published: 14 Aug 2007
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Baton Rouge
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Burbank, California
Burbank is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. The estimated population in 2007 was 107,921.
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CBS Television City
CBS Television City is a television studio complex located in the Fairfax District of Los Angeles at 7800 Beverly Boulevard, at the corner of North Fairfax Avenue. It is one of two CBS television studios in southern California — the other is CBS Studio Center, located in the Studio City section of the San Fernando Valley, which houses additional production facilities and the network's Los Angeles local television operations (KCBS and KCAL). The company's West Coast radio production center is located more than a mile away to the south, in the Miracle Mile neighborhood.
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Fort Chaffee
Fort Chaffee Maneuver Training Center is in the northwest Arkansas region adjacent to the city of Fort Smith, located one mile southeast of Fort Smith Regional Airport. The Arkansas River flows eastward along the northern border of the post. Interstate 40 is five miles to the north on the opposite side of the river. Fort Chaffee is primarily used as a training facility by regional National Guard and Army Reserve units as well as active military units from other installations. Fort Chaffee currently houses no active units.
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Fort Smith, Arkansas
Fort Smith is the second-largest city in the U.S. state of Arkansas and one of the two county seats of Sebastian County. With an estimated population of 85,544 in 2009, it is the principal city of the Fort Smith, Arkansas-Oklahoma Metropolitan Statistical Area, a region of 293,063 residents which encompasses the Arkansas counties of Crawford, Franklin, and Sebastian, and the Oklahoma counties Le Flore and Sequoyah.
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Grand Ole Opry
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Hawaii
: For geographic details see Geography and environment or Hawaiian Islands.
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Houston, Texas
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La Crosse, Wisconsin
La Crosse is a city in and the county seat of La Crosse County, Wisconsin, United States. The city lies alongside the Mississippi River.
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Las Vegas Strip
The Las Vegas Strip is an approximately stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard South in Clark County, Nevada. The Strip lies in the unincorporated areas of Paradise and Winchester. Most of "the Strip" has been designated an All-American Road.
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Leroy Anderson
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Memphis, Tennessee
Memphis is a city in the southwest corner of the U.S. state of Tennessee, and the county seat of Shelby County. The city is located on the 4th Chickasaw Bluff, south of the confluence of the Wolf and Mississippi rivers.
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Mississippi
Mississippi () is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States. Jackson is the state capital and largest city. The name of the state derives from the Mississippi River, which flows along its western boundary, which namesake is from the Ojibwe word misi-ziibi ("Great River"). The state is heavily forested outside of the Mississippi Delta area, and its catfish aquaculture farms produce the majority of farm-raised catfish consumed in the United States. The state symbol is the magnolia grandiflora tree.
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Nashville, Tennessee
Nashville is the capital of the U.S. state of Tennessee and the county seat of Davidson County. It is located on the Cumberland River in Davidson County, in the north-central part of the state. The city is a center for the health care, music, publishing, banking and transportation industries, and is home to a large number of colleges and universities.
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New Jersey
New Jersey (, ) is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the northeast by New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware. New Jersey lies largely within the sprawling metropolitan areas of New York City and Philadelphia. It is the most densely populated state in the United States.
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Nike, Inc.
Nike, Inc. () () is a major publicly traded sportswear and equipment supplier based in the United States. The company is headquartered near Beaverton, Oregon, which is part of the Portland metropolitan area. It is the world's leading supplier of athletic shoes and apparel and a major manufacturer of sports equipment with revenue in excess of $18.6 billion USD in its fiscal year 2008 (ending May 31, 2008). As of 2008, it employed more than 30,000 people worldwide. Nike and Precision Castparts are the only Fortune 500 companies headquartered in the state of Oregon, according to The Oregonian.
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Odessa, Texas
Odessa is a city in and the county seat of Ector County, Texas, United States. It is located primarily in Ector County, although a small portion of the city extends into Midland County. Odessa's population was 96,943 at the 2000 census. As of 2009, the population of Odessa was 100,807. It is the principal city of the Odessa, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Ector County. The metropolitan area is also a component of the larger Midland–Odessa, Texas Combined Statistical Area, which had a population of 261,435 as of July 1, 2008. estimate.
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RCA Studio B
RCA Studio B is a noted recording studio in Nashville, Tennessee. Situated at 30 Music Square W and originally known simply as RCA Studios, it became famous in the 1960s for being a part of what many refer to as the Nashville Sound. A sophisticated style characterized by background vocals and strings, the Nashville Sound both revived the popularity of country music and helped establish Nashville, Tennessee as an international recording center.
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San Diego
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Tampa, Florida
Tampa () is a Gulf Coast Bay city in the U.S. state of Florida. It serves as the county seat for Hillsborough County. Tampa is located on the west coast of Florida. The population of Tampa in 2000 was 303,447. According to the 2009 estimates, the city's population had grown to 343,890, making it the 54th largest city in the United States.
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Tennessee
Tennessee () is a U.S. state located in the Southeastern United States. It has a population of 6,214,888, making it the nation's 17th-largest state by population, and covers , making it the 36th-largest by total land area. Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky and Virginia to the north, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, and Arkansas and Missouri to the west. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms the state's western border. Tennessee's capital and second largest city is Nashville, which has a population of 626,144. Memphis is the state's largest city, with a population of 670,902. Nashville has the state's largest metropolitan area, at 1,521,437 people.
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Texarkana, Arkansas
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Tupelo, Mississippi
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Villanova University
Villanova University is a private university located in Radnor Township, a suburb northwest of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, in the United States. Named for Saint Thomas of Villanova, the school is the oldest Catholic university in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
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Viva Elvis
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WELO
WELO (580 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Adult Standards format. Licensed to Tupelo, Mississippi, USA, the station serves the Tupelo area. The station is currently owned by Jmd, Inc..
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African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans, and formerly as American Negroes) are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa. In the United States, the terms are generally used for Americans with at least partial Sub-Saharan African ancestry.
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Al Green
Albert Greene (born April 13, 1946), better known as Al Green, is an American gospel and soul music singer. He reached the peak of his popularity in the 1970s, with hit singles such as "You Oughta Be With Me," "I'm Still In Love With You," "Love and Happiness", and "Let's Stay Together". In 2005, Rolling Stone named him #65 in their list of the '100 Greatest Artists of All Time'. The nomination, written by Justin Timberlake, stated that "people are born to do certain things, and Al was born to make us smile." The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducted Green in 1995, referring to him as "one of the most gifted purveyors of soul music." Green has sold more than 20 million records.
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Ann-Margret
Ann-Margret Olsson (born April 28, 1941) is a Swedish-American actress, singer and dancer whose professional name is Ann-Margret. She became famous for her starring roles in Bye, Bye Birdie, Viva Las Vegas, The Cincinnati Kid, Carnal Knowledge, and Tommy. Her later career includes character roles in Grumpy Old Men, Any Given Sunday, , and The Break-Up. She has won five Golden Globe Awards and been nominated for two Academy Awards, two Grammy Awards, a Screen Actors Guild Award, and six Emmy Awards. On August 21, 2010, she won her first Emmy Award for her guest appearance on .
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B.B. King
Riley B. King (born September 16, 1925), known by the stage name B.B. King, is an American blues guitarist and singer-songwriter acclaimed for his expressive singing and guitar playing.
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Barbra Streisand
Barbra Streisand ( ; born Barbara Joan Streisand, April 24, 1942) is an American singer, actress, director, and songwriter. She has won two Academy Awards, eight Grammy Awards, four Emmy Awards, a Special Tony Award, an American Film Institute award, and a Peabody Award.
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Big Mama Thornton
Willie Mae "Big Mama" Thornton (December 11, 1926 – July 25, 1984) was an American rhythm and blues singer and songwriter. She was the first to record the hit song "Hound Dog" in 1952. The song was #1 on the Billboard R&B; charts for seven weeks. The B-side was "They Call Me Big Mama," and the single sold almost two million copies. Three years later, Elvis Presley recorded his version, based on a version performed by Freddie Bell and the Bellboys. In a similar occurrence, she wrote and recorded "Ball 'n' Chain," which became a hit for her. Janis Joplin later recorded "Ball and Chain," and was a huge success in the late 1960s.
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Bill Black
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Bill Haley
:This article is specifically about the singer. For detailed information about his rock and roll group, see Bill Haley & His Comets.
http://wn.com/Bill_Haley -
Bill Monroe
William Smith Monroe (September 13, 1911 – September 9, 1996) was an American musician who helped develop the style of music known as bluegrass, which takes its name from his band, the "Blue Grass Boys," named for Monroe's home state of Kentucky. Monroe's performing career spanned 60 years as a singer, instrumentalist, composer and bandleader. He is often referred to as The Father of Bluegrass.
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Bo Diddley
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Bob Dylan
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Bob Wills
James Robert Wills (March 6, 1905 – May 13, 1975), better known as Bob Wills, was an American Western swing musician, songwriter, and bandleader, considered by many music authorities one of the fathers of Western swing and called the King of Western Swing by his fans.
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Bobbie Ann Mason
Bobbie Ann Mason (born 1940) is an American novelist, short story writer, essayist, and literary critic.
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Boots Randolph
Homer Louis "Boots" Randolph III (June 3, 1927 – July 3, 2007) was an American musician best known for his 1963 saxophone hit, "Yakety Sax" (Benny Hill's signature tune). Randolph was a major part of the "Nashville Sound" for most of his professional career.
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Candice Bergen
Candice Patricia Bergen (born May 9, 1946) is an American actress and former fashion model.
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Carl Perkins
Carl Lee Perkins (April 9, 1932 – January 19, 1998) was an American rockabilly musician who recorded most notably at Sun Records Studio in Memphis, Tennessee, beginning during 1954. His best known song is "Blue Suede Shoes".
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Cassandra Peterson
Cassandra Peterson (born September 17, 1951) is an American actress best known for her on-screen horror hostess character Elvira, Mistress of the Dark. She gained fame on Los Angeles television station KHJ wearing a black, gothic, cleavage-enhancing gown as host of Movie Macabre, a weekly horror movie presentation. Her wickedly vampish appearance is offset by her comical character, quirky/quick-witted personality, and valley girl-type speech.
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Charles Laughton
http://wn.com/Charles_Laughton -
Cherokee
The Cherokee () are a Native American people historically settled in the Southeastern United States (principally Georgia, the Carolinas and Eastern Tennessee). Linguistically, they are part of the Iroquoian-language family. In the 19th century, historians and ethnographers recorded their oral tradition that told of the tribe having migrated south in ancient times from the Great Lakes region, where other Iroquoian-speaking peoples were located.
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Chet Atkins
http://wn.com/Chet_Atkins -
Chips Moman
Lincoln Wayne "Chips" Moman (born 1936, La Grange, Georgia) is an American record producer, guitarist, and songwriter. The nickname "Chips" is possibly derived from his love of gambling. As a record producer, Moman is known for recording Elvis Presley, Bobby Womack, Carla Thomas, and Merrilee Rush, as well as guiding the career of The Box Tops in Memphis, Tennessee during the 1960s. As a songwriter, he is responsible for standards associated with Aretha Franklin, James Carr, Waylon Jennings, and B. J. Thomas. He has been a session guitarist for Franklin and other artists.
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Chuck Berry
Charles Edward Anderson "Chuck" Berry (born October 18, 1926) is an American guitarist, singer, and songwriter, and one of the pioneers of rock and roll music. With songs such as "Maybellene" (1955), "Roll Over Beethoven" (1956), "Rock and Roll Music" (1957) and "Johnny B. Goode" (1958), Chuck Berry refined and developed rhythm and blues into the major elements that made rock and roll distinctive, with lyrics focusing on teen life and consumerism and utilizing guitar solos and showmanship that would be a major influence on subsequent rock music.
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Cliff Richard
Sir Cliff Richard, OBE (born Harry Rodger Webb; 14 October 1940) is an English singer, musician, performer, actor, entrepreneur and philanthropist, who has sold over 260 million records worldwide in a career spanning 7 decades.
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Colonel Tom Parker
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Connie Stevens
Connie Stevens (born August 8, 1938) is an American actress and singer, best known for her roles in the television series Hawaiian Eye and Maverick.
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Cybill Shepherd
Cybill Lynne Shepherd (born February 18, 1949) is an American actress and former model. Her best known roles include starring as Jacy in The Last Picture Show, Maddie Hayes on Moonlighting, as Cybill Sheridan on Cybill, as Betsy in Taxi Driver and as Phyllis Kroll on The L Word.
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Dave Marsh
Dave Marsh (born March 1, 1950, Detroit, Michigan) is an American music critic, author, editor and radio talk show host. He was a formative editor of Creem magazine, has written for various publications such as Newsday, The Village Voice, and Rolling Stone, and has published numerous books about music and musicians, mostly focused on rock music.
http://wn.com/Dave_Marsh -
Dewey Phillips
"Daddy-O" Dewey Phillips (May 13, 1926 – September 28, 1968) was one of rock 'n' roll's pioneering disk jockeys, along the lines of Cleveland's Alan Freed, before Alan Freed. Starting his radio career in 1949 on WHBQ/560 in Memphis, he was the city's leading radio personality for nine years and was the first to simulcast his "Red, Hot & Blue" show on radio and television.
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Domenico Modugno
http://wn.com/Domenico_Modugno -
Doris Day
Doris Day (born April 3, 1922) is an American actress and singer, and has been an outspoken animal rights activist since her retirement from show business. Day's entertainment career began in her late teens as a big band singer. In 1945 she had her first hit recording , "Sentimental Journey", and, in 1948, appeared in her first film, Romance on the High Seas. During her entertainment career, she has appeared in thirty-nine films, recorded more than six-hundred-fifty songs, received an Academy Award nomination, won a Golden Globe and a Grammy Award, and, in 1989, received the Cecil B. DeMille Award for lifetime achievement in motion pictures.
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Dorsey Burnette
Dorsey Burnette (December 28, 1932, Memphis, Tennessee - August 19, 1979, Canoga Park, California) was an early Rockabilly singer. With his younger brother, Johnny Burnette, and a friend named Paul Burlison, he was a founder member of The Rock and Roll Trio.
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Ed Sullivan
http://wn.com/Ed_Sullivan -
Eddy Arnold
Richard Edward Arnold (May 15, 1918–May 8, 2008), known professionally as Eddy Arnold, was an American country music singer who performed for six decades. He created the Nashville sound in the late 1950s, and had 147 songs on the Billboard country music charts, second only to George Jones. He sold more than 85 million records. Eddy Arnold transcended different musical tastes in country. He served as a role model for future musicians with both his music and his scrupulously moral personal life. A member of the Grand Ole Opry (from 1943) and the Country Music Hall of Fame (since 1966), Arnold ranked 22nd on Country Music Television's 2003 list of "The 40 Greatest Men of Country Music."
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Elvis Presley
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Ernest Tubb
Ernest Dale Tubb (February 9, 1914 – September 6, 1984), nicknamed the Texas Troubadour, was an American singer and songwriter and one of the pioneers of country music. His biggest career hit song, "Walking the Floor Over You" (1941), marked the rise of the honky tonk style of music. In 1948, he was the first singer to record a hit version of "Blue Christmas", a song more commonly associated with Elvis Presley and his mid-1950s version. Another well-known Tubb hit was "Waltz Across Texas" (1965), which became one of his most requested songs and is often used in dance halls throughout Texas during waltz lessons. In the early 1960s, he recorded duets with up-and-coming Loretta Lynn, including their hit "Sweet Thang". Tubb is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame.
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Fats Domino
Antoine Dominique "Fats" Domino (born February 26, 1928) is an American R&B; and rock and roll pianist and singer-songwriter. He was born and raised in New Orleans, Louisiana.
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Floyd Cramer
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Francis Craig
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Frank Ifield
Francis Edward Ifield (born 30 November 1937) is an early Australian-English easy listening and country music singer. He achieved considerable success in the early 1960s, especially in the UK Singles Chart, where he had four Number 1 hits between 1962 and 1963.
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Frank Sinatra
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Frankie Laine
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Freddy Bienstock
Freddy Bienstock (April 24, 1923 - September 20, 2009) was an American music publisher who built his career in music by being the person responsible for soliciting and selecting songs for Elvis Presley's early albums and films.
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Germans
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http://wn.com/Germans -
Glenn Miller
Alton Glenn Miller (March 1, 1904 – missing December 15, 1944) was an American jazz musician (trombone), arranger, composer, and bandleader in the swing era. He was one of the best-selling recording artists from 1939 to 1943, leading one of the best known "Big bands". Miller's signature recordings include In the Mood, American Patrol, Chattanooga Choo Choo, String of Pearls, Tuxedo Junction, Moonlight Serenade, Little Brown Jug and Pennsylvania 6-5000. While traveling to entertain U.S. troops in France during World War II, Miller's plane disappeared in bad weather over the English Channel. His body has never been found.
http://wn.com/Glenn_Miller -
Gordon Jenkins
http://wn.com/Gordon_Jenkins -
Greil Marcus
Greil Marcus (born 1945) is an American author, music journalist and cultural critic. He is notable for producing scholarly and literary essays that place rock music in a much broader framework of culture and politics than is customary in pop music journalism.
http://wn.com/Greil_Marcus -
Hal Wallis
http://wn.com/Hal_Wallis -
Hank Snow
Clarence Eugene "Hank" Snow (May 9, 1914 – December 20, 1999) was a Canadian country music artist. He charted more than 70 singles on the Billboard country charts from 1950 until 1980. This total includes the number 1 hits "I'm Moving On", "The Golden Rocket", "I Don't Hurt Anymore", "Let Me Go, Lover!", "I've Been Everywhere", and "Hello Love" as well as other top ten hits. He is a member of both the Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame and the Music Hall of Fame.
http://wn.com/Hank_Snow -
Hillbilly
Hillbilly is a term referring to people who dwell in rural, mountainous areas of the United States, primarily Appalachia. Due to its strongly stereotypical connotations, the term is frequently considered derogatory, and so is usually offensive to those Americans of Appalachian heritage. However, the term is also used in celebration of their culture by the mountain people themselves.
http://wn.com/Hillbilly -
Howard Hughes
http://wn.com/Howard_Hughes -
Ivory Joe Hunter
For the Motown producer-songwriter, see Joe Hunter
http://wn.com/Ivory_Joe_Hunter -
J. Edgar Hoover
John Edgar Hoover (January 1, 1895 – May 2, 1972) was the first Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) of the United States. Appointed director of the Bureau of Investigation—predecessor to the FBI—in 1924, he was instrumental in founding the FBI in 1935, where he remained director until his death in 1972. Hoover is credited with building the FBI into a large and efficient crime-fighting agency, and with instituting a number of modern innovations to police technology, such as a centralized fingerprint file and forensic laboratories.
http://wn.com/J_Edgar_Hoover -
Jackie Wilson
http://wn.com/Jackie_Wilson -
Jake Hess
Jake Hess (December 24, 1927 - January 4, 2004) was a Grammy Award-winning Southern Gospel singer in the United States.
http://wn.com/Jake_Hess -
James Brown
http://wn.com/James_Brown -
Jean Aberbach
http://wn.com/Jean_Aberbach -
Jerry Lee Lewis
Jerry Lee Lewis (born September 29, 1935) is an American rock and roll and country music singer and pianist. An early pioneer of rock and roll music, his career faltered after Lewis married his young cousin, and he afterwards made a transition to country music.
http://wn.com/Jerry_Lee_Lewis -
Jerry Schilling
Jerry Schilling (born 6 February 1942 in Memphis, Tennessee) is a veteran music industry professional, best known for his association with Elvis Presley since 1954 (see Memphis Mafia). He also managed The Beach Boys briefly and also Presley's daughter, Lisa Marie.
http://wn.com/Jerry_Schilling -
Jim Morrison
http://wn.com/Jim_Morrison -
Jimmie Davis
James Houston Davis (September 11, 1899 – November 5, 2000), better known as Jimmie Davis, was a noted singer of both sacred and popular songs who served two nonconsecutive terms as the 47th Governor of Louisiana (1944–1948 and 1960–1964). He is a member of the Country Music Hall of Fame and The Louisiana Music Hall of Fame.
http://wn.com/Jimmie_Davis -
Jimmy Carter
James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924) served as the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981 and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize, the only U.S. President to have received the Prize after leaving office. Before he became President, Carter served two terms as a Georgia State Senator and one as Governor of Georgia, from 1971 to 1975, and was a peanut farmer and naval officer.
http://wn.com/Jimmy_Carter -
Jimmy Dorsey
James "Jimmy" Dorsey (February 29, 1904 – June 12, 1957) was a prominent American jazz clarinetist, saxophonist, trumpeter, composer, and big band leader. He was known as "JD". He composed the standards "I'm Glad There is You (In This World of Ordinary People)" and "It's the Dreamer in Me".
http://wn.com/Jimmy_Dorsey -
Joel Whitburn
Joel Carver Whitburn (born November 29, 1939; Wauwatosa, Wisconsin) is an American author and music historian.
http://wn.com/Joel_Whitburn -
John Harris (critic)
John Rhys Harris (born 1969) is a British journalist, writer, and critic.
http://wn.com/John_Harris_(critic) -
Johnny Burnette
:Johnny Burnett redirects here; for the baseball infielder, see Johnny Burnett (baseball).
http://wn.com/Johnny_Burnette -
Johnny Cash
http://wn.com/Johnny_Cash -
Jon Landau
Jon Landau (born 1947) is an American music critic, manager and record producer, most known for his association in all three capacities with Bruce Springsteen.
http://wn.com/Jon_Landau -
Judy Spreckels
Judy Spreckels (born 1933) is an American writer, publisher and trial historian. She was a friend of Elvis Presley during the rock 'n' roll singer's rise to stardom.
http://wn.com/Judy_Spreckels -
Judy Tyler
Judy Tyler (October 9, 1932–July 4, 1957) was an American actress.
http://wn.com/Judy_Tyler -
Julian Aberbach
http://wn.com/Julian_Aberbach -
Julie Parrish
http://wn.com/Julie_Parrish -
June Juanico
June Juanico (born 1938) is a former beauty queen and an Elvis Presley fan from Biloxi, Mississippi, whom the famous rock 'n' roll singer dated in 1955 and 1956, for instance, when he took three weeks of vacation after having recorded his songs "Hound Dog" and "Don't Be Cruel" in the studio in Memphis, Tennessee.
http://wn.com/June_Juanico -
Ken Dodd
Dr Kenneth Arthur Dodd OBE (born 8 November 1927) is a British comedian and singer songwriter, famous for his buck teeth, frizzy hair, feather duster (or "tickling stick"), and his catchphrases, often playing on the 'tickled' motif, ex: "How tickled I am!". He works mainly in the music hall tradition, although, in the past, has occasionally appeared in drama, including as Malvolio in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night on stage in Liverpool in 1971; on television in the cameo role of 'The Tollmaster' in the 1987 Doctor Who story Delta and the Bannermen; and as Yorick (in silent flashback) in Kenneth Branagh's film version of Shakespeare's Hamlet in 1996. In total he has sold more than 100 million records worldwide. In the 1960s his fame was such that he rivaled The Beatles as a household name.
http://wn.com/Ken_Dodd -
Kirk Kerkorian
Kerkor "Kirk" Kerkorian (born June 6, 1917) is the Armenian-American president/CEO of Tracinda Corporation, his private holding company based in Beverly Hills, California. Kerkorian is known as one of the important figures in shaping the city of Las Vegas, Nevada and, with architect Martin Stern, Jr. the "father of the megaresort."
http://wn.com/Kirk_Kerkorian -
Kui Lee
Kuiokalani Lee (31 July 1932 – 3 December 1966) was a singer-songwriter, and the 1960s golden boy artist of Hawaii. Lee achieved international fame when Don Ho began performing and recording Lee's compositions, with Ho promoting Lee as the songwriter for a new generation of Hawaiian music.
