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Afghanistan
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Afghanistan -
Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad () is the largest city in Gujarat, India. It is the seventh largest city and eighth largest metropolitan area of India, with a city population of approximately 3.96 million and metropolitan population of 5.41 million. Located on the banks of the River Sabarmati, the city is the administrative centre of Ahmedabad district and was the capital of Gujarat from 1960 to 1970; the capital was shifted to Gandhinagar thereafter. In the middle of 1990's it was the fifth largest city in India.In colloquial Gujarati, the city is commonly called Amdavad.
http://wn.com/Ahmedabad -
Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (, ; ), is a country in south-central Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city. The exclave province of Cabinda has a border with the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
http://wn.com/Angola -
Argentina
Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic (, ), is the second largest country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations, though Mexico, Colombia and Spain are more populous.
http://wn.com/Argentina -
Bali
Bali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. It is one of the country's 33 provinces with the provincial capital at Denpasar towards the south of the island.
http://wn.com/Bali -
Benguet
Benguet (Filipino:Benhwet) is a landlocked province of the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital is La Trinidad and borders, clockwise from the south, Pangasinan, La Union, Ilocos Sur, Mountain Province, Ifugao, and Nueva Vizcaya.
http://wn.com/Benguet -
Bethlehem
http://wn.com/Bethlehem -
Birmingham, Alabama
Birmingham (, ) is the largest city in Alabama. The city is the county seat of Jefferson County. According to an estimate by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2007, Birmingham had a population of about 229,800. The Birmingham Metropolitan Area, in estimate by the U.S. Census Bureau in 2009, had a population of about 1,212,848. The Birmingham Metropolitan Area contains about one-quarter of the entire population of Alabama.
http://wn.com/Birmingham_Alabama -
Buckingham Palace
Buckingham Palace is the official London residence of the British monarch. Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is a setting for state occasions and royal hospitality. It has been a rallying point for the British people at times of national rejoicing and crisis.
http://wn.com/Buckingham_Palace -
Bulgaria
Bulgaria ( , Balgariya, ), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (, Republika Balgariya, ), is a country in Southern Europe. Bulgaria borders five other countries: Romania to the north (mostly along the Danube), Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia to the west, and Greece and Turkey to the south. The Black Sea defines the extent of the country to the east.
http://wn.com/Bulgaria -
Busan
Busan (Officially Busan Metropolitan City), formerly spelled Pusan () is South Korea's second largest metropolis after Seoul, with a population of around 3.6 million. It is the largest port city in South Korea and the fifth largest port in the world. The city is located on the southeasternmost tip of the Korean peninsula and faces the Korea Strait. The most densely built up areas of the city are situated in a number of narrow valleys between the Nakdong River and Suyeong River, with mountains separating some of the districts. Administratively, it is designated as a Metropolitan City. The Busan metropolitan area is divided into 15 major administrative districts and a single county.
http://wn.com/Busan -
Chechnya
http://wn.com/Chechnya -
Colombia
Colombia (), officially the Republic of Colombia (, ), is a constitutional republic in northwestern South America. Colombia is bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil; to the south by Ecuador and Peru; to the north by the Caribbean Sea; to the northwest by Panama; and to the west by the Pacific Ocean. Colombia also shares maritime borders with Venezuela, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica. With a population of over 45 million people, Colombia has the 29th largest population in the world and the second largest in South America, after Brazil. Colombia has the fourth largest Spanish-speaking population in the world after Mexico, the United States, and Spain.
http://wn.com/Colombia -
Costa Rica
:For the plant genus Costarica, see its synonym Sicyos.
http://wn.com/Costa_Rica -
Cuba
The Republic of Cuba (; , ) is an island country in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos.
http://wn.com/Cuba -
Côte d'Ivoire
The Republic of (; ), commonly known in English as Ivory Coast, is a country in West Africa. It has an area of 322,462 km2, and borders the countries of Liberia, Guinea, Mali, Burkina Faso and Ghana; its southern boundary is along the Gulf of Guinea. The country's population which was 15,366,672 in 1998, was estimated to be 20,617,068 in 2009.
http://wn.com/Côte_d'Ivoire -
Dodoma Region
http://wn.com/Dodoma_Region -
East Timor
http://wn.com/East_Timor -
Egypt
http://wn.com/Egypt -
Eveleth, Minnesota
Eveleth is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, USA. The population was 3,865 at the 2000 census.
http://wn.com/Eveleth_Minnesota -
FBI
http://wn.com/FBI -
Florida
Florida () is a state of the United States. It is located in the Southeastern United States, bordering Alabama to the northwest and Georgia to the north. Much of the state's land mass is a large peninsula with the Gulf of Mexico to the west, the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Caribbean to the south. Florida was admitted as the 27th U.S. state in 1845, after a three hundred year period of European colonization.
http://wn.com/Florida -
French Open
The French Open ( or Tournoi de Roland-Garros, ) is a major tennis tournament held over two weeks between late May and early June in Paris, France, at the Stade Roland Garros. It is the second of the Grand Slam tournaments on the annual tennis calendar and the premier clay court tennis tournament in the world. Roland Garros is the only Grand Slam still held on clay and ends the spring clay court season.
http://wn.com/French_Open -
Galicia (Spain)
:This article is about the nation in Spain. For the Polish-Ukrainian region, see Galicia (Eastern Europe).
http://wn.com/Galicia_(Spain) -
Gambia
http://wn.com/Gambia -
Greenland
Greenland ( meaning "Land of the Kalaallit people"; ) is an autonomous country within the Kingdom of Denmark, located between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Physiographically, it is a part of the continent of North America. The largest island in Greenland is also named Greenland, and makes up most of the country's land area.
http://wn.com/Greenland -
Helsinki
Helsinki (; , ) is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the southern part of Finland, in the region of Uusimaa/Nyland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, by the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is (), making it the most populous municipality in Finland by a wide margin. Helsinki is located some east of Stockholm, Sweden, west of St. Petersburg, Russia and north of Tallinn, Estonia. Helsinki has close connections with these three cities.
http://wn.com/Helsinki -
Houston, Texas
http://wn.com/Houston_Texas -
Iran
Iran ( ), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in Central Eurasia and Western Asia. The name Iran has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was also known to the western world as Persia. Both Persia and Iran are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.
http://wn.com/Iran -
Iraq
Iraq ( or , Arabic: ), officially the Republic of Iraq (Arabic:
http://wn.com/Iraq -
Islamabad
http://wn.com/Islamabad -
Israel
http://wn.com/Israel -
Karachi
Karachi (: , {{lang-ur|) is the largest city, main seaport and financial centre of Pakistan, and the capital of the province of Sindh. With an estimated population of about 18 million, Karachi is one of the world's largest cities in terms of population, the 13th largest urban agglomeration, the 4th largest metropolitan area in the world, and the 2nd largest city within the Organisation of the Islamic Conference. It is Pakistan's premier centre of banking, industry, and trade and is home to Pakistan's largest corporations, including those involved in textiles, shipping, automotive industry, entertainment, the arts, fashion, advertising, publishing, software development and medical research. The city is a major hub of higher education in South Asia and the wider Islamic world.
