An adult is a human being or living organism that is of relatively mature age, typically associated with sexual maturity and the attainment of reproductive age. In human context, the term has other subordinate meanings associated with social and legal concepts; for example, a legal adult is a legal concept for a person who has attained the age of majority and is therefore regarded as independent, self-sufficient, and responsible (contrast with "minor"). Adulthood can be defined in terms of physiology, psychological adult development, law, personal character, or social status.

Biological adulthood

Historically and cross-culturally, adulthood has been determined primarily by the start of puberty (the appearance of secondary sex characteristics such as menstruation in women, ejaculation in men, and pubic hair in both sexes). In the past, a person usually moved from the status of child directly to the status of adult, often with this shift being marked by some type of coming-of-age test or ceremony.

Most medical and general English dictionaries define childhood as the period from infancy to puberty, thus historically adulthood began with puberty. After the social construct of adolescence was created, adulthood split into two forms: ''biological adulthood'' and ''social adulthood.'' Thus, there are now two primary forms of adults: biological adults (people who have attained reproductive ability, are fertile, or who evidence secondary sex characteristics) and social adults (people who are recognized by their culture and/or law as being adults). Depending on the context, ''adult'' can indicate either definition.

Although few or no established dictionaries provide a definition for the two word term biological adult, the first definition of adult in multiple dictionaries includes "the stage of the life cycle of an animal after reproductive capacity has been attained". Thus, the base definition of the word adult is the period beginning at puberty. Although this is the primary definition of the base word adult, the two word term ''biological adult'' stresses or clarifies that the original definition, based on the beginning of puberty, is being used (that is, the organism has matured to the biologically important point of being able to reproduce).

Although there is no scientific agreement on when physical maturation completes, in modern society social adulthood somewhat corresponds to the completion of physical maturation. Because the term adult is most often used without the adjective social or biological, and since the term is frequently used to refer to social adults, some writers have taken the meaning of the two word phrase biological adult to begin at the end of physical maturation rather than the onset of puberty.

In modern developed countries, puberty and therefore biological adulthood generally begins around 10 or 11 years of age for girls and 12 or 13 years of age for boys, though this will vary from person to person.

Legal adulthood

Legally it means that one can engage in a contract. The same or a different minimum age may be applicable to, for example, parents losing parenting rights and duties regarding the person concerned, parents losing financial responsibility, marriage, voting, having a job, serving in the military, buying/possessing firearms (if legal at all), driving, traveling abroad, involvement with alcoholic beverages (if legal at all), smoking, sex, gambling (both lottery and casino) being a prostitute or a client of a prostitute (if legal at all), being a model or actor in pornography, etc. Admission of a young person to a place may be restricted because of danger for that person, concern that the place may lead the person to immoral behavior, and/or because of the risk that the young person causes damage (for example, at an exhibition of fragile items).

One can distinguish the legality of acts of a young person, and of enabling a young person to carry out that act, by selling, renting out, showing, permitting entrance, participating, etc. There may be distinction between commercially and socially enabling. Sometimes there is the requirement of supervision by a legal guardian, or just by an adult. Sometimes there is no requirement, but just a recommendation.

With regard to pornography one can distinguish:

being allowed inside an adult establishment

being allowed to purchase pornography

being allowed to possess pornography

another person being allowed to sell, rent out, or show the young person pornography, see disseminating pornography to a minor

being a pornographic actor: rules for the young person, and for other people, regarding production, possession, etc. (see child pornography)

With regard to films with violence, etc.:

another person being allowed to sell, rent out, or show the young person a film, a cinema being allowed to let a young person (under 18) enter

The legal definition of entering adulthood usually varies between ages 16–21, depending on the region in question. Some cultures in Africa define adult at age 13.

According to Jewish tradition, adulthood is reached at age 13 (the age of the Bar Mitzvah), for Jewish boys, for example, are expected to demonstrate preparation for adulthood by learning the Torah and other Jewish practices. The Christian Bible and Jewish scripture has no age requirement for adulthood or marrying, which includes engaging in sexual activity. The age of consent for sexual relations in the Vatican is 13, the age when many girls achieve menses, and are thus reproductive and therefore physically capable of marriage and childbirth. However, the Vatican does not allow sex outside of marriage. The 1983 Code of Canon Law states, "A man before he has completed his sixteenth year of age, and likewise a woman before she has completed her fourteenth year of age, cannot enter a valid marriage". According to ''The Disappearance of Childhood'' by Neil Postman, the Christian Church of the Middle Ages considered the age of accountability, when a person could be tried and even executed as an adult, to be age 7.