http://wn.com/Kui_Lee -
Leonard Bernstein
Leonard Bernstein (, ; August 25, 1918 – October 14, 1990) was an American conductor, composer, author, music lecturer and pianist. He was among the first conductors born and educated in the United States of America to receive worldwide acclaim. He was probably best known to the public as the longtime music director of the New York Philharmonic, for conducting concerts by many of the world's leading orchestras, and for writing the music for West Side Story, Candide, Wonderful Town, and On the Town. Bernstein was the first classical music conductor to make numerous television appearances between 1954 and 1989. He had a formidable piano technique and as a composer also wrote symphonies and other concert music. According to The New York Times, he was "one of the most prodigiously talented and successful musicians in American history."
http://wn.com/Leonard_Bernstein -
Leroy Anderson
http://wn.com/Leroy_Anderson -
Lester Bangs
Leslie Conway "Lester" Bangs (December 13, 1948 – April 30, 1982) was an American music journalist, author and musician. He wrote for Creem and Rolling Stone magazines, and has been called one of the "most influential" voices in rock criticism.
http://wn.com/Lester_Bangs -
Lisa Marie Presley
http://wn.com/Lisa_Marie_Presley -
Little Richard
Richard Wayne Penniman (born December 5, 1932), known by the stage name Little Richard, is an American singer, songwriter, pianist, bandleader and recording artist, considered key in the transition from rhythm and blues to rock and roll in the 1950s. The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame web site entry on Penniman states that:
http://wn.com/Little_Richard -
Mariah Carey
Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1970) is an American R&B; singer-songwriter, record producer and actress. She made her recording debut, in 1990, under the guidance of Columbia Records executive Tommy Mottola and became the first recording artist to have her first five singles top the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart. Following her marriage to Mottola, in 1993, a series of hit records established her position as Columbia's highest-selling act. In 1998, Carey received the World Music Awards for becoming the "World's Best Selling Recording Artist of the 1990's" as well as the award for "World's Best Selling R&B; Artist."
http://wn.com/Mariah_Carey -
Marjorie Garber
Marjorie B. Garber (born 11 June 1944) is a professor at Harvard University and the author of a wide variety of books, most notably ones about William Shakespeare and aspects of popular culture including sexuality.
http://wn.com/Marjorie_Garber -
Mark Feeney
Mark Feeney is a Pulitzer Prize-winning arts critic for The Boston Globe. Feeney graduated from Harvard in 1979 and has been working for the paper almost ever since, as a researcher, writer, and editor, in various capacities. Feeney is also the author of the book Nixon at the Movies. In addition, he currently teaches at Yale University and Brandeis, and used to teach at Princeton. He won the 2008 Pulitzer Prize for Criticism for his "penetrating and versatile command of the visual arts, from film and photography to painting."
http://wn.com/Mark_Feeney -
Merle Travis
Merle Robert Travis (November 29, 1917 – October 20, 1983) was an American country and western singer, songwriter, and musician born in Rosewood, Kentucky. His lyrics often discussed the life and exploitation of coal miners. Among his many well-known songs are "Sixteen Tons" and "Dark as a Dungeon". However, it is his masterful guitar playing and his interpretations of the rich musical traditions of his native Muhlenberg County, Kentucky for which he is best known today. "Travis picking", a syncopated style of finger picking, is named after him. He was inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1970 and elected to the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1977.
http://wn.com/Merle_Travis -
Monty Python
Monty Python (sometimes known as The Pythons) were a British comedy group that created the influential ''Monty Python's Flying Circus'', a British television comedy sketch show that first aired on the BBC on 5 October 1969. Forty-five episodes were made over four series. The Python phenomenon developed from the television series into something larger in scope and impact, spawning touring stage shows, films, numerous albums, several books and a stage musical as well as launching the members to individual stardom. The group's influence on comedy has been compared to The Beatles' influence on music.
http://wn.com/Monty_Python -
Mort Shuman
http://wn.com/Mort_Shuman -
Natalie Wood
http://wn.com/Natalie_Wood -
Paul Anka
Paul Albert Anka, OC (born July 30, 1941) is a Canadian American singer, songwriter, and actor.
http://wn.com/Paul_Anka -
Paul McCartney
http://wn.com/Paul_McCartney -
Pee Wee Hunt
http://wn.com/Pee_Wee_Hunt -
Perez Prado
http://wn.com/Perez_Prado -
Perry Como
Pierino Ronald "Perry" Como (May 18, 1912 – May 12, 2001) was an American singer and television personality. During a career spanning more than half a century he recorded exclusively for the RCA Victor label after signing with it in 1943. "Mr. C.", as he was nicknamed, sold millions of records for Radio Corporation of America (RCA) and pioneered a weekly musical variety television show, which set the standards for the genre and proved to be one of the most successful in television history. His combined success on television and popular recordings was not matched by any other artist of the time. A popular television performer and recording artist, Perry Como produced numerous hit records with record sales so high the label literally stopped counting at Como's behest. His weekly television shows and seasonal specials were broadcast throughout the world and his popularity seemingly had no geographical or language boundaries. Como's appeal spanned generations and he was widely respected for both his professional standards and the conduct in his personal life. In the official RCA Records Billboard magazine memorial, his life was summed up in these few words: "50 years of music and a life well lived. An example to all." Composer Ervin Drake said of him,"... [o]ccasionally someone like Perry comes along and won't 'go with the flow' and still prevails in spite of all the bankrupt others who surround him and importune him to yield to their values. Only occasionally."
http://wn.com/Perry_Como -
Peter Guralnick
Peter Guralnick (born December 15, 1943, in Boston, Massachusetts) is an American music critic, writer on music, and historian of US American popular music, who is also active as an author and screenwriter. He has been married for over 45 years to Alexandra. He has a son and daughter, Jacob and Nina.
http://wn.com/Peter_Guralnick -
Priscilla Presley
Priscilla Presley (born Priscilla Ann Wagner; May 24, 1945) is an American actress and businesswoman. She is the ex-wife of entertainer Elvis Presley, and the mother of singer-songwriter Lisa Marie Presley.
http://wn.com/Priscilla_Presley -
Ray Charles
Ray Charles Robinson (September 23, 1930June 10, 2004), better known by his shortened stage name Ray Charles, was an American musician. Ray was a pioneer in the genre of soul music during the 1950s by fusing rhythm & blues, gospel, and blues styles into his early recordings with Atlantic Records. He also helped racially integrate country and pop music during the 1960s with his crossover success on ABC Records, most notably with his Modern Sounds albums. While with ABC, Charles became one of the first African-American musicians to be given artistic control by a mainstream record company.
http://wn.com/Ray_Charles -
Red West
Red West (born 1936) is an American actor, film stuntman and songwriter.
http://wn.com/Red_West -
Reno Gang
The Reno Brothers Gang, also known as the Reno Gang, and nicknamed "The Jackson Thieves" were a group of criminals that operated in the Midwestern United States during and just after the American Civil War. Though short-lived, they carried out the first three peacetime train robberies in U.S. history. Most of the stolen money was never recovered.
http://wn.com/Reno_Gang -
Richard Nixon
Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913 – April 22, 1994) was the 37th President of the United States from 1969 to 1974, having formerly been the 36th Vice President of the United States from 1953 to 1961. A member of the Republican Party, he was the only President to resign the office as well as the only person to be elected twice to both the Presidency and the Vice Presidency.
http://wn.com/Richard_Nixon -
Robert Hilburn
http://wn.com/Robert_Hilburn -
Robert Mitchum
http://wn.com/Robert_Mitchum -
Roy Acuff
Roy Claxton Acuff (September 15, 1903 – November 23, 1992) was an American country music singer, fiddler, and promoter. Known as the King of Country Music, Acuff is often credited with moving the genre from its early string band and "hoedown" format to the star singer-based format that helped make it internationally successful.
http://wn.com/Roy_Acuff -
Roy Hamilton
Roy Hamilton (April 16, 1929 – July 20, 1969) was an American singer, who achieved major success in the US R&B; and pop charts in the 1950s. He is best known for his recordings of "You'll Never Walk Alone", "Unchained Melody" and "You Can Have Her".
http://wn.com/Roy_Hamilton -
Roy Orbison
http://wn.com/Roy_Orbison -
Rudolph Valentino
http://wn.com/Rudolph_Valentino -
Rufus Thomas
http://wn.com/Rufus_Thomas -
Sam Phillips
http://wn.com/Sam_Phillips -
Scottish people
The Scottish people (Scots Gaelic: Albannaich), or Scots, are a nation and ethnic group native to Scotland. Historically they emerged from an amalgamation of the Celtic Picts (east) and the Gaels (west), incorporating neighbouring Britons as well as Germanic peoples such as the Anglo-Saxons and the Norse.
http://wn.com/Scottish_people -
Slim Whitman
Ottis "Slim" Dewey Whitman, Jr. (born January 20, 1924), known professionally as Slim Whitman, is an American country music singer and songwriter, known for his yodeling abilities, highnotes, and crystal-clear vocals. He has sold in excess of 100 million albums in unit sales , with a career spanning seven decades,with numerous successful recordings.He is consistently more popular throughout Europe, and In Particular Britian then his native America.
http://wn.com/Slim_Whitman -
Stephen H. Sholes
Stephen H. Sholes (February 12, 1911 – April 22, 1968) was a prominent recording executive with RCA Victor.
http://wn.com/Stephen_H_Sholes -
Steve Allen
Stephen Valentine Patrick William "Steve" Allen ( – ) was an American television personality, musician, actor, comedian, and writer. Though he got his start in radio, Allen is best-known for his television career. He first gained national attention as a guest host on ''Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts. He graduated to become the first host of The Tonight Show, where he was instrumental in innovating the concept of the television talk show. Thereafter, he hosted numerous game and variety shows, including The Steve Allen Show, I've Got a Secret, The New Steve Allen Show'', and was a regular panel member on CBS' ''What's My Line?''
http://wn.com/Steve_Allen -
Steve Binder
Steve Binder is an American producer and director. He found success behind the camera on influential TV shows showcasing music, like The T.A.M.I. Show and Hullabaloo (from the early 1960s, when Binder was only in his early 20s). He was also influential in creating music programs with racially and ethnically diverse casts, featuring a variety of musical styles.
http://wn.com/Steve_Binder -
Ted Daffan
Theron Eugene "Ted" Daffan (September 21, 1912 - October 6, 1996) was an American country musician noted for composing the seminal ''Truck Driver's Blues and the much covered Country anthem Born to Lose''.
http://wn.com/Ted_Daffan -
Teresa Brewer
http://wn.com/Teresa_Brewer -
Timi Yuro
Timi Yuro (born Rosemary Timothy Yuro, August 4, 1940 in Chicago, Illinois - died March 30, 2004 in Las Vegas, Nevada) was an American soul and R&B; singer. She is considered to be one of the first blue-eyed soul stylists of the rock era.
http://wn.com/Timi_Yuro -
Tom Jones (singer)
Sir Thomas John Woodward, OBE (born 7 June 1940), known by his stage name Tom Jones, is a Welsh singer. Jones is particularly noted for his powerful voice.
http://wn.com/Tom_Jones_(singer) -
Vaughn Monroe
http://wn.com/Vaughn_Monroe
Elvis Filmography
Elvis Filmography
Elvis Filmography
karaoke
Crawled out of the park to eat her took a
Stairwell would I fall to please her
Just to tear this out of my belly forever
Cause I'm still hooked to the light forever
I can do it if you're there
And it's only when you're there
Bless them with the arrogant brandos
Leave your heart stitched in a hundred pieces
If it's not wet then you shouldn't be doing it
She's no bitch she's far too rich
And I can do it when you're there
And it's only when you're there
All these amazing frustrations
Such a perfect celebration
Hardly needs to be said a sensations
Are as perfect as sturbation
Hardly needs to be nailed as frustration
Such a perfect celebration
Hardly needs to be soiled
You wash yourself
You wash yourself
And I wash myself
You wash yourself
End up in a young hair
Curled round with a finger
I can't excuse this
It's all fucked
But if you're there
I can screw it when she's here
I can rule the world six times over
With my head burned out
And my body on hold
I can do it if you're there
And it's only when she's there
All these amazing frustrations
Such a perfect celebration
Hardly needs to be said
All these amazing sensations
Such a virgin celebration
Never needs to be soiled
You wash yourself
You wash yourself
And I wash myself
You wash yourself
The whole world joins the French foreign legion
Get a new suit for the man who discovered Elvis
Was so fat when he died and ascend to heaven
I live here in my watered down Disney baby
With ten million attic clad genius
Abort me cos I have to compete
And maybe one man will eventually spit on mars
Save us
If you're there
Only if she's there
I can do it if you're there
I can do it when she's there
You can screw when she's there
You can screw when she's there
All these amazing frustrations
Such a perfect celebration
Hardly needs to be said
[Ooh these amazing frustrations]
[Such a perfect celebration]
[Hardly need to be said]
Ooh these amazing frustrations
You're a virgin celebration
Hardly needs to be dead
[All these amazing frustration]
[Such a perfect celebration]
[Only needs to be said]
All these amazing sensations
Such a perfect celebration
Hardly needs to be said
[All these amazing frustration]
[Such a perfect celebration]
[Only needs to be said]
Bara skinn & ben
med ett hjärta av tvål
Det får dom solblekta
vackra att se
rött i år
& Ni har borrat små hål
försöker ta Mina tankar
men Jag har pratat
med Elvis
& rört vid Hans hår
Refr:
Jag stjäl tillbaka Min tid
Alla timmar Ni en gång
stal av Mig
En gentleman ett geni
En superhjälte för Dig
På en sekund
är Jag långt härifrån
Jag mäter försprång i ljusår
Jag är redan i mål
& Jag ska borra ett hål
ta tillbaks Mina tankar
Jag har pratat med Elvis
& rört vid Hans hår
I'll go away
I'll go on my wordless way
Don't say anything
Say nothing, just leave me.
I've been merely, an actor
In your painful play.
But I feel too much to stay.
Just cast me out.
You can have the pictures
You can have the jacked up car.
And take the book on meditation
I'll just take home what I brought,
My, big painted velvet Elvis...
Well take it away
Take it all away
Don't leave anything
Leave nothing, except me
'cause I've been sadly misinformed
I thought it mattered a little more than this
I wish I was a thousand miles away...
Well I'm frozen here
Caged in silence
It's better that I
Regret these words
Than to stand aside
And watch your tragic
Storyline unfold...
Just let me go
Well you took my heart
And you took my soul
And you used me,
I've had plenty of that.
It gets harder and harder
And farther and farther
sie seit la mi in rue u tue d'hose wieder zue
wenn är zue're wott
sie drääit sech um u seit mir isch's nid drumm
wüu sie chopfweh hett
sie seit früecher bisch anders gsii
zärtlech lieb u fiin u nid so fett
oder schtang doch mau vor es schpiegu
u frag di was es da no z'rette git
u schnid die cottlett wieder ab
wüu die schtö dr nämlech nid
oder la se drann oder mach was'd wosch
es macht eh ke unterschied
u när schteit sie uf
geit us em zimmer
u leit e platte uf wi geng
uf e elvis schteit sie scho ewig
aber uf ihn schteit sie nümm
me cha säge sie hei's mau schön gha
es isch jaare här aber waar
so mit 14-tägige zungeküss
u nümm us em bett für nes jaar
u dr himu verhange mit ängle
wo gränne vor fröid a irem tribe
u jitz sii d'ängle verschwunde
u si hange da unde
u är weiss dass är nid ma blibe
u me cha säge das isch ganz normau
u es geit aune lüt eso
irgendwenn isch dr ofe us
u irgendweinisch isch zit zum ga
u me cha säge dass aues verbiigeit
u nüt wos git git's für immer
ussert dr elvis - uf dä schteit sie ewig
aber uf ihn schteit si nümm
Slowdown, gagged and bound
You don't know what you've been taking
No sound, dragged around
You came down and you're still faking
Slowdown, gagged and bound
You don't know what you've been taking
No sound, dragged around
You came down......
I found myself on the cold streets of Memphis
Seventeen and looking for Elvis
I tasted oblivion as it shot through the heart
Tripped and crippled, torn apart
Daddy's little junkie offspring
I don't want what they be taking
Here come the dreams and the vapour schemes
Fun-time is real, but I know what it means
This orchestra of thugs was never meant to be...more than static electricity
Take me now
Jimi can't help me now
I found myself on the cold streets of London
Never ever been so in need of someone
Wasted and thin, shot full of hate
Trapped and confused by the moods you create
Here come machines with the take-away dreams
Sometimes its real but it's not how it seems
It's not the way it was ever meant to be
Here come the dreams and the baby screams
Fun-time is real but you know what it means
This comedy of drugs was never meant for me
Take me now
Jimi can't help me now
Here come the dreams and the vapour schemes
Fun-time is real, but I know what it means
It's not the way it was ever meant to be
Here come machines with the take-away dreams
Sometimes I feel like I know what it means
This orchestra of thugs was never meant to be...more than static electricity
Take me now
Jimi can't help me now
Believing I'm still dreaming I saw Elvis in Vegas
Believing I'm still dreaming I saw Elvis in Vegas
Believing I'm still dreaming I saw Elvis in Vegas
Believing I'm still dreaming I saw Elvis...
>>>Insanity on wings as your life falls away / Insanity on wings as your life falls away
>> insanity on wings as your life falls away
>insanity sings now
>>i wish i was clearer / i wish i was lost
i thought i was nearer /i guess that i 'm not /Funny how we all seem
to get in-between her >>well i really was sinking
A thick plush blue carpet at my feet
A peacock stained glass window
Starin' back at me
A nine foot crushed white velvet
Sofa in the hallway
There's a TV in the kitchen
She's cookin' in her panties
Flippin' them little sandwiches
Like she's flippin' her hair
Sure is nice to have someone to hold me
Well I'm the King of kings you see
Now everything you need
Baby, I'm Elvis
(Baby, baby, I'm Elvis)
(Baby, baby, I'm Elvis)
Hahaha
(Baby)
I got a hundred golden records in this one room
I got fifty golden knobs upon my door
I got one black twenty five foot stretch Cadillac
To drive you home, drive you home
Well downstairs there's a room in the basement
(Ahh haa)
It's mostly made of yellow and black
Some folks call it the jungle
I just think it's a nice place to relax
(Haa)
But I'm the King of kings you see
Now everything you need
Baby, I'm Elvis
(Baby, baby, I'm Elvis)
(Baby, baby, I'm Elvis)
(Elvis)
Once a year they all come to see me
I watch them throwin' flowers at my toes
There's a line that stretches down the driveway
Past my plane and ends at the gift shop
Woo ooo
But I'm the King of kings you see
Now everything you need
Baby, I'm Elvis
(Baby, baby, I'm Elvis)
(Baby, baby, I'm Elvis)
But I'm the King of kings you see
Now everything you need
Baby, I'm Elvis
(Baby, baby, I'm Elvis)
(Baby, baby, I'm Elvis)
Baby, baby, I'm Elvis
Baby, baby, I'm Elvis
Platinum and felt acrylics
Skim the paper for the critics
Baby's printing Elvis lyrics
on the copper bar
Late, Motel lounge is singin'
Spotlight on the band that's swingin'
Chateau Marmont memories fading
hope is very far
Elvis where are you when i need you most?
White comp sequin jumpsuit ghost
Pick me up and make a toast
Champagne in the air
Tipping back, his head relaxing
Thank you very much and I'm laughing
All my chantilly lace catchin'
Baby, on the chandelier
Sweeping scents and blue hydrangia
Summer hail and summer stranger
Baby, he's in constant danger
help is very far
You look like a Florida Native
Are you? I said, at the rate of
Slow molasses from the State of
Vermont with the Southern drawl
Elvis where are you when i need you most?
White comp sequin jumpsuit ghost
Pick me up and make a toast
Champagne in the air
Tipping back, his head relaxing
Thank you very much and I'm laughing
All my chantilly lace is catchin'
On the chandelier
He said he come to welcome warn me
Gesture diamond to adorn me
Come to be and see the one and only
For my final year
well thank you
Elvis where are you when i need you most
White comp sequin jumpsuit ghost
Pick me up and make a toast
Champagne in the air
Tipping back, his head relaxing
Thank you very much an' I'm laughing
All my chantilly lace is catchin'
On that chandelier
It's catchin' on that chandelier [x2]
Look into the dark nights
I?m dancing in the shadows with you
There?s a world waiting out there for us to see
Hey, you know
And beneath the starlit blanket
Dreams are made of solid gold
I just wanna be the one to hold you there
When you?re cold, oh
With so many pictures on the walls
Of five billion minds
We just need to take them out sometime
You know and start living these good times
Girl, you know
Decent dreams and pictures
Make you airborne
When you close your eyes
That?s why I wanna fly with you tonight
'Cause no one else, no one else can make the flight like you
So I wanna fly with you tonight
And no one there, oh Lord, oh Lord
I?m obviously indebted to you
By the way that you make me feel
Those ice cold warm heart
Is always gonna be able to turn a dream to real
I say, I?m touching all horizons with you
I got my sights on solid gold
I feel superhuman, baby
You know like the way the marvel
Make man feel in their shows
Now check out what my mind say
Check out what my words say
Check out all my actions
I just want your satisfaction
You know 'cause I wanna fly with you tonight
Oh, no one else, no one else can make the flight like you
So I wanna fly, oh, with you tonight
And make a dreams, make a dreams a real life
I can, oh no, you got to take my hand lady, oh yeah
You understand what I?m saying
And you know we gonna find the ideal destination
I say, I say
[Jimin] Weniriya michyeonna bwa sumi makhyeowa
Onmomi da chunggyeogiya jjirit jjiritae
Balsori ttokgak ttokgak ttokgak
[Seolhyun] Jeomjeom deo
[Jimin] Ttokgak ttokgak ttokttokgak
[Mina] Bwabwabwa baby nannannan ssok ppajyeobeoryeosseo
Hyuhyuhyu baby hahaha hold me hold me now
[Jimin] Naegero ttokgak ttokgak ttokgak
[Seolhyun] Dagawa
[Jimin] Ttokgak ttokgak ttokttokgak
[Hyejeong] Shalalalala shalow shalow nae ireumeul bulleojwo
[Choa] Shalalalala shalow shalow jumuneul georeobolkka
[Choa] Banhaesseoyo elvis elvis meotjaengi elvis
[Yuna] Dugeun dugeun dugeun dugeun geudaen elvis
[Choa] You’re my elvis geudae maeryeoge
[Yuna] Da michyeo oh da michyeo
[All]
Elvis jjiritjjirit elvis jjiritjjirit elvis
Tell me tell me your love
Elvis jjiritjjirit elvis jjiritjjirit elvis
Everybody wink wink
[Chanmi] Bingbingbing baby baengbaengbaeng haneuri doraga
Kungkungkung baby kwangkwangkwang hold me hold me now
[Jimin] Naegero ttokgak ttokgak ttokgak
[Seolhyun] Dagawa
[Jimin] Ttokgak ttokgak ttokttokgag
[Hyejeong] Shalalalala shalow shalow nareul saranghaejwoyo
[Choa] Shalalalala shalow shalow geudaen naui no.1
[Choa] Banhaesseoyo elvis elvis meotjaengi elvis
[Yuna] Dugeun dugeun dugeun dugeun geudaen elvis
[Choa] You’re my elvis geudae maeryeoge
[Yuna] Da michyeo oh da michyeo
[All]
Elvis jjiritjjirit elvis jjiritjjirit elvis
Tell me tell me your love
Elvis jjiritjjirit elvis jjiritjjirit elvis
Everybody wink wink
[Jimin] Neol hyanghan nae desire neon naui fire
I can’t stop thinking about you take me higher
Eeny, meeny, meeny, miny, moe
Naneun nega animyeoneun andoego
Dareun sarameun nae nune deureoojido anheo
Just only you elvis
[Choa] Banhaesseoyo elvis elvis namanui elvis
[Yuna] Bling bling bling bling bitnaneun elvis
[Choa] You’re my elvis geudae sumgyeore
[Yuna] Da chwihae oh da chwihae
[All]
Elvis jjiritjjirit elvis jjiritjjirit elvis
Tell me tell me your love
Elvis jjiritjjirit elvis jjiritjjirit elvis
RELEASE
ALBUMS
- Jailhouse Rock
- All Shook Up
- Hound Dog
- Blue Suede Shoes
- A Big Hunk O' Love
- That's All Right
- Don't Be Cruel
- Tutti Frutti
- Long Tall Sally
- Shake, Rattle and Roll
- Got a Lot O' Livin' to Do!
