Kttv

Wednesday, 17 October 2012

KTTV Ads Los Angeles Dec 31 1990 Movie end.mkv

KTTV - Television Tape - Early TV effects demo

KTTV Los Angeles Greed (Game show) Feb 2000

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Australia
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Australia
Brooklyn, New York
http://wn.com/Brooklyn_New_York
California
California (pronounced ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third-largest by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California is also the most populous sub-national entity in North America. It's on the U.S. West Coast, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and by the states of Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, Baja California, Mexico, to the south. Its 5 largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Long Beach, with Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose each having at least 1 million residents. Like many populous states, California's capital, Sacramento is smaller than the state's largest city, Los Angeles. The state is home to the nation's 2nd- and 6th-largest census statistical areas and 8 of the nation's 50 most populous cities. California has a varied climate and geography and a multi-cultural population.
http://wn.com/California
Chicago
Chicago ( or ) is the largest city in the state of Illinois. With over 2.8 million residents, it is the most populous city in the Midwestern United States and the third most populous city in the country. Its metropolitan area, commonly named "Chicagoland," is the 26th most populous in the world, home to an estimated 9.7 million people spread across the U.S. states of Illinois, Wisconsin, and Indiana. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County.
http://wn.com/Chicago
Daggett, California
Daggett is an unincorporated town located in San Bernardino County, California in the United States. The town is located on Interstate 40 ten miles (16 km) East of Barstow. The town has a population of about 200. The ZIP code is 92327 and the community is inside area code 760.
http://wn.com/Daggett_California
El Paso, Texas
El Paso () is a city in and the county seat of El Paso County, Texas, United States, and lies in West Texas. According to the United States Census Bureau's 2009 population estimates, the city had a population of 620,447 (July 2009). It is the sixth-largest city in Texas and the 22nd-largest city in the United States. Its metropolitan area covers all of El Paso County. In 2009, the El Paso metropolitan area had a population of 751,296. El Paso's metropolitan population for 2010, is estimated at 763,186 according to the US Census.
http://wn.com/El_Paso_Texas
Hollywood
Hollywood is a neighborhood in Los Angeles, California - situated west-northwest of Downtown Los Angeles. Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center of movie studios and movie stars, the word "Hollywood" is often used as a metonym of American cinema, and is often interchangeably used to refer to the greater Los Angeles area in general. The nicknames StarStruck Town and Tinseltown refer to Hollywood and its movie industry. Today, much of the movie industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as the Westside neighborhood, but significant auxiliary industries, such as editing, effects, props, post-production, and lighting companies remain in Hollywood, as does the backlot of Paramount Pictures.
http://wn.com/Hollywood
Inyokern, California
Inyokern (formerly, Siding 16 and Magnolia) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kern County, California, United States. Inyokern is located west of Ridgecrest, at an elevation of 2434 feet (742 m). Located in the Indian Wells Valley. The population was 984 at the 2000 census. It was a railroad town established along the Southern Pacific railroad Lone Pine Branch (now removed). It is served by Inyokern Airport.
http://wn.com/Inyokern_California
KDFW
KDFW, virtual channel 4 (digital channel 35), is the Fox owned-and-operated television station in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex designated market area.
http://wn.com/KDFW
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; , Spanish for "The Angels") is the second most populous city in the United States, the most populous city in the state of California and the western United States, with a population of 3.83 million within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Los Angeles extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of over 14.8 million and it is the 14th largest urban area in the world, affording it megacity status. The metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is home to nearly 12.9 million residents while the broader Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside combined statistical area (CSA) contains nearly 17.8 million people. Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most multicultural counties in the United States. The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos" ().
http://wn.com/Los_Angeles
Metromedia Square
Metromedia Square (also known as Fox Television Center from 1986 to 1996) was a radio and television studio facility located at 5746 Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California, on the southeastern corner of Sunset and Van Ness Avenue. For decades it was recognizable by the white, ladder-like snake on the building's roof. This work of art was called "Starsteps" and was dismantled when ownership of the building changed hands in 2000.
http://wn.com/Metromedia_Square
Sunset Boulevard
Sunset Boulevard is a street in the western part of Los Angeles County, California, that stretches from Figueroa Street in downtown Los Angeles to the Pacific Coast Highway at the Pacific Ocean in the Pacific Palisades. The street is an icon of Hollywood celebrity culture and the phrase "Sunset Boulevard" is an enduring shorthand for the glamor associated with Tinseltown.
http://wn.com/Sunset_Boulevard
The Cairns Post
The Cairns Post is a major News Corporation newspaper in Far North Queensland that exclusively serves the Cairns area. It has daily coverage on local, state, national and world news, plus a wide range of sections and liftouts covering health, beauty, cars and lifestyle.
http://wn.com/The_Cairns_Post
West Los Angeles
http://wn.com/West_Los_Angeles

Al Naipo
Al Naipo has been a general assignment reporter for KTTV Fox 11 in Los Angeles since 1993. He now serves as the station's Orange County Bureau Chief. He has won several local area Emmy awards for his work in broadcasting. Prior to KTTV, he worked as an anchor and reporter from 1992-93 at KMOV-TV, the CBS affiliate in St. Louis. He was a reporter/anchor at the Fox affiliate WSVN-TV in Miami from 1990-91. Naipo was a reporter at KSDK-TV, the NBC station in St. Louis from 1985-90. He also worked as a reporter at the NBC affiliate WEEK-TV (1983-85) in Peoria, IL and at WTOL, where he was the Washington, DC-based correspondent for the CBS station in Toledo, Ohio. Naipo started his career in 1982 as news director, producer and anchor at KSCR-AM, the University of Southern California radio station. He was a news/sports writer for "The Daily Trojan", the school newspaper, from 1979-81. He graduated from USC with a B.A. in broadcast journalism and political science he also has an M.S. in journalism from Northwestern University.
http://wn.com/Al_Naipo
Andrew Knight
Andrew Stephen Bower Knight (born 1 November 1939 in England) is a journalist, editor, and director of News Corporation.
http://wn.com/Andrew_Knight
Antonio Mora
Antonio Mora (born December 14, 1957; Havana, Cuba) has been a news anchor at WFOR-TV in Miami since 2008. Before that, he served as an anchor at WBBM-TV in Chicago from 2002 to mid-January 2008. Prior to joining WBBM, he worked at ABC, where he was the news anchor for Good Morning America. He was the original anchor for Good Day L.A. on KTTV in Los Angeles. Mora was an original co-anchor on NBC News Nightside, a former overnight news program.
http://wn.com/Antonio_Mora
Arthur Siskind
Arthur Siskind (born 11 October 1938) is a lawyer and businessperson. He has been an executive director of the News Corporation since 1991. He served as their group general counsel from March 1991 until December 2004. He was succeeded by Lawrence Jacobs. In January 2005, he became the senior advisor to the chairman.
http://wn.com/Arthur_Siskind
Barbara Graham
Barbara Graham (June 26, 1923 – June 3, 1955) was an American criminal and convicted murderess. She was executed in the gas chamber on the same day as two convicted accomplices, Jack Santo and Emmett Perkins. Nicknamed "Bloody Babs" by the press, Graham was the third woman in California to die by gas.
http://wn.com/Barbara_Graham
Carlos Amezcua
Carlos Amezcua is the co-anchor of the KTTV FOX 11. newscast. Amezcua joined KTTV in September 2007.
http://wn.com/Carlos_Amezcua
Chase Carey
__NOTOC__
http://wn.com/Chase_Carey
Christina Gonzalez
Christina Gonzalez is a news reporter currently a reporter for FOX 11 (KTTV). She has been with FOX 11 since 1990.
http://wn.com/Christina_Gonzalez
Christine Devine
http://wn.com/Christine_Devine
Courtney Friel
Courtney Friel (born April 22, 1980) is an American entertainment reporter for the Fox News Channel. Currently, she contributes to a number of different entertainment related programs for the network's website, FoxNews.com. Friel is a frequent guest contributor on the Fox News late-night satire show Red Eye w/ Greg Gutfeld. Friel is married to Carter Evans who is a national business correspondent for CNN Newsource. On August 8, 2010 Courtney announced on her [http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?pid=4586274&id;=106268398397 Facebook] page that she was pregnant, "... I'm 4 1/2 months PREGGO with a baby BOY! Due late December..." she wrote.
http://wn.com/Courtney_Friel
David DeVoe
Dave DeVoe (born 1947) has been a Director and Chief Financial Officer of News Corporation since 1990.
http://wn.com/David_DeVoe
Dorothy Lucey
Dorothy Lucey (born November 19, 1958) is an American entertainment reporter who currently can be seen on Good Day L.A., the morning news broadcast of Los Angeles Fox affiliate KTTV.
http://wn.com/Dorothy_Lucey
FX (Greece)
FX Greece is a television network, launched by the Fox Broadcasting Company, which launched on 1 March 2010 and is currently available to the subscribers of Conn-x TV and NOVA Greece. The channel has a huge success in Greece
http://wn.com/FX_(Greece)
Gigi Graciette
http://wn.com/Gigi_Graciette
Gina Silva
Gina Silva is a Los Angeles-based newscaster who works for KTTV Fox News and KCOP. She anchors the Fox Sunday Morning News with Rob Weller. During the week, Gina works on special projects (Investigative/Consumer) reporting. She also fills in for the morning and evening anchors on both KTTV and KCOP. In addition to anchoring the news, Miss Silva often does weather and entertainment reports for the show Good Day L.A. From 2001 through 2003 Gina co-anchored the KCOP weekend news with Kent Ninomiya. Prior to working at KTTV, Gina was a national correspondent for the entertainment program Extra (television show) from 1997 to 2000.
http://wn.com/Gina_Silva
I Love Lucy
I Love Lucy is an American television sitcom, starring Lucille Ball, Desi Arnaz, Vivian Vance and William Frawley. The black-and-white series originally ran from October 15, 1951 to May 6, 1957 on CBS. When the original series ended, the show continued on for three more seasons with 13 one-hour specials, running from 1957 to 1960, known first as The Lucille Ball-Desi Arnaz Show and later in reruns as The Lucy-Desi Comedy Hour.
http://wn.com/I_Love_Lucy
Jean Martirez
Jean Martirez (born on January 19, 1963 in Chicago, Illinois) is a Filipino-American newscaster who co-anchors the KTTV FOX 11 Morning News, FOX 11 News at 10 A.M. and FOX 11 News at Noon along with Tony McEwing.
http://wn.com/Jean_Martirez
John L. Thornton
John Lawson Thornton (b.1954) is Professor and Director of Global Leadership at Tsinghua University in Beijing. He is a former President and Co-COO of Goldman Sachs. In 1983, Thornton founded and developed Goldman Sachs' European mergers and acquisitions business. He served as co-CEO of Goldman Sachs International in London from 1995 to 1996. Thornton was Chairman of Goldman Sachs Asia from 1996 to 1998, where he expanded the firm's regional franchise during the Asian financial crisis. Thornton is a director of Intel, Pacific Century Group, Ford Motor Company, China Netcom, HSBC Holdings,and News Corporation. He is also Chairman of the Board of The Brookings Institution.
http://wn.com/John_L_Thornton
José María Aznar
http://wn.com/José_María_Aznar
Lachlan Murdoch
Lachlan Keith Murdoch (born 8 September 1971) is the eldest son of Australian-American media mogul Rupert Murdoch and his former wife Anna Torv. He resigned from his executive positions at News Corporation on 29 July 2005.
http://wn.com/Lachlan_Murdoch
Lauren Sanchez
http://wn.com/Lauren_Sanchez
Lisa Breckenridge
Lisa Breckenridge is a weekday morning television personality on KTTV Channel 11 based in Los Angeles. She is the entertainment and lifestyle correspondent for FOX 11 Morning News from 5 am to 7 am, FOX 11 News at 10 A.M. and FOX 11 News at Noon, but will usually fill in for regular anchors when needed. She will occasionally co-anchor for Good Day L.A. In addition, she has her own segment called ''Lisa's L.A.''
http://wn.com/Lisa_Breckenridge
Lisa Joyner
Lisa Marie Joyner (born December 31, 1966) is an entertainment reporter and television host.
http://wn.com/Lisa_Joyner
Maria Quiban
Maria Quiban (born Maria T. Aviso) is a weather anchor for KTTV-TV in Los Angeles, California. She studied journalism at the University of Hawaii.
http://wn.com/Maria_Quiban
Mark Thompson (TV)
Mark Thompson is a two-time Emmy award winner for writing, hosting and producing specials for the Fox Television stations.
http://wn.com/Mark_Thompson_(TV)
Natalie Bancroft
Natalie Bancroft (b. circa 1980) is a member of the board of directors of News Corporation and a member of the Bancroft family, which controlled the Dow Jones media empire for decades. She was appointed to the board of News Corporation at the age of 27, following News Corporation's acquisition of Dow Jones. She is also a professionally trained opera singer.
http://wn.com/Natalie_Bancroft
Pat Harvey
Pat Harvey is an award winning broadcast journalist. She joined former Walt Disney owned and operated KCAL 9 in Los Angeles in 1989. Joining Jerry Dunphy on the anchor desk, she was the last original KCAL 9 News anchor left. In April 2010, Harvey begin co-anchoring for KCAL sister station KCBS news at 5 & 11PM. She is the longest-running anchor in prime time at one station in Los Angeles. For her 20th anniversary, the city of Los Angeles and L.A. County Board of Supervisors declared Oct. 30, 2009, Pat Harvey Day, by proclamation.
http://wn.com/Pat_Harvey
Robin Sax
Robin Ann Sax is an author, legal analyst, victim advocate, radio host, and a former prosecutor for the State of California, County of Los Angeles and Riverside County District Attorney's Office.
http://wn.com/Robin_Sax
Rod Eddington
Sir Roderick Ian Eddington (born 2 January 1950, Perth, Western Australia) is an Australian businessman. He is currently chair of the government body Infrastructure Australia, a director of News Corporation, continuing his long association with that company, and has served in other senior positions including as former CEO of British Airways.
http://wn.com/Rod_Eddington
Rod Paige
Roderick Raynor "Rod" Paige (born June 17, 1933), served as the 7th United States Secretary of Education from 2001 to 2005. Paige, who grew up in Mississippi, built a career on a belief that education equalizes opportunity, moving from college dean and school superintendent to be the first African American to serve as the nation's education chief. As an expert on educational reform it is interesting to note that he has never actually been a classroom teacher.
http://wn.com/Rod_Paige
Rupert Murdoch
Keith Rupert Murdoch, AC, KSG (; born 11 March 1931) is an Australian-American media magnate and the founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of .
http://wn.com/Rupert_Murdoch
The Times
The Times is a daily national newspaper published in the United Kingdom since 1785, when it was known as The Daily Universal Register.
http://wn.com/The_Times
Tom Perkins
Thomas James Perkins (born 1932) is an American businessman, capitalist, and was one of the founders of leading venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers.
http://wn.com/Tom_Perkins
Viet D. Dinh
Viet D. Dinh (; born February 22, 1968) is a lawyer and a conservative legal scholar who served as an Assistant Attorney General of the United States from 2001 to 2003, under the presidency of George W. Bush. Born in Saigon, in the former South Vietnam, he was the chief architect of the USA PATRIOT Act.
http://wn.com/Viet_D_Dinh

KTTV Los Angeles News 1988

With Commercials and Newscast open...

published: 16 Jul 2009

Author: wksufreshair

KTTV Ads Los Angeles Dec 31 1990 Movie end.mkv

Music Plus McDonalds Mermaids Dances with Wolfs Legal Rights Defenders Circuit City Payles...

published: 07 Jan 2012

Author: wksufreshair

KTTV - Television Tape - Early TV effects demo

1961 demonstration of video based effects by Los Angles based KTTV. Called "Televisio...

published: 09 Dec 2006

Author: dante314159

KTTV 2001 News Open

published: 13 Sep 2006

Author: Greg Dina

George Putnam Obit - KTTV Fox 11

LA Broadcaster George Putnam passed away in summer of 2008....

published: 16 Nov 2008

Author: VideoRewind

1986 KTTV FOX 11 Station ID

Just like in Boston, Chicago, and NYC. Here's LA's KTTV golden 11 logo starting wi...

published: 13 Aug 2011

Author: Eddie Perez

KTTV Sign-On 1984

This is from the year 1984 and starts off with a commercial for the Gardena Poker and Pan ...

published: 11 Jul 2007

Author: TerryT1976

KTTV Los Angeles Greed (Game show) Feb 2000

Open with commercials Video quality not as good as I normally post...

published: 27 Nov 2009

Author: wksufreshair

KTTV GOOD DAY LA OPEN 2008

2008 KTTV FOX 11 LOS ANGLES OPEN FOR GOOD DAY....

published: 18 Feb 2008

Author: GillSB8109

Fox Report

LA City Councilwoman Janice Hahn used taxpayer money to hire hard-core gang members as gan...

published: 13 Jun 2011

Author: RightTurnUSA

1992 KTTV Andy Griffith Show Closing

Closing to "The Andy Griffith Show" with Voiceover and (Gasp!!) The V of Doom!!!...

published: 10 Dec 2011

Author: Eddie Perez

Surf Air on KTTV-LA Fox News

Liz Habib and Hiedi Cuda of Fox News continue their "Saving the California Dream"...;

published: 04 Jun 2012

Author: isurftheskies

Remembering Geraldine Ferraro - KTTV

KTTV included a statement by Congresswoman Maxine Waters in their coverage of the life, ti...

published: 29 Mar 2011

Author: MaxineWaters

Dr Neil Joyce on Good Day LA (KTTV)

Dr. Neil Joyce describes the aftermath of Japan's earthquake and his work with Interna...

published: 15 Mar 2011

Author: IMCworldwideDotOrg

53rd Journalism Awards Gala (part 1)

A. JOURNALISTS OF THE YEAR A1. PRINT (Over 50,000 circulations) Patrick Range McDonal...

published: 18 Jul 2011

Author: EDP

WOW! on KTTV

This is a KTTV news story about WOW! Women of Wrestling...

published: 12 Aug 2011

Author: WOW Entertainment

KTTV Clip (English)

published: 06 Oct 2011

Author: Cheryl Saban

KTTV Clip (Spanish)

published: 06 Oct 2011

Author: Cheryl Saban

<li class="playlistitemli thumbnail border_color">
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Creative Commons / Wars

Photo: WN / Aruna Mirasdar

School children - girls and boys playing on the school ground in the school - India

Now, get info on schools at the click of a mouse

The Times of India

15 Oct 2012

PUNE: Profiles of all secondary schools in the state will now be available at the click of a mouse. A project to this effect has been undertaken by the state Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan, a...