In most of the world, including most of the United States, parts of the United Kingdom (England, Northern Ireland, Wales), India and China, the legal adult age is 18 (historically 21) for most purposes, with some notable exceptions: # The United Kingdom: Scotland (16) # British Columbia, New Brunswick, Newfoundland and Labrador, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Nunavut, Yukon Territory in Canada; Nebraska and Alabama in The United States, and South Korea (19) # Indonesia and Japan (20)

See also

References

Category:Adulthood Category:Biology

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Coordinates	41°52′55″N87°37′40″N
name	Koren Zailckas
birth date	1980
occupation	Writer
genre	Memoir
notableworks	''Smashed''
website	http://www.korenzailckas.com/ }}

Koren Zailckas (born 1980) is a bestselling American writer and memoirist. Her debut, ''Smashed'', was released in 2005 by Viking Penguin and became a ''New York Times'' bestseller. Zailckas attended Nashoba Regional High School in Bolton, Massachusetts and Syracuse University.

Smashed

''Smashed'' chronicles Zailckas' decade-long struggle with alcohol abuse, beginning at fourteen, in an effort to explain the binge drinking phenomenon that plagues America's youth.

Around the time she quit drinking, Zailckas became preoccupied with an old memory, which involved a night that she had her stomach pumped when she was 16. According to Zailckas, she had not thought about that night in a number of years, but she suddenly could not get it out of her head. Eventually, she sat down and wrote about it. The piece later became a chapter in her book.

Around the same time, Zailckas was hearing a lot in the news about “girls of her generation” and how they were drinking younger and more than all the generations of women who'd gone before them. The Harvard School of Public Health reported, between 1993 and 2001, there was a threefold increase in the number of women who reported being drunk on ten or more occasions in the previous month. ''Time'' magazine ran a cover story about female binge drinkers. Zailckas did not agree with what the psychologists and the sociologists, the clinicians and the statisticians had to say, which was: “girls today are drinking more because they’re just so damn liberated, because they’re bursting with confidence and girl power, because they believe they can match boys everywhere, including the bar.” In her own experience, the author says, she and her female friends drank largely because it was an expression of their unhappiness and lack of confidence. It occurred to Zailckas, then 23, that she could offer a younger perspective.

As a writer, Zailckas says her writing is informed by memoirists Mary Karr, Nick Flynn, Tobias Wolff, as well as novelists T.C. Boyle, Jeffrey Eugenides, A.M. Homes, Richard Ford, Haruki Murakami. She's also admitted she is heavily influenced by music and song lyrics. Zailckas has been quoted as saying, "If you're a writer, there's a lot of inspiration to be found in lyrics. That's the first thing I do before I get to work in the morning: have a cup of coffee and put on a record."

On September 1, 2008 Zailckas married Eamon Hamilton, singer and songwriter of the acclaimed band Brakes, whom she met on the social networking site Myspace, in Romainville, France.

''Fury'': A Sequel to ''Smashed''

In February 2010, Koren Zailckas announced a sequel to ''Smashed'' on her Facebook page. Her follow-up, ''Fury: a Memoir'' came out on September 7, 2010. It was published by Viking Penguin, who described it as relating her exploration with her feelings of anger, the effects of that anger and the psychological aspects of repression and the turmoil of her own life which caused it. The book combines sociological research with her personal story.

Memoir-Writing

Zailckas downplays the catharsis of memoir-writing, saying, "All said and done, I'm reluctant to say writing ''Smashed'' was cathartic. For one, I think we assign that term to women far more often than we assign it to men. All too often, men's works are deemed 'literature' and women's are dismissed as 'therapy.' On a personal level, sure, it's easier to discuss old indignities. Talking, for instance, about a horrifying blackout doesn't rattle me the way it used to. I'm not convinced I've come to term with old aches as much as I've had to numb myself to them for the sake of spreading the book's message. Ultimately, I think a memoir leaves its author with more terror than comfort, more questions than closure. More than anything, I feel a growing breach between 'me' and the 'me' on the page. It's an occupational hazard, I guess. I feel sort of exiled from my own experiences."

She also says she finds writing fiction more challenging than writing narrative non-fiction. "For me, fiction-writing is about escapism. Whereas memoir-writing is about facing cold, harsh realities. I'll let you guess which one is more of a party... Naw, in reality, there are challenges to both. In memoir, there's the burden of truth. And in fiction, there's the burden of fantasy. Me, I find fiction harder. There are so many possibilities in fiction. The story can go absolutely anywhere. And that overwhelms me. That strikes fear in my timid, little heart. I like being restricted to the cage of fact, the coop of reality. Without it, I feel a certain agoraphobia."