http://wn.com/Karachi -
Kodak Theatre
The Kodak Theatre is a live theatre in the Hollywood and Highland retail, dining, and entertainment complex on Hollywood Boulevard and North Highland Avenue in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles. Since its opening on November 9, 2001, the theatre has been the home of the annual Academy Awards Ceremonies (The Oscars), which were first held there in March 2002, and is the first permanent home for the awards. Since 2002, the theater was also the home for American Idol.
http://wn.com/Kodak_Theatre -
Lagos
http://wn.com/Lagos -
Larsen Ice Shelf
http://wn.com/Larsen_Ice_Shelf -
Latvia
Latvia (; ), officially the Republic of Latvia () is a country in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by Estonia (343 km), to the south by Lithuania (588 km), to the east by the Russian Federation (276 km), and to the southeast by Belarus (141 km). Across the Baltic Sea to the west lies Sweden. The territory of Latvia covers and it has a temperate seasonal climate.
http://wn.com/Latvia -
Laughlin, Nevada
Laughlin is a census-designated place (CDP) in Clark County, Nevada, United States. As of the 2000 census, the population was 7,076. Laughlin is a port located on the Colorado River 94 miles (152.3 km) south of Las Vegas. Directly across the river from Laughlin is Bullhead City, Arizona, which has four times the population of Laughlin (approximately 39,000) and supplies much of the workforce.
http://wn.com/Laughlin_Nevada -
Libya
http://wn.com/Libya -
Lincoln's Inn Fields
'''Lincoln's Inn Fields''' is the largest public square in London, UK. It was laid out in the 1630s under the initiative of the speculative builder and contractor William Newton, "the first in a long series of entrepreneurs who took a hand in developing London", as Sir Nikolaus Pevsner observes. The original plan for "laying out and planting" these fields, drawn by the hand of Inigo Jones, was said still to be seen in Lord Pembroke's collection at Wilton House. The grounds, which had remained private property were acquired by London County Council in 1895. It is today managed by the London Borough of Camden and forms part of the southern boundary of that borough with the City of Westminster.
http://wn.com/Lincoln's_Inn_Fields -
Lithuania
Lithuania (, U.S. usually ; ), officially the Republic of Lithuania () is a country in Northern Europe, the southernmost of the three Baltic states. Situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, it shares borders with Latvia to the north, Belarus to the southeast, Poland, and the Russian exclave of Kaliningrad to the southwest.
http://wn.com/Lithuania -
Myyrmanni bombing
http://wn.com/Myyrmanni_bombing -
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, ) is an Executive Branch agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's civilian space program and aeronautics and aerospace research. Since February 2006, NASA's self-described mission statement is to "pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research."
http://wn.com/NASA -
Netanya
Netanya () is a city in the Northern Centre District of Israel and is the capital of the surrounding Sharon plain. It is located between the 'Poleg' stream and Wingate Institute in the south and the 'Avichail' stream in the north. Its of beaches have made the city a very popular tourist resort. Today the city houses a notably large population of English-speaking immigrants from the United Kingdom, USA, and Canada. According to the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), at the end of 2008 the city had a total population of 179,000. An additional 150,000 people live in the local and regional councils within 10 kilometers from Netanya with serves as a regional center for them. The city mayor is Miriam Feirberg. The city is expected to reach a population of 350,000 by 2020. The city name has sometimes been spelled Nathania.
http://wn.com/Netanya -
New Hampshire
New Hampshire () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It borders Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north. New Hampshire ranks 44th in land area, 46th in total area of the 50 states, and 41st in population.
http://wn.com/New_Hampshire -
Nicaragua
Nicaragua ( ) officially the Republic of Nicaragua (, ), is a representative democratic republic. It is the largest country in Central America with an area of 130,373 km2. The country is bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The Pacific Ocean lies to the west of the country, the Caribbean Sea to the east. The country's Caribbean coast is part of the Western Caribbean Zone. Falling within the tropics, Nicaragua sits between 11 degrees and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere. Nicaragua's abundance of biologically significant and unique ecosystems contribute to Mesoamerica's designation as a biodiversity hotspot. The capital city of Nicaragua is Managua. Roughly one quarter of the nation's population lives in the Nicaraguan capital, making it the second largest city and metropolitan area in Central America (following Guatemala City).
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Nigeria
Nigeria (), officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a federal constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and its Federal Capital Territory, Abuja. The country is located in West Africa and shares land borders with the Republic of Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north. Its coast in the south lies on the Gulf of Guinea on the Atlantic Ocean. The three largest and most influential ethnic groups in Nigeria are the Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba. In terms of religion Nigeria is roughly split half and half between Muslims and Christians with a very small minority who practice traditional religion.
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Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.
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North Korea
http://wn.com/North_Korea -
Pakistan
{{Infobox country
http://wn.com/Pakistan -
Passover massacre
The Passover Massacre (also known as the Netanya Bombing or the Park Hotel Passover attack) was a suicide bombing carried out by Hamas at the Park Hotel in Netanya, Israel on March 27, 2002, during a Passover seder. Thirty Israeli civilians were killed in the attack and 140 were injured. It was the deadliest attack against Israelis during the Second Intifada.
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Penghu Islands
#REDIRECTPenghu
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Philippines
The Philippines ( ), officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (), is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean. To its north across the Luzon Strait lies Taiwan. West across the South China Sea sits Vietnam. The Sulu Sea to the southwest lies between the country and the island of Borneo, and to the south the Celebes Sea separates it from other islands of Indonesia. It is bounded on the east by the Philippine Sea. Its location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and its tropical climate make the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons but have also endowed the country with natural resources and made it one of the richest areas of biodiversity in the world. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao. Its capital city is Manila.
http://wn.com/Philippines -
Prague
http://wn.com/Prague -
Republic of China
The Republic of China (ROC), commonly known as Taiwan, is a state in East Asia located off the east coast of mainland China. Subject to an ongoing dispute with the People's Republic of China (PRC) that has left it with limited formal diplomatic relations, the government of the Republic of China currently governs the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu and other minor islands. Neighbouring states include the People's Republic of China to the west, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
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Republic of Ireland
Ireland (, , , ), described as the Republic of Ireland (), is a state in northwest Europe with a population of almost 4.5 million people. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional republic occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was partitioned into two jurisdictions in 1921. It is bordered to the northeast by Northern Ireland, which is a part of the United Kingdom, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the Irish Sea to the east, St George's Channel to the southeast, and the Celtic Sea to the south.
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Ringgold, Georgia
Ringgold is a city in Catoosa County, Georgia, United States. The population was 2,422 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Catoosa County. Ringgold is part of the Chattanooga, TN–GA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
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Romania
Romania ( ; dated: Rumania; ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, north of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south.
