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- Alpine-steppe
- Altay Mountains
- Anatolia
- Andes
- Argentina
- Armenia
- Asia
- Athens
- Australia
- Biome
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Alberta
Alberta is the most populous of Canada's three prairie provinces. It covers nearly the same land area as the state of Texas, and had a population of 3.7 million in 2009. It became a province on September 1, 1905, on the same day as Saskatchewan.
http://wn.com/Alberta -
Anatolia
Anatolia (, from Greek '; also Asia Minor, from , ') is a geographic and historical term denoting the westernmost protrusion of Asia, comprising the majority of the Republic of Turkey. The region is bounded by the Black Sea to the north, Georgia to the northeast, the Armenian Highland to the east, Mesopotamia to the southeast, the Mediterranean Sea to the south and the Aegean Sea to the west. Anatolia has been home to many civilizations throughout history, such as the Hittites, Phrygians, Lydians, Persians, Greeks, Assyrians, Armenians, Romans, Byzantines, Anatolian Seljuks and Ottomans. As a result, Anatolia is one of the archeologically richest areas in the world.
http://wn.com/Anatolia -
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic (, ), is the second largest country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations, though Mexico, Colombia and Spain are more populous.
http://wn.com/Argentina -
Armenia
http://wn.com/Armenia -
Australia
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Australia -
British Columbia
British Columbia (B.C.) (, C.-B.) is the westernmost of Canada's provinces and is known for its natural beauty, as reflected in its Latin motto, Splendor sine occasu ("Splendour without Diminishment"). Its name was chosen by Queen Victoria in 1858. In 1871, it became the sixth province of Canada.
http://wn.com/British_Columbia -
California
California (pronounced ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third-largest by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California is also the most populous sub-national entity in North America. It's on the U.S. West Coast, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and by the states of Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, Baja California, Mexico, to the south. Its 5 largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Long Beach, with Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose each having at least 1 million residents. Like many populous states, California's capital, Sacramento is smaller than the state's largest city, Los Angeles. The state is home to the nation's 2nd- and 6th-largest census statistical areas and 8 of the nation's 50 most populous cities. California has a varied climate and geography and a multi-cultural population.
http://wn.com/California -
Channeled Scablands
The Channeled Scablands are a unique geological erosion feature in the U.S. state of Washington. They were created by the cataclysmic Missoula Floods that swept periodically across eastern Washington and down the Columbia River Plateau during the Pleistocene epoch. Geologist J Harlen Bretz coined the term in a series of papers in the 1920s. Debate over the origin of the Scablands raged for four decades and is one of the great debates in the history of earth science.
http://wn.com/Channeled_Scablands -
Greece
http://wn.com/Greece -
Hungary
http://wn.com/Hungary -
Iran
Iran ( ), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in Central Eurasia and Western Asia. The name Iran has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was also known to the western world as Persia. Both Persia and Iran are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.
http://wn.com/Iran -
Kazakhstan
http://wn.com/Kazakhstan -
Koppet Dag
http://wn.com/Koppet_Dag -
Mexico
Mexico, (pronounced ; ), officially known as the United Mexican States (), is a federal constitutional republic in North America. It is bordered on the north by the United States; on the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; on the southeast by Guatemala, Belize, and the Caribbean Sea; and on the east by the Gulf of Mexico. Covering almost 2 million square kilometres (over 760,000 sq mi), Mexico is the fifth-largest country in the Americas by total area and the 14th largest independent nation in the world. With an estimated population of 111 million, it is the 11th most populous country and the most populous Hispanophone country on Earth. Mexico is a federation comprising thirty-one states and a Federal District, the capital city.
http://wn.com/Mexico -
Mongolia
Mongolia (; ) is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It is bordered by Russia to the north and the People's Republic of China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its western-most point is only from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulaanbaatar, the capital and largest city, is home to about 38% of the population. Mongolia's political system is a parliamentary republic.
http://wn.com/Mongolia -
Murcia
Murcia (), a city in south-eastern Spain, is the capital and most populous city of the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia, and the seventh largest city in the country, with a population of 436,870 inhabitants in 2009 (about one third of the total population of the Region). The population of the metropolitan area was 638,217 in 2008.
http://wn.com/Murcia -
Musgrave Ranges
Musgrave Ranges is a mountain range in Central Australia, straddling the boundary of South Australia (Anangu Pitjantjatjara Yankunytjatjara) and the Northern Territory (MacDonnell Shire), extending into Western Australia. It is between the Great Victoria Desert to the south and the Gibson Desert to the north. They have a length of and many peaks that have a height of more than , the highest being Mount Woodroffe at .
http://wn.com/Musgrave_Ranges -
New Zealand
{{Infobox Country
http://wn.com/New_Zealand -
Pampa
http://wn.com/Pampa -
Patagonia
http://wn.com/Patagonia -
Portugal
Portugal (, ), officially the Portuguese Republic (; ), is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east. The Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are also part of Portugal.
http://wn.com/Portugal -
Reno, Nevada
Reno is the county seat of Washoe County, Nevada, United States. The city has a population of about 220,500 and is the fourth most populous city in Nevada, after Las Vegas, Henderson, and North Las Vegas. It sits in a high desert valley at the foot of the Sierra Nevada.
http://wn.com/Reno_Nevada -
Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
http://wn.com/Russia -
Sahara
The Sahara (, , "The Greatest Desert") is the world's largest hot desert. At over
http://wn.com/Sahara -
Siberia
Siberia ( ), is a vast region, constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union (USSR) from its beginning, as the preceding Russian Empire conquered it in the 16th century.
http://wn.com/Siberia -
Spain
Spain ( ; , ), officially the Kingdom of Spain (), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
http://wn.com/Spain -
Texas
Texas () is the second-largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state in the contiguous United States.
