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Zhanjiang 湛江 广州湾 · Kwangchouwan
—  Prefecture-level city  —
湛江市
Hu Guang Yan Lake
Nickname(s): Harbour City (港城)
Zhanjiang Location in China
Coordinates: 21°12′N 110°24′E / 21.2°N 110.4°E / 21.2; 110.4Coordinates: 21°12′N 110°24′E / 21.2°N 110.4°E / 21.2; 110.4
Country	People's Republic of China
Province	Guangdong
City seat	Chikan District
Government
• CPC Party Chief	Liu Xiaohua (刘小华)
• Mayor	Wang Zhongbing (王中丙)
Area
• Prefecture-level city	12,490 km2 (4,820 sq mi)
Population (2010 census)
• Prefecture-level city	6,993,304
• Density	560/km2 (1,500/sq mi)
• Urban	1,400,685
• Metro	1,400,685
Time zone	China Standard (UTC+8)
Postal code	524000
Area code(s)	759
Major Nationalities	Han
County-level divisions	9
License Plate Prefix	粤G
GDP	2010
- Total	CNY 140.28 billion
- per capita	CNY 20,048
Website	http://www.zhanjiang.gov.cn/

Zhanjiang (Chinese: 湛江), formerly known as Tsamkong, Tsankiang, Fort-Bayard, and Kwang-Chou-Wan, is a prefecture-level city at the southwestern end of Guangdong province of Southern China, facing the island of Hainan to the south.

Its population is 6,993,304 inhabitants at the 2010 census. 1,400,685 live in the built up area made of 4 urban districts (Chikan, Xiashan, Potou and Mazhang)

Administration[link]

Zhanjiang has direct juridiction over 9 county-level divisions:

Map	#	Name	Hanzi	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2003 est.)	Area (km²)	Density (/km²)
	City proper
	1	Chikan District	赤坎区	Chìkǎn Qū	220,000	79	2,785
	2	Xiashan District	霞山区	Xiáshān Qū	360,000	88	4,091
	Suburban
	3	Potou District	坡头区	Pōtóu Qū	380,000	424	896
	4	Mazhang District	麻章区	Mázhāng Qū	470,000	769	611
	Satellite cities
	5	Wuchuan City	吴川市	Wúchuān Shì	1,010,000	848	1,191
	6	Lianjiang City	廉江市	Liánjiāng Shì	1,510,000	2,835	533
	7	Leizhou City	雷州市	Léizhōu Shì	1,510,000	3,523	429
	Rural
	8	Suixi County	遂溪县	Suíxī Xiàn	990,000	2,144	462
	9	Xuwen County	徐闻县	Xúwén Xiàn	690,000	1954.37	382

Geography[link]

Zhanjiang is located to the southwest of the city of Guangzhou on an inlet of the South China Sea. It is located on the eastern coast of the Leizhou Peninsula. The dialect in downtown districts is Cantonese, while the people in most counties speak Hai'nan dialect (or Leizhou dialect as referred locally). The dialect in Lianjiang County is Hakka.

Climate[link]

History[link]

During the Qin Dynasty (221BC–206BC), the area of today's belonged to Xiang Shire and the central government of the Han Dynasty (206BC–220AD) set Xuwen County administering the whole Leizhou Peninsular. It was one of the earliest departure points on the Marine Silk Road. The population spiked during the Tang (618–907) and Song (960–1279) dynasties.

The region was still a small fishing port when it was occupied by the French in 1898. The next year, the French forced the Chinese to lease a small enclave of Zhanjiang to them for 99 years as the territory of Kwang-Chou-Wan. The French wanted to develop the port, which they called Fort-Bayard, to serve southern China, in parts of which France had exclusive rights to railway and mineral development. Their efforts, however, were hindered by the poverty of the surrounding land. The French retained control of the region until 1943, when the Japanese occupied the area during World War II. At the end of the war the region returned briefly under French rule before being formally returned to China in 1946 by general Charles de Gaulle, then French head of state.