- Rip It Up
- I Got Stung
- Wear My Ring Around Your Neck
- Mean Woman Blues
- King Creole
- Too Much
- (You're So Square) Baby I Don't Care
- Hard Headed Woman
- Mystery Train
- I Don't Care If the Sun Don't Shine
- Little Sister
- Surrender
- (Marie's the Name of) His Latest Flame
- Poor Boy
- G.I. Blues
- What's She Really Like
- My Baby Left Me
- Trouble
- The Girl Next Door Went a 'Walking
- It's Now Or Never
- Are You Lonesome Tonight?
- Heartbreak Hotel
- One Night
- I Need Your Love Tonight
- (Now And Then) There's A Fool Such As I
- As Long As I Have You
- Any Way You Want Me (That's How I Will Be)
- Love Me
- Blue Moon
- True Love
- Have I Told You Lately That I Love You?
- I Love You Because
- I Don't Care If The Sun Don't Shine
- I'm Counting On You
- That's All Right
- Blue Moon of Kentucky
- Good Rockin' Tonight
- I Don't Care If the Sun Don't Shine
- Milkcow Blues Boogie
- You're a Heartbreaker
- I'm Left, You're Right, She's Gone
- Baby Let's Play House
- I Forgot to Remember to Forget
- Mystery Train
- Heartbreak Hotel
- I Was the One
- Blue Suede Shoes
- I'm Counting on You
- I Got a Woman
- One-Sided Love Affair
- It's Now or Never
- Such a Night
- Fever
- Don't Be Cruel
- A Mess of Blues
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Jailhouse Rock
- Stuck on You
- Teddy Bear
- The Girl of My Best Friend
- Baby I Don't Care
- Dirty Dirty Feelin'
- Blue Moon
- I Gotta Know
- So Glad You're Mine
- That's All Right Mama
- Treat Me Nice
- Have I Told You Lat That I Love You So
- I Forgot to Remember to Forget
- Let's Have a Party
- Suspicious Minds
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Jailhouse Rock
- Love Me Tender
- Don't Be Cruel
- King Creole
- Hard Headed Woman
- All Shook Up
- Hound Dog
- Too Much
- Heartbreak Hotel
- (Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear
- (Let's Have a) Party
- That's All Right
- One Night
- (Now and Then There's) A Fool Such as I
- A Big Hunk O' Love
- Wear My Ring Around Your Neck
- Crying in the Chapel
- Stuck on You
- Wooden Heart
- Viva Las Vegas
- (You're the) Devil in Disguise
- Guitar Man
- A Little Less Conversation
- Harbor Lights
- I Love You Because
- That’s All Right
- Blue Moon of Kentucky
- Blue Moon
- Tomorrow Night
- I’ll Never Let You Go
- I Don’t Care If The Sun Don’t Shine
- Just Because
- Good Rockin’ Tonight
- Milkcow Blues Boogie
- You’re a Heartbreaker
- I’m Left, You’re Right, She’s Gone (slow version)
- Baby Let’s Play House
- I’m Left, You’re Right, She’s Gone
- I Forgot to Remember to Forget
- Mystery Train
- Trying to Get to You
- When It Rains, It Really Pours
- I Got a Woman
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Money Honey
- I’m Counting on You
- I Was the One
- Opening
- Blue Suede Shoes
- That's All Right
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Love Me Tender
- King Creole
- Bossa Nova Baby
- Burning Love
- Memories
- Can't Help Falling in Love
- You'll Never Walk Alone (Piano interlude)
- Suspicious Minds
- Blue Christmas
- Here Comes Santa Claus
- White Christmas
- Santa, Bring My Baby Back (To Me)
- I'll Be Home for Christmas
- Santa Claus Is Back in Town
- O Little Town of Bethlehem
- Silent Night
- If Every Day Was Like Christmas
- O Come, All Ye Faithful
- The First Noel
- On a Snowy Christmas Night
- Winter Wonderland
- The Wonderfull World of Christmas
- It Won't Seem Like Christmas (Without You)
- That's All Right
- I Forgot to Remember to Forget
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Hound Dog
- Don't Be Cruel
- Love Me Tender
- Love Me
- All Shook Up
- Jailhouse Rock
- Trouble
- It's Now or Never
- Are You Lonesome Tonight?
- Little Sister
- Can't Help Falling in Love
- Viva Las Vegas
- How Great Thou Art
- Guitar Man
- If I Can Dream
- In the Ghetto
- Suspicious Minds
- Polk Salad Annie
- An American Trilogy
- Burning Love
- Always on My Mind
- You Don't Have to Say You Love Me
- Wonderful World
- Something
- This Is Our Dance
- Sweet Angeline
- It's Easy for You
- Love Me, Love the Life I Lead
- The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face
- The Fair's Moving On
- Just Pretend
- How the Web Was Woven
- Softly as I Leave You
- My Boy
- I've Lost You
- Girl of Mine
- Let Me Be There
- Let's Be Friends
- Opening
- Blue Suede Shoes
- That's All Right
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Love Me Tender
- King Creole
- Bossa Nova Baby
- Burning Love
- Memories
- Can't Help Falling in Love
- You'll Never Walk Alone (piano interlude)
- Suspicious Minds
- Blue Suede Shoes
- My Baby Left Me
- That's All Right
- Tutti Frutti
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Don't Be Cruel
- Hound Dog
- Jailhouse Rock
- Love Me Tender
- Teddy Bear
- All Shook Up
- Fools Fall In Love
- I Want You, I Need You, I Love You
- Surrender
- It's Now Or Never
- Fever
- King Creole
- Return To Sender
- A Big Hunk Of Love
- Are You Lonesome Tonight
- I Got Stung
- Rip It Up
- Hard Headed Woman
- Good Luck Charm
- Don't
- I'm Gonna Sit Right Down And...
- Paralysed
- Love Me
- Shake, Rattle And Roll
- Ready Teddy
- Long Tall Sally
- I'm A Roustabout
- I Got A Woman
- Just Because
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Hound Dog
- I Got a Woman
- Money Honey
- Tutti Frutti
- Lawday Miss Clawdy
- Shake Rattle and Roll
- I Want You I Need You I Love You
- Don't Be Cruel
- Paralyzed
- Long Tall Sally
- Ready Teddy
- Rip It Up
- Blue Moon
- I Don’t Care If the Sun Don’t Shine
- I'm Counting on You
- My Baby Left Me
- I'm Gonna Sit Right Down and Cry (Over You)
- We're Gonna Move
- Poor Boy
- Love Me
- Any Place Is Paradise
- Love Me Tender
- He Touched Me
- I've Got Confidence
- Amazing Grace
- Seeing Is Believing
- He Is My Everything
- Bosom of Abraham
- An Evening Prayer
- Lead Me, Guide Me
- There Is No God But God
- A Thing Called Love
- I, John
- Reach Out To Jesus
- Only Believe
- Put Your Hand In the Hand
- I Got a Feelin' In My Body
- Help Me
- Don't Be Cruel
- Hound Dog
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Jailhouse Rock
- A Big Hunk o' Love
- Hard Headed Woman
- I Need Your Love Tonight
- Too Much
- All Shook Up
- Got a Lot o' Livin' to Do
- Party
- Mean Woman Blues
- Dixieland Rock
- His Hand in Mine
- I'm Gonna Walk Dem Golden Stairs
- In My Father's House
- Milky White Way
- Known Only to Him
- I Believe in the Man in the Sky
- Joshua Fit the Battle
- He Knows Just What I Need
- Swing Down Sweet Chariot
- Mansion Over the Hilltop
- If We Never Meet Again
- Working on the Building
- (There'll Be) Peace in the Valley (For Me)
- It Is No Secret (What God Can Do)
- I Believe
- Take My Hand, Precious Lord
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Got A Woman
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Hound Dog
- That's Alright Mama
- Blue Moon Of Kentucky
- Long Tall Sally
- I Was The One
- Money Honey
- Baby Let's Play House
- Maybellene
- Good Rockin' Tonight
- Tweedle Dee
- Interview
- In the Ghetto (take 13) (Recorded January & February 1969, at American Sound, Memphis)
- You'll Think of Me (take 8) (Recorded January & February 1969, at American Sound, Memphis)
- Do You Know Who I Am (take 4) (Recorded January & February 1969, at American Sound, Memphis)
- If You Don't Come Back (take 5) (Recorded July 1973, at Stax, Memphis)
- Three Corn Patches (Takes 5 & 6) (Recorded July 1973, at Stax, Memphis)
- Find Out What's Happening (take 7) (Recorded July 1973, at Stax, Memphis)
- It's Midnight (take 11) (Recorded July 1973, at Stax, Memphis)
- Thinking About You (take 3) (Recorded July 1973, at Stax, Memphis)
- You Asked Me To (take 1) (Recorded July 1973, at Stax, Memphis)
- Solitaire (take 7 + Talk From 6 & 7) (Recorded February 1976, at Graceland, Memphis)
- She Thinks I Still Care (Takes 3 & 4) (Recorded February 1976, at Graceland, Memphis)
- Moody Blue (take 6) (Recorded February 1976, at Graceland, Memphis)
- Bitter They Are, Harder They Fall (take 1) (Recorded February 1976, at Graceland, Memphis)
- Love Coming Down (take 4) (Recorded February 1976, at Graceland, Memphis)
- For the Heart (take 5) (Recorded February 1976, at Graceland, Memphis)
- Baby What You Want Me to Do (Recorded Early November 1973, at Sam Thompson's House, Memphis)
- I'm So Lonesaome I Could Cry (Recorded Early November 1973, at Sam Thompson's House, Memphis)
- Spanish Eyes (Recorded Early November 1973, at Sam Thompson's House, Memphis)
- See See Rider (Recorded Early November 1973, at Sam Thompson's House, Memphis)
- That's All Right (Recorded Early November 1973, at Sam Thompson's House, Memphis)
- Don't Be Cruel
- All Shook Up
- (Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear
- Stuck On You
- Can't Help Falling In Love
- Good Luck Charm
- Suspicious Minds
- There Goes My Everything
- Burning Love
- My Way
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Don't Be Cruel
- Hound Dog
- Love Me Tender
- Too Much
- All Shook Up
- (Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear
- Jailhouse Rock
- Don't
- Hard Headed Woman
- One Night
- (Now and Then There's) A Fool Such as I
- A Big Hunk O' Love
- Stuck on You
- It's Now or Never
- Are You Lonesome Tonight?
- Wooden Heart
- Surrender
- (Marie's the Name) His Latest Flame
- Can't Help Falling in Love
- Good Luck Charm
- She's Not You
- Return to Sender
- (You're the) Devil in Disguise
- Crying in the Chapel
- In the Ghetto
- Suspicious Minds
- The Wonder of You
- Burning Love
- Way Down
- A Little Less Conversation (JXL radio edit remix)
- Kiss Me Quick (take 1)
- That’s Someone You Never Forget (take 5)
- I’m Yours (take 4)
- His Latest Flame (rehearsal B take 2)
- Little Sister (takes 1–3)
- For the Millionth and the Last Time (take 1)
- Anything That’s Part of You (takes 4, 5)
- I Met Her Today (takes 8, 9)
- Something Blue (takes 3, 4)
- Gonna Get Back Home Somehow (take 1)
- Easy Question (take 3)
- Fountain of Love (takes 1, 2)
- Just for Old Time Sake (takes 3, 4)
- Night Rider (takes 2, 3)
- You’ll Be Home (take 1)
- I Feel That I’ve Known You Forever (take 1)
- Just Tell Her Jim Said Hello (take 1)
- Echoes of Love (takes 2, 3)
- Please Don’t Drag That String Around (take 2)
- Love Me Tonight (takes 3, 4)
- Western Union (take 3)
- Memphis Tennessee (take 1)
- Ask Me (takes 8, 9)
- Yesterday
- Hey Jude
- Something
- In The Ghetto
- Fever
- Bridge Over Troubled Water
- The Impossible Dream
- If I Can Dream
- Help Me Make It Through The Night
- Green Green Grass of Home
- And I Love You So
- Unchained Melody
- What Now My Love
- My Way
- My Way
- Runaway
- You Don't Have To Say You Love Me
- You've Lost That Lovin' Feelin'
- Sylvia
- Suspicion
- That's All Right
- Baby Let's Play House
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Shake, Rattle and Roll
- Hound Dog
- Don't Be Cruel
- All Shook Up
- Jailhouse Rock
- I Need Your Love Tonight
- Wear My Ring Around Your Neck
- Brue Suede Shoes
- A Mess of Blues
- I'm Coming Home
- (Marie's the Name) His Latest Fame
- (It's a) Long Lonely Highway
- Viva Las Vegas
- You're the Boss
- Fools Fall in Love
- Johnny B. Goode
- Guitar Man
- The Fool
- Faded Love
- Got My Mojo Working
- Burning Love
- Proud Mary
- Promised Land
- T-R-O-U-B-L-E
- For the Heart
- Way Down
- Raised on Rock
- Love Me Tender
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Hound Dog
- Fever
- Jailhouse Rock
- Are You Lonesome Tonight?
- Rip It Up
- It's Now or Never
- Surrender
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Long Tall Sally
- I Was the One
- Money Honey
- I Got a Woman
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Hound Dog
- Baby Let's Play House
- Maybellene
- That's Alright Mama
- Blue Moon of Kentucky
- There's Good Rockin' Tonight
- I Got a Woman (alternative take)
- Tweedle Dee
- Interviews 1955
- Blue Suede Shoes
- I Got a Woman
- All Shook Up
- Love Me Tender
- Jailhouse Rock / Don't Be Cruel
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Hound Dog
- Memories
- Mystery Train/Tiger Man
- Life Story (dialogue)
- Baby What'd You Want Me to Do
- Are You Lonesome Tonight
- Yesterday
- Hey Jude
- Band Introductions
- In the Ghetto
- Suspicious Minds
- What'd I Say
- Can't Help Falling in Love
- The Wonder of You
- I've Lost You
- The Next Step Is Love
- You Don't Have to Say You Love Me
- Patch It Up
- I Really Don't Want to Know
- There Goes My Everything
- Rags to Riches
- Where Did They Go, Lord
- Life
- I'm Leavin'
- Heart of Rome
- It's Only Love
- The Sound of Your Cry
- I Just Can't Help Believin'
- How the Web Was Woven
- Until It's Time for You to Go
- We Can Make the Morning
- An American Trilogy
- The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face
- Burning Love
- It's a Matter of Time
- Separate Ways
- That's All Right Mama
- Good Rockin' Tonight
- Mystery Train
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Hound Dog
- Don't Be Cruel
- Love Me Tender
- Too Much
- All Shook Up
- Mean Woman Blues
- Loving You
- Teddy Bear
- One Night
- Don't Leave Me Now
- Jailhouse Rock
- Baby I Don't Care
- King Creole
- Trouble
- Wear My Ring Around Your Neck
- I Need Your Love Tonight
- A Fool Such as I
- I Got Stung
- Make Me Know It
- Stuck on You
- A Mess of Blues
- Harbor Lights
- I Want You, I Need You, I Love You
- Blue Hawaii
- Jailhouse Rock
- It's Now or Never
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Such a Night
- Baby What You Want Me to Do
- How Great Thou Art
- If I Can Dream
- My Happiness
- That's All Right
- I Love You Because
- Harbor Lights
- Blue Moon Of Kentucky
- Blue Moon
- Tomorrow Night
- I'll Never Let You Go (Little Darlin')
- I Don't Care If The Sun Don't Shine
- Just Because
- Good Rockin' Tonight
- Milkcow Blues Boogie
- You're A Hearbreaker
- Baby Let's Play House
- I'm Left, You're Right, She's Gone
- Mystery Train
- I Forgot To Remember To Forget
- Trying To Get To You
- When It Rains, It Really Pours
- I Got A Woman
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Money Honey
- I'm Counting On You
- I Was The One
- Blue Suede Shoes
- My Baby Left Me
- One-Sided Love Affair
- So Glad You're Mine
- I'm Gonna Sit Right Down And Cry (Over You)
- Tutti Frutti
- My Baby Left Me
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Bleu Suede Shoes
- Hound Dog
- Love Me Tender
- Got a Lot o' Livin to Do!
- Teddy Bear
- I'm All Shook Up
- Don't
- Hard Headed Woman
- King Creole
- Jailhouse Rock
- Fever
- I Got Stung
- One Night
- Don't Be Cruel
- It's Now or Never
- Are You Lonesome Tonight
- Wooden Heart
- Surrender
- That's All Right
- Rock-A-Hila Baby
- Can't Help Fallin' in Love
- Good Luck Charm
- Return to Sender
- You're the Devil in Disguise
- Crying in the Chapel
- Guitar Man
- In the Ghetto
- Suspicious Minds
- What's She Really Like
- Frankfort Special
- Wooden Heart
- G.I. Blues
- Pocketful Of Rainbows
- Shoppin' Around
- Big Foots
- Didja Ever
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Doin' The Best I can
- Are You Lonesome Tonight
- I Gotta Know
- His Hand In Mine
- I'm Gonna Walk Dem Golden Stairs
- In My Father's House
- Milky White Way
- Known Only To Him
- Wooden Heart
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Hound Dog
- Love Me Tender
- Don't Be Cruel
- All Shook Up
- I Want You, I Need You, I Love You
- Jailhouse Rock
- Stuck on You
- Teddy Bear
- Too Much
- Hard Headed Woman
- One Night
- Wear My Ring Around Your Neck
- A Fool Such as I
- Don't
- A Big Hunk of Love
- Are You Lonesome Tonight
- It's Now or Never
- I Got Stung
- I Need Your Love Tonight
- Party
- A Mess of Blues
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Jailhouse Rock
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Tutti Frutti
- Lawdy Miss Clawdy
- I Got a Woman
- Money Honey
- Ready Teddy
- Rip It Up
- Shake, Rattle and Roll
- Long Tall Sally
- (You're a Square) Baby I Don't Care
- Hound Dog
- Stay Away, Joe
- If I'm a Fool (For Loving You)
- Let's Be Friends
- Let's Forget About the Stars
- Mama
- I'll Be There
- Almost
- Change of Habit
- Have a Happy
- Girl Happy
- Spring Fever
- Fort Lauderdale Chamber Of Commerce
- Startin' Tonight
- Wolf Call
- Do Not Disturb
- Cross My Heart And Hope To Die
- The Meanest Girl In Town
- Do The Clam
- Puppet On A String
- I've Got To Find My Baby
- You'll Be Gone
- Roustabout
- Little Egypt
- Poison Ivy League
- Hard Knocks
- It's A Wonderful World
- Big Love, Big Heartache
- One Track Heart
- It's Carnival Time
- Carny Town
- There's A Brand New Day On The Horizon
- Wheels On My Heels
- Kissin' Cousins (Number 2)
- Smokey Mountain Boy
- There's Gold In The Mountains
- One Boy, Two Little Girls
- Catchin' On Fast
- Tender Feeling
- Anyone (Could Fall In Love With You)
- Barefoot Ballad
- Once Is Enough
- Kissin' Cousins
- Echoes Of Love
- (It's A) Long Lonely Highway
- Beyond The Bend
- Relax
- Take Me To The Fair
- They Remind Me Too Much Of You
- One Broken Heart For Sale
- I'm Falling In Love Tonight
- Cotton Candy Land
- A World Of Our Own
- How Would You Like To Be
- Happy Ending
- Trying to Get to You
- Heartbreak Hotel
- I Want You, I Need You, I Love You
- I Got a Woman
- Got a Lot O' Livin' to Do!
