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![Silk - Lose Control (AuDio) + Lyrics [1992]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121006233528im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/vQpEQln2-s8/0.jpg "(talking) I'm sorry I never meant to hurt you I really didn't I'm so sorry I just want you to sit down for just a minute Let me talk to you Last night we had an argument You told me you love me All the things I said I never meant No baby I didn't mean to make you cry I didn't mean to make you say bye bye bye Baby won't you let me look inside your soul Let me make you lose control Let me be the one you need Baby just come to me Now tell me girl what you want from me Whatever it is you desire I wanna give my baby I wanna feel your body yearn All your softest spots I plan to learn Baby won't you let me just kiss you down Make you spin around and 'round Flip you girl from left to right If you don't mind Baby can I just spend the night (talking) You know what I'm talking about baby I never meant to hurt you I never wanted to see you cry So I'm right here now baby I'm asking you, I'm begging you Just give me one more chance baby Baby won't you let me just kiss you down Make you spin around and 'round Flip you girl from left to right If you don't mind Baby can I just spend the night Let me turn you on Can I turn you on Can I turn you on Till the break of dawn baby (repeat) ad lib till end")
![Silk - giselle rosselli [official]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121006233528im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/F_IhJq-Jpdc/0.jpg "Independent single release, april 2012. www.itunes.apple.com/au/album/silk-single/id519303761 official pages: facebook.com/music.giselle twitter.com/#!/gisellerosselli Drum production assistance by George Nicholas. Vocal recordings with Sam Brumby. Cover art by Giselle featuring photos by Timothy Hart.")
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Bhoodhan Pochampally
Bhoodhan Pochampally () is a Mandal in Nalgonda District. Nalgonda District, in turn is a district in Andhra Pradesh in southern India and is popularily known as Silk City () of India.
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Brazil (; , ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (, ), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
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Cappadocia
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Changsha () is the capital city of Hunan, a province of south-central China, located on the lower reaches of Xiang river, a branch of the Yangtze River. Its municipality covers an area of 11,819 sq. kilometers and has a population of 6,017,600 (2003 intercensal estimate), the urbanized area has around 2.7 million people.
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Genoa ( , ; in Genoese and Ligurian: Zena, ; in Latin and, archaically, in English: Genua) is a city and an important seaport in northern Italy, the capital of the Province of Genoa and of the region of Liguria. The city has a population of about 610,000 and the urban area has a population of about 900,000. Genoa's Metropolitan Area has a population of about 1,400,000. It is also called la Superba ("the Superb one") due to its glorious past. Part of the old city of Genoa was inscribed on the World Heritage List (UNESCO) in 2006 (see below). The city's rich art, music, gastronomy, architecture and history, made it 2004's EU Capital of culture.
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Hampton Court Palace
Hampton Court Palace is a royal palace in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames in south west London; it has not been lived in by the British royal family since the 18th century. The palace is located south west of Charing Cross and upstream of Central London on the River Thames. It was originally built for Cardinal Wolsey, a favourite of King Henry VIII, circa 1514; in 1529, as Wolsey fell from favour, the palace was passed to the King, who enlarged it.
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India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Iran ( ), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in Central Eurasia and Western Asia. The name Iran has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was also known to the western world as Persia. Both Persia and Iran are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.
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Kanivenarayanapura is a centrally located historical town situated 6 km from Chikballapur, 3 km from Nandi Town and 1 km from Muddenahalli in Chikballapur District of Karnataka State. It is adjacent to the birth place of the renowned Mokshagundam Visvesvarayya, one of India's most legendary engineers. It is situated with a picturesque backdrop of the five hills of North Bangalore including Nandi Hills, Channa Giri, Skandagiri, and Brahma Giri.
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Karnataka (, pronounced ) is a state in South West India. It was created on 1 November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as the State of Mysore, it was renamed Karnataka in 1973.
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Lullingstone Castle
Lullingstone Castle is a historic manor house, set in an estate in the village of Lullingstone and the civil parish of Eynsford in the English county of Kent. It has been inhabited by members of the Hart Dyke family for twenty generations.
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Macclesfield is a market town within the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, with a population of about 50,688 (2001 census for Macclesfield urban sub-area). A person from Macclesfield is sometimes referred to as a "Maxonian".
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Malaysia
Malaysia (pronounced or ) is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia. It consists of thirteen states and three federal territories and has a total landmass of . The country is separated by the South China Sea into two regions, Peninsular Malaysia and Malaysian Borneo (also known as West and East Malaysia respectively). Malaysia shares land borders with Thailand, Indonesia, and Brunei and has maritime boundaries with Singapore, Vietnam, and the Philippines. The capital city is Kuala Lumpur, while Putrajaya is the seat of the federal government. The population as of 2009 stood at over 28 million.
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Muddenahalli
Muddenahalli is a centrally located town situated 7 km from Chikballapur and 1 km from Kanivenarayanapura in Chikballapur District of Karnataka State. It is the birth place of the legendary Sir.M.Visweswaraih, one of the India's most accomplished engineers.
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Mysore
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North Korea
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Paterson, New Jersey
Paterson is a city in Passaic County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the city population was 149,222. Census population projections indicate a population of 146,545 as of 2007, making it New Jersey's third largest city. It is the county seat of Passaic County. Paterson is known as the "Silk City" for its dominant role in silk production during the later 19th century.
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Romania
Romania ( ; dated: Rumania; ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, north of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south.
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Terengganu
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Thailand
Thailand ( or ; Ratcha Anachak Thai, ), formerly Siam (, ), is an independent country that lies in the heart of Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the southern extremity of Burma. Its maritime boundaries include Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand to the southeast and Indonesia and India in the Andaman Sea to the southwest.
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Tufts University
Tufts University is a private research university in Medford/Somerville, near Boston, Massachusetts. The university is home to the nation's oldest graduate school of international relations, The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.
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Turkey
Turkey (), known officially as the Republic of Turkey (), is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between Eastern Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
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Venice
Venice ( , Venetian: Venesia) is a city in northern Italy known both for tourism and for industry, and is the capital of the region Veneto, with a population of about 272,000 (census estimate 1 January 2004). Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area (population 1,600,000).
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Vietnam
Vietnam ( ; , ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (, ), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by People's Republic of China (PRC) to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea, referred to as East Sea (), to the east. With a population of over 86 million, Vietnam is the 13th most populous country in the world.
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Western Han Dynasty
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China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
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Emperors of China
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Georges Jacob
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James I of England
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James VI and I
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Justinian I
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Khotan
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Leizu
Leizu () was a legendary Chinese empress and wife of the Yellow Emperor. According to tradition, she discovered silk and invented the silk loom in the 27th century BC.
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Moors
The description Moors has referred to several historic and modern populations of Berber, Black African and Arab descent from Northern Africa, some of whom came to conquer and occupy the Iberian Peninsula for nearly 800 years. At that time they were Muslim, although earlier the people had followed other religions. They called the territory Al Andalus, comprising most of what is now Spain and Portugal.
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PETA
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Tacitus
Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (AD 56 – AD 117) was a senator and a historian of the Roman Empire. The surviving portions of his two major works—the Annals and the Histories—examine the reigns of the Roman Emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors. These two works span the history of the Roman Empire from the death of Augustus in AD 14 to (presumably) the death of emperor Domitian in AD 96. There are enormous lacunae in the surviving texts, including one four books long in the Annals.
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Tiberius
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Xinru Liu
Xinru Liu is currently employed at The College of New Jersey as an assistant professor of early Indian history and world history, and has held since 1993 a full professorship at the Institute of World History, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
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Silk (2007)
"Silk (2007)" Actors
"Silk (2007)" Director
karaoke
Dangerous is you to me, addicted I sure am
Lock me up and keep me from this devil's master plan
It mystifies me how you drive me crazy with a kiss
Spellbound, boy, I still dream of this
I like the way you look at me
Every mornin' when I wake up
I can't deny sometimes I believe
Give me what I need
Your touch is like silk
Strokin' my body
Softer than skin
Bringin' my pleasure in
Your touch is like silk
Makin' me shiver
Makin' me sweat
I must get free of this boy I cant forget
Your touch is like
Your touch is like
Your touch is like
Silk
Fragile is this broken heart, can't take this pain no more
Inflammable is my whole life, yes, I've been burned before
Keep my distance, though I'm drawn to everything I miss
Tongue tied, I can still taste your kiss
I like the way you smile at me
In the evening 'cross a crowded room
I can't forget how good it feels
When you're close to me
Your touch is like silk
Strokin' my body
Softer than skin
Bringin' my pleasure in
Your touch is like silk
Makin' me shiver
Makin' me sweat
I must get free of this boy I cant forget
Your touch is like
Your touch is like
Your touch is like
Silk
Your touch is like silk
Strokin' my body
Softer than skin
Bringin' my pleasure in
Your touch is like silk
Makin' me shiver
Makin' me sweat...
Your touch is like silk
Strokin' my body
Softer than skin
Bringin' my pleasure in
Your touch is like silk
Makin' me shiver
Makin' me sweat
I must get free of this boy I cant forget
Your touch is like
Your touch is like
Your touch is like
ALBUMS
RELEASE
ALBUMS
- There'll Never Be
- Adore
- Always and Forever
- Don't Disturb This Groove
- Nite and Day
- Sideshow
- The Lady in My Life
- A Night to Remember
- Secret Garden - Sweet Seduction Suite
- Two Occasions
- Interlude
- Happy Days (feat. Keith Sweat)
- Freak Me
- I Can Go Deep
- Hooked on You
- Lose Control
- Meeting in My Bedroom
- If You (Lovin' Me)
- Don't Rush
- Girl U for Me
- We're Callin' You
- It Had to Be You
- Let's Make Love
- The Return
- Freak Me (12" remix)
- Happy Days (12" remix)
- Welcome to the Love Session (Interlude)
- We're Calling You
- Love Session
- Nursery Rhymes (Intro)
- Nursery Rhymes
- Ebony Eyes
- Treated Like a Lady
- Ahh
- I Didn't Mean To
- Don't Go
- I'm Sorry
- Return Part 2 (Interlude)
- Afterplay
- Interlude
- Happy Days (feat. Keith Sweat)
- Don't Keep Me Waiting
- Girl U for Me
- Freak Me
- When I Think About You
- Baby It's You
- Lose Control
- It Had to Be You
- I Gave to You
- Interlude
- SilkLove
- Take Control
- SilkTime
- My Girl
- Alibi
- More
- You
- Check My Story
- Incredible
- Violin
- Side Show
- The End
- Band
- Hooked on You
- Because of Your Love
- It's So Good
- Don't Rush
- I Can Go Deep
- What Kind of Love Is This
- Don't Go to Bed Mad
- Don't Cry for Me
- Now That I've Lost You
- How Could You Say You Love Me
- Remember Me
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Silk - Meeting In My Bedroom (Video)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:26
- Published: 27 Oct 2009
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
© 2006 WMG Meeting In My Bedroom (Video)
http://wn.com/Silk_Meeting_In_My_Bedroom_Video
Silk - more
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:47
- Published: 17 Dec 2006
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
slow jam
http://wn.com/Silk_more
Silk - Lose Control (AuDio) + Lyrics [1992]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:17
- Published: 25 Sep 2009
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
(talking) I'm sorry I never meant to hurt you I really didn't I'm so sorry I just want you to sit down for just a minute Let me talk to you Last night we had an argument You told me you love me All the things I said I never meant No baby I didn't mean to make you cry I didn't mean to make you say bye bye bye Baby won't you let me look inside your soul Let me make you lose control Let me be the one you need Baby just come to me Now tell me girl what you want from me Whatever it is you desire I wanna give my baby I wanna feel your body yearn All your softest spots I plan to learn Baby won't you let me just kiss you down Make you spin around and 'round Flip you girl from left to right If you don't mind Baby can I just spend the night (talking) You know what I'm talking about baby I never meant to hurt you I never wanted to see you cry So I'm right here now baby I'm asking you, I'm begging you Just give me one more chance baby Baby won't you let me just kiss you down Make you spin around and 'round Flip you girl from left to right If you don't mind Baby can I just spend the night Let me turn you on Can I turn you on Can I turn you on Till the break of dawn baby (repeat) ad lib till end
http://wn.com/Silk_Lose_Control_AuDio_+_Lyrics_1992_
Silk - Happy Days
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Published: 22 May 2010
- Updated: 01 Oct 2012
The 1990's had a lot of very successful, two-albums and done groups that put out a lot of classics! Silk was another. Here is a rare one by them. I just don't know what happened...