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Photo: AP / Clemens Bilan

Eine Hand zeigt in Berlin fuer eine Fotoillustration auf einen Computer-Bildschirm mit der Startseite der Videotauschboerse "Youtube" (Foto vom 06.11.06).

Des dizaines de millions de personnes ont regardé le saut de Baumgartner

France24

15 Oct 2012

Des dizaines de millions de personnes ont regardé dimanche avec fascination et angoisse le saut spectaculaire du parachutiste autrichien Felix Baumgartner, qui a franchi pour la...

Chat

Photo: AP / Shakil Adil

Pakistani men hold pictures of 14-year-old schoolgirl Malala Yousufzai, who was shot last Tuesday by the Taliban for speaking out in support of education for women, during a candlelight vigil in Karachi, Pakistan, Saturday, Oct. 13, 2012.

Pakistan sends 14-year-old girl shot by Taliban to UK for care

Richmond Times Dispatch

15 Oct 2012

ISLAMABAD — Pakistan airlifted a 14-year-old activist who was shot and seriously wounded by the Taliban to the United Kingdom for treatment today, a move that will give her access to the...

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Photo: AP / Predrag Vuckovic

Skydiver Felix Baumgartner lands safely on Earth after skydiving fom 24 miles

Detroit Free Press

14 Oct 2012

Update: Extreme athlete Felix Baumgartner has landed on Earth after a jump from the stratosphere in what could be the world's first supersonic skydive. Baumgartner landed in eastern New Mexico desert...

Chat

Photo: AP / Ross D. Franklin

Felix Baumgartner, left, of Austria, and Art Thompson, technical project director, hug one another after Baumgartner successfully jumped from a space capsule lifted by a helium balloon at a height of just over 128,000 feet above the Earth's surface, Sunday, Oct. 14, 2012, in Roswell, N.M.

Baumgartner kwam even in beruchte 'flat spin' terecht

de Volkskrant

14 Oct 2012

De Oostenrijkse parachutist Felix Baumgartner is gedurende zijn recordsprong even in een zogeheten flat spin terechtgekomen, zo vermoedt hij. Dat was vooraf de meest gevreesde toestand waarin hij zou...

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Silver the hedgehog coloring pages to print 17 Oct 2012

IMC Submitted by poster on Wed, 2012-10-17 02:18 http://afb.defager.pl/Qyupv.html Esurance comic http://ill.defager.pl/Oacw.html Marvin gaye open coffin photo http://bun.ukolipa.pl/Psrhq.html 10x10 graph paper printable pdf http://arg.oiakser.pl/Mghlg.html Youtube unblocker...(size: 256.0Kb)

Weekend TV Talk: Lindsey Graham; Jennifer Granholm; David Axelrod 12 Oct 2012

The Los Angeles Times SATURDAY Good Morning America (N) 7 a.m. KABC McLaughlin Group 6:30 p.m. KCET SUNDAY The Chris Matthews Show Next presidential debate; Bill Clinton's role: Andrew Sullivan, Newsweek; John Heilemann, New York Magazine; Nia-Malika Henderson, the Washington Post; Liz Marlantes, Christian...(size: 31.4Kb)

Monday's TV Talk: Jenny McCarthy; Alana "Honey Boo Boo" Thompson 12 Oct 2012

The Los Angeles Times CBS This Morning Author J. K. Rowling. (N) 7 a.m. KCBS Today Trisha Yearwood; chef Ming Tsai; Jack McBrayer; Daughtry performs. (N) 7 a.m. KNBC Live With Kelly and Michael Cynthia Nixon; Max Greenfield. (N) 9 a.m. KABC The View Chris O'Donnell; Trisha Yearwood. (N) 10 a.m. KABC...(size: 30.8Kb)

'Sheriff John' Rovick - TV host - dies 11 Oct 2012

San Francisco Chronicle Los Angeles -- John Rovick, the beloved host of a children's cartoon show in Los Angeles throughout the 1950s and '60s, has died. Rovick died Saturday in Boise,...(size: 1.0Kb)

Wednesday TV Talk Shows: Bryan Cranston; Magic Johnson; Tina Fey 10 Oct 2012

The Los Angeles Times CBS This Morning Nancy O'Dell. (N) 7 a.m. KCBS Today Jesse Spencer; the Script performs. (N) 7 a.m. KNBC Good Morning America Ann Romney; Bryan Cranston; the cast of “Jersey Shore”; Stanley Tucci. (N) 7 a.m. KABC Live With Kelly and Michael Kevin James; Kristin Kreuk; the...(size: 31.8Kb)

Upland car-house crash kills boy, injures mother - AP State Wire News - The Sacramento ... 09 Oct 2012

Sacramento Bee UPLAND, Calif. -- Police say a 13-year-old boy is dead after a traffic accident sent the car he was in smashing into a...(size: 0.8Kb)

Upland car-house crash kills boy, injures mother 09 Oct 2012

The Tribune San Luis Obispo Upland car-house crash kills boy, injures mother 11 minutes ago Capitol Alert: AM Alert: Bill Clinton stumps for Democrats in Davis 11 minutes ago Clovis rejects ban medical marijuana growing ban 51 minutes ago...(size: 12.3Kb)

L.A.-area children's cartoon show host dies 09 Oct 2012

Tulsa World John Rovick, the beloved host of a children's cartoon show in Los Angeles throughout the 1950s and 60s, died Saturday in Boise, Idaho. He was 93. For nearly two decades, Rovick appeared on the daily "Cartoon Time" show that earned him an Emmy award for outstanding children's program. It was so...(size: 2.3Kb)

John Rovick | Cartoon-show host, 93 08 Oct 2012

Philadelphia Daily News John Rovick, 93, the beloved host of a children's show in Los Angeles throughout the 1950s and...(size: 0.6Kb)

Critic's Notebook: On John Rovick, TV's Sheriff John, departed 08 Oct 2012

The Los Angeles Times I spent a lot of birthdays with John Rovick, who passed away Saturday at the age of 93, although only a few of them were mine. There was a birthday party every day on "Sheriff John's Lunch Brigade," the Los Angeles kids' show Rovick hosted on KTTV for 17 years (alongside another show, "Sheriff...(size: 38.4Kb)

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KTTV
Los Angeles, California
KTTV logo
Branding	Fox 11 (general) Fox 11 News (newscast)
Slogan	L.A.'s #1 Choice for News (newscast) Just You Watch (general)
Channels	Digital: 11 (VHF)
Translators	(see article)
Affiliations	Fox
Owner	Fox Television Stations (Fox Television Stations, Inc.)
First air date	January 1, 1949
Call letters' meaning	Times TeleVision (for its founding owner, the Los Angeles Times)
Sister station(s)	KCOP-TV Fox Sports West Prime Ticket
Former channel number(s)	Analog: 11 (VHF, 1949–2009) Digital: 65 (UHF, 1998–2009)
Former affiliations	CBS (1949–1951) DuMont (1951–1954) Independent (1954–1986)
Transmitter power	115 kW
Height	920 m
Facility ID	22208
Transmitter coordinates	34°13′29″N 118°3′47″W / 34.22472°N 118.06306°W / 34.22472; -118.06306
Website	MyFoxLA.com

KTTV, channel 11, is an owned-and-operated television station of the News Corporation-owned Fox Broadcasting Company, located in Los Angeles, California. Serving the vast Los Angeles metropolitan area, KTTV is a sister station to KCOP (channel 13), Los Angeles' MyNetworkTV station. The two stations share studio facilities within the Fox Television Center in West Los Angeles, and KTTV's transmitter is located on Mount Wilson.

In the few areas of the western United States where viewers cannot receive Fox network programs over-the-air, KTTV is available on satellite via DirecTV.

1 History
- 1.1 Movie
2 Digital television
3 News operation
4 Rebroadcasters
5 See also
6 References
7 External links

History [link]

KTTV began operations on January 1, 1949, and was operated initially by KTTV, Incorporated, jointly owned by the Times-Mirror Company, publishers of the Los Angeles Times (51 percent), and CBS (49 percent). As such, KTTV was the original Los Angeles affiliate of the CBS television network. During their partnership, the Times turned down at least two offers CBS made to purchase KTTV outright. The joint partnership lasted exactly two years, until January 1, 1951, when CBS sold its stake in channel 11 back to Times-Mirror. CBS then moved its programming to newly-acquired KTSL (channel 2, later KNXT and now KCBS-TV). From that point, KTTV carried many of the programs from the DuMont Television Network for the next three years.

In 1954 DuMont moved its affiliation to KHJ-TV (channel 9, now KCAL-TV), and KTTV became an independent television station. During the late 1950s, the station was briefly affiliated with the NTA Film Network.^[1] In 1958, channel 11 became the television home of the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team (which had relocated from Brooklyn, New York to Los Angeles that year), and the relationship between KTTV and the Dodgers would last until 1992.

The Times-Mirror Company sold the station to Metromedia in 1963. For many years, KTTV televised the Tournament of Roses Parade, competing with rival KTLA and others, until 1995.

By the 1970s KTTV offered the traditional independent schedule, consisting of children's programs, off-network reruns, sports programming, and movies, along with a 10:00 p.m. newscast. The station, along with KTLA, KCOP, and KHJ-TV were seen on various cable television outlets in the southwestern United States during the 1970s and into the 1980s, most notably in El Paso, Texas.

Australian newspaper publisher Rupert Murdoch and his company, the News Corporation (the controlling owners of the 20th Century Fox film studio), purchased KTTV and the other Metromedia television stations in 1986, and those stations formed the basis for the new Fox television network.

It also added more first-run syndicated shows such as talk shows, court shows, and reality shows. For a while it continued with afternoon cartoons from the network, known as Fox Kids, as well as top rated off-network sitcoms in the evenings.

In Fall 2001, channel 11 dropped the weekday version of Fox Kids and moved it to its longtime rival and new sister station, KCOP (channel 13). The Fox Kids weekday block was ended altogether in January 2002. With the lineup left to air Saturday mornings under the name change to Fox Box, then 4Kids TV, KTTV brought Fox children's programming back to the lineup. After the dissolution of 4Kids in January 2009, the station now carries the network's Weekend Marketplace infomercial block and airs the bare minimum of E/I content required by Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations.

KTTV also runs reruns of another sitcom, I Love Lucy, which had premiered months after the station lost its CBS affiliation. Reruns of the sitcom, which was filmed in Hollywood, are still popular among Southern California viewers and have continued to air in the L.A. area endlessly since the series ceased production in 1957, thus making KTTV only the second station in Los Angeles (KCBS-TV was the other) to continue airing the sitcom after it ended more than 50 years ago. The station no longer airs "I Love Lucy" Monday-Friday (instead airing in a two-hour block on KCOP), but KTTV does air the landmark sitcom on weekend afternoons, usually between 4 and 6 p.m.

In 1996, the station's longtime home on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood, known as "Metromedia Square" (and later renamed the "Fox Television Center") was vacated. KTTV relocated to new studios a few miles away on South Bundy Drive in West Los Angeles, near the Fox network headquarters (the network's headquarters are on the lot of 20th Century Fox studios). The historic television studio at Metromedia Square, once home to Norman Lear's Tandem Productions and TAT Communications Company, also produced hit programs such as The Jeffersons, Mama's Family, Diff'rent Strokes, One Day at a Time, Hello, Larry, Soul Train, Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman, Small Wonder and the groundbreaking sketch comedy In Living Color. Many of those programs, either in first-run or off-network syndication, aired on KTTV. It was demolished in 2003 to make way for a new high school being built by the Los Angeles Unified School District.

Movie [link]

KTTV was used on screen in the movie I Want to Live! about convicted murderer Barbara Graham in 1958. George Putnam (newsman), an actual KTTV employee, was in the movie in the role of a TV news reporter and anchor.

Digital television [link]

KTTV shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 11, on June 12, 2009,^[2]^[3] as part of the DTV transition in the United States. The station had been broadcasting its pre-transition digital signal over UHF channel 65, but returned to channel 11 for its post-transition operations.^[4] KTTV broadcasts in 720p high definition on channel 11.1, since Fox Network programming is broadcast in that particular HD format.

KTTV-TV also has a Mobile DTV feed, labelled "KTTV FOX11 SG", broadcasting at 1.83 Mbit/s on sister station KCOP-TV's digital signal.^[5]^[6]

News operation [link]

KTTV broadcasts a total of 46½ hours of local news a week (8½ hours on weekdays and two hours on Saturdays and Sundays). However as is standard with Fox stations that carry early evening weekend newscasts, KTTV's Saturday and Sunday 5 p.m. newscasts are subject to preemption due to sports coverage. KTTV operates a Eurocopter A-Star 350 B-1, titled "SkyFox HD" to cover breaking news. KTTV previously operated two helicopters; one of them (known as "Sky Fox 2") was lost in 2000 after crashing at Van Nuys Airport. It had previously been operated by KTLA. KTTV's 10 p.m. newscasts have been top-rated in that time period for much of the 2000s. However, CBS-owned independent KCAL has been #1 since the end of 2010.

SkyFox Eurocopter

For a time during the mid-1980s, KTTV aired an 8 p.m. newscast, and moved its 10 O'Clock News to 11:00 p.m. in order to compete with KABC-TV, KNBC-TV, and KCBS-TV. The format initially was unchanged, but the 8 O'Clock News was dropped and the 11 p.m. newscast was reverted to its 10 p.m. slot shortly after Fox took over. KTTV dropped the morning cartoons for a new morning news show called Good Day L.A., which premiered in 1993. Though Good Day L.A. was created in response to KTLA's Morning News (which premiered two years earlier), it was inspired by sister station WNYW's Good Day New York, which was launched in 1988.

On April 17, 2006, KTTV launched a new look for its newscasts, including new theme music and graphics, as well as a new station logo. Similar in style to the Fox News Channel, this look has been standardized by other Fox owned-and-operated stations. The station also launched a new website based on Fox Television Stations' new MyFox interface on May 16, 2006; this format became standardized on all Fox-owned station sites by the end of 2006.

On July 14, 2008, KTTV launched a 10 a.m. newscast (its first midday newscast since the mid-1980s), following Good Day L.A. The 30-minute program is co-anchored by morning anchors Tony McEwing and Jean Martirez, with Lisa Breckenridge as a features reporter. KTTV is currently the only station in Los Angeles to have a 10 a.m. newscast. On December 8, 2008, the station also added a noon newscast, also anchored by McEwing, Martirez, Breckenridge, and Maria Quiban.

KTTV and KCOP began producing news in high definition on October 15, 2008, becoming the last network television stations in the region to do so. On December 1, 2008, KCOP reduced its one-hour 11 p.m. newscast to 30 minutes and retitled its program Fox News at 11, marking the end of a KCOP-named newscast. The newscast on channel 13 then became anchored by KTTV's Carlos Amezcua and Christine Devine, as it was considered an extension of KTTV's 10 p.m. newscast.

In 2009, Lauren Sanchez left to become a reporter for the nationally-syndicated entertainment news program Extra, and Maria Quiban was reassigned to weather anchor for the KTTV morning newscasts. On April 23, 2009, Rick Garcia left the station to join KCAL-TV, Channel 9 newscasts at 8:00 and 10:00 p.m., pairing with Pat Harvey. On April 27, 2009, KTTV introduced Good Day L.A. Today, a recap program featuring the best of that day's Good Day LA program, airing weekdays at 12:30 p.m.;^[7] that show has now been replaced with TMZ on TV.

On April 12, 2010, the station added a 4:30 a.m. newscast, anchored by Jean Martirez and Rick Dickert, bringing it to seven and a half total hours of local news every weekday. KTTV was one of only two remaining Fox owned-and-operated stations (the other being WFLD in Chicago) without a weeknight early evening newscast; this changed on September 12, 2011 as KTTV launched an hour-long 5 p.m. newscast called Studio 11 L.A.^[8]^[9]

News investigations [link]

Anonymous news report [link]

Main article: Anonymous (group)#KTTV Fox 11 news report)

On July 26, 2007, KTTV Fox 11 News aired a report on Anonymous, calling them a group of "hackers on steroids", "domestic terrorists", and collectively an "Internet hate machine". The report, which became the source for numerous internet memes, featured an unnamed former "hacker" who had fallen out with Anonymous and explained his view of the Anonymous culture. In addition, the report also mentioned "raids" on Habbo, a "national campaign to spoil the new Harry Potter book ending", and threats to "bomb sports stadiums".^[10]

Newscasts [link]

Weekdays

Fox 11 Morning News Early Edition: 4:30-5 a.m.

Anchor: Tony McEwing & Jean Martirez

Weather & Traffic: Rick Dickert

Fox 11 Morning News: 5-7 a.m.

Anchors: Tony McEwing & Jean Martirez

Weather: Rick Dickert (5-6 a.m.) and Maria Quiban (6-7 a.m.)

Entertainment: Lauren Sanchez

Traffic: Rick Dickert

Good Day L.A.: 7-10 a.m.

Anchor: Steve Edwards

Weather: Jillian Reynolds

Entertainment:

Traffic: Rick Dickert

News Update: Tony McEwing

Fox 11 News at 10 am: 10-10:30 a.m.

Anchors: Tony McEwing & Jean Martirez

Weather: Maria Quiban

Entertainment: Lauren Sanchez

SkyFox: Rick Dickert

Fox 11 News at Noon: 12-12:30 p.m.

Anchor: Jeff Michael & Lisa Breckenridge

Studio 11 L.A.: 5-6 p.m.

Anchor: Jeff Michael

News Update: Liz Habib

Feature Reports: Ed Laskos

Entertainment: Lisa Breckenridge

Fox 11 Ten O'Clock News: 10-11 p.m.

Anchors: Carlos Amezcua & Christine Devine

Sports: Liz Habib

Weekends

Studio 11 L.A.: 5-6 p.m.

Anchors: Laura Diaz & Susan Hirasuna

Weather: Pablo Pereria

Fox 11 Ten O'Clock News: 10-11 p.m.