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Rotterdam
Rotterdam (; Dutch ) is a city and municipality in the Dutch province of South Holland, situated in the west of the Netherlands. The municipality is the second largest in the country, with a population of 603,425 as of March 2010.
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Salt Lake City, Utah
http://wn.com/Salt_Lake_City_Utah -
Senegalese
http://wn.com/Senegalese -
Siberia
Siberia ( ), is a vast region, constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union (USSR) from its beginning, as the preceding Russian Empire conquered it in the 16th century.
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Slovakia
http://wn.com/Slovakia -
Slovenia
Slovenia ( ), officially the Republic of Slovenia (, ), is a country in Central Europe touching the Alps and bordering the Mediterranean. Slovenia borders Italy on the west, the Adriatic Sea on the southwest, Croatia on the south and east, Hungary on the northeast, and Austria on the north. The capital and largest city of Slovenia is Ljubljana.
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Sotheby's
'''Sotheby's''' is the world's fourth oldest auction house in continuous operation.
http://wn.com/Sotheby's -
Soviet Union
http://wn.com/Soviet_Union -
Sri Lanka
The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (commonly known as Sri Lanka (, , or ); ; , ) is a country and a sovereign state off souther coast of the Indian subcontinent. A island nation in South Asia, it was till 1972 known as Ceylon (, , or ). Sri Lanka is surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait.
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Sudan
Sudan (), officially the Republic of the Sudan, is a country in northeastern Africa. It is the largest country in Africa and the Arab world, and tenth largest in the world by area. It is bordered by Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east,Kenya and Uganda to the southeast, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Central African Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya to the northwest. The world's longest river, the Nile, divides the country between east and west sides.
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Syria
Syria ( ; ' or '), officially the Syrian Arab Republic (), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
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Taiwan Strait
The Taiwan Strait or Formosa Strait (formerly Black Ditch ()) is a 180-km-wide (111.85-mile-wide) strait between China and Taiwan. The strait is part of the South China Sea and connects to East China Sea to the northeast. The narrowest part is 131 km (81.4 mi.) wide.
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Tanzania
The United Republic of Tanzania (; phonetical: tan-zann-ei-a; or sometimes tan-zanneia; ) is a country in central East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern borders lie on the Indian Ocean.
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The Hague
http://wn.com/The_Hague -
Ukraine
Ukraine ( ; , transliterated: , ), with its area of 603,628 km2, is the second largest country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by the Russian Federation to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast respectively.
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US State Department
http://wn.com/US_State_Department -
Venezuela
http://wn.com/Venezuela -
Vitim event
The Vitim event or Bodaybo event is believed to be an impact by a bolide or comet nucleus in the Vitim River basin. It occurred near the town of Bodaybo in the Mamsko-Chuisky district of Irkutsk Oblast, Siberia, Russia on September 25, 2002 at approximately 10:00 p.m. (local time). The event was also detected by a U.S. military missile-defense satellite.
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West Bank
The West Bank (, , , ''HaGadah HaMa'aravit'') is a landlocked territory and is the eastern part of the Palestinian territories; on the west bank of the Jordan River in the Middle East. To the west, north, and south, the West Bank shares borders with the state of Israel. To the east, across the Jordan River, lies the country of Jordan. The West Bank also contains a significant coastline along the western bank of the Dead Sea. Since 1967, most of the West Bank has been under Israeli military occupation as what it calls the Judea and Samaria Area. A smaller part of the West Bank is administered by the Israeli civilian authorities as part of Jerusalem District.
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Westminster Abbey
http://wn.com/Westminster_Abbey
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Abba Eban
Abba Eban (, born Aubrey Solomon Meir Eban 2 February 1915 - 17 November 2002) was an Israeli diplomat and politician.
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Abdur Rahman Badawi
http://wn.com/Abdur_Rahman_Badawi -
Abu Nidal
http://wn.com/Abu_Nidal -
Adelaide Abankwah
Adelaide Abankwah (born circa 1971) was a pseudonym taken by Ghanaian Regina Norman Danson when she tried to immigrate to the U.S. as a refugee claiming to be fleeing female genital cutting and seeking political asylum.
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Aileen Wuornos
http://wn.com/Aileen_Wuornos -
Air China
Air China (, , ) (, Pinyin: , literally meaning "China International Airlines Company", abbreviated ) is the People's Republic of China's state-owned and second-largest commercial airline after China Southern Airlines. Its logo consists of a phoenix in the form of the acronym VIP, and "Air China" in both English and Chinese, which was autographed by Deng Xiaoping. It operates 5,090 flights each week worldwide and is the 18th largest airline in the world by fleet size. Air China is also the world's largest carrier by market capitalisation. It has its headquarters in the Beijing Tianzhu Airport Industrial Zone in Shunyi District, Beijing.
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Alexander Prokhorov
http://wn.com/Alexander_Prokhorov -
Andrea Yates
Andrea Yates (born Andrea Pia Kennedy July 2, 1964) is a former Houston, Texas resident who killed her five young children on June 20, 2001 by drowning them in the bathtub in her house. She had been suffering for years with very severe postpartum depression and psychosis. Her case placed the M'Naghten Rules, a legal test for sanity, under close public scrutiny in the United States. Yates's 2002 conviction of capital murder and sentence to life in prison with the possibility of parole after 40 years was later overturned on appeal.
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Antonio Meucci
Antonio Meucci (; April 13, 1808 – October 18, 1889) was a compatriot of Italian revolutionary Giuseppe Garibaldi, and an inventor, best known for developing a voice communication apparatus in 1857. Many people credit him with the invention of the telephone
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Antti Koivumäki
http://wn.com/Antti_Koivumäki -
Astrid Lindgren
http://wn.com/Astrid_Lindgren -
Billy Wilder
Billy Wilder (22 June 190627 March 2002) was an Austrian-born American filmmaker, screenwriter, producer, artist, and journalist, whose career spanned more than 50 years and 60 films. He is regarded as one of the most brilliant and versatile filmmakers of Hollywood's golden age. Wilder is one of only five people who have won three Academy Awards for producing, directing and writing the same film (The Apartment).
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Bob Hayes
Robert Lee "Bullet Bob" Hayes (December 20, 1942 – September 18, 2002) was an Olympic sprinter turned American football wide receiver in the National Football League for the Dallas Cowboys. An American track and field athlete, he was a two-sport stand-out in college in both track and football at Florida A&M; University. Hayes was enshrined in the Dallas Cowboys Ring of Honor in 2001 and was selected for induction in the Pro Football Hall of Fame in January 2009. He was officially inducted in Canton, Ohio on August 8, 2009. Hayes is the second Olympic gold medalist to be inducted to the Hall of Fame, after Jim Thorpe.