http://wn.com/Texas -
Tian Shan
http://wn.com/Tian_Shan -
Turkey
Turkey (), known officially as the Republic of Turkey (), is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between Eastern Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
http://wn.com/Turkey -
Turkmenistan
The Turkmenistan (), also known as Turkmenia () is one of the Turkic states in Central Asia. Until 1991, it was a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkmen SSR). Turkmenistan is one of the six independent Turkic states. It is bordered by Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, Uzbekistan to the east and northeast, Kazakhstan to the north and northwest and the Caspian Sea to the west.
http://wn.com/Turkmenistan -
Ukraine
Ukraine ( ; , transliterated: , ), with its area of 603,628 km2, is the second largest country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by the Russian Federation to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast respectively.
http://wn.com/Ukraine -
United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
http://wn.com/United_States -
Uzbekistan
http://wn.com/Uzbekistan -
Zaragoza
http://wn.com/Zaragoza
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Soil
Soil is a natural body consisting of layers (soil horizons) of mineral constituents of variable thicknesses, which differ from the parent materials in their morphological, physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics. It is composed of particles of broken rock that have been altered by chemical and environmental processes that include weathering and erosion. Soil differs from its parent rock due to interactions between the lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and the biosphere. It is a mixture of mineral and organic constituents that are in solid, gaseous and aqueous states.
http://wn.com/Soil
karaoke
Son of Europa raise up your head
Wherever you see plain
Before it was a forest
Under the ice, have remained the traces
Of our arms!
When it's full moon
When the wind blows
Along with the path, you can hear a song
A song which tales, where we began to fight!
Invisible enemies
Along the path we crossed by
Between us different languages, but one tradition
Between us different nations, but one legion
We began spring
The woods where green (and) the trees in bloom
Beyond these mountains
There, where we stopped
Wounded by winter
We the new soldiers, while our hearts
Feel like we are Gods
Like we are silver eagles
We, the frozen eagles
From this path, we will not return again
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Steppe- Rene Aubry
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:20
- Published: 10 Jul 2011
- Updated: 13 Oct 2012
D:
http://wn.com/Steppe_Rene_Aubry
Steppe
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:48
- Published: 30 Jan 2010
- Updated: 30 Jun 2012
Across the Great Steppe(степь)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:58
- Published: 25 Aug 2009
- Updated: 10 Sep 2012
Pictures of the great Russian steppe and horse that are ridden and last true wild horse who run free. Song translations is below. This will be my last upload for a few months. I am going on the pilgrimage road to the holy land ( Palestine, Syria, Jordan, Egypt,Iran, Armenia) to visit Orthodox...
http://wn.com/Across_the_Great_Steppeстепь
Michal Jelonek - Steppe
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:57
- Published: 07 Aug 2008
- Updated: 18 Oct 2012
Michal Jelonek - Steppe
http://wn.com/Michal_Jelonek_Steppe
FINAL FANTASY XIII-2 ▬ Archylte Steppe Theme
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:47
- Published: 15 Sep 2011
- Updated: 16 Oct 2012
Visit finalfantasy.net for all your FF news and information!
http://wn.com/FINAL_FANTASY_XIII-2_▬_Archylte_Steppe_Theme
FF XIII-2: The Archylte Steppe - Extended Version (HD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:12
- Published: 16 Sep 2011
- Updated: 19 Oct 2012
So here's the lyrics... they're probably wrong, but it's the best guess the fans have made at it so far: Our prayers meet no matter where we're going In unison they think the sky is looming Above our thoughts we'll find a key together To fill the day with all the things we treasure Our crystal view, i'll follow you And all again, it guides me through Our prayers meet no matter where we're going In unison we sing with love Above our thoughts we'll find a key together To fil the day with all the things we treasure; All we treasure. Our crystal view, I sing to you And in my sleep, you softly speak In stormy seas, or salty plains I'll remember to trust in you
http://wn.com/FF_XIII-2_The_Archylte_Steppe_Extended_Version_HD
FINAL FANTASY XIII-2 OST - Plains of Eternity (Archylte Steppe Theme)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:47
- Published: 15 Sep 2011
- Updated: 19 Oct 2012
Awesome track made by Naoshi Mizuta! Party in Lightning's house anyone? :D finalfantasyxiii2.wordpress.com
http://wn.com/FINAL_FANTASY_XIII-2_OST_Plains_of_Eternity_Archylte_Steppe_Theme
The Archylte Steppe - Final Fantasy XIII-2 Soundtrack (HD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:47
- Published: 15 Sep 2011
- Updated: 19 Oct 2012
lyrics(probably wrong) Our prayers meet no matter where we're going In unison they think the sky is looming Above our thoughts we'll find a key together To fill the day with all the things we treasure Our crystal view, i'll follow you And all again, it guides me through Our prayers meet no matter where we're going In unison we sing with love Above our thoughts we'll find a key together To fil the day with all the things we treasure; All we treasure. Our crystal view, I sing to you And in my sleep, you softly speak In stormy seas, or salty plains I'll remember to trust in you
http://wn.com/The_Archylte_Steppe_Final_Fantasy_XIII-2_Soundtrack_HD
Einmal quer durch Kasachstan - Großmacht in der Steppe "1/2"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:54
- Published: 30 Aug 2011
- Updated: 31 Aug 2012
Eines der zehn größten Länder der Erde, eine Energiegroßmacht, das einflussreichste Land in Zentralasien, Kasachstan ist vieles, sogar der offizielle Kulturpartner der Bundesrepublik Deutschland 2009 und trotzdem würden es die meisten noch nicht einmal auf der Landkarte finden. Die 'Weltreise' von Stephan Stuchlik zeigt die enormen Veränderungen, die sich in den letzten Jahren in der ehemaligen Sowjetrepublik abgespielt haben: Angetrieben von den riesigen Gas- und Ölfeldern im Süden des Landes ist in den letzten Jahren eine Energiegroßmacht entstanden. Der Staatspräsident hat eine neue Hauptstadt in die Wüste stampfen lassen, in der Bugatti und Bentleys spazieren fahren. Am kaspischen Meer hat man sich wieder auf Kaviar-Produktion verlegt, aber auch andere Projekte profitieren vom plötzlichen Geldstrom: am vormals ausgetrockneten Aralsee fließt wieder Wasser. Trotzdem leben die meisten Kasachen immer noch wie seit Jahrhunderten, in uralten Metropolen oder in Zeltstädten in der Steppe. Eine 'Weltreise' zwischen Arm und Reich, zwischen Jurten und Hochhäusern, zwischen heißer Wüste und eisigem Gebirge, einmal 3000 Kilometer quer durchs riesige Kasachstan.