Anchors: Laura Diaz & Susan Hirasuna

Weather: Pablo Pereria

News/station presentation [link]

Station slogans [link]

KTTV That's Entertainment (1970s)
The Ones to Watch! (1970s-1980s)
The Southland's Number One Choice for News (1998–2006)
Fox 11 NOW (2001–2002; localized version of Fox ad campaign)
Just You Watch (2002–present; general slogan)
L.A.'s Number One Choice for News (2006–present; news slogan)
So Fox 11 (2008–present; localized version of Fox ad campaign)

On-air staff [link]

Anchors

Carlos Amezcua - weeknights at 10 and 11 p.m. (on KCOP)
Lisa Breckenridge - weekdays at noon and "Studio 11 L.A." entertainment reporter
Christine Devine - weeknights at 10 and 11 p.m. (on KCOP)
Laura Diaz - weekends at 5, 10 and 11 p.m. (on KCOP)
Steve Edwards - weekday mornings "Good Day L.A." (7-10 a.m.)
Susan Hirasuna - weekends at 5, 10 and 11 p.m. (on KCOP)
Jean Martirez - weekday mornings (4:30-7 and 10 a.m.)
Tony McEwing - weekday mornings (4:30-7 and 10 a.m.); also "Good Day L.A." newsreader
Jeff Michael - weekdays at noon and "Studio 11 L.A." weeknights at 5 p.m.
Jillian (Barberie) Reynolds - weekday mornings "Good Day L.A." (7-10 a.m.); also "Good Day" weather anchor

FOX 11 Weather Team

Rick Dickert (AMS Certified Broadcast Meteorologist and NWA Seals of Approval) - meteorologist; weekday mornings (4:30-6 a.m.); also "Good Day L.A." traffic reporter
Maria Quiban - weather anchor; weekday mornings (6-7, 10-10:30 a.m.) and noon
Pablo Pereria - (AMS Seal of Approval and NWA member) - meteorologist; weekends at 5, 10 and 11 p.m. (on KCOP)

Sports team

Liz Habib - sports anchor; nightly at 10 p.m.; also "Studio 11 L.A." features reporter

Reporters

Chris Blatchford - general assignment and investigative reporter
Bob DeCastro - general assignment reporter
Hal Eisner - general assignment reporter
Courtney Friel - general assignment and entertainment reporter
Christina Gonzalez - general assignment reporter
Gigi Graciette - general assignment reporter
Araksya Karapetyan - general assignment reporter
James Koh - general assignment reporter
Ed Laskos - general assignment reporter; "Studio 11 L.A." features reporter
Rick Lozano - Weekend Sports Reporter
Doug Luzader - Fox News Washington D.C. bureau reporter
Al Naipo - Orange County bureau reporter
Lauren Sanchez - morning entertainment and special projects reporter
Phil Shuman - general assignment and investigative reporter
Gina Silva - general assignment and investigative reporter
Lauren Sivan - general assignment reporter
Robin Sax - legal analyst
Tony Valdez - general assignment reporter; also "Midday Sunday" host

Notable alumni [link]

John Beard - anchor (now with WGRZ in Buffalo)
Hal Fishman (later with KTLA; deceased)
Dorothy Lucey - "Good Day L.A." co-host/entertainment anchor
Lisa Joyner (later with KCBS-TV/KCAL-TV)
Antonio Mora - anchor (now with WFOR-TV in Miami)
George Putnam
Mark Thompson - chief meteorologist/local program host (1992–2011)

Rebroadcasters [link]

KTTV is rebroadcast on the following translator stations:

References [link]

^ "Require Prime Evening Time for NTA Films". Boxoffice: 13. November 10, 1956. http://issuu.com/boxoffice/docs/boxoffice_111056-1.
^ "YouTube video of analog TV shutoffs in Los Angeles". Youtube.com. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xQhn0ToBU0s. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
^ http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs_public/attachmatch/DA-06-1082A2.pdf
^ "FCC DTV status report for KTTV". Fjallfoss.fcc.gov. http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/cdbsmenu.hts?context=25&appn=101304749&formid=387&fac_num=22208. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
^ "RabbitEars.Info". RabbitEars.Info. http://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?request=atscmph. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
^ "Mobile DTV Station Guide | www.omvcsignalmap.com". Mdtvsignalmap.com. http://www.mdtvsignalmap.com/. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
^ "KTTV Launches 12:30 p.m. Show - 2009-04-23 18:34:50 | Broadcasting & Cable". Broadcastingcable.com. http://www.broadcastingcable.com/article/209831-KTTV_Launches_12_30_p_m_Show.php. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
^ KTTV Launching 5 PM News, Broadcasting & Cable, June 20, 2011.
^ "Studio 11 LA". Myfoxla.com. http://www.myfoxla.com/subindex/studio_11_la. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
^ Phil Shuman (investigative reporter) (2007-07-26). "FOX 11 Investigates: 'Anonymous'". MyFOX Los Angeles (KTTV (Fox)). http://www.myfoxla.com/myfox/pages/ContentDetail?contentId=3894628. Retrieved 2009-01-13.

External links [link]

MyFoxLA
Sheriff John
Query the FCC's TV station database for KTTV
BIAfn's Media Web Database -- Information on KTTV-TV
Program Information for KTTV at TitanTV.com
Channel 11: Power-packed from the start Metropolitan News-Enterprise column on early days of KTTV
1954: KTTV dumps Du Mont, KHJ becomes its affiliate "Reminiscing" column in the MetNews on KTTV severing its ties with a national network
Channel 11 loads its schedule with syndicated shows "Reminiscing" column by Roger M. Grace on syndicated filmed shows on KTTV in the second half of the 1950s
KTTV presents George Putnam, Masked Genius, Three Stooges MetNews column on live shows on KTTV after its parting of ways with Du Mont.
Films with live intros marked KTTV in the daytime Roger M. Grace recalls hosts who introduced films on KTTV in the 1950s
KTTV logos and screenshots from 1950s to the present day

Television Stations in the greater Los Angeles area

English stations

KCBS (2.1 CBS)
KNBC (4.1 NBC, 4.2 Nonstop)
KTLA (5.1 CW, 5.2 Antenna, 5.3 This TV)
KABC (7.1 ABC, 7.2 LWN HD, 7.3 LWN SD)
KFLA (8.1 RTV, 8.2 CSTV, 8.3 Tuff TV, 8.4 Vmas)
KCAL (9.1 Ind)
KIIO 10.1 (Ind.)
KTTV (11.1 Fox HD, 11.2 Fox SD)
KCOP (13.1 MNTV, 13.2 Bounce)
KPXN (30.1 ION, 30.2 Qubo, 30.3 ION Life)
KTBN (40.1 TBN, 40.2 Church, 40.3 JCTV, 40.4 Enlace, 40.5 Smile)
KDOC (56.1 Ind, 56.2 ESNE, 56.3 Me-TV, 56.4 Stellar TV)
KVMD 31.9 (CCTV-NEWS)

Public television

KVCR (24.1 PBS, 24.2 FNX, 24.3 KVCR Desert Cities, 24.4 Create)
KCET (28.1 Public Ind, 28.2 KCET Kids and Family, 28.3 V-me, 28.4 WV)
KOCE (50.1 PBS-HD, 50.2 OC, 50.3 DS, 50.4 PBS World)
KLCS (58.1 PBS, 58.2 Kids, 58.3 Create, 58.4 Telecourses)

Ethnic stations

v t e Foreign Language Television Stations in the greater Los Angeles area

Spanish	KSFV-CA 6 KSCI 18.6 KVME 20.1 / KNLA-CD 20.1 / 27 / KNET-CA 20.3 / 25 KWHY 22.1 KBLM-LP 25 26.1 (Rel.) / KVHD-LP 26.2 (Rel.) KZSW-LP 27 KCET 28.3 (V-me) KVMD 31.2 (UdG) / 31.6 (Rel.) KMEX 34.1 (Uni) K36JH 36 (Vida) KTBN 40.4 (Enlace) KXLA 44.2 / 44.9 KTAV 35.1 / 46 (ALMA) KFTR 46.1 (TFU) KEDD-LP 50 KVEA 52.1 (TMD) KAZA 54.1 / 54.2 (AZA) KDOC 56.2 KJLA 57.1 (LATV) KRCA 62.1 / 62.4 (estrellaTV) KBEH 63.1 / 63.5 (Tr3́s) / 63.3 (Mexicanal) / 63.4 (Rel.)

Armenian	KSCI 18.5 (USArmenia) KSCI 18.7 / KVMD 31.1 / KXLA 44.10 (ARTN)

Chinese	Cantonese KVMD 31.4 (Guangdong TV) Mandarin KSCI 18.8 (MACTV) KVMD 31.5 (Skylink2) KVMD 31.7 (TBWTV) KVMD 31.8 (WCETV) KXLA 44.6 (IAVC) KXLA 44.7 (NTDTV) KXLA 44.8 (ICN) KXLA 44.9 (G & E) KJLA 57.9 (ZWTV) KRCA 62.2 (HTTV) KRCA 62.6 (ETTV)

Japanese	KSCI 18.2 (UTB)

Korean	KSCI 18.3 (MBC-D) KSCI 18.4 (CGNTV) KSCI 18.9 (SKDTVmbn) KXLA 44.3 (KTN) KXLA 44.5 (Arirang)

Portuguese	KJLA 57.7 (iTV)

Vietnamese	KJLA 23.4 (VNBC) KXLA 44.4 (LSTV) KJLA 57.2 (VFACE) KJLA 57.3 (VNATV) KJLA 57.4 (SET) KJLA 57.5 (SGTV) KJLA 57.6 (VBS) KJLA 57.8 (Global)

Multilingual	KSCI 18.1 KVMD 31.1 KXLA 44.1 (Ind)

Outlying areas

Local cable channels

Fox Sports West and Prime Ticket
LA Cityview 35
Time Warner Cable SportsNet and Time Warner Cable Deportes (coming in fall 2012)

Defunct stations

Adjacent areas

ATSC-M/H Mobile DTV

California television: Bakersfield; Chico-Redding; Eureka; Fresno; Los Angeles; Medford OR; Monterey; Palm Springs; Reno NV; Sacramento; San Diego; San Francisco; Santa Barbara; El Centro CA / Yuma AZ

v t e Fox Network Affiliates in the state of California

KTVU 2 (Oakland / San Francisco) KECY 9 (El Centro) KTTV 11 (Los Angeles) KCVU 20 / KBVU 28 (Chico / Redding / Eureka) KKFX 24 (Santa Maria) KMPH 26 / 17 (Visalia / Merced) KDFX 33 (Indio / Palm Springs) KCBA 35 (Salinas) KTXL 40 (Sacramento) KBFX 58 (Bakersfield) KSWB 69 (San Diego)

See also ABC CBS CW Fox ION MyNetworkTV NBC PBS Other stations in California

News Corporation

Percentages indicate percentage ownership

Corporate directors	Rupert Murdoch José María Aznar Natalie Bancroft Chase Carey David DeVoe Arthur Siskind Rod Eddington Andrew Knight James Murdoch Lachlan Murdoch Rod Paige Thomas Perkins Viet Dinh John L. Thornton

v t e Dow Jones & Company

National consumer products	All Things Digital Barron's Financial News FINS.com MarketWatch.com BigCharts VSE SmartMoney Vedomosti The Wall Street Journal The Wall Street Journal Asia The Wall Street Journal Europe Wall Street Journal Radio Network WSJ.

Dow Jones Local Media Group	Ashland Daily Tidings The Barnstable Patriot Cape Cod Times The Inquirer and Mirror Mail Tribune Pocono Record The Portsmouth Herald The Record The Standard-Times Times Herald-Record Hathaway Publishing Seacoast Media Group

Enterprise products	Factiva Dow Jones Newswires Dow Jones Indexes (10%)

Fox Entertainment Group

Fox Filmed Entertainment

20th Century Fox
20th Century Fox Animation
20th Century Fox Home Entertainment
20th Century Fox Television
20th Television
Fox 21
Fox Star Studios
Blue Sky Studios
Fox Faith
Fox Searchlight Pictures
Fox Studios Australia
Fox Television Studios
Fox Music
Shine Group
- Dragonfly
- Friday TV
- Kudos
- Metronome
- Princess Productions
- Shine America
- Shine Limited

Fox Broadcasting Company

MyNetworkTV
Fox Kids (1990–2002)

Fox Television Stations

Fox Cable Networks

Fox News Network

Fox International Channels

Fox
- Asia
- Finland
- Germany
- India
- Italy
- Latin America
- Middle East
- Poland
- Portugal
- Spain
- Turkey
Fox Life
- Greece
- Italy
- Netherlands
FX
- Asia
- Australia
- Canada
- Greece
- Latin America
- Portugal
- UK
Fox Crime
- Asia
- Italy
Fox Movies
- Middle East
- Portugal
Fox Filipino¹¹
Fox Retro
Fox Sports
BabyTV
24Kitchen
Utilisima
Speed
tvN⁶
Fox Action Movies
Fox Family Movies
Fox Movies Premium
Fox Traveller
Cult
Viajar (Spain)
BemSimples
Voyage
MundoFox³
Premier Media Group (50%)

National Geographic International Channels (52%)⁴

National Geographic Channel Asia Germany Greece Scandinavia⁵ UK⁵ Nat Geo Wild⁴ Nat Geo Mundo⁴ National Geographic Adventure Nat Geo Music

STAR TV

STAR World India Philippines STAR Movies ESPN STAR Sports (50%)¹² ESPN Asia ESPNews Asia ESPNews India STAR Sports STAR Cricket STAR Plus UK Life OK Movies OK STAR Utsav STAR Gold STAR Vijay (81%) STAR Jalsha STAR Pravah Asianet Communications Limited (81%)¹³ Asianet Asianet Plus Asianet News Asianet Middle East Asianet Suvarna Asianet Suvarna News 24×7 Asianet Sitara Sitara News antv (20%)¹⁵ Channel [V] STAR Chinese Movies Xing Kong (47%)¹⁶ STAR Chinese Channel Phoenix Television (17.6%)¹⁴ Phoenix Chinese Channel Phoenix InfoNews Channel Phoenix Movies Channel Phoenix Hong Kong Channel Phoenix Chinese News and Entertainment Channel Phoenix North America Chinese Channel Broadcast Middle East (50%)¹⁷ Farsi1 Zemzemeh

Fox Sports International

Fox Pan American Sports (33%)⁷
- Fox Deportes
- Fox Sports Latinoamérica

News Corp. Digital Media

FoxSports.com
- Scout.com
- WhatIfSports
- Yardbarker
- IGN Entertainment
  - AskMen.com
  - GameScoop
  - GameSpy
  - GameStats
  - IGN
  - Planet Network
  - TeamXbox
- UGO Networks
  - 1UP.com
  - GameTab
- Vault Network

Investments

Big Ten Network (51%)⁸
Fox Telecolombia (51%) LAP TV (55%)
National Geographic Channel (70%) (Nat Geo Wild)⁴
Telecine (13%)⁹
STATS (50%)¹⁰ LAP TV

Other

Fox Mobile Entertainment

³ Owned with RCN TV
⁴ Owned with the National Geographic Society
⁵ Originally a joint venture with sister company British Sky Broadcasting (1997–2007)
⁶ Joint venture with Mnet Media
⁷ Owned with HM Capital Partners
⁸ Owned with Big Ten Conference
⁹ Owned with Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, NBCUniversal, Viacom, and Liberty Global
¹⁰ Owned with Associated Press
¹¹ Partnership with GMA Network, Inc. and Associated Broadcasting Company (TV5)
¹² Joint venture with ESPN International
¹³ Joint venture with Jupiter Entertainment
¹⁴ Owned with China Mobile Hong Kong Company Limited, Today's Asia Ltd., China Wise International Ltd., and the public
¹⁵ Joint venture with PT Visi Media Asia Tbk.
¹⁶ Owned with China Media Capital
¹⁷ Owned with MOBY Group

v t e HarperCollins

USA	Amistad Avon Broadside Caedmon Ecco Greenwillow Harper Harper Perennial HarperOne I Can Read! It Joanna Cotler Katherine Tegan Laura Gerringer Morrow Newmarket Rayo Thomas Nelson Zondervan

UK	Collins Collins Bartholomew Fourth Estate The Friday Project Blue Door Thorsons/Element Voyager

Australia	Angus & Robertson

v t e News International

The Times The Sunday Times The Sun Times Literary Supplement

v t e News Limited

Metropolitan newspapers	The Australian Daily Telegraph Herald Sun / Sunday Herald Sun Courier Mail The Sunday Mail (Brisbane) The Advertiser The Sunday Times (Western Australia) The Mercury Northern Territory News mX

Community newspapers	Cumberland-Courier Community Newspapers (New South Wales) Leader Community Newspapers (Victoria) Quest Community Newspapers (Queensland) Messenger Newspapers (South Australia) Community Newspaper Group (Western Australia) Sun Newspapers (Northern Territory)

Regional newspapers	Geelong Advertiser The Gold Coast Bulletin The Cairns Post Townsville Bulletin

Sports	Brisbane Broncos (68.87%) Melbourne Storm National Rugby League (50%)

Other properties	Newspoll (50%) Papua New Guinea Post-Courier (63%) Premier Media Group (50%)

v t e Sky Italia

Channels	Sky Uno Sky Sport Sky Calcio Sky Cinema Sky Primafila Sky TG24 Sky Meteo24 Sky 3D Sky Radio

Defunct channels	SKY Vivo SKY Show

Joint ventures (Radio stations)	Sky Music 50 Songs Yesterjay '90 Yesterjay '80 Capital '70 Vintage '60 Rock Classic Rock Shock Soulsista Hit Italia ItalianVintage Livetime Heart 'n Song B-Side Ritmo Latino Dance Yesterday 2000 Jazz & Fusion Jazz Gold Soul Train Extrabeat Sinfonia Opera Cinema Deejay Baby Mix Disc Joker

See also	Sky HD (Italy) List of channels on Sky Italia

v t e STAR Group

India	Channel [V] STAR Gold STAR Jalsha STAR Movies Life OK Movies OK STAR Plus UK STAR Pravah STAR Utsav STAR World Asianet Communications (81%)¹³ Asianet Asianet News Asianet Plus Asianet Middle East Asianet Sitara Sitara News Asianet Suvarna Asianet Suvarna News 24×7 ESPN STAR Sports (50%)¹² ESPN Asia ESPNews Asia ESPNews India STAR Sports STAR Cricket Hathway (17%) STAR Vijay (81%) Tata Sky (30%)¹⁸