Alcoholism

Zailckas has been challenged by some readers who want to dispute her assertion that she is "not an alcoholic." In interviews, Zailckas maintains: "I’ve talked to a lot of addiction counselors who say alcoholism is made up of two things: abuse and addiction. God knows I had that abuse down pat. But I don’t know that I necessarily felt (or feel) that addiction. And so no, I don’t identify myself as an alcoholic. That identity didn’t feel true to me, so I didn’t write it. I also think the brand 'alcoholic' prevents a lot of people, especially young people, from seeking help or even reevaluating their relationship with alcohol. In my mind, the whole point of ''Smashed'' is to say, you don’t have to be a quote-unquote alcoholic in order to examine the underlying reasons why you're drinking."

Work

''Smashed: Story of a Drunken Girlhood''. New York: Viking/Penguin Group (USA), 2005. ISBN 0-670-03376-6

''Fury'', 2010

Appearances

As a journalist, she has contributed to ''The Guardian'', ''U.S. News & World Report'', ''Glamour'', ''Jane'', and ''Seventeen'' magazine. She has promoted her book on ''20/20'', ''Good Morning America'', CBS Evening News with Katie Couric, ''Anderson Cooper 360'', ''The View'', ''Topic A with Tina Brown'' and ''The Tyra Banks Show'', among others.

References

External links

Author's official website

Amazon.com entry for "Fury"

Amazon.com entry for "Smashed"

Salon.com article on Zailckas and review of ''Smashed''

review of ''Fury: A Memoir''

An interview with Koren Zailckas at Hecklerspray

JANE">Koren Zailckas at JANE

The Guardian">Koren Zailckas at The Guardian

U.S. News and World Report">Koren Zailckas at U.S. News and World Report

Category:1980 births Category:Living people Category:American people of Lithuanian descent Category:Syracuse University alumni Category:Writers from Massachusetts Category:People from Worcester County, Massachusetts

Nathaniel Philbrick (born 1956) is an American author and a winner of the National Book Award for his 2000 work of maritime history ''In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Whaleship Essex''. He is member of the Philbrick literary family.

Life

Nathaniel Philbrick was born June 11, 1956 Boston, Massachusetts. He currently lives in Nantucket, Massachusetts. He is married to Melissa Douthart Philbrick, the Executive Director of Remain Nantucket.

Education

Philbrick graduated from Taylor Allderdice High School in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, earned his bachelor's degree in English at Brown University, and his master's degree in American literature at Duke University.

Philbrick was Brown’s first Intercollegiate All-American sailor in 1978; that year he won the Sunfish North Americans in Barrington, Rhode Island.

Family

Philbrick is married to Melissa Douthart Philbrick, who is Executive Director of Remain Nantucket. They have two children Jennie and Ethan. He moved to Nantucket, Massachusetts in 1986, and is a leading authority on the history of the island.

Career

After graduate school, Philbrick worked for four years at ''Sailing World'' magazine; was a freelancer for a number of years, during which time he wrote/edited several sailing books, including ''Yaahting: A Parody'' (1984), for which he was the editor-in-chief; during this time he was also the primary caregiver for his two children. After moving to Nantucket in 1986, he became interested in the history of the island and wrote ''Away Off Shore: Nantucket Island and Its People''. He was offered the opportunity to start the Egan Maritime Institute in 1995.

In 2000 he published ''In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Whaleship Essex''. This was followed by ''Sea of Glory: America’s Voyage of Discovery, The U.S. Exploring Expedition'', in 2003. In 2006, Philbrick published a new history of the founding of the Plymouth colony in the United States, ''Mayflower: A Story of Courage, Community, and War''. ''The Last Stand: Custer, Sitting Bull, and the Battle of the Little Bighorn'' was published in May 2010. He is presently at work on a book about Boston during the early years of the Revolution.

Awards

''Mayflower'' was a finalist for both the 2007 Pulitzer Prize in History and the ''Los Angeles Times'' Book Award and was winner of the Massachusetts Book Award for nonfiction. ''In the Heart of the Sea'' won the National Book Award for nonfiction; ''Revenge of the Whale'' won a ''Boston Globe'' Horn Book Award; ''Sea of Glory'' won the Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt Naval History Prize and the Albion-Monroe Award from the National Maritime Historical Society. Philbrick has also received the Byrne Waterman Award from the Kendall Whaling Museum, the Samuel Eliot Morison Award for distinguished service from the USS Constitution Museum, the Nathaniel Bowditch Award from the American Merchant Marine Museum, the William Bradford Award from the Pilgrim Society, the Boston History Award from the Bostonian Society, and the New England Book Award from the New England Independent Booksellers Association.