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Bobby Frank Cherry
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Bobo Olson
Carl Olson (July 11, 1928 – January 16, 2002) was an American boxer. He was the world middleweight champion between October 1953 and December 1955, the longest reign of any champion in that division during the 1950s, although he is probably best remembered for his three knockout losses against Sugar Ray Robinson.
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Byron White
http://wn.com/Byron_White -
Camilo José Cela
http://wn.com/Camilo_José_Cela -
Carmen Silvera
: Not to be confused with Carmen Sylva.
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Chaim Potok
http://wn.com/Chaim_Potok -
Charles Sheffield
Charles Sheffield (June 25, 1935 – November 2, 2002), was an English-born mathematician, physicist and science fiction author. He had been a President of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America and of the American Astronautical Society.
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Chechnya
http://wn.com/Chechnya -
Chick Hearn
Francis Dayle "Chick" Hearn (November 27, 1916 – August 5, 2002) was an American sportscaster. Known primarily as the long-time play-by-play announcer for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association, the legendary Hearn is remembered for his rapid fire, staccato broadcasting style, inventing colorful phrases such as slam dunk, air ball, and no harm, no foul that have become common basketball vernacular, and for broadcasting 3,338 consecutive Lakers games starting on November 21, 1965. Additionally, Hearn started the now common tradition of estimating the distance of shots taken.
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Chico Xavier
http://wn.com/Chico_Xavier -
Chuck Jones
http://wn.com/Chuck_Jones -
Cleopatra Stratan
http://wn.com/Cleopatra_Stratan -
César Milstein
http://wn.com/César_Milstein -
Daniel Pearl
http://wn.com/Daniel_Pearl -
Davey Boy Smith
http://wn.com/Davey_Boy_Smith -
Davis Cleveland
http://wn.com/Davis_Cleveland -
Dee Dee Ramone
http://wn.com/Dee_Dee_Ramone -
Desmond Hoyte
Hugh Desmond Hoyte (March 9, 1929 – December 22, 2002) was a Guyanese politician. He served as Prime Minister of Guyana from 1984 to 1985 and President of Guyana from 1985 until 1992.
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Dhirubhai Ambani
http://wn.com/Dhirubhai_Ambani -
Dudley Moore
Dudley Stuart John Moore, CBE (19 April 1935 – 27 March 2002) was an English actor, comedian, composer and musician.
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Duncan Hallas
Duncan Hallas (23 December 1925 - 19 September 2002), was a prominent member of the Trotskyist movement and a leading member of the Socialist Workers Party in Great Britain.
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Edsger W. Dijkstra
http://wn.com/Edsger_W_Dijkstra -
Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary, born 21 April 1926) is the reigning queen and head of state of 16 independent sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, and Saint Kitts and Nevis. In addition, as Head of the Commonwealth, she is the figurehead of the 54-member Commonwealth of Nations and, as the British monarch, she is the Supreme Governor of the Church of England.
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Enrique Bolaños
http://wn.com/Enrique_Bolaños -
Eugène Brands
http://wn.com/Eugène_Brands -
Ferdinand Marcos
http://wn.com/Ferdinand_Marcos -
Fidel Castro
Fidel Alejandro Castro Ruz (born August 13, 1926) is a Cuban politician. One of the primary leaders of the Cuban Revolution, Castro served as the Prime Minister of Cuba from February 1959 to December 1976, and then as the President of the Council of State of Cuba and the President of Council of Ministers of Cuba until his resignation from the office in February 2008. He currently serves as First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba, a position he has held since 1965.
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Franco Lucentini
Franco Lucentini (December 24, 1920 - August 5, 2002) was an Italian writer, journalist, translator and editor of anthologies.
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Franz Krienbühl
http://wn.com/Franz_Krienbühl -
Freddy Heineken
http://wn.com/Freddy_Heineken -
Fritz Walter
Friedrich "Fritz" Walter (31 October 1920 – 17 June 2002) was a German footballer. In his time with the German national team, he won 61 caps and scored 33 goals.
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Galen Rowell
Galen Avery Rowell (August 23, 1940 – August 11, 2002) was a noted wilderness photographer and climber. Born in Oakland, California, he became a full-time photographer in 1972.
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Garry Kasparov
Garry Kimovich Kasparov (, ; born Garry Kimovich Weinstein, 13 April 1963) is a Russian (formerly Soviet) chess grandmaster, a former World Chess Champion, writer, and political activist, whom many consider the greatest chess player of all time.
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George Alec Effinger
George Alec Effinger (January 10, 1947 – April 27, 2002) was an American science fiction author, born in 1947 in Cleveland, Ohio.
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George Porter
George Hornidge Porter, Baron Porter of Luddenham, OM, FRS (6 December 1920 – 31 August 2002) was a British chemist.
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George VI
http://wn.com/George_VI -
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (; born July 6, 1946, in New Haven, Connecticut) was the 43rd President of the United States, serving from 2001 to 2009, and the 46th Governor of Texas, serving from 1995 to 2000.
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Gerhard Schröder
http://wn.com/Gerhard_Schröder -
Glenn Quinn
http://wn.com/Glenn_Quinn -
Göran Persson
http://wn.com/Göran_Persson -
Hamid Karzai
http://wn.com/Hamid_Karzai -
Hans Blix
http://wn.com/Hans_Blix -
Hans Enoksen
Hans Enoksen (born 7 August 1956 in Itilleq, Greenland) is a Greenlandic politician who served as the fourth Prime Minister of Greenland from 2002 to 2009.
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Hans Janmaat
Hans Janmaat (November 3, 1934, Nes aan de Amstel - June 9, 2002, The Hague) was a right-wing politician in the Netherlands. He represented the Centrumpartij and his own Centrum Democraten political parties in the House of Representatives, the Dutch lower house of parliament, between 1982 and 1998. Although he was widely known, he was never a major force in the Dutch political landscape.
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Hansie Cronje
Wessel Johannes "Hansie" Cronje (25 September 1969 - 1 June 2002) was a South African cricketer and captain of the South African national cricket team in the 1990s. He was voted the 11th greatest South African in 2004 despite having been banned for life from professional cricket for his role in a match-fixing scandal.
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Helen Clark
Helen Elizabeth Clark, ONZ (born 26 February 1950) is the Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme, the third-highest UN position, and was the 37th Prime Minister of New Zealand for three consecutive terms from 1999 to 2008. She led the Labour Party from 1993 until it lost the 2008 general election. Before resigning from Parliament in April 2009, Clark was Labour's foreign affairs spokeswoman and MP for the Mount Albert electorate which she had held since 1981. Forbes magazine ranked her 20th most powerful woman in the world in 2006.
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Helmut Zacharias
Helmut Zacharias (January 27, 1920-February 28, 2002) was a German violinist. He started having lessons at the age of 4. At 6 he played at the cabaret Faun in Berlin and had his first radio broadcast five years later. In the 1950s he was considered to be one of the best jazz violinists of Europe and was dubbed "The Magic Violinist" and "Germany's Mr. Violin", selling over 14 million records worldwide. He played together with many other famous artists, including Yehudi Menuhin and had his own TV show from 1968 to 1973. He died in 2002 in Tessin, Switzerland.
