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Atlanta
Atlanta (, ) is the capital and most populous city in the U.S. state of Georgia. Atlanta had an estimated population of about 540,900 people. Its metropolitan area is the ninth largest in the country, inhabited by more than 5.4 million people. The Atlanta Combined Statistical Area has a population approaching six million, making it the most populous metropolis in the Southeastern United States. Like many areas in the Sun Belt, the Atlanta region has seen explosive growth since about 1976, and it added about 1.1 million residents between 2000 and 2008.
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Baltimore, Maryland
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Bentley University
Bentley University, formerly Bentley College, is a private co-educational university located in Waltham, Massachusetts, west of Boston. Founded as a school of accounting and finance in Boston's Back Bay neighborhood, Bentley moved to Waltham in 1968. As a business university, Bentley University's mission is to create new knowledge within and across business and the arts and sciences and to educate creative, ethical, and socially responsible organizational leaders. Bentley University provides a highly focused undergraduate business curriculum with bachelor of science degrees in 11 business fields and bachelor of arts degrees in six arts and sciences disciplines. The graduate school emphasizes the impact of technology on business practice and offers PhD programs in Business and Accountancy, the Bentley MBA with 16 areas of concentration, an integrated MS+MBA, seven Master of Science degrees, and custom executive education programs.
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Boston
Boston (pronounced ) is the capital and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. Boston city proper had a 2009 estimated population of 645,169, making it the twentieth largest in the country. Boston is also the anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area called Greater Boston, home to 4.5 million people and the tenth-largest metropolitan area in the country. Greater Boston as a commuting region includes six Massachusetts counties, Essex, Middlesex, Norfolk, Suffolk, Plymouth, and Worcester, all of Rhode Island and parts of New Hampshire; it is home to 7.5 million people, making it the fifth-largest Combined Statistical Area in the United States.
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Buffalo, New York
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City of Palms Park
City of Palms Park is a stadium in primarily used for baseball, although the City of Fort Myers uses the venue for the occasional concert. Former Boston Red Sox left fielder Mike Greenwell is from Fort Myers, and was instrumental in bringing his team to the city for spring training. The stadium was built in for that purpose and holds 8,000 people. It is also the home of the Red Sox Rookie team, the Gulf Coast League Red Sox, from April through June. The stadium's name is taken from the city's official nickname.
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Estero
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Fort Myers, Florida
Fort Myers is the county seat and commercial center of Lee County, Florida, United States. Its population was 48,208 in the 2000 census. According to 2008 estimates, the population is 65,394.
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Japan
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Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. Most of its population of 6.6 million lives in the Boston metropolitan area. The eastern half of the state consists of urban, suburban, and rural areas, while Western Massachusetts is mostly rural. Massachusetts is the most populous of the six New England states and ranks third among U.S. states in GDP per capita.
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Merrimack College
Merrimack College is a selective, independent college in the Roman Catholic, Augustinian tradition located in North Andover, Massachusetts, north of Boston, Massachusetts. It offers undergraduate degrees in business, education, science, engineering, and the liberal arts. Merrimack also serves non-traditional students through part time undergraduate degree programs; masters programs in education; and a range of certificate, licensure and degree completion offerings. Approximately 2,000 students from more than 25 states and 17 countries are enrolled at Merrimack, 75% of whom reside on campus.
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Payne Park
Payne Park refers both to a baseball field that stood from 1924 to 1990, and which has since been replaced by a public park of the same name in the same location, in Sarasota, Florida. Payne Park, the original stadium for the city of Sarasota, was built on a portion of 60 acres of land donated by Calvin Payne and his wife, Martha. Payne Park today refers to the 29-acre public park - the location of the ballpark - used for recreational and high school sporting events.
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White House
The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. Located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., the house was designed by Irish-born James Hoban, and built between 1792 and 1800 of white-painted Aquia sandstone in the Neoclassical style. It has been the residence of every U.S. President since John Adams. When Thomas Jefferson moved into the house in 1801, he (with architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe) expanded the building outward, creating two colonnades that were meant to conceal stables and storage.
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Yale University
Yale University is a private Ivy League university located in New Haven, Connecticut. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States.
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Adrian Gonzalez
Adrian Gonzalez (born May 8, 1982, in San Diego, California) is a Mexican American Major League Baseball first baseman for the San Diego Padres. He was the first overall pick in the 2000 Major League Baseball Draft by the Florida Marlins.
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African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans, and formerly as American Negroes) are citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa. In the United States, the terms are generally used for Americans with at least partial Sub-Saharan African ancestry.
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Al Simmons
Aloysius Harry Simmons (May 22, 1902 - May 26, 1956), born Aloisius Szymanski[http://www.baseball-reference.com/bpv/images/4/4d/AlSimmons8yrsold.jpg][http://www.geocities.com/godot_lives/simmonscensus1920] in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, was an American player in Major League Baseball for two decades. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953.
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Alan Embree
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Alex Ochoa
Alex Ochoa (; born March 29, 1972 in Miami Lakes, Florida) is a former Major League Baseball and Nippon Professional Baseball outfielder. He is a Cuban American and is currently an assistant coach for the Boston Red Sox.
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Alex Rodriguez
Alexander Emmanuel "Alex" Rodriguez (born July 27, 1975) is an American Major League Baseball third baseman for the New York Yankees. He previously played shortstop for the Seattle Mariners and the Texas Rangers.
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Alfredo Aceves
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Amos Strunk
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Arnold Palmer
Arnold Daniel Palmer (born September 10, 1929) is an American golfer who is generally regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of men's professional golf. He has won numerous events on both the PGA Tour and Champions Tour, dating back to 1955. Nicknamed "The King," he is one of golf's most popular stars and its most important trailblazer because he was the first star of the sport's television age, which began in the 1950s. He is part of "The Big Three" in golf along with Jack Nicklaus and Gary Player who are widely credited with popularizing and commercialising the sport around the world.
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Arthur Ashe
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Babe Ruth
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Ban Johnson
Byron Bancroft "Ban" Johnson (January 5, 1864 – March 28, 1931), was an American executive in professional baseball who served as the founder and first president of the American League (AL).
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Ben Cherington
Ben Cherington (born 1974 in Meriden, New Hampshire) is the Vice President of Player Personnel with the Boston Red Sox. He served briefly as Co-General Manager of the team with Jed Hoyer during Theo Epstein's absence from the team. Ben is a graduate of Amherst College where he was a member of the Gamma chapter of Psi Upsilon fraternity, and has a Masters in Sports Management from the University of Massachusetts. He was originally hired by former Boston Red Sox General Manager Dan Duquette in 1997 after spending time as an advance scout for the Cleveland Indians.
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Bernie Carbo
Bernardo Carbo (born August 5, 1947 in Detroit, Michigan) is a former outfielder and designated hitter who played from through for the Cincinnati Reds (1969-72), St. Louis Cardinals (1972-73, 1979-80), Boston Red Sox (1974-76, 1977-78), Milwaukee Brewers (1976), Cleveland Indians (1978) and Pittsburgh Pirates (1980). He batted left-handed and threw right-handed.
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Bill Buckner
William Joseph Buckner (born December 14, 1949 in ) is a former Major League Baseball first baseman. Despite winning a batting crown in , representing the Chicago Cubs at the All-Star Game the next season and accumulating over 2,700 career hits in his twenty year career, he is best remembered for a crucial fielding error during Game 6 of the 1986 World Series, a play that has since been prominently entrenched into American sports lore.
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Bill Carrigan
William Francis Carrigan (October 22, 1883 - July 8, 1969), nicknamed "Rough", was a Major League baseball catcher. He was born in Lewiston, Maine.
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Bill Dinneen
William Henry Dinneen, alternately spelled Dineen (April 5, 1876 - January 13, 1955), was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball who followed his 12-year career from 1898 to 1909 with a highly regarded tenure as an American League umpire from 1909 to 1937. Born in Syracuse, New York, he played for the Washington Senators and Boston Braves (both of the National League), and the Boston Red Sox and St. Louis Browns of the American League. Dinneen was most instrumental in helping the Red Sox win the first World Series in 1903, by winning three of Boston's five victories against the Pittsburgh Pirates. Dinneen also broke the record for most strikeouts in a World Series with 11; the previous mark of 10 had been set one day earlier by Pittsburgh's Deacon Phillippe.
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Bill Mueller
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Bill Russell
William Felton "Bill" Russell (born February 12, 1934) is a retired American professional basketball player who played center for the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association (NBA). A five-time winner of the NBA Most Valuable Player Award and a twelve-time All-Star, Russell was the centerpiece of the Celtics dynasty that won eleven NBA Championships during Russell's thirteen-year career. Along with Henri Richard of the National Hockey League's Montreal Canadiens, Russell holds the record for the most championships won by an athlete in a North American sports league. Before his professional career, Russell led the University of San Francisco to two consecutive NCAA championships (1955, 1956). He also won a gold medal at the 1956 Summer Olympics as captain of the U.S. national basketball team.
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Billie Jean King
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Billy Herman
William Jennings Bryan "Billy" Herman (July 7, 1909 - September 5, 1992) was an American second baseman in Major League Baseball during the 1930s and 1940s. He was known for his stellar defense and consistent batting. He still holds many National League defensive records for second basemen.
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Billy Jurges
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Bob Bourne
Robert Glen Bourne (born June 21, 1954 in Netherhill, Saskatchewan) is a retired professional ice hockey centre who played for the New York Islanders and the Los Angeles Kings of the NHL between 1974 and 1988.
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Bob Gibson
Robert "Bob" Gibson (born November 9, 1935) is a retired American professional baseball player who was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1981. A right-handed pitcher, Gibson played 17 seasons with the St. Louis Cardinals from 1959 to 1975. A nine time All-Star selection, Gibson accumulated 3,117 strikeouts during his career, won two Cy Young Awards, was named the National League's (NL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) in 1968, and was a member of two World Series championship teams.
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Bob McClure
Robert Craig McClure (born April 29, 1952 in ) is a former Major League Baseball pitcher currently serving as pitching coach for the Kansas City Royals, with whom he began his major league career in .
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Bob Stanley
Robert William "Bob" Stanley (born November 10, 1954 in Portland, Maine) is a former Major League Baseball right-handed relief pitcher who played with the Boston Red Sox.
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Bob Unglaub
Robert Alexander Unglaub (July 31, 1881 - November 29, 1916) was an American first baseman and utility infielder in Major League Baseball who played for the New York Highlanders, Boston Americans, and Washington Senators.
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Bobby Jenks
Robert Scott "Bobby" Jenks (born in Mission Hills, California) is a Major League closer for the Chicago White Sox who made his MLB debut in .
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Bobby Kielty
Robert Micheal Kielty (last name pronounced KELT-ee) (born August 5, 1976 in Fontana, California) is a former American Major League Baseball outfielder.
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Bobby Morrow
#REDIRECTBobby Joe Morrow
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Bobby Orr
Robert Gordon Orr, OC (born March 20, 1948) is a retired Canadian ice hockey player. A defenceman, he is widely acknowledged to be one of the greatest hockey players of all time. He played junior hockey with the Oshawa Generals of the Ontario Hockey League, and spent most of his National Hockey League (NHL) career with the Boston Bruins before joining the Chicago Blackhawks for his final two seasons.
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Bobby Valentine
Robert John Valentine (born May 13, 1950 in Stamford, Connecticut) is a former Major League Baseball player and manager. He is currently an analyst for ESPN.
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Bonnie Blair
Bonnie Kathleen Blair (born March 18, 1964 in Cornwall, New York) is a retired American speedskater. She is one of the top skaters of her time, and one of the most decorated athletes in Olympic history. Blair competed for the United States in four Olympics, and in her Olympic career won five gold medals and one bronze medal.
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Brendan Harris
Brendan Michael Harris (born August 26, 1980 in Albany, New York is a Major League Baseball utility infielder in the Minnesota Twins organization.
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Brett Favre
http://wn.com/Brett_Favre -
Bronson Arroyo
Bronson Anthony Arroyo (born February 24, 1977, in Key West, Florida), is a Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher for the Cincinnati Reds and an aspiring musician. He has previously played for the Pittsburgh Pirates between 2000 and 2002 and Boston Red Sox from 2003 to 2005. Bronson is a Cuban-American and grew up in Brooksville, Florida and pitched for Hernando High School, graduating in 1995.
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Bruce Hurst
Bruce Vee Hurst (born March 24, 1958 in St. George, Utah) is a former Major League Baseball left-handed starting pitcher who played for the Boston Red Sox (1980-88), San Diego Padres (1989-93), Colorado Rockies (1993) and Texas Rangers (1994).
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Buck Freeman
John Frank "Buck" Freeman (October 30, 1871 – June 25, 1949) was an American right fielder in Major League Baseball at the turn of the 20th century. Freeman was one of the top sluggers of his era, his most famous feat being the 25 home runs he hit during the 1899 season.
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Buck O'Brien
'''Thomas Joseph "Buck" O'Brien''' (May 9, 1882 - July 25, 1959) was a starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Boston Red Sox and Chicago White Sox.
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Bucky Dent
http://wn.com/Bucky_Dent -
Bud Selig
Allan Huber "Bud" Selig
http://wn.com/Bud_Selig -
Bullet Joe Bush
Leslie Ambrose "Bullet Joe" Bush (November 27, 1892 - November 1, 1974) born in Brainerd, Minnesota was a Pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics (1912-17 and 1928), Boston Red Sox (1918-21), New York Yankees (1922-24), St. Louis Browns (1925), Washington Senators (1926), Pittsburgh Pirates (1926-27) and New York Giants (1927). He is credited with having developed the forkball pitch.
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Butch Hobson
Clell Lavern "Butch" Hobson, Jr. (born August 17, 1951, in Tuscaloosa, Alabama) is a former third baseman and manager in Major League Baseball. Hobson played for the Boston Red Sox (1975-80), California Angels (1981) and New York Yankees (1982). He batted and threw right-handed.
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Byung-Hyun Kim
http://wn.com/Byung-Hyun_Kim -
Cal Ripken, Jr.
http://wn.com/Cal_Ripken_Jr -
Carl Crawford
Carl lindeman Crawford (born August 5, 1981, in ) is the starting left fielder for the Tampa Bay Rays of Major League Baseball. He bats and throws left-handed.
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Carl Mays
Carl William Mays (November 12, 1891 – April 4, 1971) was a right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1915 to 1929. He is remembered for throwing a beanball on August 16, 1920, that struck and killed Ray Chapman of the Cleveland Indians, making Chapman only the second person to die from an injury sustained while playing major league baseball.
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Carl Pavano
Carl Anthony Pavano (born January 8, 1976) is a Major League Baseball pitcher for the Minnesota Twins.
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Carl Yastrzemski
Carl Michael Yastrzemski (, (born August 22, 1939), nicknamed "Yaz," is a former American Major League Baseball player. Yastrzemski played his entire 23-year career with the Boston Red Sox, primarily as a left fielder, with part of his later career played at first base and as a designated hitter. Yastrzemski is an 18-time all-star, the possessor of seven Gold Gloves, a member of the 3000 hit club, and the first American League player in that club to also accumulate over 400 home runs. He is second on the all-time list for games played, and third for total at-bats. He is the Red Sox' all-time leader in career RBIs, runs, hits, singles, doubles, total bases, and games played, and is second on the team's list for home runs behind another Red Sox great, Ted Williams, his predecessor in left field. In , Yastrzemski achieved a peak in his career, leading the Red Sox to the American League pennant for the first time in over two decades, in that season being voted the American League MVP, and being the last winner of the triple crown for batters in the major leagues. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1989.
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Carlton Fisk
http://wn.com/Carlton_Fisk -
Charles Somers
Charles Somers aka Charles W. Somers, (born October 13, 1868 in Newark, Ohio - June 29, 1934 Put-in-Bay, Ohio) was an American executive in Cleveland, Ohio's coal industry who also achieved prominence in Major League Baseball. The financial resources from his business interests allowed Somers to become one of the principal founders of baseball's American League in 1901.
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Chase Wright
Sebern Chase Wright (born February 8, 1983, in ) is an American Major League Baseball pitcher who is presently in the Milwaukee Brewers organization. He bats and throws left-handed. Wright throws a low 90s 4-seam fastball, a slider, a curveball, and a changeup.
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Che-Hsuan Lin
Che-Hsuan Lin [Chay shoo-ahn Lin] (; born September 21, 1988 in Hualien, Taiwan) is a center fielder in the Boston Red Sox minor league system
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Chick Shorten
Charles Henry "Chick" Shorten (1892-1965), born and died in Scranton, Pennsylvania.
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Chick Stahl
Charles Sylvester "Chick" Stahl (January 10, 1873 - March 28, 1907) was an American outfielder in Major League Baseball who was among the most feared and consistent hitters in his time. In his rookie 1897 season with the Boston Beaneaters, he batted .354, and over his first six seasons, he averaged over .300. In 1899, he had six hits in a game, and in the 1903 World Series, he hit three triples. By 1904, including his time with the Beaneaters and the Boston Americans, Stahl had been a key part of four pennant winning teams in seven seasons.
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Chris Evert
Christine Marie "Chris" Evert (born December 21, 1954) is a former world number 1 professional tennis player from the United States. She won 18 Grand Slam singles championships, including a record seven championships at the French Open and a record six championships at the U.S. Open. According to the Women's Tennis Association, she was the year-ending World No. 1 singles player in 1975, 1976, 1977, 1980, and 1981 and, according to many sources, in 1974 and 1978, also.
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Clay Buchholz
Clay Buchholz (born August 14, 1984 in ) is an All-Star Major League Baseball starting pitcher for the Boston Red Sox. Most notably, on September 1, 2007, he threw a no-hitter in his second major league start against the Baltimore Orioles, becoming the third MLB pitcher since 1900 to throw a no-hitter in his first or second major league start. He is the first Red Sox rookie and 17th Red Sox pitcher to throw a no-hitter.
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Clayton Mortensen
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Cliff Floyd
Cornelius Clifford Floyd Jr. (born December 5, 1972 in Chicago, Illinois) is a former Major League Baseball outfielder who last played for the San Diego Padres.
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Clyde Engle
Arthur Clyde Engle [Hack] (March 19, 1884 - December 26, 1939) was an utility who played in Major League Baseball between and . Listed at 5' 10", 190 lb., Engle batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Dayton, Ohio.
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Coco Crisp
Covelli Loyce "Coco" Crisp (born November 1, 1979, in Los Angeles, California) is a Major League Baseball center fielder for the Oakland Athletics. Crisp is a switch-hitter and throws right-handed. He previously played for the Cleveland Indians, Boston Red Sox and Kansas City Royals. Crisp is well known for being a very good defensive outfielder.
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Cody Ross
Cody Joseph Ross (born December 23, 1980 in Portales, New Mexico) is an outfielder in Major League Baseball who plays for the San Francisco Giants. He previously played with the Detroit Tigers in , Los Angeles Dodgers (-), Cincinnati Reds (2006), and Florida Marlins (-). Ross played high school baseball in Carlsbad, New Mexico. Ross is one of only a handful of major leaguers who bat right handed and throw left handed.
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Curt Gowdy
Curtis Edward "Curt" Gowdy (July 31, 1919–February 20, 2006) was an American sportscaster, well-known as the longtime "voice" of the Boston Red Sox and for his coverage of many nationally-televised sporting events, primarily for NBC Sports in the 1960s and 1970s.
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Curt Leskanic
Curtis John Leskanic (; born April 2, 1968 in Homestead, Pennsylvania) is a former relief pitcher for the Boston Red Sox, Colorado Rockies, Milwaukee Brewers, and Kansas City Royals. He currently is a professional scout for the Red Sox.
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Curt Schilling
Curtis Montague Schilling (born November 14, 1966 in ) is a former American Major League Baseball right-handed starting pitcher. He helped lead the Philadelphia Phillies to the World Series in and has won World Series championships in with the Arizona Diamondbacks and in and with the Boston Red Sox. Schilling retired with a career postseason record of 11–2, which is equivalent to a .846 postseason winning percentage, a major-league record among pitchers with at least 10 decisions.
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Cy Young
http://wn.com/Cy_Young -
César Tovar
http://wn.com/César_Tovar -
Daisuke Matsuzaka
is a starting pitcher for the Boston Red Sox.
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Dale Murphy
http://wn.com/Dale_Murphy -
Dan Duquette
Daniel F. Duquette (born 1958) is a former front-office executive in Major League Baseball and served as director of baseball operations for the now defunct Israel Baseball League. Duquette was the general manager of the Montreal Expos from September through January and for the Boston Red Sox from through February . He was fired from his general manager post in 2002 when John W. Henry bought the team from the JRY Trust, headed by John Harrington.
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Dana LeVangie
Dana LeVangie (born August 11, 1969) is a former baseball player. Listed at 5' 10", 185 lb., LeVangie batted and threw right-handed. He is currently a Major League Baseball scout for the Boston Red Sox.
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Daniel Bard
Daniel Paul Bard (born June 25, 1985) is a right-handed baseball pitcher for the Boston Red Sox. Bard made his debut with the Red Sox in May 2009.
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Darnell McDonald
Darnell Tyrone McDonald (born November 17, 1978 in Fort Collins, Colorado) is a Major League Baseball outfielder for the Boston Red Sox.
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Dave Henderson
David Lee Henderson (born July 21, 1958 in Dos Palos, California), nicknamed Hendu, is an American former Major League Baseball player who played for the Seattle Mariners (-), Boston Red Sox (1986-), San Francisco Giants (1987), Oakland Athletics (-) and Kansas City Royals (). He batted and threw right-handed. He attended Dos Palos High School where his football #42 and baseball #22 were both retired for his hometown Broncos, who wear blue and gold. He graduated from Dos Palos High School in 1977.
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Dave Magadan
David Joseph Magadan (born September 30, 1962 in ) is a former Major League Baseball first and third baseman and current Red Sox Hitting Coach. He is the cousin and godson of former manager, Lou Piniella.
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Dave Shean
David William Shean (July 9, 1883 - May 22, 1963) was a reserve infielder/outfielder in Major League Baseball, playing mainly as a second baseman from through for the Philadelphia Athletics (1906), Philadelphia Phillies (1908-1909), Boston Doves (1909-1910), Chicago Cubs (1911), Boston Braves (1917), Cincinnati Reds (1917) and Boston Red Sox (1918-1919). Listed at 5' 11", ., Shean batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Arlington, Massachusetts.
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David Ortiz
http://wn.com/David_Ortiz -
Deacon McGuire
James Thomas "Deacon" McGuire (November 18, 1863 – October 31, 1936) was a catcher, manager and coach in Major League Baseball who spent over a quarter of a century playing professional baseball in a much-traveled career which saw him set several records for durability. His record of playing in 26 major league seasons was unmatched until , and he established a major league record for career games caught which stood until ; his record of 1859 career assists as a catcher remains the major league record.
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Dean Smith
http://wn.com/Dean_Smith -
Del Baker
http://wn.com/Del_Baker -
Del Gainer
http://wn.com/Del_Gainer -
Del Pratt
http://wn.com/Del_Pratt -
DeMarlo Hale
DeMarlo Hale (born July 16, 1961 in Chicago, Illinois) is a Major League Baseball coach for the Boston Red Sox.
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Dennis Eckersley
Dennis Lee "Eck" Eckersley (born October 3, 1954), is a former American Major League Baseball player who was born in Oakland, California. Eckersley had success as a starter, but gained his greatest fame as a closer, becoming the first of only two pitchers in Major League history to have both a 20-win season and a 50-save season in a career (the other being John Smoltz).
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Denny Galehouse
Dennis Ward Galehouse (December 7, 1911 - October 14, 1998) born in Marshallville, Ohio was a pitcher for the Cleveland Indians (1934-38), Boston Red Sox (1939-40 and 1947-49) and St. Louis Browns (1941-44 and 1946-47). He helped the Browns win the 1944 American League Pennant.
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Derek Jeter
Derek Sanderson Jeter (; born June 26, 1974) is an American professional baseball player. He is a Major League Baseball (MLB) shortstop who has played his entire career for the New York Yankees. He has served as the Yankees' team captain since 2003. Jeter's presence in the Yankees' lineup, highlighted by his hitting prowess, played an instrumental role in the team's late 1990s dynasty.
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Derek Lowe
Derek Christopher Lowe (born June 1, 1973, in Dearborn, Michigan) is a Major League Baseball starting pitcher for the Atlanta Braves. He throws and bats right-handed. He is 6'6" and 230 pounds.
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Dick Hoblitzel
http://wn.com/Dick_Hoblitzel -
Dick O'Connell
http://wn.com/Dick_O'Connell -
Dick Williams
http://wn.com/Dick_Williams -
Dom DiMaggio
Dominic Paul DiMaggio (February 12, 1917 – May 8, 2009) was a center fielder in Major League Baseball who played his entire career for the Boston Red Sox from 1940 to 1953. He was the youngest of three brothers who each became major league center fielders, the others being Joe and Vince.
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Don Orsillo
Don Orsillo (born December 16, 1968) is the play-by-play announcer for Boston Red Sox games on the New England Sports Network.
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Don Zimmer
Donald William "Popeye" Zimmer (born January 17, 1931, in Cincinnati, Ohio) is a former infielder, manager, and coach in Major League Baseball, currently serving as a senior advisor to the Tampa Bay Rays baseball organization. In December 2008, he suffered a stroke, causing loss of speech for a week.
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Donnie Moore
Donnie Ray Moore (February 13, 1954 – July 18, 1989) was an American relief pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Chicago Cubs (1975, 1977-79), St. Louis Cardinals (1980), Milwaukee Brewers (1981), Atlanta Braves (1982-84) and California Angels (1985-88).
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Doug Mientkiewicz
Douglas Andrew Mientkiewicz ( (born June 19, 1974 in Toledo, Ohio) is a Major League Baseball first baseman, who is currently a free agent.
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Doug Mirabelli
Douglas Anthony Mirabelli (born October 18, 1970 in Kingman, Arizona) is a former Major League Baseball catcher. He played for the San Francisco Giants (1996-2000), Texas Rangers (2001), Boston Red Sox (2001-2005), and San Diego Padres (2006) before returning to the Red Sox (2006-2007) to end his eleven year career. He batted and threw right-handed.
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Drake Britton
http://wn.com/Drake_Britton -
Duffy Lewis
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Duke Farrell
Charles Andrew Farrell (August 31, 1866 - February 15, 1925) was a 19th century Major League Baseball catcher. Born in Oakdale, Massachusetts, he played for eight teams during his 18 year career. In 18 seasons he played in 1,563 Games, had 5,679 At Bats, 826 Runs, 1,564 Hits, 211 Doubles, 123 Triples, 51 Home Runs, 912 RBI, 150 Stolen Bases, 477 Walks, .275 Batting Average, .337 On-base percentage, .383 Slugging Percentage, 2,174 Total Bases and 48 Sacrifice Hits.
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Dustin Pedroia
Dustin Luis Pedroia (born August 17, 1983, in Woodland, California) is a Major League Baseball second baseman for the Boston Red Sox. During his brief career in the majors, Pedroia has won several awards, including the 2007 AL Rookie of the Year and the 2008 AL MVP award. He also won a Silver Slugger as a second baseman, and a Gold Glove in 2008. He was also second overall in the AL in batting average in 2008.
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Dwight Evans
http://wn.com/Dwight_Evans -
Dwyane Wade
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Earl Webb
William Earl Webb (September 17, 1897 - May 23, 1965) was an American right fielder in Major League Baseball, playing from 1925 to 1933. He played for five teams, including the Boston Red Sox for three years. He was born in White County, Tennessee and died in Jamestown, Tennessee. In 1931, while playing for the Red Sox, he hit a record 67 doubles, a record that still stands today. He had a career batting average of .306 with 56 home runs. Webb finished second in the league in extra base hits in 1931 with 84. His .333 batting average in 1931 was seventh-highest in the American League. He also finished seventh in the 1931 American League Most Valuable Player voting. He batted left-handed, and threw right-handed.
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Ed Barrow
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Eddie Collins
Edward Trowbridge Collins, Sr. (May 2, 1887 – March 25, 1951), nicknamed "Cocky", was an American second baseman, manager and executive in Major League Baseball who played from to for the Philadelphia Athletics and Chicago White Sox.
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Eddie Kasko
Edward Michael Kasko (born June 27, 1932, at Linden, New Jersey) is a former infielder, manager, scout and front office executive in American Major League Baseball.
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Eddie Popowski
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Edgar Rentería
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Enos Slaughter
Enos Bradsher Slaughter (April 27, 1916 - August 12, 2002) was an American right fielder in Major League Baseball. Nicknamed "Country", he batted .300 for 19 seasons, the first 13 with the St. Louis Cardinals.
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Eric Hinske
Eric Scott Hinske (born August 5, 1977 in Menasha, Wisconsin) is a Major League Baseball player for the Atlanta Braves. Hinske has spent time at the major league level with the Toronto Blue Jays, Boston Red Sox, Tampa Bay Rays, Pittsburgh Pirates, and New York Yankees playing third base, first base, left field, and right field. He is listed at 6'2", 235 pounds. He played in three consecutive World Series each one with a different team, losing with the Rays in 2008 and winning with the Red Sox in 2007 and Yankees in 2009.
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Ernie Shore
http://wn.com/Ernie_Shore -
Euclides Rojas
http://wn.com/Euclides_Rojas -
Ferguson Jenkins
Ferguson Arthur "Fergie" Jenkins, CM, (born December 13, 1942 in Chatham, Ontario) is a Canadian former right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball. He was a three-time All-Star, winner of the 1971 Cy Young Award, and was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1991.
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Francis Beltrán
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Frank Cashen
John Francis Cashen (born 1922) is a former general manager in Major League Baseball. He is widely considered to be the architect of the World Champion 1986 New York Mets and was also an executive while the Baltimore Orioles won the 1966 World Series and 1970 World Series.
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Frank Chance
Frank Leroy Chance (September 9, 1876 – September 15, 1924) was a Major League Baseball player at the turn of the 20th century. Performing the roles of first baseman and manager, Chance led the Chicago Cubs to four National League championships in the span of five years (1906-1910) and earned the nickname "The Peerless Leader".
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Frank Gilhooley
Frank Patrick Gilhooley [Flash] (June 10, 1892 - July 11, 1959) was an outfielder in Major League Baseball, playing mostly as a right fielder from through for the St. Louis Cardinals (1911-12), New York Yankees (1913-18) and Boston Red Sox (1919). Listed at 5' 8", 155 lb., Gilhooley batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was born in Toledo, Ohio and attended Central Catholic High School (Toledo, Ohio).
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Fred Lake
Frederick Lovett Lake (October 16, 1866 - November 24, 1931) was a Canadian professional baseball player and major league manager with both Boston baseball teams in the early 20th century.
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Fred Lynn
Fredric Michael "Fred" Lynn (born February 3, 1952 in Chicago, Illinois) is a former center fielder in Major League Baseball who played for the Boston Red Sox (1974–80), California Angels (1981–84), Baltimore Orioles (1985–88), Detroit Tigers (1988–89) and San Diego Padres (1990).
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Gabe Kapler
Gabriel "Gabe" Stefan Kapler (born July 31, 1975, in Hollywood, California) is a Major League Baseball outfielder for the Tampa Bay Rays. He has also played portions of nine seasons in Major League Baseball with the Detroit Tigers, Texas Rangers, Colorado Rockies, Boston Red Sox, and Milwaukee Brewers. He is 6 feet 2 inches tall, and weighs 205 lbs.
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Gary Carter
http://wn.com/Gary_Carter -
Gary Tuck
Gary Robert Tuck (born September 6, 1954 in Amsterdam, New York) is currently the bullpen coach for the Boston Red Sox.
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George Huff (coach)
George A. Huff, Jr. (June 11, 1872 – October 1, 1936) was an American football and baseball player, coach, and college athletics administrator. Huff served as the head football coach at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign from 1895 to 1899, compiling a record of 21–16–3. He was also the head baseball coach at Illinois from 1896 to 1919, tallying a mark of 317–97–4, and the athletic director at Illinois from 1901 to 1935. Huff Hall at the University of Illinois in Champaign is named in his honor.
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George Vecsey
George Vecsey (born in New York City, New York) is a sports columnist for The New York Times and is a non-fiction author. He is the older brother of New York Post sports columnist Peter Vecsey and the father of Laura Vecsey, the Harrisburg Patriot-News political columnist; David Vecsey, a copy editor at The New York Times Magazine; and Corinna Wilson, chief counsel for Pennsylvania Treasury Secretary Rob McCord. Vecsey is most well known for his work in sports, but he has co-written several autobiographies with well-known non-sports figures.
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George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (; born July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut) was the 43rd President of the United States, serving from 2001 to 2009, and the 46th Governor of Texas, serving from 1995 to 2000.
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George Whiteman
George (Lucky) Whiteman (December 23, 1882 - February 10, 1947) was an utility outfielder in Major League Baseball who played for the Boston Red Sox (1907, 1918) and New York Yankees (1913). Whiteman batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Peoria, Illinois.
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Gordon Edes
Gordon Edes is an American sportswriter and covers baseball for [http://www.espnboston.com ESPN Boston]. He is best known for his long time coverage of the Boston Red Sox baseball beat for the Boston Globe. He is a voter for the Baseball Hall of Fame.
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Grady Little
William Grady Little (born March 30, 1950) is a former manager in Major League Baseball. He managed the Boston Red Sox from to and the Los Angeles Dodgers from to . He was inducted into the Kinston, North Carolina, Professional Baseball Hall of Fame in .
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Graig Nettles
http://wn.com/Graig_Nettles -
Greg LeMond
Cyclist
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Hack Miller
Laurence H. "Hack" Miller (January 1, 1894 – September 17, 1971), was a professional baseball player who played outfielder in the Major Leagues from 1916-1925.
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Hal Janvrin
Harold Chandler Janvrin (August 27, 1892 - March 1, 1962) born in Haverhill, Massachusetts was a utility infielder for the Boston Red Sox (1911 and 1913-17), Washington Senators (1919), St. Louis Cardinals (1919-21) and Brooklyn Robins (1921-22).
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Hanley Ramírez
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Harry Harper
Harry Clayton Harper (April 24, 1895 - April 23, 1963) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for four different teams between and . Listed at 6' 2", 165 lb., Harper batted and threw left-handed. He was born in Hackensack, New Jersey.
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Harry Hooper
Harry Bartholomew Hooper (August 24, 1887 – December 18, 1974) was a Major League Baseball player in the early 20th century. Hooper batted left-handed and threw right-handed. Hooper was born in Bell Station, California. A graduate in engineering at Saint Mary's College of California, he broke into the majors with the Red Sox in 1909, and still holds many of the team's records. He was traded to the Chicago White Sox in the 1921 season and finished his career in 1925.
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Harry Wright
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Haywood Sullivan
Haywood Cooper Sullivan (December 15, 1930 – February 12, 2003) was an American catcher, manager, general manager and club owner in Major League Baseball. From 1978 through 1993, he was a general partner in the Boston Red Sox, where he reportedly parlayed a $200,000 investment into a $33 million cash out.
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Heathcliff Slocumb
Heath "Heathcliff" Slocumb (born June 7, 1966 in Jamaica, New York) is a former Major League Baseball relief pitcher. He batted and threw right-handed.
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Heinie Manush
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Heinie Wagner
Charles F. Wagner, better known as "Heinie," (September 23, 1880 - March 20, 1943) was a shortstop for the New York Giants and the Boston Red Sox. While not an exceptionally good fielder (he averaged 40 errors between 1908 and 1911), he was known to block the basepaths with his "exceptionally big" feet. After retiring, he stayed with the Red Sox as a coach, and in 1930, he was hired to replace two-time World Series winner Bill Carrigan as manager of the Sox, but he fared no better, leading Boston to a league-worst 52-102 (.338) record. He never managed again.
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Herb Pennock
Herbert Jefferis Pennock (February 10, 1894 - January 30, 1948) was a left-handed Major League Baseball pitcher best known for his time spent with the star-studded New York Yankee teams of the mid to late 1920s and early 1930s. Pennock won two World Series championships with the Red Sox and then four World Series championships with the Yankees. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1948.
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Hick Cady
Forrest Leroy (Hick) Cady (January 26, 1886 - March 3, 1946) was a backup catcher in Major League Baseball who played for the Boston Red Sox (1912-1917) and Philadelphia Phillies (1919). Cady batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Bishop Hill, Illinois.
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Hideki Okajima
is a left-handed relief pitcher for the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball. He was elected to the 2007 Major League Baseball All-Star Game as a first time All-Star via the Monster All-Star Final Vote.
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Hobe Ferris
Albert Sayles "Hobe" Ferris, (December 7, 1877 – March 18, 1938), was a Major League second baseman during the 1900s. He holds the record for the lowest on base percentage of any player in Major League Baseball history with over 5000 plate appearances, recording an OBP of just .265. Despite this, his career slugging percentage is actually higher than the league average of the period.