http://wn.com/Einmal_quer_durch_Kasachstan_Großmacht_in_der_Steppe_1_2
Jelonek- Steppe
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:58
- Published: 27 Dec 2009
- Updated: 14 Oct 2012
Jelonek- Steppe *** Wszystkie prawa do utworu posiada jego autor- Michał Jelonek.
http://wn.com/Jelonek_Steppe
Borodin - In the Steppes of Central Asia (1880), played on period instruments
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:42
- Published: 27 May 2011
- Updated: 11 Oct 2012
In the Steppes of Central Asia (1880) A "musical tableau" for orchestra by Russian composer and chemist Alexander Borodin (1833-1887), a member of the group of composers known as The Five, or the Mighty Handful. The work was originally intended to celebrate the silver anniversary of the reign of Czar Alexander II, who had expanded the domain of Imperial Russia eastward into Central Asia. The celebration never came to fruition due to the assassination of the Czar; instead the piece was premiered in a concert in 1880 by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and the orchestra of the Russian Opera. Borodin dedicated it to Franz Liszt. This recording was made by conductor Jos van Immerseel and the Anima Eterna Orchestra, which plays on period instruments.
http://wn.com/Borodin_In_the_Steppes_of_Central_Asia_1880,_played_on_period_instruments
TheLittleOne vs QXC - Game 1 - PvT - Steppes of War - StarCraft 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:59
- Published: 02 Feb 2011
- Updated: 18 Oct 2012
VOTE FOR SHORTY AWARDS! shortyawards.com FOLLOW TLO: www.facebook.com TLO LIVESTREAM: www.teamliquid.net FOLLOW ME: www.facebook.com Uh oh... TLO sent me 50 replays. You know what that means... Map: Steppes of War TheLittleOne (Protoss) vs qxc (Terran)
http://wn.com/TheLittleOne_vs_QXC_Game_1_PvT_Steppes_of_War_StarCraft_2
Music of Cataclysm - Burning Steppes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:52
- Published: 14 Aug 2010
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
those steppes they keep on burnin'
http://wn.com/Music_of_Cataclysm_Burning_Steppes
Final Fantasy XIII OST: Disc 4 - The Archylte Steppe
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:26
- Published: 08 Mar 2010
- Updated: 16 Oct 2012
OST Download: www.ostproject.co.cc Other OSTs: www.ostproject.co.cc
http://wn.com/Final_Fantasy_XIII_OST_Disc_4_The_Archylte_Steppe
Final Fantasy XIII-2: Fragment Locations - Archylte Steppe (??? AF) - HTG
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:27
- Published: 20 Feb 2012
- Updated: 15 Oct 2012
(HTG) Jeremy shows you how to get the non-story related fragments in Archylte Steppe (??? AF). -Follow the video to find the fragments and use the links at the end of the video to find the fragments in the other time periods. -Thank you for choosing Happy Thumbs Gaming for all of your gaming needs! Follow us: twitter.com facebook.com happythumbsgaming.com
http://wn.com/Final_Fantasy_XIII-2_Fragment_Locations_Archylte_Steppe_???_AF_HTG
Savouring Europe - the Eastern Steppes - Hungary
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 26:37
- Published: 23 Jan 2008
- Updated: 18 Oct 2012
November 2004 A huge grazing land alive with wild horses and cattle rounded up by cowboys; trout from the rivers and piles of red and orange paprika fill the kitchens of the inns and steaming goulash and thick sour cream are served in generous heaps.
http://wn.com/Savouring_Europe_the_Eastern_Steppes_Hungary
Wonderful Kazakhstan - Spirit of the Steppe
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:54
- Published: 08 Dec 2010
- Updated: 19 Oct 2012
This stunning video is about Kazakhstan - Kazakhstan is a transcontinental country located in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory is greater than Western Europe. It is neighbored clockwise from the north by Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and also borders on a significant part of the Caspian Sea. The capital was moved in 1997 from Almaty, Kazakhstan's largest city, to Astana. Here the first OSCE Global Summit after 11 years was celebrated in Decemeber 2010 Vast in size, the terrain of Kazakhstan ranges from flatlands, steppes, taigas, rock-canyons, hills, deltas, and snow-capped mountains to deserts. With 16.4 million people. Mehr Infos finden Sie auch unter www.kasachstan-tourismus.de
http://wn.com/Wonderful_Kazakhstan_Spirit_of_the_Steppe
Mount & Blade Warband - E013 - Steppe Bandits
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:42
- Published: 16 Apr 2011
- Updated: 18 Oct 2012
The trip around Calradia continues, as Violet arrives in the Khergit lands where steppe bandits are known to roam. The trip takes the party through Tulga and Ichamur, which seems to be nearly overrun by bandits. Perhaps they have a hideout nearby? The guild master in Ichamur summons Violet as he hears her army is in the town. Bandits have kidnapped a girl and someone needs to deliver the ransom. Violet agrees to go pay the ransom and rescue the girl, but already knows the only thing she'll give to the bandits is an arrow in the head. Click 'Like' and 'Add to... Favorites' if you like this video. Helps me make more! And tell me what you think in the comments below. See the full show: www.youtube.com - - - - E013: Steppe Bandits In the episode 13: More trading, Sword of War, fighting steppe bandits, Ransom Girl from Bandits quest begins. - - - - Violet's Tale (Let's Play Mount & Blade: Warband w/ Zemalf) A journey of a young nomad woman adventuring in the land of Caldaria, dreaming of her own kingdom and making name for herself, trading and fighting for fame and fortune. Slow-paced Mount & Blade: Warband gameplay from the very start to the very end (controlling whole Calradia). Full playthrough with a female character (commoner), using the hardest possible difficulty settings. - - - - Lets Play Mount & Blade: Warband (PC) [HD 720p]: zemalf.blogspot.com Playlist: www.youtube.com Show: www.youtube.com Forum thread: forums.taleworlds.com - - - - Gameplay and commentary by <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Mount_Blade_Warband_E013_Steppe_Bandits
In the Steppes of Central Asia - Borodin - Mongolia
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:08
- Published: 27 Sep 2010
- Updated: 19 Oct 2012
A musical journey to Mongolia. Dresden Staatskapelle conducted by Kurt Sanderling.