See also

Stephen Philbrick

Frank Philbrick

Rodman Philbrick

Notes

References

The Last Stand? Yes. The Last Word? Never. Michiko Kakutani in ''The New York Times'', June 3, 2010

Men on Horseback Bruce Barcott review in the ''New York Times Sunday Book Review'', June 10, 2010.

Beyond Nantucket With Nathaniel Philbrick. Bruce Percelay in ''N Magazine'', May 25, 2010.

External links

American Merchant Marine Museum

Little Bighorn, Large Legend, Roger D. McGrath, The Wall Street Journal, 18 June 2010

The Last Stand of Custer and Sitting Bull, Bookpod audio essay

Category:American writers Category:American maritime historians Category:Writers from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Category:Brown University alumni Category:1956 births Category:Living people Category:Duke University alumni Category:National Book Award winners

la:Nathaniel Philbrick

Coordinates	41°52′55″N87°37′40″N
name	The Sports Network (TSN)
logofile	TSN Logo.svg
logocaption	TSN logo
logosize	180px
launch	September 1, 1984
picture format	1080i (HDTV)(2003-present)480i (SDTV)(1984-present)
owner	CTV Specialty Television (Bell Media 80%/ESPN 20%) ''(The Sports Network Inc.)''
slogan	Canada's Sports Leader
country	Canada
broadcast area	National
headquarters	Toronto, Ontario
sister names	TSN2, RDS, RIS
web	www.tsn.ca
sat serv 1	Bell TV
sat chan 1	Channel 400 (SD) Channel 1400 (HD)
sat serv 2	Shaw Direct
sat chan 2	Channel 400 (SD) Channel 280 (HD)
cable serv 1	Available on most Canadian cable systems
cable chan 1	Check local listings, channels may vary
iptv serv 1	Bell Aliant TV
iptv chan 1	Channel 100 (SD)Channel 470 (HD)
iptv serv 2	Bell Fibe TV
iptv chan 2	Channel 400 (SD)Channel 1400 (HD)
iptv serv 3	MTS
iptv chan 3	Channel 22 (SD)Channel 475 (HD)
iptv serv 4	Optik TV
iptv chan 4	Channel 110 (SD)Channel 660 (HD)
iptv serv 5	SaskTel
iptv chan 5	Channel 110 (SD)Channel 410 (HD) }}

The Sports Network, commonly abbreviated as TSN, is a Canadian English language cable television specialty channel and is Canada's leading English language sports TV channel. TSN premiered in 1984, in the first group of Canadian specialty cable channels. TSN is owned by CTV Specialty Television, a joint venture of Bell Media (80%) and ESPN (20%).

History

Licensed by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) on April 2, 1984 as ''Action Canada Sports Network'', the channel was launched by the Labatt Brewing Company on September 1^st of the same year as "The Sports Network", or "TSN". TSN was formed partly to promote Labatt's flagship products, but also to act as a vehicle for the Toronto Blue Jays baseball team (which was also owned by Labatt at the time). Due to CRTC regulations on the foreign ownership of broadcasters, Labatt was forced to sell TSN upon its acquisition by Interbrew in 1995. Labatt's broadcasting assets were sold to a privately held consortium named NetStar Communications, the investors of which included a number of Canadian firms as well as ESPN, which held about 30%.

In 2000, after ESPN blocked two attempts by the Canadian partners to sell NetStar to CanWest Global, CTV Inc. acquired the Canadian partners' shares thanks in part to ESPN's disapproval of CanWest Global. CTV Inc. was acquired by Bell Canada and The Woodbridge Company (owners of The Globe and Mail newspaper) as part of the joint venture Bell Globemedia in 2001 (which then became CTVglobemedia after Bell sold off some of its interest in the company to others in 2007, and then Bell Media in 2011 when Bell Canada re-acquired it entirely, and sold back its majority stake in The Globe and Mail). As a result, CTV would also sell its regional sports network CTV Sportsnet to Rogers Media, who re-christened it Rogers Sportsnet. Incidentally, while TSN would move its operations to CTV's Agincourt complex after the acquisition, Rogers Sportsnet would not immediately move from Agincourt, effectively having the two competing networks sharing the same headquarters. This oddity would be referenced on-air by personalities on both networks, with many referring to moving between TSN and Sportsnet as "crossing the parking lot." Rogers Sportsnet would move from Agincourt to a new studio at the Rogers Building in Downtown Toronto in 2008.

Plans were made to re-launch TSN as ESPN Canada in 2001. However, due to the name recognition and value of the brand, the TSN name was maintained. However, TSN would begin incorporating elements of ESPN's branding into their own throughout the year, including a new logo using a similar design to ESPN's, and the re-naming of its sports news program ''SportsDesk'' to ''SportsCentre'' (a variation of ESPN's SportsCenter, rendered using Canadian English).