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Hugh Bedient
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Ichiro Suzuki
, often known simply as , nicknamed "Ichi" & "The Hits Man", (born October 22, 1973, in Kasugai, Nishikasugai, Aichi Prefecture, Japan) is a Major League Baseball right fielder for the Seattle Mariners. Ichiro has established a number of batting records, including the sport's single-season record for base hits with 262. He has had ten consecutive 200-hit seasons, the longest streak by any player, surpassing Wee Willie Keeler's streak of eight. Pete Rose, who had ten non-consecutive 200-hit seasons, is the only player with the same amount as Ichiro.
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Ingemar Johansson
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Ivers Whitney Adams
Ivers Whitney Adams (born in Ashburnham, Massachusetts in 1838) was an American baseball executive and businessperson and founder of the first professional baseball team in Boston, the Boston Red Stockings.
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J. D. Drew
David Jonathan "J. D." Drew (born November 20, 1975, in Valdosta, Georgia) is a Major League Baseball right fielder for the Boston Red Sox. He is a left-handed hitter, and began his major league career in with the St. Louis Cardinals.
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Jack Chesbro
John Dwight Chesbro (June 5, 1874 – November 6, 1931) was a Major League Baseball pitcher at the turn of the 20th century. He was the last major league pitcher to win 40 games or more in a single season until Ed Walsh did it in 1908. Chesbro was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1946.
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Jack Curry
Jack Curry was an American sportswriter for The New York Times, who is currently a commentator on the YES Network. Until recently, he was the national baseball correspondent for the Times. Before taking over that beat, he covered the Yankees for the Times. He was nominated for a Pulitzer Prize for co-writing a series on the demise of high school sports in New York in 1999. On December 11, 2009, he announced the following on his Twitter page: "My rewarding 22-year career at The Times is over, but I'm not done reporting and writing. I've got another 22 ahead, at least. See you soon."
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Jack Nicklaus
Jack William Nicklaus (born January 21, 1940), also known as "The Golden Bear", is an American professional golfer. With the most victories in major championships (18), he was continuously ranked as the world's number one golfer on McCormack's World Golf Rankings from its inception in 1968 to 1977. Having won seven professional major titles between 1962 and 1967, he would likely have been considered number one in some of those years as well (a period when he, Arnold Palmer and Gary Player vied for that status in public acclaim as The Big Three). After 1978, while much younger players such as Tom Watson and Seve Ballesteros came to be ranked higher than him, Nicklaus continued to regularly challenge for and indeed win many major titles until 1986, making a full quarter-century in which he competed at the very highest level of his sport. Indeed, over the course of this 25-year period of 100 major championships as a professional, Nicklaus finished either first or second 36 times, in the top three 45 times, the top five 54 times, and the top 10 67 times. Nicklaus and the other 45 major championship winners during this period combined for a total of 119 major championship victories, 704 official PGA Tour wins, and over 825 additional individual professional victories (excludes Champions Tour events, etc.). While other marquee players such as Nick Faldo, Tom Kite, Nick Price, Payne Stewart, and Curtis Strange were winning numerous tournaments worldwide, they had yet to break through with major wins prior to 1987, but proved to be on the verge of doing so. These facts make this period arguably the most competitive in the history of professional golf and illustrate Nicklaus' ability and durability over time.
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Jackie Robinson
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Jackie Stewart
:For other people of this name see Jackie Stewart (disambiguation).
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Jacoby Ellsbury
Jacoby McCabe Ellsbury (first name (Juh-coh-bee); born September 11, 1983 in Madras, Oregon) is a Major League Baseball outfielder for the Boston Red Sox. Ellsbury was first drafted by the Tampa Bay Devil Rays in the 23rd round of the 2002 MLB Draft but did not sign. He was then drafted by Boston in 2005, 23rd overall, after three years at Oregon State University.
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Jake Stahl
http://wn.com/Jake_Stahl -
Japanese people
The are an ethnic group originating in the Japanese archipelago and are the predominant ethnic group of Japan. Worldwide, approximately 130 million people are of Japanese descent; of these, approximately 127 million are residents of Japan. People of Japanese ancestry who live in other countries are referred to as . The term "Japanese people" may also be used in some contexts to refer to a locus of ethnic groups including the Yamato people, Ainu people, and Ryukyuans.
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Jason Bay
Jason Raymond Bay (born September 20, 1978, in Trail, British Columbia) is a Canadian professional baseball player. An outfielder, he currently plays for the New York Mets of Major League Baseball. Bay has previously played for the San Diego Padres, the Pittsburgh Pirates, and the Boston Red Sox.
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Jason Repko
Jason Edward Repko (born December 27, 1980, in East Chicago, Indiana) is a Major League Baseball outfielder for the Minnesota Twins. Naturally a centerfielder, his career has been slowed by numerous injuries.
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Javier López
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Jean Dubuc
http://wn.com/Jean_Dubuc -
Jean R. Yawkey
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Jed Hoyer
Jed D. Hoyer (born December 7, 1973), is the executive vice-president and general manager of the San Diego Padres. He is formerly the assistant general manager of the Boston Red Sox. He joined the Red Sox in 2002, after the ownership of John W. Henry, Tom Werner, and Larry Lucchino took over the team from John Harrington. He worked under the title of assistant to the general manager until December 2005. He then was given the title of assistant general manager. Hoyer briefly served as co-general manager of the Red Sox from October 31, 2005- January 19, 2006 and then returning to his previous job of assistant general manager. In November 2003, he accompanied general manager Theo Epstein to Arizona to persuade pitcher Curt Schilling to accept a trade to the Red Sox, spending Thanksgiving at Schilling's home in what was eventually a successful effort.
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Jed Lowrie
Jed Carlson Lowrie (born April 17, 1984 in Salem, Oregon) is a Major League Baseball infielder for the Boston Red Sox. While primarily a shortstop and third baseman, he has also played at both first base and second base.
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Jeremy Giambi
Jeremy Dean Giambi () (born September 30, 1974 in San Jose, California) is a left-handed, former Major League Baseball player for the Kansas City Royals, Oakland Athletics, Philadelphia Phillies, and Boston Red Sox. He also played in the minors for the Los Angeles Dodgers and Chicago White Sox. He is the younger brother of Colorado Rockies first baseman Jason Giambi.
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Jerry Lucas
Jerry Ray Lucas (born March 30, 1940) was a basketball player from the 1950s to the 1970s, and is now a memory education expert. In 1996, the NBA's 50th anniversary, he was named one of the 50 greatest players in National Basketball Association history. He was named to Sports Illustrateds five-man College All-Century Team in 1999.
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Jerry Remy
Gerald Peter "Rem Dog" Remy (b. November 8, 1952, Fall River, Massachusetts) is a Major League Baseball broadcaster and former Major League Baseball second baseman. Remy grew up in Somerset, Massachusetts, and currently resides in Weston.
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Jerry Royster
Jeron Kennis Royster (born October 18, 1952 in Sacramento, California) was a third baseman for the Los Angeles Dodgers, Atlanta Braves, San Diego Padres, Chicago White Sox, and the New York Yankees, as well as a former manager of the Milwaukee Brewers. He is former the manager of the Lotte Giants in the Korea Baseball Organization.
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Jerry Trupiano
Jerome Michael "Jerry" Trupiano (born 13 October 1947 in St. Louis, Missouri) is an American radio sportscaster and the former color commentator voice of the Boston Red Sox. Trupiano is a graduate of Saint Louis University where he began his broadcasting career as a disc jockey on the college radio station.
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Jesse Burkett
Jesse Cail Burkett (December 4, 1868 – May 27, 1953), nicknamed "The Crab", was a Major League Baseball player at the turn of the 20th century. He also was a coach in the Major Leagues under John McGraw for the New York Giants, owned and managed the minor league Worcester club, and coached Holy Cross College.
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Jesse Tannehill
Jesse Niles Tannehill was a dead-ball era left-handed pitcher for the Cincinnati Reds, Pittsburgh Pirates, New York Highlanders, Boston Red Sox and Pilgrims, and the Washington Senators. Tannehill was among the best pitchers of his era and was one of the best-hitting pitchers of all time. In fact, Tannehill was such a good hitter that he was used in the outfield 87 times in his career.
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Jim Rice
James Edward Rice (born March 8, 1953) is a former left fielder in Major League Baseball.
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Jim Ryun
MedalCountry|
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Jimmy Collins
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Jimy Williams
James Francis "Jimy" Williams (born October 4, 1943) is an American former manager of three Major League Baseball teams. He was born in Santa Maria, California.
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Joe Castiglione
Joseph J. Castiglione (born 2 March 1947) is an American radio announcer for the Boston Red Sox baseball team, an author and lecturer.
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Joe DiMaggio
Joseph Paul "Joe" DiMaggio (November 25, 1914 – March 8, 1999) was an American baseball player for the New York Yankees. He was voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1955. He was the middle of three brothers who each became major league center fielders, the others being Vince and Dom.
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Joe Dugan
Joseph Anthony (Joe) Dugan (May 12, 1897 - July 7, 1982), also nicknamed "Jumping Joe", was an American third baseman in Major League Baseball. From 1917 through 1931, he played for the Philadelphia Athletics (1917-22), Boston Red Sox (1922), New York Yankees (1922-28), Boston Braves (1929) and Detroit Tigers (1931). Dugan batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Mahanoy City, Pennsylvania.
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Joe Kerrigan
Joseph Thomas Kerrigan (born November 30, 1954 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is a former relief pitcher, manager and longtime pitching coach in Major League Baseball.
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Joe Montana
For the actor with a similarly pronounced name, see Joe Mantegna.
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Joe Morgan
Joe Leonard Morgan (born September 19, 1943) is a former Major League Baseball second baseman. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1990. Morgan is currently a commentator for ESPN television and radio and a member of the Cincinnati Reds front office.
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Joe Morgan (manager)
Joseph Michael Morgan (born November 19, 1930 in Walpole, Massachusetts) is a retired American infielder, manager, coach and scout in Major League Baseball.
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Johann Olav Koss
Johann Olav Koss (born 29 October 1968) is a former speed skater from Norway, considered to be one of the best in history, and current assistant coach of Norway's speed skating team.
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John Olerud
John Garrett Olerud (, born August 5, 1968; nicknamed Big Rude, and Johnny O), is a former American first baseman in Major League Baseball. Olerud played with the Toronto Blue Jays (1989–96), New York Mets (1997–99), Seattle Mariners (2000–2004), New York Yankees (2004) and Boston Red Sox (2005).
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John Updike
John Hoyer Updike (March 18, 1932 – January 27, 2009) was an American novelist, poet, short story writer, art critic, and literary critic.
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John W. Henry
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John Wooden
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Johnny Pesky
John Michael Pesky (born John Michael Paveskovich, September 27, 1919), nicknamed "The Needle," is a former Major League Baseball shortstop/third baseman who played in the American League from 1942 to 1954. He missed all of the 1943, 1944, and 1945 seasons while serving in World War II.
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Johnny Podres
John Joseph Podres (September 30, 1932–January 13, 2008) was an American left-handed starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who spent most of his career with the Brooklyn and Los Angeles Dodgers. He is perhaps best remembered for being named the Most Valuable Player of the 1955 World Series, pitching a shutout in Game 7 against the New York Yankees to help bring the Dodgers their first World Series title. He later led the National League in earned run average and shutouts in 1957, and in winning percentage in 1961.Johnny Podreswas discussed on the top ten show on IsraelSportsRadio.com on October 14, 11 am EST.
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Jon Lester
Jonathan Tyler Lester (born January 7, 1984, in Tacoma, Washington) is a left-handed starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who plays for the Boston Red Sox. Less than two years after being diagnosed with lymphoma, Lester pitched the final game of the 2007 World Series, and in May 2008, threw a no-hitter against the Kansas City Royals.
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Jon Rish
Jon Rish is a radio host for WEEI in Boston. He hosts the Boston Red Sox pre and post game show on the Boston Red Sox Radio Network.
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Jonathan Meath
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Jonathan Papelbon
Jonathan Robert Papelbon (; born November 23, 1980 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana) is a Major League Baseball closer for the Boston Red Sox. He bats and throws right-handed.
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Joseph Lannin
http://wn.com/Joseph_Lannin -
Josh Beckett
Joshua Patrick Beckett (born May 15, 1980, in ) is a Major League Baseball right-handed starting pitcher for the Boston Red Sox. During his career in the playoffs, he won the 2003 World Series MVP Award with the Florida Marlins, and received the 2007 ALCS MVP award with the Red Sox.
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Juan Marichal
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Judi Brown
Judith ("Judi") Lynne Brown-King (born July 14, 1961) is an American athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metre hurdles.
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Julio Lugo
Julio Cesar Lugo (born on November 16, 1975, in Barahona, Dominican Republic) is a major league shortstop for the Baltimore Orioles. He bats and throws right-handed. Lugo is the older brother of baseball pitcher Ruddy Lugo.
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Julián Tavárez
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Kareem Abdul-Jabbar
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (born Ferdinand Lewis "Lew" Alcindor, Jr., April 16, 1947) is an American retired basketball player, coach, actor, and author. During his career with the NBA's Milwaukee Bucks and Los Angeles Lakers from 1969 to 1989, Abdul-Jabbar scored more points than any other player in league history, won six NBA championships and a record six regular season MVP Awards. In college at UCLA, he played on three championship teams, and his high school team won 71 consecutive games.
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Keith Foulke
Keith Charles Foulke ( "folk") (born October 19, 1972 in Ellsworth Air Force Base, South Dakota) is a former Major League Baseball relief pitcher.
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Ken Coleman
Kenneth R. Coleman (April 22, 1925 - August 21, 2003) was an American radio and television sportscaster for 38 years (1952 - 1989). He was born in Quincy, Massachusetts.
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Ken Griffey Sr.
http://wn.com/Ken_Griffey_Sr -
Ken Venturi
Kenneth Venturi (born May 15, 1931) is an American former professional golfer and golf broadcaster.
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Kevin Cash
Kevin Forrest Cash (born December 6, 1977 in ) is a Major League Baseball catcher who is a free agent. He has played for the Toronto Blue Jays, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, Boston Red Sox, New York Yankees and Houston Astros.
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Kevin Youkilis
Kevin Edmund Youkilis (; born March 15, 1979, in Cincinnati, Ohio), also known as "Youk" (), is an All Star Major League Baseball player, who has played for the Boston Red Sox and its minor league affiliates throughout his professional career, which began in 2001.
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Kip Selbach
Albert Karl (Kip) Selbach (March 24, 1872 - February 17, 1956) was a left fielder in Major League Baseball. From 1894 through 1906, he played for the Washington Senators (NL), Cincinnati Reds, New York Giants, Baltimore Orioles, Washington Senators (AL) and Boston Ameiricans (1904-1906). Selbach batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Columbus, Ohio.
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Kipchoge Keino
Kipchoge ("Kip") Keino (born January 17, 1940), chairman of the Kenyan Olympic Committee (KOC), is a retired Kenyan track and field athlete and two-time Olympic gold medalist. Kip Keino was among the first in a long line of successful middle and long distance runners to come from the country and has helped and inspired many of his fellow countrymen and women to become the athletics force that they are today.
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Korean War
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Kyle Snyder
Kyle Ehren Snyder (born September 9, 1977) is an American baseball player, who is a relief pitcher in the New York Mets organization of Major League Baseball. Previously, Snyder played with the Kansas City Royals (, -) and the Boston Red Sox (-). He is listed at 6-8 and 220 pounds, is a switch hitter, and throws right-handed.
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Lance Armstrong
Lance Edward Armstrong (born Lance Edward Gunderson on September 18, 1971) is an American professional road racing cyclist who is best known for winning the Tour de France a record seven consecutive times, after having survived testicular cancer. He is also the founder and chairman of the Lance Armstrong Foundation for cancer research and support. He rides for UCI ProTour team .
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Larry Gardner
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Larry Lucchino
Lawrence Lucchino, (born September 6, 1945 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) is the current President and CEO of the Boston Red Sox, and a member of John W. Henry's ownership group.
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Larry Parrish
http://wn.com/Larry_Parrish -
Lee Fohl
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Lee Trevino
Lee Buck Trevino (born December 1, 1939) is an American professional golfer. He is an icon for Mexican Americans, and is often referred to as "The Merry Mex" and "Supermex".
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Leigh Montville
Leigh Montville (born July 20, 1943 in New Haven, Connecticut) is a highly respected sportswriter, columnist and author. He is a graduate of the University of Connecticut.
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Leon Culberson
Delbert Leon Culberson (August 6, 1919 - September 17, 1989) was a Major League baseball outfielder. He was born in Halls, GA.
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Les Otten
Les Otten (born 1949), was the CEO of the American Skiing Company. Since resigning as Chief Executive Officer in 2001, Otten has been involved in numerous other businesses and industries, including Major League Baseball's Boston Red Sox.
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Lou Boudreau
Louis "Lou" Boudreau (July 17, 1917, in Harvey, Illinois – August 10, 2001) was an American Major League Baseball player and manager. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1970. He was also a radio announcer for the Chicago Cubs of the National League.
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Lou Criger
http://wn.com/Lou_Criger -
Lou Gorman
James G. "Lou" Gorman (born February 18, 1929) is an American baseball executive, and the former general manager of the Boston Red Sox and Seattle Mariners of Major League Baseball. Currently, he serves as the Red Sox' executive consultant for public affairs with an emphasis on community projects. He also is the coordinator of the Boston Red Sox Hall of Fame, to which he was inducted in 2002. He was inducted in the Kinston Professional Baseball Hall of Fame in 1985.
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Luis Alicea
http://wn.com/Luis_Alicea -
Luis Aparicio
http://wn.com/Luis_Aparicio -
Luis Tiant
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Manny Delcarmen
Manuel "Manny" Delcarmen (born February 16, 1982, in Boston, Massachusetts) is a relief pitcher of Dominican descent in Major League Baseball who plays for the Colorado Rockies. He has been called "The Pride of Hyde Park".
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Manny Ramirez
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Manny Ramírez
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Mariano Rivera
Mariano Rivera (born November 29, 1969) is a right-handed baseball pitcher who has spent his entire Major League Baseball (MLB) career with the New York Yankees. Nicknamed "Mo", Rivera has served as a relief pitcher for most of his career, and since 1997, he has been the Yankees' closer. His presence in the late innings of games to record the final outs has played an instrumental role in the Yankees' success, particularly the team's late 1990s dynasty. He has won five World Series championships as a Yankee.
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Mark Bellhorn
Mark Christian Bellhorn (born August 23, 1974 in Boston, Massachusetts) is a Major League Baseball second baseman who is currently a free agent. He is a switch-hitter and throws right-handed. He stands 6-1 and weighs 205 lbs.
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Mark Clear
Mark Alan Clear (born May 27, 1956 in Los Angeles, California) is a former Major League Baseball relief pitcher who played for the California Angels (1979-80, 1990), Boston Red Sox (1981-85) and Milwaukee Brewers (1986-88). He batted and threw right-handed.
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Mark Loretta
Mark David Loretta (born August 14, 1971 in Santa Monica, California) is a former Major League Baseball infielder. Loretta played for the Milwaukee Brewers (-), Houston Astros (, -), San Diego Padres (-), Boston Red Sox () and Los Angeles Dodgers (). He batted and threw right-handed.
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Mark McGwire
Mark McGwire (born October 1, 1963), nicknamed "Big Mac", is a former Major League Baseball player who played his major league career with the Oakland Athletics and the St. Louis Cardinals. He replaced Hal McRae as the for the St. Louis Cardinals for 2010.
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Mark Melancon
Mark David Melancon (born March 28, 1985, in Wheat Ridge, Colorado) is a Major League Baseball relief pitcher for the Houston Astros.
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Marty McManus
Martin Joseph "Marty" McManus (March 14, 1900–February 18, 1966) was a Major League Baseball infielder who played principally as a second baseman (927 games) and third baseman (725 games).
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Mary Lou Retton
Mary Lou Retton (born January 24, 1968) is an American gymnast and Olympic gold medalist. She was the first female gymnast from outside Eastern Europe to win the Olympic all-around title.
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Matt Albers
Matthew James Albers (born January 20, 1983, in Houston, Texas) is a Major League Baseball relief pitcher with the Baltimore Orioles.
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Matt Murton
Matthew Henry Murton (born October 3, 1981, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida) is an outfielder for the Hanshin Tigers of Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan.
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Mel Parnell
Melvin Lloyd Parnell (born June 13, 1922 in New Orleans, Louisiana) is a former Major League Baseball left-handed starting pitcher.
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Michael Jordan
Michael Jeffrey Jordan (born February 17, 1963) is a former American professional basketball player, active businessman, and majority owner of the Charlotte Bobcats. His biography on the National Basketball Association (NBA) website states, "By acclamation, Michael Jordan is the greatest basketball player of all time." Jordan was one of the most effectively marketed athletes of his generation and was instrumental in popularizing the NBA around the world in the 1980s and 1990s.
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Michael Phelps
Swimmer
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Mike Avilés
http://wn.com/Mike_Avilés -
Mike Cameron
Michael Terrance Cameron (born January 8, 1973, in LaGrange, Georgia) is an outfielder for the Boston Red Sox.
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Mike Greenwell
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Mike Krzyzewski
Michael William "Mike" Krzyzewski (; ; born February 13, 1947) is the men's college basketball coach of the Duke Blue Devils. He is also the coach of the United States men's national basketball team, whom he led to a gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2010 FIBA World Championship.
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Mike Lowell
Michael Averett Lowell (born February 24, 1974) is a former Major League Baseball player for the Boston Red Sox. He is a right-handed batter, and previously played with the Florida Marlins (–).
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Mike McNally
Michael Joseph McNally [Minooka Mike] (September 13, 1893 - May 29, 1965) was a reserve infielder in Major League Baseball who played for three different teams between and . Listed at 5' 11", 150 lb., McNally batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Minooka, Pennsylvania.
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Mike Port
Michael D. Port (born July 24, 1945 in Fallbrook, California) is an American professional baseball executive. He is vice president, umpiring for Major League Baseball and a former front-office executive for three MLB clubs. He was the general manager of the California Angels from September 1984 through 1991 and acting GM of the Boston Red Sox from February through November of 2002.
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Mike Timlin
Michael August Timlin () (born March 10, 1966, in Midland, Texas) is a former relief pitcher in Major League Baseball.
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Mo Vaughn
'''Maurice Samuel 'Mo' Vaughn''' (born December 15, 1967 in Norwalk, Connecticut), nicknamed "Hit Dog", is a former Major League Baseball first baseman. He played from 1991 to 2003. Vaughn was a three-time All-Star selection and won the American League MVP award in .
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Mookie Wilson
William Hayward "Mookie" Wilson (born February 9, 1956) is a former Major League Baseball center fielder who played with the New York Mets (1980–89) and Toronto Blue Jays (1989–91). He was a switch hitter, known for his impressive speed and positive attitude. Fans would frequently chant "Mooooo-kie" in appreciation of him. He remains regarded with special affection by Jays and Mets fans.
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Muddy Ruel
Herold Dominic "Muddy" Ruel (February 20, 1896 - November 13, 1963) was an American catcher, coach, manager and general manager in Major League Baseball. He played for 19 seasons with the St. Louis Browns, New York Yankees, Washington Senators, Boston Red Sox, Detroit Tigers, and the Chicago White Sox. Ruel was one of the top defensive catchers of his era, and is best remembered for scoring the winning run for the Washington Senators in Game 7 of the 1924 World Series and, for being the battery-mate of Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher, Walter Johnson.
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Muhammad Ali
MedalCountry|
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Neal Ball
http://wn.com/Neal_Ball -
Ned Martin
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Nick Punto
Nicholas Paul Punto (born November 8, 1977, in San Diego, California) is a Major League Baseball utility player for the Minnesota Twins. He has played second base, third base, shortstop, and center field. Punto is a switch hitter and throws right-handed.
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Nomar Garciaparra
Anthony Nomar Garciaparra (; born July 23, 1973, in ) is a former Major League Baseball player. After playing a decade as an All-Star shortstop for the Boston Red Sox, he played third base, first base, and designated hitter for the Oakland Athletics, first base and third base for the Los Angeles Dodgers, and shortstop and third base for the Chicago Cubs. He is one of 13 players in Major League history to hit two grand slams during a single game, and the only player to achieve the feat at home.
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Norwood Gibson
Norwood Ringold Gibson [Gibby] (March 11, 1877 - July 7, 1959) was a starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who played his entire career for the Boston Americans between and . Listed at 5' 10", 165 lb., Gibson batted and threw right-handed. A native of Peoria, Illinois, he was signed by Boston out of the University of Notre Dame.
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Olaf Henriksen
http://wn.com/Olaf_Henriksen -
Orel Hershiser
Orel Leonard Hershiser IV (born September 16, 1958 in Buffalo, New York) is a former right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball. He is currently an analyst for Baseball Tonight and Sunday Night Baseball on ESPN and a professional poker player for [http://www.pokerstars.net/team-pokerstars/friends/ PokerStars]. In 1988, he won the Gold Glove, Cy Young Award, the NLCS MVP and the World Series MVP with the Dodgers.
http://wn.com/Orel_Hershiser -
Orlando Cabrera
Orlando Luis Cabrera, nicknamed "O-Cab" and "The OC", (born November 2, 1974) is a Major League Baseball shortstop who is currently playing for the Cincinnati Reds. He bats and throws right-handed. He won a World Series championship in 2004 with the Boston Red Sox. He has also played for the Montreal Expos, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, Chicago White Sox, Oakland Athletics, and Minnesota Twins. Cabrera is the younger brother of Jolbert Cabrera. At his stature of 5' 9" and 185 pounds, Orlando Cabrera is a skilled contact hitter and base stealer.
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Orlando Cepeda
Orlando Manuel Cepeda Pennes (born September 17, 1937) is a former Major League Baseball first baseman.
http://wn.com/Orlando_Cepeda -
Pat Summitt
MedalCountry|
http://wn.com/Pat_Summitt -
Patsy Donovan
http://wn.com/Patsy_Donovan -
Patsy Dougherty
Patrick Henry Dougherty (October 27, 1876 - April 30, 1940) was a Major League baseball outfielder. Dougherty was born in Andover, New York.
http://wn.com/Patsy_Dougherty -
Patty Sheehan
Patty Sheehan (born October 27, 1956) is an American professional golfer. She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1980 and won six major championships and 35 LPGA Tour events in all. She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
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Pedro Martínez
http://wn.com/Pedro_Martínez -
Pete Rose
Peter Edward Rose (born April 14, 1941) is a former Major League Baseball player and manager. Rose played from 1963 to 1986, and managed from 1984 to 1989.
http://wn.com/Pete_Rose -
Pete Rozelle
Alvin Ray "Pete" Rozelle (March 1, 1926 – December 6, 1996) was the commissioner of the National Football League (NFL) from January 1960 to November 1989, when he retired from office. Rozelle is credited with making the NFL into one of the most successful sports leagues in the world.
http://wn.com/Pete_Rozelle -
Pete Runnels
http://wn.com/Pete_Runnels -
Pinch Thomas
Chester David Thomas (January 24, 1888 - December 24, 1953) was a backup catcher in Major League Baseball who played from 1912 through 1921 for the Boston Red Sox (1912-17) and Cleveland Indians (1918-21). Listed at 5' 9.5", 173 lb., Thomas batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was born in Camp Point, Illinois.
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Pinky Higgins
Michael Franklin "Pinky" Higgins (May 27, 1909 - March 21, 1969) was an American third baseman, manager, front office executive and scout in Major League Baseball who played for three teams and served as manager or general manager of the Boston Red Sox during the period of through . He batted and threw right-handed.
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Pokey Reese
Calvin "Pokey" Reese, Jr. (born June 10, 1973 in Columbia, South Carolina), is a former Major League Baseball infielder and two-time NL Gold Glove Award winner. Reese has played with the Cincinnati Reds (-), Pittsburgh Pirates (-), and Boston Red Sox (). He bats and throws right-handed.
http://wn.com/Pokey_Reese -
Pumpsie Green
Elijah Jerry Green (born October 27, 1933 in Oakland, California) is a former Major League Baseball backup infielder who played with the Boston Red Sox (1959-62) and New York Mets (1963). He was a switch-hitter who threw right-handed.
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Ralph Houk
http://wn.com/Ralph_Houk -
Ramiro Mendoza
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Randy Johnson
Randall David Johnson (born September 10, 1963), nicknamed "The Big Unit", is a former left-handed Major League Baseball starting pitcher. Over a 22-year career, Johnson played for six different teams.
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Randy Niemann
Randal Harold Niemann (born November 15, 1955 in Scotia, California) is the current bullpen coach for the New York Mets and was a Major League Baseball pitcher from 1979 to 1987 for the Houston Astros, Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago White Sox, New York Mets, and Minnesota Twins. Niemann was a southpaw pitcher who worked mostly in relief.
http://wn.com/Randy_Niemann -
Rawly Eastwick
Rawlins Jackson (Rawly) Eastwick (born October 24, 1950 in Camden, New Jersey) is a former Major League Baseball relief pitcher who played from 1975 to 1981.
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Ray Caldwell
Raymond Benjamin Caldwell, (April 26, 1888 – August 17, 1967), was an American major league pitcher from 1910 to 1921. He was known for throwing the spitball, and he was one of the seventeen pitchers allowed to continue throwing the pitch after it was outlawed in 1920.
http://wn.com/Ray_Caldwell -
Red Ruffing
Charles Herbert "Red" Ruffing (May 3, 1905 - February 17, 1986) was a Major League Baseball pitcher most remembered for his time with the highly successful New York Yankees teams of the 1930s and 1940s. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1967.
http://wn.com/Red_Ruffing -
Reggie Jackson
Reginald Martinez "Reggie" Jackson (born May 18, 1946), nicknamed "Mr. October" for his clutch hitting in the postseason, is a former American Major League Baseball right fielder who played for four different teams (twice for Oakland / Kansas City) from 1967 to 1987 and currently serves as a special advisor to the New York Yankees. Jackson helped win three consecutive World Series titles as a member of the Oakland A's in the early 1970s and also helped win two consecutive titles with the New York Yankees. He was inducted into the Hall of Fame in 1993.
http://wn.com/Reggie_Jackson -
Rick Burleson
Richard Paul Burleson (born April 29, 1951) is a former Major League Baseball shortstop. "Rooster," as he was nicknamed was a famously intense ballplayer. Former Boston Red Sox teammate Bill Lee once said of Burleson, "Some guys didn't like to lose, but Rick got angry if the score was even tied."
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Rickey Henderson
Rickey Henley Henderson (born Rickey Nelson Henley, December 25, 1958 in Chicago, Illinois) is a former Major League Baseball left fielder who played for nine teams from 1979 to 2003, including four stints with his original team, the Oakland Athletics. Nicknamed The Man of Steal, he is widely regarded as the sport's greatest leadoff hitter and baserunner. He holds the major league records for career stolen bases, runs scored, unintentional walks and leadoff home runs. At the time of his last major league game in 2003, the ten-time American League (AL) All-Star ranked among the sport's top 100 all-time home run hitters and was its all-time leader in bases on balls. In 2009, he was inducted to the Baseball Hall of Fame.
http://wn.com/Rickey_Henderson -
Rip Collins
Harry Warren (Rip) Collins (February 26, 1896 - May 27, 1968) was a starting pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the New York Yankees (1920-21), Boston Red Sox (1922), Detroit Tigers (1923-27) and St. Louis Browns (1929-31). Collins batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Weatherford, Texas.
http://wn.com/Rip_Collins -
Roger Bannister
Sir Roger Gilbert Bannister, CBE (born 23 March, 1929) is an English former athlete best known for running the first recorded mile in less than 4 minutes. Bannister became a distinguished neurologist and Master of Pembroke College, Oxford, before retiring in 2001.
http://wn.com/Roger_Bannister -
Roger Clemens
William Roger Clemens, nicknamed "Rocket" (born August 4, 1962) is a former Major League Baseball pitcher. Clemens won seven Cy Young Awards, more than any other player . He played for 13 consecutive seasons for the Boston Red Sox, spanning more than half of his career. In , he signed with the Toronto Blue Jays. In each of his two seasons with the Blue Jays Clemens won the pitching triple crown (leading the league in wins, ERA, and strikeouts) and a Cy Young Award.
http://wn.com/Roger_Clemens -
Roger Peckinpaugh
http://wn.com/Roger_Peckinpaugh -
Ron Jackson
Ronnie Jackson (born May 9, 1953 in Birmingham, Alabama) is a coach and a former player in Major League Baseball. He was a hitting coach for the Boston Red Sox from 2003-2006. He now is a hitting coach for a minor league team for the Houston Astros.
http://wn.com/Ron_Jackson -
Rory Sparrow
Rory Darnell Sparrow (born June 12, 1958, in Suffolk, Virginia) is a retired American professional basketball player in the NBA.
http://wn.com/Rory_Sparrow -
Roxy Walters
Alfred John Walters (November 5, 1892 - June 3, 1956) born in San Francisco, California was a catcher in Major League Baseball for the New York Yankees (1915-18), Boston Red Sox (1919-23) and Cleveland Indians (1924-25).
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Rudy York
http://wn.com/Rudy_York -
Ryan Sweeney
Ryan Joseph Sweeney (born February 20, 1985, in Cedar Rapids, Iowa) is a Major League Baseball outfielder for the Oakland Athletics.
http://wn.com/Ryan_Sweeney -
Sad Sam Jones
:This article is about Sam Jones (1892-1966). The baseball player Sam Jones (1925-1971).
http://wn.com/Sad_Sam_Jones -
Sam Agnew
Samuel Lester (Slam) Agnew (April 12, 1887 – July 19, 1951) was a catcher in Major League Baseball. From 1913 through 1919, he played for the St. Louis Browns (1913-15), Boston Red Sox (1916-18) and Washington Senators (1919). Agnew batted and threw right-handed. He was born in Farmington, Missouri.
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Sammy Sosa
Samuel Peralta "Sammy" Sosa (born November 12, 1968) is a retired Major League Baseball right fielder.
http://wn.com/Sammy_Sosa -
Sandy Koufax
Sanford "Sandy" Koufax () (born Sanford Braun, on December 30, 1935) is an American left-handed former pitcher in Major League Baseball who played his entire career for the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers, from to . He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1972, the youngest former player to receive that honor.
http://wn.com/Sandy_Koufax -
Scott Atchison
Scott Barham Atchison (born March 29, 1976 in Denton, Texas) is a Major League Baseball relief pitcher for the Boston Red Sox. He graduated from McCullough High School in The Woodlands, TX and received his degree in general studies from Texas Christian University.
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Scott Podsednik
Scott Eric Podsednik (; born March 18, 1976 in West, Texas) is a Major League Baseball left fielder for the Los Angeles Dodgers. Podsednik led the major leagues in stolen bases in with 70.
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Sean Rodriguez
Sean John Rodriguez (born April 26, 1985 in ) is a Cuban American Major League Baseball second baseman for the Tampa Bay Rays organization.
http://wn.com/Sean_Rodriguez -
Shano Collins
John Francis "Shano" Collins (December 4, 1885 - September 10, 1955) was an American right fielder and first baseman in Major League Baseball for the Chicago White Sox and Boston Red Sox. In 1910, he played first base for the White Sox, but he was quickly moved to right field, where he would enjoy a reputation for having one of the strongest throwing arms in baseball. He won a World Series with the Sox in 1917, delivering the game-winning hit in the pennant-clinching game. He batted .286 (6 for 21) in the 1917 World Series, going 3-for-4 in Game 1. In 1918, he set a record with three bases-loaded triples in one game, which would stand alone for 31 years until Elmer Valo tied the mark in 1949. In 1921, he was traded to the Red Sox, with whom he finished his career. In 1930, he was named manager of the Red Sox, but he only won a total of 73 games in parts of two seasons. He was fired after 55 games in 1931.
http://wn.com/Shano_Collins -
Slim Love
Edward Haughton "Slim" Love (August 1, 1890 - November 30, 1942) was a Major League Baseball pitcher who played 6 seasons in the Major Leagues for the Washington Senators (1913), the New York Yankees (1916-1918), and Detroit Tigers (1919-1920). Born in Love, Mississippi, Slim's nickname arose from his large, lean frame, at 6' 7" and 195 pounds.
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Smoky Joe Wood
Howard Ellsworth "Smoky Joe" Wood (October 25, 1889 - July 27, 1985) was a Major League Baseball pitcher for the Boston Red Sox and an outfielder for the Cleveland Indians during the early part of the 20th century. He is one of only 13 pitchers who won 30 or more games in one season (34-5 in 1912) since 1900.