http://wn.com/In_the_Steppes_of_Central_Asia_Borodin_Mongolia
Indo-European Dispersals and the Eurasian Steppe with JP Mallory
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 49:25
- Published: 13 May 2011
- Updated: 17 Oct 2012
J. .P Mallory speaks on Indo-European Dispersals and the Eurasian Steppe at the Silk Road Symposium held at the Penn Museum held in March 2011. Contacts between Europe and China that bridged the Eurasian steppelands are part of a larger story of the dispersal of the Indo-European languages that were carried to Ireland (Celtic) in the west and the western frontiers of China (Tokharian, Iranian) in the east. Reviewing some of the problems of these expansions 15 years ago, the author suggested that it was convenient to discuss the expansions in terms of several fault lines -- the Dnieper, the Ural and Central Asia. The Dnieper is critical for resolving issues concerning the different models of Indo-European origins and more recent research forces us to reconsider the nature of the Dnieper as a cultural border. Recent research has also suggested that we need to reconsider the eastern periphery of the Indo-European world and how it relates to its western neighbors. JP Mallory is Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology at Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland. More at www.penn.museum
http://wn.com/Indo-European_Dispersals_and_the_Eurasian_Steppe_with_JP_Mallory
Final Fantasy XIII-2 - The Archylte Steppe - Cactuar and Gigantuar Locations, Chocobo Unlocked
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:43
- Published: 12 Feb 2012
- Updated: 14 Oct 2012
Final Fantasy XIII-2 Square Enix Role-Playing Release: Jan 31, 2012 (US) ESRB: T The Archylte Steppe - ??? AF Cactuar and Gigantuar Locations PLAYLIST: www.youtube.com Follow me on Twitter twitter.com Friend us on Facebook www.facebook.com Please Comment and Thumbs Up Thanks Peace
http://wn.com/Final_Fantasy_XIII-2_The_Archylte_Steppe_Cactuar_and_Gigantuar_Locations,_Chocobo_Unlocked
Oh you, wide steppe - Ах ты, степь широкая .
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:26
- Published: 23 Jan 2008
- Updated: 16 Oct 2012
As a lover of the Russian culture, especially Russian folk songs, I decided to post a video with this marvelous song "Oh you, wide steppe". It is sung by Vladislav Tumanov. Most paintings were obtained from the Amsterdam Art Gallery (www.amsterdam-artgallery.com), by the following artists Svetlana Ivannikova, Michail Utkin,Viktor Koshevoy, Viktor Skubak,Alexander Butusov,Vadim Korobow, Vladimir Sergeev,Alexei Savrasov,Alexander Belobrovsky, Yuri Neprintsev,Vladimir Panych and Ilia Repin.The english version is a courtesy of Denis Azamatov (Moscow). "Oh you wide steppe, wide and carefree! Oh you Volga-mother, Volga free! Oh you wide steppe, wide and carefree! Oh you Volga-mother, Volga free! Oh, that's not the steppe eagle fly up It's the river burlack walking Eagle, please dont fly low to the ground, Kosak, dont walk near river's bank... Oh you wide steppe, wide and carefree! Oh you Volga-mother, Volga free!"
http://wn.com/Oh_you,_wide_steppe_Ах_ты,_степь_широкая_
Expedition 24 Crew Lands Safely on the Steppe of Kazakhstan
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:04
- Published: 25 Sep 2010
- Updated: 16 Mar 2012
Expedition 24 Commander Alexander Skvortsov, NASA Flight Engineer Tracy Caldwell Dyson and Russian Flight Engineer Mikhail Kornienko landed safely in Kazakhstan on Sept. 25 following farewells and undocking from the International Space Station. The trio was originally scheduled to return to Earth on the Sept. 24, but problems with the Poisk module docking mechanism forced managers and engineers to postpone the trip by one day. Skvortsov, Caldwell Dyson and Kornienko spent almost six months in space.
http://wn.com/Expedition_24_Crew_Lands_Safely_on_the_Steppe_of_Kazakhstan
Creative Commons / Quartl
Creative Commons / EvgenyGenkin
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Creative Commons / Nick![The Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax) is a large bird of prey. It is about 62–72 cm in length and has a wingspan of 165–185 cm and it weighs 1.6–2.4 kg. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. It was once considered to be closely related to the migratory Steppe Eagle, Aquila nipalensis, and the two forms have previously been treated as conspecific. They were split based on pronounced differences in morphology and anatomy;[1][2][3] molecular analysis[citation needed] indicates that these](http://web.archive.org./web/20121020090951im_/http://cdn2.wn.com/pd/9b/34/1019eb9f135d178e6a498600f31d_small.jpg "The Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax) is a large bird of prey. It is about 62–72 cm in length and has a wingspan of 165–185 cm and it weighs 1.6–2.4 kg. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. It was once considered to be closely related to the migratory Steppe Eagle, Aquila nipalensis, and the two forms have previously been treated as conspecific. They were split based on pronounced differences in morphology and anatomy;[1][2][3] molecular analysis[citation needed] indicates that these")
Creative Commons / Fiver Löcker
Creative Commons / Brian67
Creative Commons / Doron
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Creative Commons / Peter Shmelev
Creative Commons / Butko![Hungarian Grey Cattle or Hungarian Steppe Cattle (in Hungarian: Magyar szürke szarvasmarha or Magyar alföldi) are an old beef cattle breed from Hungary.[1][2] The breed belongs to the group of Podolic cattle[3] and is very well adapted to extensive pasture systems. It originates from the Hungarian lowlands.](http://web.archive.org./web/20121020090951im_/http://cdn3.wn.com/pd/b1/a4/2a2dd34ca6c5e8eaef2c55e51e8c_small.jpg "Hungarian Grey Cattle or Hungarian Steppe Cattle (in Hungarian: Magyar szürke szarvasmarha or Magyar alföldi) are an old beef cattle breed from Hungary.[1][2] The breed belongs to the group of Podolic cattle[3] and is very well adapted to extensive pasture systems. It originates from the Hungarian lowlands.")