http://wn.com/Silk_Happy_Days
Silk - giselle rosselli [official]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:13
- Published: 12 Apr 2012
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
Independent single release, april 2012. www.itunes.apple.com/au/album/silk-single/id519303761 official pages: facebook.com/music.giselle twitter.com/#!/gisellerosselli Drum production assistance by George Nicholas. Vocal recordings with Sam Brumby. Cover art by Giselle featuring photos by Timothy Hart.
http://wn.com/Silk_giselle_rosselli_official_
SILK-FREAK ME BABY
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:37
- Published: 12 Nov 2009
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
Silk Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:03
- Published: 29 May 2007
- Updated: 24 Sep 2012
SPOILERSS HONGO KANATA STARS IN THIS MOVIE : ) as the "village boy" hmm.. sounds pathetic but whatever right? i mean its his first english lang film! sooo you guys gotta watch it. this film is aboutt... this married silk worm smuggler called Hervé (Michael pitt) who travels to japan during the 19thcentury. he then meets this concubine, hara jubei (koji yakusho). However, he seems to be happy with his wife Hélène (keira knightley). then war breaks out in japan and he is told that he must leave and return to france. he then recieves a letter from her written in japanese but then later after his wife dies it turns out that Hélène was the wone who sent the letter since she wanted him to be happy.
http://wn.com/Silk_Trailer
Silk Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:30
- Published: 15 Feb 2011
- Updated: 27 Sep 2012
Trailer for the new legal drama Silk starring Rupert Penry-Jones and Maxine Peake. Starts Tuesday 22nd February at 9pm on BBC1 and BBC1 HD.
http://wn.com/Silk_Trailer
The Story of Silk
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:07
- Published: 28 Jun 2010
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
This video tells the story of silk production in Shanghai, China starting with the eggs of silkworms to worms' production of fibers to make their cocoons. The silk is unraveled from the cocoons like thread from a spool. The Chinese have cultivated silkworms for more than 5000 years.
http://wn.com/The_Story_of_Silk
The Silk Road and Ancient Trade: Crash Course World History #9
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:31
- Published: 22 Mar 2012
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
The Mongols Shirt is available for pre-order now! dft.ba The Silk Road and Ancient Trade: In which John Green teaches you about the so-called Silk Road, a network of trade routes where goods such as ivory, silver, iron, wine, and yes, silk were exchanged across the ancient world, from China to the West. Along with all these consumer goods, things like disease and ideas made the trip as well. As is his custom, John ties the Silk Road to modern life, and the ways that we get our stuff today. Follow us! @thecrashcourse @realjohngreen @raoulmeyer @crashcoursestan @saysdanica @thoughtbubbler Like us! www.facebook.com Follow us again! thecrashcourse.tumblr.com Resources Life Along the Silk Road by Susan Whitfield: dft.ba The Silk Road: 2000 Years in the Heart of Asia: dft.ba
http://wn.com/The_Silk_Road_and_Ancient_Trade_Crash_Course_World_History_9
Silk painting - Flower, colouring
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:01
- Published: 03 Aug 2007
- Updated: 29 Sep 2012
www.amazon.com The above is the silk color I use. drop here drip there
http://wn.com/Silk_painting_Flower,_colouring
Fiorenzo Omenetto: Silk, the ancient material of the future
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:41
- Published: 11 May 2011
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
www.ted.com Fiorenzo Omenetto shares 20+ astonishing new uses for silk, one of nature's most elegant materials -- in transmitting light, improving sustainability, adding strength and making medical leaps and bounds. On stage, he shows a few intriguing items made of the versatile stuff.TEDTalks is a daily video podcast of the best talks and performances from the TED Conference, where the world's leading thinkers and doers give the talk of their lives in 18 minutes. Featured speakers have included Al Gore on climate change, Philippe Starck on design, Jill Bolte Taylor on observing her own stroke, Nicholas Negroponte on One Laptop per Child, Jane Goodall on chimpanzees, Bill Gates on malaria and mosquitoes, Pattie Maes on the "Sixth Sense" wearable tech, and "Lost" producer JJ Abrams on the allure of mystery. TED stands for Technology, Entertainment, Design, and TEDTalks cover these topics as well as science, business, development and the arts. Closed captions and translated subtitles in a variety of languages are now available on TED.com, at http
http://wn.com/Fiorenzo_Omenetto_Silk,_the_ancient_material_of_the_future
Exclusive With R&B; Group Silk
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:45
- Published: 31 Dec 2010
- Updated: 16 Aug 2012
ALH chats with legendary R&B group Silk on the eve of their sold-out performance at the ShoWare Center.
http://wn.com/Exclusive_With_R&B;_Group_Silk
Silk ~ Lose Control (Live)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:51
- Published: 19 Jan 2009
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
Awesome performance.
http://wn.com/Silk_~_Lose_Control_Live
La Nouba, Aerial Ballet in Silk, Ballet, Cirque du Soleil
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:08
- Published: 09 Sep 2008
- Updated: 02 Oct 2012
From Cirque du Soleil's "La Nouba", Aerial Ballet in (red) Silk, followed by "Normal" ballet. Song for beginning and ending of the act is Rêve Rouge, middle part is "A tale" The incredible vocals are performed by Isabeau Proulx-Lemire and Sisaundra Lewis: Some of Cirque's best
http://wn.com/La_Nouba,_Aerial_Ballet_in_Silk,_Ballet,_Cirque_du_Soleil
SADMA HOT SCENE SILK SMITHA BODY SHOW!!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:15
- Published: 04 Jan 2009
- Updated: 03 Oct 2012
This is a hot scene from movie SADMA where silk smitha shows gorgeous body!!
http://wn.com/SADMA_HOT_SCENE_SILK_SMITHA_BODY_SHOW!!
9 Different Silk Scarf Ideas
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:15
- Published: 19 Mar 2011
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
Samantha James "Wings of Faith" Samantha made this single for Japan. www.youtube.com "I Found You" itunes.apple.com ♥ Follow me on twitter! ♥ www.twitter.com ♥ If you have a Facebook, please add me! ♥ www.facebook.com This is a non sponsored video.
http://wn.com/9_Different_Silk_Scarf_Ideas
10 Ways to Tie A Silk Head Scarf
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:34
- Published: 14 May 2012
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
Catch Me on Twitter! : twitter.com Facebook Me! : www.facebook.com Blog! : www.Naptural85.com Visit My Second Channel! youtube.com Hey Guys! Summer is right around the corner! Time for relaxed, laid-back clothes, and cute head scarves! Here's 10 quick and easy ways that I like to alternate...
http://wn.com/10_Ways_to_Tie_A_Silk_Head_Scarf
Rare Spider Silk on Exhibit at AMNH
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:29
- Published: 24 Sep 2009
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
A spectacular and extremely rare textile, woven from golden-colored silk thread produced by more than one million spiders in Madagascar is now on display at the American Museum of Natural History in the Grand Gallery. Drawing on the legacy of a French missionary, Jacob Paul Camboué, this contemporary textile measures 11 feet by 4 feet and took four years to make using a painstaking technique. Hear from Dr. Ian Tattersall, Curator, Division of Anthropology at AMNH, as well as Nicholas Godley, co-creator and owner of the silk along with his partner Simon Peers as they discuss this rare work. For more information visit www.amnh.org Produced by James Sims.
http://wn.com/Rare_Spider_Silk_on_Exhibit_at_AMNH
Faster than Busta Rhymes - MC Silk from Poland ! - Translation only in Youtube window
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:28
- Published: 08 Apr 2012
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
www.facebook.com Concerts booking: Silk.hq@mcsilk.pl MP3 download at mcsilk.bandcamp.com Kawalki na - www.mcsilk.pl Interaktywne Fristajle This video is also an MC Silk's way of responding to all, that have been trying ( and planning to try in the future) to convince him, on going mainstream;) Ps.Monike mozecie podziwiać na okladce Playboya: www.plotek.pl Podziekowania za pomoc w realizacji, da mojego przyjaciela Bartka Kamińskiego, oraz dla Wojtka Klimczaka, Wacka Wawrzyniaka,Radosława Nowaka-Skrzypka, Moniki Partyki, Sandry Staniszewskiej i Maćka Nenko Tekst/lyrics: Daj minut mi 10 i daj mi nut 10 zrobie z tego tego pokolenia hymn, niech sie niesie jak neseser po necie plone jak fireball, mam podprogowy na caly ten chlam firewall Choc pisali bylo do mnie z wszystkich typu X-Factor, po co mi to kiedy blyszcze na podkladzie jak Max Factor Jak traktor pod gore po grudzie kontra grawitacja i nie odpuszczam jak windykacja Choc kuszony z kazdej strony naciskany jak spacja nadal jak Rafael maluje poza ramami obrazka. Mozesz trenowac machanie lapami grozne miny miec najbardziej hip-hopowe ciuchy z calej gminy. Mozesz miec mainstream dream w tekstach drinki stringi, moje stringi to tu graja w takt tej muzyki. Mozesz miec swagga, bragga, naga prawda w skillsach Dobry rap robi robote nawet w gumofilcach - The fast part at the end: It seems I'm doin' rap but I'm burnin' uniforms I'm doin' it this way, becasue I'm back to my form still burning the mics, still burning the bridges <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Faster_than_Busta_Rhymes_MC_Silk_from_Poland_!_Translation_only_in_Youtube_window
Cirque Du Soleil Quidam Aerial Contortion in Silk
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:23
- Published: 19 Jan 2009
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
Follow me twitter.com
http://wn.com/Cirque_Du_Soleil_Quidam_Aerial_Contortion_in_Silk
Polish pale kid - MC Silk goes Even faster, plus backstage and live on the radio!!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:28
- Published: 10 Feb 2011
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
www.facebook.com Concerts booking: silk.hq@mcsilk.pl www.mcsilk.pl I did this video , because some people thought it was a fake;) Plus a lot of people were asking for an mp3 to download. So freeing up one core because getting rid of multitasking I recorded it faster and will post it on my...
http://wn.com/Polish_pale_kid_MC_Silk_goes_Even_faster,_plus_backstage_and_live_on_the_radio!!
Garnett Silk- Lord Watch Over Our Shoulders
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Published: 07 Feb 2008
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
Garnett Silk- Lord Watch Over Our Shoulders RIP Garnett Silk
http://wn.com/Garnett_Silk_Lord_Watch_Over_Our_Shoulders
WN / Aruna Mirasdar
Creative Commons
Creative Commons
Creative Commons
WN / Imran Nissar
WN / Imran Nissar
WN / Imran Nissar
WN / Imran Nissar
WN / Imran Nissar
WN / Imran Nissar
AP / Jae C. Hong
Creative Commons / Ekabhishek![A mosque in Tokmok, Kyrgyzstan are predominantly Sunni Muslims.[22] Islam was first introduced by Arab traders who traveled along the Silk Road in the seventh and eighth century.](http://web.archive.org./web/20121006233528im_/http://cdn8.wn.com/pd/c0/90/637cabea521bfe63e882130b806f_small.jpg "A mosque in Tokmok, Kyrgyzstan are predominantly Sunni Muslims.[22] Islam was first introduced by Arab traders who traveled along the Silk Road in the seventh and eighth century.")