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Snodgrass’s Muff
http://wn.com/Snodgrass’s_Muff -
Stan Musial
Stanley Frank "Stan" Musial ( or ; born November 21, 1920) is a retired Polish-American professional baseball player who was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1969. Nicknamed "Stan the Man", Musial played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals from 1941 to 1963. A 24-time All-Star selection, Musial accumulated 3,630 hits and 475 home runs during his career, was named the National League's (NL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) three times, and was a member of three World Series championship teams.
http://wn.com/Stan_Musial -
Steve Cauthen
Steve Cauthen (born May 1, 1960 in Covington, Kentucky) is a retired American jockey.
http://wn.com/Steve_Cauthen -
Steve Yerkes
http://wn.com/Steve_Yerkes -
Stuffy McInnis
John Phalen "Stuffy" McInnis (September 19, 1890 - February 16, 1960) was a first baseman and manager in Major League Baseball.
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Sugar Ray Leonard
http://wn.com/Sugar_Ray_Leonard -
Ted Williams
Theodore Samuel Williams (August 30, 1918 – July 5, 2002) was an American left fielder in Major League Baseball. He played 21 seasons with the Boston Red Sox, twice interrupted by military service as a Marine Corps pilot. Nicknamed The Kid, the Splendid Splinter, Teddy Ballgame, and The Thumper, he is widely considered one of the greatest hitters ever.
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Terry Baker
For the Canadian football player of the same name see Terry Baker (Canadian football).
http://wn.com/Terry_Baker -
Terry Bradshaw
Terry Paxton Bradshaw (born September 2, 1948) is a former American football quarterback with the Pittsburgh Steelers in the National Football League (NFL). He played 14 seasons. He is a football analyst and co-host of Fox NFL Sunday. In a six-year span, he won four Super Bowl titles with Pittsburgh (1974, 1975, 1978 and 1979), becoming the first quarterback to do so, and led the Steelers to eight AFC Central championships. He was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1989, his first year of eligibility.
http://wn.com/Terry_Bradshaw -
Terry Francona
Terry Jon Francona (born April 22, 1959 in Aberdeen, South Dakota), nicknamed "Tito," is a Major League Baseball manager. Francona has been the manager of the Boston Red Sox, of the American League since 2004.
http://wn.com/Terry_Francona -
Theo Epstein
Theo Nathan Epstein (born December 29, 1973 in New York City) is the Executive Vice President/General Manager of the Boston Red Sox. On November 25, 2002, the Red Sox made him the youngest GM in the history of Major League Baseball by hiring him at the age of 28. In 2004, he was general manager of the club that won the first World Series championship by the Red Sox in 86 years and was in the position when the team won a second in the 2007 season. Epstein resigned in October 2005, but was rehired as GM and Executive Vice President on January 24, 2006.
http://wn.com/Theo_Epstein -
Tiger Woods
Eldrick Tont "Tiger" Woods (born December 30, 1975) is an American professional golfer whose achievements to date rank him among the most successful golfers of all time. Currently the World No. 1, he is the highest-paid professional athlete in the world, having earned an estimated $90.5 million from winnings and endorsements in 2010.
http://wn.com/Tiger_Woods -
Tilly Walker
Clarence William "Tilly" Walker (September 4, 1887 - September 20, 1959) was an American left and center fielder in Major League Baseball from 1911-1923. Born in Telford, Tennessee, Walker hit .281, and he was one of the first power hitters, slugging 17 home runs in 1920, 23 in 1921, and 37 (with a .549 slugging percentage and a .283 batting average) in 1922. For a time he was among the top ten lifetime home run leaders. He died at age 72 in Unicoi, Tennessee.
http://wn.com/Tilly_Walker -
Tim Bogar
Timothy Paul Bogar (born October 28, 1966 in Indianapolis, Indiana) is a former Major League Baseball infielder. Currently, Bogar is the third base coach for the Boston Red Sox.
http://wn.com/Tim_Bogar -
Tim Duncan
Timothy "Tim" Theodore Duncan (born April 25, 1976) is a Virgin Islander American professional basketball player for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The 6-foot 11-inch (2.11 m), 260-pound (118 kg) power forward/center is a four-time NBA champion, a three-time NBA Finals Most Valuable Player, and the current captain of the Spurs. He has also won the NBA Rookie of the Year, NBA Most Valuable Player Award twice, and has been voted into 12 NBA All-Star Games, 13 All-NBA Teams, and 13 All-Defensive Teams.
http://wn.com/Tim_Duncan -
Tim Wakefield
Timothy Noah Wakefield (born August 2, 1966 in Melbourne, Florida) is a right-handed knuckleball pitcher in Major League Baseball who has played with the Boston Red Sox since 1995, making him the longest-serving member of the team.
http://wn.com/Tim_Wakefield -
Tito Francona
John Patsy (Tito) Francona (born November 4, 1933, in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania) is a former outfielder/first baseman in professional baseball. He is the father of current Boston Red Sox manager Terry Francona.
http://wn.com/Tito_Francona -
Tom Brady
Thomas Edward "Tom" Brady, Jr. (born August 3, 1977) is an American football quarterback for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). After playing college football at Michigan, Brady was drafted by the Patriots in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft.
http://wn.com/Tom_Brady -
Tom Seaver
George Thomas "Tom" Seaver (born November 17, 1944) is a former Major League Baseball pitcher who played in the major leagues from 1967 to 1986. He played for four different teams in his career, but is noted primarily for his time with the New York Mets. "Tom Terrific" had 311 wins, 3,640 strikeouts and a 2.86 earned run average during a 20-year career. In , he was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame by the highest percentage ever recorded (98.8%), and has the only plaque at Cooperstown wearing a New York Mets hat. As of 2010, Seaver is also the only Met player to have his jersey number retired by the team.
http://wn.com/Tom_Seaver -
Tom Werner
Thomas Charles "Tom" Werner (born April 12, 1950 in New York City, New York) is the Chairman of the Boston Red Sox, as well as an American television producer and businessman.
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Tom Yawkey
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Tony Conigliaro
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Tris Speaker
http://wn.com/Tris_Speaker -
Troy O'Leary
'''Troy Franklin O'Leary''' (born August 4, 1969 in Compton, California) is a former left fielder in Major League Baseball who played with the Milwaukee Brewers (-), Boston Red Sox (-), Montreal Expos () and Chicago Cubs () and also in the Australian Baseball League for the Daikyo Dolphins. He batted and threw left-handed.
http://wn.com/Troy_O'Leary -
Vicente Padilla
Vicente de la Cruz Padilla (born September 27, 1977, in Chinandega, Nicaragua) is a Major League Baseball pitcher for the Los Angeles Dodgers. Padilla previously pitched for the Arizona Diamondbacks, Philadelphia Phillies, and Texas Rangers. He is well known for being one of the few modern day pitchers to make use of the eephus pitch, which he has been seen to throw as slow as 50 mph in-game. The pitch has earned the nickname of "soap bubble" by Dodgers fans and longtime announcer Vin Scully.
http://wn.com/Vicente_Padilla -
Vida Blue
Vida Rochelle Blue Jr. (born July 28, 1949) is a former Major League Baseball left-handed starting pitcher. In a 17-year career, he played for the Oakland Athletics, San Francisco Giants, and Kansas City Royals.
http://wn.com/Vida_Blue -
Vladimir Guerrero
http://wn.com/Vladimir_Guerrero -
Wade Boggs
Wade Anthony Boggs (born June 15, 1958) is a former third baseman in Major League Baseball, primarily with the Boston Red Sox. His hitting in the 1980s and 1990s made him a perennial contender for American League batting titles, in much the same way as his National League contemporary Tony Gwynn. Boggs was elected to the Red Sox Hall of Fame in 2004 and the Baseball Hall of Fame in 2005. With 12 straight All-Star appearances, Boggs is third only to Brooks Robinson and George Brett in number of consecutive appearances as a third baseman. His finest season was 1987, when he set career highs in home runs (24), RBI (89), and slugging percentage (.588). He also batted .363 and had a .461 on-base percentage that year, leading the league in both statistics. In 1999, he ranked number 95 on the Sporting News list of the 100 Greatest Baseball Players, and was a nominee for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team.
http://wn.com/Wade_Boggs -
Wally Schang
Walter Henry (Wally) Schang (August 22, 1889 - March 6, 1965) was a catcher in Major League Baseball. From 1913 through 1931, he played for the Philadelphia Athletics (1913-1917, 1930), Boston Red Sox (1918-1920), New York Yankees (1921-1925), St. Louis Browns (1926-1929) and Detroit Tigers (1931). Schang was a switch-hitter and threw right-handed. He was born in South Wales, New York.
http://wn.com/Wally_Schang -
Wayne Gretzky
http://wn.com/Wayne_Gretzky -
Willie Mays
William Howard "Willie" Mays, Jr. (born May 6, 1931) is a former American baseball player who played the majority of his career with the New York and San Francisco Giants before finishing with the New York Mets. Nicknamed The Say Hey Kid, Mays was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1979, his first year of eligibility. Many consider him to be the greatest all-around player of all time.
http://wn.com/Willie_Mays -
Willie Stargell
Wilver Dornell "Willie" Stargell (March 6, 1940 – April 9, 2001), nicknamed "Pops" in the later years of his career, was a professional baseball player who played his entire Major League career (1962-1982) with the Pittsburgh Pirates as an outfielder and first baseman. Over his 21-year career with the Pirates, he batted .282, with 2,232 hits, 423 doubles, 475 home runs and 1540 runs batted in, helping his team capture six National League East division titles, two National League pennants and two World Series (1971, 1979).
http://wn.com/Willie_Stargell -
Éric Gagné
http://wn.com/Éric_Gagné -
Érik Bédard
http://wn.com/Érik_Bédard
RELEASE
ALBUMS
- I Had a Good Time
- Higher Power
- More Than a Feeling
- Peace of Mind
- Don't Look Back
- I Need Your Love
- Cool the Engines
- Party
- Feeling Satisfied
- Foreplay / Long Time
- Amanda
- Rock & Roll Band
- Smokin'
- A Man I'll Never Be
- The Star Spangled Banner / 4th of July Reprise
- Don't Look Back
- The Journey
- It's Easy
- A Man I'll Never Be
- Feelin' Satisfied
- Party
- Used to Bad News
- Don't Be Afraid
- More Than a Feeling
- Rock & Roll Band
- The Journey
- It's Easy
- A Man I'll Never Be
- Smokin'
- Hitch a Ride
- Something About You
- Party
- Don't Be Afraid
- More Than a Feeling
- Rock & Roll Band
- The Journey
- It's Easy
- A Man I'll Never Be
- Smokin'
- Hitch a Ride
- Something About You
- Party
- Don't Be Afraid
- I Need Your Love
- Surrender to Me
- Livin' for You
- Walkin' at Night
- Walk On
- Get Organ-ized
- Walk On (Some More)
- What's Your Name
- Magdalene
- We Can Make It
- Rock & Roll Band
- Help Me (Shattered Images)
- More Than a Feeling
- Something About You
- A Man I'll Never Be
- Smokin'
- Peace of Mind
- Foreplay / Long Time
- Television Politician
- Amanda
- We're Ready
- The Launch
- Cool the Engines
- My Destination
- A New World
- To Be a Man
- I Think I Like It
- Can'tcha Say (You Believe in Me) / Still in Love
- Hollyann
- Rock and Roll Band
- Life Isn't Easy (Something About You)
- More Than a Feeling
- Don't Be Afraid of Love
- Peace of Mind
- San Francisco Day (Hitch a Ride)
- Rock and Roll Band
- Shattered Images
- More Than a Feeling
- Drum & Guitar Solos
- Peace of Mind
- Something About You
- A Man I'll Never Be
- Smokin'
- Blues Intro
- This Time / Slow Blues
- Foreplay / Long Time
- Television Politician
- Rock and Roll Band
- Help Me (Shattered Images)
- Peace of Mind
- Something About You
- A Man I'll Never Be
- Smokin'
- Foreplay
- Long Time
- Don't Be Afraid of Love
- More Than a Feeling
- Television Politician
- Rock and Roll Band
- Help Me Get It Out of My Mind
- More Than a Feeling
- A Man I'll Never Be
- Smokin'
- I Tried to Forget
- Long Time
- Television Politician
- Love
- Help Me to Forget Her Name
- San Francisco Bay
- Smokin'
- Talkin' to the Wall
- Rock 'n' Roll Band
- Life Isn't Easy
- More Than a Feeling
- Don't Be Afraid of Love
- Peace of Mind
- San Francisco Bay
- Hard Luck
- Nothin' to Lose
- What to Do
- Mean Woman Blues
- Leavin' Tonight
- Dreams
- What We Make It
- Sailin' Away
- Cold Cold World
- Star Spangled Banner
- Rock & Roll Band
- Peace of Mind
- Interlude / Long Time
- Don't Look Back
- The Journey
- Blues a la Boston
- More Than a Feeling
- Tom Scholz on Guitar
- Brad Delp Speaks
- Livin' for You
- Cool the Engines
- Surrender to Me
- Hollyann
- Brad Delp Speaks Again
- Higher Power
- Tell Me
- Amanda
- The Launch
- Love
- Help Me to Forget Her Name
- San Francisco Bay
- Smokin'
- Talkin' to the Wall
- Rock 'n' Roll Band
- Life Isn't Easy
- More Than a Feeling
- Don't Be Afraid of Love
- Peace of Mind
- San Francisco Bay (Gonna Hitch a Ride)
- Hard Luck
- Nothin' to Lose
- What to Do
- Mean Woman Blues
- Leavin' Tonight
- Dreams
- What We Make it
- Sailin' Away
- Cold Cold World
- Foreplay
- She's a Looker
- I Had a Good Time
- Stare Out Your Window
- Corporate America
- With You
- Someone
- Turn It Off
- Cryin'
- Didn't Mean to Fall in Love
- You Gave Up on Love
- Livin' for You (live)
- Peace of Mind
- More Than a Feelin'
- Amanda
- Rock & Roll Band
- Help Me
- More Than a Feeling
- It's Easy
- A Man I'll Never Be
- Smokin'
- Peace of Mind
- Foreplay
- Long Time
- More Than a Feeling
- Peace of Mind
- Foreplay / Long Time
- Rock & Roll Band
- Smokin'
- Hitch a Ride
- Something About You
- Let Me Take You Home Tonight
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Boston Red Sox - Greatest Sports Franchises
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:16
- Published: 14 Jul 2011
- Updated: 20 Oct 2012
This team emerged victorious from one of the longest droughts in baseball history. www.WatchMojo.com continues our series on the Greatest Sports Franchises of All Time with a look at the Boston Red Sox.
http://wn.com/Boston_Red_Sox_Greatest_Sports_Franchises
The 2011 Boston Red Sox EPIC September Collapse (Watch it unfold in chronological order)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:24
- Published: 30 Sep 2011
- Updated: 23 Oct 2012
Unprecedented, Unrivaled, but certainly not Underwhelming. The Boston Red Sox showed their true colors loud and proud, yet again. Nothing has changed because of 2004. Absolutely nothing. Something as EPIC, timely and almost biblical like this could only happen to the Chowds. Welcome back to reality. - Music: Wake Me Up When September Ends - Green Day & Sweet Caroline(The Sox theme song) - Neil Diamond Check out my new site: www.ScenesFromFenway.com
http://wn.com/The_2011_Boston_Red_Sox_EPIC_September_Collapse_Watch_it_unfold_in_chronological_order
Red Sox Hire John Farrell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:16
- Published: 21 Oct 2012
- Updated: 22 Oct 2012
ESPNBoston.com's Joe McDonald on the Red Sox hiring John Farrell as their next manager.
http://wn.com/Red_Sox_Hire_John_Farrell
Farrell Introduced As New Red Sox Manager
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:40
- Published: 23 Oct 2012
- Updated: 24 Oct 2012
The Boston Red Sox introduced John Farrell as their new manager Tuesday. Farrell spoke at a news conference two days after the team announced it had reached an agreement with the Toronto Blue Jays to acquire their former pitching coach. (Oct. 23)
http://wn.com/Farrell_Introduced_As_New_Red_Sox_Manager
Red Sox and ItGetsBetter.org
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:00
- Published: 21 Jul 2011
- Updated: 12 Sep 2012
The Red Sox have joined the "It Gets Better Project" and "The Trevor Project" to inspire hope for young people who may be struggling
http://wn.com/Red_Sox_and_ItGetsBetterorg
MLB 2K12: New York Yankees vs. Boston Red Sox - Viewer Request
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 19:44
- Published: 09 Mar 2012
- Updated: 23 Oct 2012
Here we go with the first viewer request game. Remember if you want to see a game put something in the comments below. If you see a game that you want on YouTube go ahead and thumbs up that comment! EVERYONE likes to see the Boston Red Sox and the Yankees square off and that is something that actually gets requested more than anything. Last time I played as the Yankees so this time I will play as the Red Sox. Should be a good game. Thanks for watching!
http://wn.com/MLB_2K12_New_York_Yankees_vs_Boston_Red_Sox_Viewer_Request
MLB 2K12: Opening Day 2012 - Boston Red Sox vs Detroit Tigers - Franchise Mode
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:53
- Published: 05 Apr 2012
- Updated: 21 Oct 2012
IT IS OPENING DAY! ARE YOU EXCITED!!! (I am if you can't tell) The Bo Sox come into my house for opening day. The Red Sox were the best hitting team in 2011 and with my hitting drought I hope that I don't lose 3 games in a row. Will that happen? You will have to watch to find out. Thanks for watching!
http://wn.com/MLB_2K12_Opening_Day_2012_Boston_Red_Sox_vs_Detroit_Tigers_Franchise_Mode
Boston Red Sox D-Bag Fan
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:56
- Published: 31 Aug 2011
- Updated: 16 Oct 2012
Watch this Red Sox fan every time he realizes he's on camera during the Yankees-Red Sox game August 30, 2011.
http://wn.com/Boston_Red_Sox_D-Bag_Fan
30 Teams|30 Wins: Boston Red Sox
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 15:50
- Published: 26 Aug 2012
- Updated: 21 Oct 2012
I realized I said Alex instead of Adrian... my bad. At 6:30 in the morning and with no sleep, I am bound to make mistakes. Also I don't talk about the trade because if someone watches this in 6 months the trade won't matter.
http://wn.com/30_Teams|30_Wins_Boston_Red_Sox
MLB 2K12: Detroit Tigers vs. Boston Red Sox - Franchise Mode
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 15:30
- Published: 05 Jun 2012
- Updated: 24 Sep 2012
Back to a baseball video which is nice. Wanted to make sure that I had the baseball commentary down since I am a little rusty. Played a few games of MLB and I was doing... well.. terrible. Here is one of those games out of what you had seen earlier.
http://wn.com/MLB_2K12_Detroit_Tigers_vs_Boston_Red_Sox_Franchise_Mode
MLB 2K12: Boston Red Sox vs. Detroit Tigers - Franchise Mode
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 18:38
- Published: 26 Aug 2012
- Updated: 29 Sep 2012
Jose Vinicio, SS, Boston Red Sox
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:46
- Published: 15 Sep 2012
- Updated: 16 Sep 2012
For more on Boston Red Sox Jose Vinicio and the game's best baseball prospects, read Mike Newman at Fangraphs.com, and follow twitter.com
http://wn.com/Jose_Vinicio,_SS,_Boston_Red_Sox
MLB 12: The Show :: Boston Red Sox Franchise Ep. 5
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:33
- Published: 13 Sep 2012
- Updated: 08 Oct 2012
Episode 5, Game + I need your comments/Opinions! Be sure to follow me on twitter to get the latest updates for my videos and other random things! twitter.com Subscribe to me on twitch.tv for whenever I do live streams. www.twitch.tv For videos of me in real life, check out my Real Life channel, www.youtube.com . However, some of the videos I post on there also go on my main channel as well a lot of times. Still, subscribe to it! Check out the playlists on my channel to check out all of my MLB 12 The Show series I've done, and for past episodes in this series you may have missed. Check out www.youtube.com for RTTS videos. He deserves it since he's the person who started me out with YouTube and converted me from a noob to a pro!
http://wn.com/MLB_12_The_Show_Boston_Red_Sox_Franchise_Ep_5
MLB New York Yankees vs Boston Red Sox 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:18
- Published: 07 Jul 2012
- Updated: 17 Oct 2012
Major League Baseball Highlights New York Yankees vs Boston Red Sox 2012 session
http://wn.com/MLB_New_York_Yankees_vs_Boston_Red_Sox_2012
Bobby Valentine Fired From The Boston Red Sox
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:02
- Published: 05 Oct 2012
- Updated: 05 Oct 2012
Bobby V Fired 2012
http://wn.com/Bobby_Valentine_Fired_From_The_Boston_Red_Sox
Lil Wayne Chats To Boston Red Sox & Shows Tattoo On Upper Thigh
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:32
- Published: 16 Jun 2012
- Updated: 17 Oct 2012
Lil Wayne takes a break from shooting the "Lover" music video with PJ Morton to chop it up with a few of the Boston Red Sox players. In the video above, Weezy talks about how he met some of the Red Sox players at their clubhouse on June 13th after their game against Miami Marlins at Marlins Park. Tune also goes to show how much of a fan he is by showing a tattoo of their logo on his upper thigh
http://wn.com/Lil_Wayne_Chats_To_Boston_Red_Sox_Shows_Tattoo_On_Upper_Thigh
★ The Word - Boston Red Sox Blockbuster Trade with LA, Dodgers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:42
- Published: 25 Aug 2012
- Updated: 29 Sep 2012
The Los Angeles Dodgers completed the largest trade in franchise history Saturday, acquiring All-Stars Adrian Gonzalez, Carl Crawford and Josh Beckett in a nine-player trade in which they are taking on more than a quarter of a billion dollars in salary.
http://wn.com/★_The_Word_Boston_Red_Sox_Blockbuster_Trade_with_LA,_Dodgers
A tour inside the home of the Boston Red Sox
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:58
- Published: 18 Aug 2012
- Updated: 24 Sep 2012
CNN's Don Riddell gets a tour inside the home of the Boston Red Sox. For more CNN videos, check out our YouTube channel at www.youtube.com Or visit our site at www.cnn.com
http://wn.com/A_tour_inside_the_home_of_the_Boston_Red_Sox
Boston Red Sox 2004 World Series Champs! Awesome Series! Can They Win Again?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:45
- Published: 15 Dec 2011
- Updated: 23 Oct 2012
Man the Boston Red Sox were on fire that season weren't they! I couldn't believe the streaks that had going on! We made sure that year that we watched the world series to see who won...and I am glad that Boston won! They needed to break their losing streak! I'm hoping that this year they may make it again...and if they do I plan on buying Boston Red Sox Tickets www.acheapseat.com
http://wn.com/Boston_Red_Sox_2004_World_Series_Champs!_Awesome_Series!_Can_They_Win_Again?
Red Sox Trade Adrian Gonzalez to Dodgers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:00
- Published: 24 Aug 2012
- Updated: 12 Oct 2012
Beckett traded to Dodgers. The Boston Red Sox trade Adrian Gonzalez, Josh Beckett, Carl Crawford and Nick Punto to the Los Angeles Dodgers.
http://wn.com/Red_Sox_Trade_Adrian_Gonzalez_to_Dodgers
MLB 2K12: New York Mets vs. Boston Red Sox: My Player - Timmy Timmons: Episode 39
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:18
- Published: 19 Jun 2012
- Updated: 08 Oct 2012
Here we are back with some Timmy Timmons videos. I wanted to let you all know how I was doing and what had occurred since the last video. Thanks for everything you guys!
http://wn.com/MLB_2K12_New_York_Mets_vs_Boston_Red_Sox_My_Player_Timmy_Timmons_Episode_39
FCA Interview with Boston Red Sox Adrian Gonzalez
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:46
- Published: 11 Jun 2012
- Updated: 05 Oct 2012
Boston Red Sox slugger and four-time All-Star Adrian Gonzalez recently sat down with FCA to talk about his faith, Christian influences in his life, and his ultimate goal -- to live for his Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.
http://wn.com/FCA_Interview_with_Boston_Red_Sox_Adrian_Gonzalez
Boston Red Sox Fan Freaks out Dark rant about Josh Beckett & Pink Hats 5/11/2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:10
- Published: 11 May 2012
- Updated: 30 May 2012
I AM BAG HEADS BROTHER AND IM PISSED OFF.....JOSH BECKETT SUCKS Rageinternetradio.com 339-499-1900 My radio show every wed night 9pm EST...lets fucking do this
http://wn.com/Boston_Red_Sox_Fan_Freaks_out_Dark_rant_about_Josh_Beckett_Pink_Hats_5_11_2012
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Photo: AP / Thao Nguyen
22 Oct 2012
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"Red Sox" redirects here. For other uses, see Red Sox (disambiguation).
| Boston Red Sox | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 2012 Boston Red Sox season |
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| Established | 1901 | ||
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| Major league affiliations | |||
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| Retired numbers | 1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 14, 27, 42 | ||
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| Major league titles | |||
| World Series titles (7) | 2007 • 2004 • 1918 • 1916 • 1915 • 1912 • 1903 | ||
| AL Pennants (12) | 2007 • 2004 • 1986 • 1975 • 1967 • 1946 • 1918 • 1916 • 1915 • 1912 • 1904 • 1903 | ||
| East Division titles (6) | 2007 • 1995 • 1990 • 1988 • 1986 • 1975 | ||
| Wild card berths (7) | 2009 • 2008 • 2005 • 2004 • 2003 • 1999 • 1998 | ||
| Front office | |||
| Owner(s) | John Henry, Tom Werner, and Larry Lucchino[2] | ||
| Manager | Bobby Valentine | ||
| General Manager | Ben Cherington | ||
The Boston Red Sox are a professional baseball team based in Boston, Massachusetts, and a member of Major League Baseball’s American League Eastern Division. Founded in 1901 as one of the American League's eight charter franchises, the Red Sox's home ballpark has been Fenway Park since 1912. The "Red Sox" name was chosen by the team owner, John I. Taylor, around 1908, following previous Boston teams that had been known as the "Red Stockings". They have played in eleven World Series, winning seven.
Boston was a dominant team in the new league, defeating the Pittsburgh Pirates in the first World Series in 1903 and winning four more championships by 1918. However, they then went into one of the longest championship droughts in baseball history, called by some the "Curse of the Bambino" after its alleged beginning with the Red Sox's sale of Babe Ruth to the rival Yankees two years after their world championship in 1918, an 86-year wait before the team's sixth World Championship in 2004. However, the team's history during that period was hardly one of futility, but was rather punctuated with some of the most memorable moments in World Series history, including Enos Slaughter's "mad dash" in 1946, the "Impossible Dream" of 1967, Carlton Fisk's home run in 1975, and Bill Buckner's error in 1986. Red Sox history has also been marked by the team's intense rivalry with the New York Yankees, arguably the fiercest and most historic in North American professional sports.[3][4][5] Since 2003, the Red Sox have been perennial playoff contenders and have won two World Series, emerging as one of the most successful MLB teams of the last decade.
The Boston Red Sox are owned by Fenway Sports Group, who also own Liverpool Football Club of the Premier League in England. The Red Sox are consistently one of the top MLB teams in average road attendance, while the small capacity of Fenway Park prevents them from leading in overall attendance.[6] Every home game since May 15, 2003 has been sold out — a MLB record that has spanned almost nine years.[7][8]
Nickname[link]
The name Red Sox, chosen by owner John I. Taylor after the 1907 season, refers to the red hose in the team uniform beginning 1908. Sox had been previously adopted for the Chicago White Sox by newspapers needing a headline-friendly form of Stockings, as "Stockings Win!" in large type would not fit on a page. The Spanish language media sometime refers to the team as Medias Rojas for Red Socks.
The nickname was first used for a baseball team by the Cincinnati Red Stockings, who were members of the pioneering National Association of Base Ball Players. Managed by Harry Wright, Cincinnati adopted a uniform with white knickers and red stockings, and earned the famous nickname, a year or two before hiring the first fully professional team in 1869. When the club folded after the 1870 season, Wright was hired by Boston businessman, Ivers Whitney Adams [9] to organize a new team in Boston, and he did, bringing three teammates and the "Red Stockings" nickname along (Most nicknames were then only nicknames, neither club names nor registered trademarks, so the migration was informal). The Boston Red Stockings won four championships in the five seasons of the new National Association, the first professional league.
When a new Cincinnati club was formed as a charter member of the National League in 1876, the "Red Stockings" nickname was commonly reserved for them once again, and the Boston team was referred to as the "Red Caps". Other names were sometimes used before Boston officially adopted the nickname "Braves" in 1912; the club eventually left Boston for Milwaukee and is now playing in Atlanta, Georgia.
In 1901, the upstart American League established a competing club in Boston. (Originally, a team was supposed to be started in Buffalo, but league ownership at the last minute removed that city from their plans in favor of the expansion Boston franchise.) For seven seasons, the AL team wore dark blue stockings and had no official nickname. They were simply "Boston", "Bostonians" or "the Bostons"; or the "Americans" or "Boston Americans" as in "American Leaguers", Boston being a two-team city. Their 1901–1907 jerseys, both home and road, simply read "Boston", except for 1902 when they sported large letters "B" and "A" denoting "Boston" and "American." Newspaper writers of the time used other nicknames for the club, including "Somersets" (for owner Charles Somers), "Plymouth Rocks," "Beaneaters," the "Collinsites" (for manager Jimmy Collins)", and "Pilgrims."
For years many sources have listed "Pilgrims" as the early Boston AL team's official nickname, but researcher Bill Nowlin has demonstrated that the name was barely used, if at all, during the team's early years.[10] The origin of the nickname appears to be a poem entitled “The Pilgrims At Home” written by Edwin Fitzwilliam that was sung at the 1907 home opener (“Rory O’More” melody).[11] This nickname was commonly used during that season, perhaps because the team had a new manager and several rookie players. John I. Taylor had said in December 1907 that the Pilgrims “sounded too much like homeless wanderers.”
The National League club in Boston, though seldom called the "Red Stockings" anymore, still wore red trim. In 1907, the National League club adopted an all-white uniform, and the American League team saw an opportunity. On December 18, 1907, Taylor announced that the club had officially adopted red as its new team color. The 1908 uniforms featured a large icon of a red stocking angling across the shirt front. For 1908, the National League club returned to wearing red trim, but the American League team finally had an official nickname, and would remain the "Red Sox" for good.
The name is often shortened to "Bosox" or "BoSox," a combination of "Boston" and "Sox" (similar to the "ChiSox" in Chicago or the minor league "PawSox" of Pawtucket). Sportswriters sometimes refer to the Red Sox as the Crimson Hose[12] and the Olde Towne Team. Recently, media has begun to casually call them the "Sawx", reflecting how the word is pronounced with a New England accent. However, most fans simply refer to the team as the "Sox" when the context is understood to mean Red Sox.[13]
The team's formal corporate name has been said to be the "Boston American League Baseball Company" or "Club", which seems to be borne out by this current-day photograph of the street-door to the stadium, at 24 Yawkey Way; that entrance also figures in Robert B Parker's Spenser-and-baseball novel Mortal Stakes.
History[link]
Main article: History of the Boston Red Sox
1901–1919[link]
In 1901, the minor Western League, led by Ban Johnson, declared its equality with the National League, then the only major league in baseball. Johnson changed the name of the league to the American League, leading teams in his league to be christened with the unofficial nickname "Americans". This was especially true in the case of the new Boston franchise, which would not adopt an official nickname until 1908.
The upstart league placed franchises in Baltimore, Maryland and Buffalo. After looking at his new league Ban Johnson decided that he would need a team in Boston to compete with the National League team there and so cancelled the Buffalo club's franchise, offering one to a new club in Boston. Playing their home games at Huntington Avenue Grounds, the Boston franchise finished second and third before capturing their first pennant in 1903 and repeating the next year. Those teams were led by manager and star third baseman Jimmy Collins, outfielders Chick Stahl, Buck Freeman and Patsy Dougherty and pitcher Cy Young, who in 1901 won the pitching Triple Crown with 33 wins (41.8% of the team's 79 games), 1.62 ERA and 158 strikeouts.[14] His 1901 to 1904 seasons rank among the best four-year runs ever.
In 1903, Boston participated in the first modern World Series, beating the favored Pittsburgh Pirates, winners of the NL pennant by six and a half games, winning the best-of-nine series five games to three. Aided by the modified chants of "Tessie" by the Royal Rooters fan club and by its stronger pitching staff, the Americans managed to overcome the odds, and win the World Series.
The 1904 club was almost as good as the previous team, but due to the surprise emergence of the New York Highlanders, the Boston club found itself in a tight pennant race through the last games of the season. A predecessor to what would become a storied rivalry, this race featured such controversial moves as the trade of Patsy Dougherty to the Highlanders for Bob Unglaub. The climax of the season occurred on the last, dramatic doubleheader at the Highlanders’ home stadium, Hilltop Park. In order to win the pennant, the Highlanders needed to win both games. With Jack Chesbro, the Highlanders' 41-game winner, on the mound, and the score tied 2–2 with a man on third in the top of the ninth, a spitball got away from Chesbro and Lou Criger scored the go-ahead run on one of the most famous wild pitches in history.
Unfortunately, the NL champion New York Giants declined to play any postseason series, fearing it would give their New York rivals credibility (they had expected the Highlanders to win), but a sharp public reaction led the two leagues immediately to make the World Series a permanent championship, starting in 1905. These successful times soon ended, however, as Boston lost 100 games in 1906. However, several new star players helped the newly renamed Red Sox improve almost immediately.
By 1909, legendary center fielder Tris Speaker had become a fixture in the Boston outfield, and the team worked their way to third place. However, the Red Sox would not win the pennant again until their 105-win 1912 season, finishing with a club record .691 winning percentage. Anchored by an outfield considered to be among the finest in the game—Tris Speaker, Harry Hooper and Duffy Lewis—and superstar pitcher Smoky Joe Wood, the Red Sox beat the New York Giants 4–3–1 in the classic 1912 World Series best known for Snodgrass’s Muff. From 1913 to 1916 the Red Sox were owned by Joseph Lannin, who signed Babe Ruth, soon the best-known and one of the best players ever. Another 101 wins in 1915 propelled the Red Sox to the 1915 World Series, where they beat the Philadelphia Phillies four games to one. Following the 1915 season, Tris Speaker was traded to the Cleveland Indians. His departure was more than compensated for, however, by the emergence of star pitcher Babe Ruth. The Red Sox went on to win the 1916 World Series, this time defeating the Brooklyn Robins. In 1918, Babe Ruth led his team to another World Series championship. This time over the Chicago Cubs.
Sale of Babe Ruth[link]
Harry Frazee bought the Red Sox from Joseph Lannin in 1916 for about $500,000. A couple of notable trades involving Harry Frazee and the Yankees occurred before the Babe Ruth sale. On December 18, 1918, outstanding outfielder Duffy Lewis, pitcher Dutch Leonard (who'd posted a modern record 0.96 ERA in 1914.[15]), and pitcher Ernie Shore were traded to the Yankees for pitcher Ray Caldwell, Slim Love, Roxy Walters, Frank Gilhooley and $15,000.[16] As all three players were well regarded in Boston — Lewis had been a key player on the 1910s championship teams, Shore had famously relieved Babe Ruth and retired 27 straight, and Leonard had only four years before setting a modern record for earned run average — this trade was regarded as a poor one in Boston. Then, on July 13, 1919, submarine-style pitching star Carl Mays was traded to the Yankees for Bob McGraw, Allan Russell and $40,000.[17] Mays would go on to have several good years for the Yankees, but had been a discipline problem for the Red Sox.
On December 26, 1919,[18] Frazee sold Babe Ruth, who had played the previous six seasons for the Red Sox, to the rival New York Yankees (Ruth had just broken the single-season home run record, hitting 29 in 1919.[19]) Legend has it that Frazee did so in order to finance the Broadway play No, No, Nanette. That play did not actually open on Broadway until 1925, but as Leigh Montville discovered during research for his book, The Big Bam: The Life and Times of Babe Ruth,[20] No, No, Nanette had originated as a non-musical stage play called My Lady Friends, which opened on Broadway in December 1919. My Lady Friends had, indeed, been financed by the Ruth sale to the Yankees.
During that period, the Red Sox, Yankees and Chicago White Sox had a détente; they were called "Insurrectos" because their actions antagonized league president Ban Johnson. Although Frazee owned the Boston Red Sox franchise, he did not own Fenway Park (it was owned by the Fenway Park Trust), making his ownership a precarious one; Johnson could move another team into the ballpark. His club was in debt, but Frazee felt the need to purchase its playing site (which he did in 1920). Further, providing the Yankees with a box office attraction would help that mediocre club, which had sided with him against Johnson and "the Loyal Five" clubs.[21] Finally, Ruth was considered a serious disciplinary problem, a reputation he amply confirmed while playing for the Yankees. Frazee moved Ruth to stabilize Red Sox finances and cut distractions. It was a straight sale, no players in return.
