Ruth Landes
Born	(1908-10-08)October 8, 1908 New York City, New York
Died	February 11, 1991(1991-02-11) Hamilton, Ontario
Education	Ph.D., Columbia University (1935)
Occupation	Anthropologist

Ruth Landes (October 8, 1908, New York City - February 11, 1991, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada) was an American cultural anthropologist best known for studies on Brazilian candomblé cults and her published study on the topic, City of Women (1947). Landes is recognized by some as a pioneer in the study of race and gender relations.^[1]

Biography[link]

Ruth Schlossberg was born in Manhattan, the daughter of Russian Jewish immigrants. Her father was Joseph Schlossberg, a co-founder and long-term secretary-general ^[2] of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America.^[3] Landes received her B.A. in Sociology from New York University in 1928, and a Masters degree from The New York School of Social Work (now part of Columbia University) in 1929, before studying for her doctorate in anthropology at Columbia University. She earned her Ph.D. in 1935 under the mentorship of Ruth Benedict, a pioneer in the field of anthropology and student of Franz Boas.^[4]

Field studies[link]

Landes began researching the social organization and religious practices of marginalized subjects with her masters thesis on Black Jews in Harlem. Seeking to enhance her analysis of this group, she contacted Professor Boas, who suggested she move into the field of anthropology.^[5] Under Benedict's tutelage, Landes shifted her focus toward Native Americans - the more traditional anthropological subjects. Between 1932 and 1936, she undertook field work with the Ojibwa of Ontario and Minnesota, the Santee Dakota in Minnesota, and the Potawatomi in Kansas. Using her notes from these trips, Landes produced a large body of written research, including the landmark texts Ojibwa Sociology (1937), Ojibwa Woman (1938), and, much later, Ojibwa Religion and the Midewiwin (1968) and The Mystic Lake Sioux (1968). In Ojibwa Sociology and Ojibwa Woman, Landes provides notes on kinship, religious rites and social organization, and in the latter, through the tales of chief informant Maggie Wilson, reported how women navigated within gender roles to assert their economic and social autonomy. In Ojibwa Religion and The Mystic Lake Sioux, Landes discussed her subjects' strategies to maintain religious and cultural beliefs and practices, while also responding to rapid changes in their cultural and political environment.

In 1938-1939, Ruth Landes worked in Bahia, Brazil, to study religious syncretism and identity construction among Afro-Brazilian candomblé practictioners. She wrote that the women-centered sphere of candomblé was a source of power for certain disenfranchised blacks and a creative outlet for what she called "passive homosexuals".^[6] In her published work on these findings, City of Women (1947), Landes discussed how racial politics in Brazil shape many candomblé practices. She returned to Brazil in 1966 to study the effects of urban development in Rio de Janeiro.

Career[link]

For much of her professional career, Ruth Landes held a number of contract research positions. In 1939, she became a researcher for Gunnar Myrdal's study of African Americans. In 1941, she became research director for the Office of the Coordinator for Inter-American Affairs. In 1941-1945, she was the representative for African-American and Mexican-American Affairs on President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Committee on Fair Employment Practices. At the same time, she began to study the Acadians of Louisiana. In 1948-1951, she was study director of the American Jewish Commission in New York. She was a consultant on Jewish families of New York for Ruth Benedict's Research in Contemporary Cultures during 1949-1951. In 1950-1952, Landes studied problems of immigrants of Asian and African descent in the United Kingdom. During 1946-1947 and again in the late 1950s and early 1960s, Landes lived in California and, through several consultantships, became involved with the study of Hispanic/Latino culture. At the same time, she began cross-cultural studies on minority education and the processes and effects of aging. In 1968, she began an investigation of bilingualism and bi-culturalism that developed from her interest in Quebec nationalism in Canada. The project took her to Spain and Nevada to study the Basques, to Switzerland to examine the four language groups there, and to South Africa to study the interaction of Africans, English-speakers, and Afrikaans-speakers. She resumed interest in the Acadians of Louisiana in 1963.