Creative Commons / Nl74
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NASA / Shack
other photo / Gentry
AP / Mikhail Metzel, Pool
AP/NASA
U.S. Army/Staff Sgt. Sean A. Foley
Ifad
U.S. Army/Sgt. Jeremiah Johnson
![The Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax) is a large bird of prey. It is about 62–72 cm in length and has a wingspan of 165–185 cm and it weighs 1.6–2.4 kg. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. It was once considered to be closely related to the migratory Steppe Eagle, Aquila nipalensis, and the two forms have previously been treated as conspecific. They were split based on pronounced differences in morphology and anatomy;[1][2][3] molecular analysis[citation needed] indicates that these](http://web.archive.org./web/20121020090951/http://cdn6.wn.com/pd/9b/34/1019eb9f135d178e6a498600f31d_medium.jpg "The Tawny Eagle (Aquila rapax) is a large bird of prey. It is about 62–72 cm in length and has a wingspan of 165–185 cm and it weighs 1.6–2.4 kg. Like all eagles, it belongs to the family Accipitridae. It was once considered to be closely related to the migratory Steppe Eagle, Aquila nipalensis, and the two forms have previously been treated as conspecific. They were split based on pronounced differences in morphology and anatomy;[1][2][3] molecular analysis[citation needed] indicates that these")
![Hungarian Grey Cattle or Hungarian Steppe Cattle (in Hungarian: Magyar szürke szarvasmarha or Magyar alföldi) are an old beef cattle breed from Hungary.[1][2] The breed belongs to the group of Podolic cattle[3] and is very well adapted to extensive pasture systems. It originates from the Hungarian lowlands.](http://web.archive.org./web/20121020090951/http://cdn7.wn.com/pd/b1/a4/2a2dd34ca6c5e8eaef2c55e51e8c_medium.jpg "Hungarian Grey Cattle or Hungarian Steppe Cattle (in Hungarian: Magyar szürke szarvasmarha or Magyar alföldi) are an old beef cattle breed from Hungary.[1][2] The breed belongs to the group of Podolic cattle[3] and is very well adapted to extensive pasture systems. It originates from the Hungarian lowlands.")
Photo: AP / Carolyn Kaster
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This article is about the ecological zone type. For other uses, see Steppe (disambiguation).
In physical geography, steppe (from Russian: степь, tr. step'; IPA: [sʲtʲepʲ] (
listen), further derivation unknown) is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes. The prairie (especially the shortgrass and mixed prairie) is an example of a steppe, though it is not usually called such. It may be semi-desert, or covered with grass or shrubs or both, depending on the season and latitude. The term is also used to denote the climate encountered in regions too dry to support a forest, but not dry enough to be a desert. The soil is typically of chernozem type.
Steppes are usually characterized by a semi-arid and continental climate. Extremes can be recorded in the summer of up to 40 °C (104 °F) and in winter, –40 °C (–40 °F). Besides this huge difference between summer and winter, the differences between day and night are also very great. In the highlands of Mongolia, 30 °C (86 °F) can be reached during the day with sub-zero °C (sub 32 °F) readings at night.
The mid-latitude steppes can be summarised by hot summers and cold winters, averaging 250–500 mm (10-20 inches) of precipitation per year. Precipitation level alone is not what defines a steppe climate, potential evapotranspiration must also be taken into account.
Contents |
Two types of steppe[link]
Two types of steppe can be recorded[1]:
- Temperate steppe: the "true" steppe, found in continental areas of the world; it can be further subdivided as seen here
- Subtropical steppe: a similar association of plants that can be found in the driest areas with a Mediterranean-like climate; it has usually a short wet period
Peculiar types of steppe include shrub-steppe and alpine-steppe.
Locations[link]
Cold steppe[link]
The world's largest steppe region, often referred to as "the Great Steppe", is found in southwestern Russia and neighbouring countries in Central Asia, stretching from Ukraine in the west through Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan to the Altai, Koppet Dag and Tian Shan ranges.
The inner parts of Anatolia in Turkey, Central Anatolia and East Anatolia in particular and also some parts of Southeast Anatolia, as well as much of Armenia and Iran are largely dominated by cold steppe.
The Pannonian Plain is another steppe region in eastern Europe, primarily Hungary.
Another large steppe area (prairie) is located in the central United States and western Canada. The shortgrass prairie steppe is the westernmost part of the Great Plains region. The Channeled Scablands in Southern British Columbia and Washington State is an example of a steppe region in North America outside of the Great Plains.
In South America, cold steppe can be found in Patagonia and much of the high elevation regions east of the southern Andes.
Relatively small steppe areas can be found in the interior of the South Island of New Zealand.
Subtropical steppe[link]
In Europe, some Mediterranean areas have a steppe-like vegetation, such as central Sicily, southern Portugal, parts of Greece in the southern Athens area,[2] and central-eastern Spain, especially the southeastern coast (around Murcia), and places cut off from adequate moisture due to rain shadow effects such as Zaragoza.
In Asia, a subtropical steppe can be found in semi-arid lands that fringe the Thar Desert of the Indian subcontinent.