New York achieved great success after acquiring Ruth and several other very good players. Boston, meanwhile, did poorly during the 20s and 30s, and the sale of Babe Ruth came to be viewed as the beginning of the Yankees–Red Sox rivalry, considered the "Greatest Rivalry on Earth" by American sports journalists.[3]
File:ALE-BOS-Logo-Old07.png
The Boston Red Sox logo from 1931 to 1932
After deciding to get out of baseball, Frazee began selling many of his star players. In the winter of 1920, Wally Schang, Waite Hoyt, Harry Harper and Mike McNally were traded to the Yankees for Del Pratt, Muddy Ruel, John Costello, Hank Thormahlen, Sammy Vick and cash.[22] The following winter, iron man shortstop Everett Scott, and pitchers Bullet Joe Bush and Sad Sam Jones were traded to the Yankees for Roger Peckinpaugh (who would be immediately shipped to the Washington Senators), Jack Quinn, Rip Collins, Bill Piercy and $50,000.[23] On July 23, 1922, Joe Dugan and Elmer Smith were traded to the Yankees for Elmer Miller, Chick Fewster, Johnny Mitchell, and Lefty O'Doul, who was at the time a mediocre pitching prospect. Acquiring Dugan helped the Yankees edge the St. Louis Browns in a tight pennant race, and the resulting uproar helped create a June 15 trading deadline that went into effect the next year.[24] Perhaps an even more outrageous deal was the trade of Herb Pennock, occurring in early 1923. Pennock was traded by the Red Sox to the Yankees for Camp Skinner, Norm McMillan, George Murray and $50,000.[25]
Over an eight-year period from 1925 to 1932, the Red Sox averaged over 100 losses per season. One of the few bright spots on these teams was Earl Webb, who set the all-time mark for most doubles in a season in 1931 with 67. The BoSox’ fortunes began to change in 1933 when Tom Yawkey bought the team. Yawkey acquired pitcher Wes Ferrell and one of the greatest pitchers of all-time, Lefty Grove, making his team competitive once again in the late thirties. He also acquired Joe Cronin, an outstanding shortstop and manager and slugging first baseman Jimmie Foxx whose 50 home runs in 1938 would stand as a club record for 68 years. Foxx also drove in a club record 175 runs.[26]
1939–1960[link]
In 1939, the Red Sox purchased the contract of outfielder Ted Williams from the minor league San Diego Padres of the Pacific Coast League, ushering in an era of the team sometimes called the "Ted Sox." Williams consistently hit for both high power and high average, and is generally considered one of the greatest hitters of all time. The right-field bullpens in Fenway were built in part for Williams' left-handed swing, and are sometimes called "Williamsburg." Before this addition, it was over 400 feet (120 m) to right field. He served two stints in the United States Marine Corps as a pilot and saw active duty in both World War II and the Korean War, missing at least five full seasons of baseball. His book The Science of Hitting is widely read by students of baseball. He is currently the last player to hit over .400 for a full season, batting .406 in 1941.[27] Williams feuded with sports writers his whole career, calling them "The Knights of the Keyboard," and his relationship with the fans was often rocky as he was seen spitting towards the stands on more than one occasion.
With Williams, the Red Sox reached the 1946 World Series, but lost to the St. Louis Cardinals in seven games in part because of the use of the "Williams Shift," a defensive tactic in which the shortstop would move to the right side of the infield to make it harder for the left-handed-hitting Williams to hit to that side of the field. Some have claimed that he was too proud to hit to the other side of the field, not wanting to let the Cardinals take away his game. His performance may have also been affected by a pitch he took in the elbow in an exhibition game a few days earlier. Either way, in his only World Series, Williams gathered just five singles in 25 at-bats for a .200 average.
The Cardinals won the 1946 Series when Enos Slaughter scored the go-ahead run all the way from first base on a base hit to left field. The throw from Leon Culberson was cut off by shortstop Johnny Pesky, who relayed the ball to the plate just a hair too late. Some say Pesky hesitated or "held the ball" before he turned to throw the ball, but this has been disputed.
Along with Williams and Pesky, the Red Sox featured several other star players during the 1940s, including second baseman Bobby Doerr and center fielder Dom DiMaggio (the younger brother of Joe DiMaggio).
The Red Sox narrowly lost the AL pennant in 1948 and 1949. In 1948, Boston finished in a tie with Cleveland, and their loss to Cleveland in a one-game playoff ended hopes of an all-Boston World Series. Curiously, manager Joseph McCarthy chose journeyman Denny Galehouse to start the playoff game when the young lefty phenom Mel Parnell was available to pitch. In 1949, the Red Sox were one game ahead of the New York Yankees, with the only two games left for both teams being against each other, and they lost both of those games.
File:ALE-BOS-Logo-Old09.png
Logo used by the Boston Red Sox in the 1950s
The 1950s were viewed as a time of tribulation for the Red Sox. After Williams returned from the Korean War in 1953, many of the best players from the late 1940s had retired or been traded. The stark contrast in the team led critics to call the Red Sox' daily lineup "Ted Williams and the Seven Dwarfs." Jackie Robinson was even worked out by the team at Fenway Park, however it appeared that owner Tom Yawkey did not want an African American player on his team at that time. Willie Mays also tried out for Boston and was highly praised by team scouts. Ted Williams hit .388 at the age of 38 in 1957, but there was little else for Boston fans to root for. Williams retired at the end of the 1960 season, famously hitting a home run in his final at-bat as memorialized in the John Updike story "Hub fans bid Kid adieu." The Red Sox finally became the last Major League team to field an African American player when they promoted infielder Pumpsie Green from their AAA farm team in 1959.
1960s[link]
Main article: The Impossible Dream (1967)
The 1960s also started poorly for the Red Sox, though 1961 saw the debut of Carl "Yaz" Yastrzemski, Williams' replacement in left field, who developed into one of the better hitters of a pitching-rich decade.
Red Sox fans know 1967 as the season of the "Impossible Dream." The slogan refers to the hit song from the popular musical play "Man of La Mancha". 1967 saw one of the great pennant races in baseball history with four teams in the AL pennant race until almost the last game. The BoSox had finished the 1966 season in ninth place, but they found new life with Yastrzemski as the team went to the 1967 World Series, only to lose the Series to the St. Louis Cardinals in seven games. Yastrzemski won the American League Triple Crown (the most recent player to accomplish such a feat), hitting .326 with 44 home runs and 121 RBIs. He finished one vote short of a unanimous MVP selection, as a Minnesota sportswriter placed Twins center fielder César Tovar first on his ballot.[28] But the Red Sox lost the series — again to the St. Louis Cardinals, in seven games. Legendary pitcher Bob Gibson stymied the Red Sox winning three games.
An 18-year-old Bostonian rookie named Tony Conigliaro slugged 24 home runs in 1964. "Tony C" became the youngest player in Major League Baseball to hit his 100th home run, a record that stands today. He was struck just above the left cheek bone by a fastball thrown by Jack Hamilton of the California Angels on Friday, August 18, 1967 and sat out the entire next season with headaches and blurred vision. Although he did have a productive season in 1970, he was never the same.
1970s[link]
File:ALE-BOS-Logo-Old10.png
1960–1978 logo
Although the Red Sox were competitive for much of the late 1960s and early 1970s, they never finished higher than second place in their division. The closest they came to a divisional title was 1972, when they lost by a half-game to the Detroit Tigers. The start of the season was delayed by a players' strike, and the Red Sox had lost one more game to the strike than the Tigers had. Games lost to the strike were not made up. The Red Sox went to Detroit with a half-game lead for the final series of the season, but lost the first two of those three and were eliminated from the pennant race.
The Red Sox won the AL pennant in 1975. The 1975 Red Sox were as colorful as they were talented, with Yastrzemski and rookie outfielders Jim Rice and Fred Lynn, veteran outfielder Dwight Evans, catcher Carlton Fisk, and pitchers Luis Tiant and eccentric junkballer Bill "The Spaceman" Lee. Fred Lynn won both the American League Rookie of the Year award and the Most Valuable Player award, a feat which had never previously been accomplished, and was not duplicated until Ichiro Suzuki did it in 2001.[29][30] In the 1975 American League Championship Series, the Red Sox swept the Oakland A's.
In the 1975 World Series, they faced the heavily favored Cincinnati Reds, also known as The Big Red Machine. Luis Tiant won games 1 and 4 of the World Series but after five games, the Red Sox trailed the series 3 games to 2. Game 6 at Fenway Park is considered among the greatest games in postseason history. Down 6–3 in the bottom of the eighth inning, Red Sox pinch hitter Bernie Carbo hit a three run homer into the center field bleachers off Reds fireman Rawly Eastwick to tie the game. In the top of the eleventh inning, right fielder Dwight Evans made a spectacular catch of a Joe Morgan line drive and doubled Ken Griffey at first base to preserve the tie. In the bottom of the twelfth inning, Carlton Fisk hit a deep fly ball which sliced towards the left field foul pole above the Green Monster. As the ball sailed into the night, Fisk waved his arms frantically towards fair territory, seemingly pleading with the ball not to go foul. The ball complied, and bedlam ensued at Fenway as Fisk rounded the bases to win the game for the Red Sox 7–6.
The Red Sox lost game 7, 4–3 even though they had an early 3–0 lead. Starting pitcher Bill Lee threw a slow looping curve which he called a "Leephus pitch" or "space ball" to Reds first baseman Tony Perez who hit the ball over the Green Monster and across the street. The Reds scored the winning run in the 9th inning. Carlton Fisk said famously about the 1975 World Series, "We won that thing 3 games to 4."
1978 pennant race[link]
In 1978, the Red Sox and the Yankees were involved in a tight pennant race. The Yankees were 14 1⁄2 games behind the Red Sox in July, and on September 10, after completing a 4-game sweep of the Red Sox (known as "The Boston Massacre"), the Yankees tied for the divisional lead.
On September 16 the Yankees held a 3 1⁄2 game lead over the Red Sox, but the Sox won 11 of their next 13 games and by the final day of the season, the Yankees' magic number to win the division was one — with a win over Cleveland or a Boston loss to the Toronto Blue Jays clinching the division. However, New York lost 9–2 and Boston won 5–0, forcing a one-game playoff to be held at Fenway Park on Monday, October 2.
The most remembered moment from the game was Bucky Dent's 7th inning three-run home run in off Mike Torrez just over the Green Monster, giving the Yankees their first lead.[31] Reggie Jackson provided a solo home run in the 8th that proved to be the difference in the Yankees' 5–4 win, which ended with Yastrzemski popping out to Graig Nettles in foul territory with Rick Burleson representing the tying run at third. Although Dent became a Red Sox demon, the Red Sox would get retribution in 1990 when the Yankees fired Dent as their manager during a series at Fenway Park.[32]
1986 season[link]
File:ALE-BOS-Logo.svg
1979–2008 logo
Main article: 1986 World Series
Carl Yastrzemski retired after the 1983 season, during which the Red Sox finished sixth in the seven-team AL East, posting their worst record since 1966. However, in 1986, it appeared that the team's fortunes were about to change. The offense had remained strong with Jim Rice, Dwight Evans, Don Baylor and Wade Boggs. Roger Clemens led the pitching staff, going 24–4 with a 2.48 ERA, and had a 20-strikeout game[33] to win both the American League Cy Young and Most Valuable Player awards. Clemens became the first starting pitcher to win both awards since Vida Blue in 1971.[30]
The Red Sox won the AL East for the first time in 11 seasons, and faced the California Angels in the AL Championship Series. The teams split the first two games in Boston, but the Angels won the next two home games, taking a 3–1 lead in the series. With the Angels poised to win the series, the Red Sox trailed 5–2 heading into the ninth inning of Game 5. A two-run homer by Baylor cut the lead to one. With two outs and a runner on, and one strike away from elimination, Dave Henderson homered off Donnie Moore to put Boston up 6–5. Although the Angels tied the game in the bottom of the ninth, the Red Sox won in the 11th on a Henderson sacrifice fly off Moore. The Red Sox then found themselves with six- and seven-run wins at Fenway Park in Games 6 and 7 to win the American League title.
The Red Sox faced a heavily favored New York Mets team that had won 108 games in the regular season in the 1986 World Series. Boston won the first two games in Shea Stadium but lost the next two at Fenway, knotting the series at 2 games apiece. After Bruce Hurst recorded his second victory of the series in Game 5, the Red Sox returned to Shea Stadium looking to garner their first championship in 68 years. However, Game 6 would go down as one of the most devastating losses in club history. After pitching seven strong innings, Clemens was lifted from the game with a 3–2 lead. Years later, Manager John McNamara said Clemens was suffering from a blister and asked to be taken out of the game, a claim Clemens denied.[34] The Mets then scored a run off reliever and former Met Calvin Schiraldi to tie the score 3–3. The game went to extra innings, where the Red Sox took a 5–3 lead in the top of the 10th on a solo home run by Henderson, a double by Boggs and an RBI single by second baseman Marty Barrett.
After recording two outs in the bottom of the 10th, a graphic appeared on the NBC telecast hailing Barrett as the Player of the Game, and Bruce Hurst had been named World Series MVP. A message even appeared briefly on the Shea Stadium scoreboard congratulating the Red Sox as world champions. After so many years of abject frustration, Red Sox fans around the world could taste victory. With two strikes, Mets catcher Gary Carter hit a single. It was followed by singles by Kevin Mitchell and Ray Knight. With Mookie Wilson batting, a wild pitch by Bob Stanley tied the game at 5. Wilson then hit a slow ground ball to first; the ball rolled through Bill Buckner's legs, allowing Knight to score the winning run from second.
While Buckner was singled out as responsible for the loss, many observers — as well as both Wilson and Buckner — have noted that even if Buckner had fielded the ball cleanly, the speedy Wilson probably would still have been safe, leaving the game-winning run at third with two out.
Many observers questioned why Buckner was in the game at that point considering he had bad knees and that Dave Stapleton had come in as a late-inning defensive replacement in prior series games. It appeared as though McNamara was trying to reward Buckner for his long and illustrious career by leaving him in the game. After falling behind 3–0, the Mets then won Game 7, concluding the devastating collapse and feeding the myth that the Red Sox were "cursed."[35]
This World Series loss had a strange twist: Red Sox General Manager Lou Gorman was vice-president, player personnel, of the Mets from 1980 to 1983.[36] Working under Mets' GM Frank Cashen, with whom Gorman served with the Orioles, he helped lay the foundation for the Mets' championship.[36]
1988–1991[link]
The Red Sox returned to the postseason in 1988. With the club in fourth place midway through the 1988 season at the All-Star break, manager John McNamara was fired and replaced by Joe Morgan on July 15. Immediately the club won 12 games in a row, and 19 of 20 overall, to surge to the AL East title in what would be referred to as Morgan Magic. But the magic was short-lived, as the team was swept by the Oakland Athletics in the ALCS. Ironically, the MVP of that Series was former Red Sox pitcher and Baseball Hall of Fame player Dennis Eckersley, who saved all four wins for Oakland. Two years later, in 1990, the Red Sox would again win the division and face the Athletics in the ALCS. However, the outcome was the same, with the A's sweeping the ALCS in four straight.
In 1990, Yankees fans started to chant "1918!" to taunt the Red Sox.[37] The demeaning chant would echo at Yankee Stadium each time the Red Sox were there.[38] Also, Fenway Park became the scene of Bucky Dent's worst moment as a manager, although it was where he had his greatest triumph.[32] In June, when the Red Sox swept the Yankees during a four-game series at Fenway Park, the Yankees fired Dent as their manager. Red Sox fans felt retribution to Dent being fired on their field.[32]
1992–2001[link]
Tom Yawkey died in 1976, and his wife Jean R. Yawkey took control of the team until her death in 1992. Their initials are shown in two stripes on the Left field wall in Morse code.[39] Upon Jean's death, control of the team passed to the Yawkey Trust, led by John Harrington. The trust sold the team in 2002, concluding 70 years of Yawkey ownership.
In 1994, General Manager Lou Gorman was replaced by Dan Duquette, a Massachusetts native who had worked for the Montreal Expos. Duquette revived the team's farm system, which during his tenure produced players such as Nomar Garciaparra, Carl Pavano and David Eckstein.[40] Duquette also spent money on free agents, notably an eight-year, $160 million deal for Manny Ramírez after the 2000 season.
The Red Sox won the newly realigned American League East in 1995, finishing seven games ahead of the Yankees. However, they were swept in three games in the ALDS by the Cleveland Indians. Their postseason losing streak reached 13 straight games, dating back to the 1986 World Series.
Roger Clemens tied his major league record by fanning 20 Detroit Tigers on September 18, 1996 in what would prove to be one of his final appearances in a Red Sox uniform. After Clemens had turned 30 and then had four seasons, 1993–96, which were by his standards mediocre at best, Duquette said the pitcher was entering "the twilight of his career."[41] Clemens went on to pitch well for another ten years and win four more Cy Young awards.
Out of contention in 1997, the team traded closer Heathcliff Slocumb to Seattle for catching prospect Jason Varitek and right-handed pitcher Derek Lowe. Prior to the start of the 1998 season, the Red Sox dealt pitchers Tony Armas, Jr. and Carl Pavano to the Montreal Expos for pitcher Pedro Martínez. Martínez became the anchor of the team's pitching staff and turned in several outstanding seasons. In 1998, the team won the American League Wild Card, but again lost the American League Division Series to the Indians.
In 1999, Duquette called Fenway Park "economically obsolete" and, along with Red Sox ownership, led a push for a new stadium.
On the field, the 1999 Red Sox were finally able to overturn their fortunes against the Indians. Cleveland took a 2–0 series lead, but Boston won the next three games behind strong pitching by Derek Lowe, Pedro Martínez and his brother Ramón Martínez. Game 4's 23–7 win by the Red Sox was the highest-scoring playoff game in major league history. Game 5 began with the Indians taking a 5–2 lead after two innings, but Pedro Martínez, nursing a shoulder injury, came on in the fourth inning and pitched six innings without allowing a hit while the team's offense rallied for a 12–8 win behind two home runs and seven RBIs from outfielder Troy O'Leary. After the ALDS victory, the Red Sox lost the American League Championship Series to the Yankees, four games to one. The one bright spot was a lopsided win for the Red Sox in the much-hyped Martinez-Clemens game.
2002–present: Henry comes to Boston[link]
2002[link]
Main article: 2002 Boston Red Sox season
In 2002, the Red Sox were sold by Yawkey trustee and president Harrington to New England Sports Ventures, a consortium headed by principal owner John Henry. Tom Werner served as executive chairman, Larry Lucchino served as president and CEO, and serving as vice chairman was Les Otten. Dan Duquette was fired as GM of the club on February 28, with former Angels GM Mike Port taking the helm for the 2002 season. A week later, manager Joe Kerrigan was fired and was replaced by Grady Little.
While nearly all offseason moves were made under Dan Duquette, such as signing outfielder Johnny Damon away from the Oakland A's, the new ownership made additions after their purchase of the team, including trading for outfielder Cliff Floyd and relief pitcher Alan Embree. Nomar Garciaparra, Manny Ramírez, and Floyd all hit well, while Pedro Martínez put up his usual outstanding numbers. Derek Lowe, newly converted into a starter, won 20 games—becoming the first player to save 20 games and win 20 games in back-to-back seasons. The Red Sox won 93 games but they finished 10½ games behind the Yankees for the division and 6 behind the Angels for the AL wild card.
2003[link]
Main article: 2003 Boston Red Sox season
In the off-season, Port was replaced by Yale graduate Theo Epstein. Epstein, raised in Brookline, Massachusetts, and just 28 at the time of his hiring, became the youngest general manager in MLB history.
The "Idiots" of 2004 arose out of the "Cowboy Up" team of 2003, a nickname derived from first baseman Kevin Millar's challenge to his teammates to show more determination.[42] In addition to Millar, the team's offense was so deep that 2003 batting champion Bill Mueller batted 7th in the lineup behind sluggers Manny Ramírez and the newly acquired David Ortiz.
GM Theo Epstein, noticing that Mueller was hitting very well in a limited role, traded Shea Hillenbrand to the Arizona Diamondbacks for Byung-Hyun Kim. Receiving much more playing time following the trade, Ortiz contributed significantly in the second half of the season. The trade ended up greatly benefiting the team, as the Red Sox broke many batting records[43] and won the AL Wild Card.
In the 2003 American League Division Series, the Red Sox rallied from a 0–2 series deficit against the Oakland Athletics to win the best-of-five series. Derek Lowe returned to his former relief pitching role to save Game 5, a 4–3 victory. The team then faced the Yankees in the 2003 American League Championship Series. In Game 7, Boston led 5–2 in the eighth inning, but Pedro Martínez allowed three runs to tie the game. The Red Sox could not score off Mariano Rivera over the last three innings and eventually lost the game 6–5 when Yankee third baseman Aaron Boone hit a solo home run off Tim Wakefield.
Some placed the blame for the loss on manager Grady Little[44] for failing to remove starting pitcher Martínez in the 8th inning after some observers believe he began to show signs of tiring. Others credited Little with the team's successful season and dramatic come-from-behind victory in the ALDS. Nevertheless, Boston's management decided a change was in order and did not renew Little's contract. He was replaced by former Philadelphia Phillies manager Terry Francona.
2004: World Series Championship[link]
Main articles: 2004 Boston Red Sox season, 2004 American League Division Series, 2004 American League Championship Series, and 2004 World Series
During the 2003–04 offseason, the Red Sox acquired another ace pitcher, Curt Schilling, and a closer, Keith Foulke. Expectations once again ran high that 2004 would be the year that the Red Sox ended their championship drought. The regular season started well in April, but through mid-season the team struggled due to injuries, inconsistency, and defensive woes.
Management shook up the team at the MLB trading deadline on July 31 with a blockbuster four team trade. They traded the team's popular yet often injured shortstop Nomar Garciaparra with outfielder Matt Murton to the Chicago Cubs. The Cubs sent Brendan Harris, Alex Gonzalez and Francis Beltrán to the Montreal Expos, and minor leaguer Justin Jones to the Minnesota Twins. The Red Sox received first baseman Doug Mientkiewicz from the Twins, and shortstop Orlando Cabrera from the Expos.
In a separate transaction, the Red Sox traded minor leaguer Henri Stanley to the Los Angeles Dodgers for center fielder Dave Roberts. Following the trades, the club immediately turned things around, winning 22 out of 25 games and qualifying for the playoffs as the AL Wild Card. Players and fans affectionately referred to the players as "The Idiots," a term coined by Johnny Damon and Kevin Millar during the playoff push to describe the team's eclectic roster and devil-may-care attitude toward their supposed "curse."
Boston began the postseason by sweeping the AL West champion Anaheim Angels in the ALDS. However, Curt Schilling suffered a torn ankle tendon in Game 1 after fielding a ground ball on the subsequent throw to first. In the third game of the series, Vladimir Guerrero hit a grand slam off Mike Timlin in the 7th inning to tie the game. However, David Ortiz hit a walk-off two-run homer in the 10th inning to win the game. The Red Sox advanced to a rematch in the ALCS against the Yankees.
The series started very poorly for the Red Sox. Schilling, pitching injured, was routed for six runs in three innings and Boston ended up losing Game 1. In the second game, with his Yankees leading 1–0 for most of the game, John Olerud hit a two-run home run to put New York up for good. Following this, the Red Sox were down three games to none after a crushing 19–8 loss in Game 3 at home.
Up to this point, no team in the history of baseball had come back to win from a 3–0 series deficit. In Game 4, the Red Sox found themselves facing elimination, trailing 4–3 in the ninth with Mariano Rivera in to close for the Yankees. After Rivera issued a walk to Kevin Millar, Dave Roberts came on to pinch run and promptly stole second base. He then scored on an RBI single by Bill Mueller, sending the game into extra innings. The Red Sox went on to win the game on a two-run home run by David Ortiz in the 12th inning. Game 5 would last 14 innings, setting the record for the longest ALCS game ever played. Both sides squandered many opportunities, until Ortiz again sealed the win with a walk-off RBI single in the bottom of the 14th.
With the series returning to Yankee Stadium for Game 6, the comeback continued with Schilling pitching on a bad ankle. Three sutures being used to stabilize the tendon in Schilling's right ankle bled throughout the game, making his sock appear bloody red. Schilling only allowed one run over 7 innings to lead the Red Sox to victory. In Game 7, the Red Sox completed their historic comeback owing to the strength of Derek Lowe's pitching and Johnny Damon's two home runs (including a grand slam in the second inning). The Yankees were defeated 10–3. Ortiz, who had the game winning RBIs in Games 4 and 5, was named ALCS Most Valuable Player. The Red Sox joined the 1942 Toronto Maple Leafs and 1975 New York Islanders as the only professional sports teams in history to win a best-of-seven games series after being down three games to none. The 2010 Philadelphia Flyers would also do it during their Cinderella march to the Stanley Cup Finals.
The Red Sox swept the St. Louis Cardinals in the 2004 World Series. The Red Sox began the series with an 11–9 win, marked by Mark Bellhorn's game-winning home run off Pesky's Pole. Game 2 in Boston was won thanks to another great performance by the bloody-socked Curt Schilling. Pedro Martínez (in his first World Series performance) shut out the Cardinals for seven innings and led Boston to a 4–1 victory in game 3, and Derek Lowe and the Red Sox did not allow a single run in game 4. The game ended as Edgar Rentería hit the ball back to closer Keith Foulke. After Foulke lobbed the ball to Mientkiewicz at first, the Red Sox had won their first World Championship in 86 years. Fox commentator Joe Buck famously called the play with: "Back to Foulke. Red Sox fans have longed to hear it: The Boston Red Sox are World Champions!"
Boston held the Cardinals' offense to only three runs in the final three games and never trailed in the series. Manny Ramírez was named World Series MVP. To add a final, surreal touch to Boston's championship season, on the night of Game 4 a total lunar eclipse colored the moon red over Busch Stadium. The city of Boston held a "rolling rally" for the team on October 30, 2004. Red Sox Nation packed the streets of Boston that Saturday to celebrate as the team rode on the city's famous Duck Boats. The Red Sox earned many accolades from the sports media and throughout the nation for their incredible season. In December, Sports Illustrated named the Boston Red Sox the 2004 Sportsmen of the Year.
With the New England Patriots winning Super Bowl XXXVIII in February, Boston became the first city since Pittsburgh in 1979 to have both Super Bowl and World Series champions in the same year. Their winning Super Bowl XXXIX during the offseason made Boston the first city since Pittsburgh in 1979–1980 to have two Super Bowl and World Series championships over a span of 12 months.[45] After the Bruins won the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals, which made Boston the first city to win championships in all four sports leagues in the new millennium, Dan Shaughnessy of The Boston Globe ranked all seven championships by the Patriots, Red Sox in 2004 and 2007, the Celtics in 2008, and the Bruins and picked the Red Sox win in 2004 as the greatest Boston sports championship during the ten-year span.[46]
2005[link]
Main article: 2005 Boston Red Sox season
After winning its first World Series in 86 years, the club re-signed Jason Varitek and named him team captain. The 2005 AL East would be decided on the last weekend of the season, with the Yankees coming to Fenway Park with a one-game lead in the standings. The Red Sox won two of the three games to finish the season with the same record as the Yankees, 95–67. However, a playoff was not needed. The Yankees had won the season series, 10–9, thus they won the division, and the Red Sox settled for the Wild Card. Boston was swept in three games by the eventual 2005 World Series champion White Sox in the first round of the playoffs.
2005–2006 off-season[link]
On October 31, 2005, general manager Theo Epstein resigned on the last day of his contract. On Thanksgiving evening, the Red Sox announced the acquisition of pitcher Josh Beckett and third baseman Mike Lowell from the Florida Marlins, while sending several prospects including Hanley Ramírez to the Marlins. Fan-favorite Johnny Damon broke the hearts of Red Sox Nation by signing a four-year, $52 million deal with the Yankees. The team filled the vacancy in center field left by Damon's departure by trading for Cleveland Indians center fielder Coco Crisp. However, Crisp fractured his left index finger in April and would end up missing over 50 games in 2006. In January 2006, Epstein came to terms with the Red Sox and was once again named General Manager.
2006 season[link]
Main article: 2006 Boston Red Sox season
The revamped Red Sox infield, with third baseman Mike Lowell joining new shortstop Álex González, second baseman Mark Loretta, and first baseman Kevin Youkilis was one of the best-fielding infields in baseball. The Red Sox committed the fewest errors in the American League in 2006, and on June 30, Boston set a major league record of 17 straight errorless games. One of the brightest spots of the 2006 season was the emergence of new closer Jonathan Papelbon. Papelbon ended up setting a Red Sox rookie record with 35 saves and earning an All-Star appearance. Also, David Ortiz provided a late-season highlight when he broke Jimmie Foxx's single season Red Sox home run record by hitting 54 homers. Down the stretch, the Red Sox wilted under the pressure of mounting injuries and poor performances. Boston would compile a 9–21 record in the month of August. Injuries to Jason Varitek, Trot Nixon, and Manny Ramírez severely hurt the offense. Also, injuries to Tim Wakefield, rookie Jon Lester (diagnosed with lymphoma), and Matt Clement left the rotation with major holes to fill. The Red Sox finished 2006 with an 86–76 record and third place in the AL East.
2007: World Series Championship[link]
Main article: 2007 Boston Red Sox season
Theo Epstein's first step toward restocking the team for 2007 was to pursue one of the most anticipated acquisitions in baseball history. On November 14, MLB announced that Boston had won the bid for the rights to negotiate a contract with Japanese superstar pitcher Daisuke Matsuzaka. Boston placed a bid of $51.1 million and had 30 days to complete a deal. On December 13, Matsuzaka signed a 6-year, $52 million contract.
Fan favorite Trot Nixon filed for free agency and agreed on a deal with the Indians. With an opening in right field, the Red Sox signed J. D. Drew on January 25, 2007 to a 5-year, $70 million contract. Free agent Shortstop Álex González was replaced by another free agent, Julio Lugo. Second baseman Mark Loretta also left via free agency for the Houston Astros, opening a spot for rookie Dustin Pedroia.
The Red Sox moved into first place in the AL East by mid-April and never relinquished their division lead. While Ortiz and Ramirez provided their usual offense, it was the hitting of Lowell, Youkilis, and Pedroia that anchored the club through the first few months. While Drew, Lugo, and Coco Crisp struggled to provide offense, Lowell and Youkilis more than made up for it with averages well above .300 and impressive home run and RBI totals. Pedroia started badly, hitting below .200 in April. Manager Terry Francona stuck with him and his patience paid off as Pedroia finished the first half over .300.
On the mound, Josh Beckett emerged as the ace of the staff and was 12–2 at the all-star break. His success was needed as Schilling, Matsuzaka, Wakefield and Tavarez all struggled at times. Meanwhile, the Boston bullpen, anchored by Papelbon and Hideki Okajima, was there to pick up the starters often. Papelbon served as the stopper, and the rise of Okajima as a legitimate setup man and occasional closer gave the Red Sox more options late in the game. Okajima posted an ERA of 0.88 through the first half and was selected for the All-Star Game.
By the All-Star break, Boston had the best record in baseball and held their largest lead in the American League East, 10 games over the Blue Jays and Yankees. In the second half, more stars emerged for the Red Sox as they continued to lead the AL East. Beckett continued to shine, reaching 20 wins for the first time in his career. At one point, veteran Tim Wakefield found himself atop the AL in wins and finished with a 17–12 record. Minor league call-up Clay Buchholz provided a spark on September 1 by pitching a no-hitter in his second career start. Another call-up, outfielder Jacoby Ellsbury, was thrust into the starting lineup while Manny Ramírez rested through most of September. Ellsbury played brilliantly during the month, hitting .361 with 3 HR, 17 RBI, and 8 stolen bases. Mike Lowell continued to carry the club, hitting cleanup in September and leading the team with 120 RBI for the season. Eventual 2007 Rookie of the Year Dustin Pedroia finished his outstanding first full season with 165 hits and a .317 average. The Red Sox became the first team to clinch a playoff spot for the 2007 season and the Red Sox captured their first AL East title since 1995.
The Red Sox swept the Angels in the ALDS. Facing the Indians in the ALCS, Josh Beckett won Game 1 but the Red Sox stumbled, losing the next three games. Facing a 3–1 deficit and a must-win situation, Beckett pitched eight innings while surrendering only one run and striking out 11 in a masterful Game 5 win. The Red Sox captured their twelfth American League pennant by outscoring the Indians 30–5 over the final three games, winning the final two games at Fenway Park.
The Red Sox faced the Colorado Rockies in the 2007 World Series. Beckett set the tone in game 1, pitching seven strong innings as the offense provided more than enough in a 13–1 victory. In Game 2, Schilling, Okajima, and Papelbon held the Rockies to one run again in a 2–1 game. Moving to Colorado, the Red Sox offense made the difference again in a 10–5 win. Finally, in Game 4, Jon Lester took Wakefield's spot in the rotation and gave the Red Sox an impressive start, pitching 5⅔ shutout innings. The Rockies threatened, but thanks to World Series MVP Mike Lowell and aided by a home run by Bobby Kielty, Papelbon registered another save as the Red Sox swept the Rockies in four games, capturing their second title in four years.
2008[link]
Main article: 2008 Boston Red Sox season
Following their World Series victory, the Red Sox were forced to address a few personnel questions in the hopes of repeating as champion. The team re-signed free agents Mike Lowell, Curt Schilling, Tim Wakefield and Mike Timlin. The Red Sox also added veteran first baseman Sean Casey to back up Kevin Youkilis.[47]
Injuries to Schilling, Timlin, and Josh Beckett landed each pitcher on the disabled list before the season began, putting added pressure on young starters Jon Lester and Clay Buchholz. The Red Sox began their season by participating in the third opening day game in MLB history to be played in Japan, where they defeated the Oakland A's in the Tokyo Dome. Boston played well to start the season, settling into a top position in the AL East. However, the surprise Tampa Bay Rays took over the top of the division with a sweep over the Red Sox in early July. From May 17–22, the Sox had a winning streak of seven games, their longest of the season.[48] On May 19, Lester threw the 18th no-hitter in team history, beating the Kansas City Royals 7–0. During the season, Lester emerged as an anchor in the Red Sox rotation, leading the team in starts and innings pitched while compiling a 16–6 record and a 3.21 ERA. Buchholz meanwhile struggled mightily in 2008 to a 2–9 record, ending up back in the minors. Injuries would take a toll on the Red Sox offense during the season. David Ortiz missed 45 games with an injured wrist,[49] Mike Lowell missed weeks with a torn hip labrum, and after a blistering performance in June, J. D. Drew aggravated a back injury that shelved him for much of the second half of the season. Down the stretch, outfielder Manny Ramirez — playing in the final year of his eight year contract — became a distraction to the team. His disruptive behavior included public incidents with fellow players in the dugout (shoving Kevin Youkilis), team employees (pushing the team's 64 year old traveling secretary to the ground), criticizing ownership, and not playing due to laziness and nonexistent injuries. The front office decided to move the disgrunted outfielder at the July 31 trade deadline, shipping him to the Dodgers in a three-way deal with the Pirates that landed them Jason Bay to replace him in left field.[50]
With Ramirez gone, and Bay providing a new spark in the lineup, the Red Sox found new life. Kevin Youkilis had career highs in home runs (29) and RBIs (115). Closer Jonathan Papelbon set a career high in saves with 41. Daisuke Matsuzaka improved on his 2007 performance and led the team in wins, finishing with an 18–3 record. However, it was Dustin Pedroia who emerged as not only a team leader, but an American League MVP candidate. Pedroia hit over .340 in the second half, finishing the year at or near the top in the AL in batting average, hits, runs, and doubles. Despite Boston's 34–19 record following the trading deadline, the Rays held onto the AL East lead and captured their first division title in franchise history.
Boston still made the playoffs as the AL Wild Card. Behind the strong pitching of Jon Lester (two games started and no earned runs allowed), the Red Sox defeated the Angels in the ALDS three games to one. The Red Sox then took on their AL East rivals the Tampa Bay Rays in the ALCS. Down three games to one in the 5th game of the ALCS, Boston mounted the greatest single game comeback in ALCS history.[51] Trailing 7–0 in the 7th inning with elimination pending, the Red Sox came back to win the game 8–7.[52] They tied the series at 3 games apiece before losing Game 7, 3–1, thus becoming the eighth team in a row since 2000 not to repeat as world champions. The Red Sox led the American League last season in shutouts with 16, but only two were complete games by the starter.[48]
2009[link]
Main article: 2009 Boston Red Sox season
The Red Sox's opening game was delayed by a day due to rain. However, Ted Kennedy made the first pitch the next game.[53] The Red Sox got into a rough start, but then won eleven games in a row.[54] This winning streak was highlighted by Jacoby Ellsbury's steal of home during a Yankees game on April 26. During the first half of the season, star-slugger David Ortiz had a very bad slump with a .185 average and one sole home run.