Acquisition of Hockey Rights

''The Globe and Mail'' reported that CTVglobemedia bid $1.4 billion (CDN) over 10 years for full Canadian broadcasting rights to the National Hockey League, which would include cable and over-the-air rights in both English and French, i.e., coverage on CTV, TSN and RDS. However in March 2007, CBC Television retained the rights to Saturday night games and the Stanley Cup Finals in a new contract with the NHL. TSN renewed its national cable rights with expanded Canadian team coverage.

Alternate feeds and affiliated channels

TSN initially established an alternate feed in 1997 to allow the service to carry some programming regionally, in place of the regular TSN service on analog cable, if required due to blackout restrictions. On August 29, 2008, this feed was relaunched as a 24-hour channel known as TSN2. The channel, which is now available only on digital cable or satellite TV, carries over 800 hours a year of live coverage not carried by TSN, selected studio programming from ESPN not carried by the main channel, and other timeshifted programming aired earlier on TSN.

In October 2010, TSN announced the launch of a third channel, in this case a part-time feed to carry regional broadcasts of Montreal Canadiens games, in the eastern Canadian territory shared by Montreal and the Ottawa Senators. This feed (referred to on the Canadiens' website as "TSN Habs") is currently carried as a standalone channel by Bell TV and Bell Aliant TV. TSN says it is working to widen the channel's distribution, but thus far, no service provider without a corporate affiliation to TSN has agreed to carry the channel.

TSN's sister French language sports service is ''Réseau des sports'' (RDS), which in turn has its own secondary digital channel, ''Réseau Info Sports''. TSN also owns ESPN Classic Canada and is the managing partner in NHL Network Canada.

For a time, sports news segments on CTV owned-and-operated stations and on both CTV News Channel and Toronto's CablePulse 24 were co-branded with TSN. CTV News Channel no longer carries regular sports segments, while local CTV stations and CP24 have largely phased out the co-branding.

TSN Radio

After a longstanding speculation about TSN's interest in launching its own TSN-branded radio network, TSN entered radio broadcasting with the launch of the first TSN Radio station, TSN Radio 1050 in Toronto on April 13, 2011. Bell Media's Bell Media Radio division already operates several sports radio stations elsewhere in Canada most of which currently branded under The Team moniker, and it is expected that (if the launch of TSN Radio 1050 was a success) they will eventually adopt the TSN Radio branding as well, forming a sports radio network.

Programming

TSN's flagship programme is a highlights and sports news show that airs several times a day. Before fall 2001, the show was called ''Sportsdesk''. As part of the channel's corporate restructuring in 2001, minority owner ESPN got TSN to drop the ''Sportsdesk'' name and replace it with their ''SportsCenter'' brand (Canadianised to ''SportsCentre'') and their ''SC'' logo. The studio was also redesigned to look like ESPN's, and even promo commercials were recorded that resembled those used by ESPN to promote its ''SportsCenter''. In 2006, TSN built a new studio to support high-definition broadcasts and on September 25, ''SportsCentre'' became the first daily newscast in Canada to be broadcast in High Definition.

TSN also airs ESPN original programming, including ''Sunday NFL Countdown'', ''Monday Night Football'', and ''Pardon the Interruption'', as well as a number of events for which ESPN owns the worldwide or North American rights.

The major U.S.-based leagues sell Canadian broadcasting rights separately, hence ESPN-branded coverage is sometimes found on Sportsnet (baseball) or The Score (college sports).

The network covers and broadcasts most major national and international sports, such as National Hockey League (NHL), National Football League (NFL), UEFA Champions League, and Canadian Football League (CFL) games, and Formula One auto racing.

TSN also hosts much of Canada's supplementary Olympic coverage, being the first pay-TV station in the world to ever broadcast the Olympics with the 1988 Olympic Winter Games in Calgary, and having been part of the CBC's coverage from 1998 to 2008. The station will be part of CTV's coverage from 2010 to 2012.

TSN is the master rights-holder for the CFL, but sub-licensed the English-language rights to selected games, including the playoffs, to CBC through 2007. On December 20, 2006, the rights to all CFL games were transferred to TSN and French sister station RDS as of the 2008 season, playoff and Grey Cup games included.

In addition to ''Monday Night Football'' and the CFL, TSN broadcasts ''NBC Sunday Night Football'' and the NFL Network's package. Beginning in 2007, it produces a Sunday afternoon telecast for CTV, although the feed is taken from CBS or FOX.