Until 1965, Landes's institutional affiliations consisted of fairly short-term appointments. Besides those already named, she was an instructor at Brooklyn College in 1937 and at Fisk University in 1937-1938. She was a lecturer at the William Alanson White Psychiatric Institution in New York in 1953-1954 and at the New School for Social Research in New York in 1953-1955. She was a visiting professor at the University of Kansas in 1957 and at the University of Southern California in 1957-1965. In 1959-1962, she was visiting professor and director of the anthropology and education program at the Claremont Graduate School. She was an extension lecturer at Columbia University and at Los Angeles State College in 1963, a visiting professor at Tulane University during the early months of 1964, and a visiting professor at the University of Kansas in the summer of 1964. Her association with McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, began in 1965 and continued after 1977 with her appointment as professor emerita.

Death and legacy[link]

Ruth Landes died in Hamilton, Ontario on February 11, 1991, at the age of 82.^[7] Landes' final place of work, McMaster University, has established The Ruth Landes Prize awarded each year to the student who has demonstrated outstanding academic achievement in anthropology.^[8] Additionally, the Ruth Landes Memorial Research Fund funds interdisciplinary scholarship on the various subjects that were of interest to her during her professional and academic career.^[9] Her professional papers, photographs and collected artifacts from the field are archived in the National Anthropological Archives at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.

Bibliography[link]

Selected books

• Ojibwa Sociology (1937)
• The Ojibwa Woman (1938) ISBN 0-8032-7969-8
• The City of Women (1947) ISBN 0-8263-1556-9
• Culture in American Education: Anthropological Approaches to Minority and Dominant Groups in the Schools (1965)
• Latin Americans of the Southwest (1965)
• A cidade das mulheres (1967) (Portuguese translation of The City of Women.)
• The Mystic Lake Sioux: Sociology of the Mdewakantonwan Sioux (1968)
• Ojibwa Religion and the Midewiwin (1968)
• The Prairie Potawatomi: Tradition and Ritual in the Twentieth Century (1970)

References[link]

• Cole, Sally. 2003. Ruth Landes: A Life in Anthropology. University of Nebraska.
• Register to the Papers of Ruth Schlossberg Landes, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Tagged since November 2011. It relies on references to primary sources or sources affiliated with the subject, rather than references from independent authors and third-party publications. Tagged since November 2011. Its references may not meet Wikipedia's guidelines for reliable sources. Tagged since November 2011. It may contain original research. Tagged since November 2011. It may contain wording that merely promotes the subject without imparting verifiable information. Tagged since November 2011.

The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for music. Please help to establish notability by adding reliable, secondary sources about the topic. If notability cannot be established, the article is likely to be merged, redirected, or deleted. (November 2011)

Dawn Landes is a Louisville, Kentucky-born, New York City-based musician who performs under her own name. She is also a sometimes-member of the band Hem, where she has lent her voice to harmony vocals, and plays glockenspiel. She has worked as an audio engineer at Stratosphere Sound in New York City and at Philip Glass' own personal recording studio. She has shared the stage with artists such as Suzanne Vega, José González, Feist, The Weakerthans, Andrew Bird, Midlake, Alexi Murdoch and many others.

As a solo artist, Landes has put out four records:

• Dawn's Music (self-released-US/Ocean Music-Europe) 2002
• two, three, four (Boy Scout recordings-UK) 2006
• Fireproof (Cooking Vinyl-US/Fargo Music-Europe) 2008
• Sweet Heart Rodeo (Cooking Vinyl) 2009

Having released Sweet Heart Rodeo in Europe in September 2009, Landes is actively touring to support its release. She has been enjoying much critical success and has done a variety of radio performance including NPR's World Cafe.

Landes is a member of all-girl trio The Bandana Splits who are releasing their debut album August 16, 2011.

Landes was married to musician Josh Ritter.