China	STAR World STAR Chinese Channel STAR Chinese Movies Xing Kong (47%)¹⁶ Channel [V] Phoenix Television (17.6%)¹⁴ Phoenix Chinese Channel Phoenix InfoNews Channel Phoenix Movies Channel Phoenix Hong Kong Channel Phoenix Chinese News and Entertainment Channel Phoenix North America Chinese Channel antv (20%)¹⁵ Fortune STAR

Star Select	Broadcast Middle East (50%)¹⁷ FARSI1 Zemzemeh Rotana (15%)

¹⁸ With Tata Group

US newspapers	The Daily New York Post Community Newspaper Group Bronx Times-Reporter The Brooklyn Paper Courier-Life Newspapers TimesLedger Newspapers

Satellite investments	BSkyB (39.1%) Foxtel (25%) Sky Deutschland (49.90%) Sky Network Television (44%)

Other assets	News America Marketing NDS (49%) News Outdoor STAR DEN (50%) Hulu¹ MySpace (5%)

¹ Joint venture with NBCUniversal and The Walt Disney Company.
Annual revenue $30.4 billion USD (17% FY 2009)
Employees 64,000
Stock symbols NYSE: NWS / NYSE: NWSA / ASX: NWS / LSE: NCRA

See also List of assets owned by News Corporation

Fox Entertainment Group

Fox Filmed Entertainment

20th Century Fox
20th Century Fox Animation
20th Century Fox Home Entertainment
20th Century Fox Television
20th Television
Fox 21
Fox Star Studios
Blue Sky Studios
Fox Faith
Fox Searchlight Pictures
Fox Studios Australia
Fox Television Studios
Fox Music
Shine Group
- Dragonfly
- Friday TV
- Kudos
- Metronome
- Princess Productions
- Shine America
- Shine Limited

Fox Broadcasting Company

MyNetworkTV
Fox Kids (1990–2002)

Fox Television Stations

Fox Cable Networks

Fox News Network

Fox International Channels

Fox
- Asia
- Finland
- Germany
- India
- Italy
- Latin America
- Middle East
- Poland
- Portugal
- Spain
- Turkey
Fox Life
- Greece
- Italy
- Netherlands
FX
- Asia
- Australia
- Canada
- Greece
- Latin America
- Portugal
- UK
Fox Crime
- Asia
- Italy
Fox Movies
- Middle East
- Portugal
Fox Filipino¹¹
Fox Retro
Fox Sports
BabyTV
24Kitchen
Utilisima
Speed
tvN⁶
Fox Action Movies
Fox Family Movies
Fox Movies Premium
Fox Traveller
Cult
Viajar (Spain)
BemSimples
Voyage
MundoFox³
Premier Media Group (50%)

National Geographic International Channels (52%)⁴

National Geographic Channel Asia Germany Greece Scandinavia⁵ UK⁵ Nat Geo Wild⁴ Nat Geo Mundo⁴ National Geographic Adventure Nat Geo Music

STAR TV

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Not to be confused with author and writer Andy Griffiths.

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (April 2009)

Andy Griffith
Andy Griffith receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Born	Andy Samuel Griffith (1926-06-01) June 1, 1926 (age 86) Mount Airy, North Carolina, United States
Nationality	American
Education	Mount Airy High School
Alma mater	University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Occupation	Actor, comedian, director, producer, singer (country, bluegrass & southern gospel), writer
Years active	1949–present
Notable work(s)	The Andy Griffith Show, Matlock
Political party	Democrat
Religion	Christian (Baptist/Moravian Church)
Spouse	Barbara Bray Edwards (m. 1949–72) (divorced) Solica Cassuto (m. 1975–81) (divorced) Cindi Knight (1983–present)

Andy Samuel Griffith (born June 1, 1926) is an American actor, director, producer, Grammy Award-winning Southern-gospel singer, and writer.^[1] He gained prominence in the starring role in director Elia Kazan's epic film, A Face in the Crowd (1957) before he became better known for his television roles, playing the lead characters in the 1960–68 situation comedy, The Andy Griffith Show, and in the 1986–95 legal drama, Matlock. Griffith was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by US President George W. Bush on November 9, 2005.

Early life and education [link]

Griffith was born in Mount Airy, North Carolina, the only child of Geneva (née Nunn) and Carl Lee Griffith.^[2] At a very young age, Griffith had to live with relatives until his parents could afford to get a home of their own. Without a crib or a bed, he slept in drawers for a few months. In 1929, when Griffith was three years old, his father took a job working as a carpenter and was finally able to purchase a home in Mount Airy's "blue-collar" southside.

Like his mother, Griffith grew up listening to music. His father instilled a sense of humor from old family stories. By the time he entered school he was well aware that he was from what many considered the "wrong side of the tracks". He was a shy student, but once he found a way to make his peers laugh, he began to come out of his shell and come into his own.

As a student at Mount Airy High School, Griffith cultivated an interest in the arts, and he participated in the school's drama program. A growing love of music, particularly swing, would change his life. Griffith was raised Baptist^[3] and looked up to Ed Mickey, a minister at Grace Moravian Church, who led the brass band and taught him to sing and play the trombone. Mickey nurtured Griffith's talent throughout high school until graduation in 1944. Griffith was delighted when he was offered a role in The Lost Colony, a play still performed today on Roanoke Island. He performed as a cast member of the play for several years, playing a variety of roles, until he finally landed the role of Sir Walter Raleigh, the namesake of North Carolina's capital.

He began college studying to be a Moravian preacher, but he changed his major to music and became a part of the school's Carolina Play Makers. He attended the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, and graduated with a bachelor of music degree in 1949. At UNC he was president of the UNC Men's Glee Club and a member of the Alpha Rho Chapter of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, America's oldest fraternity for men in music.^{[citation needed]} He also played roles in several student operettas, including The Chimes of Normandy (1946), and Gilbert and Sullivan's The Gondoliers (1945), The Mikado (1948) and H.M.S. Pinafore (1949).^[4]

After graduation, he taught English for a few years at Goldsboro High School in Goldsboro, North Carolina, where he taught, among others, Carl Kasell.^[5] He also began to write.

Career [link]

From rising comedian to film star [link]

Griffith's early career was as a monologist, delivering long stories such as What it Was, Was Football, which is told from the point of view of a rural backwoodsman trying to figure out what was going on in a football game.^[6] Released as a single in 1953 on the Colonial label, the monologue was a hit for Griffith, reaching number nine on the charts in 1954.^[7]

Griffith starred in a one-hour teleplay version of No Time for Sergeants (March 1955)—a story about a country boy in the US Air Force—on The United States Steel Hour, a television anthology series. He expanded that role in a full-length theatrical version of the same name (October 1955) on Broadway in New York City, New York.^[8] His Broadway career also included the title role in the 1957 musical, Destry Rides Again, co-starring Delores Gray. The show, with a score by Harold Rome, ran for more than a year.

Griffith later reprised his role for the film version (1958) of No Time for Sergeants; the film also featured Don Knotts, as a corporal in charge of manual-dexterity tests, marking the beginning of a life-long association between Griffith and Knotts. No Time for Sergeants is considered the direct inspiration for the later television situation comedy Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C.^[9]

He also portrayed a US Coast Guard sailor in the feature film Onionhead (1958); it was neither a critical nor a commercial success.

[edit] Dramatic role in A Face in the Crowd (1957)

File:Kazan-Face-still.jpg

With Patricia Neal in A Face in the Crowd (1957)

In 1957 Griffith made his film début, starring in the film A Face in the Crowd. Although he plays a "country boy", this country boy is manipulative and power-hungry, a drifter who becomes a television host and uses his show as a gateway to political power. Co-starring Patricia Neal, Walter Matthau, Tony Franciosa, and Lee Remick (in her film début as well), this now-classic film, directed by Elia Kazan, showcases Griffith's powerful talents. Written by Budd Schulberg, and partly based on the on-stage phoniness of Arthur Godfrey, the film demonstrated, quite early on, the power that television can have upon the masses. This prescient film was seldom run on television until the 1990s.^{[citation needed]}

A 2005 DVD reissue of A Face in the Crowd includes a mini-documentary on the film, with comments from Schulberg and surviving cast members Griffith, Franciosa, and Neal. In his interview, Griffith, revered for his wholesome image for decades, reveals a more complex side of himself. He recalls Kazan prepping him to shoot his first scene with Remick's teenaged baton twirler, who captivates Griffith's character on a trip to Arkansas. Griffith also expresses his belief that the film was far more popular and respected in more recent decades than it was when originally released.

Television roles [link]

Early television roles [link]

Publicity photo of Griffith for his No Time for Sergeants television appearance.

Griffith's first appearance on television had been in 1955 in the one-hour teleplay of No Time for Sergeants on The United States Steel Hour. That was the first of two appearances on that series.

In 1960, Griffith appeared as a county sheriff (who was also a justice of the peace and the editor of the local newspaper) in an episode of Make Room for Daddy, starring Danny Thomas. This episode, in which Thomas' character is stopped for speeding in a little town, served as a backdoor pilot for The Andy Griffith Show. Both shows were produced by Sheldon Leonard.

[edit] The Andy Griffith Show (1960–1968)

Beginning in 1960, Griffith starred as Sheriff Andy Taylor in The Andy Griffith Show for the CBS television network. The show took place in the fictional town of Mayberry, North Carolina, where Taylor, a widower, was the sheriff and town sage. The show was filmed at Desilu Studios, with exteriors filmed at Forty Acres in Culver City, CA.

From 1960 to 1965, the show co-starred character actor and comedian—and Griffith's longtime friend—Don Knotts in the role of Deputy Barney Fife, Taylor's best friend and partner. He was also Taylor's cousin in the show. In the series première episode, in a conversation between the two, Fife calls Taylor "Cousin Andy", and Taylor calls Fife "Cousin Barney". The show also starred child actor Ron Howard (then known as Ronny Howard), who played Taylor's only child, Opie Taylor.

Andy lends a hand when Barney gets his gun stuck on his finger.

It was an immediate hit. Although Griffith never received a writing credit for the show, he worked on the development of every script. While Knotts was frequently lauded and won multiple Emmy Awards for his comedic performances (as did Frances Bavier in 1967), Griffith was never nominated for an Emmy Award during the show's run.

In 1967, Griffith was under contract with CBS to do one more season of the show. However, he decided to quit the show to pursue a movie career and other projects. The series continued as Mayberry R.F.D., with Ken Berry starring as a widower farmer and many of the regular characters recurring, some regularly and some as guest appearances. Griffith served as executive producer (according to Griffith, he came in once a week to review the week's scripts and give input) and guest starred in five episodes (the pilot episode involved his marriage to Helen Crump).^[10] He made final appearances as Taylor in the 1986 reunion television film, Return to Mayberry, and in two reunion specials in 1993 and 2003.

[edit] Matlock (1986–1995)

After leaving his still-popular show in 1968, and starting his own production company (Andy Griffith Enterprises) in 1972, Griffith starred in less-successful television series such as Headmaster (1970), The New Andy Griffith Show (1971), Adams of Eagle Lake (1975) Salvage 1 (1979), and The Yeagers (1980).

After spending time in rehabilitation for leg paralysis from Guillain–Barré syndrome in 1986, Griffith returned to television as the title character, Ben Matlock, in the legal drama Matlock (1986–1995) on NBC and ABC. Matlock was a country lawyer in Atlanta, Georgia, who was known for his Southern drawl and for always winning his cases. Matlock also starred unfamiliar actors (both of whom were childhood fans of Andy Griffith) Nancy Stafford as Michelle Thomas (1987–1992) and Clarence Gilyard Jr. as Conrad McMasters (1989–1993). By the end of its first season it was a ratings powerhouse on Tuesday nights. Although the show was nominated for four Emmy Awards, Griffith once again was never nominated. He did, however, win a People's Choice Award in 1987 for his work as Matlock.

During the series' sixth season, he served as unofficial director, executive producer and writer of the show.

This show is mentioned on TV's longest animated show The Simpsons and is noted as Grandpa Simpson's favorite show as well as Marge Simpson's mother Jacqueline Bouvier's as well.

Other television appearances [link]

Griffith has also made other character appearances through the years on Playhouse 90, Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C., The Mod Squad, Hawaii Five-O, The Doris Day Show, Here's Lucy, The Bionic Woman, Fantasy Island, among many others. He also reprised his role as Ben Matlock on Diagnosis: Murder in 1997, and his most recent guest-starring role was in 2001 in an episode of Dawson's Creek.

Films (including television films)[link]

For most of the 1970s, Griffith starred or appeared in many television films including The Strangers In 7A (1972), Go Ask Alice (1973), Winter Kill (1974), and Pray for the Wildcats (1974), which marked his first villainous role. Griffith appeared again as a villain in Savages (1974), a television film based on the novel Deathwatch (1972) by Robb White. Griffith received his only Primetime Emmy Award nomination as Outstanding Supporting Actor – Miniseries or a Movie for his role as the father of a murder victim in the television film Murder In Texas (1981) and won further acclaim for his role as a homicidal villain in the television film Murder in Coweta County (1983), co-starring music legend Johnny Cash as the sheriff. He also proved to be a good character actor and appeared in several television mini-series, including the television version of From Here to Eternity (1979), Roots: The Next Generations (1979), Centennial (1978), and the Watergate scandal-inspired Washington: Behind Closed Doors (1977), playing a former president loosely based on Lyndon B. Johnson.

Most of the TV movies Griffith starred in were also attempts to launch a new series. 1974's Winter Kill launched the short lived Adams of Eagle Lake which was canceled after only two episodes in 1975. A year later, he starred as a New York City attorney for the DA's office in Street Killing which also failed to launch a new series. Two television films for NBC in 1977, The Girl in The Empty Grave and Deadly Game, were attempts for Griffith to launch a new series featuring him as Police Chief Abel Marsh, a more hard-edged version of Andy Taylor; despite strong ratings for both films, both were unsuccessful.

While appearing in television films and guest roles on television series over the next 10 years, Griffith also appeared in two feature films, both of which flopped at the box office. He co-starred with Jeff Bridges as a crusty old 1930s western actor in the comedy Hearts of the West (1975), and he appeared alongside Tom Berenger as a gay villainous colonel and cattle baron in the western comedy spoof Rustlers' Rhapsody (1985).

He also appeared as an attorney in the NBC mini-series Fatal Vision in 1984, which is considered a precursor to his role in Matlock.

Griffith stunned many unfamiliar with his A Face in the Crowd work in the television film Crime of Innocence (1985), where he portrayed a callous judge who routinely sentenced juveniles to hard prison time. He further stunned audiences with his role as a dangerous and mysterious grandfather in 1995's Gramps, co-starring the late John Ritter. He also appeared as a comical villain in the spy movie spoof Spy Hard (1996) starring Leslie Nielsen. In the television film A Holiday Romance (1999), Griffith played the role of "Jake Peterson." In the film Daddy and Them (2001), Griffith portrayed a patriarch of a dysfunctional southern family.

In the feature film Waitress (2007), Griffith played a crusty diner owner who takes a shine to Keri Russell's character. His latest appearance was the leading role in the romantic comedy, independent film Play The Game (2009) as a lonely, widowed grandfather re-entering the dating world after a 60-year hiatus. The cast of Play The Game also included Rance Howard, Ron Howard's real-life father, who made appearances in various supporting roles on The Andy Griffith Show, and Clint Howard, Ron's younger brother, who had the recurring role of Leon (the kid offering the ice cream cone or peanut butter sandwich) on TAGS.

Singing and recording career [link]

Griffith sang as part of some of his acting roles, most notably in A Face In The Crowd and in many episodes of both The Andy Griffith Show and Matlock. In addition to his recordings of comic monologues in the 1950s, he made an album of upbeat country and gospel tunes during the run of The Andy Griffith Show, which included a version of the show's theme sung by Griffith under the title "The Fishin' Hole". In recent years, he has recorded successful albums of classic Christian hymns for Sparrow Records. His most successful was the 1996 release I Love to Tell the Story: 25 Timeless Hymns, which was certified platinum by the RIAA.^[11]

Griffith appeared in country singer Brad Paisley's music video "Waitin' on a Woman" (2008).

Name dispute [link]

William Harold Fenrick of Platteville, Wisconsin, legally changed his name to Andrew Jackson Griffith and ran unsuccessfully for sheriff of Grant County in November 2006. Subsequently, actor Griffith filed a lawsuit against Griffith/Fenrick, asserting that he violated trademark, copyright, and privacy laws by changing his name for the "sole purpose of taking advantage of Griffith's notoriety in an attempt to gain votes". On May 4, 2007, US District Court Judge John C. Shabaz ruled that Griffith/Fenrick did not violate federal trademark law because he did not use the Griffith name in a commercial transaction but instead strove "to seek elective office, fundamental First Amendment protected speech."^[12]

Associations [link]

R.G. Armstrong [link]

The longest association Griffith has had began in 1949 with a then-unknown actor, R.G. Armstrong. They met when Armstrong was one of Griffith's and his first wife's students at UNC, where Armstrong majored in drama. After graduating from college, Armstrong went on to become a versatile character actor while attending The Actors Studio in New York City.

In the 1960s, they were reunited in an episode of The Andy Griffith Show, with Armstrong playing a farmer who was the father of a tomboy. In the 1980s, Armstrong made a guest appearance in a two-part episode of Matlock, which was filmed in Wilmington, North Carolina, playing the role of a sheriff who introduces Matlock to a young, hotshot private investigator. Griffith and Armstrong keep in contact.

Don Knotts [link]

Griffith's relationship with Knotts began in 1955, when they co-starred in the Broadway play No Time for Sergeants. Several years later, Knotts had a regular role on The Andy Griffith Show for five seasons. Knotts left the series in 1965 but periodically returned for guest appearances. He appeared in the pilot for Griffith's subsequent short-lived series, The New Andy Griffith Show, and he had a recurring role on Matlock, from 1988 to 1992.