It also shares the Canadian broadcast rights to the PGA Tour with The Golf Channel, as well as NASCAR, the Toronto Blue Jays, and the National Basketball Association with Sportsnet and/or The Score. TSN's NBA coverage mostly features the Toronto Raptors, but it does hold exclusive Canadian broadcast rights to the NBA Finals, using the ABC feed.

As noted elsewhere, much of TSN's coverage, especially for the NFL, NBA games not involving the Raptors, UEFA Champions League, Grand Slams, Indy Racing League, and NASCAR, is simulcast with ESPN or ABC. Any U.S. programming available in high definition (regardless of network) is also broadcast on TSN's HD feed.

TSN often picks up American feeds of NHL games involving American teams if NBC or Versus is televising the game in the U.S. so they can save production costs and sim-sub on Bell TV. In almost a reverse fashion, TSN's coverage of the first round of the NHL Entry Draft is simulcast on Versus, although ESPN picked up TSN's coverage of previous drafts; this is because TSN offers coverage similar to what ESPN does for the NFL Draft and NBA Draft.

Hockey

TSN bills itself as the 'home for Hockey' in Canada. TSN holds the national rights to broadcast the NHL in Canada except for Saturday nights (those rights belong to CBC for their ''Hockey Night in Canada'' programme). On Wednesday nights, they enjoy "exclusive" rights, meaning no regional NHL broadcast in Canada may compete with TSN's. Their broadcasts on this night are branded ''Wednesday Night Hockey''. Their entire NHL package is branded the ''NHL on TSN''.

Beginning in 2008-09, the NHL had change the determination of playoff television rights in Canada. TSN will now have the third, fifth, and seventh choices of the first-round playoff series, regardless of the teams involved. This means that, for the first time ever, Canadian-based teams may have their playoff games appear on cable, instead of over-the-air.

Hockey Canada and TSN are in the middle of a 7-year contract that gives TSN the rights to broadcast the IIHF World Junior Championships, Men's and Women's World Hockey Championship, Men's Under-18 World Championships, Allan Cup, Royal Bank Cup, Spengler Cup, Telus Cup and ESSO Women's Nationals.

TSN's parent, CTV Inc., acquired the rights to ''The Hockey Theme'' after the CBC decided not to renew its rights to the theme song in June 2008 amid a legal dispute with its composer, Dolores Claman. A re-orchestrated version of the tune, which has been the theme song of ''Hockey Night in Canada'' for 40 years, has been used for hockey broadcasts on TSN and RDS since fall 2008.

TSN has aired Montreal Canadiens games in the Canadiens viewing region since October 25, 2010. TSN will also start airing Winnipeg Jets games in the Jets viewing region starting in Fall 2011.

Canadian content

TSN has frequently produced its own coverage of events based in Canada, including NHL, CFL, Blue Jays, and curling events. The TSN Skins Game is an invitational curling tournament sponsored and operated by the network. For major national and international events, including the Tim Hortons Brier, the Scotties Tournament of Hearts and the Ford World Championships, it has historically had a curling broadcast deal where the round-robin and page-playoff quarter-finals have aired on the network, while the semi-final and final rounds air on CBC.

On June 15, 2006, the Canadian Curling Association announced that TSN/CTV would obtain exclusive rights to curling broadcasts in Canada as of the 2008-09 season, shutting CBC Television out of the championship weekend for the first time in 40-plus years.

Canadian University sports events are also sometimes featured, as well as coverage of women's international hockey.

Wrestling

TSN featured live professional wrestling in the form of World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE)'s flagship show, ''RAW'' for over a decade. However, the ''WWE Raw'' program, which aired live, occasionally had been censored live for extremely violent scenes, or when female wrestlers or characters were assaulted by male wrestlers. These actions are supposed to be in order to meet Canadian broadcast standards, with repeat broadcasts often more heavily edited.

This has disappointed many wrestling fans over the years, and is unusual since the violence of wrestling scenes are not significantly different from other television programs aired on regular Canadian networks. It was expected that in fall 2006, when TSN started airing the ESPN iteration of ''Monday Night Football'' (as well as the ''NBC Sunday Night Football'' games), that ''WWE RAW'' was expected to air on tape delay during the NFL season. However, the WWE decided to move the program to rival sports network The Score rather than air on tape delay, although ''RAW'' continues to air on tape delay on The Score by 15 minutes, for editing purposes in addition to limits on the amount of live programming the Score can air in a week.

In 2004, both TSN and Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) Wrestling, (known then as NWA-TNA), erroneously announced that ''Impact!'' would air on the network, although that deal was never completed and the article on the TSN Wrestling page was taken down shortly after. However, TSN's French-language sister network RDS airs the program.

