more soulful song, when compared to his other releases, and was mainly intended for the North American market. Thus, it was not released in Britain. It was another hit for Astley, reaching #10 on the U.S Billboard Hot 100, and #1 in Canada. During the period between his debut release and his fifth single, Astley outsold every other artist in the world.^[21] In the UK, he was in the Top 40 every week for the first 6 months of his career.^[2]

A fire in the PWL studios destroyed much of Astley's new material,^[2] causing a delay in the release of his second album. Hold Me In Your Arms was eventually released in January 1989, containing five singles, and reached #8 in the UK and #19 in the US, being certified platinum in the UK and gold in the US.

File:Rickastleyposter.jpg

Rick Astley was presented by Stock Aitken Waterman as a boy next door type act. After leaving PWL, Astley changed his image to a more mature and moody musician.

Astley's relationship with British media deteriorated significantly after the release of Whenever You Need Somebody, with the media calling him a 'puppet' of Stock Aitken Waterman.^[14] This was despite Astley writing five of his new album's tracks. The negative press inevitably affected the sales of his singles.^[22] The first single from the album to be released was "She Wants To Dance With Me", a number penned by Astley himself. It was another successful single, reaching #6 on both the UK and US charts. "Take Me to Your Heart" was the next single to be released from the album. It reached #8 in the UK and was not released in the US. The Astley-written ballad "Hold Me in Your Arms" reached #10 in the UK and was also not released in North America. The next two singles released from the album were intended for the North American market. "Giving Up On Love" and a cover of The Temptations song "Ain't Too Proud To Beg" charted at #38 and #89 in the US respectively.

In December 1989, Astley set off on his first world tour, touring 15 countries including the UK, US, Australia, and Japan.^[2] By the end of the tour, Astley was tiring of the negative press, and wanted to explore alternative paths as a musician. Thus, he left his producers Stock Aitken Waterman, with RCA records buying out his contract with PWL.

Switching to soul and AC [link]

By 1990, Astley had parted company with Stock, Aitken, and Waterman. He also decided to leave his dance-pop days behind him, moving towards his passion, soul. This shift in musical genre led him to change his image too, ditching the boy next door look, presenting himself as a mature and passionate musician. His third album, Free, was released in 1991 containing collaborations with Elton John.^[14] The album contained three singles, and reached #9 in the UK and #31 in the US.

He achieved one more major success with the 1991 ballad "Cry for Help", which reached #7 in both the UK and the US. This would place Astley in The Guinness Book of Records, as he became the first male solo artist to have his first eight singles all chart in the UK Top 10. This record still stands to this day.^[2] The other two singles from Free were not as successful. "Move Right Out" reached #58 in the UK and #81 in the US; and "Never Knew Love" reached #70 in the UK and did not chart in the US. Free would mark the end of Astley's successful period, and "Cry for Help" would be the last Astley single to make the Top 10 in either the UK or US (as of May 2010).

His next album, Body and Soul, was released in 1993, and was largely an Adult Contemporary album. By the time the album was released, Astley had decided to retire from the music industry. As a result, the album did not get a lot of promotion,^[2] not charting in the UK but managing to make the Billboard 200, peaking at #182. The two singles, "The Ones You Love" and "Hopelessly", performed very well on the US adult contemporary chart, peaking at #19 and #4 respectively. "The Ones You Love" peaked at #48 in the UK but did not chart in the US. "Hopelessly" also crossed over and peaked at #28 on the US Billboard 100, staying in the US top 40 for five weeks, and #33 in the UK. It was named as one of the most performed songs at the 1994 BMI Awards,^[23] and is one of the few songs to achieve BMI 'Million-Air' status.^[24]

Retirement [link]

After 1993, Astley decided to retire from the music industry at the young age of 27, deciding that family life was more important. During Astley's time out of the music business, he raised his daughter Emilie, born in 1992. Thus, for much of the 1990s and early 2000s, Astley remained largely out of the spotlight. One notable musical appearance by Astley during retirement was as a backing singer on The Lion King soundtrack in 1994.^[11]

Return to singing [link]

Almost 10 years after Body and Soul, Astley finally returned to the music world, signing a co-publishing deal with Polydor and releasing Keep It Turned On in 2002. The album featured the single "Sleeping", which became a minor club hit, thanks to a set of remixes from U.S. house producer Todd Terry. Keep It Turned On was only released in Continental Europe.^[2]

Astley's first compilation album, Greatest Hits, was released in 2002, and reached #16 on the UK Albums Chart. With no promotion from Astley, it sold over 100,000 copies and was certified Gold by the BPI.^[2] After retirement in 1993, Astley continued to write songs for various acts and in 2003 he managed to chart at #10 in the UK as a songwriter with "Shakespeare's (Way With) Words" performed by short-lived boy band One True Voice.