- (There'll Be) Peace in the Valley (For Me)
- Trouble
- Hawaiian Wedding Song
- Indescribably Blue
- In the Ghetto
- Suspicious Minds
- I'll Hold You in My Heart (Till I Can Hold You in My Arms)
- Bridge Over Troubled Water
- You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling
- It's Over
- Separate Ways
- Always on My Mind
- My Way
- Burning Love
- Welcome to My World
- Steamroller Blues
- I Got a Feelin' in My Body
- If I Can Dream
- A Little Less Conversation (JXL radio edit remix)
- Make Me Know It
- Fever
- The Girl of My Best Friend
- I Will Be Home Again
- Dirty, Dirty Feeling
- Thrill of Your Love
- Soldier Boy
- Such a Night
- It Feels So Right
- Girl Next Door Went a'Walking
- Like a Baby
- Reconsider Baby
- Stuck on You
- Fame and Fortune
- It's Now or Never
- A Mess of Blues
- Are You Lonesome Tonight
- I Gotta Know (incl. take 1)
- Make Me Know It (take 1)
- Fever (take 1)
- The Girl of My Best Friend (take 3)
- Soldier Boy (take 1)
- Such a Night (take 1)
- It Feels So Right (take 1)
- Stuck on You (take 1)
- Fame and Fortune (take 2)
- It's Now or Never (take 1)
- Are You Lonesome Tonight? (takes 1 & 2)
- Sweet Caroline
- Words
- Suspicious Minds
- I Just Can't Help Believin'
- I Just Can't Help Believin' (reprise)
- Tomorrow Never Comes
- Mary In The Morning
- Twenty Days And Twenty Nights
- You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling
- I Just Can't Help Believin'
- Heart Of Rome
- Memories
- Johnny B. Goode
- Make The World Go Away
- Stranger In My Own Home Town
- I Washed My Hands In Muddy Water
- That's All Right
- I Got A Woman
- The Wonder Of You
- I've Lost You
- The Next Step Is Love
- Stranger In The Crowd
- You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling
- Something
- Don't Cry Daddy
- Don't Cry Daddy (reprise)
- You Don't Have To Say You Love Me
- Polk Salad Annie
- Bridge Over Troubled Water
- I Can't Stop Loving You
- Just Pretend
- 2001 Theme
- Opening Riff / See See Rider
- I Got a Woman / Amen/ Big Boss Man (1 Line)
- Love Me Tender
- You Don't Have to Say You Love Me
- Steamroller Blues
- You Gave Me a Mountain
- Fever
- Love Me
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Johnny B. Goode
- Hound Dog
- What Now My Love
- Suspicious Minds
- Elvis Attacked on Stage
- I Can't Stop Loving You
- An American Trilogy
- Can't Help Falling in Love
- Closing Vamp
- See See Rider
- Steamroller Blues
- You Gave Me a Mountain
- Fever
- What Now My Love (with reprise)
- Theme From 2001 - See See Rider
- I Got A Woman - Amen
- Love Me
- If You Love Me, Let Me Know
- You Gave Me A Mountain
- All Shook Up
- Don't Be Cruel
- And I Love You So
- Jailhouse Rock
- Fever
- America The Beautiful
- Return To Sender
- Band Introductions
- Early Morning Rain
- What'd I Say
- Johnny B. Goode
- Band Introductions
- Love Letters
- Hail Hail Rock & Roll
- Hurt (With Reprise)
- Hound Dog
- Funny How Time Slips Away
- Closing Vamp
- Don't Be Cruel
- Shake Rattle and Roll
- Tutti Frutti
- Blue Suede Shoes
- Hard Headed
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Money Honey
- G.I. Blues
- My Baby Felt Me
- Jailhouse Rock
- Hound Dog
- Teddy Bear
- Long Tall Sally
- Blueberry Hill
- Ready Teddy
- Just Because
- I Got a Woman
- Rip It Up
- Opening
- Blue Suede Shoes
- That's All Right
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Love Me Tender
- King Creole
- Bossa Nova Baby
- Burning Love
- Memories
- Can't Help Falling in Love
- You'll Never Walk Alone (piano interlude)
- Suspicious Minds
- Put Your Hand in the Hand
- Reach Out to Jesus
- He Is My Everything
- There Is No God but God
- I John
- Bosom of Abraham
- Put Your Hand in the Hand
- Raised on Rock
- Just a Little Bit
- If You Don't Come Back
- Three Corn Patches
- Take Good Care of Her
- Find Out What's Happening
- I've Got a Thing About You Baby
- Just a Little Bit
- For Ol' Times Sake
- Raised on Rock
- Reconsider Baby
- Tomorrow Night (Unreleased Sun Master)
- So Glad You're Mine
- One Night of Sin (alternate take)
- When It Rains, It Really Pours
- My Baby Left Me
- Ain't That Loving You Baby (alternate take)
- Such an Easy Question
- Like a Baby
- It Feels So Right
- I Feel So Bad
- Down in the Alley
- Hi-Heel Sneakers
- Stranger in My Own Home Town (Alt take)
- Mess of Blues
- I Want to Be Free
- Merry Christmas Baby (alternate edit)
- Steamroller Blues (Unreleased Live)
- Love Me Tender
- Heartbreak Hotel
- Blue Moon of Kentucky
- Old Shep
- I Forgot to Remember to Forget
- Just Because
- I'll Never Let You Go
- So Glad You're Mine
- You're a Heartbreaker
- I Got a Woman
- Anyway You Want Me
- First in Line
- Paralyzed
- Mystery Train
- I Want You, I Need You, I Love You
- Let Me
Born: ['1935-01-08']
Died: ['1977-08-16']
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Suspicious Mind - Elvis Presley
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:34
- Published: 14 Aug 2007
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 21562014 http://wn.com/Suspicious_Mind_Elvis_Presley
Elvis Presley Jailhouse Rock 1957 colour
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:02
- Published: 13 Jun 2006
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 37881114 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Jailhouse_Rock_1957_colour
elvis presley - always on my mind
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:11
- Published: 14 Jun 2006
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 33362346 http://wn.com/elvis_presley_always_on_my_mind
elvis presley - in the ghetto
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:41
- Published: 11 Apr 2006
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 18113719 http://wn.com/elvis_presley_in_the_ghetto
Elvis Presley - Jailhouse Rock (Music Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:42
- Published: 27 Dec 2007
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 5571758 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Jailhouse_Rock_Music_Video
Elvis Presley - Amazing Grace
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:37
- Published: 01 May 2007
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 18405907 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Amazing_Grace
Elvis Presley - Love Me Tender
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:47
- Published: 02 Feb 2007
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 29543462 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Love_Me_Tender
ELVIS An American Trilogy
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:29
- Published: 26 Oct 2009
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 1200854 http://wn.com/ELVIS_An_American_Trilogy
elvis presley blue suede shoes color
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:09
- Published: 22 Aug 2006
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 10206626 http://wn.com/elvis_presley_blue_suede_shoes_color
Elvis Presley - I just can't help believing
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:38
- Published: 17 Jan 2007
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 2052909 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_I_just_can't_help_believing
In The Ghetto
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:03
- Published: 30 Sep 2006
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 2662621 http://wn.com/In_The_Ghetto
Elvis Presley - Always On My Mind
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:29
- Published: 23 Dec 2008
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 11399753 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Always_On_My_Mind
Elvis Presley If I Can Dream Black Leather Performance
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:49
- Published: 23 Dec 2009
- Updated: 27 Oct 2012
Views: 375859 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_If_I_Can_Dream_Black_Leather_Performance
Elvis Presley-My way
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:57
- Published: 09 Apr 2008
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 3807992 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley-My_way
elvis presley - the wonder of you
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:26
- Published: 21 Jun 2006
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 6264089 http://wn.com/elvis_presley_the_wonder_of_you
Elvis Presley - Wooden Heart
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:07
- Published: 11 Oct 2006
- Updated: 27 Oct 2012
Views: 2758473 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Wooden_Heart
Elvis - Suspicious Minds
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:45
- Published: 14 Jan 2007
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 13307035 http://wn.com/Elvis_Suspicious_Minds
Elvis Presley My Way Death Photos Autopsy Funeral
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:48
- Published: 31 May 2009
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 1034154 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_My_Way_Death_Photos_Autopsy_Funeral
ELVIS Blue Christmas
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:38
- Published: 03 Dec 2009
- Updated: 27 Oct 2012
Views: 1169520 http://wn.com/ELVIS_Blue_Christmas
Elvis Presley - My Way ( Hawaii Rehearsal Concert 1973 )
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:02
- Published: 19 Apr 2009
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 1265346 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_My_Way_Hawaii_Rehearsal_Concert_1973_
Elvis Presley - Help me (With Lyrics)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:53
- Published: 02 May 2009
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 55116 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Help_me_With_Lyrics
Elvis Presley - Today, Tomorrow and Forever (w/ Ann Margret)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:06
- Published: 10 Mar 2008
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 278410 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Today,_Tomorrow_and_Forever_w_Ann_Margret
![Elvis Presley - Viva Las Vegas [Movie Music Video]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121028200150im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/MFw5a5Bp_Pw/default.jpg "Elvis Presley - Viva Las Vegas [Movie Music Video]")
Elvis Presley - Viva Las Vegas [Movie Music Video]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:27
- Published: 09 May 2009
- Updated: 28 Oct 2012
Views: 2680329 http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Viva_Las_Vegas_Movie_Music_Video_
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Elvis Presley - Live 1956, Tupelo's Own (Complete - 6 Tracks - 13 Minutes)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 13:10
- Published: 06 Mar 2011
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Live_1956,_Tupelo's_Own_Complete_6_Tracks_13_Minutes
Elvis Presley- Live in las vegas(5 songs)(1970 video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:40
- Published: 29 Mar 2008
- Updated: 24 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Live_in_las_vegas5_songs1970_video
Elvis Presley - Trying To Get To You (Live)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:00
- Published: 19 May 2010
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Trying_To_Get_To_You_Live
ELVIS PRESLEY - Hound Dog (live on the Milton Berle Show in 1956)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:56
- Published: 13 Jan 2009
- Updated: 26 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/ELVIS_PRESLEY_Hound_Dog_live_on_the_Milton_Berle_Show_in_1956
Elvis Presley Live - My Way
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:57
- Published: 10 Jun 2008
- Updated: 26 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Live_My_Way
Elvis Presley Suspicious Minds Live That's The Way It Is 1970
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:22
- Published: 14 Aug 2011
- Updated: 26 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Suspicious_Minds_Live_That's_The_Way_It_Is_1970
Elvis Presley If I can Dream live 1968
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:08
- Published: 11 Feb 2010
- Updated: 26 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_If_I_can_Dream_live_1968
Elvis Presley Live - Burning Love
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:13
- Published: 25 Jul 2008
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Live_Burning_Love
YouTube Elvis Presley Live Wise men say only fools rush in Black Leather The 68 Comeback Special
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:19
- Published: 25 Feb 2010
- Updated: 18 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/YouTube_Elvis_Presley_Live_Wise_men_say_only_fools_rush_in_Black_Leather_The_68_Comeback_Special
Elvis Presley Live In Tupelo 1956
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:20
- Published: 25 Jun 2010
- Updated: 26 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Live_In_Tupelo_1956
Elvis Presley: Gospel "O Happy Day" (live)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:58
- Published: 20 Jan 2007
- Updated: 24 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Gospel_O_Happy_Day_live
Hound Dog - Elvis Presley (Live 1956 HQ)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:13
- Published: 23 Oct 2011
- Updated: 24 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Hound_Dog_Elvis_Presley_Live_1956_HQ
Elvis Presley Live Concert On Tour 1972 DVD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:44
- Published: 13 May 2009
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Live_Concert_On_Tour_1972_DVD
![Elvis Presley - Promised Land 1974 [Live]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121028200150im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/-A_CrZ6_gPw/default.jpg "Elvis Presley - Promised Land 1974 [Live]")
Elvis Presley - Promised Land 1974 [Live]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:01
- Published: 05 Jul 2009
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Promised_Land_1974_Live_
Elvis Presley Live On Stage Greeting Women Love Me
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:00
- Published: 26 Dec 2008
- Updated: 28 Sep 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Live_On_Stage_Greeting_Women_Love_Me
Celine and Elvis on American Idol Good Quality
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:17
- Published: 30 May 2008
- Updated: 23 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Celine_and_Elvis_on_American_Idol_Good_Quality
Fever - Elvis Presley live!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:40
- Published: 24 Jul 2008
- Updated: 16 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Fever_Elvis_Presley_live!
Elvis Presley - An American Trilogy {live}
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:21
- Published: 13 Jul 2008
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_An_American_Trilogy_live_
elvis presley - live in kansas city 1974 part 1 - with JD Sumner
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:22
- Published: 01 Nov 2008
- Updated: 23 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/elvis_presley_live_in_kansas_city_1974_part_1_with_JD_Sumner
Elvis Presley - Heartbreak Hotel/One Night medley Live 1968
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:58
- Published: 28 Jul 2012
- Updated: 19 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Heartbreak_Hotel_One_Night_medley_Live_1968
Elvis Presley _ An American Trilogy Live (1973
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:46
- Published: 16 Mar 2008
- Updated: 20 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_An_American_Trilogy_Live_1973
Elvis Presley - Sweet Sweet Spirit 1972 live
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:36
- Published: 19 Oct 2006
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Sweet_Sweet_Spirit_1972_live
Elvis Presley - Are You Lonesome Tonight (live 68)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:56
- Published: 23 Jan 2009
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
http://wn.com/Elvis_Presley_Are_You_Lonesome_Tonight_live_68
Vimeo results:
26:31
Legs Of Steel - Nothing Else Matters - OFFICIAL FREE FILM
PRE ORDER THE 2012 Movie here: http://itunes.apple.com/us/movie/hurt-so-good/id555519375
...
published: 25 Oct 2011
Author: Legs of Steel
Legs Of Steel - Nothing Else Matters - OFFICIAL FREE FILM
PRE ORDER THE 2012 Movie here: http://itunes.apple.com/us/movie/hurt-so-good/id555519375
CHECKOUT THE 2012 TRAILER FOR "HURT SO GOOD" - http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v;=sA3uZ0a1G-0
CRANK UP YOUR SPEAKERS AND HIT FULL SCREEN!!!
Legs Of Steel is proud to present their 2011 ski film "Nothing Else Matters" in association with Red Bull Media House, Völkl, Marker, Oakley, Fiat Freestyle Team, Leki, Atomic and Monashee Powder Snowcats.
Filmed, Directed and Produced by Andre Nutini
Executive Producers:
Bene Mayr
Tobi Reindl
Paddy Graham
Thomas Hlawitschka
Featured Athletes: Tobi Reindl, Bene Mayr, Paddy Graham, Thomas Hlawitschka, Sven Kueenle, Fabio Studer, Max Hill, Lucas and Tobi Mangold, Antti Ollila, Oscar Scherlin, Lolo Favre, Elvis Harsheim, Sebi Geiger, Nico Zacek, Tobi Tritscher and Toni Höllwart.
www.legsofsteel.eu - Official Legs Of Steel SHOP - www.downdays.eu/shop/legsofsteel
Check out these bands:
www.totorro.bandcamp.com
http://prettylightsmusic.com/
6:59
MOSS Brigade Day 2 · A posers day
Un recorrido por seis skateparks de Madrid organizado por MOSSbrigade, realizando pruebas ...
published: 31 Mar 2011
Author: Juan Rayos
MOSS Brigade Day 2 · A posers day
Un recorrido por seis skateparks de Madrid organizado por MOSSbrigade, realizando pruebas y competiciones inspiradas en el look y el estilo de skate de los 70`s y 80’s.
Música:
Elvis Perkins - While you were sleeping
4:41
Cirque Du Soleil, Oscar / Цирк дю Солей на Оскаре (2012) HD
Performs at the 84th Academy Awards
.
Выступление канадского цирка Дю Солей на церемонии в...
published: 27 Feb 2012
Author: baks
Cirque Du Soleil, Oscar / Цирк дю Солей на Оскаре (2012) HD
Performs at the 84th Academy Awards
.
Выступление канадского цирка Дю Солей на церемонии вручения премии американской киноакадемии Оскар
26 февраля 2012 года
.
Cirque du Soleil Show for Oscar
.
Cirque du Soleil presented an exclusive performance for the 84th Academy Awards on Oscar Sunday, Feb. 26. The one-time-only event featured the largest Cirque cast ever assembled for a single act.
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More than 50 international artists from Cirque du Soleil productions around the world converged in Los Angeles to bring the showcase to life. The act featured aerialists, Icarian acrobats, hand balancers, dancers and characters from IRIS, A Journey through the World of Cinema along with the 15-member Banquine team from Viva ELVIS in Las Vegas and a hand balancer from Zarkana, direct from Moscow’s Kremlin State Palace Theatre.
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The act was accompanied by music from Academy Award-nominated composer Danny Elfman, who scored the music for Cirque du Soleil’s IRIS, A Journey through the World of Cinema.
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Cirque du Soleil presented the performance as a tribute to the movie theatre experience incorporating signature Cirque acrobatic elements and imagery along with classic film clips.
.
Academy Awards for outstanding film achievements of 2011 were presented on Sunday, Feb. 26, at the theatre at Hollywood & Highland Center, and televised live by the ABC Television Network as well as being televised live in more than 225 countries worldwide.
.
Cirque du Soleil has 5,000 employees, including more than 1,300 performing artists from close to 50 different countries.
3:45
BRUNO MARS [grenade]
director: NABIL
editor: Isaac Hagy
DP: Giles Dunning
producer: Anne Johnson...
published: 10 Nov 2010
Author: nabil elderkin
BRUNO MARS [grenade]
director: NABIL
editor: Isaac Hagy
DP: Giles Dunning
producer: Anne Johnson
Youtube results:
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Photo: WN / Yolanda Leyba
26 Oct 2012
Related topics virgin auctionvirginity auction Advertisement A 20 year-old Brazilian student has sold her virginity for the sum of $780,000 through an online auction on a website simply called Virgins...
Photo: Creative Commons / Neogeolegend
25 Oct 2012
MOSCOW, October 25 (RIA Novosti) - A high-ranking North Korean Army official was reportedly executed with a mortar round for drinking liquor during the 100-day...
Photo: US Navy / MCS2 Justin Ailes
27 Oct 2012
MIAMI (Reuters) - Hurricane Sandy pulled away from the Bahamas on Saturday after killing at least 41 people in the Caribbean, beginning a slow march toward the U.S. East Coast where it threatens to...
Photo: AP / Khin Maung Win
27 Oct 2012
A human rights group has released pictures showing what appears to be the destruction of a western Burmese district riven by ethnic unrest. Human Rights Watch says more than 800 buildings and...
Photo: AP / Robert F. Bukaty
28 Oct 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling Even though Maine's Governor, Paul LePage, apologized for making comments for comparing the Affordable Health Care Act and Internal Revenue Service (IRS)...
Elvis comes and goes and stays
28 Oct 2012
Review Journal
Elvis ol' buddy, I'm confused. You will always be a big part of our town. Where else are you gonna get married by a preacher in a bell-bottom jumpsuit? Still, people around here don't seem too clear about what to do with you. They closed down the big Cirque du Soleil show that was all about you,...(size: 2.5Kb)
The Dallas Morning News
Margaret Ann Hollis was 5 years old when she kissed a king. She was wearing patent leather shoes and a crisp white dress covering layers of petticoats. Silk flowers adorned her tightly curled hair — done up just for the chance to see Elvis Presley as he passed through Dallas on April 19, 1960. On...(size: 5.8Kb)
The Examiner
Related topics IndianaTerre HauteWabash ValleyDecision 2012Elections 2012 Advertisement Richard Mourdock’s candidate brought national attention on the Indiana senate race, but if the press wanted to pay more attention to the candidates running in the race rather than what Mourdock said, they would...(size: 7.4Kb)
All Africa
[New Vision]Until October 31, New Vision will devote...(size: 0.3Kb)
Sacramento Bee
Zombies continue to stagger around everywhere. Locally, they were spotted recently at the Running Dead Zombie Mud Run at Gibson Ranch Regional Park. More broadly, zombies were encouraged to come out of their crypts in the groundbreaking "Night of the Living Dead," horror- meister George Romero's...(size: 8.2Kb)
Viral Video Recap: Funniest Memes of the Week
28 Oct 2012
Mashable
We’re sure there’s been a lot on your mind this week: what to be for Halloween, what type of snacks to stock up on while you wait out Hurricane Sandy or what color iPad Mini to pre-order. So there just wasn’t time to keep up with all the watercooler chit-chat, but you sure did miss...(size: 13.8Kb)
Lofty NYC art venue is not for the faint-hearted
28 Oct 2012
Richmond Times Dispatch
NEW YORK -- Most New Yorkers can only dream of an apartment like this. Spectacular views of midtown Manhattan. An iconic work of art in the living room. Prime Columbus Circle location. That 70-foot climb from the ground floor could be a problem, though. And it couldn't be a long-term lease, or any...(size: 2.6Kb)
Baggett's redemption
28 Oct 2012
STL Today
COLUMBIA, MO. • Mizzou kicker Andrew Baggett was at a low point after missing three field goals against Arizona State, even though snap and holding problems contributed to the rough night. "I was mad, that was the best way to describe it," he said, adding he "drew a line in the sand." Since that...(size: 2.8Kb)
Mizzou kicker finds redemption
28 Oct 2012
STL Today
COLUMBIA, MO. • Mizzou kicker Andrew Baggett was at a low point after missing three field goals against Arizona State, even though snap and holding problems contributed to the rough night. "I was mad, that was the best way to describe it," he said, adding he "drew a line in the sand." Since that...(size: 2.8Kb)
Richmond Times Dispatch
A photographer's curiosity unlocked a window into Richmond history that had been closed for most of the past 50 years. Dean Hoffmeyer, a staff photographer for the Richmond Times-Dispatch, became interested in the images taken by staff photographers here in the 1950s and 1960s. Most of the photos...(size: 3.5Kb)
Stars and Stripes
The Gettysburg Foundation is sponsoring special events this fall to display photographs of the historic Gettysburg battlefield as well as the famous "cyclorama" painting of Northern and Southern troops clashing in the Civil War battle....(size: 5.0Kb)
Iglesias still not a hit
28 Oct 2012
Boston Herald
A year later, Jose Iglesias remains what the [] thought he was. It’s what they still don’t know that concerns them. Having dropped far out of contention last month, the Red Sox gave Iglesias 15 starts over the season’s final 18 games, an audition designed to gauge his readiness to...(size: 5.0Kb)
Sacramento Bee
NEW YORK – Diana Krall says she felt reinvigorated making her new CD "Glad Rag Doll," which gave her a chance to escape the comfort zone of Great American Songbook standards on which the singer-pianist has built her reputation. "It's always exciting to do something where you surprise yourself...(size: 4.6Kb)
For other uses, see Elvis Presley (disambiguation).
"Elvis" redirects here. For other people with this name, see Elvis (given name).
| Elvis Presley | |
|---|---|
 Publicity photo for Jailhouse Rock (1957) |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Elvis Aaron Presley |
| Born | (1935-01-08)January 8, 1935 Tupelo, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Died | August 16, 1977(1977-08-16) (aged 42) Memphis, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Genres | Rock and roll, pop, rockabilly, country, blues, gospel, R&B |
| Occupations | Musician, actor |
| Instruments | Vocals, guitar, piano |
| Years active | 1953–77 |
| Labels | Sun, RCA Victor |
| Associated acts | The Blue Moon Boys, The Jordanaires, The Imperials |
| Website | elvis.com |
Elvis Aaron Presleya (January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977) was one of the most popular American singers of the 20th century. A cultural icon, he is widely known by the single name Elvis. He is often referred to as the "King of Rock and Roll" or simply "the King".
Born in Tupelo, Mississippi, Presley moved to Memphis, Tennessee, with his family at the age of 13. He began his career there in 1954, working with Sun Records owner Sam Phillips, who wanted to bring the sound of African American music to a wider audience. Accompanied by guitarist Scotty Moore and bassist Bill Black, Presley was the most important popularizer of rockabilly, an uptempo, backbeat-driven fusion of country and rhythm and blues. RCA Victor acquired his contract in a deal arranged by Colonel Tom Parker, who would manage the singer for over two decades. Presley's first RCA single, "Heartbreak Hotel", released in January 1956, was a number one hit. He became the leading figure of the newly popular sound of rock and roll with a series of network television appearances and chart-topping records. His energized interpretations of songs, many from African American sources, and his uninhibited performance style made him enormously popular—and controversial. In November 1956, he made his film debut in Love Me Tender.
Conscripted into military service in 1958, Presley relaunched his recording career two years later with some of his most commercially successful work. He staged few concerts however, and guided by Parker, proceeded to devote much of the 1960s to making Hollywood movies and soundtrack albums, most of them critically derided. In 1968, after seven years away from the stage, he returned to live performance in a celebrated comeback television special that led to an extended Las Vegas concert residency and a string of profitable tours. In 1973 Presley staged the first concert broadcast globally via satellite, Aloha from Hawaii, seen by approximately 1.5 billion viewers. Prescription drug abuse severely compromised his health, and he died suddenly in 1977 at the age of 42.
Presley is regarded as one of the most important figures of 20th-century popular culture. He had a versatile voice and unusually wide success encompassing many genres, including country, pop ballads, gospel, and blues. He is the best-selling solo artist in the history of popular music.[1][2][3][4] Nominated for 14 competitive Grammys, he won three, and received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award at age 36. He has been inducted into multiple music halls of fame.
