- published: 29 Mar 2013
- views: 285
- author: Woopnik1
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- Antelope Valley
- Ballona Creek
- Big Bear Lake
- Burbank, California
- Cahuenga Pass
- California
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- Crime in Los Angeles
- Dolby Theatre
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- United States
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- Al Christie
- Barbara Stanwyck
- Billie Holiday
- Carole Lombard
- Charlie Parker
- Curren Price
- Diane Watson
- Duke Ellington
- Ella Fitzgerald
- Eric Garcetti
- Gloria Swanson
- Henry Waxman
- Jackie Goldberg
- Jean Harlow
- Joanne Woodward
- Judy Garland
- Marlene Dietrich
- Mike Feuer
- Miles Davis
- Nat King Cole
- Oscar Apfel
- Paul Koretz
- Rosalind Russell
- Rudolph Valentino
- Stanley Kramer
- Thomas Edison
- Tom LaBonge
- Tyrone Power
- William Powell
- Xavier Becerra
- Lyrics: play full screen play karaoke
- Los Angeles - Atmosphere
- Los Angeles - X
- Los Angeles - Counting Crows
- Los Angeles - Limp Bizkit
- Los Angeles - The 69 Eyes
- Los Angeles - Finger Eleven
- Los Angeles - Frank Black
- Los Angeles - Black Frank
- Los Angeles - Adema
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- Los Angeles - Circus Of Power
- Los Angeles - Travis Marsh
"Flight 101, Super Jet service for Pittsburgh and Los Angeles
will depart from Gate 12. Passengers may proceed into the
gate area for checking..."
(Oh yeah) Los Angeles, hot and bothered
Helicopters watch their daughters play parking lot soccer
A whole lot of love from the target's hide
Got a soul looking for a magic carpet ride
Environment, perfect for a hustle
Many people are distracted by the puzzle
And while they're not lookin', the angel got tooken
Welcome to the gray space between fingerprinting and booking
Do your best 'cause the lesson is love
It's enough to keep your head up, another day to get up
Wake up, and let the sun shine through the smog
Free the dialogue 'til everyone believes in God
L.A., to some it's hell, to some it's play
Pay the cover charge and watch what you say
The Barbie doll's caught, body parts come off
And I think she's a he...STOP, look at how it walks
They got the weirdoes, the talent, the beautiful
An arm and a leg for a one-story cubicle
And if the heat don't beat you, the pigs will
Everyone's relaxed, but no one can sit still
Los Angeles... I love it, I love it...
(Lips Glisten... believe 'em.)
she had to leave los angeles all her toys wore out in black and her boys had too she started to hate every nigger and jew every mexican that gave her lotta shit every homosexual and the idle rich she had to get out she gets confused flying over the dateline her hands turn red cause the days change at night change in an instant the days change at night change in an instant she had to leave los angeles she found it hard to say goodbye to her own best friend she bought a clock on hollywood blvd the day she left it felt sad she had to get out
Dancing like the nights are down in Nashville
But I seem to know the ghosts who like to run
I got a call to go to a late night picture show
So I traded in the darkness and i'm already glad
I'm already there
And i'm trying to make some friends
So if you see that movie star and me
If you see my picture in a magazine
Or if you fall asleep by the bedroom TV
Well honey i'm just tryin' to make some sense
Outta me
I left a lot of ghosts in San Francisco
And now you wanna say you see through me
But what you wanna see ain't your memories of me
So why you turn around tonight
But i'm already there
I'm already there
And i'm just trying to make some friends
So if you see that movie star and me
If you should see my picture in a magazine
Or if you fall asleep while you're watching TV
Well honey i'm just trying to make some sense
Los Angeles
Boston gets cold this time of year
Seems like each day just leaves me numb
I gotta get out of here
Go walking in the sun
Well if you see that movie star and me
Or if you should see my picture in a magazine
Or if you fall asleep by the bedroom TV
But honey i'm just trying to make some sense
Honey i'm just trying to make some friends
Baby i'm not trying to make amends
For coming to Los Angeles
Oh Los Angeles
No more Boston, no more Nashville, no more Oakland
Oh baby come on out to the sea
Come on take a walk down sunset with me
Oh we gonna get drunk, find us some skinny girls, and go street walking
Street walking baby in Los Angeles!
It's live from Los Angeles baby!
Every corner that I turn
I see a lady that burns
Hot mama walking down the street
I'm loving all these L.A. freaks
Pretty woman look my way
I'm throwing my hook your way
Hold tight while I reel you in
Better leave him so tell again
Let's cruze down Sunset
Make a pit stop at the Rainbow
Then we gonna hit the Roxy
Let a few hot mamas rock me
So many, it's hard to choose
Take your pick, they all bad news
Got game, they all want you
Got shame, they always do
Livin' in Los Angeles
It's definitely scandalous
So much ass in Los Angeles
It's definitely scandalous
You better know when to hold em'
Know when to fold em'
Know when to pull the brakes
And keep rollin'
Know when you got a Hollywood tranny
Adam's apple
Dick in the panties
Gold diggin' comes with the scene
One more fake Hollywood queen
Got another when it coming fox
Keep your cock in the sock
Know what I mean
Livin' in Los Angeles
It's definitely scandalous
So much ass in Los Angeles
It's definitely scandalous
She can pick you up
She can bring you down
She's got all your dreams
Locked inside this town
There's no way to leave
Once you have a ride
Just be glade you know
That your still alive
You want girls that crawl
You can have it all
Anything you want
It's a monster's ball
You won't have to beg
They jump in your bed
Better check your head
Or you'll be left for dead
Oh, yeah come on now
Oh, yeah
Yeah, live in Los Angeles
Home of the slutes and hookers and bullshit
Gold diggers
Yeah you ain't missin' shit baby
Come on, bring it on
Livin' in Los Angeles
It's definitely scandalous
So much ass in Los Angeles
It's definitely scandalous
Livin' in Los Angeles
It's definitely scandalous
So much ass in Los Angeles
Some say money
Some say a dream
Some get laid on the silver screen
What does faith mean
In the world on the Sunset down
Some say money
Some say fame
Some get a losing hand in the game
What does grace mean
In this world where the guns dies young
Crash'n'burn'n'bleed
Run away with me
Crash'n'burn'n'bleed
Fallen angels on their knees
Crash'n'burn'n'bleed
Take a chance with me
Crash'n'burn'n'bleed
I still love you - Los Angeles
Some say money
Some say dames
Some get sold without the names
What does faith mean
In the world on the Sunset down
Show me honey
No fuckin' shame
Show me your innocence in vain
What does grace mean
In the world where the love dies young
Crash'n'burn'n'bleed
Run away with me
Crash'n'burn'n'bleed
Fallen angels on their knees
Crash'n'burn'n'bleed
Take a chance with me
Crash'n'burn'n'bleed
I still love you - Los Angeles
I met a man,
He was a good man.
Sailing and shoring,
Dancing the beta can-can.
Making me foreign,
Oh yeah.
I want to live in Los Angeles,
Not the one in Los Angeles.
No, not the one in South California,
They got one in South Patagonia.
I want to live in Los Angeles,
Not the one in Los Angeles.
They got a bunch down in Moleville,
They got a bunch more still.
I want to live in Los Angeles,
Not the one in Los Angeles.
They got ones down in factory five,
Works just like a beehive.
I want to live in Los Angeles,
Not the one in Los Angeles.
Counting helicopters on a Saturday night,
The symphony of the fair light.
I hear them saying Los Angeles,
In all the black and white movies.
But if you think they star-spangled us,
How come we say Los Angeleez?
I'll wait in Los Angeles,
I'll wait in the pouring sun.
No way,
For not anyone.
No way.
I met a man,
He was a good man.
Sailing and shoring,
He got the betatron, man.
Talking that foreign,
Oh yeah.
I'll wait in Los Angeles,
I'll wait in the pouring sun.
No way,
For not anyone.
I met a man
He was a good man
Sailing and shoring
Dancing the beta can-can
Making me foreign
Oh yeah
I want to live in Los Angeles
Not the one in Los Angeles
No, not the one in South California
The got one in South Patagonia
I want to live in Los Angeles
Not the one in Los Angeles
They got a bunch down in Moleville
They got a bunch more still
I want to live in Los Angeles
Not the one is Los Angeles
They got one in twenty-five two five
Works just like a beehive
I want to live in Los Angeles
Not the one in Los Angeles
Counting helicopters on a Saturday night
The symphony of the fair light
I hear them saying Los Angeles
In all the black and white movies
And if you think they star-spangled us
How come we say Los Angeleez?
I'll wait in Los Angeles
I'll wait in the pouring sun
No way
For not anyone
No way
I met a man
He was a good man
Sailing and shoring
He got a betatron, man
Talking that foreign
Oh yeah
I'll wait in Los Angeles
I'll wait in the pouring sun
No way
For not anyone
No way
No rest for the wicked
No mercy for the rotten
Go create some madness
More coverage than the homeless
Your image here to stay
Your photo on the cover of
Your photo can't get enough
You and I, we read about it
We idolise the criminal mind
Is there a method in our madness?
And we fantasise of committing crimes
And so we remain
You're taken by the story
No escaping from the glory
Never to be forgotten
Now you're believin' in your press
You're not going anyway
Your Photo on the cover of
Your photo can't get enough
Chorus
And so we remain
And so we became
History remains
History today
Los Angeles
Shameful city
I've been taken by the world below
Los Angeles
Here I am again
Watching the world go by
Right before my eyes
All the things I should have known
Have started to hit hard
What you are
What you are
But you won't let go
What you are
But you won't let go
Los Angeles
Shameful city
I've been taken by the world that's down below
Los Angeles
A flickering eye
Casting a silhouette
Someone I used to know
But that person is gone
I gotta try to keep telling myself I got it under control
What you are
What you are
But you won't let go
What you are
But you won't let go
Los Angeles
Shameful city
I've been taken by the world that's down below
Los Angeles
This time's where I remember when
I'd deal with it all over again
Los Angeles
Shameful city
I've been taken by the world that's down below
Los Angeles
Shameful city
I've been taken by the world below
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
i must get away
yeah, i just can't stay right now
i think i can say when other stars go in sane, and how
everybody's stuck in 1981 and they suck
everybody thinks that they could live and learn
but they don't
what's the worse thing that could happen?
you've got to take the chance
everyone will tell you not to
but no one understands
silly little charmer
with that sparkle in your eye
seize your hope and kiss there ass goodbye
woah yeah
you have to
go to los angeles
los angeles
los angeles
hey what will you do?
they're waiting for you right now
i'm going to so. cal
where metal's alive and well
right now and how
well, everybody said just stay at home
and grow old
fuck it, i am going to play tokyo
what's the worse thing that cuold happen?
you've got to take the chance
everyone will tell you not
but no one understands
silly little charmer with that sparkle in your eye
they envy you, so kiss their ass goodbye
woah, yeah you have to
go to los angeles
I want a girl, girl that won't talk back
And a job, job that gives me slack
And a car, car that won't break down
In the heat of Los Angeles
I want to go, go without a map
Far away, away, I won't get trapped
By the sound, a town, the sun beats down
In the heat of Los Angeles
One more holiday
I will not celebrate
I'm almost desperate
Cause I'm down, I'm down, I'm so beat down
This city's killing me
I want, I want, I want everything
This city's killing me
In the heat of Los Angeles
I want a love, love that won't hit back
Want sex, sex without a catch
Want a face, to trust, to feel, to lust
In the heat of Los Angeles
Want to fuck, fuck, fuck this up
Gonna feel, feel, feel you up
Had enough, enough, enough, enough
In the heat of Los Angeles
This city's killing me
I want, I want, I want everything
This city's killing me
In the heat of Los Angeles
What has become of me?
I want, I want, I want everything
This city's killing me
(I want everything)
Come on, come on
It's alive and breathing
Come on, come on
Come alive today
Come on, come on
It's a heartless beating
The sun is burning down Los Angeles
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
I want a girl, girl that won't talk back
And a job, job that gives me slack
And a car, car that won't break down
In the heat of Los Angeles
Come on, come on
It's alive and breathing
Come on, come on
Come alive today
Come on, come on
It's a heartless beating
The sun is burning down
(This city's killing me)
Come on, come on
It's alive and breathing
Come on, come on
Come alive today
(This city's killing me)
Come on, come on
It's a heartless beating
The sun is burning down Los Angeles (one more holiday)
The sun is burning down Los Angeles (I will not celebrate)
The sun is burning down Los Angeles (one more holiday)
The sun is burning down Los Angeles (I will not celebrate)
She said Los Angeles has never been so cold
she said we shouldn't even bother
she said the way things have been going
we've been showing signs of getting better
get her let her know that there is no more time
and that no one ever said forever
leaves you any time
well I'm lost so please get me out of here.
You've gotta be kidding me,
this is killing me,
won't let you throw away this chance of a lifetime,
you and me are so blind.
I'll say nothing
cause there's nothing nice to say this
quick before it loses meaning,
I've lost control and I'm screaming out loud.
I said Los Angeles was eating at her soul,
she said i sound more like her father.
LA could never compare to me.
I'm stalling from calling,
I know that you're bawling deep down in your heart
while we're graciously falling apart
She said,
"I'm jealous of Los Angeles, she gets to keep you for a month or two
And I don't know if I can handle this the thought of being without you."
I know it's cold, but baby maybe we can stay a little longer
Then warm up those toes, the last thing we need is to blow our cover
And I know it's tough to reconsider what you thought was love
But I'm so proud of all the plans you're speaking of
Lay with me stay with me now, oh
'Cause you are all I think about
She said, "I'm jealous of Los Angeles, she gets to keep you for a month or two
And I don't know if I can handle this the thought of being without you."
She said, "I'm sorry for the way I've been, it's so much harder, but I guess we'll see
If I can prove myself wrong, show you I can be stronger than we thought that I would be."
I said, "Let's go and baby, maybe I can show you what you need to know
And how to cope the citizens can listen in but they will never know
About this love and just how stronger we can be
So what if they don't like the plans that we've been speaking of?"
I'll crave your kiss while you're gone, oh
So much I'm missing that alone
She said, "I'm jealous of Los Angeles she gets to keep you for a month or two
And I don't know if I can handle this the thought of being without you."
She said, "I'm sorry for the way I've been it's so much harder, but I guess we'll see
If I can prove myself wrong, show you I can be stronger than we thought that I would be."
And I can commit to change
(I said I'm sorry for the way I've been)
If you can promise to stay the same
(It's so much harder than I thought it'd be)
And never let this fade
(I said I'm sorry for the way I've been)
Baby, just promise to stay the same
(It's so much harder than I thought it'd be)
She said, "I'm jealous of Los Angeles she gets to keep you for a month or two
And now I know that I can handle this the thought of being without you."
She said, "I'm sorry for the way I've been it's so much harder, but I guess we'll see
You waited for me
When I was strong
You never called
You waited long
Now I come back
To sleep with you
You love me still
I love you too
You kept the house
I could not keep
You kissed good night
And went to sleep
Now I come back
To sleep with you
You love me still
I love you too
Come with me
To that room by the sea
With the view and the moon of Los-Angeles
You're beautiful back then
God, you're beautiful now
Come with me...
Yes, I was strong
I had no choice
The kids grew-up
And left the house
But I come back
To sleep with you
You love me still
You've been here forever
I've
I've been here too
They said you were clever
Let's see what you can do
Cause I never wanted
Wanted to leave it
Said I can't believe it
Los Angeles
(Los Angeles)
Los Angeles
(Yeah I can't believe it)
Los Angeles
(Yeah)
Los Angeles
(Said I...)
Things can't be easy
You're getting older
The pressure's building
Living in Van Nuys
Cal-i-forn-i-a
What else could I say?
Cause I never wanted
Wanted to believe it
Said I can't believe it
Los Angeles
(Los Angeles)
Los Angeles
(Yeah I can't believe it)
Los Angeles
(The west side)
Los Angeles
You said you were leaving
Heading out to the east coast
Cause your heart was bleeding
And people can be so
But you must remember
That it ain't the weather
That's gonna protect you
They will still neglect you
But I'll always love you
Said I've always loved you
(So come on home)
Said I've always loved you
So get back in your car and head west to California
The sun will be shining
And we could be dining by the ocean blue
Cause I never wanted
Wanted to leave
Said I can't believe it
Los Angeles
(Los Angeles)
Los Angeles
(Yeah I can't believe it)
Los Angeles
(Los fues)
Los Angeles
(Said)
Los Angeles
(Said...)