The Red Sox faltered after the All-Star break, losing five of six on the road to the Toronto Blue Jays and Texas Rangers and batting just .192 and scoring 13 runs. In response to the poor offensive performance and to make room for Jed Lowrie's return from injury Julio Lugo was traded to the St. Louis Cardinals for cash and two minor-league players were traded to the Pittsburgh Pirates for Adam LaRoche on July 22, and on July 25, Mark Kotsay was designated for assignment.[55] The Red Sox made a big move at the trade deadline, July 31, to acquire catcher Victor Martinez from the Cleveland Indians for pitchers Justin Masterson, Nick Hagadone, and Bryan Price.[56] They also traded Adam LaRoche to the Atlanta Braves for Casey Kotchman.[56]
The Red Sox lost its last six games to place it second in the AL East, with the Yankees (who would later win the World Series). The Red Sox entered the play-off via the Wild Card. In the playoffs, the Red Sox would meet the Angels for the 3rd straigt year. This time it would be the Angels sweeping the Sox 3 games.
2010 and 2011 season: Seasons plagued with injuries and collapses[link]
Main articles: 2010 Boston Red Sox season and 2011 Boston Red Sox season
The Red Sox's 2010 season was highlighted by its many injuries to its players despite new additions to the team such as John Lackey, Mike Cameron and Marco Scutaro. Matsuzaka ended the season early to recover his health. Victor Martinez; Mike Lowell; Josh Beckett; Jed Lowrie; and Mike Cameron faced small injuries that limited their playing time. Dustin Pedroia and Kevin Youkilis ended their season from injuries late in the season. Jacoby Ellsbury would bounce back from the disabled list before he would end his season too. The Red Sox missed the play-offs for the first time since 2006, finishing third place in the AL East.
The 2011 season started with Mike Lowell deciding to retire. The Red Sox acquired superstar Adrian Gonzalez and Carl Crawford to help the team after a horrible year. The Red Sox struggled early, falling to an 0-6 start for the first time since 1945. However, they gradually made their way into playoff contention by July, thanks to a potent offense which made up for a decimated pitching staff. Daisuke Matsuzaka and Clay Buchholz ended their season with injuries, while Josh Beckett, John Lackey and newly-added setup man Bobby Jenks had stints in the disabled list, paving the way for new additions such as Andrew Miller, Alfredo Aceves and seldom-used setup man Daniel Bard to prove their worth. After rookie pitcher Kyle Weiland proved ineffective, the Red Sox made a three way trade, giving up some prospects for Érik Bédard. On July 16, 2011, Jed Lowrie turned a triple play against Sean Rodriguez of the Tampa Bay Rays, the first triple play played by the Red Sox since 1994. When Kevin Youkilis; Josh Beckett; Érik Bédard; David Ortiz; and Adrian Gonzalez all had a brief stint to the disabled list in September, the Red Sox lost 11 out of 14 in that month. The Red Sox at one point held the AL East lead midway through the season. In the end however the Red Sox blew up their postseason aspirations on September 28, losing to the Orioles 4–3 while the Tampa Bay Rays clinched the American League Wild Card with a win over the Yankees on the same night. The Red Sox missed the playoffs in consecutive seasons for the first time since missing three straight postseasons from 2000-2002. Because of this, and many other problems, Terry Francona decided not to manage the 2012 season.
In the end of the season, Terry Francona admitted that the clubhouse didn't have his definition of "leadership." Terry Francona also told of days where the starting pitchers John Lackey, ace Josh Beckett, and Jon Lester spent time in the dugout drinking when they should have paid attention. This caused a large shock to the Red Sox Nation. Jon Lester and the rest of the responsible pitchers stresses that they were only drinking when they had the day off pitching. Theo Epstein left for the Chicago Cubs and was replaced by Ben Cherington.
Current roster[link]
Uniform[link]
Main article: Logos and uniforms of the Boston Red Sox
Spring training[link]
Main article: Boston Red Sox spring training home
Truck Day[link]
The unofficial beginning of the spring training season for the Red Sox is Truck Day, the day a tractor-trailer filled with equipment leaves Fenway Park bound for the Sox spring training facility in Florida. Truck Day 2012 was on February 11.[57]
City of Palms Park[link]
Former left fielder Mike Greenwell is from Fort Myers, Florida and was instrumental in bringing his team to the city for spring training. City of Palms Park was built in 1992 for that purpose and holds 8,000 people. It is also the home of the Red Sox Rookie team, the Gulf Coast League Red Sox, from April through June.
Perhaps the most memorable game played at City of Palms was on March 7, 2004. This was the first game played between the Red Sox and New York Yankees since Aaron Boone hit the home run that eliminated the Red Sox from the playoffs the previous October. Boone's replacement at third base, Alex Rodriguez was the high profile key acquisition of the off season for the Yankees, and he was savagely booed by the 7,304 in attendance.
JetBlue Park[link]
On October 28, 2008, the Lee County commission voted 3–1 to approve an agreement with the Boston Red Sox to build a new spring-training facility for the team in south Lee County. Commissioner Brian Bigelow was the lone dissenting vote. Commissioner Bob Janes was not present for the vote, but stated that he supported it.
Dee was present in the chambers for the vote, and took the agreement back to Boston to meet with John Henry and other team officials.[58] On November 1, 2008, the Red Sox signed an agreement with Lee County that will keep their spring training home in the Fort Myers area for 30 more years.[59]
Wednesday, April 30, 2009, the Lee County commissioners selected the Watermen-Pinnacle site on Daniels Parkway (a little more than a mile east of Interstate 75) as the site for the new facility. The backup choice, if negotiations between county staff and the developer falter, is the University Highland site just north of Germain Arena in Estero. Jeff Mudgett, a Fort Myers architect who is volunteering his time toward the project, envisions a facility with a mini-Fenway Park that would open for Spring 2012.[60]
On March 29, 2011, it was announced that the new field would be named JetBlue Park[61] at Fenway South. The park was named JetBlue Park after JetBlue Airlines,[62] which has maintained major operations at Boston's Logan International Airport since 2004.
Many characteristics of the stadium will be taken from Fenway Park, including a 37-foot (11 m) Green Monster wall in left field, featuring seating on top of and behind the wall. Included in the wall will be a restored version of the manual scoreboard that was housed at Fenway for almost 30 years, beginning in the 1970s.[63] The field dimensions at JetBlue Park will be identical to those at Fenway.[63]
Rivalry with the Yankees[link]
Main article: Yankees–Red Sox rivalry
The Yankees–Red Sox rivalry is one of the oldest, most famous and fiercest rivalries in professional sports.[3][4][5] For over 100 years, the Red Sox and New York Yankees have been rivals.[64]
The rivalry is sometimes so polarizing that it is often a heated subject, like religion or politics, in the Northeastern United States.[65][66] Since the inception of the wild card team and an added Division Series, the American League East rivals have squared off in the American League Championship Series three times, with the Yankees winning twice in 1999 and 2003 and the Red Sox winning in 2004.[67][68] In addition, the teams have twice met in the last regular-season series of a season to decide the league title, in 1904 (when the Red Sox won) and 1949 (when the Yankees won).[67]
The teams also finished tied for first in 1978, when the Yankees won a high-profile one-game playoff for the division title.[69] The 1978 division race is memorable for the Red Sox having held a 14-game lead over the Yankees more than halfway through the season.[70] Similarly, the 2004 AL Championship Series is notable for the Yankees leading 3 games to 0 and ultimately losing a best of seven series.[71] The Red Sox comeback was the only time in baseball history that a team has come back from a 0–3 deficit to win a series.[72]
The rivalry is often termed "the best"[73] and "greatest rivalry in all of sports."[74] Games between the two teams are often broadcast on national television, schedule permitting.[75]
Radio and television[link]
See also: List of Boston Red Sox broadcasters
Currently, the flagship radio station of the Red Sox is WEEI, 850 AM. Joe Castiglione, in his 25th year as the voice of the Red Sox, serves as the lead play-by-play announcer, along with Dave O'Brien and Jon Rish. Some of Castiglione's predecessors include Curt Gowdy, Ken Coleman, and Ned Martin. He has also worked with play-by-play veterans Bob Starr and Jerry Trupiano. Many stations throughout New England and beyond pick up the broadcasts.
All Red Sox telecasts not shown nationally on Fox or ESPN are seen on New England Sports Network (NESN) with Don Orsillo calling play-by-play and Jerry Remy, former Red Sox second baseman, as color analyst. During Remy's recovery from cancer, former Red Sox players Dennis Eckersley and Dave Roberts have alternated doing color commentary. NESN became exclusive in 2006; before then, games were shown on such local stations as WBZ, WSBK, WLVI, WABU, and WFXT at various points in team history. Red Sox commercials have featured notable performers in thirty–second spots, including Jonathan Meath in 2009.
Retired numbers[link]
 Bobby Doerr 2B Coach Retired 1988 |
 Joe Cronin SS Mgr, GM Retired 1984 |
 Johnny Pesky SS, 3B Mgr, Coach Retired 2008 |
 Carl Yastrzemski LF, 1B, DH Retired 1989 |
 Ted Williams LF Retired 1984 |
 Jim Rice LF, DH Coach Retired 2009 |
 Carlton Fisk C Retired 2000 |
 Jackie Robinson – Retired 1997 |
The most recent number retirement was on July 28, 2009, as the Red Sox retired the number 14 of Jim Rice.[76]
The Red Sox have two official requirements for a player to have his number retired:
- Election to the National Baseball Hall of Fame
- At least 10 years played with the Red Sox[77]
The Red Sox previously had a requirement that the player "must have finished their career with Red Sox," but this was reconsidered after the election of Carlton Fisk to the Hall of Fame. Fisk actually retired with the White Sox, but then-GM Dan Duquette hired him for one day as a special assistant, which allowed Fisk to technically end his career with the Red Sox.[78] After that, with the anticipation that there might be other former Red Sox players who would be denied the chance to have their number retired by the club (a prime example would be Roger Clemens), the team dropped the rule. Some would argue that the rule still exists de jure, as Wade Boggs' number has not been retired by Boston even though he meets the official requirements (Boggs finished his career with the Tampa Bay Rays after spending five years with the rival New York Yankees). It should be noted that Boston did honor Boggs by voting him into the Red Sox Hall of Fame in 2004, the year before he was enshrined into Cooperstown.
The only exception that has been made to date is for former Boston shortstop Johnny Pesky, whose number 6 was retired on September 28, 2008.[79] Pesky neither spent ten years as a player nor was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame; however, Red Sox ownership cited "... his versatility of his contributions — on the field, off the field, [and] in the dugout...," including as a manager, scout, and special instructor and decided that the honor had been well-earned.[80]
The number 42 was officially retired by Major League Baseball in 1997, but Mo Vaughn was one of a handful of players to continue wearing #42 through a grandfather clause. He last wore it for the team in 1998. In commemoration of Jackie Robinson Day, MLB invited players to wear the number 42 for games played on April 15, Coco Crisp (CF), David Ortiz (DH), and DeMarlo Hale (Coach) did that in 2007 and again in 2008. Starting in 2009, MLB had all uniformed players for all teams wear #42 for Jackie Robinson Day.
Until the late 1990s, the numbers originally hung on the right-field facade in the order in which they were retired: 9–4–1–8. It was pointed out that the numbers, when read as a date (9/4/18), marked the eve of the first game of the 1918 World Series, the last championship series that the Red Sox won before 2004. After the facade was repainted, the numbers were rearranged in numerical order. In 2012, the numbers were rearranged again in order of retirement (9,4,1,8,27,6,14) followed by Robinson's 42.
The Red Sox have not issued several numbers since the departure of prominent players who wore them,[81] specifically: [76]
- 21 – Roger Clemens RHP (1984–1996); last played in 2007 for New York Yankees.
- 26 – Wade Boggs 3B (1982–1992); Boggs has met the requirements based on his 11 years as a player and 2005 election into the Hall of Fame. No announcement has been made, but #26 has not been issued since Boggs' 2005 election to the Hall of Fame (Several players wore #26 between 1992 and 2004)
- 38 – Curt Schilling RHP (2004–2007); retired as member of Red Sox
- 45 – Pedro Martínez RHP (1998–2004); last played in 2009 for Philadelphia Phillies and retired as a player in 2011
Neither Schilling nor Martinez would qualify to have their uniform number retired based on the above "10 year" policy.
There is also considerable debate in Boston media circles and among fans about the potential retiring of Tony Conigliaro's number 25.[citation needed] Nonetheless, since Conigliaro's last full season in Boston, 1970, the number has been assigned to several players (including Orlando Cepeda, Mark Clear, Don Baylor, Larry Parrish, Jack Clark, Troy O'Leary, Jeremy Giambi), and Mike Lowell. It will be worn in 2012 by new manager Bobby Valentine as a tribute to Tony Conigliaro.
Baseball Hall of Famers[link]
| Boston Red Sox Hall of Famers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ford C. Frick Award recipients[link]
| Boston Red Sox Ford C. Frick Award recipients | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Affiliation according to the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum | |||||||||
|
Minor league affiliations[link]
Other notable seasons and team records[link]
- Pedro Martínez compiled a 1.74 ERA in a hitter's park in a big-hitting era in 2000.[82]
- Nomar Garciaparra hit .372 in 2000, the club record for a right-handed hitter.[83]
- David Ortiz in 2005 had 47 home runs and 148 RBIs. He also had many game winning and timely hits and came in second in the MVP voting to the New York Yankees' Alex Rodriguez.[84]
- David Ortiz had a franchise record-breaking 2006 season with 54 home runs in the regular season
- On April 22, 2007, Manny Ramírez, J. D. Drew, Mike Lowell, and Jason Varitek hit four consecutive home runs in the 3rd inning off 10 pitches from Chase Wright of the New York Yankees in his second Major League start and his fourth above Single-A ball. This was the fifth time in Major League history, and first time in Red Sox history this feat has occurred. Notable is that J. D. Drew had previously contributed to a four consecutive home run sequence on September 18, 2006 (coincidentally also the second batter in the sequence) while with the Los Angeles Dodgers. Additionally, then-Red Sox manager Terry Francona's father, Tito Francona, also was a part of such a four consecutive home run sequence for the Cleveland Indians in 1963.[85]
- The overall regular season winning percentage since club inception in 1901 is .516, a record of 8595–8065 for games played through 9 July 2008. They started 2007 with winning percentage of 0.512 (8444–7960).[86]
- On September 1, 2007, Clay Buchholz no-hit the Baltimore Orioles in his second Major League start. He is the first Red Sox rookie and 17th Red Sox pitcher to throw a no-hitter.[87]
- On September 22, 2007, with a victory over the Tampa Bay Devil Rays, the Red Sox clinched a spot in the postseason for the fourth time in five years, the first time in club history this has happened. Also, with this postseason berth, manager Terry Francona becomes the first manager in team history to lead the club to three playoff appearances.
- On September 8, 2008, the Red Sox set a Major League record with their 456th consecutive home-park sellout. The previous record had been held by the Cleveland Indians, who sold out 455 games between June 12, 1995 and April 2, 2001. The streak began on May 15, 2003 against the Texas Rangers. The Red Sox are only the fourth team to sell out every home game of an entire season (the 1996 Colorado Rockies and the 2000 San Francisco Giants being the other two).[88] (The team's definition of a sellout: "The criteria used for a sellout at Fenway Park have been the same since the early 1990s," Kennedy said in an e-mail. "Our policy is simple and straightforward, and is used by many MLB clubs [and other sports teams around the country]. A sellout occurs when the number of tickets distributed to spectators is equal to or greater than the seating capacity at Fenway Park. [The 2008 seating capacity is 36,984 for day games and 37,400 for night games.]"[89] That is: a sellout only covers ticket sales, not spectators in physical seats.)
- As of April 20, 2012, the Red Sox reached their 718th consecutive home game sellout, second only to the Portland Trail Blazers American professional sports record of 814 between 1977 and 1995.[90]
- On May 21, 2011, the Red Sox played against the Chicago Cubs at Fenway Park for the first time since the 1918 World Series (they had faced each other at Chicago's Wrigley Field in 2005[91]). Both teams wore uniforms that match the style worn in 1918.[92]
See also[link]
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- List of Major League Baseball franchise postseason streaks
- Boston Red Sox all-time roster
- Award winners and league leaders
- Laureus World Sports Awards (Spirit of Sport Award, 2005)
- Managers and ownership of the Boston Red Sox
- Post-season droughts
- Statistical records and milestone achievements
- Tony Conigliaro Award
- The Jimmy Fund
- Fever Pitch – the 2004 Boston Red Sox championship run from a fan-based point of view.
Notes[link]
- ^ The franchise won the first-ever World Series in 1903 as the Boston Americans. It also won the 1904 American League pennant under the same name.
- ^ "Red Sox owners through history". http://boston.redsox.mlb.com/bos/history/owners.jsp.
- ^ a b c Shaughnessy 2005, p. 21
- ^ a b Frommer & Frommer 2004, p. 78
- ^ a b Bodley, Hal (October 21, 2004). "Sport's ultimate rivalry; Yanks-Red Sox epic battles go way back". USA Today: p. 3C. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/baseball/playoffs/2004-10-20-yanks-sox-rivalry_x.htm. Retrieved January 26, 2011.
- ^ MLB document (November 1, 2007). "MLB Attendance Report – 2007". ESPN. http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/attendance?sort=home_avg&year=2007&seasonType=2. Retrieved November 12, 2007.
- ^ Golen, Jimmy (May 15, 2007). "Tigers 7, Red Sox 2". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/baseball/2007-05-15-261793538_x.htm. Retrieved October 30, 2007.
- ^ "Top five most loyal MLB fan bases". http://sports.yahoo.com/mlb/news?slug=ycn-8166895. Retrieved 2011-04-11.
- ^ -From George V. Tuohey (1897). A History of the Boston Baseball Club - A concise and accurate history of Base Ball from its inception.. Boston, MA: M.F. Quinn & Co.. p. 64.
- ^ Nowlin's followup article in the The National Pastime. Apparently this originated with a writer for the Washington Post during 1906, and by 1907 it started to be retroactively applied to the 1903 club, even by Boston newspapers.
- ^ “The Boston Pilgrims Did Exist”
- ^ "Colin McEnroe at the Hartford Courant". http://blogs.courant.com/colin_mcenroe_to_wit/2007/10/crimson-hose.html.
- ^ "Boston Red Sox News". http://boston.redsox.mlb.com/news/gameday_recap.jsp?ymd=20080420&content_id=2559253&vkey=recap&fext=.jsp&c_id=bos.
- ^ Baseball-Reference.com. "Cy Young Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/y/youngcy01.shtml. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
- ^ Baseball-Reference.com. "Dutch Leonard Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/l/leonadu01.shtml. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
- ^ "Duffy Lewis". http://www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/L/Lewis_Duffy.stm.
- ^ "Carl Mays". http://www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/M/Mays_Carl.stm.
- ^ Shaughnessy 1990, p. 31
- ^ "Year-by-Year League Leaders & Records for Home Runs — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/HR_leagues.shtml.
- ^ Montville, Leigh (2006). The Big Bam: The Life and Times of Babe Ruth. Random House. pp. 161–64.
- ^ "ESPN.com: MLB — When the Yankees nearly moved to Boston". http://static.espn.go.com/mlb/s/2002/0718/1407265.html.
- ^ "Wally Schang". http://www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/S/Schang_Wally.stm.
- ^ "Everett Scott". http://www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/S/Scott_Everett.stm.
- ^ "Elmer Smith". http://www.baseballlibrary.com/baseballlibrary/ballplayers/S/Smith_Elmer309.stm.
- ^ "Herb Pennock Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/p/pennohe01.shtml#TRANS.
- ^ Baseball-Reference.com. "Jimmie Foxx Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/f/foxxji01.shtml. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
- ^ "Ted Williams Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/w/willite01.shtml.
- ^ Baseball-Reference.com. "Carl Yastrzemski Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/y/yastrca01.shtml. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
- ^ "Rookie of the Year Awards & Rolaids Relief Award Winners — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/awards/roy_rol.shtml.
- ^ a b Most Valuable Player MVP Awards & Cy Young Awards Winners – Baseball-Reference.com
- ^ Shaughnessy 1990, pp. 145–147
- ^ a b c Cafardo, Nick (June 7, 1990). "Dent Dumped by Yankees". The Boston Globe: p. 37. https://secure.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/61640175.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Jun+7%2C+1990&author=Nick+Cafardo%2C+Globe+Staff&pub=Boston+Globe+(pre-1997+Fulltext)&edition=&startpage=37&desc=DENT+DUMPED+BY+YANKEES.
- ^ Baseball-Reference.com. "Roger Clemens Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/c/clemero02.shtml. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
- ^ "ESPN.com: Page 2: Is Clemens the Antichrist?". ESPN.com. http://proxy.espn.go.com/espn/page2/story?id=1206543.
- ^ Vecsey, George (October 28, 1986). "SPORTS OF THE TIMES; Babe Ruth Curse Strikes Again". The New York Times: p. D33.
- ^ a b Weber, Bruce (April 2, 2011). "Lou Gorman, Whose Red Sox Lost to Mets, Dies at 82". New York Times: p. B8. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/02/sports/baseball/02gorman.html.
- ^ Maske, Mark (September 25, 1990). "Pennant Chases in East Still Flying High, West All but Flagged". The Washington Post: p. E3. "Yankees fans had taunted the Red Sox all weekend with chants of "1918, 1918!"—the last time Boston won the World Series—and the Red Sox are not allowed by long-suffering New Englanders to forget the pain they have wrought with years of excruciating near misses."
- ^ Shaughnessy 2005, p. 26
- ^ "The Official Site of The Boston Red Sox: Ballpark: Fenway Facts". http://boston.redsox.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/bos/ballpark/facts.jsp.
- ^ "David Eckstein Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/e/eckstda01.shtml.
- ^ "Clemens putting Cooperstown on hold". http://insider.espn.go.com/mlb/columns/story?columnist=crasnick_jerry&id=2124180&CMP=OTC-DT9705204233&action=login&appRedirect=http%3a%2f%2finsider.espn.go.com%2fmlb%2fcolumns%2fstory%3fcolumnist%3dcrasnick_jerry%26id%3d2124180%26CMP%3dOTC-DT9705204233.
- ^ Kahn, Joseph P. (September 24, 2003). "Rallying Cry Spurs Sox To Finish Ride". Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/articles/2003/09/24/rallying_cry_spurs_sox_to_finish_ride/.
- ^ "More Red Sox Records — RedSoxDiehard.com". http://www.redsoxdiehard.com/stats/record.html.
- ^ Edes, Gordon (23 October 2003). "Boston Globe, Little unsure he wants job". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/articles/2003/10/23/little_unsure_he_wants_job/.
- ^ Shapiro, Leonard (February 7, 2005). "Patriots Grab Share of NFL History". Washington Post: p. A1. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A3727-2005Feb6?language=printer.
- ^ Shaughnessy, Dan (June 17, 2011). "How great is this?". The Boston Globe. http://articles.boston.com/2011-06-17/sports/29670955_1_red-sox-piece-of-championship-hardware-greatest-comeback.
- ^ Browne, Ian (February 5, 2008). "Red Sox bring Casey on board". mlb.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20080205&content_id=2365093&vkey=hotstove2007&fext=.jsp. Retrieved April 15, 2008.
- ^ a b Chuck, Bill (April 2, 2009). "100 random things about the Red Sox, Rays, and Yankees". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/extras/100_random_things_2009/. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ Shroyer, Shawn (September 7, 2008). "Wrist still giving Big Papi some trouble". MLB.com. redsox.com. http://boston.redsox.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20080907&content_id=3433116&vkey=news_bos&fext=.jsp&c_id=bos.
- ^ Shaughnessy, Dan (August 1, 2008). "Going, going, gone". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/articles/2008/08/01/going_going_gone/.
- ^ "Drew's game-winning hit keeps Red Sox alive in ALCS". Associated Press. ESPN. October 16, 2008. http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/recap?gameId=281016102. Retrieved October 17, 2008.
- ^ Curry, Jack (October 17, 2008). "Down by 7–0, Red Sox Force a Game 6". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/17/sports/baseball/17alcs.html?_r=1&ref=sports&pagewanted=print. Retrieved October 17, 2008.
- ^ http://espn.go.com/mlb/recap?gameId=290407102
- ^ Bay's 3-run HR helps Red Sox beat Indians, win 11th straight
- ^ Boston Red Sox Transactions
- ^ a b Red Sox deal three for Victor Martinez
- ^ "Red Sox Truck Day 2012". The Boston Globe. February 11, 2012. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/gallery/2012/truck_day/. Retrieved February 12, 2012.
- ^ "Lee County commissioners approve Red Sox agreement". http://www.news-press.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2008810280398. Retrieved October 29, 2008.
- ^ "Red Sox to stay in Fort Myers for 30 more springs". http://www.sportsline.com/mlb/story/11076748. Retrieved November 1, 2008.
- ^ "Red Sox home in Lee County will be on Daniels Parkway". http://www.news-press.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2009904300348. Retrieved May 1, 2009.
- ^ "JetBlue puts stamp on Red Sox Complex". http://www.news-press.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=2011103300387. Retrieved 2011-03-30.
- ^ http://espn.go.com/blog/boston/red-sox/post/_/id/9145/sox-new-facility-to-be-named-jet-blue-park
- ^ a b Abraham, Peter (August 31, 2011). "Red Sox announce spring training ticket prices at new JetBlue Park". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/extras/extra_bases/2011/08/red_sox_announc_8.html. Retrieved 2011-10-07.
- ^ Dodd, Mike (October 12, 2004). "Here they go again...; Red Sox vs. Yankees: Bitter enemies clash with Series on line". USA Today: p. 1C. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/baseball/playoffs/2004-10-11-cover-rivalry_x.htm. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
- ^ Shaughnessy 2005, p. 19
- ^ Richinick, Michele (October 4, 2010). "Sox-Yankees rivalry led to attack, police say". The Boston Globe: p. B2. http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2010/10/04/sox_yankees_rivalry_led_to_attack_police_say/.
- ^ a b DiGiovanna, Mike (October 12, 2004). "They Love to Hate Each Other; Red Sox and Yankees carry bitter rivalry into championship series that starts tonight". Los Angeles Times: p. D1.
- ^ Shaughnessy, Dan (October 21, 2004). "A World Series ticket; Sox complete comeback, oust Yankees for AL title". The Boston Globe: p. A1. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/articles/2004/10/21/a_world_series_party/?page=full.
- ^ Frommer & Frommer 2004, pp. 177–179
- ^ Frommer & Frommer 2004, p. 175
- ^ Kepner, Tyler (October 21, 2004). "Back From Dead, Red Sox Bury Yanks and Go to Series". New York Times: p. A1.
- ^ Rieber, Anthony (May 16, 2010). "Bruins' fall brings back memories of 2004". Newsday: p. 68. "The 2004 Yankees...are the only baseball team in history to lead a postseason series 3–0 and not win it."
- ^ Lee, Tony (January 12, 2011). "Cubs, Cardinals Must Emulate Yankees, Red Sox to Rekindle Rivalry". NESN. http://www.nesn.com/2011/01/cubs-cardinals-must-emulate-yankees-red-sox-to-rekindle-rivalry.html. Retrieved February 6, 2011.
- ^ The New York Times; The Boston Globe (2004). The rivals: the Boston Red Sox vs. the New York Yankees: an inside history (1st ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 1. ISBN 0-312-33616-0.
- ^ Ortiz, Jorge L. (May 7, 2010). "Yankees vs. Red Sox: Long-running drama". USA Today: p. 1C. http://www.usatoday.com/SPORTS/usaedition/2010-05-07-yanksox07_cv_U.htm?csp=34.
- ^ a b Dzen, Gary (July 28, 2009). "Sox to retire Rice's number tonight". boston.com. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/extras/extra_bases/2009/07/sox_to_retire_r.html. Retrieved August 31, 2009.
- ^ "Retired Numbers from redsox.com". http://boston.redsox.mlb.com/NASApp/mlb/bos/history/retired_numbers.jsp.
- ^ Grossman, Leigh (2001). The Red Sox Fan Handbook. Swordsmith Books. pp. 208. ISBN 1-931013-03-9.
- ^ Buckley, Steve (September 29, 2008). "Lofty position for Johnny Pesky". Boston Herald. http://news.bostonherald.com/sports/baseball/red_sox/view/2008_09_29_Lofty_position_for_Johnny_Pesky:_Exclusive_place_for_Sox__No__6/srvc=home&position=also.
- ^ Vega, Michael (September 24, 2008). "Pesky makes honor roll". Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/articles/2008/09/24/pesky_makes_honor_roll?mode=PF.
- ^ "Red Sox All-Time Uniform Numbers". http://www.redsoxdiehard.com/players/unifnums.html.
- ^ "Pedro Martinez Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/m/martipe02.shtml.
- ^ Baseball-Reference.com. "Nomar Garciaparra Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/g/garcino01.shtml. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
- ^ Baseball-Reference.com. "David Ortiz Statistics — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/o/ortizda01.shtml. Retrieved February 17, 2008.
- ^ "Sox tie mark with four straight homers | redsox.com: News". http://boston.redsox.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20070422&content_id=1925045&vkey=news_bos&fext=.jsp&c_id=bos. Retrieved June 18, 2010.
- ^ "Baseball Teams and Baseball Team Encyclopedias — Baseball-Reference.com". http://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/.
- ^ "ESPN.com — Blogs — Rob Neyer Blog". http://insider.espn.go.com/espn/blog/index?entryID=3001530&name=Neyer_Rob.
- ^ Jeff Horrigan for The Boston Herald. "Red Sox tie sellout streak". http://news.bostonherald.com/sports/baseball/red_sox/view/2008_09_04_Red_Sox_ties_sellout_streak:_Terry_Francona_a_big_fan_of_support/srvc=home&position=also. Retrieved September 7, 2008.
- ^ Browne, Ian (September 4, 2008). "Red Sox to set MLB sellout record". MLB.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20080904&content_id=3417965&vkey=news_bos&fext=.jsp&c_id=bos&partnerId=rss_bos. Retrieved July 28, 2009.
- ^ [1], USA Today
- ^ [2]
- ^ Red Sox to "turn back the clock" on Saturday against the Cubs
References[link]
- Nowlin, Bill; Prime, Jim (2005). Feud: The Red Sox, The Yankees, and the Struggle of Good versus Evil. Rounder Books. ISBN 1-57940-111-2.
- Stout, Glenn; Johnson, Richard A. (2000). Red Sox Century. Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 0-395-88417-9.
- Frommer, Harvey; Frommer, Frederic J. (2004). Red Sox vs. Yankees: The Great Rivalry. Sports Publishing, LLC. ISBN 1-58261-767-8.
- Shaughnessy, Dan (1990). The Curse of the Bambino. New York: Dutton. ISBN 0-525-24887-0.
- Shaughnessy, Dan (2005). Reversing the Curse. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company. ISBN 0-618-51748-0.
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Boston Red Sox |
- Boston Red Sox website
- Boston Red Sox at MLB.com
- Season-by-Season Records
- Boston Red Sox Video at ESPN Video Archive
- Red Sox MLB News Blog
- 2004 World Series win in the Newseum archive of front page images from 2004-10-28.
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This article is about the capital of Massachusetts. For other uses, see Boston (disambiguation).
| Boston | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| — State Capital — | |||
| City of Boston | |||
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| Nickname(s): Beantown,[1] The Hub (of the Universe),[1] The Cradle of Liberty,[2] The Cradle of Modern America,[1] The Athens of America,[2] The Walking City[1] | |||
| Motto: Sicut patribus sit Deus nobis (Latin "As God was with our fathers, so may He be with us") | |||
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|||
 Boston
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| Coordinates: 42°21′28″N 71°03′42″W / 42.35778°N 71.06167°W / 42.35778; -71.06167Coordinates: 42°21′28″N 71°03′42″W / 42.35778°N 71.06167°W / 42.35778; -71.06167 | |||
| Country | United States | ||
| State | Massachusetts | ||
| County | Suffolk | ||
| Settled | September 17, 1630 | ||
| Incorporated (city) | March 4, 1822 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Type | Strong mayor – council | ||
| • Mayor | Thomas M. Menino (D) | ||
| Area[3][4][5] | |||
| • State Capital | 89.63 sq mi (232.14 km2) | ||
| • Land | 48.43 sq mi (125.43 km2) | ||
| • Water | 41.21 sq mi (106.73 km2) | ||
| • Urban | 1,774 sq mi (4,595 km2) | ||
| • Metro | 4,511 sq mi (11,683 km2) | ||
| • CSA | 10,644 sq mi (27,568 km2) | ||
| Elevation | 141 ft (43 m) | ||
| Population [6][7][8][9] | |||
| • State Capital | 617,594 ('10 census) | ||
| • Density | 12,752/sq mi (4,924/km2) | ||
| • Urban | 4,032,484 ('00 census) | ||
| • Metro | 4,522,858 ('08 est.) | ||
| • CSA | 7,609,358 ('09 est.) | ||
| • Demonym | Bostonian | ||
| Time zone | EST (UTC-5) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) | ||
| ZIP code(s) |
53 total ZIP codes:[10]
|
||
| Area code(s) | 617 and 857 | ||
| FIPS code | 25-07000 | ||
| GNIS feature ID | 0617565 | ||
| Website | www.cityofboston.gov | ||
Boston (pronounced /ˈbɒstən/ or locally /ˈbɔstən/ (
listen)) is the capital of and largest city in Massachusetts,[11] and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region.[12] The city proper, covering only 48.43 square miles, had a population of 617,594 according to the 2010 U.S. Census.[6] Boston is also the anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area called Greater Boston, home to 4.5 million people and the tenth-largest metropolitan area in the country.[8] Greater Boston as a commuting region[13] is home to 7.6 million people, making it the fifth-largest Combined Statistical Area in the United States.[9][14]
In 1630, Puritan colonists from England founded the city on the Shawmut Peninsula.[15] During the late 18th century, Boston was the location of several major events during the American Revolution, including the Boston Massacre and the Boston Tea Party. Several early battles of the American Revolution, such as the Battle of Bunker Hill and the Siege of Boston, occurred within the city and surrounding areas. Through land reclamation and municipal annexation, Boston has expanded beyond the peninsula. After American independence was attained Boston became a major shipping port and manufacturing center,[15] and its rich history now helps attract many tourists, with Faneuil Hall alone attracting over 20 million every year.[16] The city was the site of several firsts, including America's first public school, Boston Latin School (1635),[17] and the first subway system in the United States (1897).[18]
With many colleges and universities within the city and surrounding area, Boston is an international center of higher education and a center for medicine.[19] The city's economic base includes research, manufacturing, finance, and biotechnology.[20] As a result, the city is a leading finance center, ranking 12th in the Z/Yen top 20 Global Financial Centers.[21] The city was also ranked number one for innovation, both globally and in North America,[22] for a variety of reasons.[23][24] Boston has one of the highest costs of living in the United States,[25] though it remains high on world livability rankings, ranking third in the US and 36th globally.[26]
Contents |
History[link]
Main article: History of Boston
See also: Timeline of Boston history
Boston was founded on September 17, 1630, by Puritan colonists from England.[15] The Puritans of the Massachusetts Bay Colony are sometimes confused with the Pilgrims, who founded Plymouth Colony ten years earlier in what is today Bristol County, Plymouth County, and Barnstable County, Massachusetts. The two groups, which differed in religious practice, are historically distinct. The separate colonies were not united until the formation of the Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1691.