In past years, TSN also aired shows from the American Wrestling Association (AWA), Stampede Wrestling and World Championship Wrestling (WCW) ''Monday Night Nitro'', as well as producing a one-hour show called ''Pro Wrestling Plus'', which featured highlights from various promotions and was hosted by Stampede announcer Ed Whalen; that program was the Canadian equivalent of the syndicated American program ''Pro Wrestling This Week''.

The final episode of ''WWE RAW'', aired July 31, 2006, although it did not end the relationship between TSN and WWE as the 2007 WWE Hall of Fame induction ceremony was aired on the network. As well, Off The Record with Michael Landsberg continues to occasionally feature professional wrestlers in unscripted interviews, which it has throughout its run.

Other sports

From August 2009, TSN and TSN2 have commenced screening live and delayed coverage of Australian Rules Football. Selected games from the Australian Football League (or AFL as the competition is also known) Premiership Season and Finals Series including the AFL Grand Final are broadcast live or on delay every weekend.

Personalities

Current

Russ Anber – ''In This Corner'' analyst

Jack Armstrong - Basketball analyst

Kate Beirness - ''SportsCentre'' anchor

Rod Black – Toronto Blue Jays, Toronto Raptors, and ''CFL on TSN'' play-by-play announcer

Shawn Churchill – Winnipeg reporter

Jock Climie – ''CFL on TSN'' studio analyst

Chris Cuthbert – ''CFL on TSN'' and ''NHL on TSN'' play-by-play announcer

James Cybulski – Toronto reporter

Darren Dreger – ''NHL on TSN'' Insider

Darren Dutchyshen – ''SportsCentre'' anchor / ''In This Corner'' host

Matt Dunigan – ''CFL on TSN'' studio and colour analyst

James Duthie – ''NHL on TSN'' studio host

Claude Feig - Toronto reporter

Ray Ferraro - ''NHL on TSN'' colour analyst

Duane Forde – ''CFL on TSN'' colour analyst

Sheri Forde – Toronto reporter

Jermain Franklin – Calgary reporter

Jennifer Hedger – ''SportsCentre'' anchor

Leah Hextall – ''SportsCentre'' host (substitute)

Dave Hodge – ''The Reporters'' host

Paul Hollingsworth – Halifax/Atlantic Canada reporter

Holly Horton – ''SportsCentre'' anchor

Russ Howard – Curling on TSN colour analyst

Lee Jones – Regina reporter

Steve Kouleas – ''That's Hockey 2Nite'' host

Michael Landsberg – ''Off The Record'' host

Farhan Lalji – Vancouver reporter

John Lu – Montreal reporter

Maggie the Macaque – ''NHL on TSN'' playoff prognosticator

Bob McKenzie – ''NHL on TSN'' Insider, hockey analyst

Gord Miller – play-by-play announcer for the ''NHL on TSN'', World Junior Hockey Championships and occasionally''CFL on TSN''

Linda Moore- Curling on TSN colour analyst

Bryan Mudryk – ''SportsCentre'' anchor

Dave Naylor - Football analyst

Sara Orlesky – Toronto reporter

Jay Onrait – ''SportsCentre'' anchor

Dan O'Toole – ''SportsCentre'' anchor

Jesse Palmer – ''NFL on TSN'' analyst – Monday Morning Quarterback

Darren Pang – ''NHL on TSN'' studio analyst

Blake Price - Vancouver reporter

Dave Randorf – ''CFL on TSN'' studio host, ''NHL on TSN'' reporter, play-by-play announcer for Canadian women's hockey..

Vic Rauter – Formula One studio host / Curling on TSN play-by-play announcer

Gino Reda – ''That's Hockey'' host

Ryan Rishaug – Edmonton reporter

Darcy Seaton – Edmonton reporter

Dan Shulman – March Madness on TSN studio analyst. Also featured in Sportscentre segments. (Former Toronto Blue Jays, ''NHL on TSN'' and ''NBA on TSN'' play-by-play; now play-by-play for ESPN, although TSN may simulcast games he calls)

Chris Schultz – ''CFL on TSN'' studio analyst

Rod Smith – ''SportsCentre'' anchor

Milt Stegall – ''CFL on TSN'' studio analyst (substitute)

Glen Suitor – ''CFL on TSN'' colour analyst

Pat Tabler – Toronto Blue Jays colour analyst

Brent Wallace – Ottawa reporter

Bob Weeks – [Score Golf Television] host and golf analyst

Michael Whalen – Montreal reporter

Luke Wileman - Toronto FC play-by-play

Brian Williams – Olympic games host and ''CFL on TSN'' on site host

Cory Woron – ''SportsCentre'' anchor

Various reporters and analysts from ESPN (such as Chris Berman , Barry Melrose and Steve Phillips) may also be featured in certain segments.