Los Angeles
(Yeah I'll believe it)
Los Angeles
(Yeah)
[Originally by X]
She had to leave, Los Angeles!
All her toys wore out in black and her boys had too,
She started to hate every nigger and jew,
Every mexican that gave her lotta shit
Every homosexual and the idle rich (idle rich)
She had to get out, (get out), get out, (get out), get out, (get out)
She looks confused,
Flying over the dateline,
Her hands turn red.. ..Cause the days change at night,
Change in an instant,
The days change at night,
Change in an instant
She had to leave Los Angeles,
She found it hard to say goodbye to her own best friend,
She bought a clock on hollywood boulevard the day she left
It felt sad, (it felt sad), it felt sad!
She had to get out, (get out), get out, (get out), get out, (get out)
She looks confused,
Flying over the dateline,
Her hands turn red.. ..Cause the days change at night,
Change in an instant,
The days change at night,
Change in an instant,
The days change at night,
[Originally by X]
She had to leave, Los Angeles!
All her toys wore out in black and her boys had too,
She started to hate every nigger and jew,
Every mexican that gave her lotta shit
Every homosexual and the idle rich (idle rich)
She had to get out, (get out), get out, (get out), get out, (get out)
She looks confused,
Flying over the dateline,
Her hands turn red.. ..Cause the days change at night,
Change in an instant,
The days change at night,
Change in an instant
She had to leave Los Angeles,
She found it hard to say goodbye to her own best friend,
She bought a clock on hollywood boulevard the day she left
It felt sad, (it felt sad), it felt sad!
She had to get out, (get out), get out, (get out), get out, (get out)
She looks confused,
Flying over the dateline,
Her hands turn red.. ..Cause the days change at night,
Change in an instant,
The days change at night,
Change in an instant,
The days change at night,
Change in an instant
It's low, it's brand new, it's sprawling
Without center, gasoline powered, crawling
Dams and powerlines made the desert disappear
Now there's millions of people living here
It's paradise and hell all smashed together
Danger and glamour and good weather
Los Angeles is the city of the future
And it's coming to get you
Hell or heaven depends on the zip code
Don't find yourself on the wrong side of the road
'Cause devils and angels sleep under the 101
Runaways with nowhere left to run
Like an antique California postcard
A house with an orange tree growing in the yard
Los Angeles is the city of the future
And it's coming to get you
You found a way to make the promise land reappear
Sitting in the dark beneath the pier
You finally made it to the Hollywood Bowl
Then wrapped a car 'round a Wilshire telephone pole
It's low, it's brand new, it's sprawling
Without center, gasoline powered, crawling
Los Angeles is the city of the future
You waited for me
When I was strong
You never called
You waited long
Now I come back
To sleep with you
You love me still
I love you too
You kept the house
I could not keep
You kissed good night
And went to sleep
Now I come back
To sleep with you
You love me still
I love you too
Come with me
To that room by the sea
With the view and the moon of Los-Angeles
You're beautiful back then
God, you're beautiful now
Come with me...
Yes, I was strong
I had no choice
The kids grew-up
And left the house
But I come back
To sleep with you
You love me still
If you heard me speak you would know
that I am just as ignorant as you
this process invented to reinvent ones self.
Sold out my lungs just to burn brightly for you.
Watch us divide from poster boys to picket signs
the selective love you make keeps screaming out.
The time I took and the love you sold reminds me of all of you.
Say hello bitter in time post card
my body out tonight never understand you're never proud enough.
So you can tell them that I am never coming home to LA.
I breath nostalgia in and disappointment fills my lungs.
My pride breaks under my sin for convenience keeps me whole.
I gave up everything to become your sun. Your body slipped away.
What was I supposed to do?
What did you want me to do?
We watched her go.
say goodnight bitter in time post card
my body out tonight never understand you're never proud enough.
so you can tell them that I am never...
In los angeles, the city of dreams
My homies running up on bombs if u know what I mean
From la to the bay
We are blue raggin
Chillin at the park pelones straight bangin
Rollin deep down these streets
Headed to the swap meets
Bitches lookin hella fine so we stay creased
Im hard headed and down and brown
I got the j house bumpin that gangsta south
City rollin through the cali sun
Top down 3 wheels and now we having some fun
And u know the shits straight wont stop
Im unheard spoke dated and always ready to drop
O yea now the party has begun
If u drop a dime your ass better run
Cause im on my 3rd
And straight ready to hit
The 1st stupid mother fucker tryin to ruin my mix bitch
This is how we livin everyday
In the streets making plets make u say
This is how we livin everyday
Heres a toast
For the homies doin life
Throw that big south sign in the sky
Brown pride
I keep that shit up on bass
It takes a lot of heart to bang in la
Through these fuckin streets
Aint nothing but a struggle
Hang tight and don’t let no one burst your bubble
Keep it real and put down the straps
And thank the lord for makin u a man
Lets come together
We all gotta rot cee 1
Lets come together
and represent that brown pride
south califas is my home
and this where it started with the little homies always on patrol
rollin through these ghetto callijones
creased up and always rollin where they told us
with the ghetto bird always reppin b pride
fuck it cause im a ride for my side
This is how we livin everyday
In the streets making plets make u say
This is how we livin everyday
I cant forget the homies that I lost
In these streets u gotta be the boss
I pour some liquor
And roll up some burb
Reminiscin bout the days we be posted at the curb
Remember nights we all used to party
Getting high and drinking some Bacardi
Los angeles the heartless city
Every day is like a story she want a new beginning
Wonder whether we gonna make it to see another day
Those pinche one time homies wanna see us locked away
Cuffed up like the same
I wish one day this story will change
We gotta live
We gotta hold our own
And show the world how the south side rolls
In the union we straight fuckin soldiers
Ghetto minded and aint no one gonna hold us
This is how we livin everyday
In the streets making plets make u say
This is how we livin everyday
I was feelin' down
I was lookin' dead
When she looked at me
With dreamy eyes of red
She could make me move
With a lizard style in Los Angeles
She can make me move in the desert wild
In Los Angeles, baby, if you please
She was six feet tall
In a golden dress
On the silver screen
She really made me a mess
I stole her shadow
Crawl across the room
In Los Angeles
Yeah, I stole her room
On a witch's broom
In Los Angeles
Baby, if you please
And I took a trip with a power man
He took me places, baby, you really can't imagine
Ridin' through the hills
I was flyin' hard
In Los Angeles
I was ridin' crazy
Down the boulevard
In Los Angeles
Baby, if you please
I was ridin' hard
I was ridin' hard
I was ridin' crazy
Down the boulevard
Watch me move now
Yeah, yeah
Wow, wow, wow
Damn near everyone gets to fall in love
and everyone seems happy too
They've all got plans
and success in time
But all I want
well it's nothing new
Los Angeles
take back my tears
from everyone that I've known
Los Angeles
please clear these wasted years
so I can breathe on my own
Hear the music inside
Hear my music inside
I've been waiting for you
Los Angeles
Damn near everything is such a drag
when you wake to see that you're still damn here
These same old bars and their apathy
They've got to get me somewhere and set me free
Los Angeles
take back my tears
from everyone that I've known
Los Angeles
please clear these wasted years
so I can breathe on my own
Hear the music inside
Hear my music inside
I've been waiting for you
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
take back my tears
from everyone that I've known
Los Angeles
please clear these wasted years
so I can breathe on my own
Hear the music inside
Hear my music inside
I've been waiting for you
Los Angeles
Los Angeles
I want all of this and more
Los Angeles
Send this Playlist by SMS
A Day in Los Angeles.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:44
- Updated: 18 May 2013
Los Angeles is divided into over 80 districts and neighborhoods, many of which were incorporated places or communities that were annexed by the city. Greater...
http://wn.com/A_Day_in_Los_Angeles
Los Angeles is divided into over 80 districts and neighborhoods, many of which were incorporated places or communities that were annexed by the city. Greater...
Baby Boomers Tribute "Yesterday in Color" 1940's 50's 60's Hollywood Greater Los Angeles
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:21
- Updated: 28 Apr 2013
Baby Boomers Tribute "Yesterday in Color" 1940's 50's 60's Hollywood Greater Los Angeles Hollywood and Vine Wilshire blvd NBC Warner Bros 1940's 50's 60's.
http://wn.com/Baby_Boomers_Tribute_Yesterday_in_Color_1940's_50's_60's_Hollywood_Greater_Los_Angeles
Baby Boomers Tribute "Yesterday in Color" 1940's 50's 60's Hollywood Greater Los Angeles Hollywood and Vine Wilshire blvd NBC Warner Bros 1940's 50's 60's.
- published: 19 Nov 2011
- views: 3948
- author: ALAUGHFROMTHEPAST
Hollywood Freeway 101, Greater Los Angeles area, California, USA.
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:24
- Updated: 07 Mar 2011
http://wn.com/Hollywood_Freeway_101,_Greater_Los_Angeles_area,_California,_USA
Greater Hollywood Chamber of Commerce Leads Groups
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:44
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
Greater Hollywood Chamber of Commerce Leads Groups.
http://wn.com/Greater_Hollywood_Chamber_of_Commerce_Leads_Groups
Greater Hollywood Chamber of Commerce Leads Groups.
- published: 29 Sep 2011
- views: 258
- author: soflamm
Greater Los Angeles
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:06
- Updated: 21 Apr 2013
Scenic and aerial views of Los Angeles, Hollywood, Beverly Hills, Venice Beach, Santa Monica http://www.californiaphoto.net/
http://wn.com/Greater_Los_Angeles
Scenic and aerial views of Los Angeles, Hollywood, Beverly Hills, Venice Beach, Santa Monica http://www.californiaphoto.net/
- published: 24 Aug 2012
- views: 501
- author: imageKandi
Greater Hollywood Chamber of Commerce Leadership Program
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:19
- Updated: 16 Nov 2012
Greater Hollywood Chamber of Commerce Leadership Program.
http://wn.com/Greater_Hollywood_Chamber_of_Commerce_Leadership_Program
Greater Hollywood Chamber of Commerce Leadership Program.
- published: 12 Jul 2011
- views: 501
- author: soflamm
Greater West Hollywood Food Coalition
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:45
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
The Greater West Hollywood Food Coalition feeds the homeless and hungry of Los Angeles every day of the year by creating delicious meals of donated food and ...
http://wn.com/Greater_West_Hollywood_Food_Coalition
The Greater West Hollywood Food Coalition feeds the homeless and hungry of Los Angeles every day of the year by creating delicious meals of donated food and ...
- published: 22 May 2012
- views: 514
- author: Ryan Kolbe
A Collection of Street Art from May 2011
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:50
- Updated: 24 Mar 2013
A video collection of street art complied by Jonny D1G1TAL in the month of May. It was a busy month for the Los Angeles based street artist, who went on an a...
http://wn.com/A_Collection_of_Street_Art_from_May_2011
A video collection of street art complied by Jonny D1G1TAL in the month of May. It was a busy month for the Los Angeles based street artist, who went on an a...
- published: 08 Jun 2011
- views: 179
- author: d1g1talco
Shooting-Star - Griffith Park and Observatory
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:43
- Updated: 04 Apr 2013
This photo essay is a day trip slide show showing a day, leaving the greater downtown Los Angeles area, where I live, a bus trip and a subway ride to the gre...
http://wn.com/Shooting-Star_Griffith_Park_and_Observatory
This photo essay is a day trip slide show showing a day, leaving the greater downtown Los Angeles area, where I live, a bus trip and a subway ride to the gre...
- published: 24 Jan 2011
- author: ElvinWarrior73
The Greater West Hollywood Food Coalition
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:37
- Updated: 01 May 2013
Visit the SSG/Friends of the Food Coalition website to donate: https://npo1.networkforgood.org/Donate/Donate.aspx?npoSubscriptionId=1005769&code;=WebMain.
http://wn.com/The_Greater_West_Hollywood_Food_Coalition
Visit the SSG/Friends of the Food Coalition website to donate: https://npo1.networkforgood.org/Donate/Donate.aspx?npoSubscriptionId=1005769&code;=WebMain.
- published: 04 Nov 2012
- views: 754
- author: TheGWHFC
Betfair Hollywood Park Race Track (BHP) Tomorrow - Project Plan
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:11
- Updated: 02 Jun 2013
Betfair Hollywood Park Racetrack will officially close on December 22, 2013*** Video presentation from Councilwomen Dunlap at a city council meeting on 1/...
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Betfair Hollywood Park Racetrack will officially close on December 22, 2013*** Video presentation from Councilwomen Dunlap at a city council meeting on 1/...
- published: 23 Feb 2013
- views: 182
- author: Cow Missing
May 2013 - Valencia CA and Greater Los Angeles Real Estate Update
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:14
- Updated: 06 May 2013
http://paris911.com/ The real estate update for the masses - working within the real estate venue makes us stronger than those that do not work in real estat...
http://wn.com/May_2013_Valencia_CA_and_Greater_Los_Angeles_Real_Estate_Update
http://paris911.com/ The real estate update for the masses - working within the real estate venue makes us stronger than those that do not work in real estat...
- published: 06 May 2013
- views: 15
- author: Connor T. MacIVOR
Hollywood Aerial "Vintage Los Angeles"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:53
- Updated: 28 Apr 2013
http://wn.com/Hollywood_Aerial_Vintage_Los_Angeles
LOST LOS ANGELES - Hollywood 40s/50s
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Updated: 07 May 2012
LOST LOS ANGELES - Producer's Library.
http://wn.com/LOST_LOS_ANGELES_Hollywood_40s_50s
Los Angeles Time Lapse - TimeLAX 01
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:31
- Updated: 02 May 2013
TimeLAX is a time-lapse photography project that shows the Greater Los Angeles area from many angles. The project includes different types of photography suc...
http://wn.com/Los_Angeles_Time_Lapse_TimeLAX_01
TimeLAX is a time-lapse photography project that shows the Greater Los Angeles area from many angles. The project includes different types of photography suc...
- published: 15 Feb 2013
- views: 7426
- author: RalphGM - RandyFX - iVideoMaking
9th ANNUAL GLAD (GREATER LOS ANGELES AGENCY ON DEAFNESS) BENEFIT EXTRAVAGANZA-SEGMENT #5
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:59
- Updated: 15 Mar 2013
SEGMENT #5 This is the fifth and final segment of RichGirl Network.TV's coverage of the 9th annual GLAD (Greater Los Angeles Agency on Deafness) Extravaganza...
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SEGMENT #5 This is the fifth and final segment of RichGirl Network.TV's coverage of the 9th annual GLAD (Greater Los Angeles Agency on Deafness) Extravaganza...
- published: 17 Jun 2011
- views: 6624
- author: WestlakeSig
The Team Riley | West Los Angeles & Greater Los Angeles Real Estate Match Makers
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:15
- Updated: 14 Feb 2013
http://www.theteamriley.com/mls-search SEARCH HOMES NOW . The Real Estate Match Makers | Fantastic Real Estate Agent GUARANTEED . The Team Riley - West L.A. ...
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http://www.theteamriley.com/mls-search SEARCH HOMES NOW . The Real Estate Match Makers | Fantastic Real Estate Agent GUARANTEED . The Team Riley - West L.A. ...
- published: 14 Feb 2013
- views: 61
- author: The Team Riley
Permit Expediters & Expediting in Los Angeles for Building, Health & Conditional Use Permits
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:19
- Updated: 04 Nov 2012
Permit Expediting in Los Angeles area by our Professional & Friendly Permit Expediters.We assist with Conditional Use Permits & Building Permit Processing in...
http://wn.com/Permit_Expediters_Expediting_in_Los_Angeles_for_Building,_Health_Conditional_Use_Permits
Permit Expediting in Los Angeles area by our Professional & Friendly Permit Expediters.We assist with Conditional Use Permits & Building Permit Processing in...
- published: 24 Oct 2012
- views: 102
- author: LADesignGroup
9th ANNUAL GLAD (GREATER LOS ANGELES AGENCY ON DEAFNESS) BENEFIT EXTRAVAGANZA-SEGMENT #2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:21
- Updated: 12 Dec 2011
SEGMENT #2 This is the second segment of RichGirl Network.TV's coverage of the 9th annual GLAD (Greater Los Angeles Agency on Deafness) Extravaganza held at ...
http://wn.com/9th_ANNUAL_GLAD_GREATER_LOS_ANGELES_AGENCY_ON_DEAFNESS_BENEFIT_EXTRAVAGANZA-SEGMENT_2
SEGMENT #2 This is the second segment of RichGirl Network.TV's coverage of the 9th annual GLAD (Greater Los Angeles Agency on Deafness) Extravaganza held at ...