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Howard K. Smith
http://wn.com/Howard_K_Smith -
Hu Jintao
'''
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Hugo Chávez
http://wn.com/Hugo_Chávez -
Ibn Al-Khattab
Samir Saleh Abdullah Al-Suwailem () (April 14, 1969 – March 20, 2002), more commonly known as Emir Khattab (also transliterated as Amir Khattab and Ameer Khattab) meaning Commander Khattab, or Leader Khattab, and also known as Habib Abdul Rahman, was a Muslim guerilla fighter and financier working with Chechen Mujahideen in the First Chechen War and the Second Chechen War.
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Imre Kertész
http://wn.com/Imre_Kertész -
Jack Shea
John Amos Shea (September 7, 1910 – January 22, 2002), better known as Jack Shea or The Chief, was an American double-Gold medalist in speed skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics. He was the first American to win two Gold medals at the same Olympics , and the patriarch of what the BBC identified as the first family with three generations of Olympians.
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Jacques Chirac
http://wn.com/Jacques_Chirac -
Jam-Master Jay
Jason William Mizell (January 21, 1965 – October 30, 2002), also known as Jam-Master Jay, was the DJ of the influential hip hop group Run-D.M.C. He helped define the sound of the band and the style of the black hats and Adidas shoes that came to be the band's trademark. During the 1980s, Run-D.M.C. became the biggest hip-hop group and are credited with breaking hip-hop into mainstream music.
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James Coburn
James Harrison Coburn, Jr. (August 31, 1928 – November 18, 2002) was an American film and television actor who appeared in nearly 70 films and made over 100 television appearances during his 45-year career. He played a wide range of roles and won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor as Glen Whitehouse in the film Affliction.
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James Tobin
http://wn.com/James_Tobin -
Jasper Fforde
Jasper Fforde (born 11 January 1961) is a British novelist. Fforde's first novel, The Eyre Affair, was published in 2001. Fforde is mainly known for his Thursday Next novels, although he has written another series, the Nursery Crime Stories series. He is starting another series of books entitled Shades of Grey.
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Jean Berger
Jean Berger (September 27, 1909, Hamm, Westphalia – May 28, 2002) was a German-born pianist, composer, and music educator.
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Jean-Marie Le Pen
Jean-Marie Le Pen (; born 20 June 1928) is a French conservative and nationalist politician who is founder and president of the Front National (National Front) party. Le Pen has run for the French presidency five times, including in 2002, when in a surprise upset he came second, polling more votes in the first round than the main left candidate, Lionel Jospin. Le Pen lost in the second round to Jacques Chirac. Le Pen again ran in the 2007 French presidential election and finished fourth. His 2007 campaign, at the age of 78 years and 9 months, makes him the oldest candidate for presidential office in France.
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Jimmy Carter
James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924) served as the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981 and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize, the only U.S. President to have received the Prize after leaving office. Before he became President, Carter served two terms as a Georgia State Senator and one as Governor of Georgia, from 1971 to 1975, and was a peanut farmer and naval officer.
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Joachim Hoffmann
http://wn.com/Joachim_Hoffmann -
Joaquín Balaguer
http://wn.com/Joaquín_Balaguer -
John Allen Muhammad
John Allen Muhammad (December 31, 1960 – November 10, 2009) was a spree killer from the United States. With his younger partner, Lee Boyd Malvo, he carried out the 2002 Beltway sniper attacks, killing at least 10 people. Muhammad and Malvo were arrested in connection with the attacks on October 24, 2002, following tips from alert citizens.
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John B. Fenn
http://wn.com/John_B_Fenn -
John Cocke
John Cocke (May 30, 1925 – July 16, 2002) was an American computer scientist recognized for his large contribution to computer architecture and optimizing compiler design. He is considered by many to be "the father of RISC architecture."
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John E. Sulston
Sir John Edward Sulston, FRS (born March 27, 1942) is a British biologist and the 2002 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate. He is currently Chair of the Institute for Science, Ethics and Innovation ([http://www.isei.manchester.ac.uk/ iSEI]) at the University of Manchester.
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John Entwistle
http://wn.com/John_Entwistle -
John Eriksen
http://wn.com/John_Eriksen -
John Frankenheimer
John Michael Frankenheimer (February 19, 1930 – July 6, 2002) was an American filmmaker. He is known for making The Manchurian Candidate (1962), Birdman of Alcatraz (also 1962), The Train, (1964), Seven Days in May (also 1964) and Ronin (1998).
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John Gorton
Sir John Grey Gorton, GCMG, AC, CH (9 September 191119 May 2002), Australian politician, was the 19th Prime Minister of Australia.
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John Gotti
John Joseph Gotti, Jr (October 27, 1940 - June 10, 2002) was the Boss of the New York City Gambino crime family after the murder of the previous boss Paul Castellano. John Gotti was the most powerful crime boss during his era. He became widely known for his outspoken personality and flamboyant style that eventually caused his downfall.
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John Rawls
http://wn.com/John_Rawls -
John Walker Lindh
John Phillip Walker Lindh (born February 9, 1981) is an American citizen who was captured as an enemy combatant during the United States' 2001 invasion of Afghanistan. He is now serving a 20-year prison sentence in connection with his participation in Afghanistan's Taliban army. He was captured during the Battle of Qala-i-Jangi, a violent Taliban prison uprising where American CIA officer Johnny "Mike" Spann was killed.
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Jonas Savimbi
Jonas Malheiro Savimbi (August 3, 1934 – February 22, 2002) was an Angolan rebel leader. Savimbi led UNITA, a rebel group that fought against the initially pro-Soviet MPLA in the Angolan Civil War until his death in a clash with Government troops in 2002.
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Joseph Bonanno
http://wn.com/Joseph_Bonanno -
Joseph Luns
Joseph Marie Antoine Hubert Luns (August 28, 1911 - July 17, 2002) was a Dutch politician and diplomat of the defunct Catholic People's Party (KVP) now merged into the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA). He was the longest-serving Minister of Foreign Affairs from September 2, 1952 until July 6, 1971. He served as the 5th Secretary General of NATO from October 1, 1971 until June 25, 1984, the longest-serving Secretary General of NATO for 13-years.
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Judit Polgar
http://wn.com/Judit_Polgar -
Katy Jurado
http://wn.com/Katy_Jurado -
Kevin Warwick
Kevin Warwick (born 9 February 1954 Coventry, UK) is a British scientist and professor of cybernetics at the University of Reading, Reading, Berkshire, United Kingdom. He is best known for his studies on direct interfaces between computer systems and the human nervous system, although he has also done much research in the field of robotics.