Songs in Other Media[link]

• Two of her songs, "Kissing Song" and "You Alone", are featured in the 2005 film Winter Passing. "Kissing Song" was played during the ending credit.
• She also contributed a song (Lullaby for Tony) for the closing credits of the 2008 film Savage Grace.
• The song "Straight Lines" was used in an episode of the Showtime series United States of Tara. It was also used in a commercial for the Chrysler Town and Country.
• It was also used in a television advertisement for Transport for London in the UK.^[1]
• "Straight Lines" was also used at the end of the documental "When Harry Left Hogwarts" released as special feature in the BluRay version of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2.^[2]
• The song "Drive" was used in the "Under My Skin" episode of the fifth season of the Fox series House M.D.
• The hidden track "Won't Back Down", a cover of Tom Petty, was used for a Human Rights Campaign video supporting the repeal of Proposition 8.^[3]
• The track "Toy Piano" from the album Fireproof was used in an episode of Californication and Bored to Death.
• The track "Twilight" from the album Fireproof was used as incidental music in an episode of Holby City.
• The track "Mud and Stars" was used in the fifth episode of the Australian mini-series Underbelly: A Tale of Two Cities.
• "All Dressed in White" was used in the series four premiere of Skins.

References[link]

External links[link]

• Dawn Landes' homepage
• Official MySpace page
• No Depression Town and Coutntry Featured Artist
• The Bandana Splits Facebook Page

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Ruth Moody
Ruth Moody performing in Ireby, England, on May 24, 2008. Photo by Nick Robinson
Background information
Born	Australia
Origin	Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Genres	Folk music
Occupations	Singer-songwriter
Instruments	Vocals, guitar, piano, bodhran, accordion, banjo
Years active	1997–present
Associated acts	The Wailin' Jennys.
Website	www.ruthmoody.com

Ruth Moody is an Australian-born soprano singer-songwriter and member of the Canadian folk trio The Wailin' Jennys.

Biography[link]

Moody grew up in Winnipeg, Manitoba with her parents, Charles and Marcelline, and three siblings, older brother Richard (The Bills), older sister Jane and younger sister Rachel.^[1] She was trained classically from the age of four but unlike her two sisters and brother she did not take to a stringed instrument, and from her mid-teens began to train vocally instead. In 1993 she began to study English and French literature at university with the intent of becoming a teacher like both her parents. She changed her course in 1996 and decided to forge a life out of folk music instead.

Moody's first band was the Juno-nominated roots band Scruj MacDuhk, for whom she was lead singer from 1997 until the group's break up in 2001. After this split Ruth began to focus on her songwriting and picked up the guitar, adding it to her repertoire of piano, bodhran, accordion and banjo. It was also at this time that she started a musical collaboration with Nicky Mehta and Cara Luft. In 2002 the three took to the stage as The Wailin' Jennys. The Jennys (now Ruth Moody, Nicky Mehta and New York-based Heather Masse) have won international critical acclaim and numerous awards including Juno awards for their albums 40 Days and Bright Morning Stars. They have toured in North America, Europe and Australia.

Since 2002 Moody has released four full-length albums and an EP with The Wailin' Jennys, and an album with two ex-members of Scruj MacDuhk, Jeremy Penner and Oliver Swain, called South Bound. In July 2002 she released a solo EP called Blue Muse and in April 2010 she released her first full-length solo album, The Garden, produced by David Travers-Smith. The Garden was critically acclaimed and nominated for a Juno award, a Western Canadian Music Award, and three Canadian Folk Music Awards.

Moody has received recognition for several of her compositions in the USA Songwriting Competition and the International Songwriting Competition. In April 2012 she won first prize in the International Songwriting Competition (Gospel Category) for her song 'Storm Comin'.