- published: 17 Jun 2011
- views: 1128
- author: WestlakeSig
9th ANNUAL GLAD (GREATER LOS ANGELES AGENCY ON DEAFNESS) BENEFIT EXTRAVAGANZA-SEGMENT #1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:09
- Updated: 14 Aug 2012
SEGMENT #1 This is the first segment of RichGirl Network.TV's coverage of the 9th annual GLAD (Greater Los Angeles Agency on Deafness) Extravaganza held at t...
http://wn.com/9th_ANNUAL_GLAD_GREATER_LOS_ANGELES_AGENCY_ON_DEAFNESS_BENEFIT_EXTRAVAGANZA-SEGMENT_1
SEGMENT #1 This is the first segment of RichGirl Network.TV's coverage of the 9th annual GLAD (Greater Los Angeles Agency on Deafness) Extravaganza held at t...
- published: 21 Jun 2011
- views: 446
- author: Joy Parris
Taco Catering For Bill Esparza @ La Descarga of Hollywood, Los Angeles, CA
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:56
- Updated: 04 Apr 2013
July 5, 2011 - Soho Taco had the wonderful opportunity to provide gourmet taco catering for renowned food blogger Bill Esparza of Street Gourmet LA (http://w...
http://wn.com/Taco_Catering_For_Bill_Esparza_@_La_Descarga_of_Hollywood,_Los_Angeles,_CA
July 5, 2011 - Soho Taco had the wonderful opportunity to provide gourmet taco catering for renowned food blogger Bill Esparza of Street Gourmet LA (http://w...
- published: 06 Jul 2011
- views: 870
- author: Soho Taco | Gourmet Tacos
9th ANNUAL GLAD (GREATER LOS ANGELES AGENCY ON DEAFNESS) BENEFIT EXTRAVAGANZA-SEGMENT #4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:02
- Updated: 30 Jun 2011
SEGMENT #4 This is the fourth segment of RichGirl Network.TV's coverage of the 9th annual GLAD (Greater Los Angeles Agency on Deafness) Extravaganza held at ...
http://wn.com/9th_ANNUAL_GLAD_GREATER_LOS_ANGELES_AGENCY_ON_DEAFNESS_BENEFIT_EXTRAVAGANZA-SEGMENT_4
SEGMENT #4 This is the fourth segment of RichGirl Network.TV's coverage of the 9th annual GLAD (Greater Los Angeles Agency on Deafness) Extravaganza held at ...
- published: 17 Jun 2011
- views: 238
- author: WestlakeSig
4/30 live! K-earth 101's SHOTGUN TOM KELLY @ HIS HOLLYWOOD STAR CEREMONY
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:19
- Updated: 30 Apr 2013
4/30 live! K-earth 101's SHOTGUN TOM KELLY @ HIS HOLLYWOOD STAR CEREMONY ...the legendary K-earth radio jockey is about to get his star ! "KRTH (101.1 FM, "K...
http://wn.com/4_30_live!_K-earth_101's_SHOTGUN_TOM_KELLY_@_HIS_HOLLYWOOD_STAR_CEREMONY
4/30 live! K-earth 101's SHOTGUN TOM KELLY @ HIS HOLLYWOOD STAR CEREMONY ...the legendary K-earth radio jockey is about to get his star ! "KRTH (101.1 FM, "K...
- published: 30 Apr 2013
- views: 23
- author: HEADLINE NEWSLINKS ONLY (NOT NEWS FOOTAGE)
photo: AP / Alexei Nikolsky
07 Jun 2013
By GREGORY L. WHITE and PAUL SONNE. MOSCOW—Russian President Vladimir Putin and his wife said Thursday they are separating after nearly three decades of marriage, setting the stage for the first divorce of a Russian leader since Peter the Great and bringing an end to years of speculation about the state of the couple's union. Enlarge Image. Close. "It was our joint decision," Mr ... Mr ... Mr ... Mrs ... Asked if they were divorcing, Mrs ... Mr ... Close. Mr ... Mrs....(size: 5.6Kb)
photo: Creative Commons
07 Jun 2013
The National Security Agency (NSA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) are tapping directly into the central servers of nine leading US Internet companies, The Washington Post has reported. , this has allowed investigators to examine e-mails, photos and other documents of tens of millions of Americans that can be used to track people and their contacts over time ... 468 Source.. Al Jazeera and agencies ... Iran ... ....(size: 7.7Kb)
photo: Creative Commons / Miloš Hlávka
05 Jun 2013
By LAURA STEVENS in Frankfurt, LEOS ROUSEK in Prague and MARGIT FEHER in Budapest. Flooding in Central Europe spread Wednesday as swollen waters moved further east along the Danube River, threatening towns in eastern Austria and Slovakia's capital, Bratislava, while the rising Elbe River flooded outlying parts of Dresden in Germany ... Enlarge Image. Close ... Businesses also reported production standstills ... Rösler said at a news conference ... ....(size: 5.2Kb)
photo: AP / Sebastian Scheiner
07 Jun 2013
The Israeli army has significantly increased its manpower on the Syrian border close to the only border crossing between the two countries, which became the scene of a battle between Syrian government and opposition fighters yesterday ... In addition to the extra military deployment, the army told local farmers to keep away from the area yesterday ... The Israeli army refused to comment on the extra deployment ... ....(size: 2.3Kb)
photo: AP / Ahn Young-joon
07 Jun 2013
North Korea says it will restore a key hotline with South Korea, as the two Koreas discuss where to hold talks on a jointly-run industrial zone. Pyongyang said it would reopen a Red Cross hotline which it cut in March. It also invited officials to come to Kaesong for talks on Sunday on restarting operations at the factory zone, after the two sides agreed in principle to talks on Thursday ... 'Mistrust' ... Kaesong Industrial Complex ... ....(size: 2.5Kb)
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PR Newswire
08 Jun 2013
LOS ANGELES, June 7, 2013 /PRNewswire/ -- As the place for a general or cosmetic dentist Los Angeles residents turn to first, Hamlin Dental Group would like to remind the public that it's time to end their procrastination once and for all and schedule that long delayed dentist visit to head off any nasty dental surprises in the coming months....(size: 3.4Kb)
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Detroit Free Press
08 Jun 2013
Almost ... Like Los Angeles, where Postrel happens to be based ... Postrel claims that LA has a greater appreciation of the arts, because, she says, the Getty had 1.2 million visitors in a year, compared with the DIAs 526,000 ... Crunch those numbers, and its clear that a much larger percentage of the Detroit metro area cares about art 13% of metro Detroit's population visited the DIA last year, compared to just 9% in Los Angeles ... Huh?....(size: 2.9Kb)
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The Los Angeles Times
08 Jun 2013
In the spring of 1984, Los Angeles was about to hoist its flags to welcome the world to the Summer Olympics ... The Los Angeles Sheriff's Department started out calling the killer the "Valley Intruder" for his geographic forays, but Ramirez soon ranged a lot farther afield — so far afield that it was hard to think of these crimes as the work of the same man ... - Hero Complex - Los Angeles Times 06/07/2013, 4.57 p.m....(size: 7.7Kb)
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The Washington Times
08 Jun 2013
LOS ANGELES (AP) — Richard Ramirez, the demonic serial killer known as the Night Stalker who left satanic signs at murder scenes and mutilated victims’ bodies during a reign of terror in the 1980s, died early Friday in a hospital, a prison official said ... Ramirez was finally chased down and beaten in 1985 by residents of a blue-collar East Los Angeles neighborhood as he attempted a carjacking....(size: 9.4Kb)
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Huffington Post
08 Jun 2013
Much has been written in the wake of Los Angeles' recent mayoral election about the role of organized labor in the race and outcome. The convenient and popular narrative is that the results reflect a diminished role for labor as a force in Los Angeles politics ... Los Angeles is one of the richest cities in the history of the world -- literally; and yet, the income inequality and the explosion of working poor is virtually third world....(size: 3.9Kb)
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Baltimore Sun
08 Jun 2013
LOS ANGELES (Reuters) - Serial killer Richard Ramirez, who earned the nickname "Night Stalker" for his mid-1980s reign of terror in the Los Angeles region, died on Friday at a hospital near the prison where he was held, a corrections official said ... Ramirez was convicted of 13 murders in 1989 following a string of killings between June 1984 and August 1985 that horrified the Los Angeles region....(size: 2.9Kb)
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The Examiner
08 Jun 2013
Both the hometown teams (Angels and Dodgers) have created special events to get you into their stadiums ... Take some time and enjoy this jewel of Los Feliz, where you can catch up on some great reads and do some shopping ... This weekend, at the Vintage Cinemas Los Feliz 3 you can catch Now You See Me, screening at 1.30 p.m., 4.15 p.m., 7 p.m ... Have a great week, enjoy Los Feliz and Griffith Park, and we'll catch you soon with an update....(size: 7.9Kb)
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Daily Press
08 Jun 2013
Today, it's not a secret that legendary Hollywood star Rock Hudson was gay. But back in the 1950s, this was not the case ... Just released to The Hollywood Reporter by Otash's daughter, 11 boxes of the PI's documents include some startling revelations from the Hudson marriage ... Rock ... 0 ... Daily Press Virginia Gazette Tidewater Review Baltimore Sun Chicago Tribune Hartford Courant Los Angeles Times Orlando Sentinel Sun Sentinel The Morning Call....(size: 4.3Kb)
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CBC
08 Jun 2013
LOS ANGELES DODGERS [up from 22] ... Los Angeles was looking for a lift when they brought up Cuban ex-patriate Yasiel Puig but his first four games are worthy of a blockbuster Hollywood screenplay ... LOS ANGELES ANGELS [down from 21] ... He hit an eighth-inning home run to help Los Angeles beat the Cubs ... Morales, who hit .306 with 34 homers, 108 RBI in 2009 in Los Angeles, is leading Seattle regulars in average and RBI....(size: 12.9Kb)
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Reuters
08 Jun 2013
LOS ANGELES (Reuters) - A Los Angeles Superior Court judge has ordered a probate court investigator to make recommendations about the "health, education and welfare" of Paris Jackson, teenage daughter of late singer Michael Jackson, after an apparent suicide attempt this week, according to court documents ... The teenager was rushed to a Los ......(size: 1.9Kb)
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Toronto Sun
08 Jun 2013
LOS ANGELES - A Los Angeles Superior Court judge has ordered a probate court investigator to make recommendations about the “health, education and welfare” of Paris Jackson, teenage daughter of late singer Michael Jackson, after an apparent suicide attempt this week, according to court documents ... The teenager was rushed to a Los ......(size: 1.9Kb)
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noodls
08 Jun 2013
(Source. CSU - California State University). Fresno State Provost William A. Covino was named today as the recipient of the William M ... On May 22, the California State University Board of Trustees named Covino the next president at California State University, Los Angeles ... 1 ... According to philanthropic standards, the estimated economic impact of Fresno State's community service was greater than $28.5 million in the past year ... distributed by....(size: 2.6Kb)
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This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2006) |
Greater Hollywood is a region of the City of Los Angeles, United States. It encompases those areas that are a part of the Hollywood, Los Angeles, California district, or are adjacent to it and have similar characteristics. These are listed below.
Formerly a religious colony then an independent city, Hollywood was annexed by Los Angeles in 1910. Its name is synonymous with the motion picture industry, yet, much of movie production has moved out to neighboring communities. Tourists flock around Hollywood Boulevard and gaze up to the mountains to see the Hollywood sign. The last decade has brought in new life to the once-struggling parts of the Hollywood district with various developments taking advantage of the subway stations built within the past decade. The wealth of the neighborhoods here are strongly influenced by elevation with some of the wealthiest tracts in the country are up in the Hollywood Hills and gradually lessen to pockets of large working-class and transient populations further south and east.
Some also include the Los Feliz & Silver Lake area as part of a Greater Hollywood.
Hollywood[link]
File:Melrose3.jpg
Popular shops in the Melrose District
See also: West Hollywood, California and Universal City, California
- Hollywood, Los Angeles, California
- Beachwood Canyon (also called BeHo, Below the Hollywood Sign)
- Cahuenga Pass
- Hollywood Hills
- East Hollywood
- Outpost Estates
- Spaulding Square
- Melrose District
- Melrose Hill
- Sierra Vista
- Yucca Corridor, Los Angeles
Los Feliz and Silver Lake[link]
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greater_Hollywood,_Los_Angeles
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the district in Los Angeles. For information about the American film industry, see Cinema of the United States. For other uses, see Hollywood (disambiguation).
| Hollywood | |
|---|---|
| — District of Los Angeles — | |
 |
|
| Nickname(s): Tinseltown, The Entertainment Capital of the World |
|
 Hollywood
|
|
Hollywood
|
|
| Coordinates: 34°6′0″N 118°20′0″W / 34.1°N 118.333333°W / 34.1; -118.333333 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | County of Los Angeles |
| City | City of Los Angeles |
| Incorporated | 1903 |
| Government | |
| • City Council | Eric Garcetti, Tom LaBonge |
| • State Assembly | Mike Feuer (D), Vacant |
| • State Senate | Curren Price (D), Gilbert Cedillo (D) |
| • U.S. House | Xavier Becerra (D), Diane Watson (D), Henry Waxman (D) |
| Area[1] | |
| • Total | 24.96 sq mi (64.6 km2) |
| Population (2000)[1] | |
| • Total | 123,435 |
| • Density | 4,945/sq mi (1,909/km2) |
| ZIP Code | 90027, 90028, 90029, 90038, 90046, 90068 |
| Area code(s) | 323 |
Hollywood is a district in Los Angeles, California, United States situated west-northwest of downtown Los Angeles.[2] Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center of movie studios and movie stars, the word Hollywood is often used as a metonym of American cinema. Today, much of the movie industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as the Westside neighborhood,[3] and the San Fernando and Santa Clarita Valleys, but significant auxiliary industries, such as editing, effects, props, post-production, and lighting companies remain in Hollywood, as does the backlot of Paramount Pictures.
On February 16, 2005, California Assembly Members Jackie Goldberg and Paul Koretz introduced a bill to require California to keep specific records on Hollywood as if it were independent, although it is not the typical practice of the City of Los Angeles to establish specific boundaries for districts or neighborhoods. For this to be done, the boundaries were defined. The bill was unanimously supported by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce and the Los Angeles City Council. Assembly Bill 588 was approved by the Governor of California on August 28, 2006, and now the district of Hollywood has official borders. The border can be loosely described as the area east of West Hollywood, south of Mulholland Drive, Laurel Canyon, Cahuenga Boulevard, and Barham Boulevard, and the cities of Burbank and Glendale, north of Melrose Avenue and west of the Golden State Freeway and Hyperion Avenue. This includes all of Griffith Park and Los Feliz[citation needed] – two areas that were hitherto considered separate from Hollywood by most Angelenos.[4] The population of the district, including Los Feliz, as of the 2000 census was 123,436 and the median household income was $33,409 in 1999.[1]
As a district within the Los Angeles city limits, Hollywood does not have its own municipal government. There was an official, appointed by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce, who served as an honorary "Mayor of Hollywood" for ceremonial purposes only. Johnny Grant held this position from 1980 until his death on January 9, 2008.[5] However, no replacement has ever been named after Grant's death.
Contents |
History[link]
In 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera, named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area. By 1870, an agricultural community flourished in the area with thriving crops of many common and exotic varieties. The area was known to these residents as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north. Soon thereafter, land speculation led to subdivision of the large plots and an influx of homeowners.
In spite of the area's short history, it has been filled with events driven by optimistic progress. The name Hollywood was coined by H. J. Whitley, the "Father of Hollywood".[6][7][8][9][10][11] Whitley arranged to buy the 500-acre (2.0 km2) E.C. Hurd ranch and disclosed to him his plans for the land. They agreed on a price and Hurd agreed to sell at a later date. Before Whitley got off the ground with Hollywood, plans for the new town had spread to General Harrison Gray Otis, Mr Hurd's wife, Mrs. Daeida Wilcox, and numerous others through the mill of gossip and land speculation.