Life and career[link]
Early years (1935–53)[link]
Childhood in Tupelo[link]
Elvis Presley was born on January 8, 1935, in Tupelo, Mississippi, to 18-year-old Vernon Elvis and 22-year-old Gladys Love Presley.[5] In the two-room shotgun house built by his father in readiness for the birth, Jesse Garon Presley, his identical twin brother, was delivered 35 minutes before him, stillborn. As an only child, Presley became close to both parents and formed an unusually tight bond with his mother. The family attended an Assembly of God church where he found his initial musical inspiration.[6]
Presley's ancestry was primarily a Western European mix: On his mother's side, he was Scots-Irish, with some French Norman; one of Gladys's great-great-grandmothers was Cherokee.[7]b His father's forebears were of Scottish[8] or German[9] origin. Gladys was regarded by relatives and friends as the dominant member of the small family. Vernon moved from one odd job to the next, evidencing little ambition.[10][11] The family often relied on help from neighbors and government food assistance. In 1938, they lost their home after Vernon was found guilty of altering a check written by the landowner. He was jailed for eight months, and Gladys and Elvis moved in with relatives.[12]
In September 1941, Presley entered first grade at East Tupelo Consolidated, where his instructors regarded him as "average".[13] He was encouraged to enter a singing contest after impressing his schoolteacher with a rendition of Red Foley's country song "Old Shep" during morning prayers. The contest, held at the Mississippi-Alabama Fair and Dairy Show on October 3, 1945, saw his first public performance: dressed as a cowboy, the ten-year-old Presley stood on a chair to reach the microphone and sang "Old Shep". He recalled placing fifth.[14] A few months later, Presley received his first guitar for his birthday; he had hoped for something else—by different accounts, either a bicycle or a rifle.[15][16] Over the following year, he received basic guitar lessons from two of his uncles and the new pastor at the family's church. Presley recalled, "I took the guitar, and I watched people, and I learned to play a little bit. But I would never sing in public. I was very shy about it."[17]
Entering a new school, Milam, for sixth grade in September 1946, Presley was regarded as a loner. The following year, he began bringing his guitar in on a daily basis. He played and sang during lunchtime, and was often teased as a "trashy" kid who played hillbilly music. The family was by then living in a largely African American neighborhood.[18] A devotee of Mississippi Slim's show on the Tupelo radio station WELO, Presley was described as "crazy about music" by Slim's younger brother, a classmate of Presley's, who often took him in to the station. Slim supplemented Presley's guitar tuition by demonstrating chord techniques.[19] When his protégé was 12 years old, Slim scheduled him for two on-air performances. Presley was overcome by stage fright the first time, but succeeded in performing the following week.[20]
Teenage life in Memphis[link]
In November 1948, the family moved to Memphis, Tennessee. After residing for nearly a year in rooming houses, they were granted a two-bedroom apartment in the public housing complex known as the Courts.[21] Enrolled at Humes High School, Presley received only a C in music in eighth grade. When his music teacher told him he had no aptitude for singing, he brought in his guitar the next day and sang a recent hit, "Keep Them Cold Icy Fingers Off Me", in an effort to prove otherwise. A classmate later recalled that the teacher "agreed that Elvis was right when he said that she didn't appreciate his kind of singing."[22] He was generally too shy to perform openly, and was occasionally bullied by classmates who viewed him as a "mama's boy".[23] In 1950, he began practicing guitar regularly under the tutelage of Jesse Lee Denson, a neighbor two-and-a-half years his senior. They and three other boys—including two future rockabilly pioneers, brothers Dorsey and Johnny Burnette—formed a loose musical collective that played frequently around the Courts.[24] That September, he began ushering at Loew's State Theater.[25] Other jobs followed during his school years: Precision Tool, Loew's again, and MARL Metal Products.[26]
During his junior year, Presley began to stand out more among his classmates, largely because of his appearance: he grew out his sideburns and styled his hair with rose oil and Vaseline. On his own time, he would head down to Beale Street, the heart of Memphis's thriving blues scene, and gaze longingly at the wild, flashy clothes in the windows of Lansky Brothers. By his senior year, he was wearing them.[27] Overcoming his reticence about performing outside the Courts, he competed in Humes's Annual "Minstrel" show in April 1953. Singing and playing guitar, he opened with "Till I Waltz Again with You", a recent hit for Teresa Brewer. Presley recalled that the performance did much for his reputation: "I wasn't popular in school ... I failed music—only thing I ever failed. And then they entered me in this talent show ... when I came onstage I heard people kind of rumbling and whispering and so forth, 'cause nobody knew I even sang. It was amazing how popular I became after that."[28]
Presley, who never received formal music training or learned to read music, studied and played by ear. He frequented record stores with jukeboxes and listening booths. He knew all of Hank Snow's songs[29] and he loved records by other country singers such as Roy Acuff, Ernest Tubb, Ted Daffan, Jimmie Rodgers, Jimmie Davis, and Bob Wills.[30] The Southern Gospel singer Jake Hess, one of his favorite performers, was a significant influence on his ballad-singing style.[31][32] He was a regular audience member at the monthly All-Night Singings downtown, where many of the white gospel groups that performed reflected the influence of African American spiritual music.[33] He adored the music of black gospel singer Sister Rosetta Tharpe.[30] Like some of his peers, he may have attended blues venues—of necessity, in the segregated South, only on nights designated for exclusively white audiences.[34] He certainly listened to the regional radio stations that played "race records": spirituals, blues, and the modern, backbeat-heavy sound of rhythm and blues.[35] Many of his future recordings were inspired by local African American musicians such as Arthur Crudup and Rufus Thomas.[36][37] B.B. King recalled that he knew Presley before he was popular when they both used to frequent Beale Street.[38] By the time he graduated high school in June 1953, Presley had already singled out music as his future.[39][40]
First recordings (1953–55)[link]
Sam Phillips and Sun Records[link]
See also: Elvis Presley's Sun recordings
In August 1953, Presley walked into the offices of Sun Records. He aimed to pay for a few minutes of studio time to record a two-sided acetate disc: "My Happiness" and "That's When Your Heartaches Begin". He would later claim he intended the record as a gift for his mother, or was merely interested in what he "sounded like", though there was a much cheaper, amateur record-making service at a nearby general store. Biographer Peter Guralnick argues that he chose Sun in the hope of being discovered. Asked by receptionist Marion Keisker what kind of singer he was, Presley responded, "I sing all kinds." When she pressed him on whom he sounded like, he repeatedly answered, "I don't sound like nobody." After he recorded, Sun boss Sam Phillips asked Keisker to note down the young man's name, which she did along with her own commentary: "Good ballad singer. Hold."[41] Presley cut a second acetate in January 1954—"I'll Never Stand In Your Way" and "It Wouldn't Be the Same Without You"—but again nothing came of it.[42]
Not long after, he failed an audition for a local vocal quartet, the Songfellows. He explained to his father, "They told me I couldn't sing."[43] Songfellow Jim Hamill later claimed that he was turned down because he did not demonstrate an ear for harmony at the time.[44] In April, Presley began working for the Crown Electric company as a truck driver.[45] His friend Ronnie Smith, after playing a few local gigs with him, suggested he contact Eddie Bond, leader of Smith's professional band, which had an opening for a vocalist. Bond rejected him after a tryout, advising Presley to stick to truck driving "because you're never going to make it as a singer."[46]
Phillips, meanwhile, was always on the lookout for someone who could bring the sound of the black musicians on whom Sun focused to a broader audience. As Keisker reported, "Over and over I remember Sam saying, 'If I could find a white man who had the Negro sound and the Negro feel, I could make a billion dollars.'"[47] In June, he acquired a demo recording of a ballad, "Without You", that he thought might suit the teenaged singer. Presley came by the studio, but was unable to do it justice. Despite this, Phillips asked Presley to sing as many numbers as he knew. He was sufficiently affected by what he heard to invite two local musicians, guitarist Winfield "Scotty" Moore and upright bass player Bill Black, to work something up with Presley for a recording session.[48]
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Presley transformed not only the sound but the emotion of the song, turning what had been written as a "lament for a lost love into a satisfied declaration of independence."[49]
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The session, held the evening of July 5, proved entirely unfruitful until late in the night. As they were about to give up and go home, Presley took his guitar and launched into a 1946 blues number, Arthur Crudup's "That's All Right". Moore recalled, "All of a sudden, Elvis just started singing this song, jumping around and acting the fool, and then Bill picked up his bass, and he started acting the fool, too, and I started playing with them. Sam, I think, had the door to the control booth open ... he stuck his head out and said, 'What are you doing?' And we said, 'We don't know.' 'Well, back up,' he said, 'try to find a place to start, and do it again.'" Phillips quickly began taping; this was the sound he had been looking for.[50] Three days later, popular Memphis DJ Dewey Phillips played "That's All Right" on his Red, Hot, and Blue show.[51] Listeners began phoning in, eager to find out who the singer was. The interest was such that Phillips played the record repeatedly during the last two hours of his show. Interviewing Presley on-air, Phillips asked him what high school he attended in order to clarify his color for the many callers who had assumed he was black.[52] During the next few days the trio recorded a bluegrass number, Bill Monroe's "Blue Moon of Kentucky", again in a distinctive style and employing a jury-rigged echo effect that Sam Phillips dubbed "slapback". A single was pressed with "That's All Right" on the A side and "Blue Moon of Kentucky" on the reverse.[53]
Early live performances and signing to RCA[link]
The trio played publicly for the first time on July 17 at the Bon Air club—Presley still sporting his child-size guitar.[54] At the end of the month, they appeared at the Overton Park Shell, with Slim Whitman headlining. A combination of his strong response to rhythm and nervousness at playing before a large crowd led Presley to shake his legs as he performed: his wide-cut pants emphasized his movements, causing young women in the audience to start screaming.[55] Moore recalled, "During the instrumental parts he would back off from the mike and be playing and shaking, and the crowd would just go wild".[56] Black, a natural showman, whooped and rode his bass, hitting double licks that Presley would later remember as "really a wild sound, like a jungle drum or something".[56] Soon after, Moore and Black quit their old band to play with Presley regularly, and DJ and promoter Bob Neal became the trio's manager. From August through October, they played frequently at the Eagle's Nest club and returned to Sun Studio for more recording sessions,[57] and Presley quickly grew more confident on stage. According to Moore, "His movement was a natural thing, but he was also very conscious of what got a reaction. He'd do something one time and then he would expand on it real quick."[58] Presley made what would be his only appearance on Nashville's Grand Ole Opry on October 2; after a polite audience response, Opry manager Jim Denny told Phillips that his singer was "not bad" but did not suit the program.[59] Two weeks later, Presley was booked on Louisiana Hayride, the Opry's chief, and more adventurous, rival. The Shreveport-based show was broadcast to 198 radio stations in 28 states. Presley had another attack of nerves during the first set, which drew a muted reaction. A more composed and energetic second set inspired an enthusiastic response.[60] House drummer D.J. Fontana brought a new element, complementing Presley's movements with accented beats that he had mastered playing in strip clubs.[61] Soon after the show, the Hayride engaged Presley for a year's worth of Saturday-night appearances. Trading in his old guitar for $8 (and seeing it promptly dispatched to the garbage), he purchased a Martin instrument for $175, and his trio began playing in new locales including Houston, Texas, and Texarkana, Arkansas.[62]
By early 1955, Presley's regular Hayride appearances, constant touring, and well-received record releases had made him a substantial regional star, from Tennessee to West Texas. In January, Neal signed a formal management contract with Presley and brought the singer to the attention of Colonel Tom Parker, whom he considered the best promoter in the music business. Parker—Dutch-born, though he claimed to be from West Virginia—had acquired an honorary colonel's commission from country singer turned Louisiana governor Jimmie Davis. Having successfully managed top country star Eddy Arnold, he was now working with the new number one country singer, Hank Snow. Parker booked Presley on Snow's February tour.[63][64] When the tour reached Odessa, Texas, a 19-year-old Roy Orbison saw Presley for the first time: "His energy was incredible, his instinct was just amazing. ... I just didn't know what to make of it. There was just no reference point in the culture to compare it."[29] Presley made his television debut on March 3 on the KSLA-TV broadcast of Louisiana Hayride. Soon after, he failed an audition for Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts on the CBS television network. By August, Sun had released ten sides credited to "Elvis Presley, Scotty and Bill"; on the latest recordings, the trio were joined by a drummer. Some of the songs, like "That's All Right", were in what one Memphis journalist described as the "R&B idiom of negro field jazz"; others, like "Blue Moon of Kentucky", were "more in the country field", "but there was a curious blending of the two different musics in both".[65] This blend of styles made it difficult for Presley's music to find radio airplay. According to Neal, many country music disc jockeys would not play it because he sounded too much like a black artist and none of the rhythm and blues stations would touch him because "he sounded too much like a hillbilly."[66] The blend came to be known as rockabilly. At the time, Presley was variously billed as "The King of Western Bop", "The Hillbilly Cat", and "The Memphis Flash".[67]
Presley renewed Neal's management contract in August 1955, simultaneously appointing Parker as his special adviser.[68] The group maintained an extensive touring schedule throughout the second half of the year.[69] Neal recalled, "It was almost frightening, the reaction that came to Elvis from the teenaged boys. So many of them, through some sort of jealousy, would practically hate him. There were occasions in some towns in Texas when we'd have to be sure to have a police guard because somebody'd always try to take a crack at him. They'd get a gang and try to waylay him or something."[70] The trio became a quartet when Hayride drummer Fontana joined as a full member. In mid-October, they played a few shows in support of Bill Haley, whose "Rock Around the Clock" had been a number one hit the previous year. Haley observed that Presley had a natural feel for rhythm, and advised him to sing fewer ballads.[71]
At the Country Disc Jockey Convention in early November, Presley was voted the year's most promising male artist.[72] Several record companies had by now shown interest in signing him. After three major labels made offers of up to $25,000, Parker and Phillips struck a deal with RCA Victor on November 21 to acquire Presley's Sun contract for an unprecedented $40,000.[73]c Presley, at 20, was still a minor, so his father signed the contract.[74] Parker arranged with the owners of Hill and Range Publishing, Jean and Julian Aberbach, to create two entities, Elvis Presley Music and Gladys Music, to handle all of the new material recorded by Presley. Songwriters were obliged to forego one third of their customary royalties in exchange for having him perform their compositions.[75]d By December, RCA had begun to heavily promote its new singer, and before month's end had reissued many of his Sun recordings.[76]
Commercial breakout and controversy (1956–58)[link]
First national TV appearances and debut album[link]
File:Elvispresleydebutalbum.jpeg
The "iconic cover" of Presley's 1956 debut album[77] featuring a photo taken July 31, 1955, in Tampa, Florida[78]
On January 10, 1956, Presley made his first recordings for RCA in Nashville.[79] Extending the singer's by now customary backup of Moore, Black, and Fontana, RCA enlisted pianist Floyd Cramer, guitarist Chet Atkins, and three background singers, including Gordon Stoker of the popular Jordanaires quartet, to fill out the sound.[80] The session produced the moody, unusual "Heartbreak Hotel", released as a single on January 27.[79] Parker finally brought Presley to national television, booking him on CBS's Stage Show for six appearances over two months. The program, produced in New York, was hosted on alternate weeks by big band leaders and brothers Tommy and Jimmy Dorsey. After his first appearance, on January 28, Presley stayed in town to record at RCA's New York studio. The sessions yielded eight songs, including a cover of Carl Perkins' rockabilly anthem "Blue Suede Shoes". In February, Presley's "I Forgot to Remember to Forget", a Sun recording initially released the previous August, reached the top of the Billboard country chart.[81] Neal's contract was terminated and, on March 2, Parker became Presley's manager.[82]
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Presley exhorts guitarist Scotty Moore during his break. "Let's go, cat!" was in the Perkins original. "Aw, walk the dog!" is all Elvis.
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RCA Victor released Presley's self-titled debut album on March 23. Joined by five previously unreleased Sun recordings, its seven recently recorded tracks were of a broad variety. There were two country songs and a bouncy pop tune. The others would centrally define the evolving sound of rock and roll: "Blue Suede Shoes"—"an improvement over Perkins' in almost every way", according to critic Robert Hilburn—and three R&B numbers that had been part of Presley's stage repertoire for some time, covers of Little Richard, Ray Charles, and The Drifters. As described by Hilburn, these "were the most revealing of all. Unlike many white artists ... who watered down the gritty edges of the original R&B versions of songs in the '50s, Presley reshaped them. He not only injected the tunes with his own vocal character but also made guitar, not piano, the lead instrument in all three cases."[83] It became the first rock and roll album to top the Billboard chart, a position it held for 10 weeks.[79] While Presley was not an innovative instrumentalist like Moore or contemporary African American rockers Bo Diddley and Chuck Berry, cultural historian Gilbert B. Rodman argues that the album's cover image, "of Elvis having the time of his life on stage with a guitar in his hands played a crucial role in positioning the guitar...as the instrument that best captured the style and spirit of this new music."[84]
[edit] Milton Berle Show and "Hound Dog"
Presley made the first of two appearances on NBC's Milton Berle Show on April 3. His performance, on the deck of the USS Hancock in San Diego, prompted cheers and screams from an audience of sailors and their dates.[85] A few days later, a flight taking Presley and his band to Nashville for a recording session left all three badly shaken when an engine died and the plane almost went down over Arkansas.[86] Twelve weeks after its original release, "Heartbreak Hotel" became Presley's first number one pop hit. In late April, Presley began a two-week residency at the New Frontier Hotel and Casino on the Las Vegas Strip. The shows were poorly received by the conservative, middle-aged hotel guests—"like a jug of corn liquor at a champagne party", wrote a critic for Newsweek.[87] Amid his Vegas tenure, Presley, who had serious acting ambitions, signed a seven-year contract with Paramount Pictures.[88] He began a tour of the Midwest in mid-May, taking in 15 cities in as many days.[89] He had attended several shows by Freddie Bell and the Bellboys in Vegas, and was struck by their cover of "Hound Dog", a hit in 1953 for blues singer Big Mama Thornton by songwriters Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller. It became the new closing number of his act.[90] After a show in La Crosse, Wisconsin, an urgent message on the letterhead of the local Catholic diocese's newspaper was sent to FBI director J. Edgar Hoover. It warned that "Presley is a definite danger to the security of the United States. ... [His] actions and motions were such as to rouse the sexual passions of teenaged youth. ... After the show, more than 1,000 teenagers tried to gang into Presley's room at the auditorium. ... Indications of the harm Presley did just in La Crosse were the two high school girls ... whose abdomen and thigh had Presley's autograph."[91]
The second Milton Berle Show appearance came on June 5 at NBC's Hollywood studio, amid another hectic tour. Berle persuaded the singer to leave his guitar backstage, advising, "Let 'em see you, son."[92] During the performance, Presley abruptly halted an uptempo rendition of "Hound Dog" with a wave of his arm and launched into a slow, grinding version accentuated with energetic, exaggerated body movements.[92] Presley's gyrations created a storm of controversy.[93] Television critics were outraged: Jack Gould of The New York Times wrote, "Mr. Presley has no discernible singing ability. ... His phrasing, if it can be called that, consists of the stereotyped variations that go with a beginner's aria in a bathtub. ... His one specialty is an accented movement of the body ... primarily identified with the repertoire of the blond bombshells of the burlesque runway."[94] Ben Gross of the New York Daily News opined that popular music "has reached its lowest depths in the 'grunt and groin' antics of one Elvis Presley. ... Elvis, who rotates his pelvis ... gave an exhibition that was suggestive and vulgar, tinged with the kind of animalism that should be confined to dives and bordellos".[95] Ed Sullivan, whose own variety show was the nation's most popular, declared him "unfit for family viewing".[96] To Presley's displeasure, he soon found himself being referred to as "Elvis the Pelvis", which he called "one of the most childish expressions I ever heard, comin' from an adult."[97]
[edit] Steve Allen Show and first Sullivan appearance
The Berle shows drew such high ratings that Presley was booked for a July 1 appearance on NBC's Steve Allen Show in New York. Allen, no fan of rock and roll, introduced a "new Elvis" in a white bow tie and black tails. Presley sang "Hound Dog" for less than a minute to a basset hound wearing a top hat and bow tie. As described by television historian Jake Austen, "Allen thought Presley was talentless and absurd... [he] set things up so that Presley would show his contrition".[98] Allen, for his part, later wrote that he found Presley's "strange, gangly, country-boy charisma, his hard-to-define cuteness, and his charming eccentricity intriguing" and simply worked the singer into the customary "comedy fabric" of his program.[99] Presley would refer back to the Allen show as the most ridiculous performance of his career.[100] Later that night, he appeared on Hy Gardner Calling, a popular local TV show. Pressed on whether he had learned anything from the criticism to which he was being subjected, Presley responded, "No, I haven't, I don't feel like I'm doing anything wrong. ... I don't see how any type of music would have any bad influence on people when it's only music. ... I mean, how would rock 'n' roll music make anyone rebel against their parents?"[95]
The next day, Presley recorded "Hound Dog", along with "Any Way You Want Me" and "Don't Be Cruel". The Jordanaires sang harmony, as they had on The Steve Allen Show; they would work with Presley through the 1960s. A few days later, the singer made an outdoor concert appearance in Memphis at which he announced, "You know, those people in New York are not gonna change me none. I'm gonna show you what the real Elvis is like tonight."[101] In August, a judge in Jacksonville, Florida, ordered Presley to tame his act. Throughout the following performance, he largely kept still, except for wiggling his little finger suggestively in mockery of the order.[102] The single pairing "Don't Be Cruel" with "Hound Dog" ruled the top of the charts for 11 weeks—a mark that would not be surpassed for 36 years.[103] Recording sessions for Presley's second album took place in Hollywood during the first week of September. Leiber and Stoller, the writers of "Hound Dog", contributed "Love Me".[104]
Allen's show with Presley had, for the first time, beaten CBS's Ed Sullivan Show in the ratings. Sullivan, despite his June pronouncement, booked the singer for three appearances for an unprecedented $50,000.[105] The first, on September 9, 1956, was seen by approximately 60 million viewers—a record 82.6 percent of the television audience.[106] Actor Charles Laughton hosted the show, filling in while Sullivan recuperated from a car accident.[96] Presley appeared in two segments that night from CBS Television City in Los Angeles. According to Elvis legend, Presley was shot only from the waist up. Watching clips of the Allen and Berle shows with his producer, Sullivan had opined that Presley "got some kind of device hanging down below the crotch of his pants–so when he moves his legs back and forth you can see the outline of his cock. ... I think it's a Coke bottle. ... We just can't have this on a Sunday night. This is a family show!"[107] Sullivan publicly told TV Guide, "As for his gyrations, the whole thing can be controlled with camera shots."[105] In fact, Presley was shown head-to-toe in the first and second shows. Though the camerawork was relatively discreet during his debut, with leg-concealing closeups when he danced, the studio audience reacted in customary style: screaming.[108][109] Presley's performance of his forthcoming single, the ballad "Love Me Tender", prompted a record-shattering million advance orders.[110] More than any other single event, it was this first appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show that made Presley a national celebrity of barely precedented proportions.[96]
Accompanying Presley's rise to fame, a cultural shift was taking place that he both helped inspire and came to symbolize. Igniting the "biggest pop craze since Glenn Miller and Frank Sinatra ... Presley brought rock'n'roll into the mainstream of popular culture", writes historian Marty Jezer. "As Presley set the artistic pace, other artists followed. ... Presley, more than anyone else, gave the young a belief in themselves as a distinct and somehow unified generation—the first in America ever to feel the power of an integrated youth culture."[111]
Crazed crowds and movie debut[link]
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Presley's definition of rock and roll included a sense of humor—here, during his second Sullivan appearance, he introduces one of his signature numbers.
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The audience response at Presley's live shows became increasingly fevered. Moore recalled, "He'd start out, 'You ain't nothin' but a Hound Dog,' and they'd just go to pieces. They'd always react the same way. There'd be a riot every time."[112] At the two concerts he performed in September at the Mississippi-Alabama Fair and Dairy Show, 50 National Guardsmen were added to the police security to prevent crowd trouble.[113] Elvis, Presley's second album, was released in October and quickly rose to number one. Assessing the musical and cultural impact of Presley's recordings from "That's All Right" through Elvis, rock critic Dave Marsh wrote that "these records, more than any others, contain the seeds of what rock & roll was, has been and most likely what it may foreseeably become."[114]
Presley returned to the Sullivan show at its main studio in New York, hosted this time by its namesake, on October 28. After the performance, crowds in Nashville and St. Louis burned him in effigy.[96] His first motion picture, Love Me Tender, was released on November 21. Though he was not top billed, the film's original title—The Reno Brothers—was changed to capitalize on his latest number one record: "Love Me Tender" had hit the top of the charts earlier that month. To further take advantage of Presley's popularity, four musical numbers were added to what was originally a straight acting role. The movie was panned by the critics but did very well at the box office.[88] Presley would receive top billing on every subsequent film he made.
On December 4, Presley dropped into Sun Records where Carl Perkins and Jerry Lee Lewis were recording and jammed with them. Though Phillips no longer had the right to release any Presley material, he made sure the session was captured on tape. The results became legendary as the "Million Dollar Quartet" recordings—Johnny Cash was long thought to have played as well, but he was present only briefly at Phillips' instigation for a photo opportunity.[115] The year ended with a front-page story in The Wall Street Journal reporting that Presley merchandise had brought in $22 million on top of his record sales,[116] and Billboard's declaration that he had placed more songs in the top 100 than any other artist since records were first charted.[117] In his first full year on RCA, one of the music industry's largest companies, Presley had accounted for over 50 percent of the label's singles sales.[110]
Leiber and Stoller collaboration and draft notice[link]
Presley made his third and final Ed Sullivan Show appearance on January 6, 1957—on this occasion indeed shot only down to the waist. Some commentators have claimed that Parker orchestrated an appearance of censorship to generate publicity.[109][118] In any event, as critic Greil Marcus describes, Presley "did not tie himself down. Leaving behind the bland clothes he had worn on the first two shows, he stepped out in the outlandish costume of a pasha, if not a harem girl. From the make-up over his eyes, the hair falling in his face, the overwhelmingly sexual cast of his mouth, he was playing Rudolph Valentino in The Sheik, with all stops out."[96] To close, displaying his range and defying Sullivan's wishes, Presley sang a gentle black spiritual, "Peace in the Valley". At the end of the show, Sullivan declared Presley "a real decent, fine boy".[119] Two days later, the Memphis draft board announced that Presley would be classified 1A and would probably be drafted sometime that year.[120]
Each of the three Presley singles released in the first half of 1957 went to number one: "Too Much", "All Shook Up", and "(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear". Already an international star, he was attracting fans even where his music was not officially released. Under the headline "Presley Records a Craze in Soviet", The New York Times reported that pressings of his music on discarded X-ray plates were commanding high prices in Leningrad.[121] Between film shoots and recording sessions, the singer also found time to purchase an 18-room mansion eight miles (13 km) south of downtown Memphis for himself and his parents: Graceland.[122] Loving You—the soundtrack to his second film, released in July—was Presley's third straight number one album. The title track was written by Leiber and Stoller, who were then retained to write four of the six songs recorded at the sessions for Jailhouse Rock, Presley's next movie. The songwriting team effectively produced the Jailhouse sessions and developed a close working relationship with Presley, who came to regard them as his "good-luck charm".[123] The title track was yet another number one hit, as was the Jailhouse Rock EP.