They kept in contact until Knotts' death in early 2006. Griffith traveled from his Manteo, North Carolina home to Los Angeles, California, to visit a terminally ill Knotts in the hospital just before Knotts died from complications of lung cancer.^[13]

Ron Howard [link]

Griffith's friendship with Howard began in 1960, when they guest-starred in the episode of Make Room For Daddy that led to the formation of The Andy Griffith Show that same year. For eight seasons they shared a unique father-son relationship on the set. They guest-starred together in its spin-off series, Mayberry R.F.D., in an episode where Griffith's character married his long-time girlfriend. They also appeared in the episode Opie's Ill-Gotten Gain, in which Howard's character, Opie, runs away from home and attempts to enlist in the US Marines. Howard and Griffith starred together in most of "The Andy Griffith Show" episodes. They costarred in the television special Return to Mayberry (1986), in which the now-adult Opie is about to become a father, and they later appeared together in CBS reunion specials in 1993 and 2003.

Griffith made a surprise appearance as the ghost of Andy Taylor when Howard hosted Saturday Night Live in 1982. Howard did not make any cameo appearances on Matlock, but his mother, Jean Speegle Howard, had a small role in one episode. Howard attended the People's Choice Awards in 1987, where Griffith was honored.

Howard and Griffith keep in contact sharing news about family and personal activities. Howard and his family attended Waitress (2007), which they reportedly enjoyed.^{[citation needed]} To this day, Griffith still calls Howard by his childhood nickname, Ronny.

In October 2008, Griffith and Howard briefly reprised their Mayberry roles in an online video Ron Howard’s Call to Action. It was posted to comedy video website Funny or Die. The video encouraged people to vote and endorsed Democratic candidates Barack Obama and Joe Biden.^[14]

Personal life [link]

Marriage and family [link]

Griffith and Barbara Bray Edwards were married on August 22, 1949, and they adopted a son, Andrew Samuel Griffith Jr. (born in 1957 and known as Sam Griffith), a real-estate developer, and a daughter, Dixie Nan. They were divorced in 1972. Sam died in 1996 after years of alcoholism.^[15]

He and Cindi Knight were married on April 12, 1983; they had met when he was filming Murder in Coweta County.

Political activities [link]

In addition to his online video with Howard in 2008, in politics Griffith has favored Democrats and recorded television commercials endorsing North Carolina Governors Mike Easley^[16] and Bev Perdue.^[17] He spoke at the inauguration ceremonies of both.^[18]^[19] In 1984, he declined an offer by Democratic party officials to run against Jesse Helms, a US Senator from North Carolina.^{[citation needed]}

In July 2010, he also starred in ads about Medicare.^[20]

Health [link]

Griffith's first serious health problem was in April 1983, when he was diagnosed with Guillain-Barré syndrome^[21]^[22] and could not walk for seven months because of paralysis from the knees down.

On May 9, 2000, he underwent quadruple heart-bypass surgery at Sentara Norfolk General Hospital in Norfolk, Virginia.^[23] After a fall, Griffith underwent hip surgery on September 5, 2007, at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles.^[24]

Albums [link]

Andy and Cleopatra on Capitol Records - T 2066, (1964)
What it Was, Was Football (as Deacon Andy Griffith) on Capitol Records - EAP 1-498, (1953)
Just for Laughs (1958)
Shouts the Blues and Old Timey Songs (1959) (album includes a guest appearance by bluesmen Brownie McGhee and Sonny Terry).
Somebody Bigger Than You and I (1972)
American Originals (1993)
Precious Memories: 33 Timeless Hymns (1995)
I Love to Tell the Story: 25 Timeless Hymns (1996)
Sings Favorite Old-Time Songs (1997)

Just as I Am: 30 Favorite Old Time Hymns (1998)
Wit & Wisdom of Andy Griffith (1998)
Favorite Old Time Songs (2000)
Absolutely the Best (2002)
Back to Back Hits (2003)
The Christmas Guest (2003)
Bound for the Promised Land: The Best of Andy Griffith Hymns (2005)
The Collection (2005)
Pickin' and Grinnin': The Best of Andy Griffith (2005)

Filmography [link]

Features [link]

Gramps (1995)^[25]
Spy Hard (1996)
Daddy and Them (2001)
The Very First Noel (2006) (voice)
Waitress (2007)
Christmas Is Here Again (2007) (voice)
Play the Game (2008)

Short subjects [link]

Rowan & Martin at the Movies (1968)
What It Was, Was Football (1997)

Waitin' on a Woman (music video by Brad Paisley featuring Griffith) (2008)

Television work [link]

The Andy Griffith Show (1960–1968)
The Headmaster (1970–1971)
The New Andy Griffith Show (1971; cancelled after 13 episodes)
The Strangers In 7A (1972)
Go Ask Alice (1973)
Pray for the Wildcats (1974)
Winter Kill (1974)
Savages (1974)
Adams of Eagle Lake (1975; cancelled after two episodes)
Street Killing (1976)
Six Characters in Search of an Author (1976)
Frosty's Winter Wonderland (1976) (voice)
Washington: Behind Closed Doors (1977)
The Girl in the Empty Grave (1977)
Deadly Game (1977)
Centennial (1978; miniseries)
Salvage 1 (1979; cancelled after 20 episodes)

From Here to Eternity (1979; miniseries)
Roots: The Next Generations (1979; miniseries)
The Yeagers (1980; cancelled after two episodes)
Murder in Texas (1981)
For Lovers Only (1982)
Murder in Coweta County (1983)
The Demon Murder Case (1983)
Fatal Vision (1984) (miniseries)
Crime of Innocence (1985)
Return to Mayberry (1986)
Matlock (1986–1995)
Under the Influence (1986)
The Gift of Love (1994)
Gramps (1995)
Scattering Dad (1998)
A Holiday Romance (1999)

Honors [link]

Andy Griffith and Julie Adams in 1962

Mount Airy annually celebrates Griffith and his eponymous television series with "Mayberry Days", named after the fictional community of Mayberry in The Andy Griffith Show.^[26]

A statue of the Mayberry characters, Andy and Opie, was constructed in Pullen Park in Raleigh, North Carolina, and at the Andy Griffith Playhouse in Mount Airy.

C.F. Martin & Company, guitar manufacturers, offers an Andy Griffith signature model guitar. Limited edition in 2004 of the D-18 Model with 311 units total production. Patterned after Andy's own 1956 D-18.

Griffith received a Grammy Award for Best Southern, Country or Bluegrass Gospel Album for I Love to Tell the Story — 25 Timeless Hymns in 1997.

In 1999 Griffith was inducted into the Country Gospel Music Hall of Fame with fellow artists Lulu Roman, Barbara Mandrell, David L. Cook, Gary S. Paxton, Jimmy Snow, Loretta Lynn, and Jody Miller.^[27]

In October 2002, an 11-mile (18 km) stretch of US Highway 52 that passes through Mount Airy was dedicated as the Andy Griffith Parkway.

He was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bush on November 9, 2005.^[28]

A few weeks earlier, he had helped preside over the reopening of UNC's Memorial Hall and donated a substantial amount of memorabilia from his career to the university.

In 2007, he was inducted into the Christian Music Hall of Fame and Museum.^[29]

References [link]

^ Press release (September 9, 2005). "Andy Griffith to Donate Personal Collection to UNC’s Southern Historical Collection. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ Andy Griffith Biography (1926-)
^ "Full text of "The Player A Profile Of An Art"". Archive.org. http://www.archive.org/stream/playeraprofileof002609mbp/playeraprofileof002609mbp_djvu.txt. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
^ Collection Number: P0035, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Department of Dramatic Art Photographs and Related Materials, 1911-1970s", University of North Carolina Libraries, accessed January 20, 2012
^ "So This Is Carl Kasell!" by Joanne Kaufman, Wall Street Journal, Dec. 18, 2007 (accessed March 21, 2011) [1]
^ CarolinaFan.com – What It Was, Was Football
^ "details for What It Was, Was Football - Deacon Andy Griffith". Dmdb.org. http://dmdb.org/cgi-bin/plinfo_view.pl?SYN053537. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
^ Database (undated). "No Time for Sergeants". Internet Broadway Database. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ "No Time for Sergeants: Information from". Answers.com. http://www.answers.com/topic/no-time-for-sergeants-1. Retrieved 2011-12-11.
^ Database (undated). "Full Cast and Crew for Mayberry R.F.D.. Internet Movie Database. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ RIAA Gold & Platinum (May 21, 2010)
^ "Andy Griffith Sues Former Wisconsin Sheriff's Candidate". WEAU.com. http://www.weau.com/home/headlines/4621396.html. Retrieved 2 April 2011.
^ Collins, Scott (February 25, 2006). "Don Knotts, Star of 'The Andy Griffith Show,' Dead at 81 — Knotts Died Friday Night of Pulmonary and Respiratory Complications at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Beverly Hills". The Los Angeles Times (via The Morning Call). Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ online video
^ Van Derbeken, Jaxon (January 18, 1996)."Andy Griffith's Son Dies after Battling Alcoholism" Los Angeles Daily News (hosted by TheFreeLibrary.com). Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ Ryanteaguebeckwith (June 21, 2008). "What It Was, Was a Debate". Blog at The News & Observer. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ Ryanteaguebeck (October 27, 2008). Andy also recorded commercials with ron Howard endorsing the candidacy of Barack Obama in 2008 "Perdue's 'Whistling' Ad from Griffith". (includes video; requires Adobe Flash). Blog at The News & Observer. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ Johnson, Mark (January 7, 2009). "Yes, Andy Will Be There". Blog at The News & Observer. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ Bniolet (January 10, 2009). "Oh, the Places You'll Govern". Blog at The News & Observer. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ "CBS News". http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503544_162-20012216-503544.html.
^ "Andy Griffith in Hospital". The Pittsburgh Press. May 17, 1983. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=4RshAAAAIBAJ&sjid=F2EEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6074,203520&dq=guillain+barre+andy+griffith&hl=en. Retrieved 2010-09-11.
^ "Andy Griffith recovering from Ailment". Lodi News-Sentinel. May 18, 1983. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=INkzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=IDIHAAAAIBAJ&pg=5377,2030872&hl=en. Retrieved 2010-09-11.
^ "Andy Griffith recovering from heart attack, bypass surgery". The Tuscaloosa News. June 14, 2000. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=PcodAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RKYEAAAAIBAJ&pg=6868,2837711&dq=andy+griffith+bypass&hl=en. Retrieved 2010-09-11.
^ Griffith has hip surgery
^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0113206/
^ Staff writer (undated). "20th Annual Mayberry Days — Thursday–Sunday, September 24–27, 2009". Mount Airy Chamber of Commerce & Mount Airy Visitors Center. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ Table (undated). "Hall of Fame Inductees". Country Gospel Music Hall of Fame. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ Press release (November 9, 2005). "Citations for Recipients of the 2005 Presidential Medal of Freedom". Office of the Press Secretary, White House. Accessed January 14, 2010.
^ Table (undated). "Listed Below are the 2007 Hall of Fame Inductees". Christian Music Hall of Fame. Accessed January 14, 2010.

External links [link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Andy Griffith

Andy Griffith at the Internet Movie Database
Andy Griffith at the Internet Broadway Database
Discography at CMT.com
Inventory of the Andy Griffith Papers, 1949–1997, in the Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
"Judge: Wis'. 'Andy Griffith' Did Not Harm Actor"^{[dead link]}, news report by The Associated Press on the May 2007 ruling in favor of William Harold Fenrick.
"What It Was, Was Football", includes links to audio of the routine and Mad magazine treatment.
Fans created replica of Sheriff Andy Taylor's Mayberry home for B&B
Taylor home replica inn
Beckwith, Ryan Teague (December 27, 2007). "Andy Griffith", profile at The News & Observer. Accessed November 12, 2009.
Andy Griffith Archive of American Television Interview

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Geraldine Ferraro

Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 9th district
In office January 3, 1979 – January 3, 1985
Preceded by	James Delaney
Succeeded by	Thomas J. Manton
United States Ambassador to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights
In office 1993–1996
President	Bill Clinton
Preceded by	Armando Valladares
Succeeded by	Nancy Rubin
Personal details
Born	Geraldine Anne Ferraro (1935-08-26)August 26, 1935 Newburgh, New York
Died	March 26, 2011(2011-03-26) (aged 75) Boston, Massachusetts
Political party	Democratic
Spouse(s)	John Zaccaro (m. 1960–2011, her death)
Children	Donna (born 1962) John Jr. (born 1964) Laura (born 1966)
Alma mater	Marymount Manhattan College Fordham University School of Law
Occupation	Lawyer
Religion	Roman Catholic
Signature

Geraldine Anne Ferraro (August 26, 1935 – March 26, 2011) was an American attorney, a Democratic Party politician, and a member of the United States House of Representatives. She was the first female Vice Presidential candidate representing a major American political party.

Ferraro grew up in New York City and became a teacher and lawyer. She joined the Queens County District Attorney's Office in 1974, where she headed the new Special Victims Bureau that dealt with sex crimes, child abuse, and domestic violence. She was elected to the House in 1978, where she rose rapidly in the party hierarchy while focusing on legislation to bring equity for women in the areas of wages, pensions, and retirement plans. In 1984, former Vice President and presidential candidate Walter Mondale selected Ferraro to be his running mate in the upcoming election. In doing so she became the only Italian American to be a major-party national nominee in addition to being the first woman. The positive polling the Mondale-Ferraro ticket received when she joined faded as questions about her and her husband's finances arose. In the general election, Mondale and Ferraro were defeated in a landslide by incumbent President Ronald Reagan and Vice President George H. W. Bush.

Ferraro ran campaigns for a seat in the United States Senate from New York in 1992 and 1998, both times starting as the front-runner for her party's nomination before losing in the primary election. She served as a United States Ambassador to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights from 1993 until 1996, in the presidential administration of Bill Clinton. She also continued her career as a journalist, author, and businesswoman, and served in the 2008 presidential campaign of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton. Ferraro died on March 26, 2011, from multiple myeloma, 12 years after being diagnosed.

1 Early life and education
2 Family, lawyer, prosecutor
3 House of Representatives
4 1984 Vice-Presidential candidacy
5 First Senate run and ambassadorship
6 Commentator and second Senate run
7 Business career, illness and medical activism
8 2008 presidential campaign involvement
9 Final year, death and tributes
10 Awards and honors
11 Electoral history
12 Notes
13 Bibliography
14 External links

Early life and education [link]

Narrow, red three-story house with turret

Ferraro lived in this building in Newburgh until she was ten.

Ferraro was born in Newburgh, New York,^[1] the daughter of Antonetta L. Ferraro (née Corrieri), a first-generation Italian American seamstress, and Dominick Ferraro, an Italian immigrant and owner of two restaurants.^[2]^[3]^[4] She had three brothers born before her, but one died in infancy and another at age three.^[4] Ferraro attended the parochial school Mount Saint Mary's in Newburgh when she was young.^[5] Her father died of a heart attack in May 1944, when she was eight.^[6] Ferraro's mother soon invested and lost the remainder of the family's money, forcing the family to move to a low-income area in the South Bronx while Ferraro's mother worked in the garment industry to support them.^[1]^[4]^[7]

Ferraro stayed on at Mount Saint Mary's as a boarder for a while, then briefly attended a parochial school in the South Bronx.^[8] Beginning in 1947, she attended and lived at the parochial Marymount Academy in Tarrytown, New York, using income from a family rental property in Italy and skipping seventh grade.^[8]^[9] At Marymount Ferraro was a member of the honor society, active in several clubs and sports, voted most likely to succeed,^[4] and graduated in 1952.^[10] Her mother was adamant that she get a full education,^[11] despite an uncle in the family saying, "Why bother? She's pretty. She's a girl. She'll get married."^[12] Ferraro attended Marymount Manhattan College with a scholarship^[4] while sometimes holding two or three jobs at the same time.^[13] During her senior year she began dating John Zaccaro of Forest Hills, Queens, who had graduated from Iona College with a commission in the U.S. Marine Corps.^[14] Ferraro received a Bachelor of Arts in English in 1956;^[7] she was the first woman in her family to gain a college degree.^[14] She also passed the city exam to become a licensed school teacher.^[14]

Ferraro began working as an elementary school teacher in public schools in Astoria, Queens,^[1]^[7] "because that's what women were supposed to do."^[4] Unsatisfied, she decided to attend law school;^[4] an admissions officer said to her, "I hope you're serious, Gerry. You're taking a man's place, you know."^[15] She earned a Juris Doctor degree with honors from Fordham University School of Law in 1960,^[10]^[16] going to classes at night while continuing to work as a second-grade teacher at schools such as P.S. 57 during the day.^[1]^[7]^[17] Ferraro was one of only two women in her graduating class of 179.^[16] She was admitted to the bar of New York State in March 1961.^[16]

Family, lawyer, prosecutor [link]

Ferraro became engaged to Zaccaro in August 1959^[9] and married him on July 16, 1960.^[18] He became a realtor and businessman.^[7] She kept her birth name professionally, as a way to honor her mother for having supported the family after her father's death,^[1]^[2] but used his name in parts of her private life.^[19] The couple had three children, Donna (born 1962), John Jr. (born 1964), and Laura (born 1966).^[18] They lived in Forest Hills Gardens, Queens, and in 1971, added a vacation house in Saltaire on Fire Island.^[20]^[21] They would buy a condominium in Saint Croix in the U.S. Virgin Islands in 1983.^[20]^[22]

While raising the children, Ferraro worked part-time as a civil lawyer in her husband's real estate firm for 13 years.^[16] She also occasionally worked for other clients and did some pro bono work for women in family court.^[23]^[24] She spent time at local Democratic clubs, which allowed her to maintain contacts within the legal profession and become involved in local politics and campaigns.^[23] While organizing community opposition to a proposed building, Ferraro met lawyer and Democratic figure Mario Cuomo, who became a political mentor.^[25] In 1970, she was elected president of the Queens County Women's Bar Association.^[26]^[27]

Ferraro's first full-time political job came in January 1974, when she was appointed Assistant District Attorney for Queens County, New York,^[28] by her cousin, District Attorney Nicholas Ferraro.^[16] At the time, women prosecutors in the city were uncommon.^[16] Grumblings that she was the beneficiary of nepotism were countered by her being rated as qualified by a screening committee and by her early job performance in the Investigations Bureau.^[16] The following year, Ferraro was assigned to the new Special Victims Bureau, which prosecuted cases involving rape, child abuse, spouse abuse, and domestic violence.^[16]^[28] She was named head of the unit in 1977, with two other assistant district attorneys assigned to her.^[16] In this role, she became a strong advocate for abused children.^[28] She was admitted to the U.S. Supreme Court Bar in 1978.^[27]

As part of the D.A. office, Ferraro worked long hours, and gained a reputation for being a tough prosecutor but fair in plea negotiations.^[16] Although her unit was supposed to turn cases over for court handling, she conducted some trials herself, and juries were persuaded by the summations she gave.^[16] Ferraro was upset to discover that her superior was paying her less than equivalent male colleagues because she was a married woman and already had a husband.^[23] Moreover, Ferraro found the nature of the cases she dealt with debilitating;^[1] the work left her "drained and angry" and she developed an ulcer.^[29] She grew frustrated that she was unable to deal with root causes, and talked about running for legislative office;^[16] Cuomo, now Secretary of State of New York, suggested the United States Congress.^[30]

House of Representatives [link]

Ferraro ran for election to the U.S. House of Representatives from New York's 9th Congressional District in Queens in 1978, after longtime Democratic incumbent James Delaney announced his retirement.^[31] The location for the television series All in the Family, the district was known for its ethnic composition and conservative views.^[1] In a three-candidate primary race for the Democratic nomination, Ferraro faced two better-known rivals, the party organization candidate, City Councilman Thomas J. Manton and Patrick Deignan.^[31]^[32]^[33] Her main issues were law and order, support for the elderly, and neighborhood preservation.^[23] She labeled herself a "'small c' conservative"^[1] and emphasized that she was not a bleeding-heart liberal; her campaign slogan was "Finally, A Tough Democrat".^[34] Her Italian heritage also appealed to ethnic residents in the district.^[23] She won the three-way primary with 53 percent of the vote, and then captured the general election as well, defeating Republican Alfred A. DelliBovi by a 10-percentage-point margin in a contest in which dealing with crime was the major issue and personal attacks by DelliBovi were frequent.^[23]^[31] She had been aided by $130,000 in campaign loans and donations from her own family, including $110,000 in loans from Zaccaro, of which only $4,000 was legal.^[35]^[36] The source and nature of these transactions were declared illegal by the Federal Election Commission shortly before the primary, causing Ferraro to pay back the loans in October 1978, via several real estate transactions.^[35] In 1979, the campaign and Zaccaro paid $750 in fines for civil violations of election law.^[35]

File:FerraroHouseForestHillsGardens.jpg

Ferraro and her family lived in this house in Forest Hills Gardens, Queens, during her time in the House, her vice-presidential campaign, and until the early 2000s.

