Odra

Odra may refer to:

Rivers

Populated places

Other uses

Oder

The Oder (German pronunciation: [ˈoːdɐ]; Czech and Polish: Odra) is a river in Central Europe. It rises in the Czech Republic and flows (generally north- and northwest-ward) through western Poland, later forming 187 kilometres (116 mi) of the border between Poland and Germany, part of the Oder–Neisse line. The river ultimately flows into the Szczecin Lagoon north of Szczecin and then into three branches (the Dziwna, Świna and Peene) that empty into the Gulf of Pomerania of the Baltic Sea.

Names

The Oder is known by several names in different languages, but the modern ones are very similar: English and German: Oder; Czech, Polish, and Lower Sorbian: Odra, Upper Sorbian: Wódra; Kashubian: Òdra (pronounced [ˈwɛdra]); Medieval Latin: Od(d)era; Renaissance Latin: Viadrus (invented in 1534). Ptolemy gives for the localization of modern Oder a river Συήβος (Suebos, Latin: Suevus, from the name for the tribe of the Suebi), which resembles the modern name Świna for the main connection from the Szczecin Lagoon to the Baltic Sea. A mouth named Οὐιαδούα (or Οὐιλδούα, graphical similarity of Α and Λ), therefore Latin Viadua or Vildua, is localized by him at one third of the distance between Suebos and Vistula, maybe it is modern Wieprz. In Old Church Slavonic language, the name of the river is Vjodr.

Odra (computer)

Odra was a line of computers manufactured in Wrocław, Poland.

The production started in 1959–1960. Models 1001, 1002, 1003, 1013, 1103, 1204 were of original Polish construction. Models 1304 and 1305 were functional counterparts of ICL 1905 and 1906 due to software agreement. The last model was 1325 based on two models from ICL.

The name comes from the Odra River that flows through the city of Wrocław

The computers were built at the Elwro manufacturing plant, which was closed in 1989.

ODRA-1002 were capable of only 100-400 operations per second.

In 1962, Witold Podgórski, an employee of Elwro, managed to create a computer game on a prototype of ODRA-1003; it was an adaptation of a variant of Nim, as depicted in the film Last Year at Marienbad. The computer could play a perfect game and was guaranteed to win. The game was never distributed outside of the Elwro company, but its versions appeared elsewhere. It was probably the first Polish computer game in history.

The operating system used by the ODRA-1204 is called SODA. It was designed to work on a small computer without magnetic storage and can run simultaneous loading and execution of programs.