Creative Commons / Ondřej Žváček
WN / Imran Nissar
WN / Imran Nissar
WN / Imran Nissar
WN / Imran Nissar
Creative Commons / Kent Wang
Creative Commons / Porikolpok Oxom
WN / Aruna Mirasdar
Public Domain / LACMA Image Library. Photograph LACMA.
Public Domain / LACMA Image Library. Photograph LACMA.
Public Domain / LACMA Image Library
Public Domain / LACMA Image Library. Photograph LACMA.
Public Domain / LACMA Image Library. Photograph LACMA.
Public Domain / LACMA Image Library. Photograph LACMA.
WN / Sayali Santosh Kadam
WN / Aruna Mirasdar
WN / Aruna Mirasdar
WN / Sayali Santosh Kadam
![A mosque in Tokmok, Kyrgyzstan are predominantly Sunni Muslims.[22] Islam was first introduced by Arab traders who traveled along the Silk Road in the seventh and eighth century.](http://web.archive.org./web/20121006233528/http://cdn2.wn.com/pd/c0/90/637cabea521bfe63e882130b806f_medium.jpg "A mosque in Tokmok, Kyrgyzstan are predominantly Sunni Muslims.[22] Islam was first introduced by Arab traders who traveled along the Silk Road in the seventh and eighth century.")
Photo: DOD / Public Domain
04 Oct 2012
In Afghanistan, the US military has tried training sessions, embedded cultural advisers, recommended reading lists, and even a video game designed to school American troops in local custom. But 11...
Photo: AP / Peter Dejong
03 Oct 2012
Champions League-Klassiker in Amsterdam. Ajax empfing am zweiten Spieltag der Könisklasse das „Weiße Ballett“ aus Madrid. Am Ende siegten die Königlichen mit 4:1. Von Heik Kölsch Mehr zu : ...
Photo: AP / Kirsty Wigglesworth
06 Oct 2012
AFP - Radical Islamist preacher Abu Hamza and four other terror suspects were on their way from Britain to the United States on Saturday after a court rejected their last-ditch court bid to block...
Photo: AP / Charlie Neibergall
04 Oct 2012
DENVER -- In the first presidential debate of the fall campaign, Mitt Romney defended himself Wednesday night against charges from President Barack Obama that his tax-cut plan would favor the wealthy....
Photo: AP
04 Oct 2012
TURKEY doesn't want war with Syria but it's determined to protect its borders and its people, the country's prime minister declared Thursday. Turkey's Prime Minister Recep Tayyip...
Photo: Creative Commons / Quentin Douchet
30 Sep 2012
Dubai: Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), announced on Sunday the launch of DIFC Forum. The Forum will be held in association with Deutsche Bank, and Emirates Airlines as the Official...
Photo: WN / Marzena J.
28 Sep 2012
I rolled over, edged down my pyjama pants and wearily said: "Just stick it in". So fatigued after driving the porcelain bus for hours on end, I didn't care much what the short Cuban woman - a nurse...
Premier League stars bring steel and silk
06 Oct 2012
Stuff
The All Whites will all but guarantee themselves Oceania's World Cup playoff berth with a pair of victories over Tahiti in the coming days. The only challenge that I can see will come from the conditions Papeete throws at them in the first game on Saturday. That said, the heat and humidity have...(size: 2.7Kb)
Hats on to Gai on a day of silks and big purses
05 Oct 2012
Sydney Morning Herald
DAWN is breaking on a beautiful day in Sydney and Gai Waterhouse is in her element. Randwick racecourse is her office and two days before...(size: 0.9Kb)
The Guardian
Coverage of the war in Syria is rightly focused on the human cost, but there are cultural casualties too, says Kevin Rushby, who remembers Aleppo's Souk al-Madina, a Unesco world heritage site, which was destroyed by fire earlier this week...(size: 9.5Kb)
The Miami Herald
Eschewing the discordant battle of the...(size: 0.3Kb)
TOLLYWOOD 2 The party: In a black silk sari, Swastika Mukherjee looked smouldering hot in ...
05 Oct 2012
The Telegraph India
The party: In a black...(size: 0.2Kb)
Stafford site of first Silk Road Fest
05 Oct 2012
Houston Chronicle
By Syd Kearney | Thursday, October 4, 2012 Comments (0) E-mail Print...(size: 11.0Kb)
Silk routes
04 Oct 2012
The Hindu
Before the gates even opened at Sathya Sai Nigamagamam, a group of women dressed in khaki coloured and printed silk saris were eager to walk in. Reason, ‘Weaves’, the cotton and silk spectrum exhibition is on here, and this time it has a host of new designs and patterns. Silk aficionados...(size: 2.5Kb)
Sharon Stone steps out in silk black mini-dress
03 Oct 2012
The Daily Mail
At...(size: 0.1Kb)
iDANS performances retrace the Silk Road
03 Oct 2012
Turkish Press
The sixth iDANS International Contemporary Dance and Performance Festival will offer a different perspective on dance and performance, and also on art itself. Both theater and performance artists will take part in the festival, which kicks off in October will continue until May 2013. The...(size: 5.0Kb)
PR Newswire
...(size: 4.7Kb)
This article is about a natural fiber and the textile woven from it. For other uses, see Silk (disambiguation).
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles. The protein fiber of silk is composed mainly of fibroin and produced by certain insect larvae to form cocoons.[1] The best-known type of silk is obtained from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity (sericulture). The shimmering appearance of silk is due to the triangular prism-like structure of the silk fiber, which allows silk cloth to refract incoming light at different angles, thus producing different colors.
Silks are produced by several other insects, but generally only the silk of moth caterpillars has been used for textile manufacturing. There has been some research into other silks, which differ at the molecular level.[2] Many silks are mainly produced by the larvae of insects undergoing complete metamorphosis, but some adult insects such as webspinners produce silk, and some insects such as raspy crickets produce silk throughout their lives.[3] Silk production also occurs in Hymenoptera (bees, wasps, and ants), silverfish, mayflies, thrips, leafhoppers, beetles, lacewings, fleas, flies and midges.[2] Other types of arthropod produce silk, most notably various arachnids such as spiders (see spider silk).
Contents |
Etymology[link]
The word silk comes from Middle English, from Old English sioloc, probably of Slavic origin (akin to Old Church Slavonic elk), ultimately from Greek srikon, neuter of srikos, silken.[4]
History[link]
Main article: History of silk
Wild silk[link]
A variety of wild silks, produced by caterpillars other than the mulberry silkworm, have been known and used in China, South Asia, and Europe since ancient times. However, the scale of production was always far smaller than that of cultivated silks. There are several reasons for this: firstly, they differ from the domesticated varieties in color and texture and are therefore less uniform; secondly, cocoons gathered in the wild have usually had the pupa emerge from them before being discovered so the silk thread that makes up the cocoon has been torn into shorter lengths; and thirdly, many wild cocoons are covered in a mineral layer that stymies attempts to reel from them long strands of silk.[5] Thus previously the only way to obtain silk suitable for spinning into textiles in areas where commercial silks are not cultivated is by tedious and labor intensive carding.
Commercial silks originate from reared silkworm pupae which are bred to produce a white colored silk thread with no mineral on the surface. The pupae are killed by either dipping them in boiling water before the adult moths emerge or by piercing them with a needle. These factors all contribute to the ability of the whole cocoon to be unravelled as one continuous thread, permitting a much stronger cloth to be woven from the silk. Wild silks also tend to be more difficult to dye than silk from the cultivated silkworm.[6][7] A technique known as demineralizing allows the mineral layer around the cocoon to be removed,[8] leaving only variability in color as a barrier from creating a commercial silk industry based on wild silks in parts of the world where wild silkmoths thrive, such as Africa and South America.
China[link]
Silk fabric was first developed in ancient China,[9] with some of the earliest examples found as early as 3500 BC.[10] Legend gives credit for developing silk to a Chinese empress, Leizu (Hsi-Ling-Shih, Lei-Tzu). Silks were originally reserved for the Kings of China for their own use and gifts to others, but spread gradually through Chinese culture and trade both geographically and socially, and then to many regions of Asia. Silk rapidly became a popular luxury fabric in the many areas accessible to Chinese merchants because of its texture and luster. Silk was in great demand, and became a staple of pre-industrial international trade. In July 2007, archeologists discovered intricately woven and dyed silk textiles in a tomb in Jiangxi province, dated to the Eastern Zhou Dynasty roughly 2,500 years ago.[11] Although historians have suspected a long history of a formative textile industry in ancient China, this find of silk textiles employing "complicated techniques" of weaving and dyeing provides direct and concrete evidence for silks dating before the Mawangdui-discovery and other silks dating to the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD).[11]
The first evidence of the silk trade is the finding of silk in the hair of an Egyptian mummy of the 21st dynasty, c.1070 BC.[12] The silk trade reached as far as the Indian subcontinent, the Middle East, Europe, and North Africa. This trade was so extensive that the major set of trade routes between Europe and Asia came to be known as the Silk Road.
The Emperors of China strove to keep knowledge of sericulture secret to maintain the Chinese monopoly. Nonetheless sericulture reached Korea around 200 BC, about the first half of the 1st century AD had reached ancient Khotan,[13] and by AD 140 the practice had been established in India.[14]
In the ancient era, silk from China was the most lucrative and sought-after luxury item traded across the Eurasian continent,[15] and many civilizations, such as the ancient Persians, benefited economically from trade.[15]
Thailand[link]
Main article: Thai silk
Silk is produced year round in Thailand by two types of silkworms, the cultured Bombycidae and wild Saturniidae. Most production is after the rice harvest in the southern and northeast parts of the country. Women traditionally weave silk on hand looms, and pass the skill on to their daughters as weaving is considered to be a sign of maturity and eligibility for marriage. Thai silk textiles often use complicated patterns in various colours and styles. Most regions of Thailand have their own typical silks. A single thread filament is too thin to use on its own so women combine many threads to produce a thicker, usable fiber. They do this by hand-reeling the threads onto a wooden spindle to produce a uniform strand of raw silk. The process takes around 40 hours to produce a half kilogram of Thai silk.
Many local operations use a reeling machine for this task, but some silk threads are still hand-reeled. The difference is that hand-reeled threads produce three grades of silk: two fine grades that are ideal for lightweight fabrics, and a thick grade for heavier material.