Former

Thea Andrews (later a correspondent/Sub. Host/Weekend edition co-host for ''Entertainment Tonight'' from 2006 to 2009)

David Amber (now works at the NHL Network)

Dale Barnes (former soccer announcer)

Lisa Bowes (former Winnipeg and Calgary reporter; now a reporter at CTV Calgary)

Mark Bunting (former Winnipeg and Toronto reporter; now with BNN)

Peter Burwash (former Tennis analyst)

Ken Chilibeck (former Edmonton reporter)

Brendan Connor (now a sports anchor at Al-Jazeera English)

Gary Green (former ''NHL on TSN'' colour analyst; now an analyst at the NHL Network)

Lisa Hillary (now an anchor and reporter at Comcast SportsNet Philadelphia)

Jim Hughson (former ''NHL on TSN'' and Toronto Blue Jays play-by-play; now ''Hockey Night in Canada'' play-by-play on CBC)

Teresa Kruze (former ''Sportsdesk'' anchor; now an anchor and reporter at CTVglobemedia's 24-hour news channel based in Toronto, CP24)

Robyn Matsumoto (former TSN Maritimes reporter)

Pierre McGuire – (former colour analyst / studio analyst for the ''NHL on TSN'' and World Junior Hockey Championships; now a hockey analyst for NBC Sports and Versus)

Wray Morrison (former Regina reporter; now at CKOM)

Leif Pettersen (former ''CFL on TSN'' colour analyst; deceased)

Paul Romanuk (former ''NHL on TSN'' play-by-play; now a freelance sportscaster in London, England)

Chris Sedens (former ''Sportsdesk'' anchor, now with KNX (AM))

Mike Toth (former ''Sportsdesk'' anchor and ''Baseball Tonight'' host)

Ray Turnbull (Former Curling on TSN colour analyst)

Jim Van Horne (former ''Sportsdesk'' anchor and ''NHL on TSN'' studio host; now an anchor at the NHL Network)

Alex J. Walling (former TSN Halifax/Atlantic Canada reporter)

John Wells (former ''CFL on TSN'' play-by-play, ''NHL on TSN'' studio host; now retired)

Original programmes

''CFL on TSN'' – Live coverage of CFL games with Dave Randorf in studio and a panel joining him to analyze the games – Jock Climie, Matt Dunigan and Chris Schultz. Friday broadcasts are known as ''Friday Night Football''

''Curling on TSN'' - Live coverage of the Canadian Curling Association, Continental Cup of Curling, the TSN Skins Game, the World Curling Championships, and Olympic Curling.

''In this Corner'' – The latest news and reports from world of Boxing with Darren Dutchyshen and Russ Anber

''NASCAR Canadian Tire Series'' - Live coverage of select NASCAR Canadian Tire Series races

''NHL on TSN'' – Live coverage of NHL games

''Off The Record'' - talk show featuring various personalities discussing the latest sports headlines with host Michael Landsberg

''SportsCentre'' – Flagship news show on the network

''TSN Profile'' – Biographical portrait of various sports personalities

''TSN The Reporters'' – Sunday roundtable debate that examines the issues making headlines with Dave Hodge and featuring top Canadian Sports journalists

''That's Hockey'' – All the latest news and reports from the National Hockey League with Gino Reda

''TSN Skins Game'' – Annual curling bonspiel

Toronto Raptors Basketball – About 20 games a year. Produced by NBA TV Canada

Former programmes

Vancouver Grizzlies Basketball (1995–2001)

Montreal Expos Baseball (1985–1999, 2001)

Toronto Blue Jays Baseball (1984–2009)

TSN HD

150px|rightTSN HD is a high definition simulcast of TSN that launched on August 15, 2003. TSN HD airs widescreen and high-definition feeds of sporting events when available. On September 25, 2006, SportsCentre transitioned to HD, airing high definition highlights of sporting events when possible, adding even more high definition content to the channel.

TSN.ca

The Sports Network launched their website TSN.ca on October 1, 1995.

International distribution

Jamaica – distributed on Flow Cable systems. Bahamas – distributed on Cable Bahamas systems.

References

12.AFL and ESPN(TSN)in U.S./Canada TV Rights Deal.

13.TV coverage returns to TSN and ESPN.

External links

TSN

TSN HD

Category:Bell Media Category:Television channels and stations established in 1984 Category:CTV Sports Category:Joint ventures Category:Toronto Raptors broadcasters

fr:The Sports Network ko:스포츠 네트워크 it:TSN (rete televisiva) ja:The Sports Network simple:The Sports Network fi:The Sports Network