Presley undertook three brief tours during the year, continuing to generate a crazed audience response.[124] A Detroit newspaper suggested that "the trouble with going to see Elvis Presley is that you're liable to get killed."[125] Villanova students pelted him with eggs in Philadelphia,[125] and in Vancouver, the crowd rioted after the end of the show, destroying the stage.[126] Frank Sinatra, who had famously inspired the swooning of teenaged girls in the 1940s, condemned the new musical phenomenon. In a magazine article, he decried rock and roll as "brutal, ugly, degenerate, vicious. ... It fosters almost totally negative and destructive reactions in young people. It smells phoney and false. It is sung, played and written, for the most part, by cretinous goons. ... This rancid-smelling aphrodisiac I deplore."[127] Asked for a response, Presley said, "I admire the man. He has a right to say what he wants to say. He is a great success and a fine actor, but I think he shouldn't have said it. ... This is a trend, just the same as he faced when he started years ago."[128]
Leiber and Stoller were again in the studio for the recording of Elvis' Christmas Album. Toward the end of the session, they wrote a song on the spot at Presley's request: "Santa Claus Is Back In Town", an innuendo-laden blues.[129] The holiday release stretched Presley's string of number one albums to four and would eventually become the best selling Christmas album of all time.[130][131] After the session, Moore and Black—drawing only modest weekly salaries, sharing in none of Presley's massive financial success—resigned. Though they were brought back on a per diem basis a few weeks later, it was clear that they had not been part of Presley's inner circle for some time.[132] On December 20, Presley received his draft notice. He was granted a deferment to finish the forthcoming King Creole, in which $350,000 had already been invested by Paramount and producer Hal Wallis. A couple of weeks into the new year, "Don't", another Leiber and Stoller tune, became Presley's tenth number one seller. It had been only 21 months since "Heartbreak Hotel" had brought him to the top for the first time. Recording sessions for the King Creole soundtrack were held in Hollywood mid-January. Leiber and Stoller provided three songs and were again on hand, but it would be the last time they worked closely with Presley.[133] A studio session on February 1 marked another ending: it was the final occasion on which Black was to perform with Presley. He died in 1965.
Military service and mother's death (1958–60)[link]
On March 24, Presley was inducted into the U.S. Army as a private at Fort Chaffee, near Fort Smith, Arkansas. His arrival was a major media event. Hundreds of people descended on Presley as he stepped from the bus; photographers then accompanied him into the base.[134] Presley announced that he was looking forward to his military stint, saying he did not want to be treated any differently from anyone else: "The Army can do anything it wants with me."[135]
Soon after Presley commenced basic training at Fort Hood, Texas, he received a visit from Eddie Fadal, a businessman he had met on tour. According to Fadal, Presley had become convinced his career was finished—"He firmly believed that."[136] During a two-week leave in early June, Presley cut five sides in Nashville. In early August, his mother was diagnosed with hepatitis and her condition swiftly worsened. Presley, granted emergency leave to visit her, arrived in Memphis on August 12. Two days later, she died of heart failure, aged 46. Presley was devastated;[137] their relationship had remained extremely close—even into his adulthood, they would use baby talk with each other and Presley would address her with pet names.[138]
After training, Presley joined the 3rd Armored Division in Friedberg, Germany, on October 1.[139] Introduced to amphetamines by a sergeant while on maneuvers, he became "practically evangelical about their benefits"—not only for energy, but for "strength" and weight loss, as well—and many of his friends in the outfit joined him in indulging.[140] The Army also introduced Presley to karate, which he studied seriously, later including it in his live performances.[141] Fellow soldiers have attested to Presley's wish to be seen as an able, ordinary soldier, despite his fame, and to his generosity. He donated his Army pay to charity, purchased TV sets for the base, and bought an extra set of fatigues for everyone in his outfit.[142]
While in Friedberg, Presley met 14-year-old Priscilla Beaulieu. They would eventually marry after a seven-and-a-half-year courtship.[143] In her autobiography, Priscilla says that despite his worries that it would ruin his career, Parker convinced Presley that to gain popular respect, he should serve his country as a regular soldier rather than in Special Services, where he would have been able to give some musical performances and remain in touch with the public.[144] Media reports echoed Presley's concerns about his career, but RCA producer Steve Sholes and Freddy Bienstock of Hill and Range had carefully prepared for his two-year hiatus. Armed with a substantial amount of unreleased material, they kept up a regular stream of successful releases.[145] Between his induction and discharge, Presley had ten top 40 hits, including "Wear My Ring Around Your Neck", the best-selling "Hard Headed Woman", and "One Night" in 1958, and "(Now and Then There's) A Fool Such as I" and the number one "A Big Hunk o' Love" in 1959.[146] RCA also generated four albums compiling old material during this period, most successfully Elvis' Golden Records (1958), which hit number three on the LP chart.[147]
Focus on movies (1960–67)[link]
[edit] Elvis Is Back
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Presley broke new stylistic ground and displayed his vocal range with this number one hit. The quasi-operatic ballad ends with Presley "soaring up to an incredible top G sharp."[148]
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Presley returned to the United States on March 2, 1960, and was honorably discharged with the rank of sergeant on March 5.[149] The train that carried him from New Jersey to Tennessee was mobbed all the way, and Presley was called upon to appear at scheduled stops to please his fans.[150] On the night of March 20, he entered RCA's Nashville studio to cut tracks for a new album along with a single—"Stuck on You" was rushed into release and swiftly became a number one hit.[151] Another Nashville session two weeks later yielded a pair of his best-selling singles, the ballads "It's Now or Never" and "Are You Lonesome Tonight?", along with the rest of Elvis Is Back! The album features several songs described by Greil Marcus as full of Chicago blues "menace, driven by Presley's own super-miked acoustic guitar, brilliant playing by Scotty Moore, and demonic sax work from Boots Randolph. Elvis's singing wasn't sexy, it was pornographic."[152] As a whole, the record "conjured up the vision of a performer who could be all things", in the words of music historian John Robertson: "a flirtatious teenage idol with a heart of gold; a tempestuous, dangerous lover; a gutbucket blues singer; a sophisticated nightclub entertainer; [a] raucous rocker".[153] Released only days after recording was complete, it reached number two on the album chart.
Presley returned to television on May 12 as a guest on The Frank Sinatra Timex Special—ironic for both stars, given Sinatra's not-so-distant excoriation of rock and roll. Also known as Welcome Home Elvis, the show had been taped in late March, the only time all year Presley performed in front of an audience. Parker secured an unheard-of $125,000 fee for eight minutes of singing. The broadcast drew an enormous viewership.[154]
G.I. Blues, the soundtrack to Presley's first film since his return, was a number one album in October. His first LP of sacred material, His Hand in Mine, followed two months later. It reached number 13 on the U.S. pop chart and number 3 in Great Britain, remarkable figures for a gospel album. In February 1961, Presley performed two shows for a benefit event in Memphis, on behalf of 24 local charities. During a luncheon preceding the event, RCA presented him with a plaque certifying worldwide sales of over 75 million records.[155] A 12-hour Nashville session in mid-March yielded nearly all of Presley's next studio album, Something for Everybody.[156] As described by John Robertson, it exemplifies the Nashville sound, the restrained, cosmopolitan style that would define country music in the 1960s. Presaging much of what was to come from Presley himself over the next half-decade, the album is largely "a pleasant, unthreatening pastiche of the music that had once been Elvis's birthright."[157] It would be his sixth number one LP. Another benefit concert, raising money for a Pearl Harbor memorial, was staged on March 25, in Hawaii. It was to be Presley's last public performance for seven years.[158]
Lost in Hollywood[link]
See also: Elvis Presley filmography
Parker had by now pushed Presley into a heavy moviemaking schedule, focused on formulaic, modestly budgeted musical comedies. Presley at first insisted on pursuing more serious roles, but when two films in a more dramatic vein—Flaming Star (1960) and Wild in the Country (1961)—were less commercially successful, he reverted to the formula. Among the 27 movies he made during the 1960s, there were few further exceptions.[159] His films were almost universally panned; one critic dismissed them as a "pantheon of bad taste".[160] Nonetheless, they were virtually all profitable. Hal Wallis, who produced nine of them, declared, "A Presley picture is the only sure thing in Hollywood."[161]
Of Presley's films in the 1960s, 15 were accompanied by soundtrack albums and another 5 by soundtrack EPs. The movies' rapid production and release schedules—he frequently starred in three a year—affected his music. According to Jerry Leiber, the soundtrack formula was already evident before Presley left for the Army: "three ballads, one medium-tempo [number], one up-tempo, and one break blues boogie".[162] As the decade wore on, the quality of the soundtrack songs grew "progressively worse".[163] Julie Parrish, who appeared in Paradise, Hawaiian Style (1966), says that he hated many of the songs chosen for his films.[164] The Jordanaires' Gordon Stoker describes how Presley would retreat from the studio microphone: "The material was so bad that he felt like he couldn't sing it."[165] Most of the movie albums featured a song or two from respected writers such as the team of Doc Pomus and Mort Shuman. But by and large, according to biographer Jerry Hopkins, the numbers seemed to be "written on order by men who never really understood Elvis or rock and roll."[166] Regardless of the songs' quality, it has been argued that Presley generally sang them well, with commitment.[167] Critic Dave Marsh heard the opposite: "Presley isn't trying, probably the wisest course in the face of material like 'No Room to Rumba in a Sports Car' and 'Rock-a-Hula Baby.'"[114]
In the first half of the decade, three of Presley's soundtrack albums hit number one on the pop charts, and a few of his most popular songs came from his films, such as "Can't Help Falling in Love" (1961) and "Return to Sender" (1962). ("Viva Las Vegas", the title track to the 1964 film, was a minor hit as a B-side, and became truly popular only later.) But, as with artistic merit, the commercial returns steadily diminished. During a five-year span—1964 through 1968—Presley had only one top ten hit: "Crying in the Chapel" (1965), a gospel number recorded back in 1960. As for non-movie albums, between the June 1962 release of Pot Luck and the November 1968 release of the soundtrack to the television special that signaled his comeback, only one LP of new material by Presley was issued: the gospel album How Great Thou Art (1967). It won him his first Grammy Award, for Best Sacred Performance. As Marsh described, Presley was "arguably the greatest white gospel singer of his time [and] really the last rock & roll artist to make gospel as vital a component of his musical personality as his secular songs."[168]
Shortly before Christmas 1966, more than seven years since they first met, Presley proposed to Priscilla Beaulieu. They were married on May 1, 1967, in a brief ceremony in their suite at the Aladdin Hotel in Las Vegas.[169] The flow of formulaic movies and assembly-line soundtracks rolled on. It was not until October 1967, when the Clambake soundtrack LP registered record low sales for a new Presley album, that RCA executives recognized a problem. "By then, of course, the damage had been done", as historians Connie Kirchberg and Marc Hendrickx put it. "Elvis was viewed as a joke by serious music lovers and a has-been to all but his most loyal fans."[170]
Comeback (1968–73)[link]
[edit] Elvis: the '68 Comeback Special
Main article: Elvis (1968 TV program)
File:Elvis Presley 68 Comeback Special.jpg
The '68 Comeback Special produced "one of the most famous images" of Presley.[171] Taken on June 29, 1968, it was adapted for the cover of Rolling Stone in July 1969.[171][172]
Presley's only child, Lisa Marie, was born on February 1, 1968, during a period when he had grown deeply unhappy with his career.[173] Of the eight Presley singles released between January 1967 and May 1968, only two charted in the top 40, and none higher than number 28.[174] His forthcoming soundtrack album, Speedway, would die at number 82 on the Billboard chart. Parker had already shifted his plans to television, where Presley had not appeared since the Sinatra Timex show in 1960. He maneuvered a deal with NBC that committed the network to both finance a theatrical feature and broadcast a Christmas special.[175]
Recorded in late June in Burbank, California, the special, called simply Elvis, aired on December 3, 1968. Later known as the '68 Comeback Special, the show featured lavishly staged studio productions as well as songs performed with a band in front of a small audience—Presley's first live performances since 1961. The live segments saw Presley clad in tight black leather, singing and playing guitar in an uninhibited style reminiscent of his early rock and roll days. Director and coproducer Steve Binder had worked hard to reassure the nervous singer and to produce a show that was far from the hour of Christmas songs Parker had originally planned.[176] The show, NBC's highest rated that season, captured 42 percent of the total viewing audience.[177] Jon Landau of Eye magazine remarked, "There is something magical about watching a man who has lost himself find his way back home. He sang with the kind of power people no longer expect of rock 'n' roll singers. He moved his body with a lack of pretension and effort that must have made Jim Morrison green with envy."[178] Dave Marsh calls the performance one of "emotional grandeur and historical resonance."[179]
By January 1969, the single "If I Can Dream", written for the special, reached number 12. The soundtrack album broke into the top ten. According to friend Jerry Schilling, the special reminded Presley of what "he had not been able to do for years, being able to choose the people; being able to choose what songs and not being told what had to be on the soundtrack. ... He was out of prison, man."[177] Binder said of Presley's reaction, "I played Elvis the 60-minute show, and he told me in the screening room, 'Steve, it's the greatest thing I've ever done in my life. I give you my word I will never sing a song I don't believe in.'"[177]
[edit] From Elvis In Memphis and the International
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Beginning with his American Sound recordings, soul music became a central element in Presley's fusion of styles. Here, he revels in lyrics full of sexual innuendo.[180]
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Buoyed by the experience of the Comeback Special, Presley engaged in a prolific series of recording sessions at American Sound Studio, which led to the acclaimed From Elvis in Memphis. Released in June 1969, it was his first secular, non-soundtrack album from a dedicated period in the studio in eight years. As described by Dave Marsh, it is "a masterpiece in which Presley immediately catches up with pop music trends that had seemed to pass him by during the movie years. He sings country songs, soul songs and rockers with real conviction, a stunning achievement."[181] The album featured the hit single "In the Ghetto", issued in April, which reached number three on the pop chart—Presley's first non-gospel top ten hit since "Bossa Nova Baby" in 1963. Further hit singles were culled from the American Sound sessions: "Suspicious Minds", "Don't Cry Daddy", and "Kentucky Rain".
Presley was keen to resume regular live performing. Following the success of the Comeback Special, offers came in from around the world. The London Palladium offered Parker $28,000 for a one-week engagement. He responded, "That's fine for me, now how much can you get for Elvis?"[182] In May, the brand new International Hotel in Las Vegas, boasting the largest showroom in the city, announced that it had booked Presley. He was scheduled to perform 57 shows over four weeks beginning July 31. Moore, Fontana, and the Jordanaires declined to participate, afraid of losing the lucrative session work they had in Nashville. Presley assembled new, top-notch accompaniment, led by guitarist James Burton and including two gospel groups, The Imperials and Sweet Inspirations.[183] Nonetheless, he was nervous: his only previous Las Vegas engagement, in 1956, had been dismal. Parker, who intended to make Presley's return the show business event of the year, oversaw a major promotional push. For his part, hotel owner Kirk Kerkorian arranged to send his own plane to New York to fly in rock journalists for the debut performance.[184]
Presley took to the stage without introduction. The audience of 2,200, including many celebrities, gave him a standing ovation before he sang a note and another after his performance. A third followed his encore, "Can't Help Falling in Love" (a song that would be his closing number for much of the 1970s).[185] At a press conference after the show, when a journalist referred to him as "The King", Presley gestured toward Fats Domino, who was taking in the scene. "No," Presley said, "that's the real king of rock and roll."[186] The next day, Parker's negotiations with the hotel resulted in a five-year contract for Presley to play each February and August, at an annual salary of $1 million.[187] Newsweek commented, "There are several unbelievable things about Elvis, but the most incredible is his staying power in a world where meteoric careers fade like shooting stars."[188] Rolling Stone called Presley "supernatural, his own resurrection."[189] In November, Presley's final non-concert movie, Change of Habit, opened. The double album From Memphis To Vegas/From Vegas To Memphis came out the same month; the first LP consisted of live performances from the International, the second of more cuts from the American Sound sessions. "Suspicious Minds" reached the top of the charts—Presley's first U.S. pop number one in over seven years, and his last.
Cassandra Peterson, later television's Elvira, met Presley during this period in Las Vegas, where she was working as showgirl. She recalls of their encounter, "He was so anti-drug when I met him. I mentioned to him that I smoked marijuana, and he was just appalled. He said, 'Don't ever do that again.'"[190] Presley was not only deeply opposed to recreational drugs, he also rarely drank. Several of his family members had been alcoholics, a fate he intended to avoid.[191]
Back on tour and meeting Nixon[link]
Presley returned to the International early in 1970 for the first of the year's two month-long engagements, performing two shows a night. Recordings from these shows were issued on the album On Stage.[192] In late February, Presley performed six attendance-record–breaking shows at the Houston Astrodome.[193] In April, the single "The Wonder of You" was issued—a number one hit in Great Britain, it topped the U.S. adult contemporary chart, as well. MGM filmed rehearsal and concert footage at the International during August for the documentary Elvis: That's the Way It Is. Presley was by now performing in a jumpsuit, which would become a trademark of his live act. During this engagement, he was threatened with murder unless $50,000 was paid. Presley had been the target of many threats since the 1950s, often without his knowledge.[194] The FBI took the threat seriously and security was stepped up for the next two shows. Presley went onstage with a Derringer in his right boot and a .45 pistol in his waistband, but the concerts went off without incident.[195][196]
The album That's the Way It Is, produced to accompany the documentary and featuring both studio and live recordings, marked a stylistic shift. As music historian John Robertson notes, "The authority of Presley's singing helped disguise the fact that the album stepped decisively away from the American-roots inspiration of the Memphis sessions towards a more middle-of-the-road sound. With country put on the back burner, and soul and R&B left in Memphis, what was left was very classy, very clean white pop—perfect for the Las Vegas crowd, but a definite retrograde step for Elvis."[197] After the end of his International engagement on September 7, Presley embarked on a week-long concert tour, largely of the South, his first since 1958. Another week-long tour, of the West Coast, followed in November.[198]
On December 21, 1970, Presley engineered a meeting with President Richard Nixon at the White House, where he expressed his patriotism and his contempt for the hippie drug culture. He asked Nixon for a Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs badge, to add to similar items he had begun collecting and to signify official sanction of his patriotic efforts. Nixon, who apparently found the encounter awkward, expressed a belief that Presley could send a positive message to young people and that it was therefore important he "retain his credibility". Presley told Nixon that The Beatles, whose songs he regularly performed in concert during the era,[199] exemplified what he saw as a trend of anti-Americanism and drug abuse in popular culture.[200] (Presley and his friends had had a four-hour get-together with The Beatles five years earlier.) On hearing reports of the meeting, Paul McCartney later said that he "felt a bit betrayed. ... The great joke was that we were taking [illegal] drugs, and look what happened to him", a reference to Presley's death, hastened by prescription drug abuse.[201]
The U.S. Junior Chamber of Commerce named Presley one of its annual Ten Most Outstanding Young Men of the Nation on January 16, 1971.[202] Not long after, the City of Memphis named the stretch of Highway 51 South on which Graceland is located "Elvis Presley Boulevard". The same year, Presley became the first rock and roll singer to be awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award (then known as the Bing Crosby Award) by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences, the Grammy Award organization.[203] Three new, non-movie Presley studio albums were released in 1971, as many as had come out over the previous eight years. Best received by critics was Elvis Country, a concept record that focused on genre standards.[204] The biggest seller was Elvis Sings the Wonderful World of Christmas, "the truest statement of all", according to Greil Marcus. "In the midst of ten painfully genteel Christmas songs, every one sung with appalling sincerity and humility, one could find Elvis tom-catting his way through six blazing minutes of 'Merry Christmas, Baby,' a raunchy old Charles Brown blues. ... If [Presley's] sin was his lifelessness, it was his sinfulness that brought him to life".[205]
[edit] Marriage breakdown and Aloha from Hawaii
See also: Aloha from Hawaii
MGM again filmed Presley in April 1972, this time for Elvis on Tour, which went on to win the Golden Globe Award for Best Documentary Film that year. His gospel album He Touched Me, released that month, would earn him his second Grammy Award, for Best Inspirational Performance. A 14-date tour commenced with an unprecedented four consecutive sold-out shows at New York's Madison Square Garden.[206] The evening concert on July 10 was recorded and issued in LP form a week later. Elvis: As Recorded at Madison Square Garden became one of Presley's biggest-selling albums. After the tour, the single "Burning Love" was released—Presley's last top ten hit on the U.S. pop chart. "The most exciting single Elvis has made since 'All Shook Up'", wrote rock critic Robert Christgau. "Who else could make 'It's coming closer, the flames are now licking my body' sound like an assignation with James Brown's backup band?"[207]
File:ElvisPresleyAlohafromHawaii.jpg
Presley in Aloha From Hawaii, broadcast live via satellite on January 14, 1973. The singer himself came up with his famous outfit's eagle motif, as "something that would say 'America' to the world."[208]
Presley and his wife, meanwhile, had become increasingly distant, barely cohabiting. In 1971, an affair he had with Joyce Bova resulted—unbeknownst to him—in her pregnancy and an abortion. He often raised the possibility of her moving in to Graceland, saying that he was likely to leave Priscilla.[209] The Presleys separated on February 23, 1972, after Priscilla disclosed her relationship with Mike Stone, a karate instructor Presley had recommended to her. Priscilla relates that when she told him, Presley "grabbed ... and forcefully made love to" her, declaring, "This is how a real man makes love to his woman."[210] Five months later, Presley's new girlfriend, Linda Thompson, a songwriter and one-time Memphis beauty queen, moved in with him.[211] Presley and his wife filed for divorce on August 18.[212] According to Joe Moscheo of the Imperials, the failure of Presley's marriage "was a blow from which he never recovered."[213]
In January 1973, Presley performed two benefit concerts for the Kui Lee Cancer Fund in connection with a groundbreaking TV special, Aloha from Hawaii. The first show served as a practice run and backup should technical problems affect the live broadcast two days later. Aired as scheduled on January 14, Aloha from Hawaii was the first global concert satellite broadcast, reaching approximately 1.5 billion viewers live and on tape delay.[214][215][216] Presley's costume became the most recognized example of the elaborate concert garb with which his latter-day persona became closely associated. As described by Bobbie Ann Mason, "At the end of the show, when he spreads out his American Eagle cape, with the full stretched wings of the eagle studded on the back, he becomes a god figure."[217] The accompanying double album, released in February, went to number one and eventually sold over 5 million copies in the United States.[218] It proved to be Presley's last U.S. number one pop album during his lifetime.