The silk fabric is soaked in extremely cold water and bleached before dyeing to remove the natural yellow coloring of Thai silk yarn. To do this, skeins of silk thread are immersed in large tubs of hydrogen peroxide. Once washed and dried, the silk is woven on a traditional hand operated loom.[16]
India[link]
Main article: Silk in the Indian subcontinent
Silk, known as "Paat" in Eastern India, Pattu in southern parts of India and Resham in Hindi/Urdu, has a long history in India. Recent archaeological discoveries in Harappa and Chanhu-daro suggest that sericulture, employing wild silk threads from native silkworm species, existed in South Asia during the time of the Indus Valley Civilization, roughly contemporaneous with the earliest known silk use in China.[17] According to an article in Nature by Philip Ball, while there are various evidences for silk production in China back to around 2570 BC, newly discovered silk objects from the Indus valley in eastern Pakistan are believed to date from between 2450 BC and 2000 BC, "making them similarly ancient".[18] Shelagh Vainker, a silk expert at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, sees evidence for silk production in China "significantly earlier" than 2500–2000 BC, however suggests "people of the Indus civilization either harvested silkworm cocoons or traded with people who did, and that they knew a considerable amount about silk."[18] Silk is widely produced today. India is the second largest producer of silk after China. A majority of the silk in India is produced in Karnataka State, particularly in Mysore and the North Bangalore regions of Muddenahalli, Kanivenarayanapura, and Doddaballapur.[19]
India is also the largest consumer of silk in the world. The tradition of wearing silk sarees in marriages by the brides is followed in southern parts of India. Silk is worn by people as a symbol of royalty while attending functions and during festivals. Historically silk was used by the upper classes, while cotton was used by the poorer classes. Today silk is mainly produced in Bhoodhan Pochampally (also known as Silk City), Kanchipuram, Dharmavaram, Mysore, etc. in South India and Banaras in the North for manufacturing garments and sarees. "Murshidabad silk", famous from historical times, is mainly produced in Malda and Murshidabad district of West Bengal and woven with hand looms in Birbhum and Murshidabad district. Another place famous for production of silk is Bhagalpur. The silk from Pochampally is particularly well known for its classic designs and enduring quality. The silk is traditionally hand-woven and hand-dyed and usually also has silver threads woven into the cloth. Most of this silk is used to make sarees. The sarees usually are very expensive and vibrant in color. Garments made from silk form an integral part of Indian weddings and other celebrations. In the northeastern state of Assam, three different types of silk are produced, collectively called Assam silk: Muga, Eri and Pat silk. Muga, the golden silk, and Eri are produced by silkworms that are native only to Assam. The heritage of silk rearing and weaving is very old and continues today especially with the production of Muga and Pat riha and mekhela chador, the three-piece silk sarees woven with traditional motifs. Mysore Silk Sarees, which are known for their soft texture, last many years if carefully maintained.
Ancient Mediterranean[link]
In the Odyssey, 19.233, when Odysseus, while pretending to be someone else, is questioned by Penelope about her husband's clothing, he says that he wore a shirt "gleaming like the skin of a dried onion" (varies with translations, literal translation here)[20] which could refer to the lustrous quality of silk fabric. The Roman Empire knew of and traded in silk, and Chinese silk was the most highly priced luxury good imported by them.[15] During the reign of emperor Tiberius, sumptuary laws were passed that forbade men from wearing silk garments, but these proved ineffectual.[21] Despite the popularity of silk, the secret of silk-making only reached Europe around AD 550, via the Byzantine Empire. Legend has it that monks working for the emperor Justinian I smuggled silkworm eggs to Constantinople in hollow canes from China. All top-quality looms and weavers were located inside the Palace complex in Constantinople and the cloth produced was used in imperial robes or in diplomacy, as gifts to foreign dignitaries. The remainder was sold at very high prices.
Middle East[link]
In Islamic teachings, Muslim men are forbidden to wear silk. Many religious jurists believe the reasoning behind the prohibition lies in avoiding clothing for men that can be considered feminine or extravagant.[22] There are disputes regarding the amount of silk a fabric can consist of (e.g., whether a small decorative silk piece on a cotton caftan is permissible or not) for it to be lawful for men to wear but the dominant opinion of most Muslim scholars is that the wearing of silk by men is forbidden. Modern attire has raised a number of issues, including (for instance) the permissibility of wearing silk ties (which are of course very much masculine articles of clothing).
Despite injunctions against silk for men, silk has retained its popularity in the Islamic world because of its permissibility for women. The Muslim Moors brought silk with them to Spain during their conquest of the Iberian Peninsula.
Medieval and modern Europe[link]
 Dress made from silk. |
 Bed covered with silk by Georges Jacob. |
 The necktie originates from cravat made of silk from Dubrovnik. |
Italy was the most important producer of silk during the Medieval age. One notable center was the Italian city-state of Lucca which largely financed itself through silk-production and silk-trading, beginning in the 12th century. Other Italian cities involved in silk production were Genoa, Venice and Florence.
The Silk Exchange in Valencia from the 15th century, where previously in 1348 also perxal (percale) was traded as some kind of silk, dramatically illustrates the power and wealth of one of the great Mediterranean mercantile cities.[26][27]
In France, since the 15th century silk production was centered around the city of Lyon where many mechanic tools for mass production were first introduced in the 17th century.
James I attempted to establish silk production in England, purchasing and planting 100,000 mulberry trees, some on land adjacent to Hampton Court Palace, but they were of a species unsuited to the silk worms, and the attempt failed. in 1732 John Guardivaglio set up a silk throwing enterprise at Logwood mill in Stockport, and in 1744, Burton Mill was erected in Macclesfield and in 1753 Old Mill was built in Congleton.[28] These three towns remained the centre of the English silk throwing industry until silk throwing was replaced by silk waste spinning. British enterprise also established silk filature in Cyprus in 1928. In England in the mid 20th century, raw silk was produced at Lullingstone Castle in Kent. Silkworms were raised and reeled under the direction of Zoe Lady Hart Dyke. Production started elsewhere[where?] later[when?].
North America[link]
King James I introduced silk-growing to the American colonies around 1619, ostensibly to discourage tobacco planting. The Shakers in Kentucky adopted the practice. In the 19th century a new attempt at a silk industry began with European-born workers in Paterson, New Jersey, and the city became a US silk center.
World War II interrupted the silk trade from Japan. Silk prices increased dramatically,[citation needed] and US industry began to look for substitutes, which led to the use of synthetics such as nylon. Synthetic silks have also been made from lyocell, a type of cellulose fiber, and are often difficult to distinguish from real silk (see spider silk for more on synthetic silks).
Malaysia[link]
In Terengganu, which is now part of Malaysia, second generation of silkworm was being imported as early as 1764 for its silk textile industry, especially songket [29]
Production Process[link]
The entire production process of silk can be divided into several steps which are typically handled by different entities. Extracting raw silk starts by cultivating the silkworms on Mulberry leaves. Once the worms start pupating in their cocoons, these are dissolved in boiling water in order for individual long fibres to be extracted and fed into the spinning reel.[30]
Properties[link]
Physical properties[link]
Silk fibers from the Bombyx mori silkworm have a triangular cross section with rounded corners, 5-10 μm wide. The fibroin-heavy chain is composed mostly of beta-sheets, due to a 59-mer amino acid repeat sequence with some variations.[31] The flat surfaces of the fibrils reflect light at many angles, giving silk a natural shine. The cross-section from other silkworms can vary in shape and diameter: crescent-like for Anaphe and elongated wedge for tussah. Silkworm fibers are naturally extruded from two silkworm glands as a pair of primary filaments (brin), which are stuck together, with sericin proteins that act like glue, to form a bave. Bave diameters for tussah silk can reach 65 μm. See cited reference for cross-sectional SEM photographs.[32]
Silk has a smooth, soft texture that is not slippery, unlike many synthetic fibers.
Silk is one of the strongest natural fibers but loses up to 20% of its strength when wet. It has a good moisture regain of 11%. Its elasticity is moderate to poor: if elongated even a small amount, it remains stretched. It can be weakened if exposed to too much sunlight. It may also be attacked by insects, especially if left dirty.
One example of the durable nature of silk over other fabrics is demonstrated by the recovery in 1840 of silk garments from a wreck of 1782: 'The most durable article found has been silk; for besides pieces of cloaks and lace, a pair of black satin breeches, and a large satin waistcoat with flaps, were got up, of which the silk was perfect, but the lining entirely gone ... from the thread giving way ... No articles of dress of wollen cloth have yet been found.'[33]
Silk is a poor conductor of electricity and thus susceptible to static cling.
Unwashed silk chiffon may shrink up to 8% due to a relaxation of the fiber macrostructure, so silk should either be washed prior to garment construction, or dry cleaned. Dry cleaning may still shrink the chiffon up to 4%. Occasionally, this shrinkage can be reversed by a gentle steaming with a press cloth. There is almost no gradual shrinkage nor shrinkage due to molecular-level deformation.
Natural and synthetic silk is known to manifest piezoelectric properties in proteins, probably due to its molecular structure.[34]
Silkworm silk was used as the standard for the denier, a measurement of linear density in fibers. Silkworm silk therefore has a linear density of approximately 1 den, or 1.1 dtex.
| Comparison of silk fibers[35] | Linear Density(dtex) | Diameter (μm) | Coeff. Variation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Moth: Bombyx mori | 1.17 | 12.9 | 24.8% |
| Spider: Argiope aurentia | 0.14 | 3.57 | 14.8% |
Chemical properties[link]
Silk emitted by the silkworm consists of two main proteins, sericin and fibroin, fibroin being the structural center of the silk, and serecin being the sticky material surrounding it. Fibroin is made up of the amino acids Gly-Ser-Gly-Ala-Gly-Ala and forms beta pleated sheets. Hydrogen bonds form between chains, and side chains form above and below the plane of the hydrogen bond network.
The high proportion (50%) of glycine, which is a small amino acid, allows tight packing and the fibers are strong and resistant to breaking. The tensile strength is due to the many interceded hydrogen bonds, and when stretched the force is applied to these numerous bonds and they do not break.
Silk is resistant to most mineral acids, except for sulfuric acid, which dissolves it. It is yellowed by perspiration.
Uses[link]
Silk's absorbency makes it comfortable to wear in warm weather and while active. Its low conductivity keeps warm air close to the skin during cold weather. It is often used for clothing such as shirts, ties, blouses, formal dresses, high fashion clothes, lingerie, pyjamas, robes, dress suits, sun dresses and Eastern folk costumes. Silk's attractive lustre and drape makes it suitable for many furnishing applications. It is used for upholstery, wall coverings, window treatments (if blended with another fiber), rugs, bedding and wall hangings.[citation needed] While on the decline now, due to artificial fibers, silk has had many industrial and commercial uses, such as in parachutes, bicycle tires, comforter filling and artillery gunpowder bags.[citation needed]
A special manufacturing process removes the outer irritant sericin coating of the silk, which makes it suitable as non-absorbable surgical sutures. This process has also recently led to the introduction of specialist silk underclothing for children and adults with eczema where it can significantly reduce itch.[36][37] New uses and manufacturing techniques have been found for silk for making everything from disposable cups to drug delivery systems and holograms.[38] To produce 1 kg of silk, 104 kg of mulberry leaves must be eaten by 3000 silkworms. It takes about 5000 silkworms to make a pure silk kimono.[39]:104 The construction of silk is called sericulture. The major silk producers are China (54%) and India (14%).
| Top Ten Cocoons (Reelable) Producers — 2005 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Country | Production (Int $1000) | Footnote | Production (1000 kg) | Footnote |
 People's Republic of China |
978,013 | C | 290,003 | F |
 India |
259,679 | C | 77,000 | F |
 Uzbekistan |
57,332 | C | 17,000 | F |
 Brazil |
37,097 | C | 11,000 | F |
 Iran |
20,235 | C | 6,088 | F |
 Thailand |
16,862 | C | 5,000 | F |
 Vietnam |
10,117 | C | 3,000 | F |
 Democratic People's Republic of Korea |
5,059 | C | 1,500 | F |
 Romania |
3,372 | C | 1,000 | F |
 Japan |
2,023 | C | 600 | F |
| No symbol = official figure, F = FAO estimate, * = Unofficial figure, C = Calculated figure; Production in Int $1000 have been calculated based on 1999-2001 international prices |
||||
Cultivation[link]
Silk moths lay eggs on specially prepared paper. The eggs hatch and the caterpillars (silkworms) are fed fresh mulberry leaves. After about 35 days and 4 moltings, the caterpillars are 10,000 times heavier than when hatched and are ready to begin spinning a cocoon. A straw frame is placed over the tray of caterpillars, and each caterpillar begins spinning a cocoon by moving its head in a pattern. Two glands produce liquid silk and force it through openings in the head called spinnerets. Liquid silk is coated in sericin, a water-soluble protective gum, and solidifies on contact with the air. Within 2–3 days, the caterpillar spins about 1 mile of filament and is completely encased in a cocoon. The silk farmers then kill most caterpillars by heat, leaving some to metamorphose into moths to breed the next generation of caterpillars. Harvested cocoons are then soaked in boiling water to soften the sericin holding the silk fibers together in a cocoon shape. The fibers are then unwound to produce a continuous thread. Since a single thread is too fine and fragile for commercial use, anywhere from three to ten strands are spun together to form a single thread of silk.[40]
Animal rights[link]
As the process of harvesting the silk from the cocoon kills the larvae, sericulture has been criticized in the early 21st century by PETA.[41] Mohandas Gandhi was also critical of silk production based on the Ahimsa philosophy "not to hurt any living thing." This led to Gandhi's promotion of cotton spinning machines, an example of which can be seen at the Gandhi Institute. He also promoted Ahimsa silk, wild silk made from the cocoons of wild and semi-wild silk moths.[42] Ahimsa silk is promoted in parts of Southern India for those who prefer not to wear silk produced by killing silkworms.[43][44] Ahimsa silk is also known as peace silk.