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Koichi Tanaka
is a Japanese scientist who shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2002 for developing a novel method for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules with John Bennett Fenn and Kurt Wuthrich (the latter for work in NMR spectroscopy).
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Kurt Wüthrich
http://wn.com/Kurt_Wüthrich -
Károly Doncsecz
http://wn.com/Károly_Doncsecz -
Laurent Lafforgue
Laurent Lafforgue (born 6 November 1966, in Antony, Hauts-de-Seine, France) is a French mathematician.
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Layne Staley
http://wn.com/Layne_Staley -
Lee Boyd Malvo
Lee Boyd Malvo (also known as John Lee Malvo ) (born February 18, 1985), is a serial killer convicted, along with John Allen Muhammad, of mass murder in connection with the Beltway sniper attacks, which took place in the Washington Metropolitan Area over a three-week period in October 2002. According to his own confession they had planned to kill six people a day for a month in order "to terrorize the nation". The beltway attacks turned out to be only the last of a series of shootings across the United States which began on the West Coast. Muhammad had befriended the juvenile Malvo, and had enlisted him in the murderous rampage under some false pretenses and influences which are still not fully understood by authorities. According to Craig Cooley, one of Malvo's defense attorneys, Malvo believed Muhammad when he told him that the $10 million ransom sought from the US government to stop the sniper killings would be used to establish a Utopian society for 140 black homeless children on a Canadian compound.
http://wn.com/Lee_Boyd_Malvo -
Leo Ornstein
http://wn.com/Leo_Ornstein -
Leopold Vietoris
http://wn.com/Leopold_Vietoris -
Linda Lovelace
http://wn.com/Linda_Lovelace -
Lionel Hampton
Lionel Leo Hampton (April 20, 1908 – August 31, 2002) was an American jazz vibraphonist, pianist, percussionist, bandleader and actor. Like Red Norvo, he was one of the first jazz vibraphone players. Hampton ranks among the great names in jazz history, having worked with a who's who of jazz musicians, from Benny Goodman and Buddy Rich to Charlie Parker and Quincy Jones. In 1992, he was inducted into the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame.
http://wn.com/Lionel_Hampton -
Lisa Lopes
Lisa Nicole Lopes (May 27, 1971 – April 25, 2002), better known by her stage name Left Eye, was an American rapper, singer, dancer, songwriter, best known as a member of the R&B; girl group TLC.
http://wn.com/Lisa_Lopes -
Lou Thesz
Aloysius Martin "Lou" Thesz (April 24, 1916 - April 28, 2002) was an American professional wrestler and six time NWA World Heavyweight Champion. Combined, he held the NWA Championship for 10 years, three months and nine days (3,749 days total), longer than anyone in history. Among his many accomplishments, he is credited with inventing a number of professional wrestling moves such as the belly to back waistlock suplex (later known as the German suplex due to its association with Karl Gotch), the Lou Thesz press, STF and the original powerbomb.
http://wn.com/Lou_Thesz -
Mamo Wolde
MedalCountry|
http://wn.com/Mamo_Wolde -
María Félix
http://wn.com/María_Félix -
Masatoshi Koshiba
(born on September 19, 1926 in Toyohashi, Aichi) is a Japanese physicist. He jointly won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2002.
http://wn.com/Masatoshi_Koshiba -
Max Perutz
http://wn.com/Max_Perutz -
Max Reinhardt
__NOTOC__
http://wn.com/Max_Reinhardt -
Mayo Kaan
Mayo Kaan (March 2, 1914 – July 9, 2002) was a bodybuilder who claimed to be the original model for Superman. Mayo is also the father of millionaire Valerie Kaan.
http://wn.com/Mayo_Kaan -
Merlin Santana
Merlin Thomas Santana (March 14, 1976 – November 9, 2002) was an American actor, perhaps best known for his role as high school student Romeo Santana on the WB series The Steve Harvey Show.
http://wn.com/Merlin_Santana -
Milton Berle
http://wn.com/Milton_Berle -
Myra Hindley
http://wn.com/Myra_Hindley -
Ne Win
Ne Win ( ; 24 May or 14 May 1911 or 10 July 1910 – 5 December 2002) was a Burmese politician and military commander. He was Prime Minister of Burma from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1974 and also head of state from 1962 to 1981. He also was the founder and from 1963 to 1988 the chairman of the Burma Socialist Programme Party, which from 1964 until 1988 was the sole political party in the Burmese nation state.
http://wn.com/Ne_Win -
Niki de Saint Phalle
http://wn.com/Niki_de_Saint_Phalle -
Nándor Hidegkuti
http://wn.com/Nándor_Hidegkuti -
Osama bin Laden
http://wn.com/Osama_bin_Laden -
Palestinians
http://wn.com/Palestinians -
Parley Baer
Parley Edward Baer (August 5, 1914 – November 22, 2002) was an American actor in film, television, and radio.
http://wn.com/Parley_Baer -
Paul Wellstone
http://wn.com/Paul_Wellstone -
Peggy Lee
http://wn.com/Peggy_Lee -
Pierre Bourdieu
http://wn.com/Pierre_Bourdieu -
Pierre Werner
http://wn.com/Pierre_Werner -
Pim Fortuyn
http://wn.com/Pim_Fortuyn -
Queenie Leonard
Queenie Leonard (February 18, 1905 – January 17, 2002) was a British character actress and singer.
http://wn.com/Queenie_Leonard -
Ray Conniff
Joseph Raymond Conniff (November 6, 1916 – October 12, 2002) was an American bandleader and arranger best known for his Ray Conniff Singers during the 1960s.
http://wn.com/Ray_Conniff -
Riccardo Giacconi
Riccardo Giacconi (born October 6, 1931) is an Italian/American Nobel Prize-winning astrophysicist who laid the foundations of X-ray astronomy.
http://wn.com/Riccardo_Giacconi -
Rico Yan
http://wn.com/Rico_Yan -
Robert Guéï
http://wn.com/Robert_Guéï -
Robert Hanssen
Robert Philip Hanssen (born April 18, 1944) is a former American FBI agent who spied for Soviet and Russian intelligence services against the United States for 22 years from 1979 to 2001. He is currently serving a life sentence at the Federal Bureau of Prisons Administrative Maximum facility in Florence, Colorado, a "Supermax" federal penitentiary in which Hanssen spends 23 hours a day in solitary confinement.
http://wn.com/Robert_Hanssen -
Robert Lull Forward
http://wn.com/Robert_Lull_Forward -
Robert Nozick
http://wn.com/Robert_Nozick -
Robert Urich
Robert Urich (December 19, 1946 – April 16, 2002) was an American actor. He played the starring role in the television series (1985–1988) and Vega$ (1978–1981). He also appeared in other television series over the years including: S.W.A.T. (1975), Soap (1977), and The Lazarus Man (1996), as well as in several feature films including Turk 182!, The Ice Pirates, and Magnum Force. Urich died in 2002 in Thousand Oaks, California. The actor announced in 1996 that he was suffering from synovial cell sarcoma, a rare cancer that attacks the body's joints, he underwent several treatments to fight the cancer during the last years of his life.
