Look up primary in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Primary may refer to:

• Primary (astronomy), the larger of two co-orbiting bodies
• Primary mirror, principal light-gathering surface of a reflecting telescope
• Primary (band), from Australia
• Primary circuit, electrical circuit in a transformer that receives current, as opposed to secondary circuit
• Primary election, an election by which a political party selects and nominates a candidate
• Power line, electric power transmission line fed to or from a transformer
• Primary (film), 1960 documentary
• Primary (LDS Church), children's Sunday School organization
• "Primary" (song), by The Cure
• Primary, the oldest period in the Geologic time scale (obsolete)
• "Primary", a song by Spoon from the album Telephono
• Primaries, remiges (wing feathers) in birds
• Primaries or primary beams, in E. E. Smith's science-fiction series Lensman
• The first stage in a thermonuclear explosive, may also be used alone in a lower-yield nuclear explosive, see nuclear weapon design

Mathematics[link]

• Prime power, positive integer power of a prime number
• Primary decomposition, a decomposition into primary ideals
• p-group, a group of prime power order
• Primary ideals, a concept in commutative algebra

Gaming[link]

Primary, a game on Armor Games.

See also[link]

• Primary education, the first stage of compulsory education
• Primary field, a type of field in conformal field theory
• Primary Flight Training, in the U.S. Navy
• Primary FRCA, academic examination for anaesthetists in the U.K.
• Primary group (disambiguation)
• Primary Music, Israeli record label
• Primary school, a school providing primary education
• Primary source

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Yee Jenn Jong (Chinese: 余振忠; pinyin: Yú Zhèn Zhōng, born 24 March 1965) is a Singaporean politician from the Workers' Party of Singapore (Workers' Party) who is currently a Non-constituency Member of Parliament (NCMP) of the 12th Parliament of Singapore.^[1]

Political career[link]

Yee first stepped into the political world in 2011 contesting in the Joo Chiat Single Member Constituency (Joo Chiat SMC) against Charles Chong from the People's Action Party. Although he lost marginally with 48.99% of the votes, he finished as second best loser in an election whereby less than 9 non-ruling party Members of Parliament (MPs) made it to parliament and was entitled to an NCMP position in the 12th Parliament of Singapore. It was confirmed by Workers' Party on 13 May 2011 that Yee would be taking up the NCMP position.^[2] With Yee taking up the NCMP position together with Gerald Giam, Workers' Party set a new record in the Singapore's post-independence political arena becoming the first non-ruling party to have 8 (6 MP^[3] + 2 NCMP) seats in parliament.

Education[link]

• GCE A-Levels, Temasek Junior College
• Bachelor of Science in Computer Science (Hons), National University of Singapore
• Master of Science in Computer Science, National University of Singapore
• Master of Business Administration, Nanyang Technological University

References[link]

• The Workers' Party of Singapore - Candidate Yee Jenn Jong

Chen Show Mao
Member of Parliament for Paya Lebar Division, Aljunied GRC
Incumbent
Assumed office 7 May 2011
Preceded by	Cynthia Phua
Personal details
Born	Taiwan
Nationality	Singaporean
Political party	Workers' Party of Singapore
Alma mater	Harvard University, Oxford University, Stanford University
Occupation	former partner of Davis Polk & Wardwell
Religion	Chinese folk religion[1]

Chen Show Mao (simplified Chinese: 陈硕茂; traditional Chinese: 陳碩茂; pinyin: Chén Shuòmào; born 6 February 1961) is a Singaporean politician and lawyer. He is a member of the opposition Workers' Party, and has been a Member of Parliament for the Aljunied Group Representation Constituency since 7 May 2011. He represents the Paya Lebar ward, replacing PAP's Cynthia Phua.^[2]

Personal profile[link]

Chen was born in Taiwan and moved to Singapore at the age of 11. He studied at Nanyang Primary School, Catholic High School and the Anglo-Chinese School.^[3] Chen was the president of the students' council at National Junior College and graduated as the top student in Singapore for the 1979 "A" level examinations,^[4] scoring straight As in Biology, Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics B, as well as A1s for General Paper and Chinese.