See also[link]
- Art silk
- Byzantine silk
- History of silk
- Mommes, the traditional density unit for silk.
- Rayon
- Sea silk
- Silk in the Indian subcontinent
- Silk Road
- Silk waste
- Spider silk (with a discussion of synthetic silk)
- Tenun Pahang Diraja, a Malaysian silk fabric.
- Thai silk
References[link]
- Notes
- ^ "Silk". The Free Dictionary By Farlex. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/silk. Retrieved 2012-23-05.
- ^ a b Sutherland TD, Young JH, Weisman S, Hayashi CY, Merritt DJ (2010). "Insect silk: one name, many materials". Annual Review of Entomology 55: 171–88. DOI:10.1146/annurev-ento-112408-085401. PMID 19728833. http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/doi/full/10.1146/annurev-ento-112408-085401?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed.
- ^ Walker AA, Weisman S, Church JS, Merritt DJ, Mudie ST, Sutherland TD. (2012). "Silk from Crickets: A New Twist on Spinning". PLoS ONE 7(2): e30408. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0030408. http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0030408#s5.
- ^ "Silk". The Free Dictionary By Farlex. http://www.thefreedictionary.com/silk. Retrieved 2012-23-05.
- ^ Sindya N. Bhanoo (20 May 2011). "Silk Production Takes a Walk on the Wild Side". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/24/science/24obsilk.html?_r=3&emc=eta1. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
- ^ Hill (2004). Appendix E.
- ^ Hill (2009), "Appendix C: Wild Silks," pp.477-480.
- ^ Gheysens, T; Collins, A; Raina, S; Vollrath, F; Knight, D (2011). "Demineralization enables reeling of Wild Silkmoth cocoons". Biomacromolecules (American Chemical Society) 12 (6): 2257–66. DOI:10.1021/bm2003362. PMID 21491856. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/bm2003362. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
- ^ "Silk: History". Columbia Encyclopedia Sixth Edition. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/society/A0861091.html.
- ^ "Textile Exhibition: Introduction". Asian art. http://www.asianart.com/textiles/intro.html.
- ^ a b "Chinese archaeologists make ground-breaking textile discovery in 2,500-year-old tomb". People's Daily Online.. http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90782/6228297.html. Retrieved 26 August 2007.
- ^ Lubec, G.; J. Holaubek, C. Feldl, B. Lubec, E. Strouhal (04 March 1993). "Use of silk in ancient Egypt". Nature 362 (6415): 25. DOI:10.1038/362025b0. (also available here [1])
- ^ *Hill, John E. (2009) Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd Centuries CE. BookSurge, Charleston, South Carolina. ISBN 978-1-4392-2134-1. Appendix A: "Introduction of Silk Cultivation to Khotan in the 1st Century CE," pp. 466-467.
- ^ "History of Sericulture". Governmentof Andhra Pradesh (India) - Department of Sericulture. http://www.seri.ap.gov.in/download/1_History%20of%20Sericulture.pdf. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
- ^ a b c Garthwaite, Gene Ralph (2005). The Persians. Oxford & Carlton: Blackwell Publishing, Ltd. p. 78. ISBN 1-55786-860-3.
- ^ About Thai silk from World of Thai Silk (commercial)
- ^ Good, I.L.; Kenoyer, J.M.; Meadow, R.H. (2009). "New evidence for early silk in the Indus civilization". Archaeometry 50 (3): 457. DOI:10.1111/j.1475-4754.2008.00454.x.
- ^ a b http://www.nature.com/news/2009/090217/full/457945a.html
- ^ Silk city to come up near B’lore, Deccan Herald, 16 October 2009.
- ^ Odyssey 19 233-234: τὸν δὲ χιτῶν' ἐνόησα περὶ χροῒ σιγαλόεντα, οἷόν τε κρομύοιο λοπὸν κάτα ἰσχαλέοιο· = "And I [= Odysseus
- ^ Tacitus. Annals. ISBN 0-521-31543-3. http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/7959.
- ^ "Silk: Why It Is Haram for Men". 23 September 2003. Archived from the original on 2 March 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070302204114/http://www.islamonline.net/fatwa/english/FatwaDisplay.asp?hFatwaID=61261. Retrieved 6 January 2007.
- ^ Eric P. Nash (30 July 1995). "STYLE; Dressed to Kill". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/30/magazine/style-dressed-to-kill.html. Retrieved 12 October 2011.
- ^ Vladimir Huzjan (July 2008). "Pokušaj otkrivanja nastanka i razvoja kravate kao riječi i odjevnoga predmeta [The origin and development of the tie (kravata) as a word and as a garment]" (in Croatian). Povijesni prilozi (Croatian Institute of History) 34 (34): 103–120. ISSN 051-9767. http://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?show=clanak&id_clanak_jezik=43829. Retrieved 17 October 2011.
- ^ Silk production in Dubrovnik's Konavle region on inyourpocket.com
- ^ "La Lonja de la Seda de Valencia - UNESCO World Heritage Centre". Whc.unesco.org. http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/782. Retrieved 2011-04-10.
- ^ Diccionari Aguiló: materials lexicogràfics / aplegats per Marià Aguiló i Fuster; revisats i publicats sota la cura de Pompeu Fabra i Manuel de Montoliu, page 134, Institut d'Estudis Catalans, Barcelona 1929.
- ^ Callendine 1993
- ^ The Malayhandloom weavers:a study of the rise and decline of traditional ...
- ^ Bezzina, Neville. "Silk Production Process". http://www.senature.com/sensemagazine/research-technologies/silk-production-process-go-behind-the-scenes-1701.html.
- ^ "Handbook of Fiber Chemistry", Menachem Lewin, Editor, 3rd ed., 2006, CRC press, ISBN 0-8247-2565-4
- ^ "Handbook of Fiber Chemistry", Menachem Lewin, Editor, 2nd ed.,1998, Marcel Dekker, pp. 438-441, ISBN 0-8247-9471-0
- ^ The Times, London, article CS117993292, dated 12 Oct 1840, retrieved 30 Apr 2004.
- ^ "Piezoelectricity in Natural and Synthetic Silks". http://fs.tx.ncsu.edu/Past_Meetings/Spring_2003_Loughborough/papers/081-Ellison.pdf. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ Frank K. Ko; Sueo Kawabata, Mari Inoue, Masako Niwa. "Engineering Properties of Spider Silk". http://web.mit.edu/course/3/3.064/www/slides/Ko_spider_silk.pdf. Retrieved 9 July 2010.
- ^ Ricci, G et al. “Clinical Effectiveness of a Silk Fabric in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis”, British Journal of Dermatology 2004. Issue 150. Pages 127 - 131
- ^ Treatment. Senti. G. et al. “Antimicrobial Silk Clothing in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis Proves Comparable to Topical Corticosteroid” Department of Dermatology. Zurich Switzerland. Published in Dermatology 2006. 213:228 - 233
- ^ 10 minute video talk at TED by Fiorenzo Omenetto of Tufts University
- ^ Fritz, Anne and Cant, Jennifer (1986). Consumer Textiles. Oxford University Press Australia. Reprint 1987. ISBN 0-19-554647-4.
- ^ Carrie Gleason: The Biography of Silk, page 12. Crabtree Publishing Company 2007.
- ^ "Down and Silk: Birds and Insects Exploited for Fabric". PETA. http://www.peta.org/mc/factsheet_display.asp?ID=121. Retrieved 06 January 2007.
- ^ "Mahatma Gandhi: 100 years", 1968, p. 349
- ^ Silk Moths Fly Free Kusuma Rajaiah's Ahimsa project.
- ^ Silk saree without killing a single silkworm Another article about Rajaiah and his methods.
- Bibliography
- Callandine, Anthony (1993). "Lombe's Mill: An Exercise in reconstruction". Industrial Archaeology Review (Maney Publishing) XVI (1). ISSN 0309-0728.
- Good, Irene. 1995. “On the question of silk in pre-Han Eurasia” Antiquity Vol. 69, Number 266, December 1995, pp. 959–968
- Hill, John E. 2004. The Peoples of the West from the Weilüe 魏略 by Yu Huan 魚豢: A Third Century Chinese Account Composed between 239 and 265 AD. Draft annotated English translation. Appendix E.
- Hill, John E. (2009) Through the Jade Gate to Rome: A Study of the Silk Routes during the Later Han Dynasty, 1st to 2nd Centuries CE. BookSurge, Charleston, South Carolina. ISBN 978-1-4392-2134-1.
- Kuhn, Dieter. 1995. “Silk Weaving in Ancient China: From Geometric Figures to Patterns of Pictorial Likeness.” Chinese Science 12 (1995): pp. 77–114.
- Liu, Xinru (1996). Silk and Religion: An Exploration of Material Life and the Thought of People, AD 600-1200. Oxford University Press.
- Liu, Xinru (2010). The Silk Road in World History. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-516174-8; ISBN 978-0-19-533810-2 (pbk).
- Rayner, Hollins (1903). Silk throwing and waste silk spinning. Scott, Greenwood, Van Nostrand. http://openlibrary.org/books/OL7174062M/Silk_throwing_and_waste_silk_spinning.
- Sung, Ying-Hsing. 1637. Chinese Technology in the Seventeenth Century - T'ien-kung K'ai-wu. Translated and annotated by E-tu Zen Sun and Shiou-chuan Sun. Pennsylvania State University Press, 1966. Reprint: Dover, 1997. Chap. 2. Clothing materials.
- Kadolph, Sara J. Textiles. 10th ed. Upper Saddle River: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007. 76-81.