At a midnight show the same month, four men rushed onto the stage in an apparent attack. Security men leapt to Presley's defense, and the singer's karate instinct took over as he ejected one invader from the stage himself. Following the show, he became obsessed with the idea that the men had been sent by Mike Stone to kill him. Though they were shown to have been only overexuberant fans, he raged, "There's too much pain in me ... Stone [must] die." His outbursts continued with such intensity that a physician was unable to calm him, despite administering large doses of medication. After another two full days of raging, Red West, his friend and bodyguard, felt compelled to get a price for a contract killing and was relieved when Presley decided, "Aw hell, let's just leave it for now. Maybe it's a bit heavy."[219]
Health deterioration and death (1973–77)[link]
Medical crises and last studio sessions[link]
Presley's divorce took effect on October 9, 1973.[220] He was now becoming increasingly unwell. Twice during the year he overdosed on barbiturates, spending three days in a coma in his hotel suite after the first incident. Toward the end of 1973, he was hospitalized, semicomatose from the effects of Demerol addiction. According to his main physician, Dr. George C. Nichopoulos, Presley "felt that by getting [drugs] from a doctor, he wasn't the common everyday junkie getting something off the street."[221] Since his comeback, he had staged more live shows with each passing year, and 1973 saw 168 concerts, his busiest schedule ever.[222] Despite his failing health, in 1974 he undertook another intensive touring schedule.[223]
Presley's condition declined precipitously in September. Keyboardist Tony Brown remembers the singer's arrival at a University of Maryland concert: "He fell out of the limousine, to his knees. People jumped to help, and he pushed them away like, 'Don't help me.' He walked on stage and held onto the mike for the first thirty minutes like it was a post. Everybody's looking at each other like, Is the tour gonna happen?"[224] Guitarist John Wilkinson recalled, "He was all gut. He was slurring. He was so fucked up. ... It was obvious he was drugged. It was obvious there was something terribly wrong with his body. It was so bad the words to the songs were barely intelligible. ... I remember crying. He could barely get through the introductions".[225] Wilkinson recounted that a few nights later in Detroit, "I watched him in his dressing room, just draped over a chair, unable to move. So often I thought, 'Boss, why don't you just cancel this tour and take a year off...?' I mentioned something once in a guarded moment. He patted me on the back and said, 'It'll be all right. Don't you worry about it.'"[225] Presley continued to play to sellout crowds. As cultural critic Marjorie Garber describes, he was now widely seen as a garish pop crooner: "in effect he had become Liberace. Even his fans were now middle-aged matrons and blue-haired grandmothers."[226]
On July 13, 1976, Vernon Presley—who had become deeply involved in his son's financial affairs—fired "Memphis Mafia" bodyguards Red West (Presley's friend since the 1950s), Sonny West, and David Hebler, citing the need to "cut back on expenses".[227][228][229] Presley was in Palm Springs at the time, and some suggest the singer was too cowardly to face the three himself. Another associate of Presley's, John O'Grady, argued that the bodyguards were dropped because their rough treatment of fans had prompted too many lawsuits.[230] However, Presley's stepbrother David Stanley has claimed that the bodyguards were fired because they were becoming more outspoken about Presley's drug dependency.[231] Presley and Linda Thompson split in November, and he took up with a new girlfriend, Ginger Alden.[232] He proposed to Alden and gave her an engagement ring two months later, though several of his friends later claimed that he had no serious intention of marrying again.[233]
RCA, which had enjoyed a steady stream of product from Presley for over a decade, grew anxious as his interest in spending time in the studio waned. After a December 1973 session that produced 18 songs, enough for almost two albums, he did not enter the studio in 1974.[234] Parker sold RCA on another concert record, Elvis: As Recorded Live on Stage in Memphis.[235] Recorded on March 20, it included a version of "How Great Thou Art" that would win Presley his third and final competitive Grammy Award.[236] (All three of his competitive Grammy wins—out of 14 total nominations—were for gospel recordings.) Presley returned to the studio in Hollywood in March 1975, but Parker's attempts to arrange another session toward the end of the year were unsuccessful.[237] In 1976, RCA sent a mobile studio to Graceland that made possible two full-scale recording sessions at Presley's home.[238] Even in that comfortable context, the recording process was now a struggle for him.[239]
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An R&B hit for Roy Hamilton in 1955 and a pop hit for blue-eyed soul singer Timi Yuro in 1961, Presley's deep soul version was picked up by country radio in 1976.[240]
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For all the concerns of his label and manager, in studio sessions between July 1973 and October 1976, Presley recorded virtually the entire contents of six albums. Though he was no longer a major presence on the pop charts, five of those albums entered the top five of the country chart, and three went to number one: Promised Land (1975), From Elvis Presley Boulevard, Memphis, Tennessee (1976), and Moody Blue (1977).[241] The story was similar with his singles—there were no major pop hits, but Presley was a significant force in not just the country market, but on adult contemporary radio as well. Eight studio singles from this period released during his lifetime were top ten hits on one or both charts, four in 1974 alone. "My Boy" was a number one AC hit in 1975, and "Moody Blue" topped the country chart and reached the second spot on the AC in 1976.[242] Perhaps his most critically acclaimed recording of the era came that year, with what Greil Marcus described as his "apocalyptic attack" on the soul classic "Hurt".[243] "If he felt the way he sounded", Dave Marsh wrote of Presley's performance, "the wonder isn't that he had only a year left to live but that he managed to survive that long."[244]
Final year and death[link]
Journalist Tony Scherman writes that by early 1977, "Elvis Presley had become a grotesque caricature of his sleek, energetic former self. Hugely overweight, his mind dulled by the pharmacopoeia he daily ingested, he was barely able to pull himself through his abbreviated concerts."[245] In Alexandria, Louisiana, the singer was on stage for less than an hour and "was impossible to understand".[246] Presley failed to appear in Baton Rouge; he was unable to get out of his hotel bed, and the rest of the tour was cancelled.[246] Despite the accelerating deterioration of his health, he stuck to most touring commitments. In Rapid City, South Dakota, "he was so nervous on stage that he could hardly talk", according to Presley historian Samuel Roy, and unable to "perform any significant movement."[247] Guralnick relates that fans "were becoming increasingly voluble about their disappointment, but it all seemed to go right past Elvis, whose world was now confined almost entirely to his room and his spiritualism books."[248] A cousin, Billy Smith, recalled how Presley would sit in his room and chat for hours, sometimes recounting favorite Monty Python sketches and his own past escapades, but more often gripped by paranoid obsessions that reminded Smith of Howard Hughes.[249] "Way Down", Presley's last single issued during his lifetime, came out on June 6. His final concert was held in Indianapolis at the Market Square Arena, on June 26.
The book Elvis: What Happened?, cowritten by the three bodyguards fired the previous year, was published on August 1.[250] It was the first exposé to detail Presley's years of drug misuse. He was devastated by the book and tried unsuccessfully to halt its release by offering money to the publishers.[251] By this point, he suffered from multiple ailments: glaucoma, high blood pressure, liver damage, and an enlarged colon, each aggravated—and possibly caused—by drug abuse.[221]
Presley was scheduled to fly out of Memphis on the evening of August 16, 1977, to begin another tour. That afternoon, Alden discovered him unresponsive on his bathroom floor. Attempts to revive him failed, and death was officially pronounced at 3:30 pm at Baptist Memorial Hospital.[252]
President Jimmy Carter issued a statement that credited Presley with having "permanently changed the face of American popular culture".[253] Thousands of people gathered outside Graceland to view the open casket. One of Presley's cousins, Billy Mann, accepted $18,000 to secretly photograph the corpse; the picture appeared on the cover of the National Enquirer's biggest-selling issue ever.[254] Alden struck a $105,000 deal with the Enquirer for her story, but settled for less when she broke her exclusivity agreement.[255] Presley left her nothing in his will.[256]
Presley's funeral was held at Graceland, on Thursday, August 18. Outside the gates, a car plowed into a group of fans, killing two women and critically injuring a third.[257] Approximately 80,000 people lined the processional route to Forest Hill Cemetery, where Presley was buried next to his mother.[258] Within a few days, "Way Down" topped the country and UK pop charts.[242][259] Following an attempt to steal the singer's body in late August, the remains of both Elvis Presley and his mother were reburied in Graceland's Meditation Garden on October 2.[255]
Since 1977[link]
Between 1977 and 1981, six posthumously released singles by Presley were top ten country hits.[242] Graceland was opened to the public in 1982. Attracting over half a million visitors annually, it is the second most-visited home in the United States, after the White House.[260] It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2006.[261]
Presley has been inducted into four music halls of fame: the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame (1986), the Country Music Hall of Fame (1998), the Gospel Music Hall of Fame (2001), and the Rockabilly Hall of Fame (2007). In 1984, he received the W. C. Handy Award from the Blues Foundation and the Academy of Country Music's first Golden Hat Award. In 1987, he received the American Music Awards' Award of Merit.[262]
A Junkie XL remix of Presley's "A Little Less Conversation" (credited as "Elvis Vs JXL") was used in a Nike advertising campaign during the 2002 FIFA World Cup. It topped the charts in over 20 countries, and was included in a compilation of Presley's number one hits, ELV1S, that was also an international success. In 2003, a remix of "Rubberneckin'", a 1969 recording of Presley's, topped the U.S. sales chart, as did a 50th-anniversary re-release of "That's All Right" the following year.[263] The latter was an outright hit in Great Britain, reaching number three on the pop chart.
In 2005, another three reissued singles, "Jailhouse Rock", "One Night"/"I Got Stung", and "It's Now or Never", went to number one in Great Britain. A total of 17 Presley singles were reissued during the year; all made the British top five. For the fifth straight year, Forbes named Presley the top-earning deceased celebrity, with a gross income of $45 million.[264] He placed second in 2006,[265] returned to the top spot the next two years,[266][267] and ranked fourth in 2009.[268] The following year, he was ranked second, with his highest annual income ever—$60 million—spurred by the celebration of his 75th birthday and the launch of Cirque du Soleil's Viva Elvis show in Las Vegas.[269] In November 2010, Viva Elvis: The Album was released, setting his voice to newly recorded instrumental tracks.[270][271] As of mid-2011, there were an estimated 15,000 licensed Presley products.[272] He was again the second-highest-earning deceased celebrity.[273]
Presley holds the records for most songs charting in Billboard's top 40 and top 100: chart statistician Joel Whitburn calculates the respective totals as 104 and 151;[274] Presley historian Adam Victor gives 114 and 138.[275] Presley's rankings for top ten and number one hits vary depending on how the double-sided "Hound Dog/Don't Be Cruel" and "Don't/I Beg of You" singles, which precede the inception of Billboard's unified Hot 100 chart, are analyzed.e According to Whitburn's analysis, Presley and Madonna share the record for most top ten hits with 38;[276] per Billboard's current assessment, he ranks second with 36.[277] Whitburn and Billboard concur that The Beatles hold the record for most number one hits with 20 and that Mariah Carey is second with 18. Whitburn has Presley also with 18 and thus tied for second;[276] Billboard has him third with 17.[278] Presley retains the record for cumulative weeks at number one: alone at 80, according to Whitburn and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame;[279][280] tied with Carey at 79, according to Billboard.[281][282] He holds the records for most British number one hits, with 21, and top ten hits, with 76.[283][284]
Musical style[link]
Influences[link]
Presley's earliest musical influence came from gospel. His mother recalled that from the age of two, at the Assembly of God church in Tupelo attended by the family, "he would slide down off my lap, run into the aisle and scramble up to the platform. There he would stand looking at the choir and trying to sing with them."[285] In Memphis, Presley frequently attended all-night gospel singings at the Ellis Auditorium, where groups such as the Statesmen Quartet led the music in a style that, Guralnick suggests, sowed the seeds of Presley's future stage act:
The Statesmen were an electric combination ... featuring some of the most thrillingly emotive singing and daringly unconventional showmanship in the entertainment world ... dressed in suits that might have come out of the window of Lansky's. ... Bass singer Jim Wetherington, known universally as the Big Chief, maintained a steady bottom, ceaselessly jiggling first his left leg, then his right, with the material of the pants leg ballooning out and shimmering. "He went about as far as you could go in gospel music," said Jake Hess. "The women would jump up, just like they do for the pop shows." Preachers frequently objected to the lewd movements ... but audiences reacted with screams and swoons.[286]
As a teenager, Presley's musical interests were wide-ranging, and he was deeply informed about African American musical idioms as well as white ones (see "Teenage life in Memphis"). Though he never had any formal training, he was blessed with a remarkable memory, and his musical knowledge was already considerable by the time he made his first professional recordings in 1954 at the age of 19. When Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller met him two years later, they were astonished at his encyclopedic understanding of the blues.[287] At a press conference the following year, he proudly declared, "I know practically every religious song that's ever been written."[126]
Genres[link]
Presley was a central figure in the development of rockabilly, according to music historians. "Rockabilly crystallized into a recognizable style in 1954 with Elvis Presley's first release, on the Sun label", writes Craig Morrison.[288] Paul Friedlander describes the defining elements of rockabilly, which he similarly characterizes as "essentially ... an Elvis Presley construction": "the raw, emotive, and slurred vocal style and emphasis on rhythmic feeling [of] the blues with the string band and strummed rhythm guitar [of] country".[289] In "That's All Right", the Presley trio's first record, Scotty Moore's guitar solo, "a combination of Merle Travis–style country finger-picking, double-stop slides from acoustic boogie, and blues-based bent-note, single-string work, is a microcosm of this fusion."[289]
At RCA, Presley's rock and roll sound grew distinct from rockabilly with group chorus vocals, more heavily amplified electric guitars[290] and a tougher, more intense manner.[291] While he was known for taking songs from various sources and giving them a rockabilly/rock and roll treatment, he also recorded songs in other genres from early in his career, from the pop standard "Blue Moon" at Sun to the country ballad "How's the World Treating You?" on his second LP to the blues of "Santa Claus Is Back In Town". In 1957, his first gospel record was released, the four-song EP Peace in the Valley. Certified as a million seller, it became the top-selling gospel EP in recording history.[292] Presley would record gospel periodically for the rest of his life.
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From How Great Thou Art (1967), a traditional song popular in the black gospel tradition. The arrangement evokes "the percussive style of the 1930s Golden Gate Quartet."[293][294]
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After his return from military service in 1960, Presley continued to perform rock and roll, but the characteristic style was substantially toned down. His first post-Army single, the number one hit "Stuck on You", is typical of this shift. RCA publicity materials referred to its "mild rock beat"; discographer Ernst Jorgensen calls it "upbeat pop".[295] The modern blues/R&B sound captured so successfully on Elvis Is Back! was essentially abandoned for six years until such 1966–67 recordings as "Down in the Alley" and "Hi-Heel Sneakers".[296] The singer's output during most of the 1960s emphasized pop music, often in the form of ballads such as "Are You Lonesome Tonight?", a number one in 1960. While that was a dramatic number, most of what Presley recorded for his movie soundtracks was in a much lighter vein.[297]
While Presley performed several of his classic ballads for the '68 Comeback Special, the sound of the show was dominated by aggressive rock and roll. He would record few new straight-ahead rock and roll songs thereafter; as he explained, they were "hard to find".[298] A significant exception was "Burning Love", his last major hit on the pop charts. Like his work of the 1950s, Presley's subsequent recordings reworked pop and country songs, but in markedly different permutations. His stylistic range now began to embrace a more contemporary rock sound as well as soul and funk. Much of Elvis In Memphis, as well as "Suspicious Minds", cut at the same sessions, reflected his new rock and soul fusion. In the mid-1970s, many of his singles found a home on country radio, the field where he first became a star.[299]
Vocal style and range[link]
Music critic Henry Pleasants observes that "Elvis Presley has been described variously as a baritone and a tenor. An extraordinary compass ... and a very wide range of vocal color have something to do with this divergence of opinion."[300] He identifies Presley as a high baritone, calculating his range as two octaves and a third, "from the baritone low G to the tenor high B, with an upward extension in falsetto to at least a D-flat. Presley's best octave is in the middle, D-flat to D-flat, granting an extra full step up or down."[300] In Pleasants' view, his voice was "variable and unpredictable" at the bottom, "often brilliant" at the top, with the capacity for "full-voiced high Gs and As that an opera baritone might envy."[300] Scholar Lindsay Waters, who figures Presley's range as two and a quarter octaves, emphasizes that "his voice had an emotional range from tender whispers to sighs down to shouts, grunts, grumbles and sheer gruffness that could move the listener from calmness and surrender, to fear. His voice can not be measured in octaves, but in decibels; even that misses the problem of how to measure delicate whispers that are hardly audible at all."[301] Presley was always "able to duplicate the open, hoarse, ecstatic, screaming, shouting, wailing, reckless sound of the black rhythm-and-blues and gospel singers," writes Pleasants, and also demonstrated a remarkable ability to assimilate many other vocal styles.[300]
Questions over cause of death[link]
"Drug use was heavily implicated" in Presley's death, writes Guralnick. "No one ruled out the possibility of anaphylactic shock brought on by the codeine pills ... to which he was known to have had a mild allergy." A pair of lab reports filed two months later each strongly suggested that polypharmacy was the primary cause of death; one reported "fourteen drugs in Elvis' system, ten in significant quantity."[302] Forensic historian and pathologist Michael Baden views the situation as complicated: "Elvis had had an enlarged heart for a long time. That, together with his drug habit, caused his death. But he was difficult to diagnose; it was a judgment call."[303]
The competence and ethics of two of the centrally involved medical professionals were seriously questioned. Before the autopsy was complete and toxicology results known, medical examiner Dr. Jerry Francisco declared the cause of death as cardiac arrhythmia, a condition that can be determined only in someone who is still alive.[304] Allegations of a cover-up were widespread.[303] While Presley's main physician, Dr. Nichopoulos, was exonerated of criminal liability for the singer's death, the facts were startling: "In the first eight months of 1977 alone, he had [prescribed] more than 10,000 doses of sedatives, amphetamines and narcotics: all in Elvis's name." His license was suspended for three months. It was permanently revoked in the 1990s after the Tennessee Medical Board brought new charges of over-prescription.[221]
In 1994, the Presley autopsy was reopened. Coroner Dr. Joseph Davis declared, "There is nothing in any of the data that supports a death from drugs. In fact, everything points to a sudden, violent heart attack."[221] Whether or not combined drug intoxication was in fact the cause, there is little doubt that polypharmacy contributed significantly to Presley's premature death.[304]
Racial issues[link]
When Dewey Phillips first aired "That's All Right" on Memphis radio, many listeners who contacted the station by phone and telegram to ask for it again assumed that its singer was black.[52] From the beginning of his national fame, Presley expressed respect for African American performers and their music, and disregard for the norms of segregation and racial prejudice then prevalent in the South. Interviewed in 1956, he recalled how in his childhood he would listen to blues musician Arthur Crudup—the originator of "That's All Right"—"bang his box the way I do now, and I said if I ever got to the place where I could feel all old Arthur felt, I'd be a music man like nobody ever saw."[36] The Memphis World, an African American newspaper, reported that Presley, "the rock 'n' roll phenomenon", "cracked Memphis's segregation laws" by attending the local amusement park on what was designated as its "colored night".[36] Such statements and actions led Presley to be generally hailed in the black community during the early days of his stardom.[36] By contrast, many white adults, according to Billboard's Arnold Shaw, "did not like him, and condemned him as depraved. Anti-negro prejudice doubtless figured in adult antagonism. Regardless of whether parents were aware of the Negro sexual origins of the phrase 'rock 'n' roll', Presley impressed them as the visual and aural embodiment of sex."[305]
Despite the largely positive view of Presley held by African Americans, a rumor spread in mid-1957 that he had at some point announced, "The only thing Negroes can do for me is buy my records and shine my shoes." A journalist with the national African American weekly Jet, Louie Robinson, pursued the story. On the set of Jailhouse Rock, Presley granted him an interview, though he was no longer dealing with the mainstream press. He denied making such a statement or holding in any way to its racist view. Robinson found no evidence that the remark had ever been made, and on the contrary elicited testimony from many individuals indicating that Presley was anything but racist.[36][306] Blues singer Ivory Joe Hunter, who had heard the rumor before he visited Graceland one evening, reported of Presley, "He showed me every courtesy, and I think he's one of the greatest."[307] Though the rumored remark was wholly discredited at the time, it was still being used against Presley decades later.[308] The identification of Presley with racism—either personally or symbolically—was expressed most famously in the lyrics of the 1989 rap hit "Fight the Power", by Public Enemy: "Elvis was a hero to most / But he never meant shit to me / Straight-up racist that sucker was / Simple and plain".[309]
The persistence of such attitudes was fueled by resentment over the fact that Presley, whose musical and visual performance idiom owed much to African American sources, achieved the cultural acknowledgment and commercial success largely denied his black peers.[306] Into the 21st century, the notion that Presley had "stolen" black music still found adherents.[308][309] Notable among African American entertainers expressly rejecting this view was Jackie Wilson, who argued, "A lot of people have accused Elvis of stealing the black man's music, when in fact, almost every black solo entertainer copied his stage mannerisms from Elvis."[310] And throughout his career, Presley plainly acknowledged his debt. Addressing his '68 Comeback Special audience, he said, "Rock 'n' roll music is basically gospel or rhythm and blues, or it sprang from that. People have been adding to it, adding instruments to it, experimenting with it, but it all boils down to [that]." Nine years earlier, he had said, "Rock 'n' roll has been around for many years. It used to be called rhythm and blues."[311]
Influence of Colonel Parker and others[link]
Parker and the Aberbachs[link]
Further information: Colonel Tom Parker
Once he became Presley's manager, Colonel Tom Parker insisted on exceptionally tight control over his client's career. Early on, he and his Hill and Range allies, the brothers Jean and Julian Aberbach, perceived the close relationship that developed between Presley and songwriters Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller as a serious threat to that control.[312] Parker effectively ended the relationship, deliberately or not, with the new contract he sent Leiber in early 1958. Leiber thought there was a mistake—the sheet of paper was blank except for Parker's signature and a line on which to enter his. "There's no mistake, boy, just sign it and return it", Parker directed. "Don't worry, we'll fill it in later." Leiber declined, and Presley's fruitful collaboration with the writing team was over.[313] Other respected songwriters lost interest in or simply avoided writing for Presley because of the requirement that they surrender a third of their usual royalties.[314]
By 1967, Parker's contracts with Presley gave him 50 percent of most of the singer's earnings from recordings, films, and merchandise.[315] Beginning in February 1972, he took a third of the profit from live appearances;[316] a January 1976 agreement entitled him to half of that as well.[317] Priscilla Presley noted that "Elvis detested the business side of his career. He would sign a contract without even reading it."[318] Presley's friend Marty Lacker regarded Parker as a "hustler and a con artist. He was only interested in 'now money'—get the buck and get gone."[319]
Lacker was instrumental in convincing Presley to record with Memphis producer Chips Moman and his handpicked musicians at American Sound Studio in early 1969. The American Sound sessions represented a significant departure from the control customarily exerted by Hill and Range. Moman still had to deal with the publisher's staff on site, whose song suggestions he regarded as unacceptable. He was on the verge of quitting, until Presley ordered the Hill and Range personnel out of the studio.[320] Although RCA executive Joan Deary was later full of praise for the producer's song choices and the quality of the recordings,[321] Moman, to his fury, received neither credit on the records nor royalties for his work.[322]
Throughout his entire career, Presley performed in only three venues outside the United States—all of them in Canada, during brief tours there in 1957. Rumors that he would play overseas for the first time were fueled in 1974 by a million-dollar bid for an Australian tour. Parker was uncharacteristically reluctant, prompting those close to Presley to speculate about the manager's past and the reasons for his apparent unwillingness to apply for a passport. Parker ultimately squelched any notions Presley had of working abroad, claiming that foreign security was poor and the venues unsuitable for a star of his magnitude.[323]
Parker arguably exercised tightest control over Presley's movie career. In 1957, Robert Mitchum asked Presley to costar with him in Thunder Road, on which Mitchum was writer and producer.[324] According to George Klein, one of his oldest friends, Presley was offered starring roles in West Side Story and Midnight Cowboy.[325] In 1974, Barbra Streisand approached Presley to star with her in the remake of A Star is Born.[326] In each case, any ambitions the singer may have had to play such parts were thwarted by his manager's negotiating demands or flat refusals. In Lacker's description, "The only thing that kept Elvis going after the early years was a new challenge. But Parker kept running everything into the ground."[319] The operative attitude may have been summed up best by the response Leiber and Stoller received when they brought a serious film project for Presley to Parker and the Hill and Range owners for their consideration. In Leiber's telling, Jean Aberbach warned them to never again "try to interfere with the business or artistic workings of the process known as Elvis Presley".[162]
Memphis Mafia[link]
Main article: Memphis Mafia
In the early 1960s, the circle of friends with whom Presley constantly surrounded himself until his death came to be known as the "Memphis Mafia".[327] "Surrounded by the[ir] parasitic presence", as journalist John Harris puts it, "it was no wonder that as he slid into addiction and torpor, no-one raised the alarm: to them, Elvis was the bank, and it had to remain open."[328] Tony Brown, who played piano for Presley regularly in the last two years of the singer's life, observed his rapidly declining health and the urgent need to address it: "But we all knew it was hopeless because Elvis was surrounded by that little circle of people ... all those so-called friends".[329] In the Memphis Mafia's defense, Marty Lacker has said, "[Presley] was his own man. ... If we hadn't been around, he would have been dead a lot earlier."[330]
Larry Geller became Presley's hairdresser in 1964. Unlike others in the Memphis Mafia, he was interested in spiritual questions and recalls how, from their first conversation, Presley revealed his secret thoughts and anxieties: "I mean there has to be a purpose...there's got to be a reason...why I was chosen to be Elvis Presley. ... I swear to God, no one knows how lonely I get. And how empty I really feel."[331] Thereafter, Geller supplied him with books on religion and mysticism, which the singer read voraciously.[332] Presley would be preoccupied by such matters for much of his life, taking trunkloads of books with him on tour.[221]
Sex symbol[link]
Presley's physical attractiveness and sexual appeal were widely acknowledged. "He was once beautiful, astonishingly beautiful", in the words of critic Mark Feeney.[333] Television director Steve Binder, no fan of Presley's music before he oversaw the '68 Comeback Special, reported, "I'm straight as an arrow and I got to tell you, you stop, whether you're male or female, to look at him. He was that good looking. And if you never knew he was a superstar, it wouldn't make any difference; if he'd walked in the room, you'd know somebody special was in your presence."[334] His performance style, as much as his physical beauty, was responsible for Presley's eroticized image. Writing in 1970, critic George Melly described him as "the master of the sexual simile, treating his guitar as both phallus and girl."[335] In his Presley obituary, Lester Bangs credited him as "the man who brought overt blatant vulgar sexual frenzy to the popular arts in America."[336] Ed Sullivan's declaration that he perceived a soda bottle in Presley's trousers was echoed by rumors involving a similarly positioned toilet roll tube or lead bar.[337]
While Presley was marketed as an icon of heterosexuality, some cultural critics have argued that his image was ambiguous. In 1959, Sight and Sound's Peter John Dyer described his onscreen persona as "aggressively bisexual in appeal".[338] Brett Farmer places the "orgasmic gyrations" of the title dance sequence in Jailhouse Rock within a lineage of cinematic musical numbers that offer a "spectacular eroticization, if not homoeroticization, of the male image".[339] In the analysis of Yvonne Tasker, "Elvis was an ambivalent figure who articulated a peculiar feminised, objectifying version of white working-class masculinity as aggressive sexual display."[340]
Reinforcing Presley's image as a sex symbol were the reports of his dalliances with various Hollywood stars and starlets, from Natalie Wood in the 1950s to Connie Stevens and Ann-Margret in the 1960s to Candice Bergen and Cybill Shepherd in the 1970s. June Juanico of Memphis, one of Presley's early girlfriends, later blamed Parker for encouraging him to choose his dating partners with publicity in mind.[190] Presley, however, never grew comfortable with the Hollywood scene, and most of these relationships were insubstantial.[341]
Legacy[link]
Further information: Cultural impact of Elvis Presley; Cultural depictions of Elvis Presley
His music and his personality, fusing the styles of white country and black rhythm and blues, permanently changed the face of American popular culture. His following was immense, and he was a symbol to people the world over of the vitality, rebelliousness, and good humor of his country.