Following the establishment of the People’s Republic in 1949, Zhanjiang developed new importance. In 1955 a rail link was built to Litang in Guangxi province, where it joined the Hunan-Guangxi Railway. Since then, Zhanjiang has developed into a major modern port serving southern China, usable by ships of up to 50,000 tons. In 1984 Zhanjiang was designated one of the “open” cities of China, where the central government invited foreign investment; this spurred the city’s further industrial development. It has shipyards and engineering works; automobile, electrical-appliance, and textile plants; and sugar refineries, flour and rice mills, and chemical works. In the early 1990s a new rail line was completed, linking Zhanjiang with Guangzhou, the provincial capital. The line was later extended to Hai’an, at the southernmost tip of Leizhou Peninsula, where trains could be transported by ferry across the Hainan Strait to Haikou.

Until the introduction of Pinyin spelling, it was often known in the west as "Tsamkong" due to the Cantonese pronunciation of the name.

Military[link]

Zhanjiang is headquarter of the South Sea Fleet of the People's Liberation Army Navy. It is also home base to two marine brigades.

Economy[link]

The most important resource of Zhanjiang City is the resource port. Zhanjiang Port has 241 kilometers long coastline, which is 4 times long of the world's first port--Rotterdam. Zhanjiang Port is one of the eight major ports in China, the annual throughput of more than 2,600 million tons. It was the first self-designed and domestically built modern deep water port of China.

It is a seaport and trade center with a diversified industrial base, including the shipyard, textile plants, and sugar refining.

Agriculture[link]

Zhanjiang agricultural performance in 2007 is the most prominent sugarcane production: in 2006 9,135,500 tons, 1,000 million tons in 2007. Akoya cultured pearls, pineapples, bananas, papayas, seafood, raised prawns, fish are native products.

Industry[link]

Industrial economy to make a breakthrough, a marked increase in the number of units. Zhanjiang in 2007 of all industrial output value of 112.134 billion yuan, up 17.1 percent, a growth rate of nearly 4-year high of 15.3 billion net increase over the previous year. In 2007 the city's industrial enterprises above designated size reached 714, 71 more than last year, industrial output value of over a hundred million of the 132 enterprises.

• Zhanjiang Economic and Technological Development Zone

The zone was founded in 1984. Its total planned area is 9.2 square kilometers. It is located in Zhanjiang. The zone has a very good location for transportation. It is very convenient to get to the airport, the national highway G325 as well as the port. The major industries in the zone including automobile assembly, biotechnology and computer software.^[2]

Business[link]

Zhanjiang in 2007 total retail sales of social consumer goods 38.216 billion yuan, an increase of 19.5%, the growth rate of nearly 12 years since a new high.

Port of Zhanjiang[link]

Port of Zhanjiang is located in the southernmost tip of mainland China's Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, the east port of the South China Sea, north of Hainan Island, the north west Bay. People's Republic of China after the establishment of their own design and construction of the first modern port, China and Southeast Asia, Australia, European countries bordering the Indian Ocean and the shortest journey between the port's foreign trade.

Tourism[link]

Zhanjiang, a well-known tourist attractions, "Zhanjiang Eight," as follows:

1. East Island
2. Huguangyan National Geopark
3. View of the sea promenade
4. Park Jin-inch
5. Lighthouse
6. South Asia Subtropical Botanical Garden
7. South Isles
8. Zhanjiang Port

Major theme attractions[link]

French architectural monuments[link]

• French minister to the Department of the Guangzhou Bay
• France, the Police Department, Guangzhou Bay
• Victor Catholic Church
• Calyon site
• Guangzhou Bay Chamber of Commerce Center

International relations[link]

Twin towns — Sister cities[link]

Zhanjiang is twinned with:

• Serpukhov (Russia)
• Marikina (Philippines)
• Cairns (Australia)

See also[link]