Daeida learned of the name Hollywood from her neighbor in Holly Canyon (now Lake Hollywood), Ivar Weid, a prominent investor and friend of Whitley's.[12][13] She recommended the same name to her husband, H. H. Wilcox. On February 1, 1887, Harvey filed a deed and map of property he sold with the Los Angeles County Recorder's office. Harvey wanted to be the first to record it on a deed. The early real-estate boom busted that same year, yet Hollywood began its slow growth.
By 1900, the region had a post office, newspaper, hotel, and two markets. Los Angeles, with a population of 102,479[14] lay 10 miles (16 km) east through the vineyards, barley fields, and citrus groves. A single-track streetcar line ran down the middle of Prospect Avenue from it, but service was infrequent and the trip took two hours. The old citrus fruit-packing house would be converted into a livery stable, improving transportation for the inhabitants of Hollywood.
The famous Hollywood Hotel, the first major hotel in Hollywood, was opened in 1902, by H. J. Whitley, then President of the Los Pacific Boulevard and Development Company, of which he was a major shareholder. Having finally acquired the Hurd ranch and subdivided it, Whitley built the hotel to attract land buyers, and was eager to sell these residential lots among the lemon ranches lining the foothills. Flanking the west side of Highland Avenue, the structure fronted on Prospect Avenue, which, still a dusty, unpaved road, was regularly graded and graveled. The Hotel was to become internationally known and was the center of the civic and social life and home of the stars for many years.[15] His company was developing and selling one of the early residential areas, the Ocean View Tract.[16][17][18] Whitley did much to promote the area. He paid many thousands of dollars for electric lighting, including bringing electricity and building a bank, as well as a road into the Cahuenga Pass. The lighting ran for several blocks down Prospect Avenue. Whitley's land was centered on Highland Avenue.[19][20][21]
Hollywood was incorporated as a municipality on November 14, 1903. The vote was 88 for incorporation and 77 against. On January 30, 1904, the voters in Hollywood decided, by a vote of 113 to 96, for the banishment of liquor in the city, except when it was being sold for medicinal purposes. Neither hotels nor restaurants were allowed to serve wine or liquor before or after meals.
By 1910, because of an ongoing struggle to secure an adequate water supply, town officials voted for Hollywood to be annexed into the City of Los Angeles, as the water system of the growing city had opened the Los Angeles Aqueduct and was piping water down from the Owens River in the Owens Valley. Another reason for the vote was that Hollywood could have access to drainage through Los Angeles' sewer system. With annexation, the name of Prospect Avenue was changed to Hollywood Boulevard and all the street numbers in the new district changed.[22] For example, 100 Prospect Avenue, at Vermont Avenue, became 6400 Hollywood Boulevard; and 100 Cahuenga Boulevard, at Hollywood Boulevard, changed to 1700 Cahuenga Boulevard.
Motion picture industry[link]
Main article: Cinema of the United States
The film patent wars of the early 20th century led to the spread of film companies across the U.S. Many worked with equipment for which they did not own the rights, and thus filming in New York could be dangerous; it was close to Edison's Company headquarters, and to agents the company set out to seize cameras. By 1912, most major film companies had set up production facilities in Southern California near or in Los Angeles because of the location's proximity to Mexico, as well as the region's favorable year-round weather.[23]
The Biograph Company filmed the short film A Daring Hold-Up in Southern California in Los Angeles in 1906.[24] The first studio in the Los Angeles area was established by the Selig Polyscope Company in Edendale, with construction beginning in August 1909.[25]
Prolific director D. W. Griffith was the first to make a motion picture in Hollywood. His 17-minute short film In Old California, which was released on March 10, 1910, was filmed entirely in the village of Hollywood for the Biograph Company.[26][27][28] Although Hollywood banned movie theaters—of which it had none—before annexation that year, Los Angeles had no such restriction.[29] The first film by a Hollywood Studio, Nestor Motion Picture Company, was shot on October 26, 1911.[7] The Whitley home was used as its set, and the unnamed movie was filmed in the middle of their groves on the corner of Whitley Ave and Hollywood Boulevard by directors Al Christie and David and William Horsley.[30]
Various producers and filmmakers moved bases from the east coast to escape punitive licensing from the Motion Picture Patents Company.[citation needed]
The first studio in Hollywood was established by the New Jersey–based Centaur Co., which wanted to make westerns in California. They rented an unused roadhouse at 6121 Sunset Boulevard at the corner of Gower, and converted it into a movie studio in October 1911, calling it Nestor Studio after the name of the western branch of their company.[31] The first feature film made specifically in a Hollywood studio, in 1914, was The Squaw Man, directed by Cecil B. DeMille and Oscar Apfel,[32] and was filmed at the Lasky-DeMille Barn among other area locations.
By 1911, Los Angeles was second only to New York in motion picture production,[33] and by 1915, the majority of American films were being produced in the Los Angeles area.[34]
Four major film companies – Paramount, Warner Bros., RKO and Columbia – had studios in Hollywood, as did several minor companies and rental studios. Hollywood had begun its dramatic transformation from sleepy suburb to movie production capital. The residential and agrarian Hollywood Boulevard of 1910 was virtually unrecognizable by 1920 as the new commercial and retail sector replaced it. The sleepy town was no more, and, to the chagrin of many original residents, the boom town could not be stopped.
1920s–1940s[link]
By 1920, Hollywood had become world-famous as the center of the United States film industry. In 1918, HJ Whitley commissioned architect A.S. Barnes to design Whitley Heights as a Mediterranean-style village on the steep hillsides above Hollywood Boulevard, and it became the first celebrity community.[35][36] The neighborhood is roughly bordered on the north and east by Cahuenga Boulevard, on the west by Highland Avenue, and on the south by Franklin Avenue. Among Whitley Heights' many famous residents have been Rudolph Valentino, Barbara Stanwyck, W.C. Fields, Jean Harlow, Carole Lombard, William Powell. Tyrone Power, Gloria Swanson, Rosalind Russell, Judy Garland, and Marlene Dietrich.[37][38][39][40][40][41][42][43][44][45]
From the 1920s to the 1940s, a large percentage of transportation to and from Hollywood was by means of the red cars of the Pacific Electric Railway.
Modern Hollywood[link]
On January 22, 1947, the first commercial television station west of the Mississippi River, KTLA, began operating in Hollywood. In December of that year, The Public Prosecutor became the first network television series to be filmed in Hollywood. In the 1950s, music recording studios and offices began moving into Hollywood. Other businesses, however, continued to migrate to different parts of the Los Angeles area, primarily to Burbank. Much of the movie industry remained in Hollywood, although the district's outward appearance changed.
In 1952, CBS built CBS Television City on the corner of Fairfax Avenue and Beverly Boulevard, on the former site of Gilmore Stadium. CBS's expansion into the Fairfax District pushed the unofficial boundary of Hollywood farther south than it had been. CBS's slogan for the shows taped there was "From Television City in Hollywood..."
During the early 1950s the famous Hollywood Freeway was constructed from Four Level Interchange interchange in downtown Los Angeles, past the Hollywood Bowl, up through Cahuenga Pass and into the San Fernando Valley. In the early days, streetcars ran up through the pass, on rails running along the central median.
The famous Capitol Records Building on Vine St. just north of Hollywood Boulevard was built in 1956. The building houses offices and recording studios, which are not open to the public, but its circular design looks like a stack of 7-inch (180 mm) vinyl records.
The now derelict lot at the corner of Hollywood Boulevard and Serrano Avenue was once the site of the illustrious Hollywood Professional School (1935-1984), whose alumni reads like a Hollywood Who's Who of household "names". Many of these former child stars attended a "farewell" party at the commemorative sealing of a time capsule buried on the lot.
The Hollywood Walk of Fame was created in 1958 as a tribute to artists and other significant contributors within the entertainment industry. Official groundbreaking occurred on February 8, 1960, and the first star to be permanently installed was that of director Stanley Kramer (not Joanne Woodward, as commonly related).[46][47] A detailed history of the Walk can be found in the Walk of Fame main article. Honorees receive a star based on their achievements in motion pictures, live theatre, radio, television, and/or music, as well as their charitable and civic contributions.
During the 1980s, Hollywood was the heart of a new Hard rock movement known as Glam metal. The most known Hollywood glam metal and hard rock bands include Mötley Crüe, Poison, RATT, W.A.S.P, Quiet Riot, Guns N' Roses and Van Halen. These bands were notorious for their debauched and promiscuous lifestyle of late-night parties, drug and alcohol abuse, casual sex and backstage groupie antics. A haven for the pulsating music scene of the time, Hollywood also saw a number of popular bands from different genres emerge, such as Jane's Addiction, Metallica and various others.
In 1985, the Hollywood Boulevard Commercial and Entertainment District was officially listed in the National Register of Historic Places protecting important buildings and ensuring that the significance of Hollywood's past would always be a part of its future.
In June 1999, the Hollywood extension of the Los Angeles County Metro Rail Red Line subway opened, running from Downtown Los Angeles to the San Fernando Valley, with stops along Hollywood Boulevard at Western Avenue, Vine Street and Highland Avenue.
The Dolby Theatre, which opened in 2001 on Hollywood Boulevard at Highland Avenue, where the historic Hollywood Hotel once stood, has become the new home of the Oscars.
While motion picture production still occurs within the Hollywood district, most major studios are actually located elsewhere in the Los Angeles region. Paramount Pictures is the only major studio still physically located within Hollywood. Other studios in the district include the aforementioned Jim Henson (formerly Chaplin) Studios, Sunset Gower Studios, and Raleigh Studios.
While Hollywood and the adjacent neighborhood of Los Feliz served as the initial homes for all of the early television stations in the Los Angeles market, most have now relocated to other locations within the metropolitan area. KNBC began this exodus in 1962, when it moved from the former NBC Radio City Studios located at the northeast corner of Sunset Boulevard and Vine Street to NBC Studios in Burbank. KTTV (purchased by FOX) pulled up stakes in 1996 from its former home at Metromedia Square on Sunset Boulevard to relocate to the FOX Studio lot in West Los Angeles. KABC-TV moved from its original location at ABC Television Center (now branded The Prospect Studios) just east of Hollywood to Glendale in 2000, though the Los Angeles bureau of ABC News still resides at Prospect and still serves as an ABC Network studios facility. After being purchased by 20th Century Fox in 2001, KCOP left its former home on La Brea Avenue to join KTTV on the Fox lot. The CBS Corporation-owned duopoly of KCBS-TV and KCAL-TV moved from its longtime home at CBS Columbia Square on Sunset Boulevard to a new facility at CBS Studio Center in Studio City. KTLA and KCET, both located on Sunset Boulevard, are the last broadcasters (television or radio) with Hollywood addresses. However, KCET has since sold its studios on Sunset and plans to move to another location.
In addition, Hollywood once served as the home of nearly every radio station in Los Angeles, all of which have now moved into other communities, especially Burbank, but a fair number also relocated to Wilshire Center and Miracle Mile district with the latter being home to many TV production companies including Mark Goodson and the E! network. KNX was the last station to broadcast from Hollywood, when it left CBS Columbia Square for a studio in the Miracle Mile in 2005. While Hollywood was home to several foreign-language radio stations, they too moved to many of the same areas as their English language counter-parts. In fact, today, not a single L.A. market radio station has operations in Hollywood.
In 2002, a number of Hollywood citizens began a campaign for the district to secede from Los Angeles and become, as it had been a century earlier, its own incorporated municipality. Secession supporters argued that the needs of their community were being ignored by the leaders of Los Angeles. In June of that year, the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors placed secession referendums for both Hollywood and the San Fernando Valley on the ballots for a "citywide election." To pass, they required the approval of a majority of voters in the proposed new municipality as well as a majority of voters in all of Los Angeles. In the November election, both referendums failed by wide margins in the citywide vote.
Hollywood is served by several neighborhood councils, including the Hollywood United Neighborhood Council (HUNC)[48] and the Hollywood Studio District Neighborhood Council.[49] These two groups are part of the network of neighborhood councils certified by the City of Los Angeles Department of Neighborhood Empowerment.[50] Neighborhood Councils cast advisory votes on such issues as zoning, planning, and other community issues. The council members are voted in by stakeholders, generally defined as anyone living, working, owning property, or belonging to an organization within the boundaries of the council.[51]
Revitalization[link]
After many years of serious decline, when many Hollywood landmarks were threatened with demolition,[52] Hollywood is now undergoing rapid gentrification and revitalization with the goal of urban density in mind.[citation needed] Many developments have been completed, typically centered on Hollywood Boulevard. The Hollywood and Highland complex (site of the Kodak Theater) has been a major catalyst for the redevelopment of the area. In addition, numerous fashionable bars, clubs, and retail businesses have opened on or surrounding the boulevard, returning Hollywood to a center of nightlife in Los Angeles. Many older buildings have also been converted to lofts and condominiums. The W Hollywood Hotel is now open at the intersection of Hollywood and Vine.
Hollywood neighborhoods and communities[link]
- Cahuenga Pass
- Hollywood Hills
- East Hollywood
- Melrose District
- Melrose Hill
- Sierra Vista
- Spaulding Square
- Yucca Corridor.
Government[link]
Fire services[link]
Los Angeles Fire Department operates four fire stations – Station 27, 41, 52, and 82 – in the area.
County representation[link]
The Los Angeles County Department of Health Services operates the Hollywood-Wilshire Health Center in Hollywood.[53]
Federal representation[link]
The United States Postal Service operates the Hollywood Post Office,[54] the Hollywood Pavilion Post Office,[55] and the Sunset Post Office.[56]
Demographics[link]
As of the 2000 census, there were 210,777 people residing in the Community Plan Area of Hollywood. The population density was 8,443 people per square mile (3,261/km²). The racial makeup of the community was 59.84% White (47.27% White Non-Hispanic), 9.44% Asian, 0.13% Pacific Islander, 4.28% Black, 0.62% Native American, 19.10% from other races, and 6.59% from two or more races. 34.51% of the population were Hispanic of any race. 49.63% of the population was foreign born; of this, 46.24% came from Latin America, 32.73% from Asia, 17.80% from Europe and 3.23% from other parts of the world.[57]
Education[link]
Students who live in Hollywood are zoned to schools in the Los Angeles Unified School District. The area is within Board District 4.[58] As of 2008 Marlene Canter represents the district.[59] Canter announced that she will not seek re-election after her term expires in June 2009.[60]
Elementary schools:
- Cheremoya Elementary School
- Vineyard Street Elementary School
- Ramona Elementary School
- Gardner Elementary School
- Valley View Elementary School
- Grant Elementary School
- Selma Ave. Elementary School
Middle schools:
Hollywood High School and Helen Bernstein High School are public high schools in the Hollywood area.
Christ the King Elementary School is a private school in the area.
For many years, the motion picture Industry had its own private Industry-run institution for child actors, the Hollywood Professional School (1935-1984).
Public libraries[link]
The Will and Ariel Durant Branch and the Frances Howard Goldwyn – Hollywood Regional Branch of the Los Angeles Public Library are in Hollywood.
Landmarks[link]
- Barnsdall Art Park
- Capitol Records Tower
- CBS Columbia Square
- Charlie Chaplin Studios
- Cinerama Dome
- Crossroads of the World
- Dolby Theatre
- Earl Carroll Theatre (currently Nickelodeon on Sunset)
- El Capitan Theatre
- Frederick's of Hollywood
- Gibson Amphitheatre
- Gower Gulch
- Grauman's Chinese Theatre
- Grauman's Egyptian Theatre
- Guitar Center
- Hollywood & Western Building
- Hollywood and Highland Center
- Hollywood and Vine
- Hollywood Bowl
- Hollywood Forever Cemetery
- Hollywood Heritage Museum
- Hollywood High School
- Hollywood Palladium
- Hollywood Masonic Temple
- Hollywood Sign
- Hollywood Walk of Fame
- Hollywood Wax Museum
- KCBS-TV
- KCET
- Knickerbocker Hotel
- KTLA
- Pantages Theatre
- Paramount Pictures
- Ripley's Believe It Or Not! Odditorium
- Rock 'n' Roll Ralphs
- Roosevelt Hotel
- Runyon Canyon Park
- Sunset Gower Studios
- Sunset Strip
- The Laugh Factory
- The Magic Castle
- The Prospect Studios
- Universal Studios Hollywood
- Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre
- Whitley Heights
Special events[link]
- The Academy Awards are held in late February/early March (since 2004) of each year, honoring the preceding year in film. Prior to 2004, they were held in late March/early April. Since 2002, the Oscars have been held at their new home at the Kodak Theater at Hollywood Boulevard and Highland Avenue.