In Australia, "subtropical steppe" can found in a belt surrounding the most severe deserts of the continent and around the Musgrave Ranges.
In North America this environment is typical of transition areas between zones with a Mediterranean climate and true deserts, such as Reno, Nevada, the inner part of California, and much of West Texas and adjacent areas in Mexico.
In South America the most important zone with a warm steppe is the Pampa.
Tropical grasslands and shrublands similar to steppe[link]
Other zones dominated by grasslands and shrublands similar to steppe can be found in tropical areas of the world. In these locations, necessary rainfall to separate steppes from true deserts may be half as much again due to greater evapotranspiration. These include transition zones between savanna and severe desert such as the Sahel that fringes the true Sahara.
Another significant "tropical steppe", noteworthy for not grading into desert, is the Sertão of northeastern Brazil.
See also[link]
References[link]
Notes[link]
Sources[link]
- Ecology and Conservation of Steppe-land Birds by Manuel B.Morales, Santi Mañosa, Jordi Camprodón, Gerard Bota. International Symposium on Ecology and Conservation of steppe-land birds. Lleida, Spain. December 2004.ISBN 84-87334-99-7
External links[link]
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Steppes |
- "The Steppes". barramedasoft corporation. 1998-2008. http://www.barrameda.com.ar/ecology/the-steppes.htm. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
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Related pages:
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http://ru.wn.com/Степь
http://nl.wn.com/Steppe
http://id.wn.com/Stepa
http://pl.wn.com/Step
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There are many people in history who are commonly appended with the phrase "the Great", or who were called that or an equivalent phrase in their own language. Other languages have their own suffixes such as e Bozorg and e azam in Persian and Urdu respectively.
In Persia, the title "the Great" at first seems to be a colloquial version of the Old Persian title "Great King". This title was first used by the conqueror Cyrus II of Persia.[1]
The Persian title was inherited by Alexander III of Macedon (336–323 BC) when he conquered the Persian Empire, and the epithet "Great" eventually became personally associated with him. The first reference (in a comedy by Plautus)[2] assumes that everyone knew who "Alexander the Great" was; however, there is no earlier evidence that Alexander III of Macedon was called "the Great".
The early Seleucid kings, who succeeded Alexander in Persia, used "Great King" in local documents, but the title was most notably used for Antiochus the Great (223–187 BC).
Later rulers and commanders began to use the epithet "the Great" as a personal name, like the Roman general Pompey. Others received the surname retrospectively, like the Carthaginian Hanno and the Indian emperor Ashoka the Great. Once the surname gained currency, it was also used as an honorific surname for people without political careers, like the philosopher Albert the Great.
As there are no objective criteria for "greatness", the persistence of later generations in using the designation greatly varies. For example, Louis XIV of France was often referred to as "The Great" in his lifetime but is rarely called such nowadays, while Frederick II of Prussia is still called "The Great". A later Hohenzollern - Wilhelm I - was often called "The Great" in the time of his grandson Wilhelm II, but rarely later.
Contents |
Rulers[link]
- Abbas I of Persia (1571–1629), Shah of Iran
- Akbar (1542–1605), ruler of the Mughal Empire of South Asia, mainly India
- Alain I of Albret (1440–1522), French aristocrat
- Alexander the Great (356-323 BC), King of Macedonia, Persia, Greece, Egypt, and all of Mesopotamia
- Alexander I of Georgia (1386–1446), King of Georgia
- Alfonso III of León (c. 848-910), King of León, Galicia and Asturias
- Alfred the Great (848/849-899), King of Wessex
- Antiochus III the Great (c. 241–187 BC), ruler of the Seleucid Empire
- Ashoka the Great (c. 304–232 BC), Indian emperor of the Maurya dynasty
- Ashot I of Iberia “the Great”(died 826/830), presiding prince of Iberia (modern Georgia),
- Askia Mohammad I (c. 1442–1538), ruler of the Songhai Empire
- Bhumibol Adulyadej (born 1927), King of Thailand
- Bolesław I Chrobry (967-1025), sometimes called "the Great", first King of Poland
- Bruno the Great (925–965), Archbishop of Cologne and Duke of Lotharingia (also listed in the following section)
- Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (1736–1809), founder and ruler of the Rattanakosin Kingdom (in what is now Thailand)
- Cnut the Great (c. 985 or 995-1035), King of Denmark, England, Norway and parts of Sweden
- Casimir III the Great (1310–1370), King of Poland
- Catherine the Great (1729–1796), Empress of Russia
- Chandragupta II (reigned 375-413/415), also known as Vikramaditya, ruler of the Gupta empire in India
- Charlemagne (died 814), King of the Franks and Emperor of the Romans
- Chulalongkorn (1853–1910), King of Siam (now Thailand)
- Chlothar II (584-629), King of Neustria and King of the Franks
- Conrad, Margrave of Meissen (c. 1097-1157), Margrave of Meissen
- Constantine I (c. 272-337), Roman emperor
- Cyaxares the Great (c. 625-585 BC), third king of Media
- Cyrus the Great (c. 600 BC or 576 BC–530 BC), founder and ruler of the Persian or Achaemenid Empire
- Darius the Great (550 – 486 BC), third ruler of the Persian Empire
- Devapala (died 850), ruler of the Pala Empire in the Indian subcontinent
- Dionysius I, Greek tyrant of Syracuse[3]
- Ferdinand I of León and Castile (c. 1015–1065), King of León and Count of Castile
- Frederick the Great (1712–1786), King of Prussia
- Genghis Khan (1162?-1227), founder and Great Khan of the Mongol Empire
- Gero (c. 900–965), ruler of Marca Geronis, a very large march in Europe
- Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden (1594–1632), King of Sweden, founder of the Swedish Empire, and noted military leader
- Gwanggaeto the Great, King of Goguryeo, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea[4][5]
- Hanno the Great, the name of three leaders of Carthage, in the 4th, 3rd, and 2nd centuries BC
- Henry I, Duke of Burgundy (946–1002)
- Henry IV of France (1553–1610), King of France and King of Navarre
- Herod the Great (73/74 BC-4 BC), King of Judea