- Ricci, G et al. “Clinical Effectiveness of a Silk Fabric in the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis”, British Journal of Dermatology (2004) Issue 150. Pages 127 - 131
External links[link]
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Look up silk in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Silk |
- References to silk by Roman and Byzantine writers
- A series of maps depicting the global trade in silk
- History of traditional silk in martial arts uniforms
- Raising silkworms in classrooms for educational purposes (with photos)
- New thread in fabric of insect silks | physorg.com
- Fiorenzo Omenetto: Silk, the ancient material of the future
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|---|---|
| File:Silk Smitha.jpg | |
| Born | Vijayalakshmi Vadlapati (1960-12-02)2 December 1960 Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India West Godavari District, Near Rajahmundry city. |
| Died | 23 September 1996(1996-09-23) (aged 35) Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India |
| Cause of death | Suicide |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1978–1996 |
Vijayalakshmi Vadlapati(Telugu: విజయలక్ష్మి వడ్లపతి), known popularly as Silk Smitha was an Indian film artiste who worked predominantly in the South Indian languages. She entered the film industry as an extra[1] actress, and first got noticed for her role as "Silk" in the 1979 Tamil film Vandichakkaram. She became a sought-after 'erotic actress' in the 1980s and in a career spanning 17 years, she appeared in over 450 films in Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Kannada and Hindi languages. On September 23, 1996, she was found dead in her apartment in Chennai, apparently having committed suicide.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Vadlapati Vijayalakshmi was born in a poor family in Eluru, Andhra Pradesh. She left school after her fourth standard (in India, at about 8 years of age) due to the family's financial constraints. Her striking looks burdened her with uninvited attention, and her family married her off at a very young age. When she was ill-treated by her husband and in-laws, she ran away to Madras (now known as Chennai) and started living with an aunt.[2][3]
Career[link]
Vijayalakshmi started as a touch-up artist for a B-grade actor, and soon got a break in small character roles.[2] Later she was discovered by Tamil director Vinu Chakravarthy at a flour mill. He renamed her Smitha, and took her under his wing: his wife taught her English, and arranged for her to learn dancing from another teacher.[4] Smitha made her debut in the Malayalam film Inaye Thedi in 1979,[5] though soon, due to her marked sex appeal, she switched to roles of cabaret dancers and vamps and inevitably found herself type casted.[2] After garnering much notice and acclaim with her first major role in the Tamil film Vandichakkaram, in 1979, Smitha assumed the screen name "Silk", after her character's name in the movie.[6][7] However after it became a big hit, she could not escape typecasting, severely limiting her range throughout her career.[2]
Silk Smitha went on to star in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada and a few Hindi films. Her dance numbers, semi-nude scenes and bold performances in films like Moondru Mugam made her the ultimate symbol of sensuality in South Indian cinema. Her item numbers in films like Amaran, Hallimeshtru Kannada were also celebrated at the box office. Some film critics, historians and journalists have referred to her as a "soft porn" actress.[8] A vast majority of her movies are considered 'softcore' by Indian standards and a common theme is her playing a freakishly strong agent in skimpy bikinis beating up huge thugs. Her acting prowess did not go completely unnoticed and in her rare non-sexual roles, she impressed critics and audiences, such as her portrayal of a wife hurt by her husband's infidelity in Alaigal Oivathillai (1981).[2] One of her films, Layanam (1989), has earned a cult status in the Indian adult film industry, and was dubbed in numerous languages including, Hindi as Reshma Ki Jawani (2002), which too acquired cult status.[2][9] Her most respected film is Moondram Pirai by Balu Mahendra, remade in Hindi as Sadma, with much of the top-drawer cast, including Sridevi, Kamal Hassan, and Silk Smitha reprising their roles.[10]
Such was her audience-drawing power that, at the peak of her career, according to Tamil film historian, Randor Guy, "Films that had lain in cans for years were sold by the simple addition of a Silk Smitha song.”.[2]
Death[link]
In 1996, Smitha was found dead in her Chennai apartment. In the prior year she had been trying to move her career to become a film producer. Financial problems, a disillusionment in love and an alcohol dependency apparently led to depression. It is suspected that Smitha committed suicide by poisoning herself.
Legacy[link]
In 2011, a biopic on Silk Smitha's life, titled The Dirty Picture, was produced in Hindi by Ekta Kapoor. The movie was directed by Milan Luthria [11] and starred Vidya Balan (who later won Best Actress) as Smitha along with Emraan Hashmi, Naseeruddin Shah, Tusshar Kapoor. The movie was released on Smitha's birthday on December 2, 2011 and received favourable reviews.[2][12] The same day, The Times of India published her top 10 movie scenes in its Top 10 videos.[13]The Dirty Picture's Telugu dubbed version released in theatres across Andhra Pradesh has broken a 25-year record in box office collections (in dubbed films category). Reports suggest that the family of Silk Smitha, on whom the film is based, is not happy with the movie. Silk Smitha's brother V Naga Vara Prasad claimed the film was made without the family's consent.[14]
Selected filmography[link]
| Year | Film | Role | Language |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1978 | Bedi | Kannada | |
| 1979 | Vandichakkaram | Silk as bar girl | Tamil |
| 1981 | Alaigal Oivathillai | Tamil | |
| 1981 | Seethakoka Chiluka | Telugu | |
| 1982 | Yamakinkarudu | Telugu | |
| 1982 | Moondram Pirai | Headmaster's wife | Tamil |
| 1982 | Sagalakala Vallavan | Tamil | |
| 1982 | Pattanathu Rajakkal | Tamil | |
| 1982 | Theerpu | Tamil | |
| 1982 | Thanikattu Raja | Tamil | |
| 1982 | Ranga | Tamil | |
| 1982 | Sivantha Kankal | Tamil | |
| 1982 | Parvaiyin Marupakkam | Tamil | |
| 1983 | Moondru Mugam | Tamil | |
| 1983 | Paayum Puli | Tamil | |
| 1983 | Thudikkum Karangal | Tamil | |
| 1983 | Sadma | Soni | Hindi |
| 1983 | Thai Veedu | Tamil | |
| 1983 | Nizhal Moodiya Nirangal | Malayalam | |
| 1983 | Prathigna | Malayalam | |
| 1983 | Thanga Magan | Tamil | |
| 1983 | Khaidi | Telugu | |
| 1983 | Jeet Hamaari | Soni | Hindi |
| 1983 | Jaani Dost | Laila | Hindi |
| 1983 | Attakkalasam | Malayalam | |
| 1983 | Eettappuli | Rani | Malayalam |
| 1983 | Silk Silk Silk | Tamil | |
| 1983 | Soorakottai Singakutti | Tamil | |
| 1983 | Gudachari No.1 | Telugu | |
| 1983 | Roshagadu | Telugu | |
| 1984 | Challenge | Priyamvada | Telugu |
| 1984 | Rustum | Telugu | |
| 1984 | Neenga Kettavai | Tamil | |
| 1984 | Vaazhkai | Tamil | |
| 1984 | Prachanda Kulla | Kannada | |
| 1985 | Ottayam | Bhagyalakshmi | Malayalam |
| 1985 | Revenge | Geetha | Malayalam |
| 1985 | Chattamtho Poratam | Telugu | |
| 1985 | Shri Datta Darshanam | Telugu | |
| 1986 | Raakshasudu | Telugu | |
| 1987 | Aalappirandhavan | Tamil | |
| 1989 | Miss Pamela | Malayalam | |
| 1989 | Layanam | Malayalam | |
| 1989 | Andru Peytha Mazhaiyil | Tamil | |
| 1989 | Adharvam | Ponni | Malayalam |
| 1989 | Pick Pocket | Tamil | |
| 1989 | Sonthakkaran | Sudha | Tamil |
| 1990 | Avasara Police 100 | Amulu | Tamil |
| 1990 | Sunday 7 PM | Malayalam | |
| 1990 | Bamma Maata Bangaru Baata | Telugu | |
| 1991 | Aditya 369 | Rajanarthaki Nandini | Telugu |
| 1991 | Thalattu Ketkudhamma | Tamil | |
| 1991 | Chaithanya | Telugu | |
| 1991 | Thambikku Oru Paattu | Tamil | |
| 1991 | Idhayam | Tamil | |
| 1992 | Naadody | Malayalam | |
| 1992 | Halli Meshtru | Kannada | |
| 1992 | Antham | Telugu | |
| 1993 | Sabash Babu | Tamil | |
| 1993 | Bava Bavamaridi | Telugu | |
| 1993 | Govindha Govindha | Guest Appearance in song | Telugu |
| 1993 | Mafia | Malayalam | |
| 1993 | Ulle Veliye | Tamil | |
| 1993 | Alimayya | Kannada | |
| 1993 | Rakshana | Telugu | |
| 1993 | Muta Mestri | Telugu | |
| 1994 | Oru Vasantha Geetham | Tamil | |
| 1994 | Athiradi Padai | Tamil | |
| 1994 | Palnati Pourusham | Telugu | |
| 1994 | Maro Quit India | Telugu | |
| 1995 | Spadikam | Laila | Malayalam |
| 1995 | Thumboli Kadappuram | Malayalam | |
| 1995 | Three Men Army | Malayalam | |
| 1996 | Lucky Man | Tamil | |
| 1996 | Coimbatore Mappillai | Tamil | |
| 1996 | Subaash | Tamil | |
| 1996 | Kishkinda Kaanda | Telugu | |
| 1996 | Kishkinda Kaanda | Tamil |
References[link]
- ^ Anupama Chopra (September 28, 2011). "Why Silk Smitha is Bollywood's favourite bad girl". NDTV Movies. http://movies.ndtv.com/movie_story.aspx?ID=ENTEN20110184987&keyword=bollywood&subcatg=MOVIESINDIA&nid=136920.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Silk Route: Ekta Kapoor's forthcoming film 'The Dirty Picture' revisits a sequins-and-pelvic-thrust era of Tamil cinema.". Mint (newspaper). September 30, 2011. http://www.livemint.com/2011/09/30210746/Silk-Route.html?h=A3.
- ^ Name = Kuldip, Name= hussain (1996-09-26). "Obituary". The Independent cited in BNET. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19960926/ai_n14066122. Retrieved 2006-11-09. [dead link]
- ^ Name = KP, Name= Sunil (1997-04-04). "Chronicle of a death foretold". Rediff India Abroad. http://www.rediff.com/entertai/apr/04silk.htm. Retrieved 2009-01-02.
- ^ Chronicle of a death foretold Rediff April 04, 1997
- ^ Name = Staff Correspondent, Name= Pradeep (2006-10-26). "Some reel-life role models". Deccan Herald. http://archive.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/Oct262006/update11483520061026.asp. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
- ^ Vicky Lalwani (February 21, 2011). "Ekta slams Silk Smitha's boyfriend". The Times of India. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-02-21/news-interviews/28618730_1_silk-smitha-dirty-picture-ekta-kapoor.
- ^ Name = Sebastian, Name= (2005-03-06). "Magic workers". The Hindu. http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/lr/2005/03/06/stories/2005030600310500.htm. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
- ^ Name = Bhattacharya, Name= Roshmila (2002-11-08). "Sex Sells". Screen Weekly. http://www.screenindia.com/fullstory.php?content_id=8. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
- ^ Name = Ashok Kumar, Name= SR (2006-09-06). "A saga of success". The Hindu. http://www.hindu.com/fr/2006/09/15/stories/2006091500110200.htm. Retrieved 2006-11-09.
- ^ "Vidya's nothing like Silk". Pune Times of India. September 2, 2011.
- ^ "First Look: Vidya Balan as Silk Smitha". Times of India. 2011-08-26. http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-08-26/news-interviews/29931311_1_silk-smitha-vidya-balan-ekta-kapoor. Retrieved 2011-11-29.
- ^ "Top 10 Silk Smitha Seduction scenes". Times of India. 2011-12-02. http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/videols/10955832.cms. Retrieved 2011-12-06.