Although Chen had yet to become a Singapore Citizen, he chose to serve National Service. During National Service, Chen served as an infantry platoon commander at the Fifth Singapore Infantry Regiment (5SIR) and as Brigade Adjutant, or DYS1, at the headquarters of the Third Singapore Infantry Brigade (3SIB).^[5] He took up citizenship in 1986, six years after serving National Service.^[6]

Despite graduating as the top student for the 1979 "A" level examinations, Chen did not gain admission into the local medical school.^[7] Thereupon, he pursued his undergraduate studies with major in Economics at Harvard University. Chen graduated from Harvard University in 1986 and from Corpus Christi College, Oxford University in 1988, where he was a Rhodes Scholar.^[8] In 1992 Chen received his Juris Doctor from Stanford Law School and in 2005 received his M.A. from Corpus Christi College, Oxford University.^[9]

Legal career[link]

Chen is a partner in the Corporate department of Davis Polk & Wardwell and a managing partner of the Beijing office. An experienced lawyer, he has practiced in the New York office since 1992, the Hong Kong office since 1999 and the Beijing office since 2007.

Chen advised the Agricultural Bank of China on its recent US$22 billion initial public offering (IPO), which was the second largest IPO in history.^{[citation needed]} He also advised the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) on its US$21 billion IPO, as well as China National Offshore Oil Company (CNOOC) on its proposed US$19 billion acquisition of Unocal. Chen also completed the global IPOs of Air China, China Construction Bank, China Unicom, Metallurgical Corp. of China, Sinopec, as well as offerings by the Ministry of Finance of the People’s Republic of China (PRC).^{[citation needed]}

Besides China, Chen has completed international securities offerings and M&A transactions by various companies including Acer, ASE, Asus, AU Optronics, BHP, Foxconn, Freeport-McMoran, HTC, TSMC and UMC. He also worked with financial institutions such as JP Morgan Chase and Morgan Stanley, and the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Republic of China (ROC).^{[citation needed]}

Beyond that, Chen has worked with sovereign wealth funds such as The China Investment Corporation (CIC), the Development Fund of the ROC and also advised the Shanghai, Hong Kong and Taiwan Stock Exchanges on proposed regulations. Chen was named one of American Lawyer’s 2010 "Dealmakers of the Year" in April 2011.^[10]

On 1 July 2011, Chen announced on his Facebook page that he had retired from active practice as partner of his law firm given his new responsibilities as an MP. The decision was made so that he can spend more time with his family, to better serve his constituency and country, and that he would be exploring alternative work arrangements.^[11]

Political career[link]

During his time abroad, Chen regularly returned home to Singapore to visit his parents, his sister and her family.^[12] In 2007, he visited the headquarters of the Workers’ Party of Singapore, and found, over a period of time, a meeting of minds on their shared goals for Singapore's future. Subsequently, he became a member of the Workers’ Party of Singapore.^[6] Upon his entry into Singapore politics, he was referred to as the Workers' Party "star catch" by the local press. This was mainly because Singapore's opposition parties had previously struggled to recruit top-calibre candidates with profiles comparable to Chen.

Chen stated that he joined the Workers' Party because he believed that "the best way to ensure good governance for Singapore is through the growth of a competitive opposition that offers a credible alternative to the party in government".^[13] During an interview, Chen frankly explained why he decided to join the Workers' Party of Singapore^[14]

On 27 April 2011, Chen submitted his candidacy for the five-member Aljunied Group Representation Constituency with the Workers' Party of Singapore Secretary-General Low Thia Khiang, Chairman Sylvia Lim, Pritam Singh, a postgraduate law student, and Muhamad Faisal Abdul Manap, a freelance counsellor. The incumbent team included two cabinet ministers and one Senior Minister of State, and was helmed by the prominent Minister for Foreign Affairs, George Yeo.^[15]

During the intense nine-day campaign period that followed, Chen was singled out by leaders of the ruling People's Action Party (PAP) for criticism. The PAP's Organising Secretary and Minister for Education, Dr Ng Eng Hen, questioned Chen's motives for entering politics in a letter to The Straits Times. Ng also questioned whether Chen would be able to relate to the aspirations of Singaporeans after having spent most of his career in the United States and China.^[16] The PAP's co-founder and former Singapore Prime Minister Lee Kuan Yew also suggested that Chen could return to China after losing in the election.