In 2004, Astley toured for the first time in 14 years, which led him to a record contract with Sony BMG.^[2] In March 2005, Astley released the album Portrait in which he covered many classic standards such as "Vincent",^[25] "Nature Boy" and "Close to You". Both Astley and Sony BMG were unhappy with the end result so the album was poorly promoted,^[2] yet managed to reach #26 on the UK Albums Chart.

Astley performing in Denmark '09

In April 2008, the album "The Ultimate Collection: Rick Astley" was released by Sony BMG and by early May it had reached #17 on the UK Top 40 Albums Chart,^[26] again with no promotion from Astley.

In September 2008, Rick was nominated for the 'Best Act Ever' award at the MTV Europe Music Awards^[7] The push to make Astley the winner of the award continued after the announcement, as well as efforts to encourage MTV to personally invite Astley to the awards ceremony.^[27] On 7 November, following a massive internet campaign by fans, Rick won the award in Liverpool, but was not there in person to receive it. Perez Hilton collected the prize on his behalf.^[28] On the back of this, "Never Gonna Give You Up" returned to the UK charts, over 21 years after it was released, peaking at #73 during the Christmas period.

During the late 2000s, Astley continued touring across the globe, touring with various other '80s acts, such as Boy George and Belinda Carlisle, in the Here and Now Tour.^[2] In April 2009, he wrote an article for Time about moot.^[29]

Astley today [link]

Astley was a special guest throughout Peter Kay's new tour, The Tour That Doesn't Tour Tour...Now On Tour, from 27 April to 22 May 2010. To mark the occasion, Rick Astley released a new single "Lights Out" on his own label. It was released on 7 June 2010.^[30] This was Astley's first release in the UK Singles Chart in 17 years. It was well received by radio, peaking #15 on the UK Airplay Charts, but failed to become a commercial hit, reaching only #97 on the UK Singles Chart.

During the summer 2010, Astley became a radio DJ for London's Magic FM, presenting a Sunday show.^[31]^[32] Initially the contract was 8 weeks but he proved popular with listeners and his contract was extended till the end of the year.^[33] In December 2010, Astley co-hosted the Chris Evans Breakfast Show on BBC Radio 2 with Peter Kay,^[34] and in March 2011 appeared in Comic Relief's Red Nose Day telethon on the BBC.^[35]^[36]

Personal life [link]

Rick Astley is married to Lene Bausager, and the couple have one daughter, Emilie, who was born in 1992. Astley met Lene when she was working as a promoter with RCA in 1988.^[8] Lene is a film producer, and was nominated for the 2006 Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film for the Sean Ellis film Cashback, where she was the main producer.^[37]^[38] The family lives in the London suburb of Richmond.^[39]

Discography [link]

Main article: Rick Astley discography

Canada Top data: for singles and albums from The Record magazine. US Top data: for singles from The Billboard Hot 100, for albums from The Billboard 200; UK Top data for singles and albums is from UK Singles Chart. Based on various music charts in the UK, US and Canada, Astley has charted a grand total of 14 different hit singles and 6 different hit albums, as of April 2010.

Studio albums [link]

Whenever You Need Somebody (1987)
Hold Me in Your Arms (1989)
Free (1991)
Body & Soul (1993)
Keep It Turned On (2001)
Portrait (2005)

Rickroll internet phenomenon [link]

Astley rickrolling the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, 2008

Main articles: Rickrolling and Never Gonna Give You Up

In 2007,^[40] Rick Astley became the subject of a viral internet meme known as Rickrolling. This is where internet users are tricked into watching Rick Astley's video "Never Gonna Give You Up" by following a link that claims to be something else.^[41] Views of this video on various websites are now in the millions. The phenomenon became so popular that on 1 April 2008, YouTube pranked its users by making every single featured video on its front page a Rickroll.^[42]

On November 27, 2008, Astley himself participated in a live Rickroll during the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade while the Foster's Home for Imaginary Friends characters were singing "Best Friend", the theme from the 1970s TV series The Courtship of Eddie's Father. Midway through the song, Astley emerged from the float and began to lip sync his signature hit. At the end of Astley's performance, Cheese (a character from Foster's) shouted out "I like Rickrolling!".^[43]^[44]

Despite the video garnering millions of hits on YouTube, Astley has earned almost no money from the meme, receiving only US$12 in royalties from YouTube for his performance share.^[45]

References [link]