Discography[link]

• Live at the West End Cultural Centre (1997) - with Scruj MacDuhk
• The Road to Canso (1999) - with Scruj MacDuhk
• The Wailin' Jennys EP (2002) - with The Wailin' Jennys
• Blue Muse (2002) - Solo EP
• South Bound (2003) - with Moody Penner and Swain
• 40 Days (2004) - with The Wailin' Jennys
• Firecracker (2006) - with The Wailin' Jennys
• Putumayo - Women of the World Acoustic (2007) - with the Wailin' Jennys - compilation featuring Moody's One Voice
• Down at the Sea Hotel (2007) - with the Wailin' Jennys - compilation of lullabies featuring Red House Records artists
• Live at the Mauch Chunk Opera House (2009) - with The Wailin' Jennys
• The Garden (2010) - Solo album
• Bright Morning Stars (2011) - with The Wailin' Jennys

References[link]

• Official website biography
• Wailin' Jennys biography

1. ^ [1]

A Career in Full Bloom: Ruth Moody Lovingly Tends to The Garden

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Ruth Moody

• Ruth Moody official website
• The Wailin' Jennys official website
• Ruth Moody on Myspace

Tom Liwa
Performing at Zeche Zollverein in 2007.
Background information
Birth name	Thomas Greiner
Born	(1961-10-25) October 25, 1961 (age 50) Duisburg, Germany
Genres	rock
Occupations	Singer-songwriter
Instruments	Vocals, guitar
Years active	1985 – present
Labels	Glitterhouse, Ludwig (Indigo), Normal (Indigo), Scratch'N' (Indigo), Moll (EFA), V2 (Universal), Rough Trade
Associated acts	Flowerpornoes, Tim Isfort Orchester, Klee
Website	Tom Liwa's website Flowerpornoes website

Tom Liwa (born Thomas Greiner, October 25, 1961) is a German singer-songwriter who has been performing as a solo artist in addition to being a founding member and frontman of the band Flowerpornoes. While his artistic solo output long went unnoticed by German mainstream news sources and radio stations, he was recognised early on for his work with the band.^[1] In recent years, he has been receiving increased attention due both to a steady fan-base^[2] and various collaborations and contributions, e.g. to Klee's 2006 album Zwischen Himmel und Erde.^[3] Liwa has cited Joni Mitchell's Hejira as one of his favourite albums and as a major musical influence, and has named Neil Young as an early idol.^[4][5]

Tom Liwa is married to former fellow Flowerpornoes member Alexandra Gilles Videla, the couple has three children.

Life and career[link]

Flowerpornoes 1

In 1986, Tom Liwa was a founding member and became frontman of the band Flowerpornoes in his native Duisburg.

The four albums released during this period mainly featured English lyrics. Liwa has stated that he had in fact already begun writing German lyrics but that at the time German songtexts were considered "unhip". Although his English texts had received praise in music magazines, the later decision to begin recording songs in German rather than English was made in a conscious effort to address what Liwa perceived as a failure to communicate the deeper meanings in his lyrics to an audience beyond music critics.^[4]

After unfruitful attempts to score any major popular success and with mounting tensions between the band members and differing artistic visions, the Flowerpornoes disbanded shortly after the release of the 1990 album, As Trivial As Life And Death. Subsequent bids for a contract from a major record label failed, to Liwa's retrospective relief.^[6]

After the breakup, Tom Liwa toured with Blumfeld on their first tour. Other than that, he played only very minor gigs during the time. In his own retrospect account, he states that he considered his career finished at that point.^[6]

Flowerpornoes 2

The Flowerpornoes project was revived in 1993, culminating in the release of Mamas Pfirsiche (Für schlechte Zeiten). Two more albums followed, 1994's Red' nicht von Straßen, nicht von Zügen and Ich & Ich in 1996, before the band members parted ways again.

From 1995 to 1997, Liwa also contributed to the eponymous first album by the Tim Isfort Orchester project alongside Blixa Bargeld, Eva Kurowski, Katharina Thalbach and others.^[7][8]

Solo career

After the second breakup of the Flowerpornoes, Tom Liwa began work on his first solo album. Due to participation in a number of other projects, it took four years to complete and publish St. Amour in 2000. The earlier Voeding, released in 1998, was a collection of songs released as mailorder only. The final track of St. Amour is a non-musical piece called "Wir haben die Musik" ("we have the music"), spoken by Christian Brückner whose voice is well-known throughout Germany as the dubbing voice for Robert De Niro and other actors.^[2][9][10] Also during the time, Liwa featured on Kevin Coyne's Knocking On Your Brain, published in 1997.^[11]

More solo albums followed since then, 2004's Dudajim being the latest of those that have not been published as mailorder only.