Presley's rise to national attention in 1956 transformed the field of popular music and had a huge effect on the broader scope of popular culture.[4] As the catalyst for the cultural revolution that was rock and roll, he was central not only to defining it as a musical genre but in making it a touchstone of youth culture and rebellious attitude.[342] With its racially mixed origins—repeatedly affirmed by Presley—rock and roll's occupation of a central position in mainstream American culture facilitated a new acceptance and appreciation of black culture.[343] In this regard, Little Richard said of Presley, "He was an integrator. Elvis was a blessing. They wouldn't let black music through. He opened the door for black music."[344] Al Green agreed: "He broke the ice for all of us."[345] Presley also heralded the vastly expanded reach of celebrity in the era of mass communication: at the age of 21, within a year of his first appearance on American network television, he was one of the most famous people in the world.[346]
Presley's name, image, and voice are instantly recognizable around the globe.[347] He has inspired a legion of impersonators.[348] In polls and surveys, he is recognized as one of the most important popular music artists and influential Americans.f "Elvis Presley is the greatest cultural force in the twentieth century", said composer and conductor Leonard Bernstein. "He introduced the beat to everything and he changed everything—music, language, clothes. It's a whole new social revolution—the sixties came from it."[349] Bob Dylan described the sensation of first hearing Presley as "like busting out of jail".[345]
A New York Times editorial on the 25th anniversary of Presley's death observed, "All the talentless impersonators and appalling black velvet paintings on display can make him seem little more than a perverse and distant memory. But before Elvis was camp, he was its opposite: a genuine cultural force. ... Elvis's breakthroughs are underappreciated because in this rock-and-roll age, his hard-rocking music and sultry style have triumphed so completely."[350] Not only Presley's achievements, but his failings as well, are seen by some cultural observers as adding to the power of his legacy, as in this description by Greil Marcus:
Elvis Presley is a supreme figure in American life, one whose presence, no matter how banal or predictable, brooks no real comparisons. ... The cultural range of his music has expanded to the point where it includes not only the hits of the day, but also patriotic recitals, pure country gospel, and really dirty blues. ... Elvis has emerged as a great artist, a great rocker, a great purveyor of schlock, a great heart throb, a great bore, a great symbol of potency, a great ham, a great nice person, and, yes, a great American.[351]
Discography[link]
Main articles: Elvis Presley albums discography and Elvis Presley singles discography
A vast number of recordings have been issued under Presley's name. The total number of his original master recordings has been variously calculated as 665[275] and 711.[333] His career began and he was most successful during an era when singles were the primary commercial medium for pop music. In the case of his albums, the distinction between "official" studio records and other forms is often blurred. For most of the 1960s, his recording career focused on soundtrack albums. In the 1970s, his most heavily promoted and best-selling LP releases tended to be concert albums. This summary discography lists only the albums and singles that reached the top of one or more of the following charts: the main U.S. Billboard pop chart; the Billboard country chart, the genre chart with which he was most identified (there was no country album chart before 1964); and the official British pop chart.g In the United States, Presley also had five or six number one R&B singles and seven number one adult contemporary singles;h in 1964, his "Blue Christmas" topped the Christmas singles chart during a period when Billboard did not rank holiday singles in its primary pop chart.[241][352] He also had number one hits in many countries beside the United States and United Kingdom.
Number one albums[link]
| Year | Album | Type | Chart positions | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US[353] | US Country[354] | UK[259][355] | |||
| 1956 | Elvis Presley | studio/comp. | 1 | n.a. | 1 |
| Elvis | studio | 1 | n.a. | 3 | |
| 1957 | Loving You | sound./studio | 1 | n.a. | 1 |
| Elvis' Christmas Album | studio | 1 | n.a. | 2 | |
| 1960 | Elvis Is Back! | studio | 2 | n.a. | 1 |
| G.I. Blues | soundtrack | 1 | n.a. | 1 | |
| 1961 | Something for Everybody | studio | 1 | n.a. | 2 |
| Blue Hawaii | soundtrack | 1 | n.a. | 1 | |
| 1962 | Pot Luck | studio | 4 | n.a. | 1 |
| 1964 | Roustabout | soundtrack | 1 | — | 12 |
| 1969 | From Elvis in Memphis | studio | 13 | 2 | 1 |
| 1973 | Aloha from Hawaii: Via Satellite | live | 1 | 1 | 11 |
| 1974 | Elvis: A Legendary Performer Volume 1 | compilation | 43 | 1 | 20 |
| 1975 | Promised Land | studio | 47 | 1 | 21 |
| 1976 | From Elvis Presley Boulevard, Memphis, Tennessee | studio | 41 | 1 | 29 |
| 1977 | Elvis' 40 Greatest | compilation | — | — | 1 |
| Moody Blue | studio/live | 3 | 1 | 3 | |
| Elvis in Concert | live | 5 | 1 | 13 | |
| 2002 | ELV1S: 30 #1 Hits | compilation | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 2007 | Elvis the King | compilation | — | — | 1 |
Number one singles[link]
Filmography[link]
Main article: Elvis Presley filmography
See also[link]
 |
Book: Elvis Presley |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
- Elvis Presley Enterprises
- Honorific nicknames in popular music
- List of artists by total number of UK number one singles
- List of best-selling music artists
- Personal relationships of Elvis Presley
Notes[link]
- ^ Note a: Although some pronounce his surname "PREZ-lee", Presley himself used the pronunciation of the American South, "PRESS-lee", as did his family and those who worked with him.[357] The correct spelling of his middle name has long been a matter of debate. The physician who delivered him wrote "Elvis Aaron Presley" in his ledger.[358] The state-issued birth certificate reads "Elvis Aron Presley". The name was chosen after the Presleys' friend and fellow congregation member Aaron Kennedy, though a single-A spelling was probably intended by Presley's parents in order to parallel the middle name of Presley's stillborn brother, Jesse Garon.[138] It reads Aron on most official documents produced during his lifetime, including his high school diploma, RCA record contract, and marriage license, and this was generally taken to be the proper spelling.[359] In 1966, Presley expressed the desire to his father that the more traditional biblical rendering, Aaron, be used henceforth, "especially on legal documents."[358] Five years later, the Jaycees citation honoring him as one of the country's Outstanding Young Men used Aaron. Late in his life, he sought to officially change the spelling to Aaron and discovered that state records already listed it that way. Knowing his wishes for his middle name, Aaron is the spelling his father chose for Presley's tombstone, and it is the spelling his estate has designated as official.[359]
- ^ Note b: According to a third cousin of Presley's, one of Gladys's great-grandmothers was Jewish.[360] There is no evidence that Presley or his mother shared this belief in a Jewish heritage. Syndicated columnist Nate Bloom has challenged the cousin's account, which he calls a "tall tale".[361]
- ^ Note c: Of the $40,000, $5,000 covered back royalties owed by Sun.[73]
- ^ Note d: In 1956–57, Presley was also credited as a cowriter on several songs where he had no hand in the writing process: "Heartbreak Hotel"; "Don't Be Cruel"; all four songs from his first film, including the title track, "Love Me Tender"; "Paralyzed"; and "All Shook Up".[362] He received credit on two other songs to which he did contribute: he provided the title for "That's Someone You Never Forget" (1961), written by his friend Red West; Presley and West collaborated with another friend, guitarist Charlie Hodge, on "You'll Be Gone" (1962).[363]
- ^ Note e: Whitburn follows actual Billboard history in considering the four songs on the "Don't Be Cruel/Hound Dog" and "Don't/I Beg of You" singles as distinct. He tallies each side of the former single as a number one (Billboard's sales chart had "Don't Be Cruel" at number one for five weeks, then "Hound Dog" for six) and reckons "I Beg of You" as a top ten, as it reached number eight on the old Top 100 chart. Billboard now considers both singles as unified items, ignoring the historical sales split of the former and its old Top 100 chart entirely. Whitburn thus analyzes the four songs as yielding three number ones and a total of four top tens. Billboard now states that they yielded just two number ones and a total of two top tens, voiding the separate chart appearances of "Hound Dog" and "I Beg of You".
- ^ Note f: VH1 ranked Presley #8 among the "100 Greatest Artists of Rock & Roll" in 1998.[364] The BBC ranked him as the #2 "Voice of the Century" in 2001.[365] Rolling Stone placed him #3 in its list of "The Immortals: The Fifty Greatest Artists of All Time" in 2004.[366] CMT ranked him #15 among the "40 Greatest Men in Country Music" in 2005.[367] The Discovery Channel placed him #8 on its "Greatest American" list in 2005.[368] Variety put him in the top ten of its "100 Icons of the Century" in 2005.[369] The Atlantic Monthly ranked him #66 among the "100 Most Influential Figures in American History" in 2006.[370]
- ^ Note g: (1) The year given is the year the record first reached number one, rather than its original year of release. For instance, in 1974, Elvis' 40 Greatest, a compilation on the budget Arcade label, was the fourth highest selling album of the year in the United Kingdom; at the time, the main British chart did not rank such compilations, relegating them to a chart for midpriced and TV-advertised albums, which Elvis' 40 Greatest topped for 15 weeks.[371] The policy was altered in 1975, allowing the album to hit number one on the main chart in 1977, following Presley's death.[372] (2) Before late 1958, rather than unified pop and country singles charts, Billboard had as many as four charts for each, separately ranking records according to sales, jukebox play, jockey spins (i.e., airplay), and, in the case of pop, a general Top 100. Billboard now regards the sales charts as definitive for the period. Widely cited chart statistician Joel Whitburn accords historical releases the highest ranking they achieved among the separate charts. Presley discographer Ernst Jorgensen refers only to the Top 100 chart for pop hits. All of the 1956–58 songs listed here as number one U.S. pop hits reached the top of both the sales and, with three exceptions, the Top 100 charts: "I Want You, I Need You, I Love You" (three), "Hound Dog" (two, behind its flip side, "Don't Be Cruel"), and "Hard Headed Woman" (two). (3) Several Presley singles reached number one in the United Kingdom as double A-sides; in the United States, the respective sides of those singles were ranked separately by Billboard.
- ^ Note h: Whitburn calculates a total of six number one R&B singles, including "Don't Be Cruel", released as a double A-side with "Hound Dog";[352] Billboard's Keith Caulfield excludes "Don't Be Cruel".[241]
Citations[link]
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- ^ Victor 2008, pp. 438–39.
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- ^ a b Collins 2002.
- ^ Guralnick & Jorgensen 1999, p. 3.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 13–14.
- ^ Dundy 2004, pp. 13, 16, 20–22, 26.
- ^ Dundy 2004, p. 60.
- ^ Kamphoefner 2009, p. 33.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 11–12, 23–24.
- ^ Victor 2008, p. 419.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 12–14.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 15–16.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 17–18.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 19.
- ^ Dundy 2004, p. 101.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 23.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 23–26.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 19–21.
- ^ Dundy 2004, pp. 95–96.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 32–33.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 36.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 35–38.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 40–41.
- ^ Stanley & Coffey 1998, p. 20.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 43, 44, 49.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 44, 46, 51.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 52–53.
- ^ a b Guralnick 1994, p. 171.
- ^ a b Matthew-Walker 1979, p. 3.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 46–48, 358.
- ^ Wadey 2004.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 47–48, 77–78.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 51.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 38–40.
- ^ a b c d e Guralnick 2004.
- ^ Bertrand 2000, p. 205.
- ^ Szatmary 1996, p. 35.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 54.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 8.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 62–64.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 65.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 77.
- ^ Cusic 1988, p. 10.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 80.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 83.
- ^ Miller 2000, p. 72.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, pp. 10–11.
- ^ Marcus 1982, p. 174.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 94–97.
- ^ Ponce de Leon 2007, p. 43.
- ^ a b Guralnick 1994, pp. 100–1.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 102–4.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 105, 139.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 106, 108–11.
- ^ a b Guralnick 1994, p. 110.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 117–27, 131.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 119.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 128–30.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 127–28, 135–42.
- ^ Burke & Griffin 2006, pp. 61, 176.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 152, 156, 182.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 144, 159, 167–68.
- ^ Nash 2003, pp. 6–12.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 163.
- ^ Bertrand 2000, p. 104.
- ^ Hopkins 2007, p. 53.
- ^ Guralnick & Jorgensen 1999, p. 45.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 29.
- ^ Rogers 1982, p. 41.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 217–19.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 31.
- ^ a b Stanley & Coffey 1998, pp. 28–29.
- ^ Escott 1998, p. 421.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, pp. 36, 54.
- ^ Stanley & Coffey 1998, p. 29.
- ^ Guffey 2006, p. 127.
- ^ Miles et al. 2008, p. 32.
- ^ a b c Stanley & Coffey 1998, p. 30.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 235–36.
- ^ Slaughter & Nixon 2004, p. 21.
- ^ Guralnick & Jorgensen 1999, pp. 50, 54, 64.
- ^ Hilburn 2005.
- ^ Rodman 1996, p. 28.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 262–63.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 267.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 274.
- ^ a b Victor 2008, p. 315.
- ^ Guralnick & Jorgensen 1999, pp. 72–73.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 273, 284.
- ^ Fensch 2001, pp. 14–18.
- ^ a b Burke & Griffin 2006, p. 52.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 49.
- ^ Gould 1956.
- ^ a b Guralnick & Jorgensen 1999, p. 73.
- ^ a b c d e Marcus 2006.
- ^ Marsh 1982, p. 100.
- ^ Austen 2005, p. 13.
- ^ Allen 1992, p. 270.
- ^ Keogh 2004, p. 73.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 51.
- ^ Guralnick & Jorgensen 1999, pp. 80–81.
- ^ Whitburn 1993, p. 5.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, pp. 60–65.
- ^ a b Austen 2005, p. 16.
- ^ Edgerton 2007, p. 187.
- ^ Brown & Broeske 1997, p. 93.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 338.
- ^ a b Gibson 2005.
- ^ a b Victor 2008, p. 439.
- ^ Jezer 1982, p. 281.
- ^ Moore & Dickerson 1997, p. 175.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 343.
- ^ a b Marsh 1980, p. 395.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 71.
- ^ Palladino 1996, p. 131.
- ^ Stanley & Coffey 1998, p. 37.
- ^ Clayton & Heard 2003, pp. 117–18.
- ^ Keogh 2004, p. 90.
- ^ Guralnick & Jorgensen 1999, p. 95.
- ^ Salisbury 1957, p. 4.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 395–97.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 406–8, 452.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 399–402, 428–30, 437–40.
- ^ a b Guralnick 1994, p. 400.
- ^ a b Guralnick 1994, p. 430.
- ^ Turner 2004, p. 104.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 437.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 431.
- ^ Freierman 2008.
- ^ Grein 2008.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 431–35.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 448–49.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, pp. 461–74.
- ^ Victor 2008, p. 27.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 466–67.
- ^ Guralnick 1994, p. 474–80.
- ^ a b Guralnick 1994, p. 13.
- ^ Ponce de Leon 2007, p. 115.
- ^ Guralnick 1999, p. 21.
- ^ Guralnick 1999, pp. 47, 49, 55, 60, 73.
- ^ Clayton & Heard 2003, p. 160.
- ^ Victor 2008, p. 415.
- ^ Presley 1985, p. 40.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 107.
- ^ Whitburn 2004, p. 501.
- ^ Marcus 1982, p. 278.
- ^ Matthew-Walker 1979, p. 49.
- ^ Slaughter & Nixon 2004, p. 54.
- ^ Matthew-Walker 1979, p. 19.
- ^ Slaughter & Nixon 2004, p. 57.
- ^ Marcus 1982, pp. 279–80.
- ^ Robertson 2004, p. 50.
- ^ Guralnick 1999, pp. 44, 62–63.
- ^ Gordon 2005, pp. 110, 114.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 148.
- ^ Robertson 2004, p. 52.
- ^ Gordon 2005, pp. 110, 119.
- ^ Ponce de Leon 2007, p. 133.
- ^ Caine 2005, p. 21.
- ^ Fields 2007.
- ^ a b Guralnick 1994, p. 449.
- ^ Kirchberg & Hendrickx 1999, p. 67.
- ^ Lisanti 2000, pp. 19, 136.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 201.
- ^ Hopkins 2002, p. 32.
- ^ Matthew-Walker 1979, p. 66.
- ^ Marsh 2004, p. 650.
- ^ Guralnick 1999, pp. 261–63.
- ^ Kirchberg & Hendrickx 1999, p. 73.
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- ^ Rolling Stone 2009.
- ^ Guralnick 1999, p. 171.
- ^ Whitburn 2004, pp. 502–3.
- ^ Kubernick 2008, p. 4.
- ^ Guralnick 1999, pp. 293, 296.
- ^ a b c Kubernick 2008, p. 26.
- ^ Hopkins 2007, p. 215.
- ^ Marsh 2004, p. 649.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 277.
- ^ Marsh 1980, p. 396.
- ^ Gordon 2005, p. 146.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 283.
- ^ Guralnick 1999, pp. 346–47.
- ^ Gordon 2005, pp. 149–50.
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- ^ Moyer 2002, p. 73.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 287.
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- ^ Stanley & Coffey 1998, p. 94.
- ^ Stanley & Coffey 1998, p. 95.
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- ^ Stanley & Coffey 1998, p. 96.
- ^ Robertson 2004, p. 70.
- ^ Stanley & Coffey 1998, p. 99.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, pp. 284, 286, 307–8, 313, 326, 338, 357–58.
- ^ Guralnick 1999, pp. 419–22.
- ^ The Beatles 2000, p. 192.
- ^ Jorgensen 1998, p. 321.
- ^ Guralnick & Jorgensen 1999, pp. 299–300.
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Further reading[link]
- Allen, Lew (2007). Elvis and the Birth of Rock. Genesis. ISBN 1-905662-00-9.
- Ann-Margret and Todd Gold (1994). Ann-Margret: My Story. G.P. Putnam's Sons. ISBN 0-399-13891-9.
- Cantor, Louis (2005). Dewey and Elvis: The Life and Times of a Rock 'n' Roll Deejay. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-02981-X.
- Dickerson, James L. (2001). Colonel Tom Parker: The Curious Life of Elvis Presley's Eccentric Manager. Cooper Square Press. ISBN 0-8154-1267-3.
- Finstad, Suzanne (1997). Child Bride: The Untold Story of Priscilla Beaulieu Presley. Harmony Books. ISBN 0-517-70585-0.
- Goldman, Albert (1981). Elvis. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-023657-7.
- Goldman, Albert (1990). Elvis: The Last 24 Hours. St. Martin's. ISBN 0-312-92541-7.
- Klein, George (2010). Elvis: My Best Man: Radio Days, Rock 'n' Roll Nights, and My Lifelong Friendship with Elvis Presley. Virgin Books. ISBN 978-0-307-45274-0
- Marcus, Greil (1999). Dead Elvis: A Chronicle of a Cultural Obsession. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-19422-5.
- Marcus, Greil (2000). Double Trouble: Bill Clinton and Elvis Presley in a Land of No Alternative. Picador. ISBN 0-571-20676-X.
- Nash, Alanna (2010). Baby, Let's Play House: Elvis Presley and the Women Who Loved Him. It Books. ISBN 0-06-169984-5.
- West, Red, Sonny West, and Dave Hebler (as told to Steve Dunleavy) (1977). Elvis: What Happened? Bantam Books. ISBN 0-345-27215-3.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Elvis Presley |
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Elvis Presley |
- Elvis Presley at the Internet Movie Database
- Elvis Presley at AllRovi
- Elvis Presley discography at Discogs
- Elvis Presley Enterprises official site of the Elvis Presley brand
- Elvis The Music official record label site
- Elvis Presley Interviews on officially sanctioned Elvis Australia site
- Elvis Presley at the Open Directory Project
- Elvis Presley Ancestry at Genealogy.com
- Elvis Presley 1955 interview material on Pop Chronicles
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Presley, Elvis Aaron |
| Alternative names | Presley, Elvis Aaron |
| Short description | American singer, song producer and actor; "The King of Rock'n'Roll" |
| Date of birth | (1935-01-08)January 8, 1935 |
| Place of birth | Tupelo, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Date of death | August 16, 1977(1977-08-16) |
| Place of death | Memphis, Tennessee, USA |
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