^ Mike Stock Music - Biography
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o Rickastley.com - Biography. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
^ MySpace.com - Rick Astley
^ Shropshire Star.com - 7th June 2008. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
^ Liverpool Echo - 12th November 2007. Retrieved 28 January 2010.
^ Rick Biografia. VH1 Spañol (undated). Retrieved 27 December 2006.
^ ^a ^b "Astley shortlisted for MTV award". BBC News. 2 October 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7646807.stm. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
^ ^a ^b "Rick Astley: The pop idol returns". London: The Independent. 13 October 2005. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/rick-astley-the-pop-idol-returns-510759.html. Retrieved 2010-05-16.
^ ^a ^b "Rick Astley - About". lookstudio.com. http://lookstudio.com/rickastley/about.html. Retrieved 2010-05-16.
^ ^a ^b ^c "MP David Morris on his journey from pop to politics". BBC. 2 March 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-12523570. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
^ ^a ^b "YouTube - Rick Astley - Never Gonna Give You Up (1987)". www.youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3HrSN7176XI&feature=player_embedded. Retrieved 2010-02-11. ^{[dead link]}
^ "YouTube - Rick Astley Interview in 1987 (TVam) (1987)". www.youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y9fNRXUoveg&feature=related. Retrieved 2010-05-14.
^ "allmusic - Rick Astley - Overview". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p3581. Retrieved 2010-05-14.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Rick Astley - Biography". TalkTalk. http://www.talktalk.co.uk/music/biography/artist/rick-astley/biography/10843. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ "YouTube - Rick Astley - Never Gonna Give You Up (live) 1988". www.youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YnM1Ee_H2As&NR=1. Retrieved 2010-05-17.
^ "Discography - Whenever You Need Somebody". www.rickastley.co.uk. http://www.rickastley.co.uk/discography/singles/singles02.html. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ "The Ultimate Collection by Rick Astley". itunes.apple.com. http://itunes.apple.com/gb/album/take-me-to-your-heart/id277825763?i=277825791&ign-mpt=uo%3D4. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ "Discography - When I Fall In Love". www.rickastley.co.uk. http://www.rickastley.co.uk/discography/singles/singles03.html. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ "Certified Awards Search". BPI. http://www.bpi.co.uk/certifiedawards/search.aspx. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ "Singles Chart 12/03/88". chartstats. http://www.chartstats.com/chart.php?week=19880312. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ "Ask Rick Astley". Sunday Sun. http://www.sundaysun.co.uk/news/your-questions/2008/02/24/ask-rick-astley-79310-20515633/. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ "Discography -Hold Me In Your Arms". www.rickastley.co.uk. http://www.rickastley.co.uk/discography/singles/singles09.html. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ The Eighties Club
^ BMI Million-Airs
^ Astley, Rick. "Vincent (Live)" (video). YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ttfTJuU3frA&feature=related.
^ "Madonna celebrates chart double". BBC News. 4 May 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7383141.stm. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
^ Bestactever.com 10 October 2008. Retrieved 12 October 2008.
^ "US stars scoop MTV Europe awards". BBC News. 7 November 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/7714498.stm. Retrieved 22 November 2008.
^ "The 2009 Time 100". Time. 30 April 2009. http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1894410_1893837_1894180,00.html. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
^ "Rick Astley Returns With Peter Kay". Fame Magazine. 28 April 2010. http://www.famemagazine.co.uk/2010/04/28/rick-astley-returns-with-peter-kay/.
^ "Rick Astley's Summer Soundtrack". Magic FM 105.7. http://www.magic.co.uk/sectional.asp?id=38003.
^ Halliday, Josh (5 July 2010). "Rick Astley to host Magic 105.4 Sunday show". London: The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2010/jul/05/rick-astley-magic-radio.
^ "Magic 105.4 Extends Rick Astley’s Show". Bauer Media. http://www.bauermedia.co.uk/Press-Office/News/Magic-1054-extends-Rick-Astleys-Show/.
^ "Friday - It's Kay Day!". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00wdf15.
^ "The Chefs Choir Sing "Never Gonna Give You Up" - Red Nose Day 2011". www.youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mn6_60oLrfI. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
^ "Celebrity choir sing Take That classic to wrap up Red Nose Day 2011". www.youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CTGG-Ga64V0. Retrieved 2011-03-29.
^ Lene Bausager - IMDB at the Internet Movie Database
^ "Photo 29 Lene Bausager and Rick Astley | 78th Annual Academy Awards". Digitalhit.com. http://www.digitalhit.com/galleries/22/1/29. Retrieved 2010-05-22.
^ "RICK ASTLEY: 'I'M TOO NICE TO BE A POP IDOL'". Daily Express. http://www.express.co.uk/features/view/64384/RICK-ASTLEY-I-m-too-nice-to-be-a-pop-idol.
^ "Rick Roll related Google Trends". Google Trends. Google. http://www.google.com/trends?q=rick+astley%2C+rickroll%2C+rick+roll%2C+never+gonna+give+you+up&ctab=0&geo=all&date=2007&sort=0. Retrieved 4 April 2008.
^ Savage, Mark (1 April 2008). "Rickrolling and the league of web fame". BBC News (BBC). http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7325280.stm. Retrieved 2 April 2008.
^ "YouTube RickRolls Users". TechCrunch. http://www.techcrunch.com/2008/03/31/youtube-rickrolls-users/. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
^ North, Jesse (2008-11-27). "Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade: Best and worst moments". http://popwatch.ew.com/popwatch/2008/11/macys-thanksgiv.html. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ "YouTube - Macy's Thanksgiving Parade Rickroll". www.youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wL-hNMJvcyI. Retrieved 2010-05-15.
^ "German judge chides Google over YouTube freeloading". The Register. 2010-08-31. http://www.theregister.co.uk/2010/08/31/gema_youtube/.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Rick Astley