- ^ http://www.indianexpress.com/videos/entertainment/20/the-dirty-picture-irks-silks-kin/6504
Further reading[link]
- Ashish Rajadhyaksha, Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema, Oxford University Press, 1994 (ISBN 0-85170-669-X)
- Roopa Swaminathan, Star Dust: Vignettes from the Fringes of the Film Industry, Penguin, 2004 (ISBN 0-14-303243-7)
- Suparna Bhaskaran, Made in India: Decolonizations, Queer Sexualities, Trans/National Projects, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004 (ISBN 1-4039-6726-1)
External links[link]
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Smitha, Silk |
| Alternative names | Vijayalakshimi |
| Short description | Actress |
| Date of birth | 2 December 1960 |
| Place of birth | Eluru, Andhra Pradesh |
| Date of death | 23 September 1996 |
| Place of death | Chennai, Tamil Nadu |
http://wn.com/Silk_Smitha
Related pages:
http://pt.wn.com/Silk Smitha
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk_Smitha
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For the former American Football player, see Buster Rhymes.
| Busta Rhymes | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Trevor Tahiem Smith, Jr. |
| Born | (1972-05-20) May 20, 1972 (age 40) |
| Origin | Brooklyn, New York, U.S. |
| Genres | Hip hop |
| Occupations | Rapper, actor |
| Years active | 1989–present |
| Labels | Conglomerate, Cash Money |
| Associated acts | Leaders of the New School, A Tribe Called Quest, Flipmode Squad, Spliff Star, Dr. Dre, N.O.R.E., The Notorious B.I.G., Pharrell, Swizz Beatz, DMX, Mystikal, Wu-Tang Clan, M.O.P., |
Trevor Tahiem Smith, Jr., (born May 20, 1972),[1] better known by his stage name Busta Rhymes, is an American rapper, producer and actor. Chuck D of Public Enemy gave him the alias Busta Rhymes after NFL wide receiver George "Buster" Rhymes. Early in his career, he was known for his wild style and fashion, and today is best known for his intricate rapping technique, which involves rapping at a fast rate with lots of internal rhyme and half rhyme, and to date has received eleven Grammy nominations for his musical work. About.com included him on its list of the 50 Greatest MCs of Our Time (1987–2007),[2] while Steve Huey of Allmusic called him one of the best and most prolific rappers of the '90s.[3]
Contents
|
Early life[link]
Busta was born in Red Hook, Brooklyn, New York, and grew up in Flatbush, Brooklyn, to Jamaican parents Geraldine Green and Trevor Smith, Sr. in 1972. Smith attended George Westinghouse Career and Technical Education High School, alongside Jay-Z, DMX and The Notorious B.I.G.[4][5][6][7] He went to Uniondale High School on Long Island, graduating in 1990.
Music Career[link]
Leaders of the New School and rising popularity: 1990–1993[link]
Hip-hop crew Leaders of the New School began recording in 1989 and released their debut album A Future Without a Past... in 1991 on Elektra Records. In early 1992 the group appeared on A Tribe Called Quest's posse cut "Scenario," in which Busta's climactic verse propelled him into the cultural consciousness.[8] In 1993, they released T.I.M.E. (The Inner Mind's Eye). Soon after, however, internal problems arose because of Busta's increasing popularity, and the group broke up on the set of Yo! MTV Raps.
After LONS broke up, Busta Rhymes began making guest appearances on several hip-hop and R&B artists singles such as R&B group Boyz II Men, he appeared on the track "Intro Talk" on Mary J. Blige's landmark debut album, What's the 411?, he also appeared on the album jacket of fellow hip-hop group A Tribe Called Quest's Midnight Marauders, with a host of other fellow hip-hop pioneers. In 1993, he appeared in a cameo role in Yo! MTV Raps hosts Doctor Dré and Ed Lover's film, Who's the Man?, and in the HBO film, Strapped, and co-starred alongside Ice Cube and Omar Epps in the John Singleton film, Higher Learning (which was in post-production until it was released in 1995). The following year, he teamed up with Puff Daddy, LL Cool J, and future Flipmode Squad member, Rampage and former classmate The Notorious B.I.G., on a remix to Craig Mack's "Flava In Ya Ear", soon after he would team up again with The Notorious B.I.G. among a plethora of rappers such as Bone Thugs-n-Harmony and Coolio on the single, "The Points" which appeared on the soundtrack to the 1995 film, Panther.
[edit] The Coming and When Disaster Strikes: 1995–1997
In the summer of 1995, Busta Rhymes started work on his first album The Coming, and a month after recording the album, he released it in March of 1996. A month before the album was released, he broke out with a solo hit single, "Woo Hah!! Got You All in Check". Later, he started work on his second album, When Disaster Strikes, which would not be released until September 1997. It produced the hit singles "Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See" and "Fire It Up".
[edit] Extinction Level Event (Final World Front): 1998–1999
In 1998, Busta recorded Extinction Level Event (Final World Front). Its lead single, "Gimme Some More" — which sampled Bernard Herrmann's theme from Psycho — reached number 6 in the UK singles chart in January 1999. Busta enjoyed further transatlantic success in April when the single "What's It Gonna Be?!", featuring Janet Jackson, reached the US and UK Top 11. The album received prominent notice for featuring the fastest rapping Busta has ever performed, particularly on a song called "Iz They Wildin Wit Us?", featuring a guest appearance by Mystikal.[1]
J/Arista/BMG[link]
- Anarchy & Genesis (2000-2001)
In 2000, Busta recorded his final album for Elektra, entitled Anarchy. After Busta signed to J Records, a label started by the then recently ousted Arista Records chief and founder Clive Davis, he released a greatest hits collection[citation needed] alongside a new album of original work. Continuing the Biblical theme of his previous albums, he titled his record Genesis. The album featured collaborations with Mary J. Blige, P. Diddy, Kelis, and others. Genesis was powered by the hit single with Kelis, "What It Is", and his solo single released in November 2001, "Break Ya Neck". The final single was the summer smash "Pass the Courvoisier, Part II", which featured Pharrell and P. Diddy. Despite the success of the two singles, this album did not sell as well as previous releases.
- It Aint Safe No More (2002-2004)
In 2002, Busta released his sixth studio album It Ain't Safe No More. The album was moderately successful, with a hit song featuring Mariah Carey and the Flipmode Squad called "I Know What You Want". Another hit song was "Make It Clap", featuring Spliff Starr. The remix of "Make It Clap" featured Sean Paul. After its release, he left J Records. In 2004, he signed with Dr. Dre's Aftermath Entertainment.
Aftermath/Interscope[link]
- The Big Bang (2006)
His seventh studio album, The Big Bang, became the first #1 album of his career. The CD sold over 209,000 copies in its first week to earn the top spot on The Billboard Top 200.[9] The album also became his highest charting album in the UK, peaking at #19. Some of the album was leaked on the Internet, and as a result several songs were left off the album and new ones added. The Big Bang featured more production by Dr. Dre than Busta's previous releases, as well as appearances by Raekwon and Nas. The singles that have been released from the album are, "Touch It", "I Love My Bitch", featuring Kelis and Will.I.Am, "New York Shit", featuring Swizz Beatz and "In The Ghetto". Busta also had a stint opening for Mariah Carey's The Adventures of Mimi Tour. Also, Busta performed with Eminem on "Touch It Remix Part 5" and performed a verse on the aforementioned rapper's song, "I'll Hurt You". On July 17, 2008, Busta left Interscope/Aftermath due to a creative clash with Interscope head Jimmy Iovine.
Universal Motown[link]
- Back on My B.S. (2007-2009)
He also made a song featuring Linkin Park called "We Made It". It was later revealed that Busta inked a deal with Universal Motown, who released his eighth studio album, Back on My B.S., on May 19, 2009.[10] He also appeared on Asher Roth's debut album, Asleep in the Bread Aisle. The album debuted at #5 on the Billboard 200, selling 56,000 copies, and was his first album to not receive an RIAA certification, selling 122,000 copies to date. The singles that have been released from the album are, "Arab Money", featuring Ron Browz, "Hustler's Anthem '09", featuring T-Pain and "Respect My Conglomerate". The song "World Go Round", featuring British singer Estelle, was released in France on April 6, 2009 due to the heavy rotation of a leaked version. The single was released in the UK on July 13, 2009. Due to controversial content, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has banned the album. Back on My B.S. was released internationally, but because of one song, "Arab Money", it is not available to buy as a CD there (however, the album can still be purchased via iTunes). According to the National Media Council, the lyrics were considered to be offensive to Arabs and to Islam, and permission for distribution was therefore denied. Some DJs, artists and fans have lambasted the track, saying it portrayed Arabs in a stereotypical way. The first part out of three of the remix by Rhymes contains verses from the Quran. In November, when "Arab Money" was released as a single, DJ Dany Neville and the Iraqi rapper The Narcicyst responded by recorded a reply. Busta later apologized. DJs in the country said they had not received an order banning the record from being spun in nightclubs, and they had mixed feelings on whether the record was offensive or not.[11] DJ Saif of Dubai said:
| “ | I don't play 'Arab Money' because it's disrespectful on Arabs. I don't think there is a ban on playing it in clubs, but many here don't play it anyway.[11] | ” |
Emirati DJ DJ Bliss, refused to play the Busta Rhymes' single called Arab Money on Radio 1 in Dubai after it was banned in the UAE for offense to Arabs along with many other Dj's in the United Arab Emirates that also took a stand. He added:
| “ | I used to play the original version in the club, but out of respect for the laws here in my country, I haven’t played it since.[11] | ” |
[edit] Conglomerate Records / Cash Money Records & Extinction Level Event 2 (2010-present)
Busta announced that he was working on his tenth studio album, alongside Canadian producer Boi-1da, entitled The Chemo. He says that his next project is 80 percent finished.[12] Busta has reportedly changed the title of his forthcoming Chemo album to Extinction.Level.Event.2 (E.L.E. 2).[13] Some new songs are being considered for the album, including "C'mon (Catch 'Em By Surprise) by Tiësto and Diplo and "Look at Me Now" alongside Chris Brown and Lil Wayne. The trend of album sequels continues with Busta adding another chapter to his 1998 opus E.L.E. (Extinction Level Event): The Final World Front. Busta's manager Chris Lighty sent out the message via Twitter. He said; "Extinction.Level.Event 2 ......prepare yourself." Like the first, E.L.E. 2 is inspired by movies of impending destruction on planet Earth, Lighty said; "From the Intro of the new Busta Album you're going to know you're in trouble and you just turned on 2012 the movie on warp speed,".
DJ Premier, in an August 6, 2010 interview on Conspiracy Worldwide Radio said Busta Rhymes has received over eight beats which he didn't want to use but Premier hoped his next beat would be chosen for inclusion on the album.[14] On DJ Premier's Live From Headqcourterz radio show Premier confirmed that one of his beats were to be included in E.L.E. 2. In 2010, Busta Rhymes formed his new label Conglomerate Records (With later on having rosters such as N.O.R.E., and Spliff Star). He was featured on C'mon (Catch 'Em By Surprise) by Tiësto and Diplo.
In 2011, Rhymes recorded "Look at Me Now" with Chris Brown and Lil Wayne on Brown's fourth album, F.A.M.E., the song has received favorable reviews regarding Rhymes guest verse on the song, and is his highest chart entry on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number six, while reaching number one on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, becoming his first #1 on that chart. On September 7, 2011, Rhymes received six nominations for the BET Hip Hop Awards, held on October 11, 2011.
On May 1, 2011 Rhymes appeared on the launch show for MNET's Big Brother Africa 6: Amplified and performed some of his songs.