http://wn.com/Robert_Urich -
Rod Steiger
Rodney Stephen "Rod" Steiger (April 14, 1925July 9, 2002) was an American actor known for his performances in such films as In the Heat of the Night, Waterloo, The Pawnbroker, On the Waterfront, The Harder They Fall and Doctor Zhivago.
http://wn.com/Rod_Steiger -
Rosemary Clooney
Rosemary Clooney (May 23, 1928 – June 29, 2002) was an American singer and actress. She came to prominence in the early 1950s with the novelty hit "Come On-a My House" written by William Saroyan and his cousin Ross Bagdasarian (David Seville) creator of Alvin and the Chipmunks, which was followed by other pop numbers such as "Botch-a-Me" (a cover version of the Italian song Ba-Ba-Baciami Piccina by Alberto Rabagliati), "Mambo Italiano", "Tenderly", "Half as Much", "Hey There" and "This Ole House", though she would go on to success as a jazz vocalist.
http://wn.com/Rosemary_Clooney -
Rudolph Giuliani
http://wn.com/Rudolph_Giuliani -
Ruth Handler
http://wn.com/Ruth_Handler -
Saddam Hussein
http://wn.com/Saddam_Hussein -
Sam Snead
Samuel Jackson Snead (May 27, 1912 – May 23, 2002) was an American professional golfer who was one of the top players in the world for most of four decades. He and two of the other greatest golfers of all time, Ben Hogan and Byron Nelson, were born within six months of each other in 1912. Snead won a record 82 PGA Tour events.
http://wn.com/Sam_Snead -
Slobodan Milošević
http://wn.com/Slobodan_Milošević -
Sopubek Begaliev
http://wn.com/Sopubek_Begaliev -
Spike Milligan
http://wn.com/Spike_Milligan -
Stephen Ambrose
http://wn.com/Stephen_Ambrose -
Stephen Jay Gould
Stephen Jay Gould (September 10, 1941 – May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist and historian of science. He was also one of the most influential and widely read writers of popular science of his generation.
http://wn.com/Stephen_Jay_Gould -
Sydney Brenner
Sydney Brenner, CH FRS (born January 13, 1927) is a South African biologist and a 2002 Nobel prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate, shared with H. Robert Horvitz and John Sulston.
http://wn.com/Sydney_Brenner -
Ted Williams
Theodore Samuel Williams (August 30, 1918 – July 5, 2002) was an American left fielder in Major League Baseball. He played 21 seasons with the Boston Red Sox, twice interrupted by military service as a Marine Corps pilot. Nicknamed The Kid, the Splendid Splinter, Teddy Ballgame, and The Thumper, he is widely considered one of the greatest hitters ever.
http://wn.com/Ted_Williams -
Thor Heyerdahl
Thor Heyerdahl (October 6, 1914, Larvik, Norway – April 18, 2002, Colla Micheri, Italy) was a Norwegian ethnographer and adventurer with a scientific background in zoology and geography. Heyerdahl became notable for his Kon-Tiki expedition, in which he sailed 4,300 miles (8,000 km) by raft from South America to the Tuamotu Islands. All his legendary expeditions are shown in the Kon-Tiki Museum, Oslo.
http://wn.com/Thor_Heyerdahl -
Traudl Junge
Traudl Junge (born Gertraud Humps 16 March 1920 – 10 February 2002) was Adolf Hitler's youngest personal private secretary, from December 1942 to April 1945.
http://wn.com/Traudl_Junge -
Valeri Lobanovsky
http://wn.com/Valeri_Lobanovsky -
Virginia Hamilton
Virginia Hamilton (March 12, 1936 – February 19, 2002) was an award-winning author of children's books. She wrote over 35 books, including M. C. Higgins, the Great, for which she won the National Book Award in 1974 and the 1975 Newbery Medal.
http://wn.com/Virginia_Hamilton -
Vladimir Voevodsky
Vladimir Voevodsky (, born 4 June 1966) is a Russian mathematician. His work in developing a homotopy theory for algebraic varieties and formulating motivic cohomology led to the award of a Fields Medal in 2002.
http://wn.com/Vladimir_Voevodsky -
Walter Winterbottom
http://wn.com/Walter_Winterbottom -
Waylon Jennings
Waylon Arnold Jennings (June 15, 1937 – February 13, 2002) was an American country music singer, writer and musician. A self-taught guitar player, he rose to prominence as a bass player for Buddy Holly following the break-up of The Crickets. Jennings escaped death in the February 3, 1959, plane crash that took the lives of Buddy Holly, Ritchie Valens, and J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson when he gave up his seat to Richardson who had been sick with the flu. Urban legend and Hollywood folklore have it that Jennings and The Big Bopper flipped a coin for the last seat on the plane, with Jennings losing. It was, in fact, Tommy Allsup who flipped the coin for the fated plane trip, losing his seat to Ritchie Valens.
http://wn.com/Waylon_Jennings -
Whoopi Goldberg
Whoopi Goldberg (; born Caryn Elaine Johnson; November 13, 1955) is an American comedian, actress, singer-songwriter, political activist, and talk show host.
http://wn.com/Whoopi_Goldberg -
Yousuf Karsh
Yousuf Karsh, CC (December 23, 1908 – July 13, 2002) was a Canadian photographer of Armenian heritage, and one of the most famous and accomplished portrait photographers of all time.
http://wn.com/Yousuf_Karsh -
Yucca Mountain
Yucca Mountain is a mountain in Nevada approximately northwest of the Las Vegas metropolitan area. It is the proposed site for the Yucca Mountain nuclear waste repository.
http://wn.com/Yucca_Mountain -
Íngrid Betancourt
Ingrid Betancourt Pulecio (born 25 December 1961) is a French-Colombian politician, former senator and anti-corruption activist.
http://wn.com/Íngrid_Betancourt
karaoke
Eine, dem Untergang geweihte
Insel gibt mich frei
Ich war der einzig hier Gefangene
Sie jagt mich fort ?