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Rick Astley

Official Rick Astley website
Official Rick Astley MySpace
Official Rick Astley YouTube channel (1987-93) (country restricted)
Official Rick Astley YouTube channel (2010-)^{[dubious – discuss]}

v t e Rick Astley

Studio albums	Whenever You Need Somebody Hold Me in Your Arms Free Body & Soul Keep It Turned On Portrait

Compilations	Together Forever – Greatest Hits and More... Greatest Hits The Best of Rick Astley – Never Gonna Give You Up 3 Originals Love Songs The Platinum and Gold Collection – Rick Astley Artist Collection: Rick Astley Collections Ultimate Collection Playlist: The Very Best of Rick Astley

Remix albums	Dance Mixes 12" Collection

Singles	"Never Gonna Give You Up" "Whenever You Need Somebody" "When I Fall in Love"/"My Arms Keep Missing You" "Together Forever" "It Would Take a Strong Strong Man" "She Wants to Dance with Me" "Take Me to Your Heart" "Don't Say Goodbye" "Hold Me in Your Arms" "Giving Up on Love" "Ain't Too Proud to Beg" "Cry for Help" "Move Right Out" "Never Knew Love" "The Ones You Love" "Hopelessly" "Sleeping" "Keep It Turned On "Lights Out"

Appeared on	"When You Gonna" "Let It Be" "Learning to Live (Without Your Love)" "Can You Feel the Love Tonight"

Record labels	RCA Records Cruz Music

Related articles	Discography Rickrolling Stock, Aitken & Waterman

v t e UK best-selling singles (by year) (1970–1989)

1970: "In the Summertime" - Mungo Jerry · 1971: "My Sweet Lord" - George Harrison · 1972: "Amazing Grace" - The Royal Scots Dragoon Guards Band · 1973: "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree" - Tony Orlando and Dawn · 1974: "Tiger Feet" - Mud · 1975: "Bye Bye Baby" - Bay City Rollers · 1976: "Save Your Kisses for Me" - Brotherhood of Man · 1977: "Mull of Kintyre"/"Girls' School" - Wings · 1978: "Rivers of Babylon"/"Brown Girl in the Ring" - Boney M. · 1979: "Bright Eyes" - Art Garfunkel · 1980: "Don't Stand So Close to Me" - The Police · 1981: "Tainted Love" - Soft Cell · 1982: "Come On Eileen" - Dexys Midnight Runners · 1983: "Karma Chameleon" - Culture Club · 1984: "Do They Know It's Christmas?" - Band Aid · 1985: "The Power of Love" - Jennifer Rush · 1986: "Don't Leave Me This Way" - The Communards · 1987: "Never Gonna Give You Up" - Rick Astley · 1988: "Mistletoe and Wine" - Cliff Richard · 1989: "Ride on Time" - Black Box

Complete list (1952–1969) (1970–1989) (1990–2009) (2010–2029)

Persondata
Name	Astley, Rick
Alternative names
Short description
Date of birth	6 February 1966
Place of birth	Newton-le-Willows, Lancashire, England
Date of death
Place of death

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[edit] 2004–08: Nashville songwriting sessions and Taylor Swift release

[edit] 2008–10: Fearless release, MTV VMA incident and media backlash

[edit] 2010–12: Speak Now release, 13-month world tour and collaborations

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