Throughout the campaign, Chen kept a low profile when the WP was faced with tough questions, instead allowing frontman Low Thia Khiang to take the heat. He displayed his affinity with regular Singaporean culture and Singaporeans by addressing crowds at rallies with smatterings of Malay and Hokkien to dispel the notion that he was a "foreigner", as he had spent many years abroad. He also highlighted at a Workers' Party rally that he came to Singapore at a young age with his parents and sister, that he served National Service, and that he owns an apartment in Bishan and frequently commutes by MRT train.

On 7 May 2011, Chen and his Workers' Party team won the Aljunied GRC with 54.71% of the total votes cast, with Yeo's PAP team obtaining 45.29% of the votes. The victory was considered historic because it was the first time that a GRC seat had been captured by an opposition party, and the first time that two cabinet ministers had lost their seats in a general election. Chen became the first foreign-born opposition MP in the history of Singapore, while his teammates Sylvia Lim and Muhamad Faisal Manap became the first female opposition MP and the first Malay opposition MP.^[17] Also, together with Pritam Singh and Muhamad Faisal bin Abdul Manap, he became one of the first three opposition MPs to be elected into parliament at the first attempt.

Committee of Selection[link]

On 15 October 2011, it was announced that Chen was nominated to sit on the Committee of Selection, making him the first non-People's Action Party MP to be named to this committee.^[18]

Current posts[link]

• Member, Committee of Selection
• Council Member, Workers' Party of Singapore
• Advisor, Aljunied Constituency Committee (AJCC)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Profile at Workers' Party of Singapore website

Offices[link]

Ritchie Humphreys

Personal information
Full name	Richard John Humphreys[1]
Date of birth	(1977-11-30) 30 November 1977 (age 34)[1]
Place of birth	Sheffield, England
Height	5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)
Playing position	Left back / Left winger / Striker
Club information
Current club	Hartlepool United
Number	3
Youth career
	Sheffield United
1995–1996	Sheffield Wednesday
Senior career*
Years	Team	Apps†	(Gls)†
1996–2001	Sheffield Wednesday	67	(8)
1999	→ Scunthorpe United (loan)	6	(2)
1999–2000	→ Cardiff City (loan)	9	(2)
2001	Cambridge United	7	(3)
2001–	Hartlepool United	457	(33)
2006	→ Port Vale (loan)	7	(0)
National team
1997	England U20	2	(0)
1997	England U21	3	(0)
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 10:51, 7 May 2012 (UTC). † Appearances (Goals).

Richard John "Ritchie" Humphreys (born 30 November 1977) is an English footballer who plays for Hartlepool United, where he is the club's record appearance holder.

Humphreys started his career with Sheffield Wednesday in 1996. Whilst with the club, he was loaned out to Scunthorpe United and Cardiff City. He left the club in 2001 and joined Cambridge United for a short period, after which he joined current club Hartlepool United. He joined Port Vale on loan in 2006.

Childhood and early career[link]

Humphreys was introduced to football from an early age, his grandfather, Ernest Humphreys, played for Millwall, Motherwell and St. Mirren. His dad, John Humphreys, also had trials with Sheffield United.^[2]

Humphreys grew up as a Sheffield United fan and joined their academy, which he described as a "dream come true". However, they released him when we he was 13.^[2]

Humphreys then played for the Sheffield Boys and was one of their few players who did not play for a professional club. However, that soon changed when Humphreys was scouted by a Sheffield Wednesday scout and he joined their centre of excellence.^[2]

Sheffield Wednesday[link]

In 1995, after leaving Newfield Secondary School, Humphreys became part of Sheffield Wednesday’s youth squad. For the youth squad Humphreys played as a left winger and was offered a professional contract.^[2] Due to the injuries of strikers David Hirst and Mark Bright, Wednesday manager David Pleat gave Humphreys the opportunity to go on Wednesday’s pre-season tour of the Netherlands.^[2]

Humphreys played the first game and scored twice. He then played in the second game against FC Utrecht and scored again. Johan Cruyff was the guest of honour for that game and he praised Humphreys and said he was the next Marco van Basten. It was during this pre season tour that he was taken under the wing and guidance of Wednesday legend Chris Waddle. After scoring 4 goals in his first 5 premier league games lifting Wednesday to the top of the league, David Pleat decided to release his mentor Waddle. Humphreys did not score another league goal all season (only notching a hat-trick in a League Cup game against Grimsby Town in a 7–1 win).^[2][3] Humphreys pre-season form earned him a full league debut in Wednesday’s opening match against Aston Villa. In this match Humphreys scored a goal that was recorded at 95.9mph, one of the hardest-hit goals in the history of football.^[4] Humphreys also scored in the following match against Leeds United. Two games later, Humphreys scored a much talked about goal when he went on a 50 yard run and scored a spectacular chipped goal against Leicester City .^[5][6] Humphreys was seen as the driving force behind Sheffield Wednesday's shock early lead at the top of The Premiership.^[7]