- CINECON Classic Film Festival & Exposition (Annual timing is five days—connected to Labor Day weekend) Classic film memorabilia, expert presentations, author signings, and movie screenings with celebrity guests.
- The annual Hollywood Christmas Parade: The 2006 parade on Nov. 26 was the 75th edition of the Christmas Parade. The parade goes down Hollywood Boulevard and is broadcast in the LA area on KTLA, and around the United States on Tribune-owned stations and the WGN superstation.[61]
-
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
See also[link]
- Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments in Hollywood
- 2007-2008 Writers Guild of America strike
- Cinema of the United States
- Hollywood cerise
- Hollywood Pictures
- Hollywood Principle
- Hollywood Subway
- Hollywood Walk of Fame
- History of cinema
- List of Hollywood novels
- List of movie-related topics
- List of movies set in Los Angeles
- List of television shows set in Los Angeles
- West Hollywood, California
References[link]
- Notes
- ^ a b c "LA Almanac". Archived from the original on September 5, 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060905042007/http://www.laalmanac.com/LA/la00c25.htm. Retrieved May 24, 2007.
- ^ City of Los Angeles Map – Larger View
- ^ Final Evaluation. (PDF) . Retrieved on 2011-12-11.
- ^ "Mapping L.A.". Los Angeles Times. http://projects.latimes.com/mapping-la/neighborhoods/region/central-la/. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
- ^ "Johnny Grant, honorary Hollywood mayor, dies". CNN. January 10, 2008. http://www.cnn.com/2008/SHOWBIZ/TV/01/10/grant.obit. Retrieved January 12, 2008.
- ^ California Historian Volume 54, Number 4 published by Conference of California Historical Societies (2008) California Historian Magazine
- ^ a b FOX 40 News(2011)Father Hollywood – KTXL
- ^ Jonathan Magazine http://www.thefatherofhollywood.com/Jonathans.pdf (March 2009)
- ^ Margaret Leslie Davis, Rivers in the Desert (1993), p. 92.
- ^ Hollywood – Britannica retrieved 9-3-2010 Real-estate magnate H.J. Whitley, known as the “Father of Hollywood,” transformed Hollywood into a wealthy and popular residential
- ^ DEATH CALLS H. J. WHITLEY. Retrieved July 17, 2008. "H. J. Whitley, pioneer California real estate man and known as the "Father of Hollywood" died yesterday at the age of 83 years and after an illness of more than a year. Mr. Whitley died during his sleep while staying as a guest of his son Ross Whitley at the Whitley Park"
- ^ The Father of Hollywood by Gaelyn Whitley Keith (2010) pg. 127pg http://www.thefatherofhollywood.com/
- ^ The Quarterly, pg 93–94
- ^ No. HS-7. Population of the Largest 75 Cities: 1900 to 2000
- ^ Hollywood Daily Citizen (1931)
- ^ Los Angeles Times (May 18, 1902) http://www.thefatherofhollywood.com/media_Room.shtml
- ^ Los Angeles-Pacific Boulevard Company (1902)
- ^ Los Angeles from the mountains to the sea: with selected biography ..., Volume 3 By John Steven McGroarty 1921 pg. 815
- ^ Cahuenga Valley Sentinel (May 7, 1904).
- ^ Hollywood Citizen (Spring Addition March 4, 1914).
- ^ The Van Nuys News (July 6, 1923)
- ^ Hollywood California | Hollywood History and Information. Abouthollywood.com (2010-11-16). Retrieved on 2011-12-11.
- ^ Jacobs, Lewis; Rise of the American film, The; Harcourt Brace, New York, 1930; p. 85
- ^ Niver (1971), p. 262.
- ^ Robertson (2001), p. 21.
- ^ Philip French (February 28, 2010). "How 100 years of Hollywood have charted the history of America". The Guardian. UK. http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2010/feb/28/philip-french-best-hollywood-films. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
- ^ RASMUSSEN, CECILIA (August 1, 1999). "L.A. Then and Now: Film Pioneer Griffith Rode History to Fame". Los Angeles Times: p. 3.
- ^ Dyson, Jonathan (March 4, 2000). "How the West was won Time lapse". The Independent (London (UK)): p. 54.
- ^ Friedrich, Otto (1986). City of Nets: A Portrait of Hollywood in the 1940s. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 6. ISBN 0-520-20949-4. http://books.google.com/books?id=0x8AFchW4JsC&lpg=PP1&dq=city%20of%20nets&pg=PA6#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ The Father of Hollywood by Gaelyn Whitley Keith (August 31, 2010)www.thefatherofhollywood.com
- ^ Robertson (2001), p. 21. The facility later became the Hollywood Film Laboratory, which is now called the Hollywood Digital Laboratory.
- ^ Feature-length films made in the Los Angeles area before The Squaw Man include From Dusk to Dawn (1913) and The Sea Wolf (1913). American Film Institute Catalog of Motion Pictures.
- ^ Eileen Bowser, The Transformation of Cinema, 1907–1915, University of California Press, 1990, p. 160. ISBN 978-0-520-08534-3.
- ^ Koszarski (1994), p. 99.
- ^ Whitley Heights Los Angeles Times 1-13-2008
- ^ Angeles by Laurie Connor http://www.whitleyheights.org/about5.html
- ^ Office of Historic Resources http://www.preservation.lacity.org/hpoz/la/whitley-heights
- ^ Discover Hollywood Magazine (Spring 2010) http://www.whitleyheights.org/about9.html
- ^ L A Conservancy http://www.laconservancy.org/initiatives/hpoz_WhitleyHts.pdf
- ^ a b Los Angeles Times (January 13, 2009) http://www.whitleyheights.org/about8.html
- ^ Architectural Digest (April 1996)http://www.whitleyheights.org/about1.html
- ^ Owensmouth Baby by Catherine Mulholland (1987)http://www.thefatherofhollywood.com/TheOwensmouthBabybyCatherineMulholland.pdf
- ^ William Mulholland and the Rise of Los Angeles by Catherine Mulholland (2000)http://www.amazon.com/dp/0520234669
- ^ Who's Who in Los Angels County Pg. 334 (1925)
- ^ The Making of Hollywood by Margaret Virginia Whitley (1930
- ^ History of WOF hollywoodchamber.net; Hollywood Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
- ^ "Kramer First Name Put in Walk of Fame"(abstract). Los Angeles Times, March 29, 1960, p. 15. Full article: LA Times Archives Retrieved June 12, 2010.
- ^ Hollywood United Neighborhood Council
- ^ Hollywood Studio District Neighborhood Council
- ^ Los Angeles Department of Neighborhood Enpowerment
- ^ HSDNC.org: FAQs
- ^ Russell Leavitt, In California: A Fading Hollywood, TIME magazine, June 14, 1982
- ^ "Hollywood-Wilshire Health Center." Los Angeles County Department of Health Services. Retrieved on March 18, 2010.
- ^ "Post Office™ Location – HOLLYWOOD." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on March 18, 2010.
- ^ "Post Office™ Location – HOLLYWOOD PAVILION." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on March 18, 2010.
- ^ "Post Office™ Location – SUNSET." United States Postal Service. Retrieved on March 18, 2010.
- ^ City of Los Angeles Census 2000 Statistical Profile, Community Plan Area: Hollywood
- ^ Board District 4 Map. Los Angeles Unified School District. Retrieved on November 24, 2008.
- ^ "Board Members." Los Angeles Unified School District. Retrieved on November 24, 2008.
- ^ "Two LAUSD board members retire, Friedlander wins Shoah scholarship prize." The Jewish Journal. November 12, 2008.
- ^ http://hollywoodchamber.net/icons/parade.asp hollywoodchamber.net
External links[link]
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Hollywood |
- Hollywood at the Open Directory Project
- AboutHollywood.com – Top Hollywood Area Resource
Coordinates: 34°06′N 118°20′W / 34.1°N 118.333°W / 34.1; -118.333
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http://wn.com/Hollywood
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollywood
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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"L.A." redirects here. For other uses, see La.
This article is about the U.S. city. For other uses, see Los Angeles (disambiguation).
| Los Angeles | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| — City — | |||
| City of Los Angeles | |||
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| Nickname(s): L.A., the City of Angels,[1] Angeltown,[2] La-La Land[3] | |||
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Los Angeles
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| Coordinates: 34°03′N 118°15′W / 34.05°N 118.25°W / 34.05; -118.25Coordinates: 34°03′N 118°15′W / 34.05°N 118.25°W / 34.05; -118.25 | |||
| Country | United States | ||
| State | California | ||
| County | Los Angeles | ||
| Settled | September 4, 1781 | ||
| Incorporated | April 4, 1850 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Type | Mayor-Council | ||
| • Body | Los Angeles City Council | ||
| • Mayor | Antonio Villaraigosa | ||
| • City Attorney | Carmen Trutanich | ||
| • City Controller | Wendy Greuel | ||
| Area[4] | |||
| • City | 502.693 sq mi (1,301.970 km2) | ||
| • Land | 468.670 sq mi (1,213.850 km2) | ||
| • Water | 34.023 sq mi (88.119 km2) 6.77% | ||
| Elevation | 233 (city hall) ft (71 m) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • City | 3,792,621 | ||
| • Rank | (2nd US, 48th World) | ||
| • Density | 8,092.30/sq mi (3,124.45/km2) | ||
| • Metro | 12,828,837 | ||
| • CSA | 17,786,419 | ||
| 2010 United States Census | |||
| Demonym | Angeleno | ||
| Time zone | PST (UTC-8) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | PDT (UTC−7) | ||
| ZIP code | 90001–90068, 90070–90084, 90086–90089, 90091, 90093–90097, 90099, 90101–90103, 90174, 90185, 90189, 90291-90293, 91040–91043, 91303–91308, 91342–91349, 91352–91353, 91356–91357, 91364–91367, 91401–91499, 91601–91609 | ||
| Area code(s) | 213, 310/424, 323, 661, 747/818 | ||
| Website | lacity.org | ||
Los Angeles (
i/lɒs ˈændʒələs/ loss-AN-jə-ləs; Spanish: [los ˈaŋxeles], which is written Los Ángeles; British pronounciation /lɒs ˈændʒəliːz/ loss-AN-jə-leez) with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in the state of California, and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City.[5] It has an area of 468.67 square miles (1,213.8 km2), and is located in Southern California. Often known by its initials L.A., the city is the focal point of the larger Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan statistical area and Greater Los Angeles Area region, which contain 12,828,837 and nearly 18 million people respectively as of 2010, making it one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world[6] and the second largest in the United States.[7] Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most ethnically diverse counties[8] in the United States, while the entire Los Angeles area itself has been recognized as the most diverse of the nation's largest cities.[9] The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos".[10]
Los Angeles was founded on September 4, 1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve.[11] It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence.[12] In 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States.[13] Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4, 1850, five months before California achieved statehood.[14]
Nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is a leading world center of business, international trade, entertainment, culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, and education, and has been ranked the third richest city and fifth most powerful and influential city in the world.[15][16] The city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area (CSA) has a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of $831 billion (as of 2008), making it the third largest economic center in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas.[17] As the home base of Hollywood, it is also known as the "Entertainment Capital of the World," leading the world in the creation of television production, video games, and recorded music. The importance of the entertainment business to the city has led many celebrities to call Los Angeles and its surrounding suburbs home. Additionally, Los Angeles hosted the Summer Olympics in 1932 and 1984.
Contents |
History[link]
Historical Affiliations
Spanish Empire 1781–1821
First Mexican Empire 1821–1823
United Mexican States 1823–1848
United States of America 1848–present
Main article: History of Los Angeles
The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva (or Gabrieleños) and Chumash Native American tribes thousands of years ago. Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, a Portuguese-born explorer, claimed the area of southern California for the Spanish Empire in 1542.[18] Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2, 1769.[19]
In 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcangel, the first mission in the area.[20] On September 4, 1781, a group of forty-four settlers known as "Los Pobladores" founded the pueblo called "La Reyna de los Angeles", named for Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles del Río de Porciúncula (Our Lady the Queen of the Angels of the Porciúncula River).[21] Two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with African, Amerindian, and European ancestry.[22] The settlement remained a small ranch town for decades, but by 1820 the population had increased to about 650 residents.[23] Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the historic district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street, the oldest part of Los Angeles.[24]
New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, and the pueblo continued as a part of Mexico. During Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico, made Los Angeles Alta California's regional capital. Mexican rule ended during the Mexican–American War: Americans took control from the Californios after a series of battles, culminating with the signing of the Treaty of Cahuenga on January 13, 1847.[25]
Railroads arrived with the completion of the Southern Pacific line to Los Angeles in 1876.[26] Oil was discovered in 1892, and by 1923, the discoveries had helped California become the country's largest oil producer, accounting for about one-quarter of the world's petroleum output.[27]
By 1900, the population had grown to more than 102,000,[28] putting pressure on the city's water supply.[29] The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, under the supervision of William Mulholland, assured the continued growth of the city.[30]
In 1910, not only had the city of Los Angeles annexed Hollywood, but there were already at least 10 movie companies operating in the city. By 1921, more than 80 percent of the world's film industry was concentrated in L.A.[31] The money generated by the industry kept the city insulated from much of the economic pain suffered by the rest of the country during the Great Depression.[32] By 1930, the population surpassed one million.[33] In 1932, the city hosted the Summer Olympics.
Following the end of World War II, Los Angeles grew more rapidly than ever, sprawling into the San Fernando Valley.[34] In 1969, Los Angeles became one of the birthplaces of the Internet, as the first ARPANET transmission was sent from the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) to SRI in Menlo Park.[35]
In 1984, the city hosted the Summer Olympic Games for the second time. Despite being boycotted by 14 Communist countries, the 1984 Olympics became more financially successful than any previous,[36] and the second Olympics to turn a profit until then – the other, according to an analysis of contemporary newspaper reports, being the 1932 Summer Olympics, also held in Los Angeles.[37]
Racial tensions erupted on April 29, 1992, with the acquittal by a Simi Valley jury of the police officers captured on videotape beating Rodney King, culminating in large-scale riots.[38] In 1994, the 6.7 Northridge earthquake shook the city, causing $12.5 billion in damage and 72 deaths.[39] The century ended with the Rampart scandal, one of the most extensive documented cases of police misconduct in American history.[40]
In 2002, voters defeated efforts by the San Fernando Valley and Hollywood to secede from the city.[41]
Geography[link]
See also: Los Angeles Basin, San Fernando Valley, Greater Los Angeles area, and Los Angeles County, California
Topography[link]
Los Angeles is irregularly shaped and covers a total area of 502.7 square miles (1,302 km2), comprising 468.7 square miles (1,214 km2) of land and 34.0 square miles (88 km2) of water.[4] The city extends for 44 miles (71 km) longitudinally and for 29 miles (47 km) latitudinally. The perimeter of the city is 342 miles (550 km).
Los Angeles is both flat and hilly. The highest point in the city is 5,074 ft (1,547 m) Mount Lukens,[42][43] located at the northeastern end of the San Fernando Valley. The eastern end of the Santa Monica Mountains stretches from Downtown to the Pacific Ocean and separates the Los Angeles Basin from the San Fernando Valley. Other hilly parts of Los Angeles include the Mt. Washington area north of Downtown, eastern parts such as Boyle Heights, the Crenshaw district around the Baldwin Hills, and the San Pedro district.
The Los Angeles River, which is largely seasonal, is the primary drainage channel. It was straightened and lined in 51 miles of concrete by the Army Corps of Engineers to act as a flood control channel.[44] The river begins in the Canoga Park district of the city, flows east from the San Fernando Valley along the north edge of the Santa Monica Mountains, and turns south through the city center, flowing to its mouth in the Port of Long Beach at the Pacific Ocean. The smaller Ballona Creek flows into the Santa Monica Bay at Playa del Rey.