Despite being a newcomer to the House, Ferraro made a vivid impression upon arrival^[37] and quickly found prominence.^[7] She became a protégé of House Speaker Tip O'Neil,^[38] established a rapport with other House Democratic leaders,^[28] and rose rapidly in the party hierarchy.^[1] She was elected to be the Secretary of the House Democratic Caucus for 1981–1983 and again for 1983–1985;^[39] this entitled her to a seat on the influential Steering and Policy Committee.^[28] In 1983, she was named to the powerful House Budget Committee.^[28] She also served on the Public Works and Transportation Committee^[1] and the Post Office and Civil Service Committee,^[40] both of which allowed Ferraro to push through projects to benefit her district.^[41] Male colleagues viewed her with respect as someone who was tough and ambitious.^[37]

Ferraro was active in Democratic presidential politics as well. She served as one of the deputy chairs for the 1980 Carter-Mondale campaign.^[12]^[37] Following the election, she served actively on the Hunt Commission that in 1982, rewrote the Democratic delegate selection rules; Ferraro was credited as having been the prime agent behind the creation of superdelegates.^[37] By 1983, she was regarded as one of the up-and-coming stars of the party.^[12]^[36] She was the Chairwoman of the Platform Committee for the 1984 Democratic National Convention, the first woman to hold that position.^[7] There she held multiple hearings around the country and further gained in visibility.^[1]

While in Congress, Ferraro focused much of her legislative attention on equity for women in the areas of wages, pensions, and retirement plans.^[28] She was a cosponsor of the 1981 Economic Equity Act.^[28] On the House Select Committee on Aging, she concentrated on the problems of elderly women.^[28] In 1984, she championed a pension equity law revision that would improve the benefits of people who left work for long periods and then returned, a typical case for women with families.^[42] The Reagan administration, at first lukewarm to the measure, decided to sign it to gain the benefits of its popular appeal.^[42]

As with many representatives, Ferraro issued regular newsletters to her constituents.

Ferraro also worked on some environmental issues. During 1980, she tried to prevent the federal government from gaining the power to override local laws on hazardous materials transportation, an effort she continued in subsequent years.^[43]^[44] In August 1984, she led passage of a Superfund renewal bill and attacked the Reagan administration's handling of environmental site cleanups.^[45]

Ferraro took a congressional trip to Nicaragua at the start of 1984, where she spoke to the Contras.^[46] She decided that the Reagan Administration's military interventions there and in El Salvador were counterproductive towards reaching U.S. security goals, and that regional negotiations would be better.^[46]

In all, Ferraro served three two-year terms, being re-elected in 1980 and 1982.^[10] Her vote shares increased to 58 percent and then 73 percent and much of her funding came from political action committees.^[23] While Ferraro's pro-choice views conflicted with those of many of her constituents as well as the Catholic Church to which she belonged, her positions on other social and foreign policy issues were in alignment with the district.^[28] She broke with her party in favoring an anti-busing amendment to the Constitution.^[40]^[47] She supported deployment of the Pershing II missile and the Trident submarine, although she opposed funding for the MX missile, the B-1B bomber, and the Strategic Defense Initiative.^[47]

While in the House, Ferraro's political self-description evolved to "moderate".^[1] In 1982, she said her experiences as assistant district attorney had changed some of her views: "... because no matter how concerned I am about spending, I have seen first hand what poverty can do to people's lives and I just can't, in good conscience, not do something about it."^[16] For her six years in Congress, Ferraro had an average 78 percent "Liberal Quotient" from Americans for Democratic Action^[48] and an average 8 percent rating from the American Conservative Union.^[49] The AFL-CIO's Committee on Political Education gave her an average approval rating of 91 percent.^[41]

1984 Vice-Presidential candidacy [link]

As the 1984 U.S. presidential election primary season neared its end and Walter Mondale became the likely Democratic nominee, the idea of picking a woman as his vice-presidential running mate gained considerable momentum.^[50] The National Organization for Women and the National Women's Political Caucus pushed the notion, as did several top Democratic figures such as Speaker Tip O'Neill.^[50] Women mentioned for the role included Ferraro and Mayor of San Francisco Dianne Feinstein,^[51] both of whom were on Mondale's five-person short list.^[52]

Mondale selected Ferraro to be his Vice-Presidential candidate on July 12, 1984. She stated, "I am absolutely thrilled."^[53] The Mondale campaign hoped that her selection would change a campaign in which he was well behind; in addition to attracting women, they hoped she could attract ethnic Democrats in the Northeast U.S. who had abandoned their party for Reagan in 1980.^[34]^[40] In turn, Mondale accepted the risk that came with her inexperience.^[54]

As Ferraro was the first woman to run on a major party national ticket in the U.S.,^[55] and the first Italian American, her July 19 nomination at the 1984 Democratic National Convention was one of the most emotional moments of that gathering, with female delegates appearing joyous and proud at the historic occasion.^[56] In her acceptance speech, Ferraro said, "The daughter of an immigrant from Italy has been chosen to run for vice president in the new land my father came to love."^[57] Convention attendees were in tears during the speech, not just for its significance for women but for all those who had immigrated to America.^[58]

File:FerraroMondaleFlyer.jpg

A flyer advertised a post-convention Queens Borough Hall rally, for Ferraro to introduce Mondale to New York City voters.

Ferraro gained immediate, large-scale media attention.^[59] At first, journalists focused on her novelty as a woman and her poor family background, and their coverage was overwhelmingly favorable.^[60] Nevertheless, Ferraro faced many press questions about her foreign policy inexperience, and responded by discussing her attention to foreign and national security issues in Congress.^[59] She faced a threshold of proving competence that other high-level female political figures have had to face, especially those who might become commander-in-chief; the question "Are you tough enough?" was often directed to her.^[61] Ted Koppel questioned her closely about nuclear strategy^[62] and during Meet the Press she was asked, "Do you think that in any way the Soviets might be tempted to try to take advantage of you simply because you are a woman?"^[63]

The choice of Ferraro was viewed as a gamble, and pundits were uncertain whether it would result in a net gain or loss of votes for the Mondale campaign.^[64] While her choice was popular among Democratic activists, polls immediately after the announcement showed that only 22 percent of women were excited about Ferraro's selection, versus 18 percent who agreed that it was a "bad idea". By a three-to-one margin, voters thought that pressure from women's groups had led to Mondale's decision rather than his having chosen the best available candidate.^[65] Nonetheless, in the days after the convention Ferraro proved an effective campaigner, with a brash and confident style that forcefully criticized the Reagan administration and sometimes almost overshadowed Mondale.^[34]^[56]^[57] Mondale had been 16 points behind Reagan in polls before the pick, and after the convention he pulled even for a short time.^[53]

By the last week of July, however, questions—due initially to reporting by The New York Times^[36]—began about Ferraro's finances, the finances of her husband, John Zaccaro, and their separately filed tax returns.^[35] (While the Mondale campaign had anticipated some questions, it had only spent 48 hours on vetting Ferraro's family's finances.^[36]^[66]) This was also the first time the American media had to deal with a national candidate's husband.^[62] Ferraro said she would release both their returns within a month, but maintained she was correct not to have included her husband's financial holdings on her past annual Congressional disclosure statements.^[35] The media also reported on the FEC's past investigation into Ferraro's 1978 campaign funds.^[35] Although Ferraro and Zaccaro's finances were often interwoven on paper,^[22] with each half partners in Zaccaro's company,^[36] Ferraro had little knowledge of his business, or even how much he was worth.^[67] Zaccaro did not understand the greater public exposure that his wife's new position brought to their family, and resisted releasing his financial information.^[67] On August 12, Ferraro announced that her husband would not in fact be releasing his tax returns, on the grounds that to do so would disadvantage his real estate business and that such a disclosure was voluntary and not part of election law.^[68] She joked, "You people who are married to Italian men, you know what it's like",^[69] angering fellow Italian Americans.^[30]

The announcement dominated television and newspapers;^[70] Ferraro was besieged by questions regarding the finances^[71] as well as criticism for ethnic stereotyping.^[69] As she later wrote, "I had created a monster."^[69] Republicans saw her finances as a "genderless" issue that they could attack Ferraro with without creating a backlash,^[68] and some Mondale staffers thought Ferraro might have to leave the ticket.^[67] The Philadelphia Inquirer went even further in its investigations, seeking to link Zaccaro to organized crime figures, but most publishers avoided this topic and law enforcement officials did not treat the allegations with much seriousness.^[72] A week after her previous statement, Ferraro said Zaccaro had changed his mind and would indeed release his tax records,^[71] which was done on August 20.^[73] The full statements included notice of payment of some $53,000 in back federal taxes that she owed due to what was described as an accountant's error.^[73] Ferraro said the statements proved overall that she had nothing to hide and that there had been no financial wrongdoing.^[73] The disclosures indicated that Ferraro and her husband were worth nearly $4 million, had a full-time maid, and owned a boat and the two vacation homes.^[30] Much of their wealth was tied up in real estate rather than being disposable income,^[20] but the disclosures hurt Ferraro's image as a rags-to-riches story.^[30]

Ferraro's strong performance at an August 22 press conference covering the final disclosure—where she answered all questions for two hours—effectively ended the issue for the remainder of the campaign, but significant damage had been done.^[74]^[75] No campaign issue during the entire 1984 presidential campaign received more media attention than Ferraro's finances.^[70] The exposure diminished Ferraro's rising stardom, removed whatever momentum the Mondale–Ferraro ticket gained out of the convention, and delayed formation of a coherent message for the fall campaign.^[34]^[56]^[74]

Ferraro was criticized by name by Cardinal John O'Connor, the Catholic Archbishop of New York, and James Timlin, the Bishop of Scranton, for misrepresenting the Catholic Church's position on abortion.^[76]^[77]^[78] Ferraro wrote in a 1982 briefing for Congress that, "the Catholic position on abortion is not monolithic and there can be a range of personal and political responses to the issue."^[79]^[80] Sharp criticism from Church authorities put Ferraro on the defensive during the entire campaign, with abortion opponents frequently protesting her appearances with a level of fervor not usually encountered by pro-choice Catholic male candidates such as Mario Cuomo and Ted Kennedy.^[30]^[81]^[82] Nevertheless, Ferraro resumed her role as a strong campaigner, taking on the traditional running mate role of attacking the opposition vigorously; she was criticized for saying that Reagan was not a "good Christian" because, Ferraro said, his policies hurt the poor.^[30] To defend Ferraro, the pro-choice group Catholics for a Free Choice placed an October 7, 1984, full-page ad in The New York Times titled "A Catholic Statement on Pluralism and Abortion".^[79]

Ferraro drew large crowds on the campaign trail, many of whom wished to see the history making candidate in person, who often chanted, "Ger-ry! Ger-ry!"^[83] Mondale and Ferraro rarely touched during their appearances together, to the point that he would not even place his palm on her back when they stood side-by-side; Ferraro later said this was because anything more and "people were afraid that it would look like, 'Oh, my God, they're dating.'".^[84]

There was one vice-presidential debate between Congresswoman Ferraro and Vice President George H. W. Bush. Held on October 11, the result was proclaimed mostly even by the press and historians;^[57]^[85] women voters tended to think Ferraro had won, while men, Bush.^[82] At it, Ferraro criticized Reagan's initial refusal to support an extension to the Voting Rights Act.^[86] Her experience was questioned at the debate and she was asked how her three terms in Congress stacked up with Bush's experience.^[86] To one Bush statement she said, "Let me just say first of all, that I almost resent, Vice President Bush, your patronizing attitude that you have to teach me about foreign policy."^[57] She strongly defended her position on abortion, which earned her applause and a respectful reply from her opponent.^[86] In the days leading up to the debate, Second Lady of the United States Barbara Bush had publicly referred to Ferraro as "that four-million-dollar—I can't say it, but it rhymes with 'rich'."^[87] Barbara Bush soon apologized.^[87] Ferraro's womanhood was consistently discussed during the campaign; one study found that a quarter of newspaper articles written about her contained gendered language.^[88]

On October 18 the New York Post accurately reported that her father had been arrested for possession of numbers slips in Newburgh shortly before his death, and inaccurately speculated that something mysterious had been covered up about that death.^[89] Ferraro's mother had never told her about his arrest;^[89] she had been also arrested as an accomplice but released after her husband's death.^[30] The printing of the story led Ferraro to state that Post publisher Rupert Murdoch "does not have the worth to wipe the dirt under [my mother's] shoes."^[90] Ferraro continued to campaign, by the end traveling more than Mondale and more than Reagan and Bush combined.^[91]

On November 6, Mondale and Ferraro lost the general election in a landslide. They received only 41 percent of the popular vote compared to Reagan and Bush's 59 percent, and in the Electoral College won only Mondale's home state of Minnesota and the District of Columbia.^[92] Ferraro failed to carry her own congressional district, which always tended to vote Republican in presidential races.^[93] Ferraro's presence on the ticket had little measurable effect overall.^[82] Reagan captured 55 percent of women voters^[93] and about the same share of Catholic voters, the latter being the highest level yet for a Republican presidential candidate.^[94] Of the tenth of voters who decided based on the vice-presidential candidates, 54 percent went to Mondale–Ferraro,^[82] establishing that Ferraro provided a net gain to the Democrats of 0.8 percent.^[95] Reagan's personal appeal and campaign themes of prosperity and "It's morning again in America" were quite strong,^[96] and political observers generally agree that no combination of Democrats could have won the election in 1984.^[56] Mondale himself would later reflect that "I knew that I was in for it with Reagan" and that he had no regrets about choosing Ferraro.^[97]

After the election, the House Ethics Committee found that Ferraro had technically violated the Ethics in Government Act by failing to report, or reporting incorrectly, details of her family's finances, and that she should have reported her husband's holdings on her Congressional disclosure forms.^[98]^[99] However, the committee concluded that she had acted without "deceptive intent", and since she was leaving Congress anyway, no action against her was taken.^[98]^[99] Ferraro said, "I consider myself completely vindicated."^[99] The scrutiny of her husband and his business dealings presaged a trend that women candidates would face in American electoral politics.^[100]

Ferraro is one of only two U.S. women to run on a major party national ticket. The other is Alaska governor Sarah Palin, the 2008 Republican vice-presidential nominee,^[101] whose ticket also lost.