• Kwang-Chou-Wan

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Zhanjiang

• Official website of Zhanjiang Government

John C. Liu 劉醇逸
Liu at the 2009 West Indian Day Parade.
New York City Comptroller
Incumbent
Assumed office January 1, 2010
Mayor	Michael Bloomberg
Preceded by	Bill Thompson
Member of the New York City Council from the 20th District
In office January 2002 – January 2010
Preceded by	Julia Harrison
Succeeded by	Peter Koo
Constituency	Queens: Flushing, Queensboro Hill, Mitchell Gardens, Kissena Park, Harding Heights, Auburndale; part of Whitestone
Personal details
Born	(1967-01-08) January 8, 1967 (age 45) Taiwan
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	Jenny Liu
Children	Joey
Residence	Flushing, New York, United States
Alma mater	Binghamton University
Profession	Politician
Website	Office of the Comptroller

John Chun Liu (born January 8, 1967 in Taiwan) is a New York City elected official, currently serving as New York City Comptroller and running for the 2013 mayoral race. Liu previously served on the New York City Council representing District 20. He was elected to the City Council in 2001 to represent northeast Queens, and was re-elected in 2003 and 2005.

Liu entered the New York City Comptroller election in 2009 and won the race on November 3, 2009, becoming the first Asian American to be elected to a city-wide office in New York City.^[1][2] He was succeeded in the City Council by pharmacist Republican Peter Koo. Koo, along with Democrat Margaret Chin, a Council member from Manhattan, comprise the Asian-American delegation of the Council.^[3]

Liu's campaign fundraising practices are under investigation for violations of campaign finance law and possible use of foreign funds.^[4] Two individuals tied to the Liu campaign have been arrested on charges of wire fraud and obstruction of justice.^[5]

Biography[link]

At the age of five, he moved with his family to the United States from Taiwan. Chang F. Liu, his father, was a Master of Business Administration student and bank teller who worked 12 hour days.^[6] In honor of John F. Kennedy, Liu's father changed his sons' names to John, Robert, and Edward, and his own name to Joseph. Although both his parents spoke Chinese, Liu cannot speak it himself.^[7]

He attended PS 20 in Queens and the Bronx High School of Science to 1985,^[8][9] doing community organizing and volunteer work in his spare time.^[6]

He attended Binghamton University where he majored in Mathematical Physics and graduated in 1988.^[8] He worked as a manager at PricewaterhouseCoopers and served as President of the North Flushing Civic Association before his election to the City Council.^[8][10]

Liu is married to Jenny Liu, an engineer, and has one son, Joey. He resides in Flushing, near where he grew up.

Political career[link]

Elected to the New York City Council in 2001 to represent District 20, the northeast Queens area (Flushing, Queensboro Hill, Mitchell Linden, Murray Hill, Holly, Kissena Park, Harding Heights, Auburndale, part of Whitestone), Liu is the first Asian American to be elected to the City Council.^[6] He served as the Chairperson of the New York City Council's Transportation Committee and also served on the committees on Education, Consumer Affairs, Health, Land Use, Contracts, Oversight & Investigations and Lower Manhattan Redevelopment.^[11]

In March 2009, Liu announced that he was running for the post of New York City Comptroller.^[12] Liu has raised $3 million for his political run, more than his competitors. ^[13]

Beginning in May, Liu picked up several endorsements. The Village Independent Democrats,^[14] The Queens County Democratic organization,^[15] the local Americans for Democratic Action chapter^[16] and the Working Families Party,^[17] 1199 SEIU union local and the Uniformed Firefighters Association endorsed him.^[18] On September 1, the United Federation of Teachers endorsed Liu.