The Los Angeles area is rich in native plant species due in part to a diversity in habitats, including beaches, wetlands, and mountains. The most prevalent botanical environment is coastal sage scrub,[45] which covers the hillsides in combustible chaparral. Native plants include: California poppy, matilija poppy, toyon, Coast Live Oak, and Giant Wildrye. Many of these native species, such as the Los Angeles sunflower, have become so rare as to be considered endangered. Though it is not native to the area, the official tree of Los Angeles is the Coral Tree (Erythrina caffra)[46] and the official flower of Los Angeles is the Bird of Paradise (Strelitzia reginae).[47] Mexican Fan Palms, California Fan Palms, and Canary Island Palms can be seen throughout the Los Angeles area, despite the latter being non-indigenous to Southern California.
Geology[link]
Los Angeles is subject to earthquakes due to its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire. The geologic instability has produced numerous faults, which cause approximately 10,000 earthquakes annually.[48] One of the major faults is the San Andreas Fault. Located at the boundary between the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, it is predicted to be the source of Southern California's next big earthquake.[49] Major earthquakes to have hit the Los Angeles area include the 1994 Northridge earthquake, the 1987 Whittier Narrows earthquake, the 1971 San Fernando earthquake near Sylmar, and the 1933 Long Beach earthquake. Nevertheless, all but a few quakes are of low intensity and are not felt.[48] The Los Angeles basin and metropolitan area are also at risk from blind thrust earthquakes.[50] Parts of the city are also vulnerable to tsunamis; harbor areas were damaged by waves from the Valdivia earthquake in 1960.[51]
Climate[link]
Main article: Climate of the Los Angeles Basin
Los Angeles has a Subtropical-Mediterranean climate (Köppen climate classification Csb on the coast, Csa inland), and receives just enough annual precipitation to avoid Köppen's BSh (semi-arid climate) classification. Los Angeles has plenty of sunshine throughout the year, with an average of only 35 days with measurable precipitation annually.[52]
The average annual temperature in downtown is 66 °F (19 °C): 75 °F (24 °C) during the day and 57 °F (14 °C) at night. In the coldest month, January, the temperature typically ranges from 59 to 73 °F (15 to 23 °C) during the day and 45 to 55 °F (7 to 13 °C) at night. In the warmest month – August – the temperature typically ranges from 79 to 90 °F (26 to 32 °C) during the day and around 64 °F (18 °C) at night. Temperatures exceed 90 °F (32 °C) on a dozen or so days in the year, from one day a month in April, May, June and November to three days a month in July, August, October and to five days in September.[52] Temperatures are subject to substantial daily swings; in inland areas the difference between the average daily low and the average daily high is over 30 °F (17 °C).[53] The average annual temperature of the sea is 63 °F (17 °C), from 58 °F (14 °C) in January to 68 °F (20 °C) in August.[54] Hours of sunshine total more than 3,000 per year, from an average of 7 hours of sunshine per day in December to an average of 12 in July.[55]
The Los Angeles area is also subject to phenomena typical of a microclimate, causing extreme variations in temperature in close physical proximity to each other. For instance, the average July maximum temperature at the Santa Monica Pier is 75 °F (24 °C) whereas it is 95 °F (35 °C) in Canoga Park.[56] The city, like much of the southern California coast, is subject to a late spring/early summer weather phenomenon called "June Gloom." This involves overcast or foggy skies in the morning which yield to sun by early afternoon.[57]
Downtown Los Angeles averages 15.14 inches (384.6 mm) of precipitation annually, which mainly occurs during the winter and spring (November through April) with generally moderate rain showers, but often as heavy rainfall and thunderstorms during winter storms. The coast gets slightly less rainfall, while the mountains get slightly more. However the San Fernando Valley Region of Los Angeles can get between 16 and 20 inches (410 and 510 mm) of rain per year. Years of average rainfall are rare; the usual pattern is bimodal, with a short string of dry years (perhaps 7–8 inches/180–200 millimetres) followed by one or two wet years that make up the average. Snowfall is extremely rare in the city basin, but the mountains within city limits typically receive snowfall every winter. The greatest snowfall recorded in downtown Los Angeles was 2 inches (5 cm) in 1932.[58] The highest recorded temperature in downtown Los Angeles is 113 °F (45 °C) on September 27, 2010[59] and the lowest recorded temperature is 24 °F (−4 °C) on December 22, 1944.
| Climate data for Los Angeles (Downtown), 1981-2010 normals | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °F (°C) | 68.6 (20.3) |
69.2 (20.7) |
70.5 (21.4) |
73.1 (22.8) |
75.0 (23.9) |
78.6 (25.9) |
83.5 (28.6) |
84.8 (29.3) |
83.5 (28.6) |
78.8 (26.0) |
73.1 (22.8) |
68.0 (20.0) |
75.56 (24.20) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 59.2 (15.1) |
60.2 (15.7) |
61.7 (16.5) |
64.3 (17.9) |
67.0 (19.4) |
70.3 (21.3) |
74.4 (23.6) |
75.3 (24.1) |
74.1 (23.4) |
69.6 (20.9) |
63.4 (17.4) |
58.6 (14.8) |
66.51 (19.17) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 49.7 (9.8) |
51.1 (10.6) |
53.0 (11.7) |
55.4 (13.0) |
59.0 (15.0) |
62.0 (16.7) |
65.3 (18.5) |
65.8 (18.8) |
64.8 (18.2) |
60.4 (15.8) |
53.6 (12.0) |
49.1 (9.5) |
57.43 (14.13) |
| Precipitation inches (mm) | 3.12 (79.2) |
3.80 (96.5) |
2.43 (61.7) |
0.91 (23.1) |
0.26 (6.6) |
0.09 (2.3) |
0.01 (0.3) |
0.04 (1) |
0.24 (6.1) |
0.66 (16.8) |
1.04 (26.4) |
2.33 (59.2) |
14.93 (379.2) |
| Avg. precipitation days | 6.1 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 3.2 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 2.5 | 3.3 | 5.2 | 35.7 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 225.3 | 222.5 | 267.0 | 303.5 | 276.2 | 275.8 | 364.1 | 349.5 | 278.5 | 255.1 | 217.3 | 219.4 | 3,254.2 |
| Source: NOAA [60] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Los Angeles (LAX, at the coast) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °F (°C) | 65.6 (18.7) |
65.8 (18.8) |
65.3 (18.5) |
68.0 (20.0) |
69.3 (20.7) |
72.6 (22.6) |
75.3 (24.1) |
76.8 (24.9) |
76.5 (24.7) |
74.3 (23.5) |
70.4 (21.3) |
66.7 (19.3) |
70.6 (21.4) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 57.1 (13.9) |
58.0 (14.4) |
58.3 (14.6) |
60.8 (16.0) |
63.1 (17.3) |
66.4 (19.1) |
69.3 (20.7) |
70.7 (21.5) |
70.1 (21.2) |
66.9 (19.4) |
61.6 (16.4) |
57.6 (14.2) |
63.3 (17.4) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 48.6 (9.2) |
50.1 (10.1) |
51.3 (10.7) |
53.6 (12.0) |
56.9 (13.8) |
60.1 (15.6) |
63.3 (17.4) |
64.5 (18.1) |
63.6 (17.6) |
59.4 (15.2) |
52.7 (11.5) |
48.5 (9.2) |
56.1 (13.4) |
| Rainfall inches (mm) | 2.98 (75.7) |
3.11 (79) |
2.40 (61) |
0.63 (16) |
0.24 (6.1) |
0.08 (2) |
0.03 (0.8) |
0.14 (3.6) |
0.26 (6.6) |
0.36 (9.1) |
1.13 (28.7) |
1.79 (45.5) |
13.15 (334) |
| Avg. rainy days (≥ 0.01 in) | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 2.6 | 1.3 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 1.2 | 2.0 | 3.1 | 4.7 | 35.5 |
| Source: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration[61] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Los Angeles (Canoga Park, in the San Fernando Valley) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °F (°C) | 67.9 (19.9) |
69.9 (21.1) |
72.0 (22.2) |
77.7 (25.4) |
81.3 (27.4) |
88.8 (31.6) |
95.0 (35.0) |
96.0 (35.6) |
91.7 (33.2) |
84.4 (29.1) |
74.7 (23.7) |
68.8 (20.4) |
80.7 (27.1) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 53.7 (12.1) |
55.4 (13.0) |
57.2 (14.0) |
61.3 (16.3) |
65.2 (18.4) |
71.0 (21.7) |
76.0 (24.4) |
76.8 (24.9) |
73.5 (23.1) |
66.8 (19.3) |
58.2 (14.6) |
53.6 (12.0) |
64.1 (17.8) |
| Average low °F (°C) | 39.5 (4.2) |
40.9 (4.9) |
42.3 (5.7) |
44.8 (7.1) |
49.1 (9.5) |
53.2 (11.8) |
56.9 (13.8) |
57.6 (14.2) |
55.2 (12.9) |
49.2 (9.6) |
41.7 (5.4) |
38.3 (3.5) |
47.4 (8.6) |
| Rainfall inches (mm) | 3.83 (97.3) |
4.40 (111.8) |
3.60 (91.4) |
0.88 (22.4) |
0.32 (8.1) |
0.07 (1.8) |
0.01 (0.3) |
0.15 (3.8) |
0.24 (6.1) |
0.62 (15.7) |
1.29 (32.8) |
2.38 (60.5) |
17.79 (451.9) |
| Avg. rainy days (≥ 0.01 in) | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 3.0 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.1 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 2.0 | 3.2 | 4.4 | 34.6 |
| Source: NOAA[53] | |||||||||||||
Cityscape[link]
Main article: List of districts and neighborhoods of Los Angeles
The city is divided into over 80 districts and neighborhoods,[62] many of which were incorporated places or communities that were annexed by the city.[63] Greater Los Angeles includes a number of enclaves and nearby communities. Generally, the city is divided into the following areas: Downtown Los Angeles, East Los Angeles and Northeast Los Angeles, South Los Angeles, the Harbor Area, Greater Hollywood, Wilshire, the Westside, and the San Fernando and Crescenta Valleys.
Some well-known communities within Los Angeles include West Adams, Watts, Leimert Park, Baldwin Hills, Venice, the Downtown Financial District, Silver Lake, Hollywood, Koreatown, Westwood and the more affluent areas of Bel Air, Benedict Canyon, Hollywood Hills, Los Feliz, Hancock Park, Pacific Palisades, Century City, and Brentwood.
Landmarks[link]
See also: Category:Landmarks in Los Angeles, California, List of sites of interest in the Los Angeles area, and National Register of Historic Places listings in Los Angeles, California
Important landmarks in Los Angeles include Walt Disney Concert Hall, the Kodak Theatre, the Griffith Observatory, the Getty Center, the Getty Villa, the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Grauman's Chinese Theatre, the Hollywood Sign, the Bradbury Building, Hollywood Boulevard, the Capitol Records Building, Los Angeles City Hall, the Hollywood Bowl, the Theme Building, the Watts Towers, Staples Center, Dodger Stadium, and La Placita Olvera/Olvera Street.
Culture[link]
Main article: Arts and culture of Los Angeles
.jpg)
File:PB050006.JPG
Hollywood Sign
Los Angeles is often billed as the "Creative Capital of the World", due to the fact that one in every six of its residents works in a creative industry.[64] According to the USC Stevens Institute for Innovation, "there are more artists, writers, filmmakers, actors, dancers and musicians living and working in Los Angeles than any other city at any time in the history of civilization."[65]
Los Angeles is home to Hollywood, globally recognized as the epicenter of the motion picture industry. A testament to its preeminence in film, the city plays host to the annual Academy Awards, the oldest and one of the most prominent award ceremonies in the world. Finally, Los Angeles is home to the USC School of Cinematic Arts, the oldest film school in the United States.[66]
The performing arts play a major role in Los Angeles' cultural identity. According to the USC Stevens Institute for Innovation, "there are more than 1,100 annual theatrical productions and 21 openings every week."[65] The Los Angeles Music Center is "one of the three largest performing arts centers in the nation," with more than 1.3 million visitors per year.[67] The Walt Disney Concert Hall, centerpiece of the Music Center, is home to the prestigious Los Angeles Philharmonic. Notable organizations such as Center Theatre Group, the Los Angeles Master Chorale, and the Los Angeles Opera are also resident companies of the Music Center. Talent is locally cultivated at premier institutions such as the Colburn School and the USC Thornton School of Music.
Museums and galleries[link]
See also: Los Angeles City Museums
There are 841 museums and art galleries in Los Angeles County.[68] In fact, Los Angeles has more museums per capita than any other city in the world.[68] Some of the notable museums are the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (the largest art museum in the Western United States[69]), the Getty Center (part of the larger J. Paul Getty Trust, the world's wealthiest art institution[70]), and the Museum of Contemporary Art. A significant number of art galleries are located on Gallery Row, and tens of thousands attend the monthly Downtown Art Walk there.[71]
Media[link]
Main article: Media in Los Angeles
The major daily English-language newspaper in the area is the Los Angeles Times. La Opinión is the city's major daily Spanish-language paper, The Korea Times is the city's major daily Korean language paper, and The Los Angeles Sentinel is the city's major African-American daily paper, boasting the largest Black readership in the Western United States. Investor's Business Daily is distributed from its L.A. corporate offices, which are headquartered in Playa Del Rey. There are also a number of smaller regional newspapers, alternative weeklies and magazines, including the Daily News (which focuses coverage on the San Fernando Valley), LA Weekly, Los Angeles CityBeat, L.A. Record (which focuses coverage on the music scene in the Greater Los Angeles Area), Los Angeles magazine, Los Angeles Business Journal, Los Angeles Daily Journal (legal industry paper), The Hollywood Reporter and Variety (entertainment industry papers), and Los Angeles Downtown News. In addition to the major papers, numerous local periodicals serve immigrant communities in their native languages, including Armenian, English, Korean, Persian, Russian, Chinese, Japanese, Hebrew, and Arabic. Many cities adjacent to Los Angeles also have their own daily newspapers whose coverage and availability overlaps into certain Los Angeles neighborhoods. Examples include The Daily Breeze (serving the South Bay), and The Long Beach Press-Telegram.
Los Angeles and New York City are the only two media markets to have seven VHF allocations assigned to them.[72]
The city has major broadcast channels as well as three PBS stations. World TV operates on two channels and the area has several Spanish-language television networks. KTBN 40 is the flagship station of the religious Trinity Broadcasting Network, based out of Santa Ana. A variety of independent television stations also operate in the area.
Sports[link]
Los Angeles is the home of the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball, the Los Angeles Kings of the National Hockey League, the Los Angeles Clippers and Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association, the Los Angeles D-Fenders, an NBA Development team owned by the Los Angeles Lakers, and the Los Angeles Sparks of the Women's National Basketball Association. Los Angeles is also home to the USC Trojans and the UCLA Bruins in the NCAA, both of which are Division I teams in the Pacific-12 Conference. The Los Angeles Galaxy and Club Deportivo Chivas USA of Major League Soccer are based in Carson.
Los Angeles is the second-largest city and television market in the United States, but has no NFL team. the nearest team is located in San Diego and are called the Chargers. At one time Los Angeles had two NFL teams, the Rams and the Raiders. Both left the city in 1995, with the Rams moving to St. Louis and the Raiders heading back to their original home of Oakland. Prior to 1995, the Rams called Memorial Coliseum home (1946–1979) and the Raiders played their home games at Memorial Coliseum from 1982 to 1994.
Since the franchise's departures the NFL as an organization, and individual NFL owners, have attempted to relocate a team to the city. Immediately following the 1995 NFL season, Seattle Seahawks owner Ken Behring went as far as packing up moving vans to start play in the Rose Bowl under a new team name and logo for the 1996 season. The State of Washington filed a lawsuit to prevent the move.[73] In 2003, then-NFL Commissioner Paul Tagliabue said that he thought that Los Angeles would get a new expansion team, a thirty-third franchise, after the choice of Houston over Los Angeles in the 2002 league expansion round.[74] Despite these efforts, and the failure to build a new stadium for an NFL team, Los Angeles is still expected to return to the league through expansion or relocation. On August 9, 2011 the LA City Council approved plans to build Farmers Field, which will become home to an NFL team in the future. The stadium is expected to be completed by 2016.[75]
Los Angeles has twice played host to the Summer Olympic Games, in 1932 and in 1984. When the tenth Olympic Games were hosted in 1932, the former 10th Street was renamed Olympic Blvd. Super Bowls I and VII were also held in the city as well as multiple FIFA World Cup games in 1994 including the final. Los Angeles will host the Special Olympics World Summer Games in 2015.[76]
Los Angeles also boasts a number of sports venues, including Dodger Stadium, Los Angeles Coliseum, The Forum, Staples Center, a sports and entertainment complex that also hosts concerts and awards shows such as the Grammys. Staples Center also serves as the home arena for the Los Angeles Clippers and Los Angeles Lakers of the NBA, the Los Angeles Sparks of the WNBA, and the Los Angeles Kings of the NHL. It was also home to the Los Angeles Avengers of the original AFL, a team that did not participate in that league's ongoing revival.
The Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim of Major League Baseball and the Anaheim Ducks of the National Hockey League are in the Los Angeles media market and are based in Anaheim in Orange County. The Angels began as an expansion franchise team in Los Angeles in 1961 and played at Los Angeles' Wrigley Field and then Dodger Stadium before moving to Anaheim in 1966.[77] The Ducks, who have played in Anaheim since their inception as an expansion team in 1993, were originally owned by Disney and known as the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim, after the popular Disney film. The team adopted its current name in 2006, a year after Disney sold the franchise.[78]
Religion[link]
The Roman Catholic Archbishop of Los Angeles leads the largest archdiocese in the country.[79] Cardinal Roger Mahony oversaw construction of the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels, which opened in September, 2002 in downtown Los Angeles.[80] Construction of the cathedral marked a coming of age of the city's Catholic, heavily Latino community. There are numerous Catholic churches and parishes throughout Los Angeles.
With 621,000 Jews in the metropolitan area (490,000 in city proper), the region has the second largest population of Jews in the United States.[81] Many of Los Angeles' Jews now live on the Westside and in the San Fernando Valley, though Boyle Heights and Northwest Los Angeles once had large Jewish populations. Many varieties of Judaism are represented in the area, including Reform, Conservative, Orthodox, and Reconstructionist. The Breed Street Shul in East Los Angeles, built in 1923, was the largest synagogue west of Chicago in its early decades.[82] (It is no longer a sacred space and is being converted to a museum and community center.)[83] The Kabbalah Centre also has a presence in the city.[84]
Los Angeles has had a rich and influential Protestant tradition. The first Protestant service in Los Angeles was a Methodist meeting held in a private home in 1850 and the oldest Protestant church still operating was founded in 1867. In the early 1900s the Bible Institute Of Los Angeles published the founding documents of the Christian Fundamentalist movement and the Azusa Street Revival launched Pentecostalism. Aimee Semple McPherson broadcast over the radio in the 1920s from the Angelus Temple, home of the International Church of the Foursquare Gospel and its Life Pacific College. The Potter's House Christian Fellowship and Metropolitan Community Church also had their origins in the city. Billy Graham's first big success came in L.A. (in 1949) and notable ministers connected to the city include Robert P. Shuler, Charles E. Fuller, Gene Scott, Jesse Lee Peterson, and Solomon Burke. Important churches in the city include First Presbyterian Church of Hollywood, Bel Air Presbyterian Church, First African Methodist Episcopal Church of Los Angeles, West Angeles Church of God in Christ, Second Baptist Church, Crenshaw Christian Center, McCarty Memorial Christian Church, and First Congregational Church.
The Los Angeles California Temple, the second largest temple operated by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, is on Santa Monica Boulevard in the Westwood district of Los Angeles. Dedicated in 1956, it was the first Mormon temple built in California and it was the largest in the world when completed.[85]
The Hollywood region of Los Angeles also has several significant headquarters, churches, and the Celebrity Center of Scientology.
Because of Los Angeles' large multi-ethnic population, a wide variety of faiths are practiced, including Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism, Zoroastrianism, Sikhism, Bahá'í, various Eastern Orthodox Churches, Sufism and others. Immigrants from Asia for example, have formed a number of significant Buddhist congregations making the city home to the greatest variety of Buddhists in the world.
Economy[link]
Further information: Los Angeles County Economy
See also: Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce
The economy of Los Angeles is driven by international trade, entertainment (television, motion pictures, video games, recorded music), aerospace, technology, petroleum, fashion, apparel, and tourism. Los Angeles is also the largest manufacturing center in the western United States.[86] The contiguous ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach together comprise the fifth-busiest port in the world and the most significant port in the Western Hemisphere and is vital to trade within the Pacific Rim.[86] Other significant industries include media production, finance, telecommunications, law, healthcare, and transportation. The Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan statistical area (MSA) has a gross metropolitan product (GMP) of $735.7 billion (as of 2010),[87] making it the third largest economic center in the world, after the Greater Tokyo Area and the New York-Newark-Bridgeport CSA.[17] If counted as a country, the surrounding CSA has the 15th largest economy in the world in terms of nominal GDP.[88] Los Angeles has been classified an "Alpha world city" according to a 2010 study by a research group at Loughborough University in England.[89]
The city is home to seven Fortune 500 companies. They are aerospace contractor Northrop Grumman, energy company Occidental Petroleum, healthcare provider Health Net, metals distributor Reliance Steel & Aluminum, engineering firm AECOM, real estate group CBRE Group and builder Tutor Perini.
Other companies headquartered in Los Angeles include California Pizza Kitchen, Capital Group, Capstone Turbine, The Cheesecake Factory, Cathay Bank, City National Bank, The Coffee Bean & Tea Leaf, DeviantArt, Far East National Bank, Farmers Insurance Group, Fox Entertainment Group, Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher, Guess?, Hanmi Bank, Herbalife, J2 Global Communications, The Jim Henson Company, KB Home, Korn/Ferry, Latham & Watkins, Mercury Insurance Group, Oaktree Capital Management, O’Melveny & Myers; Pabst Blue Ribbon, Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker, Premier America, Premiere Radio Networks, Rentech, Roll International, Sunkist, The TCW Group, Tokyopop, Triton Media Group, United Online, and VCA Antech.
The metropolitan area is home to the headquarters of many companies who moved outside of the City of Los Angeles to escape its high taxes and high crime rate while keeping the benefits of remaining in close proximity. For example, Los Angeles charges a gross receipts tax based on a percentage of business revenue, while many neighboring cities charge only small flat fees.[90]
The University of Southern California (USC) is the city's largest private sector employer and contributes $4 billion annually to the local economy.[91]
According to the city's 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the top ten employers in the city as of 2009 are, in descending order, the City of Los Angeles, the County of Los Angeles, University of California, Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente, Fox Entertainment Group, Farmers Insurance Group, TeamOne,and Northrop Grumman.[92]
Education[link]
Colleges and universities[link]
There are three public universities located within the city limits: California State University, Los Angeles (CSULA), California State University, Northridge (CSUN) and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). Private colleges in the city include the American Film Institute Conservatory, Alliant International University, Syracuse University (Los Angeles Campus), American InterContinental University, American Jewish University, The American Musical and Dramatic Academy – Los Angeles campus, Antioch University's Los Angeles campus, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising's Los Angeles campus (FIDM), Los Angeles Film School, Loyola Marymount University (LMU is also the parent university of Loyola Law School located in Los Angeles), Marymount College, Mount St. Mary's College, National University of California, Occidental College ("Oxy"), Otis College of Art and Design (Otis), Southern California Institute of Architecture (SCI-Arc), Southwestern Law School, and University of Southern California (USC).
The community college system consists of nine campuses governed by the trustees of the Los Angeles Community College District: East Los Angeles College (ELAC), Los Angeles City College (LACC), Los Angeles Harbor College, Los Angeles Mission College, Los Angeles Pierce College, Los Angeles Valley College (LAVC), Los Angeles Southwest College, Los Angeles Trade-Technical College and West Los Angeles College.
Schools and libraries[link]
See also: Los Angeles County, California#Colleges and universities and List of high schools in Los Angeles County, California
Los Angeles Unified School District serves almost all of the city of Los Angeles, as well as several surrounding communities, with a student population around 800,000.[93] After Proposition 13 was approved in 1978, urban school districts had considerable trouble with funding. LAUSD has become known for its underfunded, overcrowded and poorly maintained campuses, although its 162 Magnet schools help compete with local private schools.[94] Several small sections of Los Angeles are in the Las Virgenes Unified School District. Los Angeles County Office of Education operates the Los Angeles County High School for the Arts. The Los Angeles Public Library system operates 72 public libraries in the city.[95] Enclaves of unincorporated areas are served by the County of Los Angeles Public Library, many are within walking distance to City of Los Angeles residents.
Transportation[link]
Main article: Transportation in Los Angeles
Freeways[link]
Main article: Southern California freeways
The city and the rest of the Los Angeles metropolitan area are served by an extensive network of freeways and highways. The Texas Transportation Institute, which publishes an annual Urban Mobility Report, ranked Los Angeles road traffic as the most congested in the United States in 2005 as measured by annual delay per traveler.[96] The average traveler in Los Angeles experienced 72 hours of traffic delay per year according to the study. Los Angeles was followed by San Francisco/Oakland, Washington, D.C. and Atlanta, (each with 60 hours of delay).[97] Despite the congestion in the city, the mean travel time for commuters in Los Angeles is shorter than other major cities, including New York City, Philadelphia and Chicago. Los Angeles' mean travel time for work commutes in 2006 was 29.2 minutes, similar to those of San Francisco and Washington, D.C.[98]
Among the major highways that connect LA to the rest of the nation include Interstate 5, which runs south through San Diego to Tijuana in Mexico and north through Sacramento, Portland, and Seattle to the Canadian border; Interstate 10, the southernmost east–west, coast-to-coast Interstate Highway in the United States, going to Jacksonville, Florida; and U.S. Route 101, which heads to the California Central Coast, San Francisco, the Redwood Empire, and the Oregon and Washington coasts.
Transit systems[link]
The Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority and other agencies operate an extensive system of bus lines, as well as subway and light rail lines across Los Angeles County, with a combined monthly ridership (measured in individual boardings) of 38.8 million as of September, 2011. The majority of this (30.5 million) is taken up by the city's bus system,[99] the second busiest in the country. The subway and light rail combined average the remaining roughly 8.2 million boardings per month.[99] In 2005, 10.2% of Los Angeles commuters rode some form of public transportation.[100]
The city's subway system is the ninth busiest in the United States and its light rail system is the country's second busiest.[101] The rail system includes the Red and Purple subway lines, as well as the Gold, Blue, and Green light rail lines. The first phase of the Expo Line is scheduled to open on April 28, 2012. The Metro Orange Line is a bus rapid transit line with stops and frequency similar to those of a light rail. The city is also central to the commuter rail system Metrolink, which links Los Angeles to all neighboring counties as well as many suburbs.
Besides the rail service provided by Metrolink and the Los Angeles County Metropolitan Transportation Authority, Los Angeles is served by inter-city passenger trains from Amtrak. The main rail station in the city is Union Station just north of Downtown.
Airports[link]
The main Los Angeles airport is Los Angeles International Airport (IATA: LAX, ICAO: KLAX). The sixth busiest commercial airport in the world and the third busiest in the United States, LAX handled over 61 million passengers and 2 million tons of cargo in 2006. LAX is a hub for United Airlines[102]
Other major nearby commercial airports include:
- (IATA: ONT, ICAO: KONT) LA/Ontario International Airport, owned by the city of Los Angeles; serves the Inland Empire.
- (IATA: BUR, ICAO: KBUR) Bob Hope Airport, formerly known as Burbank Airport; serves the San Fernando and San Gabriel Valleys
- (IATA: LGB, ICAO: KLGB) Long Beach Airport, serves the Long Beach/Harbor area
- (IATA: SNA, ICAO: KSNA) John Wayne Airport of Orange County.
One of the world's busiest general-aviation airports is also located in Los Angeles, Van Nuys Airport (IATA: VNY, ICAO: KVNY).[103]
Seaports[link]
The Port of Los Angeles is located in San Pedro Bay in the San Pedro neighborhood, approximately 20 miles (32 km) south of Downtown. Also called Los Angeles Harbor and WORLDPORT LA, the port complex occupies 7,500 acres (30 km2) of land and water along 43 miles (69 km) of waterfront. It adjoins the separate Port of Long Beach.
The sea ports of the Port of Los Angeles and Port of Long Beach together make up the Los Angeles/Long Beach Harbor.[104][105][106] Together, both ports are the fifth busiest container port in the world, with a trade volume of over 14.2 million TEU's in 2008.[107] Singly, the Port of Los Angeles is the busiest container port in the United States and the largest cruise ship center on the West Coast of the United States – The Port of Los Angeles' World Cruise Center served about 800,000 passengers in 2009.[108]
There are also smaller, non-industrial harbors along Los Angeles' coastline. Safety is provided at the only beach controlled by Los Angeles City by the highly trained Los Angeles City lifeguards.[109]
The port includes four bridges: the Vincent Thomas Bridge, Henry Ford Bridge, Gerald Desmond Bridge, and Commodore Schuyler F. Heim Bridge.
Passenger ferry service from San Pedro to the city of Avalon on Santa Catalina Island is provided by Catalina Express.
Demographics[link]
Main article: Demographics of Los Angeles
Los Angeles is home to people from more than 140 countries speaking 224 different identified languages.[110] Ethnic enclaves like Chinatown, Historic Filipinotown, Koreatown, Little Armenia, Little Ethiopia, Tehrangeles, Little Tokyo, and Thai Town provide examples of the polyglot character of Los Angeles.
2010 Census[link]
| Historical populations | ||
|---|---|---|
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| 1850 | 1,610 | — |
| 1860 | 4,385 | +172.4% |
| 1870 | 5,728 | +30.6% |
| 1880 | 11,183 | +95.2% |
| 1890 | 50,395 | +350.6% |
| 1900 | 102,479 | +103.4% |
| 1910 | 319,198 | +211.5% |
| 1920 | 576,673 | +80.7% |
| 1930 | 1,238,048 | +114.7% |
| 1940 | 1,504,277 | +21.5% |
| 1950 | 1,970,358 | +31.0% |
| 1960 | 2,479,015 | +25.8% |
| 1970 | 2,816,061 | +13.6% |
| 1980 | 2,966,850 | +5.4% |
| 1990 | 3,485,398 | +17.5% |
| 2000 | 3,694,820 | +6.0% |
| 2010 | 3,792,621 | +2.6% |
| source:[111][112] | ||
The 2010 United States Census[113] reported that Los Angeles had a population of 3,792,621.[114] The population density was 7,544.6 people per square mile (2,913.0/km²). The racial makeup of Los Angeles included: 1,888,158 Whites (49.8%), 365,118 African Americans (9.6%), 28,215 Native Americans (0.7%), 426,959 Asians (11.3%), 5,577 Pacific Islanders (0.1%), 902,959 from other races (23.8%), and 175,635 (4.6%) from two or more races.[114] Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 1,838,822 persons (48.5%).
Non-Hispanic whites were 28.7% of the population in 2010,[114] compared to 86.3% in 1940.[115] Mexicans make up the largest ethnic group of Latinos at 31.9% of Los Angeles' population, followed by Salvadorans (6.0%), Guatemalans (3.6%), Hondurans (0.6%), Nicaraguans (0.4%), Puerto Rican (0.4%), Peruvians (0.4%), Cubans (0.4%), Colombians (0.3%), Argentines (0.2%), and Ecuadorians (0.2%). The Latino population is spread throughout the city of Los Angeles and its metropolitan area but it is most heavily concentrated in the East Los Angeles region, which has a long established Mexican American and Central American community.
The largest Asian ethnic groups are Filipinos (3.2%) and Koreans (2.9%), which have their own established ethnic enclaves−Koreatown in the Wilshire Center and the Historic Filipinotown. Chinese people, which make up 1.8% of Los Angeles' population, reside mostly outside of Los Angeles city limits and rather in the San Gabriel Valley of eastern Los Angeles County, but make a sizable presence in the city, notably in Chinatown. Chinatown is also home to many Thais and Cambodians, which make up 0.3% and 0.1% of Los Angeles' population, respectively. Japanese comprise 0.9% of L.A.'s population, and have an established Little Tokyo in the city's downtown, and another significant community of Japanese Americans is located in the Sawtelle district of West Los Angeles. Vietnamese make up 0.5% of Los Angeles' population. L.A. has a rather small South Asian population−Indians make up 0.9% of the city's population.