The Shawmut Peninsula was connected to the mainland by a narrow isthmus and was surrounded by the waters of Massachusetts Bay and the Back Bay, an estuary of the Charles River. Several prehistoric Native American archaeological sites that were excavated in the city have shown that the peninsula was inhabited as early as 5000 BC.[27] Boston's early European settlers first called the area Trimountaine, but later renamed the town after Boston in Lincolnshire, England, from which several prominent colonists had emigrated. Massachusetts Bay Colony's original governor, John Winthrop, gave a famous sermon entitled "A Model of Christian Charity", popularly known as the "City on a Hill" sermon, which espoused the idea that Boston had a special covenant with God. (Winthrop also led the signing of the Cambridge Agreement, which is regarded as a key founding document of the city.) Puritan ethics molded a stable and well-structured society in Boston. For example, shortly after Boston's settlement, Puritans founded America's first public school, Boston Latin School (1635),[17] and America's oldest school in continuous existence, Roxbury Latin School (1645). Over the next 130 years, Boston participated in four French and Indian Wars, until the British defeated the French and their native allies in North America. Boston was the largest town in British North America until Philadelphia grew larger in the mid 18th century.[28]
In the 1770s, British attempts to exert more-stringent control on the thirteen colonies—primarily via taxation—led to the American Revolution.[15] The Boston Massacre, the Boston Tea Party, and several early battles—including the Battle of Lexington and Concord, the Battle of Bunker Hill, and the Siege of Boston—occurred in or near the city. During this period, Paul Revere made his famous midnight ride. After the Revolution, Boston had become one of the world's wealthiest international trading ports because of the city's consolidated seafaring tradition. Exports included rum, fish, salt, and tobacco.[29] During this era, descendants of old Boston families were regarded as the nation's social and cultural elites; they were later dubbed the Boston Brahmins.[30]
The Embargo Act of 1807, adopted during the Napoleonic Wars, and the War of 1812 significantly curtailed Boston's harbor activity. Although foreign trade returned after these hostilities, Boston's merchants had found alternatives for their capital investments in the interim. Manufacturing became an important component of the city's economy, and by the mid-19th century, the city's industrial manufacturing overtook international trade in economic importance. Until the early 20th century, Boston remained one of the nation's largest manufacturing centers and was notable for its garment production and leather-goods industries.[16] A network of small rivers bordering the city and connecting it to the surrounding region made for easy shipment of goods and led to a proliferation of mills and factories. Later, a dense network of railroads facilitated the region's industry and commerce. From the mid-19th to late 19th century, Boston flourished culturally. It became renowned for its rarefied literary culture and lavish artistic patronage.[31][32]
Boston also became a center of the abolitionist movement.[33] The city reacted strongly to the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850,[34] which contributed to President Franklin Pierce's attempt to make an example of Boston after the Burns Fugitive Slave Case.[35][36]
In 1822,[37] the citizens of Boston voted to change the official name from "the Town of Boston" to "the City of Boston", and on March 4, 1822, the people of Boston accepted the charter incorporating the City.[38] At the time Boston was chartered as a city, the population was about 46,226, while the area of the city was only 4.7 square miles (12 km2).[38] In the 1820s, Boston's population began to swell, and the city's ethnic composition changed dramatically with the first wave of European immigrants. Irish immigrants dominated the first wave of newcomers during this period, especially following the Irish potato famine. By 1850, about 35,000 Irish lived in Boston.[39] In the latter half of the 19th century, the city saw increasing numbers of Irish, Germans, Lebanese, Syrians,[40] French Canadians, and Russian and Polish Jews settle in the city. By the end of the 19th century, Boston's core neighborhoods had become enclaves of ethnically distinct immigrants—Italians inhabited the North End, Irish dominated South Boston and Charlestown, and Russian Jews lived in the West End. Irish and Italian immigrants brought with them Roman Catholicism. Currently, Catholics make up Boston's largest religious community,[41] and since the early 20th century, the Irish have played a major role in Boston politics—prominent figures include the Kennedys, Tip O'Neill, and John F. Fitzgerald.[30]
Between 1631 and 1890, the city tripled its physical size by land reclamation—by filling in marshes, mud flats, and gaps between wharves along the waterfront[42] —a process that Walter Muir Whitehill called "cutting down the hills to fill the coves". The largest reclamation efforts took place during the 19th century. Beginning in 1807, the crown of Beacon Hill was used to fill in a 50-acre (20 ha) mill pond that later became the Haymarket Square area. The present-day State House sits atop this lowered Beacon Hill. Reclamation projects in the middle of the century created significant parts of the South End, the West End, the Financial District, and Chinatown. After The Great Boston Fire of 1872, workers used building rubble as landfill along the downtown waterfront. During the mid-to-late 19th century, workers filled almost 600 acres (2.4 km2) of brackish Charles River marshlands west of Boston Common with gravel brought by rail from the hills of Needham Heights. Also, the city annexed the adjacent towns of South Boston (1804), East Boston (1836), Roxbury (1868), Dorchester (including present day Mattapan and a portion of South Boston) (1870), Brighton (including present day Allston) (1874), West Roxbury (including present day Jamaica Plain and Roslindale) (1874), Charlestown (1874), and Hyde Park (1912).[43][44] Other proposals, for the annexation of Brookline, Cambridge,[45] and Chelsea,[46][47] have been unsuccessful.
On January 15, 1919, in the North End neighborhood, a large molasses storage tank burst, and a wave of molasses rushed through the streets at an estimated 35 mph (56 km/h), killing 21 and injuring 150. The event has entered local folklore, known as The Boston Molasses Disaster.[48]
By the early and mid-20th century, the city was in decline as factories became old and obsolete, and businesses moved out of the region for cheaper labor elsewhere.[15] Boston responded by initiating various urban renewal projects under the direction of the Boston Redevelopment Authority (BRA), which was established in 1957. In 1958, BRA initiated a project to improve the historic West End neighborhood. Extensive demolition was met with vociferous public opposition.[49] BRA subsequently reevaluated its approach to urban renewal in its future projects, including the construction of Government Center. In 1965, the first Community Health Center in the United States opened, the Columbia Point Health Center, in the Dorchester neighborhood. It mostly served the massive Columbia Point public housing complex adjoining it, which was built in 1953. The health center is still in operation and was rededicated in 1990 as the Geiger-Gibson Community Health Center.[50]
By the 1970s, the city's economy boomed after 30 years of economic downturn. A large number of high rises were constructed in the Financial District and in Boston's Back Bay during this time period. This boom continued into the mid-1980s and later began again. Boston now has the second largest skyline in the Northeast (after New York) in terms of the number of buildings reaching a height of over 500 feet (150 m). Hospitals such as Massachusetts General Hospital, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and Brigham and Women's Hospital lead the nation in medical innovation and patient care. Schools such as Boston University, the Harvard Medical School, Northeastern University, Wentworth Institute of Technology and Boston Conservatory attract students to the area. Nevertheless, the city experienced conflict starting in 1974 over desegregation busing, which resulted in unrest and violence around public schools throughout the mid-1970s. In 1984, the City of Boston gave control of the Columbia Point public housing complex to a private developer, who redeveloped and revitalized the property from its rundown and dangerous state into an attractive residential mixed-income community called Harbor Point Apartments, which opened in 1988 and was completed by 1990. It was the first federal housing project to be converted to private, mixed-income housing in the United States, and served as a model for the federal HUD HOPE VI public housing revitalization program that began in 1992.[51]
In the early 21st century, the city has become an intellectual, technological, and political center. It has, however, experienced a loss of regional institutions,[53] which included the acquisition of The Boston Globe by The New York Times, and the loss to mergers and acquisitions of local financial institutions such as FleetBoston Financial, which was acquired by Charlotte-based Bank of America in 2004. Boston-based department stores Jordan Marsh and Filene's have both been merged into the New York–based Macy's. Boston has also experienced gentrification in the latter half of the 20th century,[54] with housing prices increasing sharply since the 1990s.[25] Living expenses have risen, and Boston has one of the highest costs of living in the United States,[55] and was ranked the 99th most expensive major city in the world in a 2008 survey of 143 cities.[56] Despite cost of living issues, Boston ranks high on livability ratings, ranking 36th worldwide in quality of living in 2011 in a survey of 221 major cities.[57]
Geography[link]
Owing to its early founding, Boston is very compact. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 89.6 square miles (232.1 km2)—48.4 square miles (125.4 km2) (54.0%) of land and 41.2 square miles (106.7 km2) (46.0%) of water. Boston is the country's third most densely populated city that is not a part of a larger city's metropolitan area.[58] This is largely attributable to the rarity of annexation by New England towns. Boston is surrounded by the "Greater Boston" region and is bordered by the cities and towns of Winthrop, Revere, Chelsea, Everett, Somerville, Cambridge, Watertown, Newton, Brookline, Needham, Dedham, Canton, Milton, and Quincy. The Charles River separates Boston proper from Cambridge, Watertown, and the neighborhood of Charlestown. To the east lies Boston Harbor and the Boston Harbor Islands National Recreation Area (BHINRA). This includes part of the city's territory, specifically Calf Island, Gallops Island, Great Brewster Island, Green Island, Little Brewster Island, Little Calf Island, Long Island, Lovells Island, Middle Brewster Island, Nixes Mate, Outer Brewster Island, Rainsford Island, Shag Rocks, Spectacle Island, The Graves, and Thompson Island. The Neponset River forms the boundary between Boston's southern neighborhoods and the city of Quincy and the town of Milton.[59] The Mystic River separates Charlestown from Chelsea and Everett, and Chelsea Creek and Boston Harbor separate East Boston from Boston proper.[60] Boston's official elevation, as measured at Logan International Airport, is 19 ft (5.8 m) above sea level.[61] The highest point in Boston is Bellevue Hill at 330 ft (101 m) above sea level, and the lowest point is at sea level.[62] Boston is the only state capital in the contiguous United States with an ocean coastline.
Much of the Back Bay and South End neighborhoods are built on reclaimed land—all of the earth from two of Boston's three original hills, the "Trimountain", was used as landfill material. Pemberton Hill, which would become Pemberton Square in the Government Center neighborhood, and Mount Vernon, were leveled completely. Only Beacon Hill—the smallest of the three original hills—remains partially intact; only half of its height was cut down for landfill. Tremont Street is named after the three hills. The downtown area and immediate surroundings consist mostly of low-rise brick or stone buildings, with many older buildings in the Federal style. Several of these buildings mix in with modern high-rises, notably in the Financial District, Government Center, the South Boston waterfront, and Back Bay, which includes many prominent landmarks such as the Boston Public Library, Christian Science Center, Copley Square, Newbury Street, and New England's two tallest buildings—the John Hancock Tower and the Prudential Center.[63]
Near the John Hancock Tower is the old John Hancock Building with its prominent weather forecast beacon—the color of the illuminated light gives an indication of weather to come: "steady blue, clear view; flashing blue, clouds are due; steady red, rain ahead; flashing red, snow instead". (In the summer, flashing red indicates instead that a Red Sox game has been rained out.) Smaller commercial areas are interspersed among single-family homes and wooden/brick multi-family row houses. Currently, the South End Historic District remains the largest surviving contiguous Victorian-era neighborhood in the U.S.[64] Along with downtown, the geography of South Boston was particularly impacted by the Central Artery/Tunnel (CA/T) Project (or the "Big Dig"). The unstable reclaimed land in South Boston posed special problems for the project's tunnels. In the downtown area, the CA/T Project allowed for the removal of the unsightly elevated Central Artery and the incorporation of new green spaces and open areas.
Boston Common, located near the Financial District and Beacon Hill, is the oldest public park in the United States.[66] Along with the adjacent Boston Public Garden, it is part of the Emerald Necklace, a string of parks designed by Frederick Law Olmsted to encircle the city. Jamaica Pond, part of the Emerald Necklace, is the largest body of freshwater in the city. Franklin Park, which is also part of the Emerald Necklace, is the city's largest park and houses the Franklin Park Zoo.[67] Another major park is the Esplanade, located along the banks of the Charles River. The Hatch Shell, an outdoor concert venue, is located adjacent to the Charles River Esplanade. Other parks are scattered throughout the city, with the major parks and beaches located near Castle Island (not part of the BHINRA, and now connected to the mainland); in Charlestown; and along the Dorchester, South Boston, and East Boston shorelines.
Neighborhoods[link]
Main article: Neighborhoods in Boston
Boston is sometimes called a "city of neighborhoods" because of the profusion of diverse subsections. There are 21 official neighborhoods in Boston used by the city.[68] These neighborhoods include: Allston/Brighton, Back Bay, Bay Village, Beacon Hill, Charlestown, Chinatown/Leather District, Dorchester, Downtown/Financial District, East Boston, Fenway/Kenmore, Hyde Park, Jamaica Plain, Mattapan, Mission Hill, North End, Roslindale, Roxbury, South Boston, South End, West End, and West Roxbury.
Climate[link]
Boston has a climate that is continental in nature but with maritime influences owing to its coastal location, a phenomenon common to coastal southern New England. The climate is either classified as a humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), using the −3 °C (26.6 °F) isotherm of the original Köppen scheme, or a humid continental climate (Köppen 'Dfa), using the 0 °C (32 °F) isotherm preferred by some climatologists.
Summers are typically warm, rainy, and humid, while winters are cold, windy, and snowy. Spring and fall are usually mild, but conditions are widely varied, depending on wind direction and jet stream positioning. Prevailing wind patterns that blow offshore affect Boston, minimizing the influence of the Atlantic Ocean.
The hottest month is July, with a mean temperature of 73.9 °F (23.3 °C). The coldest month is January, with a mean of 29.3 °F (−1.5 °C). Periods exceeding 90 °F (32 °C) in summer and below 10 °F (−12 °C) in winter are not uncommon but rarely extended, with about 13 days per year seeing the former extreme,[69] and the most recent subzero reading occurring on January 24, 2011.[70] Extremes have ranged from −18 to 104 °F (-28 to 40 °C), recorded on February 9, 1934 and July 4, 1911, respectively.[70]
Boston's coastal location on the North Atlantic, although it moderates temperatures, also makes the city very prone to Nor'easter weather systems that can produce much snow and rain.[71] The city averages 42.5 inches (1,080 mm) of precipitation a year, with 41.8 inches (106 cm) of snowfall a year. Snowfall increases dramatically as one goes inland away from the city (especially north and west of the city)—away from the warming influence of the ocean.[72] Most snowfall occurs from December through March. There is usually little or no snow in April and November, and snow is rare in May and October.[73][74]
Fog is prevalent, particularly in spring and early summer, and the occasional tropical storm or hurricane can threaten the region, especially in early autumn. Due to its situation along the North Atlantic, the city is often subjected to sea breezes, especially in the late spring, when water temperatures are still quite cold and temperatures at the coast can be more than 20 °F (11 °C) colder than a few miles inland, sometimes dropping by that amount near midday.[75][76] From May to September, the city experiences thunderstorms that are occasionally severe; large hail, damaging winds and heavy downpours accompany such severe events. Although downtown Boston has never been struck by a violent tornado, the city itself has seen its fair share of tornado warnings, but damaging storms are more common to areas north, west, and northwest of the city.
| Climate data for Boston (1981-2010 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 72 (22) |
70 (21) |
89 (32) |
94 (34) |
97 (36) |
100 (38) |
104 (40) |
102 (39) |
102 (39) |
90 (32) |
83 (28) |
76 (24) |
104 (40) |
| Average high °F (°C) | 36.3 (2.4) |
39.2 (4.0) |
45.9 (7.7) |
56.1 (13.4) |
66.4 (19.1) |
76.4 (24.7) |
81.8 (27.7) |
80.1 (26.7) |
72.8 (22.7) |
61.9 (16.6) |
52.0 (11.1) |
41.7 (5.4) |
59.22 (15.12) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 22.3 (−5.4) |
24.8 (−4.0) |
31.2 (−0.4) |
40.7 (4.8) |
50.0 (10.0) |
59.6 (15.3) |
65.5 (18.6) |
64.7 (18.2) |
57.5 (14.2) |
46.6 (8.1) |
38.1 (3.4) |
28.3 (−2.1) |
44.11 (6.73) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −13 (−25) |
−18 (−28) |
−8 (−22) |
13 (−11) |
31 (−1) |
41 (5) |
50 (10) |
46 (8) |
34 (1) |
25 (−4) |
−2 (−19) |
−17 (−27) |
−18 (−28) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 3.36 (85.3) |
3.25 (82.6) |
4.32 (109.7) |
3.74 (95) |
3.48 (88.4) |
3.68 (93.5) |
3.43 (87.1) |
3.29 (83.6) |
3.44 (87.4) |
3.94 (100.1) |
3.99 (101.3) |
3.78 (96) |
43.7 (1,110) |
| Snowfall inches (cm) | 14.0 (35.6) |
11.3 (28.7) |
7.8 (19.8) |
1.9 (4.8) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
1.3 (3.3) |
8.8 (22.4) |
45.1 (114.6) |
| Avg. precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 11.3 | 9.8 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 12.0 | 10.8 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 10.6 | 11.6 | 125.9 |
| Avg. snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 6.8 | 5.3 | 4.2 | .8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | .1 | .8 | 4.6 | 22.6 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 164.3 | 169.5 | 213.9 | 228.0 | 266.6 | 288.0 | 300.7 | 275.9 | 237.0 | 207.7 | 144.0 | 142.6 | 2,638.2 |
| Source: NOAA [77] HKO (sun, 1961–1990),[78] ThreadEx (records, 1872–2009)[70] | |||||||||||||
Demographics[link]
| Historical populations | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1722 | 10,567 | — |
| 1765 | 15,520 | +46.9% |
| 1790 | 18,320 | +18.0% |
| 1800 | 24,937 | +36.1% |
| 1810 | 33,787 | +35.5% |
| 1820 | 43,298 | +28.1% |
| 1830 | 61,392 | +41.8% |
| 1840 | 93,383 | +52.1% |
| 1850 | 136,881 | +46.6% |
| 1860 | 177,840 | +29.9% |
| 1870 | 250,526 | +40.9% |
| 1880 | 362,839 | +44.8% |
| 1890 | 448,477 | +23.6% |
| 1900 | 560,892 | +25.1% |
| 1910 | 670,585 | +19.6% |
| 1920 | 748,060 | +11.6% |
| 1930 | 781,188 | +4.4% |
| 1940 | 770,816 | −1.3% |
| 1950 | 801,444 | +4.0% |
| 1960 | 697,197 | −13.0% |
| 1970 | 641,071 | −8.1% |
| 1980 | 562,994 | −12.2% |
| 1990 | 574,283 | +2.0% |
| 2000 | 589,141 | +2.6% |
| 2010 | 617,594 | +4.8% |
| * = population estimate. Source: United States Census records and Population Estimates Program data.[79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89] |
||
According to the 2000 United States Census,[90] there were 589,141 people, 239,528 households, and 115,212 families residing in the city. When including the Greater Boston region, rather than just the city itself, the total is approximately 4.5 million. Boston's population density was 12,166 people per square mile (4,697/km2). There were 251,935 housing units at an average density of 5,203 per square mile (2,009/km2). The 2010 U.S. Census population count for the city was 617,594,[6] a 4.8% increase over 2000. During weekdays, the population of Boston can grow during the daytime to over 1.2 million, and can reach as many as 2 million during special events. This fluctuation of people is caused by hundreds of thousands of suburban residents who travel to the city for work, education, health care, and special events.[91]
In the city, the population was spread out with 19.8% under the age of 18, 16.2% from 18 to 24, 35.8% from 25 to 44, 17.8% from 45 to 64, and 10.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.2 males.[92] There were 239,528 households, of which 22.7% had children under the age of 18 living in them, 27.4% were married couples living together, 16.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.9% were non-families. 37.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 3.17.[92]
The median income for a household in the city was $39,629, and the median income for a family was $44,151. Males had a median income of $37,435 versus $32,421 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,353. 19.5% of the population and 15.3% of families are below the poverty line. Of the total population, 25.6% of those under the age of 18 and 18.2% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.[93]
In 1950, whites represented 94.7% of Boston's population.[94] From the 1950s to the end of the 20th century, the proportion of non-Hispanic whites in the city declined; in 2000, non-Hispanic whites made up 49.5% of the city's population, making the city majority-minority for the first time. However, in recent years the city has experienced significant gentrification, in which affluent whites have moved into formerly non-white areas. Meanwhile, the city's black population has decreased. In 2006, the U.S. Census Bureau estimated that non-Hispanic whites again formed a slight majority. But as of 2010, in part due to the housing crash, as well as increased efforts to make more affordable housing more available the minority population has rebounded. This may also have to do with an increased Latino population and more clarity surrounding U.S. Census statistics, which indicate a Non-Hispanic White population of 47 percent (some reports give slightly lower figures).[95][96][97]
According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the racial composition of Boston was as follows:[98]
- White: 53.9% (Non-Hispanic Whites: 47.0%)
- Black or African American: 22.4%
- Native American: 0.2%
- Asian: 8.9%
- Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander: 0.0%
- Some other race: 1.6%
- Two or more races: 2.4%
- Hispanic or Latino (of any race): 17.5%
People of Irish descent form the largest single ethnic group in the city, making up 15.8% of the population, followed by Italians, accounting for 8.3% of the population. People of West Indian ancestry are another sizable group, at 6.4%,[99] about half of whom are of Haitian ancestry. Some neighborhoods, such as Dorchester, have received an influx of people of Vietnamese ancestry in recent decades. Neighborhoods such as Jamaica Plain and Roslindale have experienced a growing number of Dominican Americans. The city and greater area also has a large immigration population of South Asians, including the tenth-largest Indian community in the country, with an estimated 62,598 Indians.[100]
The city also has a sizable Jewish population with an estimated 25,000 Jews within the city and 227,000 within the Boston metro area; the number of congregations in Boston is estimated at 22.[101][102] The adjacent communities of Brookline and Newton are both approximately one-third Jewish.[101]
Accent[link]
Main article: Boston accent
The "Boston accent" is widely parodied in the U.S. and the Kennedy family is often associated with it, though the Kennedys' speech is generally considered more an idiosyncratic mix of various accents such as Boston Brahman.[103][104][105] It is non-rhotic (i.e., drops the "r" sound at the end of syllables unless the next syllable starts with a vowel) and traditionally uses a "broad a" in certain words, so "bath" can sound like "bahth".[106] Boston English has many dialect words, such as "frappe", meaning "milkshake made with ice cream" (as opposed to other milkshakes).[107] The accent originated in the non-rhotic speech of 17th century East Anglia and Lincolnshire.[108]
Crime[link]
The city has seen a great reduction in violent crime since the early 1990s. Boston's low crime rate over the past decade or so has been credited to the Boston Police Department's collaboration with neighborhood groups and church parishes to prevent youths from joining gangs, as well as involvement from the United States Attorney and District Attorney's offices. This helped lead in part to what has been touted as the "Boston Miracle". Murders in the city dropped from 152 in 1990 (for a murder rate of 26.5 per 100,000 people) to just 31—not one of them a juvenile—in 1999 (for a murder rate of 5.26 per 100,000).[109]
In the 2000s (decade), however, the annual murder count has fluctuated by as much as 50% compared with the year before, with 60 murders in 2002, followed by just 39 in 2003, 64 in 2004, and 75 in 2005. Although the figures are nowhere near the high-water mark set in 1990, the aberrations in the murder rate have been unsettling for many Bostonians and have prompted discussion over whether the Boston Police Department should reevaluate its approach to fighting crime.[109][110][111]
Economy[link]
See also: Major companies in Greater Boston
Encompassing $363 billion, the Greater Boston metropolitan area has the sixth-largest economy in the country and 12th-largest in the world.[113]
Boston's colleges and universities have a significant effect on the regional economy, with students contributing an estimated $4.8 billion annually to the city's economy.[114] Boston's schools are major employers and attract industries to the city and surrounding region. Boston is home to a number of technology companies and is a hub for biotechnology, with the Milken Institute rating Boston as the top life sciences cluster in the country.[115] Boston also receives the highest absolute amount of annual funding from the National Institutes of Health of all cities in the United States.[116]
Tourism comprises a large part of Boston's economy. In 2004, tourists spent $7.9 billion and made the city one of the ten-most-popular tourist locations in the country.[16] Because of Boston's status as a state capital and the regional home of federal agencies, law and government are another major component of the city's economy.[16] The city is also a major seaport along the United States' East Coast and is also the oldest continuously operated industrial and fishing port in the Western Hemisphere.[117]
Some of the other important industries are financial services, especially mutual funds and insurance.[16] Boston-based Fidelity Investments helped popularize the mutual fund in the 1980s and has made Boston one of the top financial cities in the United States. The city is home to the regional headquarters of Bank of America and Sovereign Bank, and it is a center for venture capital firms. State Street Corporation, which specializes in asset management and custody services, is based in the city. A 2008 study ranked Boston among the top 10 cities in the world for a career in finance.[118] Boston is a printing and publishing center — Houghton Mifflin is headquartered within the city, along with Bedford-St. Martin's Press, Beacon Press, and Little, Brown and Company. Pearson PLC publishing units also employ several hundred people in Boston. The city is home to three major convention centers—the Hynes Convention Center in the Back Bay, and the Seaport World Trade Center and Boston Convention and Exhibition Center on the South Boston waterfront.
Some of the major companies headquartered within the city are the Liberty Mutual insurance company, Gillette (now owned by Procter & Gamble), and New Balance. Boston is also home to management consulting firms The Boston Consulting Group and Bain & Company, as well as the private equity group Bain Capital.[119] Other major companies are located outside the city, especially along Route 128,[120] which serves as the center of the region's high-tech industry. In 2006, Boston and its metropolitan area ranked as the fourth-largest cybercity in the United States with 191,700 high-tech jobs. Only NYC Metro, DC Metro, and Silicon Valley have larger high-tech sectors.[121]
Boston is classified as an "incipient global city" by a 2004 study group at Loughborough University in England.[122] Classified as an Alpha-global city by GaWC studies, comparable to Vienna, Dublin, or Istanbul, Boston is placed among the top 30 cities in the world.[citation needed]
Culture[link]
Main article: Culture in Boston
See also: Annual events in Boston, List of arts organizations in Boston, and Sites of interest in Boston
Boston shares many cultural roots with greater New England, including a dialect of the non-rhotic Eastern New England accent known as Boston English, and a regional cuisine with a large emphasis on seafood, salt, and dairy products. Irish Americans are a major influence on Boston's politics and religious institutions. Boston also has its own collection of neologisms known as Boston slang.[123]
The city has a number of ornate theatres, including the Cutler Majestic Theatre, Boston Opera House, Citi Performing Arts Center, the Colonial Theater, and the Orpheum Theatre. Renowned performing-arts organizations include the Boston Symphony Orchestra, Boston Ballet, Boston Early Music Festival, Boston Lyric Opera Company, OperaBoston, and the Handel and Haydn Society (one of the oldest choral companies in the United States).[125] The city is also a major center for contemporary classical music, with a number of performing groups, some of which are associated with the city's conservatories and universities. There are also many major annual events such as First Night, which occurs on New Year's Eve, the annual Boston Arts Festival at Christopher Columbus Waterfront Park, Italian summer feasts in the North End honoring Catholic saints, and several events during the Fourth of July period. These events include the week-long Harborfest festivities[126] and a Boston Pops concert accompanied by fireworks on the banks of the Charles River.[127]
Because of the city's prominent role in the American Revolution, several historic sites relating to that period are preserved as part of the Boston National Historical Park. Many are found along the Freedom Trail, which is marked by a red line of bricks embedded in the ground. The city is also home to several prominent art museums, including the Museum of Fine Arts and the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum. In December 2006, the Institute of Contemporary Art moved from its Back Bay location to a new contemporary building designed by Diller Scofidio + Renfro located in the Seaport District. The University of Massachusetts campus at Columbia Point houses the John F. Kennedy Library. The Boston Athenaeum (one of the oldest independent libraries in the United States),[128] Boston Children's Museum, Bull & Finch Pub (whose building is known from the television show Cheers), Museum of Science, and the New England Aquarium are within the city.
File:Quincy Market, Boston, USA.jpg
Quincy Market, part of the larger Faneuil Hall festival marketplace
Boston is also one of the birthplaces of the hardcore punk genre of music. Boston musicians have contributed significantly to this music scene over the years (see also Boston hardcore). Boston neighborhoods were home to one of the leading local third wave ska and ska punk scenes in the 1990s, led by bands such as The Mighty Mighty Bosstones and The Allstonians. The 1980s' hardcore punk-rock compilation This Is Boston, Not L.A. highlights some of the bands that built the genre. Several nightclubs, such as The Channel, Bunnratty's in Allston, and The Rathskeller, were renowned for showcasing both local punk-rock bands and those from farther afield. All of these clubs are now closed. Many were razed or converted during recent gentrification.[129]
Boston has been a noted religious center from its earliest days. The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston serves nearly 300 parishes and is based in the Cathedral of the Holy Cross (1875) in the South End, while the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts, with the Cathedral Church of St. Paul (1819) as its episcopal seat, serves just under 200 congregations. Two Protestant faiths are headquartered in Boston: Unitarian Universalism, with its headquarters on Beacon Hill, and the Christian Scientists, headquartered in Back Bay at the Mother Church (1894). The oldest church in Boston is King's Chapel, the city's first Anglican church, founded in 1686 and converted to Unitarianism in 1785. Other notable churches include Christ Church (better known as Old North Church, 1723), the oldest church building in the city, Trinity Church (1733), Park Street Church (1809), First Church in Boston (congregation founded 1630, building raised 1868), Old South Church (1874), and Basilica and Shrine of Our Lady of Perpetual Help on Mission Hill (1878).
Media[link]
Main article: Media in Boston
The Boston Globe (owned by The New York Times Company) and the Boston Herald are two of Boston's major daily newspapers. The city is also served by other publications such as The Boston Phoenix, Boston magazine, The Improper Bostonian, Boston's Weekly Dig, and the Boston edition of Metro. The Christian Science Monitor, headquartered in Boston, was formerly a worldwide daily newspaper but ended publication of daily print editions in 2009, switching to continuous online and weekly magazine format publications.[130] The Boston Globe also releases a teen publication to the city's public high schools. The newspaper Teens in Print or T.i.P. is written by the city's teens and delivered quarterly within the school year.[131]
The city's growing Latino population has given rise to a number of local and regional Spanish-language newspapers. These include El Planeta (owned by The Boston Phoenix), El Mundo, and La Semana. Siglo21, with its main offices in nearby Lawrence, is also widely distributed.
Boston has the largest broadcasting market in New England, with the Boston radio market being the eleventh largest in the United States.[132] Several major AM stations include talk radio WRKO 680 AM, sports/talk station WEEI 850 AM, and news radio WBZ 1030 AM. A variety of FM radio formats serve the area, as do NPR stations WBUR and WGBH. College and university radio stations include WERS (Emerson), WHRB (Harvard), WUMB (UMass Boston), WMBR (M.I.T.), WZBC (Boston College), WMFO (Tufts University), WBRS (Brandeis University), WTBU (Boston University, campus and web only), WRBB (Northeastern University) and WMLN (Curry College).
The Boston television DMA, which also includes Manchester, New Hampshire, is the seventh largest in the United States.[133] The city is served by stations representing every major American network, including WBZ 4 and its sister station WSBK 38 (the former with CBS, the latter an independent, nonaffiliated station), WCVB 5 (ABC), WHDH 7 (NBC), WFXT 25 (Fox), WUNI 27 (Univision), WBIN 50 (MyNetworkTV), and WLVI 56 (The CW). Boston is also home to PBS station WGBH 2, a major producer of PBS programs, which also operates WGBX 44. Most Boston television stations have their transmitters in nearby Needham and Newton along the Route 128 corridor.[134]
Sports[link]
Main article: Sports in Boston
Boston has teams in the four major North American professional sports leagues, and has won 33 championships in these leagues, as of 2011.[135]
The Boston Red Sox, a founding member of the American League of Major League Baseball in 1901, play their home games at Fenway Park, near Kenmore Square in the Fenway section of Boston. Built in 1912, it is the oldest sports arena or stadium in active use in the United States among the four major professional American sports leagues, encompassing Major League Baseball, the National Football League, National Basketball Association, and the National Hockey League.[136] Boston was also the site of the first game of the first modern World Series, in 1903. The series was played between the AL Champion Boston Americans and the NL champion Pittsburgh Pirates.[137][138] Persistent reports that the team was known in 1903 as the "Boston Pilgrims" appear to be unfounded.[139] Boston's first professional baseball team was the Red Stockings, one of the charter members of the National Association in 1871, and of the National League in 1876. The team played under that name until 1883, under the name Beaneaters until 1911, and under the name Braves from 1912 until they moved to Milwaukee after the 1952 season. Since 1966 they have played in Atlanta as the Atlanta Braves.[140]
The TD Garden formerly called the FleetCenter and originally called the Boston Garden is adjoined to North Station and is the home of three major league teams: the Boston Blazers of the National Lacrosse League, the 2011 Stanley Cup champion Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League; and the Boston Celtics of the National Basketball Association. The arena seats 18,624 for basketball games and 17,565 for ice hockey games. The Bruins were the first American member of the National Hockey League and an Original Six franchise.[141] The Boston Celtics were founding members of the Basketball Association of America, one of the two leagues that merged to form the NBA.[142] The Celtics have the distinction of having won more championships than any other NBA team, with seventeen.[143]
While they have played in suburban Foxborough since 1971, the New England Patriots were founded in 1960 as the Boston Patriots, changing their name in 1971 to better reflect its status as New England's team. A charter member of the American Football League, the team joined the National Football League in 1970. The team has won the Super Bowl three times, in 2001, 2003, and 2004.[144] They share Gillette Stadium with the New England Revolution of Major League Soccer. The Boston Breakers of Women's Professional Soccer, which formed in 2009, play their home games at Harvard Stadium in Allston.[145]
Boston's many colleges and universities are active in college athletics. Four NCAA Division I members play their games in the city—Boston College (Atlantic Coast Conference), Boston University (America East Conference), Harvard University (Ivy League), and Northeastern University (Colonial Athletic Association). Of the four, only Boston College participates in college football at the highest level, the Football Bowl Subdivision. Harvard participates in the second-highest level, the Football Championship Subdivision. Boston University and Northeastern University do not have football teams. All but Harvard belong to the Hockey East conference; Harvard belongs to the ECAC in hockey. The hockey teams of these four universities meet every year in a four-team tournament known as the "Beanpot Tournament", which is played at the TD Garden over two Monday nights in February.[146]
One of the best known sporting events in the city is the Boston Marathon, the 42.195-kilometre (26.219 mi) run from Hopkinton to Copley Square in the Back Bay which is the world's oldest annual marathon run.[147] It is run on Patriots' Day in April and always coincides with a Red Sox home baseball game that starts at 11:05 am, the only MLB game all year to start before noon local time.[148] Another major event held annually in the city is the Head of the Charles Regatta rowing competition on the Charles River.[149]
| Club | League | Sport | Venue | Established | Championships |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Boston Bruins | NHL | Hockey | TD Garden | 1924 | 6 Stanley Cups |
| Boston Celtics | NBA | Basketball | TD Garden | 1946 | 17 NBA Titles |
| Boston Red Sox | MLB | Baseball | Fenway Park | 1901 | 7 World Series Titles 12 AL Pennants |
| New England Patriots | NFL | Football | Gillette Stadium | 1960 | 3 Super Bowl Titles 7 AFC Championships |
| New England Revolution | MLS | Soccer | Gillette Stadium | 1995 | 1 U.S. Open Cup 1 Superliga |
| Boston Blazers | NLL | Lacrosse (Indoor) | TD Garden | 2008 | None |
| Boston Breakers | WPS | Soccer | Harvard Stadium | 2001 | None |
| Boston Cannons | MLL | Lacrosse (Outdoor) | Harvard Stadium | 2001 | 1 Steinfeld Cup |
| Boston Aztec | WPSL | Soccer | Amesbury Sports Park | 2005 | 1 WPSL Title |
| Boston Demons | USAFL | Australian Rules Football | Ipswich River Park | 1997 | 2 National Championships |
| Boston Militia | WFA | Football | Dilboy Stadium | 2008 | 2 Championships |
| New England Riptide | NPF | Softball | Martin Softball Field | 2004 | 1 Cowles Cup |
Government[link]
See also: Boston City Hall, Boston Emergency Medical Services, Boston Finance Commission, Boston Fire Department, List of mayors of Boston, and List of members of Boston City Council
Boston has a strong mayor – council government system in which the mayor is vested with extensive executive powers. The mayor is elected to a four-year term by plurality voting. The current mayor of Boston is Thomas Menino. He was elected in 1993 and was reelected in 2009 for a fifth term, the longest in Boston history. Boston City Council is elected every two years. There are nine district seats, each elected by the residents of that district through plurality voting, and four at-large seats. Each voter casts up to four votes for at-large councilors, with no more than one vote per candidate. The candidates with the four highest vote totals are elected. The president of the city council is elected by the councilors from within themselves. The school committee for the Boston Public Schools is appointed by the mayor.[150] The Boston Redevelopment Authority and the Zoning Board of Appeals (a seven-person body appointed by the mayor) share responsibility for land-use planning.[151]
In addition to city government, numerous commissions and state authorities—including the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, the Boston Public Health Commission, and the Massachusetts Port Authority (Massport)—play a role in the life of Bostonians. As the capital of Massachusetts, Boston plays a major role in state politics. The city has several properties relating to the United States federal government, including the John F. Kennedy Federal Office Building and the Thomas P. O'Neill Federal Building.[152] Boston also serves as the home of the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit and of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts; Boston is the headquarters of the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston (the First District of the Federal Reserve).
Federally, Boston is part of Massachusetts's 8th and 9th congressional districts,[153] represented respectively by Mike Capuano, elected in 1998, and Stephen Lynch, elected in 2001; both are Democrats. The state's senior member of the United States Senate is Democrat John Kerry, elected in 1984. The state's junior member of the United States Senate is Republican Scott Brown was elected in 2010 to fill the vacancy caused by the death of long-time Democratic senator Ted Kennedy.
| Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of October 15, 2008[154] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Number of Voters | Percentage | |||
| Democratic | 209,710 | 55.04% | |||
| Republican | 27,541 | 7.23% | |||
| Unaffiliated | 140,601 | 36.90% | |||
| Minor Parties | 3,161 | 0.83% | |||
| Total | 381,013 | 100% | |||
Education[link]
Boston's reputation as a higher education center derives in large part from the teaching and research activities of more than 100 colleges and universities located in the Greater Boston Area, with more than 250,000 students attending college in Boston and Cambridge alone.[155] Within the city, Boston University exudes a large presence as the city's fourth-largest employer,[156] and maintains a campus along the Charles River on Commonwealth Avenue and its medical campus in the South End. Northeastern University, another large private university, is located in the Fenway area, and is particularly known for its Engineering, Business and Health Science schools and cooperative education program. Suffolk University, the third largest university in Boston, is located in the Beacon Hill area, and is known for its law school and business school.[157][158] Boston College, a private Catholic Jesuit university, whose original campus was located in the South End, now straddles the Boston (Brighton)-Newton border, with planned expansions further into Brighton.[159] Boston's only public university is the University of Massachusetts Boston, located on Columbia Point in Dorchester. Roxbury Community College and Bunker Hill Community College are the city's two public community colleges.