In the September 15 Democratic primary, Liu was the front-runner, ending up with 133,986 votes, or 38 percent of the vote. Because he did not manage to reach 40 of the vote, a run-off election was required between Liu and runner-up David Yassky, who received 30 percent of the vote in the primary.^[19] Two weeks later, Liu won the run-off by taking 55.6% of the vote against Yassky.^[20][21]

In the general election on November 3, Liu won the comptroller election with 76% of the vote, a total of 696,330 votes. Republican candidate Joseph Mendola came in second with 19.3% of the vote. After he was officially sworn in to the post, Liu became the first Asian American to hold a city-wide political office in New York City.^[1][2]

Asian Political Leadership Fund[link]

Liu is one of the leaders of the Asian Political Leadership Fund, a federally-designated 527 fund whose purpose is to promote political leadership from within the Asian American community.^[22]

Controversy[link]

Fundraising irregularities[link]

Investigations into the fundraising practices of Liu's election campaigns found numerous irregularities, including the use of straw donors and undisclosed bundling.^[23] A New York Times article in October 2011 documented several inconsistencies: after canvassing 100 households that were listed as having donated to the campaign, 24 irregularities were found, including donations from individuals who claimed they never donated, whose employers donated in their names, and several purported donors who did not appear to exist and could not be found.^[23] Campaign finance laws stipulate that each individual donor must fill out donor cards themselves, and that individuals who "bundle" donations must be disclosed. Liu's donor records, however, did not disclose the identity of bundlers, and included multiple instances where several donor cards were written by the same hand. Many of the irregularities in Liu's campaign were connected to the Chinese business community in Queens.^[23] In New York City, every dollar donated to a candidate is matched with $6 in taxpayer money.^[23]

Following publication of the New York Times article, the Federal Bureau of Investigation began investigating the irregularities in Liu's campaign.^[24] In November 17, 2011, one of Liu's fundraisers, 46-year-old Oliver Pan (潘心武, Pān Xīnwǔ), was arrested on charges of wire fraud from illegal donations.^[25][26] Pan was approached by an undercover FBI agent posing as someone who wanted to donate US$16,000 to Liu, which was over the city donation limit was only $4,950 for individual contributions.^[25] Pan then arranged for 20 fictitious donors to make donations to Liu's campaign with the money provided by the undercover FBI agent.^[26]

Initially in the first half of 2011 Liu has already received more than $1 million from fund raising contributions to his mayor run for supposedly 2013.^[25][27]

In light of the allegations of campaign finance fraud, Liu hired former state attorney general Robert Abrams to conduct a review of his campaign finances. However, in November 2011, Liu asked Abrams to suspend his inquiry in light of the ongoing FBI investigations. Abrams resigned on November 17.^[28]

In February 2012, a treasurer with the Liu campaign was arrested. 25-year-old Jenny (Jia) Hou was charged with using straw donors to circumvent campaign finance laws and gain more matching funds from taxpayers.^[29]

Foreign fundraising issue[link]

In late 2009, Manhattan federal prosecutors launched an investigation into the possibility that foreign money had flowed illegally into Liu's campaign for comptroller.^[4][28]

Pan is the president of a company called "Golden Arrow Property" (金箭房地產有限責公司).^[28] Oliver Pan's office is in 35 East Broadway, New York room 506 handles finance, banking, insurance and real estate.^[27] He also has an office in Mendham New Jersey.^[30] Some people in the Chinese community believe Liu is being framed.^[27] Pan's funding activities extended beyond Liu, as he was listed as a fundraiser for Hillary Clinton during the 2008 presidential campaign.^[30] Ru Mei-hua (盧美華 Lú Měihuá), director of planning for John Liu, helped him rise from a councilman 10 years ago to a major political force mainly connecting Liu to a network of Asian American businessmen in NY.^[31] She has been considered a key to understanding the fund raising details from donors, but denied requests to be interviewed.^[31]

See also[link]

• Government of New York City

References[link]

v t e New York City Comptrollers since the 1898 Consolidation Coler Grout Metz Pendergast Craig Berry McAneny Cunningham McGoldrick Taylor McGoldrick Joseph Gerosa Beame Procaccino Beame Goldin Holtzman Hevesi Thompson Liu

External links[link]

• Oliver Pan conspiracy to commit wire fraud complaints
• Animation on Donation controversy

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: John Liu

• Official New York City Comptroller Website
• Asian Political Leadership Fund