Pacific Islanders make up a scant 0.1% of Los Angeles' population, but are prevalent in southwestern Los Angeles County, namely in Long Beach and Carson, which are home to thousands of Samoan Americans.[116]
African Americans have the largest establishment in South Los Angeles, remarkably within the industrial neighborhoods of Crenshaw and Watts.[117] However, since the 1980s, there has been a large influx of immigration from Mexico and Central America which have outnumbered the blacks in South Los Angeles. South Los Angeles, as well as neighboring communities such as the city of Compton that were home to predominant African American populations are now transforming into Hispanic communities.[118]
The city of Los Angeles and its metropolitan area is home to a large Middle Eastern population, in which enclaves like Little Armenia and Tehrangeles reflect these communities.
The Census reported that 3,708,020 people (97.8% of the population) lived in households, 58,186 (1.5%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 26,415 (0.7%) were institutionalized.
The age distribution was 874,525 people (23.1%) under 18, 434,478 people (11.5%) from 18 to 24, 1,209,367 people (31.9%) from 25 to 44, 877,555 people (23.1%) from 45 to 64, and 396,696 people (10.5%) who were 65 or older.[114] The median age was 34.1 years. For every 100 females there were 99.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 97.6 males.[114]
There were 1,413,995 housing units—up from 1,298,350 during 2005–2009[114]—at an average density of 2,812.8 households per square mile (1,086.0/km²), of which 503,863 (38.2%) were owner-occupied, and 814,305 (61.8%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.1%; the rental vacancy rate was 6.1%. 1,535,444 people (40.5% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 2,172,576 people (57.3%) lived in rental housing units.
Notable people[link]
Main article: List of notable people from Los Angeles
Law and government[link]
See also: List of elected officials in Los Angeles
The city is governed by a mayor-council system. The current mayor is Antonio Villaraigosa. There are 15 city council districts. Other elected city officials include the City Attorney Carmen Trutanich and the City Controller Wendy Greuel. The city attorney prosecutes misdemeanors within the city limits. The district attorney, elected by county voters, prosecutes misdemeanors in unincorporated areas and in 78 of the 88 cities in the county, as well as felonies throughout the county.
The Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) polices the city of Los Angeles, but the city also maintains four specialized police agencies; The Office of Public Safety, within the General Services Department (which is responsible for security and law enforcement services at city facilities, including City Hall, city parks and libraries, the Los Angeles Zoo, and the Convention Center), the Port Police, within the Harbor Department (which is responsible for land, air and sea law enforcement services at the Port of Los Angeles), the Los Angeles City Schools Police department which handles law enforcement for all city schools, and the Airport Police, within the Los Angeles World Airports Department (which is responsible for law enforcement services at all four city-owned airports, including Los Angeles International Airport (LAX), LA/Ontario International Airport (ONT), LA/Palmdale Regional Airport (PMD), and Van Nuys Airport (VNY).
Environmental issues[link]
The name given by the Chumash tribe of Native Americans for the area now known as Los Angeles translates to "the valley of smoke."[119] Owing to geography, heavy reliance on automobiles, and the Los Angeles/Long Beach port complex, Los Angeles suffers from air pollution in the form of smog. The Los Angeles Basin and the San Fernando Valley are susceptible to atmospheric inversion, which holds in the exhausts from road vehicles, airplanes, locomotives, shipping, manufacturing, and other sources.[120] The smog season lasts from May to October.[121] Unlike other large cities that rely on rain to clear smog, Los Angeles gets only 15 inches (380 mm) of rain each year: pollution accumulates over many consecutive days. Issues of air quality in Los Angeles and other major cities led to the passage of early national environmental legislation, including the Clean Air Act. More recently, the state of California has led the nation in working to limit pollution by mandating low-emission vehicles. Smog is expected to continue to drop in the coming years due to aggressive steps to reduce it, electric and hybrid cars, improvements in mass transit, and other pollution-reducing measures.
The number of Stage 1 smog alerts in Los Angeles has declined from over 100 per year in the 1970s to almost zero in the new millennium. Despite improvement, the 2006 and 2007 annual reports of the American Lung Association ranked the city as the most polluted in the country with short-term particle pollution and year-round particle pollution.[122] In 2008, the city was ranked the second most polluted and again had the highest year-round particulate pollution.[123] In addition, the groundwater is increasingly threatened by MTBE from gas stations and perchlorate from rocket fuel. The city met its goal of providing 20 percent of the city's power from renewable sources in 2010.[124]
Neighborhood councils[link]
Voters created Neighborhood Councils in the Charter Reform of 1999. First proposed by City Council member Joel Wachs in 1996, they were designed to promote public participation in government and make it more responsive to local needs.
The councils cover districts that are not necessarily identical to the traditional neighborhoods of Los Angeles.
Almost ninety neighborhood councils (NCs) are certified and all "stakeholders"—meaning anyone who lives, works or owns property in a neighborhood—may vote for members of the councils' governing bodies. Some council bylaws allow other people with a stake in the community to cast ballots as well.
The councils are official government bodies and so their governing bodies and committees must abide by California's Brown Act, which governs the meetings of deliberative assemblies.
The first notable concern of the neighborhood councils collectively was the opposition by some of them in March 2004 to an 18% increase in water rates by the city's Department of Water and Power. This led the City Council to approve only a limited increase pending independent review. More recently, some of the councils petitioned the City Council in summer 2006 to allow them to introduce ideas for legislative action, but the City Council put off a decision.
The neighborhood councils have been allocated $45,000 each per year for administration, outreach and approved neighborhood projects.
Crime[link]
See also: Crime in Los Angeles
Like most American cities, Los Angeles has been experiencing significant decline in crime since the mid-1990s, and reached a 50-year low in 2009 with 314 homicides.[125][126] Antonio Villaraigosa is a member of the Mayors Against Illegal Guns Coalition.[127]
In 2009, Los Angeles reported 314 homicides, which corresponds to a rate of 7.85 (per 100,000 population)—a major decrease from 1993, when the all time homicide rate of over 21.1 (per 100,000 population) was reported for the year.[128] This included 15 officer-involved shootings. One shooting led to the death of a SWAT team member, Randal Simmons, the first in LAPD's history.[129]
The Los Angeles crime family dominated organized crime in the city during the Prohibition era[130] and reached its peak during the 1940s and 1950s as part of the American Mafia but has gradually declined since then with the rise of various black and Hispanic gangs.
According to the Los Angeles Police Department, the city is home to 45,000 gang members, organized into 450 gangs.[131] Among them are the Crips, Bloods, Sureños, Mara Salvatrucha and 18th Street. This has led to the city being referred to as the "Gang Capital of America".[132]
Sister cities[link]
Los Angeles has 25 sister cities,[133] listed chronologically by year joined:
Eilat, Israel (1959)
Nagoya, Japan (1959)
Salvador, Bahia, Brazil (1962)
Bordeaux, France (1964)
Berlin, Germany (1967)
Lusaka, Zambia (1968)
Mexico City, Mexico (1969)
Auckland City, New Zealand (1971)
Busan, South Korea (1971)
Mumbai, Maharashtra, India (1972)
Tehran, Iran (1972)
Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China (1979)
Guangzhou, People's Republic of China (1981)
Athens, Greece (1984)
Saint Petersburg, Russia (1984)
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada (1986)
Giza, Egypt (1989)
Jakarta, Indonesia (1990)
Kaunas, Lithuania (1991)
Makati, Philippines (1992)
Split, Croatia (1993)
San Salvador, El Salvador (2005)
Beirut, Lebanon (2006)
Ischia, Campania, Italy (2006)
Yerevan, Armenia (2007)
Faisalabad, Pakistan (2009)
In addition, Los Angeles has the following "friendship cities".[135][136]:
London, England, United Kingdom
Łódź, Poland- Manchester, England, United Kingdom
See also[link]
- 1992 Los Angeles riots
- East Los Angeles (region)
- Largest cities in the Americas
- Largest cities in Southern California
- List of museums in Greater Los Angeles County
- List of museums in Los Angeles, California
- List of people from Los Angeles
- List of tallest buildings in Los Angeles
- Los Angeles in popular culture
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Los Angeles, California
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- ^ "World Jewish Population". SimpleToRemember.com. http://www.simpletoremember.com/vitals/world-jewish-population.htm. Retrieved October 23, 2011.
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- ^ Luscombe, Belinda (August 6, 2006). "Madonna Finds A Cause". Time Magazine. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1223372,00.html. Retrieved October 23, 2011.
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- ^ Facilities – The Port of Los Angeles site
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- ^ "Los Angeles/Long Beach Harbor Employers Association". Harboremployers.com. http://www.harboremployers.com/web/. Retrieved March 16, 2011.
- ^ "AAPA World Port Rankings 2008" (PDF). http://aapa.files.cms-plus.com/Statistics/WORLD%20PORT%20RANKINGS%2020081.pdf. Retrieved March 16, 2011.
- ^ About the Port – The Port of Los Angeles site
- ^ "Los Angeles City Lifeguards". Lacitylifeguards.pyroinnovations.com. http://lacitylifeguards.pyroinnovations.com/. Retrieved April 13, 2010.
- ^ "City basics". Lacity.org. April 12, 2005. http://www.lacity.org/mayor/deliveringresults/results_cibasic.htm. Retrieved April 13, 2010.
- ^ Moffatt, Riley (1996). Population History of Western U.S. Cities & Towns, 1850–1990. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow. p. 41.
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- ^ All data are derived from the United States Census Bureau reports from the 2010 United States Census, and are accessible on-line here. The data on unmarried partnerships and same-sex married couples are from the Census report DEC_10_SF1_PCT15. All other housing and population data are from Census report DEC_10_DP_DPDP1. Both reports are viewable online or downloadable in a zip file containing a comma-delimited data file. The area data, from which densities are calculated, are available on-line here. Percentage totals may not add to 100% due to rounding. The Census Bureau defines families as a household containing one or more people related to the householder by birth, opposite-sex marriage, or adoption. People living in group quarters are tabulated by the Census Bureau as neither owners nor renters. For further details, see the text files accompanying the data files containing the Census reports mentioned above.
- ^ a b c d e f "Los Angeles (city), California". State & County QuickFacts. U.S. Census Bureau. http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0644000.html. Retrieved December 16, 2011.
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- ^ Fuestch, Michelle (March 13, 1991). "Samoans Protest Killing of 2 Brothers". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/1991-03-13/local/me-94_1_compton-police. Retrieved 2012-04-04.
- ^ Ray, MaryEllen Bell; The City of Watts, California: 1907 to 1926, Los Angeles: Rising Publications, 1985. A definitive early history.
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- ^ According to Gordon J. MacDonald, geophysicist and professor formerly with the University of California, San Diego, quoted in Bowman, Chris (July 8, 2008). "Smoke is Normal – for 1800". The Sacramento Bee. Archived from the original on July 9, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080709015204/http://www.sacbee.com/101/story/1066675.html. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
- ^ Stimson, Thomas E. (July 1955). What can we do about smog?. Popular Mechanics. p. 65. ISSN 00324558. http://books.google.com/books?id=xdwDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA65. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
- ^ Smog Hangs Over Olympic Athletes. New Scientist. August 11, 1983. p. 393. ISSN 02624079. http://books.google.com/books?id=CJNJjq8h2zwC&pg=PA393. Retrieved October 6, 2011.
- ^ "People at Risk In 25 U.S. Cities Most Polluted by Short-Term Particle Pollution". American Lung Association. Archived from the original on March 25, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070325171724/http://lungaction.org/reports/sota06_table2a.html. Retrieved October 7, 2011.
- ^ "Pittsburgh and Los Angeles the most polluted US cities". citymayors.com. May 4, 2008. Archived from the original on September 12, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080912203013/http://citymayors.com/environment/polluted_uscities.html. Retrieved October 7, 2011.
- ^ "Los Angeles meets 20 percent renewable energy goal". Bloomberg. January 14, 2011. Archived from the original on February 1, 2011. http://web.archive.org/web/20110201090303/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-01-14/los-angeles-meets-20-percent-renewable-energy-goal.html. Retrieved October 7, 2011.
- ^ "Crime rate lowest in 50 years, LAPD says". Los Angeles Wave. Wire services. January 10, 2010. http://www.wavenewspapers.com/news/local/northeast-edition/80935317.html. Retrieved April 14, 2010. Northeast Edition.
- ^ "LAPD year-end crime statistics". http://www.lapdonline.org/read_the_beat_magazine/pdf_view/43819. Retrieved April 13, 2010.
- ^ "Mayors Against Illegal Guns: Coalition Members". Archived from the original on July 3, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070703052727/http://www.mayorsagainstillegalguns.org/html/about/members.shtml.
- ^ "LAPD Online Crime Rates" (PDF). http://www.lapdonline.org/assets/pdf/cityprof.pdf. Retrieved April 13, 2010.
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- ^ "The Mafia Encyclopedia. mafia машины. three 6 mafia. тренер mafia". Mafia.z04.org.ua. November 12, 1926. http://mafia.z04.org.ua/zPage_48.html. Retrieved April 13, 2010. [dead link]
- ^ "Los Angeles Police Department Gang subsite". Lapdonline.org. http://www.lapdonline.org/get_informed/content_basic_view/1396. Retrieved April 13, 2010.
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Further reading[link]
- General
- Carey McWilliams (2009). Southern California: An Island on the Land (9th ed.). Peregrine Smith. ISBN 978-0-87905-007-8.
- Richard White (1991). It's Your Misfortune and None of My Own: A New History of the American West. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 978-0-8061-2567-1.
- David Rieff (1992). Los Angeles: Capital of the Third World. Touchstone. ISBN 978-0-671-79210-7.
- Peter Theroux (1994). Translating LA: A Tour of the Rainbow City. Norton. ISBN 978-0-393-31394-9.
- Paul Glover (1995). Los Angeles: A History of the Future. Greenplanners. ISBN 978-0-9622911-0-4.
- Leonard Pitt & Dale Pitt (2000). Los Angeles A to Z: An Encyclopedia of the City and County. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20530-7.
- Kevin Starr and David Ulin (2009). Jim Heimann. ed. Los Angeles: Portrait of a City. Taschen America. ISBN 978-3-8365-0291-7.
- Architecture and urban theory
- Reyner Banham (2009). Los Angeles: The Architecture of Four Ecologies (2nd ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-26015-3.
- Mike Davis (2006). City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles. Verso. ISBN 978-1-84467-568-5.
- Robert M. Fogelson (1993). The Fragmented Metropolis: Los Angeles 1850–1930. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-08230-4.
- Norman M. Klein (1997). The History of Forgetting: Los Angeles and the Erasure of Memory. Verso. ISBN 978-1-84467-242-4.
- Sam Hall Kaplan (2000). L.A. Lost & Found: An Architectural History of Los Angeles. Hennessey and Ingalls. ISBN 978-0-940512-23-8.
- Torin Monahan (2002). "Los Angeles Studies: The Emergence of a Specialty Field". City & Society XIV (2): 155–184. (available online)
- Race relations
- Acuña, Rodolfo (1996). Anything but Mexican: Chicanos in contemporary Los Angeles. Verso. ISBN 978-1-85984-031-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=0lQXqQPNOUcC. Retrieved September 30, 2011.
- Lynell George (1992). No Crystal Stair: African Americans in the City of Angels. Verso. ISBN 978-0-86091-389-4.
- Josh Sides (2006). L.A. City Limits: African American Los Angeles from the Great Depression to the Present. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-24830-4.
- Eduardo Obregón Pagán (2006). Murder at the Sleepy Lagoon: Zoot Suits, Race, and Riot in Wartime L.A.. The University of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-5494-5.
- R. J. Smith (2007). The Great Black Way: L.A. in the 1940s and the Last African American Renaissance. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-521-4.
- LGBT
- Lillian Faderman and Stuart Timmons (2006). Gay L. A.: A History of Sexual Outlaws, Power Politics, And Lipstick Lesbians. Basic Books. ISBN 0-465-02288-X.
- Daniel Hurewitz (2007). Bohemian Los Angeles: and the Making of Modern Politics. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0-520-24925-9.
- Environment
- Marc Reisner (1986). Cadillac Desert: The American West and its Disappearing Water. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-017824-1.
- Chip Jacobs and William Kelly (2008). Smogtown: The Lung-Burning History of Pollution in Los Angeles. Outlook Hardcover. ISBN 1-58567-860-0.
- Art and literature
- David L. Ulin, ed. (2002). Writing Los Angeles: A Literary Anthology. Library of America. ISBN 978-1-931082-27-3.
- Cécile Whiting (2008). Pop L.A.: Art and the City in the 1960s. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-25634-7.
External links[link]
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