First Senate run and ambassadorship [link]

Ferraro had relinquished her House seat to run for the vice-presidency. Her new-found fame led to an appearance in a Diet Pepsi commercial in 1985.^[3]^[102] She published Ferraro: My Story, an account of the campaign with some of her life leading up to it, in November 1985. It was a best seller and earned her $1 million.^[103] She also earned over $300,000 by giving speeches.^[104] She founded the Americans Concerned for Tomorrow political action committee, which focused on getting ten women candidates elected in the 1986 Congressional elections (eight of whom would be successful).^[105] Despite the one-sided national loss in 1984, Ferraro was still viewed as someone with a bright political future. Many expected her to run in the 1986 United States Senate election in New York against first-term Republican incumbent Al D'Amato,^[103] and during 1985 she did Upstate New York groundwork towards that end.^[106] A senate candidacy had been her original plan for her career, before she was named to Mondale's ticket. But in December 1985, she said she would not run, due to an ongoing U.S. Justice Department probe on her and her husband's finances stemming from the 1984 campaign revelations.^[103]

Members of Ferraro's family were indeed facing legal issues. Her husband John Zaccaro had pleaded guilty in January 1985, to fraudulently obtaining bank financing in a real estate transaction and had been sentenced to 150 hours of community service.^[107] Then in October 1986, he was indicted on unrelated felony charges regarding an alleged 1981 bribery of Queens Borough President Donald Manes concerning a cable television contract.^[108] A full year later, he was acquitted at trial.^[109] The case against him was circumstantial, a key prosecution witness proved unreliable, and the defense did not have to present its own testimony.^[110]^[111] Ferraro said her husband never would have been charged had she not run for vice president.^[111] Meanwhile, in February 1986, the couple's son John had been arrested for possession and sale of cocaine.^[112] He was convicted, and in June 1988, sentenced to four months imprisonment; Ferraro broke down in tears in court relating the stress the episode had placed on her family.^[112] Ferraro worked on an unpublished book about the conflicting rights between a free press and being able to have fair trials.^[113] Asked in September 1987, whether she would have accepted the vice-presidential nomination had she known of all the family problems that would follow, she said, "More than once I have sat down and said to myself, oh, God, I wish I had never gone through with it ... I think the candidacy opened a door for women in national politics, and I don't regret that for one minute. I'm proud of that. But I just wish it could have been done in a different way."^[114]

Ferraro remained active in raising money for Democratic candidates nationwide, especially women candidates.^[105] During the 1988 presidential election, Ferraro served as vice chair of the party's Victory Fund.^[113] She also did some commentating for television.^[113] Ferraro was a fellow at the Harvard Institute of Politics from 1988 to 1992,^[27] teaching in-demand seminars such as "So You Want to be President?"^[105] She also took care of her mother, who suffered from emphysema for several years before her death in early 1990.^[115]

By October 1991, Ferraro was ready to enter elective politics again, and ran for the Democratic nomination in the 1992 United States Senate election in New York.^[116] Her opponents were State Attorney General Robert Abrams, Reverend Al Sharpton, Congressman Robert J. Mrazek, and New York City Comptroller and former Congresswoman Elizabeth Holtzman. Abrams was considered the early front-runner.^[116] The D'Amato campaign feared facing Ferraro the most among these, as her Italian ancestry, effective debating and stump speech skills, and her staunch pro-choice views would eat into several of D'Amato's usual bases of support.^[117] Ferraro emphasized her career as a teacher, prosecutor, congresswoman, and mother, and talked about how she was tough on crime.^[118] Ferraro drew renewed attacks during the primary campaign from the media and her opponents over Zaccaro's finances and business relationships.^[119] She objected that a male candidate would not receive nearly as much attention regarding his wife's activities.^[119] Ferraro became the front-runner, capitalizing on her star power from 1984, and using the campaign attacks against her as an explicitly feminist rallying point for women voters.^[119] As the primary date neared, her lead began to dwindle under the charges, and she released additional tax returns from the 1980s to try to defray the attacks.^[104] Holtzman ran a negative ad accusing Ferraro and Zaccaro of taking more than $300,000 in rent in the 1980s from a pornographer with purported ties to organized crime.^[120] The final debates were nasty, and Holtzman in particular constantly attacked Ferraro's integrity and finances.^[121]^[122] In an unusual election-eve television broadcast, Ferraro talked about "the ethnic slur that I am somehow or other connected to organized crime. There's lots of innuendo but no proof. However, it is made plausible because of the fact that I am an Italian-American. This tactic comes from the poisoned well of fear and stereotype ..."^[123] On the September 15, 1992, primary, Abrams edged out Ferraro by less than a percentage point, winning 37 percent of the vote to 36 percent.^[122] Ferraro did not concede she had lost for two weeks.^[124]

Abrams spent much of the remainder of the campaign trying to get Ferraro's endorsement.^[125] Ferraro, enraged and bitter after the nature of the primary,^[121]^[124] ignored Abrams and accepted Bill Clinton's request to campaign for his presidential bid instead.^[126] She was eventually persuaded by state party leaders into giving an unenthusiastic endorsement with just three days to go before the general election, in exchange for an apology by Abrams for the tone of the primary.^[125] D'Amato won the election by a very narrow margin.^[121] The Ferraro-Holtzman fighting of the campaign was viewed as a disaster by many feminists,^[127] but overall the 1992 U.S. Senate elections saw so many victories that it became known as the "Year of the Woman".

Following the primary loss, Ferraro became a managing partner in the New York office of Keck, Mahin & Cate, a Chicago-based law firm.^[128]^[129] There she organized the office and spoke with clients, but did not actively practice law and left before the firm fell into difficulties.^[129] Ferraro's second book, a collection of her speeches, was titled Changing History: Women, Power and Politics and was published in 1993.^[130]

President Clinton appointed Ferraro as a member of the United States delegation to United Nations Commission on Human Rights in January 1993.^[131] She attended the June 1993 World Conference on Human Rights in Vienna as the alternate U.S. delegate.^[132] Then in October 1993, Clinton promoted her to be United States Ambassador to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights, saying that Ferraro had been "a highly effective voice for the human rights of women around the world."^[133] The Clinton administration named Ferraro vice-chair of the U.S. delegation to the landmark September 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing; in this role she picked a strong team of experts in human rights issues to serve with her.^[134] During her stint on the commission, it for the first time condemned anti-Semitism as a human rights violation,^[135] and also for the first time prevented China from blocking a motion criticizing its human rights record.^[136] Regarding a previous China motion that had failed, Ferraro had told the commission, "Let us do what we were sent here to do—decide important questions of human rights on their merits, not avoid them."^[135] Ferraro held the U.N. position into 1996.^[10]

Commentator and second Senate run [link]

In February 1996, Ferraro joined the high-visibility CNN political talk show Crossfire,^[137] as the co-host representing the "from the left" vantage. She kept her brassy, rapid-fire speech and New York accent intact, and her trial experience from her prosecutor days was a good fit for the program's format.^[138] She sparred effectively with "from the right" co-host Pat Buchanan,^[138] for whom she developed a personal liking.^[139] The show stayed strong in ratings for CNN,^[140] and the job was lucrative.^[102]^[141] She welcomed how the role "keeps me visible [and] keeps me extremely well informed on the issues."^[138]

At the start of 1998, Ferraro left Crossfire and ran for the Democratic nomination again in the 1998 United States Senate election in New York.^[140] The other candidates were Congressman Charles Schumer and New York City Public Advocate Mark J. Green.^[142] She had done no fundraising, out of fear of conflict of interest with her Crossfire job, but was nonetheless immediately perceived as the front-runner.^[142] Indeed, December and January polls had her 25 percentage points ahead of Green in the race and even further ahead of Schumer.^[102]^[143] Unlike the previous campaigns, her family finances never became an issue.^[102] However, she lost ground during the summer, with Schumer catching up in the polls by early August and then soon passing her.^[144] Schumer, a tireless fundraiser, outspent her by a five-to-one margin, and Ferraro failed to establish a political image current with the times.^[102]^[145] In the September 15, 1998 primary, she was beaten soundly by Schumer by a 51 percent to 26 percent margin.^[102] Unlike 1992, the contest was not divisive, and Ferraro and third-place finisher Green endorsed Schumer at a unity breakfast the following day.^[146] Schumer would go on to decisively unseat D'Amato in the general election.

The 1998 primary defeat brought an end to Ferraro's political career. The New York Times wrote at the time: "If Ms. Ferraro's rise was meteoric, her political career's denouement was protracted, often agonizing and, at first glance, baffling."^[102] She still retained admirers, though. Anita Perez Ferguson, president of the National Women's Political Caucus, noted that female New York political figures in the past had been reluctant to enter the state's notoriously fierce primary races, and said: "This woman has probably been more of an opinion maker than most people sitting for six terms straight in the House of Representatives or Senate. Her attempts, and even her losses, have accomplished far beyond what others have accomplished by winning."^[102]

Business career, illness and medical activism [link]

In 1980, Ferraro co-founded the National Organization of Italian American Women,^[147] which sought to support the educational and professional goals of its members and put forward positive role models in order to fight ethnic stereotyping,^[148] and was still a distinguished member of its board at the time of her death.^[149] Ferraro was connected with many other political and non-profit organizations. She was a board member of the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs,^[150] and a member of the Council on Foreign Relations.^[27] She became president of the newly established International Institute for Women's Political Leadership in 1989.^[151] In 1992, she was on the founding board of Project Vote Smart.^[152] By 1993, she was serving on the Fordham Law School Board of Visitors, as well as on the boards of the National Breast Cancer Research Fund, the New York Easter Seal Society, and the Pension Rights Center, and was one of hundreds of public figures on the Planned Parenthood Federation of America's Board of Advocates.^[27]^[128] In 1999, she joined the board of the Bertarelli Foundation,^[153] and in 2003, the board of the National Women's Health Resource Center.^[154] During the 2000s she was on the board of advisors to the Committee to Free Lori Berenson.^[155]

Framing a Life: A Family Memoir was published by Ferraro in November 1998. It depicts the life story of her mother and immigrant grandmother; it also portrays the rest of her family, and is a memoir of her early life, but includes relatively little about her political career.^[156]

Ferraro had felt unusually tired at the end of her second senate campaign.^[157] In November 1998, she was diagnosed with multiple myeloma, a form of blood cancer where plasma cells secrete abnormal antibodies known as Bence-Jones proteins, which can cause bones to disintegrate and dump toxic amounts of calcium into the bloodstream.^[158] She did not publicly disclose the illness until June 2001, when she went to Washington to successfully press in Congressional hearings for passage of the Hematological Cancer Research Investment and Education Act.^[158] A portion of the Act created the Geraldine Ferraro Cancer Education Program, which directs the U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services to establish an education program for patients of blood cancers and the general public.^[159] Ferraro became a frequent speaker on the disease,^[160] and an avid supporter and honorary board member of the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation.^[158]

Though initially given only three to five years to live, by virtue of several new drug therapies and a bone marrow transplant in 2005,^[158] she would beat the disease's Stage 1 survival mean of 62 months by over a factor of two.^[161] Her advocacy helped make the new treatments approved and available for others as well.^[162] For much of the last decade of her life, Ferraro was not in remission, but the disease was managed by continually adjusting her treatments.^[157]

Ferraro joined Fox News Channel as a regular political commentator in October 1999.^[163] By 2005, she was making sporadic appearances on the channel,^[160] which continued into 2007, and beyond.^[158] She partnered with Laura Ingraham, starting in December 1999, in writing the alternate-weeks column "Campaign Countdown" on the 2000 presidential election for The New York Times Syndicate.^[164] During the 2000s, Ferraro was an affiliated faculty member at the Georgetown Public Policy Institute.^[165]

File:Pelosi clinton graves ferraro.jpg

Ferraro (left) marked Women's History Month in March 2003, with Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton, House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi, and opera singer Denyce Graves.

In January 2000, Ferraro and Lynn Martin—a former Republican Congresswoman and U.S. Secretary of Labor who had played Ferraro in George H. W. Bush's debate preparations in 1984^[166]—co-founded, and served as co-presidents of, G&L Strategies, a management consulting firm underneath Weber McGinn.^[167] Its goal was to advise corporations on how to develop more women leaders and make their workplaces more amenable to female employees.^[166] G&L Strategies subsequently became part of Golin Harris International.^[168] In June 2003, Ferraro was made executive vice president and managing director of the public affairs practice of the Global Consulting Group,^[168] an international investor relations and corporate communications component of Huntsworth. There she worked with corporations, non-profit organizations, state governments and political figures.^[169] She continued there as a senior advisor working about two days a month.^[158]

After living for many years in Forest Hills Gardens, Queens, she and her husband moved to Manhattan in 2002.^[138]^[170]^[171] She republished Ferraro: My Story in 2004, with a postscript summarizing her life in the twenty years since the campaign.^[172]

Ferraro was a member of the board of directors of Goodrich Petroleum beginning in August 2003.^[173] She was also a board member for New York Bancorp in the 1990s.^[141]

Ferraro became a principal in the government relations practice of the Blank Rome law firm in February 2007, working both in New York and Washington^[169]^[170] about two days a week in their lobbying and communications activities.^[158] As she passed the age of 70, she was thankful for still being alive, and said "This is about as retired as I get, which is part time,"^[158] and that if she fully retired, she would "go nuts".^[170]

2008 presidential campaign involvement [link]

In December 2006, Ferraro announced her support for Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Rodham Clinton. Later, she vowed to help defend Clinton from being "swiftboated" in a manner akin to 2004 presidential candidate John Kerry.^[174] She assisted with fundraising by assuming an honorary post on the finance committee for Clinton's 2008 presidential campaign.^[175] A heated nomination battle emerged between Clinton and Barack Obama, in which racial dust-ups caused by perceptions of remarks made by campaign surrogates took place.^[176] Ferraro became livid when her daughter voted for Obama in a primary, which reflected a generational difference among American women in how they viewed the significance of a woman being elected president.^[177]

In March 2008 she gave an interview with the Daily Breeze in which she said: "If Obama was a white man, he would not be in this position. And if he was a woman (of any color) he would not be in this position. He happens to be very lucky to be who he is. And the country is caught up in the concept."^[175]^[178]^[179] Ferraro justified the statements by referring to her own run for vice president. Echoing a statement she wrote about herself in 1988,^[30] Ferraro said that "I was talking about historic candidacies and what I started off by saying (was that) if you go back to 1984 and look at my historic candidacy, which I had just talked about all these things, in 1984, if my name was Gerard Ferraro instead of Geraldine Ferraro, I would have never been chosen as a vice-presidential candidate. It had nothing to do with my qualification."^[175] Her comments resonated with some older white women, but generated an immediate backlash elsewhere.^[180] There was strong criticism and charges of racism from many supporters of Obama^[181] and Obama called them "patently absurd".^[176] Clinton publicly expressed disagreement with Ferraro's remarks, while Ferraro vehemently denied she was a racist.^[175] Again speaking to the Breeze, Ferraro responded to the attacks by saying: "I really think they're attacking me because I'm white. How's that?"^[176]^[182] Ferraro resigned from Clinton's finance committee on March 12, 2008, two days after the firestorm began, saying that she didn't want the Obama camp to use her comments to hurt Clinton's campaign.^[183]

Ferraro continued to engage the issue and criticize the Obama campaign via her position as a Fox News Channel contributor.^[184]^[185]^[186] By early April, Ferraro said people were deluging her with negative comments and trying to get her removed from one of the boards she was on: "This has been the worst three weeks of my life."^[186] Ferraro stated in mid-May 2008 that Clinton had "raised this whole woman candidate thing to a whole different level than when I ran".^[187] She thought Obama had behaved in a sexist manner and that she might not vote for him.^[187]

During September 2008, Ferraro gained attention yet again after the announcement of Sarah Palin as the Republican vice-presidential nominee, the first such major party bid for a woman since her own in 1984.^[188]^[189]^[190] Palin mentioned Ferraro as well as Clinton as forerunners in her introductory appearance.^[191] In reaction to the nomination, Ferraro said, "It's great to be the first, but I don't want to be the only. And so now it is wonderful to see a woman on a national ticket."^[101] Ferraro speculated that the pick might win Republican presidential nominee John McCain the election,^[192] but said that she was supporting Obama now due to his running mate selection of Joe Biden having resolved her concerns about Obama's lack of experience in certain areas.^[188]^[193] Ferraro criticized the media's scrutiny of Palin's background and family as gender-based and saw parallels with how she was treated by the media during her own run;^[188]^[194] a University of Alabama study also found that media framing of Ferraro and Palin was similar and often revolved around their nominations being political gambles.^[195] A Newsweek cover story detected a change in how women voters responded to a female vice presidential candidate from Ferraro's time to Palin's, but Ferraro correctly predicted that the bounce that McCain received from the Palin pick would dissipate.^[189] In a friendly joint retrospective of her 1984 debate with George H. W. Bush, Ferraro said she had had more national issues experience in 1984 than Palin did now, but that it was important that Palin make a good showing in her vice presidential debate so that "little girls [could] see someone there who can stand toe to toe with [Biden]."^[190] McCain and Palin ended up losing, but regardless of the 1984 or 2008 election result, Ferraro said that "Every time a woman runs, women win."^[189]

Final year, death and tributes [link]

Ferraro continued to battle her cancer, making repeated visits to hospitals during her last year and undergoing difficult procedures.^[196] Much of her care took place at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute in Boston, where she also acted as an informal advocate for other patients.^[162] She was able to make a joint appearance with Palin on Fox News Channel's coverage of the November 2010 midterm elections.^[197]

In March 2011 she went to Massachusetts General Hospital to receive treatment for pain caused by a fracture, a common complication of multiple myeloma.^[198] Once there, however, doctors discovered she had come down with pneumonia. Unable to return to her New York home, Ferraro died at Massachusetts General on March 26, 2011.^[198]^[199] In addition to her husband and three children, who all were present, she was survived by eight grandchildren.^[198]^[200]

President Obama said upon her death that "Geraldine will forever be remembered as a trailblazer who broke down barriers for women, and Americans of all backgrounds and walks of life," and said that his own two daughters would grow up in a more equal country because of what Ferraro had done.^[201] Mondale called her "a remarkable woman and a dear human being ... She was a pioneer in our country for justice for women and a more open society. She broke a lot of molds and it's a better country for what she did."^[199] George H. W. Bush said, "Though we were one-time political opponents, I am happy to say Gerry and I became friends in time – a friendship marked by respect and affection. I admired Gerry in many ways, not the least of which was the dignified and principled manner she blazed new trails for women in politics."^[201] Palin paid tribute to her on Facebook, expressing gratitude for having been able to work with her the year before and saying, "She broke one huge barrier and then went on to break many more. May her example of hard work and dedication to America continue to inspire all women."^[197] Bill and Hillary Clinton said in a statement that, "Gerry Ferraro was one of a kind – tough, brilliant, and never afraid to speak her mind or stand up for what she believed in – a New York icon and a true American original."^[200]

A funeral Mass was held for her on March 31 at the Church of St. Vincent Ferrer in New York, the site where Ferraro and Zaccaro had been married and had renewed their vows on their 50th anniversary the year before.^[202] Figures from local, state, and national politics were present, and Mondale and both Clintons were among the speakers.^[202]^[203] She is buried in St. John Cemetery in Middle Village, Queens, within her old congressional district.^[203]

Awards and honors [link]

Ferraro was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1994.^[204]

Ferraro received a number of honorary degrees during the 1980s and early 1990s, including from Marymount Manhattan College (1982), New York University Law School (1984), Hunter College (1985), Plattsburgh College (1985), College of Boca Raton (1989), Virginia State University (1989), Muhlenberg College (1990), Briarcliffe College for Business (1990), and Potsdam College (1991).^[27] She subsequently received an honorary degree from Case Western Reserve University (2003).^[205]