- Hugh the Great (898-956), Duke of the Franks and Count of Paris
- Hugh Magnus of France (1007–1025), co-King of France
- Hugh I, Count of Vermandois (1057–1101)
- Humphrey I de Bohun (died c. 1123), Anglo-Norman aristocrat
- Ivan III of Russia (1440–1505), Tsar of Russia
- John I of Portugal (1358–1433), King of Portugal and the Algarve
- John II of Aragon (1398–1479), King of Aragon and, through his wife, King of Navarre
- Justinian I (483-565), Byzantine Emperor
- Kamehameha I (c. 1758-1819), first King of Hawai'i
- Kanishka (died c. 127), ruler of the Kushan Empire in Central Asia and parts of India
- Kvirike III of Kakheti (1010–1029), King of Kakheti in eastern Georgia
- Kublai Khan (1215–1294), Mongol ruler in the 13th century and Emperor of China; founder of the Yuan Dynasty
- Llywelyn the Great (c. 1172–1240), Prince of Gwynedd and de facto ruler of most of Wales
- Louis I of Hungary (1326–1382), King of Hungary, Croatia and Poland
- Mangrai the Great (1238–1317), Lanna, northern Thailand
- Emperor Meiji (1852–1912), Emperor of Japan
- Mircea I of Wallachia (1355–1418)
- Mithridates II of Parthia (died 88 BC), ruler of the Parthian Empire (in present day Iran)
- Mithridates VI of Pontus (134 BC–63 BC), ruler of Pontus and the Bosporan Kingdom
- Mstislav I of Kiev (1076–1132), Grand Prince of Kievan Rus
- Naresuan (1555–1605), King of Ayutthaya
- Narai (1633–1688), King of Ayutthaya (in what is now modern Thailand)
- Odo the Great (died c. 735), Duke of Aquitaine
- Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (912-973)
- K'inich Janaab' Pakal (603-683), ruler of the Mayan city-state of Palenque
- Parakramabahu I of Polonnaruwa (1123–1186), King of Sri Lanka
- Peter Krešimir IV of Croatia (died 1075), King of Croatia
- Peter the Great (1672–1725), Tsar of Russia
- Peter III of Aragon (1239–1285), King of Aragon and King of Sicily
- Pompey (106 BC-48 BC), military and political leader of the late Roman Republic, rival of Julius Caesar
- Radama I (1793–1828), first king of greater Madagascar
- Raja Raja Chola I (c. 947-1014), Indian emperor of the Cholas.[6][7][8]
- Rajendra Chola I (reigned 1014–1044), Tamil King of India
- Ramesses II (reigned 1279 BC – 1213 BC), considered the greatest pharaoh of Ancient Egypt
- Ram Khamhaeng (around 1237 to 1247-1298), King of Sukhothai (in present day Thailand)
- Ramon Berenguer III, Count of Barcelona (1082–1131), also Count of Provence and various other counties
- Rhodri the Great (c. 820–878), King of Gwynedd (in present day Wales)
- Roman the Great (after 1160-1205), Grand Prince of Kiev
- Saladin (c. 1138-1193), Kurdish Sultan of Egypt and Syria, founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, and victor over the Crusaders
- Samudragupta (c. 335–375), ruler of the Gupta empire in the Indian subcontinent
- Sancho III of Navarre (c. 992-1035), King of Kingdom of Navarre
- Sargon of Akkad (died c. 2215 BC), ruler of the Akkadian Empire
- Sejong the Great (1397–1450), Korean king[9]
- Shapur II (309-379), king of the Sassanid Empire, Persia
- Simeon I of Bulgaria (864/865-927), ruler of the First Bulgarian Empire
- Stephen III of Moldavia (1433–1504), Prince of Moldavia (Romania)
- Stephen Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia (c. 1308-1355), King of Serbia and Emperor of the Serbs and Greeks
- Taksin (1734–1782), King of the Thonburi Kingdom (Thailand)
- Tamar (1160-1123), Queen of the Georgian Empire
- Timur (1336–1405), better known as Tamerlane, founder of the Timurid Dynasty
- Theobald II, Count of Champagne (1090–1151), Count of Blois and of Chartres as Theobald IV, Count of Champagne and of Brie
- Theodoric the Great (454-526), King of the Ostrogoths, regent of the Visigoths and a viceroy of the Byzantine Empire
- Theodosius I (347-395), Roman emperor
- Tigranes the Great (140-55 BC), Emperor of Armenia
- Tiridates III of Armenia (285-339), King of Armenia
- Umar (c. 586 to 590–644), second caliph of the Muslim Empire
- Valdemar I of Denmark (1131–1182), King of Denmark
- Valentinian I (364-375), Roman Emperor
- Vladimir I of Kiev (c. 958-1015), ruler of Kievan Rus
- Vytautas (c. 1350-1430), archduke of the Lithuanian Grand Duchy
- William I, Count of Burgundy (1020–1087), Count of Burgandy and Mâcon
- William V, Duke of Aquitaine (969-1030), also Count of Poitou
- Xerxes I (519-465 BC), King of Kings of the Achaemenid Empire (Persia)
- Yu the Great (c. 2200-2100 BC), legendary ruler in ancient China
Religious figures[link]
- Abraham the Great of Kashkar (ca. 492-586), monk and saint of the Assyrian Church of the East
- Abraham Kidunaia (died c. 366, hermit, priest, and Christian saint of Mesopotamia
- Albertus Magnus (1193/1206–1280), medieval German philosopher and theologian
- Anthony the Great (c. 251–356), early Christian saint of Egypt
- Babai the Great (c. 551–628), Assyrian church leader
- Basil of Caesarea (330-379), Greek bishop and theologian
- Bruno the Great (925–965), Archbishop of Cologne and Duke of Lotharingia (also listed in the previous section)
- Euthymius the Great (377-473), abbot and Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox saint
- Gertrude the Great (1256-c. 1302), German Benedictine, mystic, theologian and Roman Catholic saint
- Pope Gregory I (c. 540-604)
- Hiyya the Great, 3rd-century rabbi, Palestine
- Pope John Paul II (1920–2005)
- Pope Leo I (c. 391 or 400-461)
- Macarius of Egypt (c. 300-391), Egyptian hermit
- Pope Nicholas I (c. 800-867)
- Photius I of Constantinople (c. 810–c. 893), Eastern Orthodox saint and Patriarch of Constantinople
- William of Maleval (died 1157), founder of the Catholic congregation of Williamites
Other[link]
- Beli Mawr, a figure in medieval Welsh literature and genealogies
- Emmy the Great, folk singer
- Matteo Rosso the Great, Roman politician and father of Pope Nicholas III
- Prokop the Great, Hussite general in Bohemia
See also[link]
- Epithet
- List of monarchs by nickname
- List of nicknames of European Royalty and Nobility: G-I
- James, son of Zebedee, also known as James the Greater, one of the twelve apostles of Jesus
- Ajax (mythology), called Ajax the Greater
- Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, whose common honorific "Mahatma" means "Great Soul"
Notes[link]
- ^ In a clay cylinder (online). The expression was used in a propagandistic context: the conqueror wants to show he is a normal Babylonian ruler. The first Persian ruler to use the title in an Iranian context was Darius I of Persia (Darius the Great), in the Behistun Inscription (online).
