Coordinates | 12°58′0″N77°34′0″N |
---|---|
Official name | Texel |
image alt | Satellite image of the island of Texel and its surroundings |
Flag size | 120x80px |
Flag alt | Green and black flag of texel |
Image shield | Texel wapen.svg |
Shield size | 120x80px |
Coordinates region | NL |
Subdivision type | Country |
Subdivision name | Netherlands |
Subdivision type1 | Province |
Subdivision name1 | North Holland |
Leader name | C.J. Geldorp-Pantekoek |
Leader party | VVD |
Area footnotes | (2006) |
Area total km2 | 463.28 |
Area land km2 | 161.96 |
Area water km2 | 301.32 |
Population as of | 1 January 2007 |
Population note | Source: CBS, Statline. |
Settlement type | Municipality |
Population total | 13617 |
Population density km2 | 84 |
Timezone | CET |
Utc offset | +1 |
Timezone dst | CEST |
Utc offset dst | +2 |
Latns | N |
Longew | E |
Website | www.texel.nl }} |
Texel is a municipality and an island in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is the biggest and most populated of the Frisian Islands in the Wadden Sea, and also the westernmost of this archipelago, which extends to Denmark. The next island in the archipelago, to the north of Texel, is Vlieland.
The name Texel is Frisian, but because of historical sound-changes in Dutch, where all -x- sounds have been replaced with -s- sounds (compare for instance English Fox, Frisian Fokse, German Fuchs with Dutch Vos), the name is typically pronounced Tessel in Dutch.
The municipality also includes the uninhabited sand bar of Noorderhaaks. The island of Texel, which received city rights in 1415, originally was made up of two islands, Texel proper to the south and Eierland to the northwest, which were connected by shoals. In the seventeenth century, the islands were poldered together. Today, Texel forms the largest natural barrier between the North Sea and the Wadden Sea.
The dune landscape on Texel is a unique habitat for wildlife. Texel is known for its wildlife, particularly in winter, when birds of prey and geese take up residence. About one third of Texel is a protected nature reserve.
Notable battles involving Texel:
Texel is also famous in military history as the only place that a navy was defeated on horseback. Occupying Holland in January 1795, the French continental army learned that the mighty Dutch navy had been frozen into the ice around Texel Island, so Commandant Louis Joseph Lahure and 128 men simply rode up to it and demanded surrender. No shots were fired.
During the American Revolution, Texel was used as a haven port for the reeling USS Bonhomme Richard after it had defeated the British ship HMS Serapis off the coast of Flamborough Head in Britain in September 1779. That ship was captained by John Paul Jones. This event further complicated Anglo-Dutch relations.
On the night of 31 August 1940, the sea to the northwest of Texel was the scene of the sinking of two British destroyers and the severe damage of a third by German mines in what became known as the Texel Disaster.
Category:Islands of the Netherlands Category:Frisian Islands
ar:تيكسل (هولندا) an:Texel br:Texel ca:Texel de:Texel (Insel) et:Texel es:Texel eo:Texel eu:Texel fr:Texel (Pays-Bas) fy:Tessel gl:Texel id:Texel is:Texel it:Texel he:טסל jv:Texel li:Texel ms:Texel nl:Texel nds-nl:Tessel ja:テセル no:Texel nn:Texel oc:Texel pl:Texel pt:Texel ro:Texel ru:Тексел (остров) fi:Texel sv:Texel uk:Тесел vi:Texel vo:Texel vls:Texel war:Texel zea:Texel zh:特塞尔This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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