Boston has several smaller private colleges and universities. Emmanuel College, Massachusetts College of Art and Design, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Simmons College, Wheelock College, and Wentworth Institute of Technology are founding members of the Colleges of the Fenway and are located adjacent to Northeastern University. New England School of Law, a small private law school located in the theater district, was originally established as America's first all female law school.[160] Emerson College, a small private college with a strong reputation in the fields of performing arts, journalism, writing, and film, is located near Boston Common.
Boston is also home to several conservatories and art schools, including The Art Institute of Boston (Lesley University), Massachusetts College of Art, New England Institute of Art, New England School of Art and Design (Suffolk University), and the New England Conservatory (the oldest independent conservatory in the United States).[161] Other conservatories include the Boston Conservatory, the School of the Museum of Fine Arts and Berklee College of Music.
Several universities located outside Boston have a major presence in the city. Harvard University, the nation's oldest, is located across the Charles River in Cambridge. Its business and medical schools are in Boston, and there are plans for additional expansion into Boston's Allston neighborhood.[162] The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), which originated in Boston and was long known as "Boston Tech", moved across the river to Cambridge in 1916. Tufts University administers its medical and dental school adjacent to the Tufts Medical Center, a 451-bed academic medical institution that is home to both a full-service hospital for adults and the Floating Hospital for Children. Tufts' main campus, including the renowned Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, is located just north of the city in Somerville and Medford.
Boston Public Schools, the oldest public school system in the U.S., enrolls 57,000 students from pre-kindergarten to grade 12.[17] The system operates 145 schools, which includes Boston Latin School (the oldest public school in the United States, established in 1635) which, along with Boston Latin Academy and John D. O'Bryant School of Math & Science, are highly prestigious public exam schools admitting students in the 7th and 9th grades only and serving grades 7–12), English High (the oldest public high school, established 1821), and the Mather School (the oldest public elementary school, established in 1639).[17] In 2002, Forbes Magazine ranked the Boston Public Schools as the best large city school system in the country, with a graduation rate of 82%.[163] In 2005, the student population within the school system was 45.5% Black or African American, 31.2% Hispanic or Latino, 14% White, and 9% Asian, as compared with 24%, 14%, 49%, and 8% respectively for the city as a whole.[164][165] The city also has private, parochial, and charter schools and approximately 3000 students of racial minorities attend participating suburban schools through the Metropolitan Educational Opportunity Council, or METCO.
Healthcare[link]
See also: List of hospitals in Boston
The Longwood Medical and Academic Area is a region of Boston with a concentration of medical and research facilities, including Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Children's Hospital Boston, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, and Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences.[166] Massachusetts General Hospital is near the Beacon Hill neighborhood, with the Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital nearby. St. Elizabeth's Medical Center is in Brighton Center of Boston's Brighton neighborhood. New England Baptist Hospital is in Mission Hill. Boston has Veterans Affairs medical centers in the Jamaica Plain and West Roxbury neighborhoods.[167] The Boston Public Health Commission, an agency of the Massachusetts government, oversees health concerns for Boston residents.[168]
Many of Boston's medical facilities are associated with universities. The facilities in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area and in Massachusetts General Hospital are well-known research medical centers affiliated with Harvard Medical School.[169] Tufts Medical Center (formerly Tufts-New England Medical Center), located in the southern portion of the Chinatown neighborhood, is affiliated with Tufts University School of Medicine. Boston Medical Center, located in the South End neighborhood, is the primary teaching facility for the Boston University School of Medicine as well as the largest trauma center in the Boston area;[170] it was formed by the merger of Boston University Hospital and Boston City Hospital, which was the first municipal hospital in the United States.[171]
Utilities[link]
Water supply and sewage-disposal services are provided by the Boston Water and Sewer Commission.[172] The Commission in turn purchases wholesale water and sewage disposal from the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority. The city's water comes from the Quabbin Reservoir and the Wachusett Reservoir, which are about 65 miles (105 km) and 35 miles (56 km) west of the city respectively.[173] Boston's tap water has been ranked among the best in the country,[174] and Boston is one of five cities in the country with tap water pure enough to be exempt from Environmental Protection Agency filtration requirements.[175] NSTAR is the exclusive electricity distributor to the city, though due to deregulation, customers now have a choice of electric generation companies. Natural gas is distributed by National Grid plc (originally KeySpan, the successor company to Boston Gas); only commercial and industrial customers may choose an alternate natural gas supplier.[176] Municipal steam services are provided by Veolia Energy North America and its subsidiary Trigen Energy Corporation;[177][178] which comprise the original assets of the defunct Boston Heating Company.[179][180]
Verizon, successor to New England Telephone, NYNEX, Bell Atlantic, and earlier, the Bell System, is the primary wired telephone service provider for the area. Phone service is also available from various national wireless companies. Cable television is available from Comcast and RCN, with broadband Internet access provided by the same companies in certain areas. A variety of DSL providers and resellers are able to provide broadband Internet over Verizon-owned phone lines.[181] Galaxy Internet Services (GIS) has also moved to the forefront to deploy municipal Wi-Fi broadband Internet throughout areas of the city of Boston.[182]
Transportation[link]
Main article: Transportation in Boston
Logan International Airport, located in the East Boston neighborhood, handles most of the scheduled passenger service for Boston.[183] Surrounding the city are three major general aviation relievers: Beverly Municipal Airport to the north, Hanscom Field in Bedford, to the west, and Norwood Memorial Airport to the south. T. F. Green Airport serving Providence, Rhode Island, Bradley International Airport outside of Hartford, Connecticut, and Manchester-Boston Airport in Manchester, New Hampshire, also provide scheduled passenger service to the Boston area.
Downtown Boston's streets were not organized on a grid, but grew in a meandering organic pattern from early in the 17th century. They were created as needed, and as wharves and landfill expanded the area of the small Boston peninsula.[184] Along with several rotaries, roads change names and lose and add lanes seemingly at random. By contrast, streets in the Back Bay, East Boston, the South End, and South Boston do follow a grid system.
Boston is the eastern terminus of cross-continent I-90, which in Massachusetts runs along the Massachusetts Turnpike. Originally known as the Circumferential Highway, Route 128 carries I-95 over a portion of its route west and north of the city. U.S. 1 and I-93 run concurrently north to south through the city from Charlestown to Dorchester, joined by Massachusetts Route 3 after the Zakim Bridge over the Charles River. The elevated portion of the Central Artery, which carried these routes through downtown Boston, was replaced with the O'Neill Tunnel during the Big Dig, substantially completed in early 2006.
With nearly a third of Bostonians using public transit for their commute to work, Boston has the fourth-highest rate of public transit usage in the country.[185] The Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA) operates what was the first underground rapid transit system in the United States and is now the fourth busiest rapid transit system in the country,[18] having been expanded to 65.5 miles (105 km) of track,[186] reaching as far north as Malden, as far south as Braintree, and as far west as Newton—collectively known as the "T". The MBTA also operates the nation's seventh busiest bus network, as well as water shuttles, and the nation's busiest commuter rail network outside of New York City or Chicago, totaling over 200 miles (320 km),[186] extending north to the Merrimack Valley, west to Worcester, and south to Providence.
Amtrak's Northeast Corridor and Chicago lines originate at South Station and stop at Back Bay. Fast Northeast Corridor trains, which serve New York City, Washington, D.C., and points in between, also stop at Route 128 Station in the southwestern suburbs of Boston.[187] Meanwhile, Amtrak's Downeaster service to Maine originates at North Station.[188]
Nicknamed "The Walking City," Boston hosts more pedestrian commuters than do other comparably populated cities. Owing to factors such as the compactness of the city and large student population, 13% of the population commutes by foot, making it the highest percentage of pedestrian commuters in the country out of the major American cities.[189] In 2011, Walk Score ranked Boston the third most walkable city in the United States.[190][191]
Between 1999 and 2006, Bicycling magazine named Boston as one of the worst cities in the U.S. for cycling three times;[192] regardless, it has one of the highest rates of bicycle commuting.[193] In September 2007, Mayor Menino started a bicycle program called Boston Bikes with a goal of improving bicycling conditions by adding bike lanes, racks, and offering bikeshare programs. In 2008, as a consequence the same magazine put Boston on its list of its "Five for the Future" list as a "Future Best City" for biking,[194][195] and Boston's bicycle commuting percentage increased from 1% in 2000 to 2.1% in 2009.[196] The bikeshare program, called Hubway, launched in late July 2011,[197] logging more than 140,000 rides before the close of its first season.[198] In tandem with the program, police announced intention to step up enforcement of traffic laws, both on drivers and bikers,[199] as part of an effort to improve safety and ameliorate the city's growing clash between bikers and motorists.[200][201][202] The neighboring cities of Cambridge, Somerville, and Brookline all intend to sign on to the Hubway program for launch in summer 2012.[203]
Sister cities[link]
Main article: Sister cities of Boston
Boston has eight official sister cities as recognized by Sister Cities International.[204] The date column indicates the year in which the relationship was established. Kyoto was Boston's first sister city.
| City | Country | Date | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kyoto |  Japan |
1959 | [205] |
| Strasbourg |  France |
1960 | [206][207] |
| Barcelona |  Spain |
1980 | [208][209] |
| Hangzhou |  People's Republic of China |
1982 | [204] |
| Padua |  Italy |
1983 | [210] |
| Melbourne |  Australia |
1985 | |
| Taipei |  Republic of China (Taiwan) |
1996 | [212] |
| Sekondi-Takoradi |  Ghana |
2001 | [204] |
Boston also has less formal friendship or partnership relationships with an additional three cities.
| City | Country | Date | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Boston |  United Kingdom |
1999 | [213][214] |
| Haifa |  Israel |
1999 | [215] |
| Valladolid | Spain |
2007 | [216] |
See also[link]
- Boston in fiction
- Boston nicknames
- List of diplomatic missions in Boston
- List of people from Boston
- List of songs about Boston
- List of tallest buildings in Boston
- List of television shows set in Boston
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Boston, Massachusetts
Notes[link]
- ^ a b c d e Dalager, Norman (August 10, 2006). "What's in a nickname?". Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/travel/boston/boston_nicknames/. Retrieved April 8, 2009.
- ^ a b "Boston Travel & Vacations". Britannia.com. 2006. http://www.britannia.com/travel/Market/boston-vacations.html. Retrieved April 8, 2009.
- ^ "Massachusetts by Place and County Subdivision". American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 1. http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-context=gct&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-CONTEXT=gct&-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1R_US12S&-tree_id=4001&-redoLog=true&-_caller=geoselect&-geo_id=04000US25&-format=ST-7. Retrieved April 29, 2009.
- ^ "United States by Urbanized Area; and for Puerto Rico". American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 1. http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-context=gct&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1R_US12S&-CONTEXT=gct&-tree_id=808&-redoLog=true&-geo_id=&-format=US-12. Retrieved April 29, 2009.
- ^ "United States by County by State, and for Puerto Rico". American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau, Census 2000 Summary File 1. http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/GCTTable?_bm=y&-context=gct&-ds_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U&-mt_name=DEC_2000_SF1_U_GCTPH1_US25&-CONTEXT=gct&-tree_id=808&-redoLog=true&-geo_id=&-format=US-25. Retrieved April 29, 2009.
- ^ a b c "Population and Housing Occupancy Status: 2010 – State – County Subdivision, 2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File". U.S. Census Bureau. http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST16&prodType=table. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
- ^ "Alphabetically sorted list of Census 2000 Urbanized Areas" (TXT). United States Census Bureau, Geography Division. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/ua/ua2k.txt. Retrieved April 11, 2009.
- ^ a b "Metropolitan and micropolitan statistical area population and estimated components of change: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2008 (CBSA-EST2008-alldata)" (CSV). United States Census Bureau, Population Division. Archived from the original on March 22, 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090322152859/http://www.census.gov/popest/metro/files/2008/CBSA-EST2008-alldata.csv. Retrieved April 11, 2009.
- ^ a b "Combined statistical area population and estimated components of change: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2008 (CSA-EST2008-alldata)" (CSV). United States Census Bureau, Population Division. http://www.census.gov/popest/metro/files/2008/CSA-EST2008-alldata.csv. Retrieved April 11, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ "ZIP Code Lookup – Search By City". United States Postal Service. http://zip4.usps.com/zip4/citytown.jsp. Retrieved April 20, 2009.
- ^ "massachusetts". infoplease. http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0108225.html. Retrieved January 15, 2012.
- ^ Steinbicker, Earl (2000). 50 one day adventures—Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Vermont, Maine, and New Hampshire.. Hastings House/Daytrips Publishers. p. 7. ISBN 0-8038-2008-9.
- ^ "Boston Worcester Manchester Demographic Profile: Region 19". Federal Transit Administration. January 31, 2007. http://www.fta.dot.gov/documents/Boston_Worchester_Manchester_DemographicProfile19.doc. Retrieved August 30, 2010. 21 pp.
- ^ "Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MA-RI-NH Combined Statistical Area". U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. Census Bureau. 2007. http://www.census.gov/econ/census07/pdf/maps/ma/metro/33000us148m.pdf. Retrieved June 20, 2009. Included in the CSA: MA counties: Bristol, Essex, Middlesex, Norfolk, Plymouth, Suffolk and Worcester; NH counties: Belknap, Hillsborough, Merrimack, Rockingham and Strafford; RI counties (entire state): Bristol, Kent, Newport, Providence and Washington (South County)
- ^ a b c d e Banner, David. "Boston History – The History of Boston, Massachusetts". SearchBoston. http://www.searchboston.com/articles/history.html. Retrieved April 20, 2009.
- ^ a b c d e "Boston Tourism". Thomson Gale (Thomson Corporation). 2006. http://www.thetravelerszone.com/travel-destinations/top-25-most-visited-tourist-destinations-in-america/. Retrieved April 28, 2007.
- ^ a b c d "BPS at a Glance". Boston Public Schools. March 14, 2007. Archived from the original on April 3, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070403011648/http://boston.k12.ma.us/bps/bpsglance.asp. Retrieved April 28, 2007.
- ^ a b Fagundes, David; Grant, Anthony (April 28, 2003). The Rough Guide to Boston. Rough Guides. ISBN 1-84353-044-9.
- ^ Banner, David. "Going to College in Boston". SearchBoston. http://www.searchboston.com/articles/college.html. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
- ^ "Boston City Guide". World Travel Guide. http://www.worldtravelguide.net/city/16/city_guide/North-America/Boston.html. Retrieved April 8, 2009.
- ^ [1] Z/Yen Group'.' Retrieved April 24, 2011.
- ^ "The top 100 cities of the global innovation economy". 2THINKNOW. September 1, 2010. http://www.innovation-cities.com/innovation-cities-top-100-index-top-cities/.
- ^ "Boston: The City of Innovation". TalentCulture. http://www.talentculture.com/feature/boston-the-city-of-innovation/. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ Kirsner, Scott (July 20, 2010). "Boston is #1...But will we hold on to the top spot? – Innovation Economy". Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/business/technology/innoeco/2010/07/boston_is_1but_will_we_hold_on.html. Retrieved August 30, 2010.
- ^ a b Heudorfer, Bonnie; Bluestone, Barry (2004). "The Greater Boston Housing Report Card" (PDF). Center for Urban and Regional Policy (CURP), Northeastern University. p. 6. http://www.tbf.org/uploadedFiles/Housing%20Report%20Card%202004.pdf. Retrieved February 19, 2007.
- ^ "Quality of Living global city rankings 2010 – Mercer survey". Mercer. May 26, 2010. http://www.mercer.com/referencecontent.htm?idContent=1173105. Retrieved August 20, 2011.
- ^ "Archaeology of the Central Artery Project: Highway to the Past". Commonwealth Museum – Massachusetts Historical Commission. 2007. http://www.sec.state.ma.us/mhc/mhcexh/exhidx.htm. Retrieved April 6, 2007.
- ^ ""Growth" to Boston in its Heyday, 1640s to 1730s" (PDF). Boston History & Innovation Collaborative. 2006. http://www.bostonhistorycollaborative.org/pdf/Era2.pdf. Retrieved May 8, 2007.
- ^ "Colonial Boston". University Archives. Archived from the original on February 7, 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20090207181331/http://www.universityarchives.com/browse.asp?sn=39159-001&show=True&thumbnails=True. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ a b "Boston, Massachusetts". U-S-History.com. http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h3865.html. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ "Home page" (Exhibition at Boston Public Library and Massachusetts Historical Society). Forgotten Chapters of Boston's Literary History. The Trustees of Boston College. March 28–July 30, 2012. http://www.bostonliteraryhistory.com. Retrieved 2012-05-22.
- ^ "An Interactive Map of Literary Boston: 1794–1862" (Exhibition). Forgotten Chapters of Boston's Literary History. The Trustees of Boston College. March 28–July 30, 2012. http://bostonliteraryhistory.com/sites/default/files/bostonliteraryhistorymap.pdf. Retrieved 2012-05-22.
- ^ "Boston African American National Historic Site". National Park Service. April 28, 2007. http://www.nps.gov/boaf/. Retrieved May 8, 2007.
- ^ "Fugitive Slave Law". The Massachusetts Historical Society. http://www.masshist.org/longroad/01slavery/fsl.htm. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ "The "Trial" of Anthony Burns". The Massachusetts Historical Society. http://www.masshist.org/longroad/01slavery/burns.htm. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ "150th Anniversary of Anthony Burns Fugitive Slave Case". Suffolk University. April 24, 2004. http://www.suffolk.edu/16075.html. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ "About Boston". City of Boston. 2006. http://www.cityofboston.gov/visitors/about.asp. Retrieved May 8, 2007.
- ^ a b State Street Trust Company; Walton Advertising and Printing Company (1922) (TXT). Boston: one hundred years a city. 2. Boston: State Street Trust Company. http://www.archive.org/stream/bostononehundred02stat/bostononehundred02stat_djvu.txt. Retrieved April 20, 2009.
- ^ "People & Events: Boston's Immigrant Population". WGBH/PBS Online (American Experience). 2003. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/murder/peopleevents/p_immigrants.html. Retrieved May 4, 2007.
- ^ "Immigration Records". The National Archives. http://www.archives.gov/genealogy/immigration/passenger-arrival.html. Retrieved January 7, 2009.
- ^ "Boston People". city-data.com. 2007. http://www.city-data.com/world-cities/Boston-People.html. Retrieved May 5, 2007.
- ^ "The History of Land Fill in Boston". iBoston.org. 2006. http://www.iboston.org/rg/backbayImap.htm. Retrieved January 9, 2006. . Also see Howe, Jeffery (1996). "Boston: History of the Landfills". Boston College. http://www.bc.edu/bc_org/avp/cas/fnart/fa267/bos_fill2.html. Retrieved April 30, 2007.
- ^ Historical Atlas of Massachusetts. University of Massachusetts. 1991. p. 37.
- ^ Holleran, Michael (2001) "Problems with Change" Boston's Changeful Times: Origins of Preservation and Planning in America The Johns Hopkins University Press p. Pg. 41 ISBN 0-8018-6644-8 http://books.google.com/books?id=j_L08ikdUrkC&lpg=PA41&pg=PA39#v=onepage&f=false. Retrieved August 22, 2010
- ^ Staff writer (March 26, 1892, Wednesday). "BOSTON'S ANNEXATION SCHEMES.; PROPOSAL TO ABSORB CAMBRIDGE AND OTHER NEAR-BY TOWNS". The New York Times: p. 11. Archived from the original on March 27, 1892. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9C05E1DC1F39E233A25754C2A9659C94639ED7CF. Retrieved August 21, 2010.
- ^ Rezendes, Michael (October 13, 1991). "Has the time for Chelsea's annexation to Boston come? The Hub hasn't grown since 1912, and something has to follow that beleaguered community's receivership". The Boston Globe: p. 80. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/boston/access/59275776.html?FMT=ABS&date=Oct%2013,%201991. Retrieved August 22, 2010.
- ^ Estes, Andrea (September 9, 1991). "Flynn offers to annex Chelsea". Boston Herald: p. 1. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/bostonherald/access/69025902.html?FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&date=Sep+9%2C+1991&author=ANDREA+ESTES+and+ED+CAFASSO&pub=Boston+Herald&edition=&startpage=001&desc=Flynn+offers+to+annex+Chelsea. Retrieved August 22, 2010.
- ^ Park, Edwards (24 November 2004). "Eric Postpischil's Molasses Disaster Pages, Smithsonian Article". Eric Postpischil's Domain (Smithsonian Institution) 14 (8): 213–230. http://edp.org/molpark.htm. Retrieved 2006-12-16.
- ^ Collins, Monica (August 7, 2005). "Born Again". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/news/globe/magazine/articles/2005/08/07/born_again/. Retrieved May 8, 2007.
- ^ Roessner, Jane. "A Decent Place to Live: from Columbia Point to Harbor Point – A Community History", Boston: Northeastern University Press, c2000. Cf. p. 80, "The Columbia Point Health Center: The First Community Health Center in the Country".
- ^ Cf. Roessner, p.293. "The HOPE VI housing program, inspired in part by the success of Harbor Point, was created by legislation passed by Congress in 1992."
- ^ Puleo, Stephen (2007). "Epilogue: Today". The Boston Italians (illustrated ed.). Beacon Press. ISBN 978-0-8070-5036-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=jET-HIcybREC&printsec=frontcover#PPA281,M1. Retrieved May 16, 2009.
- ^ Feeney, Mark; Mehegan, David (April 15, 2005). "Atlantic, 148-year institution, leaving city". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2005/04/15/atlantic_148_year_institution_leaving_city/. Retrieved March 31, 2007.
- ^ Hampson, Rick (April 19, 2005). "Studies: Gentrification a boost for everyone". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2005-04-19-gentrification_x.htm. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ "Cost of Living Index for Selected U.S. Cities, 2005". Information Please Database. Pearson Education. 2007. http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0883960.html. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ "Cost of living – The world's most expensive big cities". City Mayors. July 28, 2008. http://www.citymayors.com/features/cost_survey.html. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ "2011 Quality of Living worldwide city rankings – Mercer survey". November 29, 2011. http://www.mercer.com/press-releases/quality-of-living-report-2011. Retrieved January 29, 2012.
- ^ After New York City and San Francisco. Many cities, such as Paterson, New Jersey, are denser but are part of a larger city's metropolitan area.
- ^ http://www.massbike.org/bikeways/neponset/
- ^ "Kings Chapel Burying Ground, USGS Boston South (MA) Topo Map". TopoZone. 2006. http://www.topozone.com/map.asp?lat=42.35833&lon=-71.06028. Retrieved April 29, 2007.
- ^ "Elevation data – Boston". U.S. Geological Survey. 2007. http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:3:::NO::P3_FID:617565. Retrieved February 19, 2007.
- ^ "Bellevue Hill, Massachusetts". Peakbagger.com. http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=6759. Retrieved March 21, 2007.
- ^ "Boston Skyscrapers". Emporis.com. 2005. http://www.emporis.com/en/wm/ci/?id=101045. Retrieved May 15, 2005.
- ^ "About the SEHS". South End Historical Society. 2007. http://www.southendhistoricalsociety.org/about.htm. Retrieved February 19, 2007.
- ^ "Prudential Skywalk Observatory". CelebrateBoston.com. http://www.celebrateboston.com/attractions/prudential-skywalk.htm. Retrieved April 20, 2009.
- ^ "Boston Common". CelebrateBoston.com. 2006. http://www.celebrateboston.com/sites/boston-common.htm. Retrieved February 19, 2007.
- ^ "Franklin Park". City of Boston. 2007. http://www.cityofboston.gov/parks/emerald/Franklin_Park.asp. Retrieved April 28, 2007.
- ^ Official Boston neighborhoods, defined here [2].
- ^ NCDC maximum temperature days chart
- ^ a b c "Threaded Extremes". National Weather Service. http://threadex.rcc-acis.org/. Retrieved 2010-06-28.
- ^ "Weather". City of Boston Film Bureau. 2007. http://www.cityofboston.gov/arts/film/weather.asp. Retrieved April 29, 2007.
- ^ "Massachusetts – Climate". city-data.com (Thomson Gale). 2005. http://www.city-data.com/states/Massachusetts-Climate.html. Retrieved April 29, 2007.
- ^ "May in the Northeast". Intellicast.com. 2003. Archived from the original on April 29, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070429165729/http://www.intellicast.com/Almanac/Northeast/May/. Retrieved April 29, 2007.
- ^ Wangsness, Lisa (October 30, 2005). "Snowstorm packs October surprise". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/news/weather/articles/2005/10/30/snowstorm_packs_october_surprise/. Retrieved April 29, 2007.
- ^ Ryan, Andrew (July 11, 2007). "Sea breeze keeps Boston 25 degrees cooler while others swelter". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/news/globe/city_region/breaking_news/2007/07/sea_breeze_keep.html. Retrieved March 31, 2009.
- ^ Ryan, Andrew (June 9, 2008). "Boston sea breeze drops temperature 20 degrees in 20 minutes". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/news/local/breaking_news/2008/06/boston_sea_bree.html. Retrieved March 31, 2009.
- ^ "NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. http://www.nws.noaa.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=box. Retrieved 2011-12-14.
- ^ "Climatological Normals of Boston". Hong Kong Observatory. http://www.hko.gov.hk/wxinfo/climat/world/eng/n_america/us/boston_e.htm. Retrieved 2010-05-11.
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- ^ "Twinning agreements – Boston". Barcelona City Council. http://w3.bcn.es/XMLServeis/XMLHomeLinkPl/0,4022,229724149_257218473_3,00.html. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
- ^ "Barcelona internacional – Ciutats agermanades" (in Catalan). 2006–2009 Ajuntament de Barcelona. http://w3.bcn.es/XMLServeis/XMLHomeLinkPl/0,4022,229724149_257215678_1,00.html. Retrieved July 13, 2009.
- ^ "The twin cities of Padua" (in Italian). Padovanet. Comune di Padova. June 4, 2008. http://www.padovanet.it/dettaglio.jsp?id=2867. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
- ^ "Sister cities – Boston". City of Melbourne. http://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/info.cfm?top=161&pa=2979&pg=1646. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
- ^ "International Sister Cities". Taipei City Council. http://www.tcc.gov.tw/eng/sister_cities.htm. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
- ^ "Town twinning". Boston Borough Council. Archived from the original on 2011-05-20. http://web.archive.org/web/20110520160801/http://www.boston.gov.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=361&Itemid=3531. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
- ^ "Partnership of the Historic Bostons". Partnership of the Historic Bostons. http://www.historicbostons.com/. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
- ^ "Boston" (in Hebrew). Haifa Municipality. http://www.haifa.muni.il/haifa/pages/boston.aspx. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
- ^ Press Office of the Municipality of Valladolid (September 18, 2007). "Valladolid and Boston have signed a protocol of friendship between the two cities" (in Spanish). Ayuntamiento de Valladolid. http://www.ava.es/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=1136. Retrieved April 5, 2009.
References[link]
- Boston (1909). Records Relating to the Early History of Boston – Selectmen Minutes 1818–1822.. City of Boston. http://books.google.com/books?id=olMMAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA98&dq=intitle:History+intitle:of+intitle:Boston&num=50#PPP5,M1.
- Downst, Henry P. (1916). Random Notes of Boston. Humphrey Publishing. http://kellscraft.com/NotesBoston/NotesBostoncontentpage.html.
- Gershkoff, Ira; Trachtman, Richard (2004). The Boston Driver's Handbook. Da Capo Press. ISBN 0-306-81326-2.
- Harris, Patricia; Lyon, David (1999). Boston. Oakland, CA: Compass American Guides. ISBN 0-679-00284-7.
- Jones, Howard Mumford; Jones, Bessie Zaban (1975). The Many Voices of Boston: A Historical Anthology 1630–1975. Boston: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0-316-47282-4.
- Rambow, John D. et al. (2003). Fodor's Boston. New York: Fodors Travel Publication. ISBN 1-4000-1028-4.
- Seasholes, Nancy S. (2003). Gaining Ground: A History of Landmaking in Boston. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-19494-5.
- Snow, Caleb H. (1828). History of Boston. Abel Bowen. http://books.google.com/books?id=7eovZyvw7S8C&pg=PA9&dq=editions:0tsIsk90aiMeVh&cad=0_0#PPP13,M1.
- Vanderwarker, Peter (1982). Boston Then and Now. Courier Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-24312-5.
- Winsor, Justin (1881). Memorial History of Boston, Vol.1 [http://books.google.com/books?id=U0AOAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=intitle:Memorial+intitle:History+intitle:of+intitle:Boston&num=50&cad=3_1 Vol.2 Vol.3. Vol.4.]. James R. Osgood and Company. http://books.google.com/books?id=1z8OAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=editions:0jkSXQveT0SxV7GZV0DYhMn#PPR3,M1.
Further reading[link]
- Boston: A to Z (2000), Thomas H. O'Connor, ISBN 0-674-00310-1
- Built in Boston: City and Suburb, 1800–2000 (2000), Douglass Shand-Tucci, ISBN 1-55849-201-1
- Lost Boston (1999), Mariner Books, ISBN 0-395-96610-8
- Boston: A Topographical History, Third Enlarged Edition (2000), Belknap Press, ISBN 0-674-00268-7
- When in Boston: A Time Line & Almanac (2004), Northeastern, ISBN 1-55553-620-4
- Gaining Ground: A History of Landmaking in Boston (2003), Nancy S. Seasholes, ISBN 0-262-19494-5
- Boston's Secret Spaces: 50 Hidden Corners In and Around the Hub, (2009), Globe Pequot; First edition ISBN 0-7627-5062-6
- AIA Guide to Boston, 3rd Edition: Contemporary Landmarks, Urban Design, Parks, Historic Buildings and Neighborhoods, (2008), Michael Southworth and Susan Southworth, GPP Travel, ISBN 0-7627-4337-9
- Boston: A Pictorial Celebration (2006), Jonathan M. Beagle, Elan Penn (photographer), ISBN 1-4027-1977-9
- City in Time: Boston (2008), Jeffrey Hantover, Gilbert King (photographer), ISBN 1-4027-3300-3
- Mapping Boston (2001), Alex Krieger (editor), David Cobb (editor), Amy Turner (editor), Norman B. Leventhal (Foreword by) MIT Press, ISBN 0-262-61173-2
- Boston Beheld: Antique Town and Country Views (2008), D. Brenton Simons, University Press of New England, ISBN 1-58465-740-5
- Boston (2010) by Jordan Worek; photographs by Bill Horsman, Firefly Books, ISBN 1-55407-591-2
- Boston's immigrants, 1840–1925 (2000), by Michael Price, Anthony Mitchell Sammarco, Arcadia Publishing, Images of America series
- Boston: A Century of Progress (1995), by Anthony Mitchell Sammarco, Arcadia Publishing, Images of America series
External links[link]
| Find more about Boston on Wikipedia's sister projects: | |
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Definitions and translations from Wiktionary |
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Images and media from Commons |
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Learning resources from Wikiversity |
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News stories from Wikinews |
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Quotations from Wikiquote |
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Source texts from Wikisource |
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Textbooks from Wikibooks |
- Boston at the Open Directory Project
- City of Boston official website
- Boston travel guide from Wikitravel
- Open Space Plan 2002–2006 from the City of Boston official website
- Historical Maps of Boston from the Norman B. Leventhal Map Center at the Boston Public Library
- Boston Streets: Mapping Directory Data from Tufts University, with support from the Institute of Museum and Library Services and The Bostonian Society
- Maps of income, landfill growth, public transport, and squares from Radical Cartography
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the baseball player and manager. For the Puerto Rican musician, see Bobby Valentín. For the British musician, see Bobby Valentino (British musician). For the American singer, see Bobby V.
| Bobby Valentine | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Boston Red Sox – No. 25 | |
| Utility player / Manager | |
| Born: (1950-05-13) May 13, 1950 (age 62) Stamford, Connecticut |
|
| Batted: Right | Threw: Right |
| MLB debut | |
| September 2, 1969 for the Los Angeles Dodgers | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| September 30, 1979 for the Seattle Mariners | |
| Career statistics (through May 31, 2012) |
|
| Batting average | .260 |
| Hits | 441 |
| Runs batted in | 157 |
| Games managed | 2,240 |
| Win–Loss record | 1,143–1,097 |
| Winning % | .510 |
| Teams | |
|
As player
As manager
|
|
| Career highlights and awards | |
|
|
Robert John "Bobby V" Valentine (born May 13, 1950) is an American professional baseball manager and former player who is currently the manager of the Boston Red Sox in Major League Baseball (MLB).[1] As a player, Valentine played for the Los Angeles Dodgers (1969, 1971–1972), California Angels (1973–1975), New York Mets (1977–1978), and Seattle Mariners (1979) in MLB. In addition to the Red Sox, he managed the Texas Rangers (1985–1992) and New York Mets (1996–2002) of MLB, as well as the Chiba Lotte Marines of Nippon Professional Baseball (1995, 2004–2009).
Valentine has also served as the Director of Public Safety & Health for the city of Stamford, Connecticut and an analyst for ESPN Sunday Night Baseball.[2]
Contents |
Early years[link]
Valentine was widely recruited out of Rippowam High School in Stamford, Connecticut by the University of Nebraska, Duke University, the University of Notre Dame and the University of Southern California as a star in football and baseball. He attended USC where he became a member of the Sigma Chi Fraternity. The Los Angeles Dodgers drafted him number five overall in the 1968 Major League Baseball Draft.
Playing career[link]
Minor league MVP[link]
After winning the Pioneer League's MVP award with the Ogden Dodgers in 1968, Valentine debuted with the Dodgers as a September call-up in 1969 at only 19 years old. Though he never recorded a major league at-bat that season, he did score three runs as a pinch runner.
Back in the Pacific Coast League for 1970, Valentine was again his league's MVP after batting .340 with fourteen home runs for the Spokane Indians. Led by Valentine and manager Tommy Lasorda, Spokane won the league championship over a legendary Hawaii Islanders powerhouse.
Los Angeles Dodgers[link]
Valentine made the Dodgers out of Spring training in 1971, and batted .249 with one home run and 25 runs batted in. The following season, he managed to play in 119 games by playing many different positions—including shortstop, second base, third and all three outfield positions. His batting average improved to .274 in 1972, but he was not showing his early promise as a major leaguer, and following the season, he was packaged in a trade along with Frank Robinson, Billy Grabarkewitz, Bill Singer and Mike Strahler to the California Angels for Andy Messersmith and Ken McMullen.
California Angels[link]
Valentine batted .302 his first season with the Angels before falling victim to a gruesome injury. On May 17, 1973, Valentine suffered a multiple compound leg fracture at Anaheim Stadium when his spikes got caught in the outfield's chain link fence while attempting to catch a home run ball hit by Dick Green. Valentine missed the remainder of the 1973 season and the leg never healed properly, robbing Valentine of his speed. In 1974, Valentine made 414 plate appearances in the utility role, the second most of his career, and batted .261 with three home runs. At the end of the 1975 season, he was traded to the San Diego Padres.
"Saturday Night Massacre"[link]
Valentine only appeared in 66 games for the Padres when he was part of New York's infamous "Saturday Night Massacre." On June 15, 1977, the New York Mets traded Dave Kingman to the San Diego Padres for minor league pitcher Paul Siebert and Valentine, sent Tom Seaver to the Cincinnati Reds for Pat Zachry, Doug Flynn, Steve Henderson and Dan Norman, and Mike Phillips to the St. Louis Cardinals for Joel Youngblood.
Seattle Mariners[link]
Valentine's role with the Mets became even more limited, and he was released in Spring training, 1979. He signed with the Seattle Mariners shortly afterwards, and made his debut as a catcher that season. Following the season, he retired from baseball at 29 years of age.
Managerial career[link]
Texas Rangers[link]
Valentine was serving as third base coach for the Mets when he was tapped by the Texas Rangers to take over managing duties from Doug Rader 32 games into the 1985 season. He was not able to turn the team's fortunes around right away and the Rangers went 53–76 the rest of the way, finishing with an overall record of 62–99. The following season the Rangers finished second in the American League West with a record of 87–75. Valentine also finished second for AL Manager of the Year that year. Hopes were high in Arlington after the 1986 season, but his Rangers fell back into sixth place the following two seasons. Unable to replicate his early success, Valentine was fired by managing partner George W. Bush[3] halfway through the 1992 season with a record of 45–41. Toby Harrah grabbed the reins from Valentine, and led the Rangers to a 32–44 record and a fourth place finish.