His form linked him to a £4 million transfer to Leeds United.^[5] However Humphreys remained at Sheffield Wednesday and played 34 games for them in the 1996–97 season. His performances earned him a place in the England team for the 1997 FIFA U-20 World Cup in Malaysia.^[8] Humphreys wore the much coveted number 9 shirt for that tournament.

For the next two seasons, after Sheffield Wednesday signed an influx of foreign players such as Paolo Di Canio and Benito Carbone, Humphreys failed to hold down a regular place and he only played a total of 31 games in those two seasons.^[9][10][11] Humphreys was then sent on loan to Cardiff where he played 11 matches, scoring twice.^[5][12] He was then sent on loan to Scunthorpe United in August 1999,^[1] where he played six matches and again scored twice.^[13] After a brief return to the Wednesday side for the 2000–01 season, Humphreys decided to leave Wednesday in order to play more first team football was allowed to join Cambridge United on trial.^[14] Humphreys impressed on trial scoring 3 goals in 7 games and it looked likely that Cambridge manager Roy McFarland was going to offer him a contract. However, Humphreys' trial was cut abruptly after he broke his foot.^[15] After the sacking of Roy McFarland, new Cambridge manager John Beck was reluctant to offer Humphreys a new contract until he had seen him play.^[16]

Hartlepool United[link]

Hartlepool United manager Chris Turner then offered Humphreys the chance to train with the club. Shortly after Humphreys signed a new contract with the club, much to the dismay of Cambridge fans who wanted him to stay and described him as "a big loss".^[17] Humphreys started the 2001–02 season partnering Kevin Henderson up front for the first 9 league games. However after a bad run Humphreys was dropped and replaced by new signing Gordon Watson. However, Humphreys would force his way back into the team and replace Henderson to partner Watson instead, these two players were already familiar with each other from their days at Sheffield Wednesday.^[18] Despite not scoring many goals Hartlepool manager Chris Turner was pleased with his performances.^[19] Humphreys was then moved into central midfield due to the injury of Tommy Widdrington and after impressing played there for the remainder of the season.^[20] Humphreys' first season at the club would end in disappointment as he missed the decisive penalty in the play-off semi final defeat to Cheltenham Town, which cost Hartlepool a place in Division Two. The penalty struck the woodwork twice and stayed out.^[21] Humphreys' miss would send him to tears and he was photographed by Frank Reid, a photograph that would prove to be one of the most memorable images of Reid and Humphreys' career.^[22] After his miss Humphreys was devastated but he was cheered up by Chris Turner and the players who rang him and told him to keep his head up.^[2] Humphreys also received lots of letters of support from the Hartlepool fans.^[21]

When Humphreys returned to pre-season training for the following season, he was playfully teased over his penalty miss.^[23] Humphreys took the motto "that anything that doesn’t kill you, makes you stronger" and was determined to come back stronger. Humphreys started the 2002–03 season with a goal against Carlisle on the opening day of the season.^[24] Throughout the course of the season, Humphreys would be played prominently as a left winger. Humphreys finished the season as an ever present in the Hartlepool squad, adding 11 goals to his name in the process and helped Hartlepool gain promotion to Division 2. His performances won him the Player of the Season award from the supporters.^[25][26] During this season it was revealed that Humphreys had been writing a diary, which he published and named it "From Tears to Cheers", in reference to his tears at Cheltenham.^[27]

The following two seasons once again saw Humphreys as an ever-present in the Hartlepool side under new manager Neale Cooper. In the 2003–04 season, Hartlepool once again made the play-offs, only to go out after conceding two last minute goals to Bristol City, a memory which Humphreys described as more painful than Cheltenham.^[28] Due to the injuries of Michael Barron, Humphreys began regularly captaining the side.^[29]