- ^ Plautus, Mostellaria 775.
- ^ History, Instituto Geografico De Agostini S.p.A., p. 479
- ^ World and Its Peoples:Korea. Marshall Cavendish Corporation. September 2008. p. 887. ISBN 0-7614-7631-8.
- ^ Alison Behnke (2004). North Korea in Pictures. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 70. ISBN 0-8225-1908-9. http://books.google.com/?id=ovWvhyLc6hAC&pg=RA1-PA70&dq=%22Gwanggaeto+the+Great%22.
- ^ Sarkar, Benoy Kumar (December 1919). "An English History of India". Political Science Quarterly 34 (4): 644–653. DOI:10.2307/2142032. JSTOR 2142032. ""The finances of the state were not more centralized under Louis XIV than under Rajaraja the Great.""
- ^ "Heaven sent: Michael Wood explores the art of the Chola dynasty". Royal Academy, UK. http://www.royalacademy.org.uk/ra-magazine/winter2006/features/heven-sent,47,RAMA.html. Retrieved 2007-04-26.
- ^ "The Chola Dynasty: Accession of Rajaraja, the Great". Sify.com. http://sify.com/itihaas/fullstory.php?id=13219885. Retrieved 2007-04-26.
- ^ Christoph Bluth; Gareth Schott (2007). Korea. Polity. p. 10. ISBN 0-7456-3356-0.
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This article is about the archaeologist. For the constitutional scholar, see James Mallory (jurist).
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James Patrick Mallory is an Irish-American archaeologist and Indo-Europeanist. Mallory is a professor at the Queen's University, Belfast.
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Biography[link]
Born in 1945,[1] Mallory received his A.B. in History from Occidental College in California in 1967, then served three years in the US Army as a military police sergeant. He received his Ph.D. in Indo-European studies from UCLA in 1975. He has held several posts at Queen's beginning in 1977, becoming Professor of Prehistoric Archaeology in 1998.
Professor Mallory's research has focused on Early Neolithic and Bronze Age Europe, the problem of the homeland of the Proto-Indo-Europeans, and the archaeology of early Ireland. He favors an integrative approach to these issues, comparing literary, linguistic and archaeological evidence to solve historical puzzles.
One consequence of this preference for an integrated approach is that Professor Mallory has been strongly critical of the widely publicised theory of Indo-European origins held by Colin Renfrew which locates the urheimat or homeland of this language family in early Neolithic Anatolia and associates its spread with the spread of agriculture. A key element of his criticism has been a vigorous defence of linguistic palaeontology as a valid tool for solving the Indo-European homeland problem, arguing that Renfrew is sceptical about it precisely because it offers some of the strongest evidence against the latter's own model. Mallory published a new book with D.Q. Adams, entitled The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World and published by Oxford University Press, where doubtless the debate with Renfrew will resume in earnest. Mallory is the current editor of the Journal of Indo-European Studies.
Major works[link]
Books[link]
- Mallory, J. P. (1989). In Search of the Indo-Europeans: Language, Archaeology and Myth. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-27616-1.
- Mallory, J. P.; T. E. McNeill (1991). The Archaeology of Ulster. Belfast: Dufour Editions. ISBN 0-85389-353-5.
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture. London and Chicago: Fitzroy-Dearborn. ISBN 1-884964-98-2
- Mallory, J. P.; Victor H. Mair (2000). The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05101-1.
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006). The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World. USA: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0199287910. http://books.google.com/?id=yfZZX1qjpvkC&printsec=frontcover&q=
Articles[link]
- Mallory, J. P.; R. Blench and M. Spriggs, eds. (1997). "The Homelands of the Indo-Europeans". Archaeology and Language (London and New York: Routledge) I: 93–121.
- Mallory, J. P.; K. Jones-Bley and M. E. Huld, eds. (1993). "The Indo-European homeland problem: A matter of time". Journal of Indo-European Studies Monography (Washington, D.C.) 17: 1–22.
- Mallory, J. P.; J. Jasanoff, H. Melchert, L. Oliver, eds. (1998). "The Old Irish Chariot". Mír Curad: Studies in Honor of Calvert Watkins (Innsbruck: Innsbrucker Beitrage zur Sprachwissenschaft): 451–464.
References[link]
External links[link]
- Prof. Mallory's Academic Homepage at QUB
- Journal of Indo-European Studies portal
- 'Indo-European Dispersals and the Eurasian Steppe' with J.P. Mallory, University of Pennsylvania Museum, Youtube (video)
| Persondata | |
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| Name | Mallory, Jp |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1945 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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