In 2011, Busta Rhymes performed at the Gathering of the Juggalos.[15]
Rhymes contributed to the 2011 Tech N9ne album "All 6's and 7's". The single "Worldwide Choppers" was released on May 31st, 2011.[16]
Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber will feature Busta on a song called "Drummer Boy" off Bieber's sophomore studio album, Under the Mistletoe, released on 1 November 2011.[17]
On November 11, 2011, a Heavy D tribute song titled "You Ain’t Gotta Wait Till I’m Gone" was leaked.[18]
On November 16, 2011, it was announced that Busta Rhymes and Mystikal signed to Cash Money Records.[19] On June 08, 2010, way before he was signed by Birdman, he released "Stop the Party (Iron Man)" which featured Swizz Beatz. For his debut single on the Cash Money label and his Conglomerate Records, he reunites with Chris Brown to make the aggressive single known as Why Stop Now.
In 2012, Busta collaborated with Jodie Connor, featuring on her single "Take You There", however he did not appear in the music video.
A song with Twista, titled "Can You Keep Up" was leaked.
Acting Career[link]
Busta has appeared in a number of films (including Shaft, The Rugrats Movie, Halloween: Resurrection, and Higher Learning) and TV shows (including Cosby, The Boondocks, and The Steve Harvey Show).[20][21][22][23][24]
Personal life[link]
Busta has three children with his ex-girlfriend, Joanne Wood: T'Ziah (born 1993), T'Khi (born 1999), and Trillian (born 2000).
Religion[link]
On September 2, 2007, a video was uploaded on Liveleak.com about Rhymes having converted to Islam.[25] He himself has said that he lives his life by Islam, stating he is Muslim and loves Allah.
Legal issues[link]
On August 20, 2006, he was arraigned for charges of third-degree assault after attacking a man who reportedly spat on his car in New York City on August 12 after the AmsterJam Music Festival on Randall's Island.[26]
On October 24, 2006, he appeared at Manhattan Criminal Court as the district attorney's office attempted to amend previous charges against him to include weapons possession for a machete found in his car. The judge refused to add the charge and adjourned the case.[27][28]
On February 20, 2007, Busta refused a plea deal offered by the prosecutors office for the assault of his former driver, Edward Hatchett. The deal would have entailed six months in jail and pleading guilty to two assaults, the attack on Hatchett, and the attack on the former fan. The dispute with Hatchett is believed to have originated over back pay Hatchett felt he was owed. Manhattan Criminal Court Judge Becki Rowe offered Busta another option, pleading guilty to third-degree assault. The conditions of the proposed sentence would include five days of community service, two weeks of youth lectures and six months of anger management classes, as well as three years of probation. On March 18, 2008 a judge in New York City sentenced Busta to three years' probation, 10 days' community service, $1250 in fines (plus court costs), and to enroll in a drunken driving program.[28][29][30][31]
On September 25, 2008, he was temporarily refused entry to the United Kingdom due to "unresolved convictions".[32]
On October 14, 2009, a Brooklyn judge ordered Busta to pay a concert goer $75,000 in compensation for an assault which occurred in 2003.[33]
Discography[link]
Main article: Busta Rhymes discography
- The Coming (1996)
- When Disaster Strikes... (1997)
- E.L.E. (Extinction Level Event): The Final World Front (1998)
- Anarchy (2000)
- Genesis (2001)
- It Ain't Safe No More... (2002)
- The Big Bang (2006)
- Back on My B.S. (2009)
- E.L.E. (Extinction Level Event) 2: End of the World (TBA)
Awards and nominations[link]
Busta Rhymes has been nominated for 11 Grammy Awards during his 16-year solo career.
Grammy Awards
| Year | Nominated work | Award | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | "Woo-Hah! Got You All in Check" | Best Rap Solo Performance | Nominated |
| 1998 | "Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See" | Best Rap Solo Performance | Nominated |
| 1999 | "Dangerous" | Best Rap Solo Performance | Nominated |
| 2000 | "Gimme Some More" | Best Rap Solo Performance | Nominated |
| 2000 | "What's It Gonna Be?" | Best Rap Performance By a Duo or Group | Nominated |
| 2000 | E.L.E. (Extinction Level Event): The Final World Front | Best Rap Album | Nominated |
| 2001 | "Fire" | Best Music Video, Short Form | Nominated |
| 2003 | "Pass the Courvoisier Pt. 2" | Best Rap Performance By a Duo or Group | Nominated |
| 2007 | "Touch It" | Best Rap Solo Performance | Nominated |
| 2012 | "Look At Me Now" | Best Rap Performance | Nominated |
| 2012 | "Look At Me Now" | Best Rap Song | Nominated |
Busta Rhymes has been nominated for 10 MTV Video Music Awards during his 16-year solo career, but has yet to win one.
MTV Video Music Awards
| Year | Nominated work | Award | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1996 | "Woo-Hah! Got You All in Check" | Best Breakthrough Video | Nominated |
| 1998 | "Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See" | Best Rap Video | Nominated |
| 1998 | "Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See" | Best Male Video | Nominated |
| 1998 | "Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See" | Best Breakthrough Video | Nominated |
| 1999 | "What's It Gonna Be?" | Best Hip-Hop Video | Nominated |
| 1999 | "Gimme Some More" | Best Breakthrough Video | Nominated |
| 2002 | "Pass the Courvoisier Pt. 2" | Best Hip-Hop Video | Nominated |
| 2003 | "I Know What You Want" | Best Hip-Hop Video | Nominated |
| 2006 | "Touch It" | Best Rap Video | Nominated |
| 2006 | "Touch It" | Best Male Video | Nominated |
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ a b Bush, John (1972-05-20). "allmusic Biography". Allmusic.com. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p61282/biography. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "Top 50 MCs of Our Time: 1987 - 2007 - 50 Greatest Emcees of Our Time". Rap.about.com. 2012-01-26. http://rap.about.com/od/toppicks/ss/Top50Emcees_3.htm. Retrieved 2012-03-30.
- ^ Huey, Steve (2000-06-20). "Anarchy - Busta Rhymes". AllMusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/anarchy-r486345/review. Retrieved 2012-03-30.
- ^ [1][dead link]
- ^ "Busta Rhymes Biography". Filmreference.com. http://www.filmreference.com/film/61/Busta-Rhymes.html. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ Century, Douglas (January 26, 2002). "Rhymes and reason". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/theguardian/2002/jan/26/weekend7.weekend2. Retrieved April 27, 2010.
- ^ "Mom of star rapper Busta Rhymes loses 145 pounds, shows there's hope for others fighting obesity". Jet. 2004. http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_21_106/ai_n7580052/.
- ^ Young, Kevin. Unwrapping the Message. Bookforum. Accessed November 16, 2010.
- ^ "All Music - The Big Bang". http://www.allmusic.com/album/r834513/charts-awards.
- ^ Exclusive: Busta Rhymes Signs with Universal Motown. Rap-up.com.'.' Retrieved September 17, 2008.
- ^ a b c "Busta Rhymes album banned over track that quotes Quran - The National Newspaper". Thenational.ae. 2009-05-28. http://www.thenational.ae/article/20090529/NATIONAL/705289848/1010. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "Busta Rhymes Brings Chemo To Hip Hop | Busta Rhymes". Rap Basement. 2009-09-02. http://www.rapbasement.com/busta-rhymes/090209-busta-rhymes-says-hes-80-percent-done-with-new-the-chemo-album.html. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "Busta Rhymes Changes Title Of New Album | Busta Rhymes". Rap Basement. 2010-05-10. http://www.rapbasement.com/busta-rhymes/051010-busta-rhymes-changes-title-of-new-album-from-chemo-to-extinction-level-event-2-watch-here.html. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "DJ Premier talks of Busta Rhymes on Conspiracy Worldwide Radio Aug 6th 2010". Conspiracyworldwide.podomatic.com. 2010-08-07. http://conspiracyworldwide.podomatic.com/entry/index/2010-08-07T11_24_08-07_00. Retrieved 2010-09-06.
- ^ "Video: 2011 Gathering Of The Juggalos Infomercial". Ilpvideo.com. 2011-06-18. http://ilpvideo.com/video.php?v=MjQ5NjA. Retrieved 2011-10-30.
- ^ ""Worldwide Choppers" single on iTunes". http://itunes.apple.com/us/album/worldwide-choppers-feat-d/id438708422. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
- ^ "Justin Bieber Unwraps ‘Mistletoe’ Tracklisting with Mariah Carey, Usher, & Busta Rhymes". Rap-Up.com. http://www.rap-up.com/2011/10/05/justin-bieber-unwraps-mistletoe-tracklisting-with-mariah-carey-usher-busta-rhymes/. Retrieved 2011-10-30.
- ^ "You Ain't Gotta Wait Til I'm Gone (Heavy D Tribute)". HipHopDX.com. 2011-11-11. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/singles/id.17612/title.busta-rhymes-you-aint-gotta-wait-til-im-gone-heavy-d-tribute. Retrieved 2011-11-11.
- ^ "New Music: Busta Rhymes x Chris Brown 'Why Stop Now'". RapRadar.com. 2011-11-16. http://rapradar.com/2011/11/16/new-music-busta-rhymes-x-chris-brown-why-stop-now/. Retrieved 2011-11-16.
- ^ http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1426758/busta-rhymes-expands-film-resume-with-shaft-madonna-projects.jhtml
- ^ http://www.thecrimson.com/article/2004/4/28/o-busta-where-art-thou-in/
- ^ http://www.bet.com/topics/b/busta-rhymes.html
- ^ http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,322706,00.html
- ^ http://bossip.com/100124/busta-rhymes-would-gladly-trade-rap-for-tv-career
- ^ "Busta Rhymes Converts to Islam". liveleak.com. http://www.liveleak.com/view?i=c68_1188723453&c=1. Retrieved 2007-09-02.
- ^ P-I staff, news services (2006-08-21). "People in the News: Busta Rhymes busted". Seattle Post-Intelligencer (Hearst Corporation). http://www.seattlepi.com/people/281942_people21.html. Retrieved 2007-05-11.
- ^ Hartocollis, Anemona (October 25, 2006). "Rappers Come and Go, Serving Justice and Their Fans". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/25/nyregion/25rap.html?_r=1&ref=nyregion&oref=slogin. Retrieved April 27, 2010.
- ^ a b "Rapper Busta Rhymes considers judge’s plea offer". Boston Herald. February 20, 2007. http://thetrack.bostonherald.com/moreTrack/view.bg?articleid=183987. [dead link]
- ^ "Rapper Busta Rhymes considers plea deal for misdemeanor assault with no jail time". Court TV. February 21, 2007. http://www.courttv.com/people/2007/0220/busta_rhymes_ap.html.
- ^ Gregorian, Dareh (February 21, 2007). "Rhymes Could 'Beat' The Rap". New York Post. http://www.nypost.com/seven/02212007/news/regionalnews/rhymes_could_beat_the_rap_regionalnews_dareh_gregorian.htm.
- ^ Woo Hah! Judge's Got Busta All in Check! - TMZ.com - Entertainment News, Celebrity Gossip and Hollywood Rumors
- ^ "Rapper Rhymes detained at airport". BBC. September 25, 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/7635992.stm. Retrieved 2008-09-25.
- ^ Demarche, Edmund; Sanderson, Bill (December 4, 2009). "Busta fined 75G for fan assault". New York Post. http://www.nypost.com/p/news/local/brooklyn/busta_fined_for_fan_assault_hzaq1jj4lxauqfulTytkuI.
External links[link]
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Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Busta Rhymes |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Busta Rhymes |
- Busta Rhymes at MTV
- Busta Rhymes at the Internet Movie Database
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Busta Rhymes |
| Alternative names | Smith, Trevor Taheim, Jr. |
| Short description | Rapper, hip hop musician |
| Date of birth | 5/20/1972 |
| Place of birth | Brooklyn, New York, United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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