During her time in Congress, Ferraro received numerous awards from local organizations in Queens.^[3]

In 2007, Ferraro received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Sons of Italy Foundation.^[206] In 2008, Ferraro was the initial recipient of the annual Trailblazer Award from the National Conference of Women's Bar Associations,^[207] and received the Edith I. Spivack Award from the New York County Lawyers' Association.^[208]

Electoral history [link]

Democratic primary for New York's 9th congressional district, 1978^[209]

Geraldine Ferraro – 10,254 (52.98%)
Thomas J. Manton – 5,499 (28.41%)
Patrick C. Deignan – 3,603 (18.61%)

New York's 9th congressional district, 1978^[210]

Geraldine Ferraro (D) – 51,350 (54.17%)
Alfred A. DelliBovi (R, Conservative) – 42,108 (44.42%)
Theodore E. Garrison (Liberal) – 1,329 (1.40%)

New York's 9th congressional district, 1980^[211]

Geraldine Ferraro (D) (Inc.) – 63,796 (58.34%)
Vito P. Battista (R, Conservative, Right to Life) – 44,473 (40.67%)
Gertrude Geniale (Liberal) – 1,091 (1.00%)

New York's 9th congressional district, 1982^[212]

Geraldine Ferraro (D) (Inc.) – 75,286 (73.22%)
John J. Weigandt (R) – 20,352 (19.79%)
Ralph G. Groves (Conservative) – 6,011 (5.85%)
Patricia A. Salargo (Liberal) – 1,171 (1.14%)

1984 Democratic National Convention (Vice-Presidential tally)^[213]

Geraldine Ferraro – 3,920
Shirley Chisholm – 3

United States presidential election, 1984^[214]

Ronald Reagan/George H. W. Bush (R) (Inc.) – 54,166,829 (58.5%) and 525 electoral votes (49 states carried)
Walter Mondale/Geraldine Ferraro (D) – 37,449,813 (40.4%) and 13 electoral votes (1 state and D.C. carried)
David Bergland/Jim Lewis (L) – 227,204 (0.2%) and 0 electoral votes

Democratic primary for the United States Senate, 1992^[124]

Robert Abrams – 426,904 (37%)
Geraldine Ferraro – 415,650 (36%)
Al Sharpton – 166,665 (14%)
Elizabeth Holtzman – 144,026 (12%)

Democratic primary for the United States Senate, 1998^[215]

Chuck Schumer – 388,701 (50.83%)
Geraldine Ferraro – 201,625 (26.37%)
Mark Green – 145,819 (19.07%)
Eric Ruano-Melendez – 28,493 (3.73%)

Notes [link]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Perlez, Jane (1984-04-10). "Woman in the News; Democrat, Peacemaker: Geraldine Anne Ferraro". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1984/04/10/us/woman-in-the-news-democrat-peacemaker-geraldine-anne-ferraro.html.
^ ^a ^b Ferraro and Francke, My Story, p. 17.
^ ^a ^b ^c "The Geraldine A. Ferraro Papers" (PDF). Marymount Manhattan College. http://marymount.mmm.edu/study/resources/library/archives/Ferraro_Papers_guide.pdf. Retrieved 2008-09-01. pp. 2–3, 88–90.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Lague, Louise (1984-07-30). "The Making of a Trailblazer". People. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20088346,00.html. Retrieved 2008-09-01.
^ Ferraro and Whitney, Framing a Life, p. 45.
^ Ferraro, Framing a Life, pp. 50–51, 54.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Watson, Anticipating Madam President, pp. 157–160.
^ ^a ^b Ferraro, Framing a Life, pp. 65–67.
^ ^a ^b "John Zaccaro Fiance Of Geraldine Ferraro". The New York Times. 1959-08-09. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=F30A15F73F5F1A7B93CBA91783D85F4D8585F9.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Ferraro, Geraldine Anne (1935 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=F000088. Retrieved 2008-08-30.
^ Ferraro, Framing a Life, pp. 70, 72.
^ ^a ^b ^c Hall, Stephen S. (1983-05-15). "Italian-Americans Coming Into Their Own". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/15/magazine/italian-americans-coming-into-their-own.html.
^ Ferraro, My Story, p. 18.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ferraro, Framing a Life, p. 90.
^ Ferraro, Framing a Life, p. 91.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m Raab, Selwyn (1984-07-21). "Ex-Colleagues Praise Rep. Ferraro As Lawyer". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/21/us/ex-colleagues-praise-rep-ferraro-as-lawyer.html.
^ Ferraro, Framing a Life, plate 12.
^ ^a ^b Blumenthal, Ralph (1984-08-18). "Ferraro's Husband: Competitive, Private Man". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1984/08/18/us/ferraro-s-husband-competitive-private-man.html.
^ Jamieson, Beyond the Double Bind, p. 166.
^ ^a ^b ^c Magnuson, Ed; Stacks, John F.; Ungeheuer, Frederick (1984-09-03). "Mistakes and Misunderstandings". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,951269,00.html.
^ May, Clifford D. (1986-06-14). "On Fire Island, Family Haven From City Life". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1986/06/14/nyregion/on-fire-island-family-haven-from-city-life.html.
^ ^a ^b Gerth, Jeff (1984-08-16). "Finances of Ferraro and Husband Are Interwoven". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1984/08/16/us/finances-of-ferraro-and-husband-are-interwoven.html.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Moritz (ed.), Current Biography Yearbook 1984, p. 119.
^ Ferraro, Framing a Life, p. 104.
^ Buckley, Cara (2011-03-28). "Of Ferraro’s Roles in Many Arenas, a Favorite: Gerry From Queens". The New York Times: p. A18. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/28/nyregion/28geraldine.html. Retrieved 2011-03-30.
^ Ferraro, Framing a Life, p. 105.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Who's Who of American Women 2006-2007, p. 610.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Foerstel, Climbing the Hill, pp. 33–34.
^ Ferraro, Framing a Life, p. 107.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Martin, Douglas (2011-03-26). "Geraldine A. Ferraro, 1935-2011: She Ended The Men’s Club Of National Politics". The New York Times: p. A1. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/27/us/politics/27geraldine-ferraro.html. Retrieved 2011-03-26.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Two for the House". The New York Times. 1978-11-06. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=F50C11FE3D5511728DDDAF0894D9415B888BF1D3.
^ O'Neill and Novak, Man of the House, p. 357.
^ "Geraldine Ferraro". Women in Congress. U.S. House of Representatives. 2011. http://womenincongress.house.gov/member-profiles/profile.html?intID=76. Retrieved 2012-03-21.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Scala, Shade, Campbell (eds.), American Presidential Campaigns and Elections, p. 962.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Gerth, Jeff; Blumenthal, Ralph (1984-07-26). "Rep. Ferraro's Transactions Detailed in Public Records". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/26/us/rep-ferraro-s-transactions-detailed-in-public-records.html.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Blumenthal, Ralph (2008-09-04). "When the Press Vetted Geraldine Ferraro". The New York Times. http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/09/04/when-the-press-vetted-geraldine-ferraro/. Retrieved 2009-06-25.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Germond and Witcover, Wake Us When It's Over, p. 372
^ Goldman and Fuller, The Quest for the Presidency 1984, p. 209.
^ "Women Elected to Party Leadership Positions". Women in Congress. U.S. House of Representatives. Archived from the original on July 30, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080730211834/http://womenincongress.house.gov/data/leadership.html. Retrieved 2008-11-23.
^ ^a ^b ^c Women in Congress, 1917-1990, pp. 69–70.
^ ^a ^b Current Biography Yearbook 1984, p. 120.
^ ^a ^b Cohn (ed.), Congress and the Nation 1981–1984, pp. 669–670.
^ Gottro (ed.), Congress and the Nation 1977–1980, p. 334.
^ Congress and the Nation 1981–1984, p. 300.
^ Congress and the Nation 1981–1984, pp. 459, 461.
^ ^a ^b Ferraro, My Story, pp. 122–124.
^ ^a ^b "In the Party's Mainstream". Time. 1984-07-23. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,952427,00.html.
^ "Voting Records". Americans for Democratic Action. http://www.adaction.org/pages/publications/voting-records.php. Retrieved 2009-01-23. From 1979 through 1984, her scores were 74, 72, 85, 75, 90, and 70 (the decline in the last year was partly due to missed votes while campaigning for vice president).
^ "Ratings of Congress". American Conservative Union. http://www.conservative.org/congress-ratings/. Retrieved 2010-06-18. From 1979 through 1984, her scores were 16, 17, 7, 10, 0, and 0.
^ ^a ^b Morrow, Lance (1984-06-04). "Why Not a Woman?". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,951137-2,00.html.
^ Thomas, Evan (1984-07-02). "Trying to Win the Peace". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,926644,00.html.
^ Goldman and Fuller, The Quest for the Presidency 1984, p. 208.
^ ^a ^b Glass, Andrew (2007-07-12). "Ferraro joins Democratic ticket July 12, 1984". The Politico. http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0707/4891.html. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
^ Goldman and Fuller, The Quest for the Presidency 1984, p. 212.
^ Although Ferraro was the first woman to be on a major-party ticket for one of the nation's two highest offices, she was not the first woman to receive an electoral college vote. That woman was Theodora Nathan, a Libertarian Vice-Presidential candidate who got the support of Roger MacBride, a faithless elector from Virginia who in 1972, voted for her instead of the pledged Spiro Agnew. However, Ferraro was the first woman to receive more than one electoral vote. See "Women Presidential and Vice Presidential Candidates: A Selected List". Rutgers University Center for American Women and Politics. 2008. http://www.cawp.rutgers.edu/fast_facts/levels_of_office/documents/prescand.pdf. Retrieved 2009-01-23.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Congress and the Nation 1981–1984, pp. 18–20.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Nelson (ed.), Historic Documents on Presidential Elections 1787–1988, pp. 785ff.
^ Goldman and Fuller, The Quest for the Presidency 1984, p. 239.
^ ^a ^b Andersen, Kurt; Stacks, John F. (1984-07-30). "The Life off the Party". Time. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,926699-1,00.html.
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^ Jamieson, Beyond the Double Bind, p. 129.
^ ^a ^b Braden, Women Politicians and the Media, p. 110.
^ Jamieson, Beyond the Double Bind, p. 107.
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^ ^a ^b ^c Goldman and Fuller, The Quest for the Presidency 1984, pp. 278–281.
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^ ^a ^b ^c Ferraro, My Story, pp. 156–158.
^ ^a ^b Patterson and Dani, The Media Campaign, p. 119.
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^ ^a ^b Germond and Witcover, Wake Us When It's Over, pp. 447–448.
^ Goldman and Fuller, The Quest for the Presidency 1984, pp. 283–284.
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^ Falk, Women for President, p. 86.
^ ^a ^b Ferraro, My Story, pp. 275–277, and Ferraro, Framing a Life, pp. 160–162.
^ "'No one in charge,' Mondale maintains". The Milwaukee Sentinel. 1984-10-19.
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^ Germond and Witcover, Wake Us When It's Over, p. 537.
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^ Prendergast, The Catholic Vote in American Politics, pp. 191–193.
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^ ^a ^b ^c Lurie, Senator Pothole, pp. 465, 467.
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^ Ferraro had made a similar comment in 1988, about Jesse Jackson's presidential candidacy. See Sinderbrand, Rebecca (2008-03-13). "Ferraro steps down from Clinton campaign". CNN. http://edition.cnn.com/2008/POLITICS/03/12/ferraro.comments/. Retrieved 2008-03-14. "In an April 15, 1988, article in The Washington Post, Ferraro is quoted as saying that because of his 'radical' views, 'if Jesse Jackson were not black, he wouldn't be in the race.'"
^ Kornblut, Notes from the Cracked Ceiling, p. 73.
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^ Baldwin, Tom (2008-09-05). "Geraldine Ferraro accuses media over 'sexist' scrutiny of Sarah Palin". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/us_and_americas/us_elections/article4677831.ece. Retrieved 2009-07-11.
^ "Study: Media treat Ferraro, Palin the same". United Press International. 2008-10-27. http://www.upi.com/Top_News/2008/10/27/Study-Media-treat-Ferraro-Palin-the-same/UPI-59311225086192/. Retrieved 2009-07-11.
^ Goodman, Ellen (2011-03-28). "Geraldine Ferraro: This friend was a fighter". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/geraldine-ferraro-this-friend-was-a-fighter/2011/03/28/AF5VCCpB_story.html. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
^ ^a ^b James, Frank (2011-03-28). "Ferraro And Palin — Most Exclusive Club Down To One Member". NPR. http://www.npr.org/blogs/itsallpolitics/2011/03/28/134924337/ferraro-and-palin-most-exclusive-club-down-to-one-member. Retrieved 2011-03-28.
^ ^a ^b ^c Lindsay, Jay (2011-03-26). "First female VP candidate Geraldine Ferraro dies at 75". Deseret News. Associated Press. http://www.deseretnews.com/mobile/article/700121825/First-female-VP-candidate-Geraldine-Ferraro-dies-at-75.html. Retrieved 2011-03-26.
^ ^a ^b "Ferraro, first female vice president candidate, dies at 75". Associated Press. MSNBC. 2011-03-26. http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/42283362/ns/politics-more_politics/. Retrieved 2011-03-26.
^ ^a ^b "'Trailblazer' Geraldine Ferraro dies at age 75". CNN. 2011-03-26. http://www.cnn.com/2011/POLITICS/03/26/obit.geraldine.ferraro/index.html. Retrieved 2011-03-26.
^ ^a ^b "Reaction to Geraldine Ferraro's Death". Fox News. 2011-03-26. http://politics.blogs.foxnews.com/2011/03/26/reaction-geraldine-ferraros-death. Retrieved 2011-03-26.
^ ^a ^b Pogrebin, Robin (2011-03-31). "At Funeral, Recalling Ferraro’s Grit and Humor". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/01/nyregion/01ferraro.html. Retrieved 2011-03-31.
^ ^a ^b "Ferraro Eulogized, Laid To Rest In Queens". The Queens Gazette. April 6, 2011. http://www.qgazette.com/news/2011-04-06/Political_Page/Ferraro_Eulogized_Laid_To_Rest_In_Queens.html. Retrieved April 12, 2011.
^ "Women of the Hall: Geraldine Ferraro". National Women's Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on 2008-05-01. http://web.archive.org/web/20080501225958/http://www.greatwomen.org/women.php?action=viewone&id=61. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
^ "Five receive honorary degrees" (Press release). Case Western Reserve University. 2003-05-19. http://www.cwru.edu/pubaff/univcomm/2003/5-03/honordegrees.htm. Retrieved 2008-11-25.
^ "Geraldine Ferraro Receives Lifetime Achievement Award from Sons of Italy" (Press release). Blank Rome. 2007-05-24. http://www.blankromegr.com/index.cfm?contentID=31&itemID=195. Retrieved 2009-06-25.
^ "Geraldine Ferraro Honored at National Conference of Women's Bar Associations with Trailblazer Award" (Press release). Blank Rome. 2008-08-08. http://www.blankrome.com/index.cfm?contentID=46&itemID=1339. Retrieved 2009-06-25. ^{[dead link]}
^ "Geraldine Ferraro to Receive NYCLA's Edith I. Spivack Award on March 17". New York County Lawyers' Association. 2008-02-28. http://nycla.org/siteFiles/Publications/Publications1151_0.pdf. Retrieved 2012-03-07.
^ Barone, Michael; Ujifusa, Grant; Matthews, Douglas (1979). Almanac of American Politics, 1980: The Senators, the Representatives, the Governors — Their Records, States, and Districts. E. P. Dutton. p. 593. http://books.google.com/books?um=1&q=ferraro+10254+manton+5499+3603&btnG=Search+Books.
^ Guthrie, Benjamin J. (1979-04-01). "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 1978". U. S. Government Printing Office. p. 25. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1978election.pdf. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
^ Ladd, Thomas E. (1981-04-15). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 4, 1980". U. S. Government Printing Office. p. 41. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1980election.pdf. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
^ Ladd, Thomas E. (1983-05-05). "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 2, 1982". U. S. Government Printing Office. p. 27. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1982election.pdf. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
^ Holland, Keating (1996). "All The Votes...Really". CNN. Archived from the original on 2000-09-30. http://web.archive.org/web/20000930224301/http://www.cnn.com/ALLPOLITICS/1996/conventions/san.diego/facts/weird.facts/votes.shtml. ^{[dead link]} In actuality, the 1984 Democratic vice-presidential roll call only went through Alabama, Alaska, and Arizona. Arkansas then passed to New York; New York cast all its votes for Ferraro; and New York then moved that Ferraro be nominated by acclamation, which was approved by overwhelming voice vote. See Ferraro, My Story, pp. 6–7.
^ Ladd, Thomas E. (1985-05-01). "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 6, 1984". U. S. Government Printing Office. p. 69. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/1984election.pdf. Retrieved 2009-06-27.
^ "Federal Elections 98: 1998 U.S. Senate Results". Federal Election Commission. April 1999. http://www.fec.gov/pubrec/fe1998/98senate.htm. Retrieved 2009-06-27.

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Chesler, Ellen (2005). "Introduction". In Chavkin, Wendy; Chesler, Ellen. Where Human Rights Begin: Health, Sexuality, and Women in the New Millennium. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 0-8135-3657-X.
Clift, Eleanor; Brazaitis, Tom (2000). Madam President: Shattering the Last Glass Ceiling. Simon & Schuster. ISBN 0-684-85619-0.
Falk, Erika (2007). Women for President: Media Bias in Eight Campaigns. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-07511-0.
Ferraro, Geraldine A.; Francke, Linda Bird (1985). Ferraro: My Story. Bantam Books. ISBN 0-553-05110-5.
Ferraro, Geraldine A. (1993). Changing History: Women, Power and Politics. Moyer Bell. ISBN 1-55921-077-X.
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External links [link]

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Authority control: PND: 119203235 | LCCN: n81052939 | VIAF: 60401805 | WorldCat

Persondata
Name	Ferraro, Geraldine
Alternative names
Short description	American lawyer and politician
Date of birth	1935-08-26
Place of birth	Newburgh, New York
Date of death	2011-03-26
Place of death	Boston, Massachusetts

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