In the 2004–05 season, Humphreys helped Hartlepool once again make the play-offs. During the play-off semi-final against Tranmere, Humphreys had the task of taking a penalty for Hartlepool in sudden death. This was the first time Humphreys had taken a penalty since his crucial miss at Cheltenham. This time he scored and sent Hartlepool through to the play-off final against his old club Sheffield Wednesday.^[30] This helped to erase the memories of Cheltenham.^[25] However, Hartlepool lost the play-off final to Sheffield Wednesday. Humphreys believes that of all the play-off defeats he has suffered that the controversial loss to Wednesday was the hardest to take.^[31] Before the end of the season Humphreys extended his contract by a further two years.^[30]

The following season, 2005–06, saw Humphreys become the first player to make 200 consecutive league appearances for Hartlepool.^[32] For this season Humphreys' moved to left back due to Hugh Robertson being injured. Unfortunately Hartlepool and Humphreys suffered relegation. Despite this Humphreys was named the Supporters and Players' Player of the Season as well as the North East Football Awards Football League Player of the Season.^[33]

For the 2006–07 season, Danny Wilson was appointed the new manager, Wilson had previously managed Humphreys at Sheffield Wednesday. On 22 August 2006, Humphreys was dropped for Hartlepool’s match against Hereford United. After making 230 consecutive appearances, this was the first time Humphreys had not played since October 2001. Shortly after that match, Humphreys joined Port Vale on a month's loan.^[34] This was the third time that Danny Wilson had loaned Humphreys out during his career, the only times Humphreys had ever been loaned out. Port Vale tried to extend Humphreys' loan deal by at least another month,^[35] but Hartlepool refused and Humphreys returned. Humphreys later stated that he had no intentions of leaving Hartlepool.^[36]

After a bad start to the season, Hartlepool were struggling near the lower reaches of the table. However, this changed against Accrington Stanley when Humphreys scored a spectacular last minute winner.^[37] This sent Hartlepool on 23 match unbeaten streak. During that streak, Humphreys scored another spectacular goal against Walsall to give Hartlepool the lead in a victory that sent them into second place.^[38] Hartlepool would remain in the top two for the remainder of the season and secured promotion, narrowly missing out on the title. Humphreys performances earned him a place in the League Two PFA Team of the Year.^[39] Humphreys was also awarded the Monkey Business Achievement Award for this contribution to the season,^[40] and had a street in Hartlepool named after him.^[41] However these awards proved small in comparison to when Humphreys was honoured by the Queen for making a "significant contribution to local and national life" earlier on in the season.^[42]

At the end of the 2007–08 season, Humphreys was voted Player of the Year, Player of the 2000s and Hartlepool United's Player of the Century. He continued to be a key player in 2008–09, making a total of 54 appearances. He was a key figure once again in the 2009–10 season, missing just nine games as a central midfielder. On 26 February 2011, Humphreys replaced Joe Gamble after 82 minutes to play his 473rd game for "Pools".^[43] This broke the record previously held by Watty Moore for over half a century.^[44] Over the course of the 2010–11 season he played 29 games. On 2 August 2011, Humphreys was given a testimonial game against Premier League Sunderland to mark his ten years at Hartlepool United.^[45] Sunderland won 3–1, though the 5,757 fans present at the Victoria Park were reported to be very vocal in their appreciation of the veteran player.^[45] On 7 January 2012, Humphreys replaced Luke James 90 minutes into a 2–0 win over Rochdale to make his 500th appearance for "Pools".^[46]

Statistics[link]

As of 7 May 2012.

Honours[link]

• Hartlepool United Fans' Player of the Year: 2003, 2006
• Hartlepool United Players' Player of the Year: 2006
• Hartlepool United Player of the Decade (for the 2000s)
• North East Coca-Cola League Player of the Year: 2006
• (Member of) PFA Team of the Season: 2003, 2007

With Hartlepool United

• Football League Third Division runners up: 2002/2003
• North East Team of the Year: 2002/2003.^[65]
• League Two (Formerly Division Three) Play-Off Semi Finalists: 1999/2000, 2000/2001, 2001/2002
• League One play-off Semi Finalists: 2003/2004
• League One Play-Off Finalists: 2004/2005
• League Two Runners Up: 2006/2007

References[link]

Bibliography[link]

From Tears to Cheers: Ritchie Humphreys' Hartlepool United Promotion Diary [1], Ritchie Humphreys, Cheers Promotions

External links[link]

• Ritchie Humphreys profile at the Hartlepool United website
• Ritchie Humphreys career stats at Soccerbase
• Ritchie Humphreys profile at In The Mad Crowd