Flowerpornoes 3

On July 25, 2005, the Flowerpornoes performed together for the first time since the 1996 breakup. The occasion was a concert in Cologne, organised as part of the campaign "nrw retten, taz abonnieren" ("save NRW, subscribe to taz") by newspaper die tageszeitung's North Rhine-Westphalia edition, which at the time was struggling financially.^[12]

In 2007, after a hiatus of more than ten years, a new Flowerpornoes album was released, Wie oft musst du vor die Wand laufen bis der Himmel sich auftut? The album has received considerably greater mainstream attention than any prior work of Tom Liwa.^{[13][14][15][16]}

One of the songs on the album is called "Österreich", an allusion to the band's website being located within the Austrian top-level domain .at because the German top-level domain URL (flowerpornoes.de) is registered by someone not related to the band in any form.^[17]

Discography[link]

Other featured contributions

• He featured as an extra, portraying a musician in the 1999 film Pola X.^[18]
• The song Julianastraat from the 2000 album, St. Amour, is featured on the soundtrack for the film The Edukators.^[19]
• Among other prominent German-language authors, Tom Liwa contributed to an anthology called texttourimus (the title being a pun on sex tourism). The entire revenue generated by the volume, published in November 2005 in collaboration with UNICEF, was donated to a charitable organisation.^[20]

References[link]

Volker Bouffier
Volker Bouffier, 2010
Minister President of Hesse
Incumbent
Assumed office 31 August 2010
Deputy	Jörg-Uwe Hahn
Preceded by	Roland Koch
Minister of Interior of Hesse
In office 7 April 1999 – 31 August 2010
Prime Minister	Roland Koch
Preceded by	Gerhard Bökel
Succeeded by	Boris Rhein
Secretary of State for Justice of Hesse
In office 24 April 1987 – 5 April 1991
Prime Minister	Walter Wallmann
Preceded by	Hans Joachim Suchan
Succeeded by	Dieter Schmidt
Chairman of CDU Hesse
Incumbent
Assumed office 12 Jun 2010
Prime Minister	Roland Koch Volker Bouffier
Deputy	Franz Josef Jung Eva Kühne-Hörmann Lucia Puttrich
Preceded by	Roland Koch
Personal details
Born	(1951-12-18) December 18, 1951 (age 60) Gießen,  West Germany
Nationality	German
Political party	CDU
Religion	Lutheranism

Volker Bouffier (b. 18 December 1951 in Gießen) is a German politician of the Christian Democratic Union. Since August 31, 2010, he is the Minister-president of the German state of Hesse. Additionally, he has been the chairman of Hesse's CDU since July 2010. From 1999 to 2010, he was minister of interior and sports in the state of Hesse.

v t e Ministers-President of Hesse People's State of Hesse (est. 1918) Carl Ulrich Bernhard Adelung Nazi period (1933-1945) Ferdinand Werner Philipp Wilhelm Jung Jakob Sprenger Greater Hesse (1945-1946) Ludwig Bergsträsser Karl Geiler Modern Hesse (since 1946) Christian Stock Georg August Zinn Albert Osswald Holger Börner Walter Wallmann Hans Eichel Roland Koch Volker Bouffier

v t e Current heads of government of the States of Germany States Winfried Kretschmann (Baden-Württemberg) · Horst Seehofer (Bavaria) · Klaus Wowereit (Berlin) · Matthias Platzeck (Brandenburg) · Jens Böhrnsen (Bremen) · Olaf Scholz (Hamburg) · Volker Bouffier (Hesse) · David McAllister (Lower Saxony) · Erwin Sellering (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) · Hannelore Kraft (North Rhine-Westphalia) · Kurt Beck (Rhineland-Palatinate) · Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer (Saarland) · Stanislaw Tillich (Saxony) · Reiner Haseloff (Saxony-Anhalt) · Peter Harry Carstensen (Schleswig-Holstein) · Christine Lieberknecht (Thuringia) Italic = President of Federal Council

References[link]