Chiba Lotte Marines[link]
In 1995, Valentine began his first stint as manager of the Chiba Lotte Marines in the Japanese Pacific League. That season, the team surprised most Japanese baseball fans by finishing in second place (69–58–3), a remarkable feat for the Marines who had not won the Japanese Pacific league pennant since 1974. However, he was fired abruptly due to the personal conflict with general manager Tatsuro Hirooka,[4] despite having a two-year contract.
New York Mets[link]
He returned to the U.S. and managed the Mets' Triple-A affiliate, the Norfolk Tides to an 82–59 record. He was promoted to manager of the New York Mets with 31 games left in the 1996 season, and led them to a 12–19 record the rest of the way.
Over the next two seasons, with Valentine at the helm, the Mets began a resurgence, finishing 14 games over .500 (88–74) both years. Valentine's most memorable game as a manager occurred on June 9, 1999. In the 12th inning of a 14 inning marathon with the Toronto Blue Jays, Mike Piazza was called for catcher's interference on Craig Grebeck. Valentine was ejected by home plate umpire Randy Marsh for arguing the call, and returned to the dugout an inning later in a disguise (a fake moustache). Unamused, Major League Baseball fined Valentine $10,000 and suspended him for two games. The Mets went on to win the game 4–3.[5]
Valentine led the Mets to a record of 97–66 and a wild card playoff berth that season. The Mets beat the Arizona Diamondbacks in four games (3–1) en route to the National League Championship Series, where they eventually lost to their division rival the Atlanta Braves in six games (4–2).
In early 2000, Valentine was at the center of what would be called "The Whartongate Affair," in which he allegedly mentioned to students at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School of Business somewhat cynical, insider comments regarding a handful of Mets players and the organization as a whole.[6]
The Mets returned the following season, finishing the year with a 94–68 record and another wild card playoff berth. This time, the Mets would not be denied the pennant, winning the National League by defeating the St. Louis Cardinals in five games (4–1). The jubilation for the Mets would end during the World Series as they were beaten by their crosstown rival New York Yankees in five games (4–1). Valentine had an uneasy, if not volatile relationship with general manager Steve Phillips, who fired three of Valentine's coaches and selected the replacements himself during the 1999 season (in a move many observers felt was an attempt to get Valentine to quit) and eventually fired him after the 2002 season. Phillips was later fired from his work as an analyst at ESPN and Valentine was hired by the network soon afterwards (albeit in different areas of ESPN's Major League Baseball coverage).[citation needed]
Back to Japan[link]
In 2004, Valentine began his second stint as manager of the Chiba Lotte Marines. On October 17, 2005, he led the Marines to their first Pacific League pennant in 31 years after emerging victorious in a close playoff with the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks. Nine days later on October 26, the Marines won the Japan Series in a four game sweep of the Hanshin Tigers for the first time since 1974. On October 27, 2005, Valentine issued a challenge to the World Series champion Chicago White Sox on behalf of the Chiba Lotte Marines. Valentine called for a seven-game World Series to be played between the American and Japanese championship teams. Unlike the World Baseball Classic, a competition featuring sixteen national all-star teams, a World Series-styled tournament between the winners of both the American and Japanese championships has never been played.
Following their Japan Series championship, the Marines won the inaugural Asia Series by defeating the Samsung Lions of the Korea Baseball Organization in November 2005. In 2008, Valentine was the subject of the ESPN Films documentary "The Zen of Bobby V." The film followed Valentine and his 2007 Chiba Lotte Marines team. "The Zen of Bobby V." was an official selection at the 2008 Tribeca Film Festival. The Marines decided to let Valentine go after the 2009 season after an extensive smear campaign led by Korean-Japanese club president Ryuzo Setoyama, which ironically backfired & resulted in an overflow of support for Valentine by local fans. In the end, Valentine was fired, even though a petition to extend his contract was presented to the organization with 112,000 signatures.[7]
ESPN[link]
Valentine accepted a position as a baseball analyst for ESPN. He had previously appeared on the cable network's Baseball Tonight show in 2003. He made his broadcasting debut for the 2009 American and National League Championship Series and World Series.[8]
Bobby continued working with ESPN for the 2010 MLB season. He was interviewed for the Baltimore Orioles managerial position after manager Dave Trembley was fired in early June; Valentine later withdrew his name from consideration. Valentine was considered a front runner for the Florida Marlins managerial position that opened after Manager Fredi Gonzalez was fired in late June. However, Valentine confirmed he was no longer a candidate for the position after the Florida Marlins owner, Jeffrey Loria stated that Edwin Rodriguez, the interim manager they summoned to replace Gonzalez, will manage the team through the 2010 season.[9] With the firing of the New York Mets Manager Jerry Manuel at the end of the 2010 season, Valentine had been speculated by the local New York sports media of returning to the team. It was also reported that the Toronto Blue Jays and Seattle Mariners had interviewed Valentine for their open managerial job.
Valentine was interviewed by the Milwaukee Brewers for their managerial opening in October 2010. He was believed to be a finalist along with Bob Melvin, Joey Cora, and Ron Roenicke.[10] The position eventually went to Angels bench coach Roenicke.
On December 1, 2010, Valentine, Orel Hershiser and Dan Shulman were named as ESPN's new Sunday Night Baseball crew for the 2011 MLB season. As recently as June 19, 2011, news outlets reported that Valentine was once again a candidate for the Florida Marlins managerial position after the ballclub free fell in the standings.[11] That did not come to fruition, however, as the Marlins hired former White Sox manager Ozzie Guillen.
Boston Red Sox[link]
On November 21, 2011, he met with the Boston Red Sox for a formal interview for the open manager's position. On November 29, it was reported that Valentine would be the new Red Sox manager and the successor to Terry Francona.[12] Valentine was introduced on December 2, 2011 by Red Sox General Manager Ben Cherington. He chose to wear number 25 in honor of the late Tony Conigliaro, with whom he briefly roomed during spring training 1976 with the San Diego Padres.[13]
Awards and honors[link]
- New Jersey Sports Writers Association "Sports Humanitarian of the Year" (2001)
Outside of Baseball[link]
Bar Owner[link]
Since 1980, Valentine has owned and operated Bobby Valentine's Sports Gallery Cafe, a sports bar that was not originally located in his hometown of Stamford. It was first located at 280 Connecticut Avenue, Norwalk, CT. Eventually, it was closed down and moved to Stamford. He claims to have invented the Wrap sandwich. He claims that his restaurant was the first anywhere to serve a sandwich in a tortilla wrap. Valentine made this claim while his restaurant was showcased on the Food Network.[14] Since 2003, Valentine has held an annual "Bobby Valentine Celebrity Wine & Food Experience", a charity fundraising event featuring food from lower Fairfield County, Connecticut restaurants and a selection of wines. Valentine acts as the master of ceremonies and celebrities and sports personalities appear at the event. The January 2008 event, to benefit the Mickey Lione Jr. Fund, included both live and silent auctions and cost $150 to attend, with ticket sales limited to 750.[15]
Stamford Director of Public Safety[link]
On Thursday January 13, 2011 Mayor Michael Pavia named Valentine Director of Public Safety for the city of Stamford, Connecticut. Valentine is to be paid a token $10,000 salary for this position, which he has pledged to donate to city charities.[16]
Personal[link]
Valentine is married to Mary Branca, the daughter of former Brooklyn Dodgers pitcher Ralph Branca and together they have a son Bobby Jr. (born April 23, 1985).[17]
Valentine is a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity.[18]
References[link]
- ^ "Red Sox choose Bobby Valentine". ESPN.COM. http://espn.go.com/boston/mlb/story/_/id/7300314/boston-red-sox-introduce-bobby-valentine-thursday. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
- ^ Kate King (January 14, 2011). "Pavia names Bobby Valentine as Stamford public safety director". Stamford Advocate. http://www.stamfordadvocate.com/default/article/Pavia-names-Bobby-Valentine-as-Stamford-public-954664.php.
- ^ Brooks, David (2000-08-02). "George W. Bush should be president – David Brooks". Salon.com. http://www.salon.com/2000/08/02/bush_cover/. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
- ^ "Be Our Valentine: Fans Back Manager". http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=4199025. Retrieved 2009-05-22.
- ^ "The 10 Most Bizarre Ejections in Sports". http://bleacherreport.com/articles/200495-the-10-most-bizarre-ejections-in-sports/page/8. Retrieved 2009-09-02.
- ^ "The Whartongate Affair". Citypaper.net. http://www.citypaper.net/articles/042000/sl.howcol.shtml. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
- ^ "Japan Times Article". Search.japantimes.co.jp. 2010-01-17. http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/sb20100117j1.html. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
- ^ "Valentine to start with LCS, World Series". http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=4514974. Retrieved 2009-09-29.
- ^ Reynolds, Tim (June 30, 2010). "Marlins: Rodriguez will remain manager all season". Associated Press. http://sports.yahoo.com/mlb/news?slug=ap-marlins-rodriguez&print=1. Retrieved 2010-06-30.
- ^ "Bobby Valentine the "front runner" for the Brewers’ job | HardballTalk". Hardballtalk.nbcsports.com. 2010-10-31. http://hardballtalk.nbcsports.com/2010/11/01/bobby-valentine-the-front-runner-for-the-brewers-job/. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
- ^ "Ozzie, Bobby V atop Marlins' wish list – MLB – Baseball – Rumors". FanNation. http://www.fannation.com/truth_and_rumors/view/291091-ozzie-bobby-v-atop-marlins-wish-list. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
- ^ Edes, Gordon (2011-11-30). "Source: Valentine gets Red Sox job". ESPN.com. http://espn.go.com/boston/mlb/story/_/id/7295956/source-bobby-valentine-hired-boston-red-sox-manager. Retrieved 2011-11-30.
- ^ Flannery, Paul. "Full Count » Mike Lowell: ‘Everybody is borrowing Tony Conigliaro’s number anyway’". Fullcount.weei.com. http://fullcount.weei.com/sports/boston/baseball/red-sox/2011/12/02/mike-lowell-everybody-is-borrowing-tony-conigliaros-number-anyway/. Retrieved 2011-12-05.
- ^ "The Wrap Sandwich". http://wraps.askdefine.com/.
- ^ "Advertisement "Sixth Annual Bobby Valentine Celebrity Wine & Food Experience". The Stamford Advocate: p. 8. December 6, 2007.
- ^ "Pavia names Bobby Valentine Stamford's public safety director". http://www.stamfordadvocate.com/news/article/Pavia-names-Bobby-Valentine-Stamford-s-public-954664.php.
- ^ Cavanaugh, John (July 17, 1977). "A Homecoming for Valentine". New York Times: p. Long Island Opinion: 355.
- ^ "Sigma Chi’s Valentine Back as a Big League Manager". http://www.nicindy.org/greek-news/sigma-chis-valentine-back-as-a-big-league-manager/.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Bobby Valentine |
- Career statistics and player information from MLB, or ESPN, or Baseball-Reference, or Fangraphs, or The Baseball Cube
- Bobby Valentine managerial career statistics at Baseball-Reference.com
- Official website
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Valentine, Bobby |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American baseball player and coach |
| Date of birth | May 13, 1950 |
| Place of birth | Stamford, Connecticut |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Bobby_Valentine
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Bobby Valentine
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Valentine
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the Major League Baseball player. For the footballer, see Adrián González (footballer).
| Adrian Gonzalez | |
|---|---|
 Gonzalez with the Red Sox on April 26, 2011 |
|
| Boston Red Sox – No. 28 | |
| First baseman / Right fielder | |
| Born: (1982-05-08) May 8, 1982 (age 30) San Diego, California |
|
| Bats: Left | Throws: Left |
| MLB debut | |
| April 18, 2004 for the Texas Rangers | |
| Career statistics (through May 30, 2012) |
|
| Batting average | .292 |
| Home runs | 199 |
| Runs batted in | 669 |
| Hits | 1,167 |
| Teams | |
|
|
| Career highlights and awards | |
|
|
Adrian Gonzalez (born May 8, 1982) is a Mexican-American professional baseball first baseman with the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball.
Gonzalez was the first overall pick in the 2000 Major League Baseball Draft by the Florida Marlins. He was traded to the Texas Rangers, and later to the San Diego Padres, where he was an All-Star selection four times and two-time Gold Glove winner. The four-time Padres team Most Valuable Player (MVP) was traded to the Boston Red Sox before entering the final year of his contract during the 2010 offseason.
Gonzalez was born in San Diego, but played for Mexico in the 2006 and 2009 World Baseball Classic. His nicknames include Gonzo[1] and A-Gon.[2]
Contents |
Professional career[link]
Florida Marlins (2000–2003)[link]
Gonzalez was projected to be a late first-round pick out of Eastlake High School in Chula Vista, California, but he advanced with his senior year performance.[3] In June 2000, Gonzalez became the first infield position player to be drafted first overall since Alex Rodriguez in 1993. He was given a $3 million signing bonus by the Florida Marlins.[4] While in the Marlins organization, Gonzalez played with the Gulf Coast League Marlins, Kane County Cougars, Utica Blue Sox, Portland Sea Dogs (2002), Albuquerque Isotopes (2003), and Carolina Mudcats (2003). With the A level Kane County Cougars in his 2nd professional season, Gonzalez hit .312 with 17 home runs and 103 RBI's in 127 games.
Texas Rangers (2004–2005)[link]
After a wrist injury, the Marlins felt Gonzalez would be hindered swinging the bat, so the Marlins included Gonzalez in a June 2003 trade with the Texas Rangers, along with Ryan Snare and minor leaguer Will Smith, to acquire a relief pitcher, Ugueth Urbina, to aid their championship drive.[5] He played in 16 games for Texas in 2004 and in 43 games in 2005.
After the season, Gonzalez was traded to the San Diego Padres along with pitcher Chris Young and outfielder Terrmel Sledge. In return, the Rangers received Adam Eaton and Akinori Otsuka. Originally seen as an eventual replacement for Ryan Klesko at first base, Gonzalez was given the job when Klesko underwent shoulder surgery.
San Diego Padres (2006–2010)[link]
With extended playing time at first base in 2006, Gonzalez continued to improve his hitting and defense. On July 23, 2006, he was named the NL Player of the Week.[6] In his first full season, he led the Padres in batting average (.304) and home runs (24). He was the first player in Petco Park history to have more than one multiple home run game. He was named the Padres' MVP for 2006.[7]
On March 31, 2007, Gonzalez agreed to a $9.5 million, four-year deal, with a club option for $5.5 million in 2011.[8] In the 2007 season, he led the Padres in home runs again, with 30, and had a team-high 100 RBIs. He led all Major League first basemen with 161 games and a career-high 46 doubles.[7]
In the 2008 season, Gonzalez finished with a .279 average and once again led the Padres with 36 HRs and 119 RBIs. He was elected to the 2008 MLB All-Star Game as a reserve. He went 1 for 3 with a single and a sacrifice fly, scoring Miguel Tejada of the Houston Astros. He won his first Gold Glove Award in 2008 at first base. Gonzalez set career highs in games played (162), home runs (36), RBI (119), runs scored (103), walks (74) and slugging percentage (.510). He was named the Padres MVP for the second time.[7]
Gonzalez played winter ball in the Mexican Pacific League for the Venados de Mazatlán. In the 2009 Caribbean Series, he led his team past the Dominican Republic's Tigres del Licey with a record-setting 3 home runs on February 4.[9]
Gonzalez hit 23 homers and led Major League Baseball in that category at the end of May, 2009. This despite playing his home games at Petco Park, which Padres statisticians describe as an “extreme pitcher's park.”[10] On May 18, Gonzalez was described as being one of the two most underrated players in the National League according to a poll of Major League executives and managers conducted by MLB.com.[10] On April 1, Gonzalez was named the NL Co-Player of the Week for the second time in his career. During that week, Gonzalez hit four home runs, tallied 10 RBIs, and had a 1.000 slugging percentage.[11] Gonzalez was elected to the 2009 Major League Baseball All-Star Game after voting by fellow players, managers and coaches.[12] He subsequently participated in that year's Home Run Derby where he hit two home runs in the first round. On August 1, Gonzalez finished 6-for-6 with three RBI as the Padres topped the Milwaukee Brewers 13–6. Gonzalez's six hits are the most by any Padre in a nine-inning game. Three others have accomplished the feat, but did it in extra-inning contests. Gonzalez hit five singles and a double.
He led the majors in walks in 2009, with 119,[13] while hitting 40 home runs for the first time in his career. He was named the Padres team MVP for 2009, his third time honored.[7]
Gonzalez started the 2010 season playing well. On May 24, he was named the NL Player of the Week for the fourth time in his career.[14] On June 2, Gonzalez hit a walk-off grand slam in extra innings to lead his team toward a 5–1 victory over the New York Mets.[15] In July, Gonzalez was elected to participate in his third consecutive All-Star game.
During the 2010 season, Gonzalez had 176 hits in 591 at bats, good for a .298 batting average, his highest since hitting .304 in his rookie season (2006). He had 93 walks and 114 strikeouts. His 93 walks put him in third place in the NL behind only Prince Fielder (114) and Albert Pujols (103). He finished with 31 home runs and 101 RBI, the third time in his career he had 100 RBI or more. Gonzalez played in 160 games on the year, tying him with Rickie Weeks for 5th in the NL. He scored 87 runs on the season, compiling 302 total bases, which also tied him with Weeks, for 6th in the NL. Gonzalez was named team MVP for the third consecutive year and the fourth time overall with the Padres.[16]
Gonzalez would have been in the last year of his contract in 2011, but the Padres were not going to meet Gonzalez’s open market value especially with Jeff Moorad’s purchase of the Padres from John Moores not completing until around 2013.[17][18]
Boston Red Sox (2011–present)[link]
On December 6, 2010, Gonzalez was traded to the Boston Red Sox for a package of right-handed pitcher Casey Kelly, first baseman Anthony Rizzo, outfielder Reymond Fuentes, and a player to be named later, later determined to be Eric Patterson.[19][20]
On April 15, 2011, Gonzalez and the Red Sox agreed to a seven-year contract extension worth $154 million through the 2018 season.[21]
On June 19, 2011, Gonzalez hit his 1,000 career hit: a triple off of Milwaukee Brewers pitcher Yovani Gallardo.[22]
On July 3, Adrian Gonzalez was selected to represent the Red Sox at the 2011 All Star game in Arizona along with fellow teammates Josh Beckett, Jacoby Ellsbury, David Ortiz, Kevin Youkilis, and Jon Lester. Gonzalez hit a home run in the game and was responsible for the only run for the American League. Additionally, Ortiz selected Gonzalez as one of three sluggers to join him in the Home Run Derby, where he finished second to Robinson Cano. Gonzalez tied a record for most home runs in the final round of the home run derby at 11, which was then surpassed by the victor Cano.
Gonzalez was named AL Player of the Month for June 2011 with a .401 average (40 for 99) – the best in the Majors for that month.[23] After placing second in the 2011 Home Run Derby, Adrian Gonzalez faced a home-run slump until he hit five home runs in ten at-bats on August 23–25.
He appeared on the cover of baseball video game MLB 12: The Show.[24] On November 21 the AL MVP ballots came out, with Adrian in seventh place and his team mate Ellsbury in 2nd, both losing to Detroit Tigers ace Justin Verlander.
Personal life[link]
The son of Mexican parents, Gonzalez spent his youth in Tijuana, Mexico & Bonita, California. His brother is former Padres teammate Edgar Gonzalez. Their father was a member of the Mexican national baseball team.[25]
Gonzalez is a born-again Christian and engraved on his bats is "PS 27:1" for verse 1 from Psalm 27.[26]
Gonzalez and his wife Betsy reside in San Diego.[27] The couple created The Adrian and Betsy Gonzalez Foundation, which is focused on empowering underprivileged youth in areas of athletics, education and health.[28]
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ Charles P. Pierce (July 31, 2011). "Gonzo finds a home". Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/articles/2011/07/31/adrian_gonzalez_proves_to_red_sox_he_was_worth_the_wait/. Retrieved July 29, 2011.
- ^ Cafardo, Nick (December 5, 2010). "Is A-Gon gone?". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/extras/extra_bases/2010/12/a-gon_gone.html. Retrieved April 2, 2011.
- ^ Edes, Gordon (February 10, 2011). "Gonzalez began with pocket of quarters". ESPNBoston.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5wVC1gus1.
- ^ Blasco, J. In the Spotlight – Adrian Gonzalez. Accessed November 2, 2010.
- ^ Ring-bearer: How an Adrian Gonzalez deal led to a championship WEEI
- ^ 2006 Player of the Week winners MLB.com
- ^ a b c d "Player Bio Information". MLB.com. http://redsox.mlb.com/components/team/player/bio_iframe.html?is_mug_shot=true&roster_cid=bos&cid=bos&player_id=408236. Retrieved February 2, 2011.
- ^ "Gonzalez agrees to 4-year deal with Padres". Associated Press. ESPN. April 1, 2007. http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2821542. Retrieved February 6, 2009.
- ^ Jesse Sanchez (February 5, 2009). "Gonzalez powers Mexico past DR". MLB. Archived from the original on February 6, 2009. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20090205&content_id=3800632&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb. Retrieved February 5, 2009.
- ^ a b Brock, Corey (May 18, 2009). "Werth, Gonzalez NL's most underrated". MLB.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20090517&content_id=4794842&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
- ^ "Philadelphia's Ryan Howard, San Diego's Adrian Gonzalez named National League Co-Players of the Week presented by Bank of America". MLB.com. June 1, 2009. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/press_releases/press_release.jsp?ymd=20090601&content_id=5086868&vkey=pr_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
- ^ Brock, Corey (July 5, 2009). "Padres' Bell earns first All-Star Game trip". MLB.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20090705&content_id=5705544&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
- ^ "MLB Player Batting Stats – 2009". ESPN. http://espn.go.com/mlb/stats/batting/_/year/2009/sort/walks. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
- ^ Gonzalez, Cruz named Players of Week MLB.com
- ^ "Adrian Gonzalez's walk-off grand slam lifts Padres over Mets". USA Today. June 3, 2010. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/baseball/2010-06-02-padres-mets_N.htm.
- ^ Brock, Corey (January 26, 2011). "Bell, Adrian honored at Padres' awards dinner". MLB. Archived from the original on February 2, 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5wBtJxpQl.
- ^ Center, Bill (December 15, 2010). "Gonzalez goes deep in praising Padres". The San Diego Tribune. Archived from the original on February 2, 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5wBoDYjkc.
- ^ Center, Bill (December 6, 2010). "Gonzalez, Hoyer discuss Padres-Red Sox deal". The San Diego Tribune. Archived from the original on February 14, 2011. http://www.webcitation.org/5wVDRt4w7.
- ^ Gonzalez 'ready to beat the Yanks' MLB.com
- ^ Patterson to Friars completes Gonzalez deal MLB.com
- ^ Browne, Ian (April 15, 2010). "Red Sox, Adrian Gonzalez agree on seven-year contract". MLB.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20110415&content_id=17805948&vkey=news_mlb&c_id=mlb. Retrieved April 15, 2010.
- ^ "Adrian Gonzalez legs out 1,000th career hit". http://www.bostonherald.com/sports/baseball/red_sox/view/2011_0620gonzalez_legs_out_1000th_career_hit/.
- ^ Drellich, Evan (July 5, 2011). "Gonzalez named AL Player of the Month". MLB. http://boston.redsox.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20110705&content_id=21438030&vkey=news_bos&c_id=bos. Retrieved July 6, 2011. "The leader in two of the three legs of the American League triple crown and a true force in the middle of the Red Sox lineup, first baseman Adrian Gonzalez on Tuesday was named the Budweiser Presents American League Player of the Month for June."
- ^ Jackson, Scott. "Yo Adrian! You're on the cover of MLB the Show". http://bleacherbumsports.net/2011/11/10/yo-adrian-youre-on-the-cover-of-mlb-the-show/. Retrieved November 10, 2011.
- ^ "A dream fulfilled for Gonzalez brothers". Corey Brock / MLB.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20080804&content_id=3251158&vkey=news_sd&fext=.jsp&c_id=sd&partnerId=rss_sd. Retrieved August 4, 2008.
- ^ Adrian Gonzalez' bat sends a message (in more ways than one)
- ^ "Adrian Gonzalez: Biography and Career Highlights". Mlb.mlb.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/team/player_career.jsp?player_id=408236. Retrieved October 19, 2011.
- ^ "The Adrian and Betsy Gonzalez Foundation". Adriangonzalezfoundation.org. http://www.adriangonzalezfoundation.org. Retrieved October 19, 2011.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Adrian Gonzalez |
- Career statistics and player information from MLB, or ESPN, or Baseball-Reference, or Fangraphs, or The Baseball Cube, or Baseball-Reference (Minors)
- Official website
- The Adrian and Betsy Gonzalez Foundation
| Preceded by Josh Hamilton |
First overall pick in the MLB Entry Draft 2000 |
Succeeded by Joe Mauer |
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| Persondata | |
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| Name | Gonzalez, Adrian |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Baseball player |
| Date of birth | May 8, 1982 |
| Place of birth | San Diego, California |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Adrian_Gonzalez
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Adrian Gonzalez (baseball)
http://it.wn.com/Adrian Gonzalez
http://es.wn.com/Adrián González (beisbolista)
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Gonzalez
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
 |
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (July 2009) |
| Josh Beckett | |
|---|---|
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| Boston Red Sox – No. 19 | |
| Starting pitcher | |
| Born: (1980-05-15) May 15, 1980 (age 32) Spring, Texas |
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| Bats: Right | Throws: Right |
| MLB debut | |
| September 4, 2001 for the Florida Marlins | |
| Career statistics (through May 25, 2012) |
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| Win–Loss record | 129-85 |
| Earned run average | 3.85 |
| Strikeouts | 1,661 |
| Teams | |
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| Career highlights and awards | |
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Joshua Patrick Beckett (born May 15, 1980)[1] is an American professional baseball pitcher with the Boston Red Sox of Major League Baseball. During his career in the playoffs, he won the 2003 World Series MVP Award with the Florida Marlins, and received the 2007 ALCS MVP award with the Red Sox.
Contents |
Baseball career[link]
Florida Marlins (2001–2005)[link]
A resident of Spring, Texas, Beckett was discovered by Florida Marlins scout Bob Laurie. Beckett had signed a letter of intent to play with the Texas A&M Aggies but went pro. Beckett spent most of his early years with the Marlins as a member of the team's young staff, but injuries (most frequently blister problems) limited him to only 99 starts (102 appearances) from 2002 to 2005.
Beckett's major league debut was on September 4, 2001, against the Chicago Cubs, in which he gave up one hit over six shutout innings. He finished 2001 with four games started, a 2-2 record, and an ERA of 1.50.
Beckett won the 2003 World Series MVP Award with two strong performances on three days' rest. Teamed up with catcher Iván Rodríguez, he helped the Marlins win the World Series, defeating the New York Yankees. During Game 6 at Yankee Stadium, he shut out the Yankees in a complete game, striking out 9 batters and clinching the series by making the tag for the final out.
Boston Red Sox (2006–present)[link]
In a deal that was made official on Thanksgiving Day, 2005, Beckett was traded to the Red Sox along with third baseman Mike Lowell and relief pitcher Guillermo Mota for minor league prospects shortstop Hanley Ramírez and pitchers Aníbal Sánchez, Jesús Delgado and Harvey García. Beckett and Lowell were among a prominent list of veterans the Marlins traded in what was organizationally termed a market correction.[2]
Josh Beckett was the first Red Sox pitcher to hit a home run in 35 years — since the advent of the designated hitter rule — when he took Phillies' pitcher Brett Myers deep during an interleague game on May 20, 2006. Beckett repeated the feat on June 14, 2009 when he homered against Phillies pitcher J.A. Happ. Having gone deep once while with the Marlins, Beckett has thus hit more home runs playing for an American League team than a National League team.[3] On July 18, 2006, Beckett signed a three-year, $30 million contract extension with a $10 million club option for 2010.[4] Beckett completed his first season with the Boston Red Sox with a record of 16–11 and a 5.01 ERA. In 204.2 IP, he gave up 191 hits and struck out 158 batters while walking 74. Beckett allowed 36 home runs, tied for second most in the majors.
At the start of the 2007 season, Beckett adjusted to throwing more breaking pitches and fewer fastballs. At the same time, he learned to locate his pitches rather than simply get strikes by power. He reduced his walks and home runs allowed by nearly half, contributing to his success in 2007. Beckett became one of six Boston Red Sox pitchers in history to win their first 7 starts. George Winter and Mickey Harris both won their first 7 starts in a particular season, and Babe Ruth, Dave Ferriss and Roger Moret all won their first 8 starts in a particular season. After a strong first half, posting a 12–2 record with a 3.44 ERA, he was selected to the American League team in the 2007 MLB All-Star Game. Beckett earned the victory in the game after pitching two innings, giving up only one hit, and striking out two. Beckett became the first pitcher to win 20 games in a season since 2005, finishing the season with a record of 20–7, a 3.27 ERA, 194 strikeouts, a 1.14 WHIP, and only 40 walks and 17 home runs allowed. Beckett's 2–0 record and 1.93 ERA against the Cleveland Indians in the ALCS earned him the 2007 ALCS MVP Award, and he started and won the first game of the 2007 World Series against the Colorado Rockies, pitching 7 innings, allowing 1 run on 6 hits, and striking out 9 batters. Boston would go on to sweep the Rockies in the series.
On May 8, 2008, Beckett recorded his 1,000th career strikeout, when Brandon Inge of the Detroit Tigers struck out swinging in the seventh inning. Through 2008, Beckett had a 48-28 record and a 4.11 ERA in his three seasons with the Red Sox.[5]
In 2009, during his first Opening Day start with the Red Sox, Beckett struck out 10 through 7 innings allowing only 1 run and two hits in a 5-3 victory over the Tampa Bay Rays. On April 14, 2009, MLB fined and suspended Beckett 6 games for intentionally throwing over the head of Los Angeles Angels outfielder Bobby Abreu. Beckett later appealed the suspension and got it reduced to 5 games. The Red Sox exercised their club option on him for the 2010 season.
On June 20, 2009, Beckett recorded his first complete game shutout in three years against the Atlanta Braves in a duel against former Red Sox pitcher Derek Lowe. The shutout was his first in a Red Sox uniform. On July 5, 2009, he was selected to represent Boston in the 2009 All Star Game.
Beckett recorded his 100th career win on July 12, 2009, pitching a complete game shutout against the Kansas City Royals at Fenway Park.
On August 7, 2009, Beckett was a part of a memorable game against the New York Yankees. He and former Marlins teammate A. J. Burnett endured a pitching duel that actually sparked the game to turn into a fifteen inning, five hour and thirty-three minute game. Josh threw seven shutout innings, Burnett threw seven and two thirds. The Red Sox eventually lost the game in the bottom of the 15th, when Alex Rodriguez hit a walk-off two run home run.
On April 5, 2010, the Red Sox and Beckett agreed to a four-year, $68 million contract extension, through 2014.[6] He was placed on the disabled list on May 19 with a lower back strain and returned from the injury on July 23.
On September 16th, Beckett recorded his 1000th strikeout as a member of the Red Sox. He struck out Tampa Bay's Ben Zobrist in the sixth inning.[7]
In the end of the 2011 season, Beckett and two more starting pitchers (John Lackey and Jon Lester, allegedly) were in the center of a controversy that told that the three (and sometimes more) drank alcohol during games. Many people hypothesized that this was part of the reason why the Red Sox went 7-20 on September and were eliminated on the last day of the season. Josh Beckett was noted as the leader of this.[8]
Personal life[link]
Beckett was born in Spring, Texas, and has been linked to such celebrities as model/sportcaster Leeann Tweeden and country singer Danielle Peck.[9] On October 18, 2007, Peck was invited by the Cleveland Indians to sing the National Anthem prior to Game 5 of the American League Championship Series between the Red Sox and Indians.[10] Beckett was the starting pitcher in that game, and some Red Sox fans theorized that her invitation was an attempt by the Indians organization to distract Beckett. The Indians denied this claim.[11] It did not seem to affect Beckett, as he beat the Indians with eight innings pitched, five hits, one walk, one earned run, and eleven strikeouts. In a postgame interview with Beckett, when asked if he was affected by Peck's presence, Beckett replied "I don't get paid to make those fuckin' decisions. She's a friend of mine. It doesn't bother me at all. Thanks for flyin' one of my friends to the game so she could watch it for free."[12] Beckett was also linked at one time to actress Alyssa Milano but she has stated in her baseball blog that she and Beckett never dated.[13] In April 2010 the Inside Track gossip column in the Boston Herald reported that he was engaged to Holly Fisher, an aeronautics engineer and former high school classmate. They got married on January 22, 2011.[14] Josh became a father for the first time when his wife Holly gave birth to their first child a girl in September 2011.
Beckett has a house in San Antonio and is a fan of the San Antonio Spurs.[15] He is also a fan of the Texas A&M Aggies as he committed to the University under then-Aggie head coach Mark Johnson before being drafted; he is still often seen at Texas A&M football games.
Beckett is an avid deer hunter and has been since childhood. He was the 2002 winner of the Muy Grande Deer Contest for bringing down the largest buck during the Texas deer hunting season.[16] After the Marlins' World Series win he appeared in advertisements for the National Rifle Association.[17] He owns Herradura Ranch, a 7,000 acres (28 km2) deer-hunting ranch outside of Cotulla, Texas .[18]
He was featured in a Kevin Fowler music video alongside his teammates John Lackey, Tim Wakefield and Clay Buchholz.[19]
See also[link]
- Florida Marlins all-time roster
- Boston Red Sox all-time roster
- List of Major League Baseball wins champions
- List of Major League Baseball leaders in career wins
References[link]
- ^ "Beckett, Josh". Current Biography Yearbook 2011. Ipswich, MA: H.W. Wilson. 2011. pp. 61-64. ISBN 9780824211219.
- ^ Frisaro, Joe (December 5, 2005). "Marlins deal Lo Duca to Mets". MLB.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20051204&content_id=1275756&vkey=hotstove2005&fext=.jsp. Retrieved June 20, 2010.
- ^ "Josh Beckett Career Statistics". redsox.com. 2010-07-06. http://mlb.mlb.com/stats/individual_stats_player.jsp?c_id=bos&playerID=277417. Retrieved 2010-07-08.
- ^ Associated Press (July 19, 2006). "Red Sox sign righty Beckett to three-year extension". ESPN.com. http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2524247. Retrieved June 20, 2010.
- ^ Chuck, Bill (April 2, 2009). "100 random things about the Red Sox, Rays, and Yankees". The Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/sports/baseball/redsox/extras/100_random_things_2009/. Retrieved May 2, 2009.
- ^ Browne, Ian (April 5, 2010). "Beckett, Red Sox complete extension". MLB.com. http://mlb.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20100405&content_id=9079556&vkey=news_mlb&fext=.jsp&c_id=mlb. Retrieved April 5, 2010.
- ^ "Josh Beckett returns, helps Red Sox finally solve Rays". http://scores.espn.go.com/mlb/recap?gameId=310916102.
- ^ Brown, Ian (October 17, 2011). "Lester: We did drink in clubhouse during games". http://boston.redsox.mlb.com/news/article.jsp?ymd=20111017&content_id=25692288&vkey=news_bos&c_id=bos. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
- ^ White, Paul (October 12, 2007). "Red Sox pitcher Beckett hunts for big game in fall". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/sports/baseball/al/redsox/2007-10-11-cover-beckett_N.htm.
- ^ Head games? Tonight's anthem singer is Beckett's ex - cleveland.com
- ^ http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/21371547/
- ^ YouTube - World Series Champion Josh Beckett responds to reporter
- ^ *touch* 'em all: An Open Letter To All Sports Journalists
- ^ Red Sox ace Josh Beckett engaged to Brandon Twale
- ^ Red Sox Pitcher Josh Beckett Enjoys San Antonio
- ^ http://www.jockbio.com/Bios/Beckett/Beckett_facts.html Beckett facts
- ^ http://sports.espn.go.com/espnmag/story?section=magazine&id=3661536 Worth the Weight
- ^ http://www.herraduraranch.com/ Herradura Ranch
- ^ Josh Beckett and other Sox pitchers show up in video for Kevin Fowler song Boston Globe, July 19, 2011
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Josh Beckett |
- Career statistics and player information from MLB, or ESPN, or Baseball-Reference, or Fangraphs, or The Baseball Cube, or Baseball-Reference (Minors)
- Red Sox finalize an extended deal
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Beckett, Josh |
| Alternative names | Beckett, Joshua Patrick; Beckett, Joshua P. |
| Short description | Major League Baseball pitcher |
| Date of birth | May 15, 1980 |
| Place of birth | Spring, Texas, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Josh_Beckett
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Josh Beckett
http://pt.wn.com/Josh Beckett
http://de.wn.com/Josh Beckett
http://es.wn.com/Josh Beckett
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josh_Beckett
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