Sie wird das Ende nicht mit mir teilen an diesem Ort
An dem als Abenteurer ich strandete
Ein Schiff reißt mich eilig von ihr los
Dem Meer sinkt sie schlafend in den Schoß
Das, was ich war
So lang' als Sklave ich ihr diente
War es klar stets ein Schwert
Wonach ich trachtete
Was für ein Fluch
? Ich tötete wonach ich noch immer such'
Es war die Liebe die ich schlachtete
Dem Meer sinkt sie sterbend in den Schoß
Allein die Freiheit bringt mir keinen Trost
Einsam zurück
Lässt sie mich ohne auch nur einen Funken Glück
Dieser Aufbruch ist mein Abschiedslied
Ein Schiff reißt mich eilig von ihr los
Dem Meer sinkt sie schlafend in den Schoß
The year is 2002
I'm doing exactly what I wanted to
Baby I don't even think about you anymore
Just thought I?d drop you a line
To let you know I was doing fine
'Cause baby it's been a long, long time
Since you walked out my door
It took me some time I must confess
For a while there I was feeling less than my best
Had get out of town so I headed out west
Ended up in Seattle
I thought I?d start a brand new band
Thought I might call it Lonelyland
Things got a little out of hand
Ended up hooked on heroin
So ended up moving back over to Germany
Living with the folks baggin' grocery
The time I had was mostly free
I spent most of it drinking
I got myself in a jam or two
Guess it's what I had to do
Late at night I?d still thinkin' you
Felt like I was drowning
I met this girl at a discotheque
She is a dancer, baby, but not what you'd expect
She taught ballet
And she was half-Czech, half Chinese
But after she decided not to have the baby
Said she might move back to the Mainland maybe
But then I didn't really care
I was half drunk, half crazy
Got arrested, but never convicted
Parents eventually had me evicted
Tried your number, it been disconnected
Guess I should've known
Heard you got married and you moved away
Called your folks but where they wouldn't say
Said it's probably better that way
So I just let it be
Moved back to Austin 'bout a year ago
Drive a school bus I don't drink no more
Go out every once in a while and see show
But mostly I just watch TV
So I don't know where I?m gonna send this letter
I doubt things are ever going to get much better
Seems like life's one big whatever
Anyway
Just thought I?d drop you a line
Lie and say I was doing fine
'Cause baby it's been a long, long time
RELEASE
ALBUMS
- Forever My Love
- Flight of the Swan
- Beauty and Grace
- Challenge From Heaven
- A Choice From the Heart
- Cycle of Time
- A Divine Encounter
- Destinies
- Enduring Love
- Time Stands Still
- Where the Stars and Moon Play
- When I See You Again
- Deep Still Blue
- An Ocean Apart
- Sarah's Rainbow
- Little Angel
- Setting Sail
- Summer's End
- Sweet Dreams
- The Voyage Home
- Inner Light
- Another Answer Came
- Remember Now
- The Emerald Way
- Overheard in a Dream
- Soul Doors
- Unopened Flower
- Timeless
- Traveler Winds
- Secret Shores
- Suddenly Yours
- Sunny Day
- Morning of Light
- Even Now
- Life Is
- Moment of Love
- Romancing the Moon
- A Gate of Dreams
- Children in June
- Bliss
- Dreaming of You
- Stardust
- City of Peace
- Lovers' Bridge
- Summer of 300 Years
- Lady of the Moon
- The Sea at Night
- Stella Maris
- Kindred Spirit
- To Touch the Sky
- The Calling
- The Ocean Dreams
- Full Circle
- The Ocean Dreams
- The Sound of Still Water
- The Sea at Night
- Valley of Healing Waters
- The River's Journey
- Oceans of Life
- Well of Wisdom
- Lady of the Moon
- Nautilus
- Heart of the Nile
- River of Stars
- Elysian Fields
- Stella Maris
- First Daughter of the Moon
- Starwalkers
- Heaven and Earth
- Lovers' Bridge
- The Dreaming Tree
- Tanabata Moon
- Rays of Light
- Once in Ancient Greece
- A Year and a Day
- The Sands of Crete
- Icarus
- Athens Memories
- The Tower of Minos
- Wings
- Feathers
- Temple of Apollo
- In the Time of Legend
- Savitri-Child of the Sun
- The Quest
- Satyavan
- One
- Descent Into Darkness
- The Year
- The Forest
- A Voice in the Night
- A Dream Twilight
- The Eternal Day
- Return to Earth
- Summer of 300 Years
- Sea of Dreams
- Land of Forever
- Realms of Splendor
- The Calling
- Dance with a Princess
- Feast of Immortals
- Falling Through Time
- Heavenly Cities
- Oceansky
- To Touch the Sky
- Chrysalis
- A Gift of Life
- Greater Than the Sum
- Spinning the Silk
- Journey Within
- Dream Come True
- Healing Rain
- Cocoon
- Magic Flower
- Return to Freedom
- Memory of the Sky
- Lady of the Lake
- Higher Destination
- Athena
- Firebird
- Breathing Light
- Stillpoint
- Sunlight through a Feather
- The End Is a Beginning
- Hark! The Herald Angels Sing
- In the Bleak Midwinter
- Carol of the Bells
- The First Noel
- O Little Town of Bethlehem
- It Came Upon a Midnight Clear
- What Child Is This
- Away in a Manger
- Silent Night
- O Come All Ye Faithful
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
The 30 best songs of 2002
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:47
- Published: 28 Mar 2011
- Updated: 01 Oct 2012
the updated version including 85 songs www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/The_30_best_songs_of_2002
Free To Fly by 2002
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:01
- Published: 25 Jan 2009
- Updated: 22 Sep 2012
We created this video using performance footage of our band (2002) mixed with elements from our new DVD "A Word in the Wind". Be sure and click on "Watch in HD" if you can! (bottom, right)
http://wn.com/Free_To_Fly_by_2002
USA vs. Germany 2002 World Cup Highlights
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:29
- Published: 11 Apr 2008
- Updated: 28 Sep 2012
The United States plays Germany in the quarterfinals of the 2002 World Cup. From the documentary "Our Way"
http://wn.com/USA_vs_Germany_2002_World_Cup_Highlights
2002 World Cup Soccer Commercial
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:00
- Published: 30 Jan 2007
- Updated: 29 Sep 2012
One of the best soccer commercials
http://wn.com/2002_World_Cup_Soccer_Commercial
Ron Paul's 2002 Predictions All Come True - Incredible Video!
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:52
- Published: 03 Jan 2012
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
This video was made by CollectiveCheckup at www.youtube.com and ripped to add CC. This video is a famous Ron Paul speech from April 24, 2002 where he makes a series of predictions, and it is juxtaposed with actual news headlines from years later that confirm his predictions all came true.
http://wn.com/Ron_Paul's_2002_Predictions_All_Come_True_Incredible_Video!
Chicago (2002)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:26
- Published: 07 Jan 2008
- Updated: 29 Sep 2012
Theatrical trailer for the hit movie musical "Chicago"
http://wn.com/Chicago_2002
Tom Waits- Letterman interview 2002
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:38
- Published: 09 Nov 2005
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
Engaging interview with Tom at the time of the realease of Alice and Blood Money
http://wn.com/Tom_Waits_Letterman_interview_2002
Whitney Houston 'Crack is Whack' Clip From 2002 Diane Sawyer Interview
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:23
- Published: 12 Feb 2012
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
The Legendary singer's 2002 interview with Diane Sawyer For more information, click here: abcnews.go.com
http://wn.com/Whitney_Houston_'Crack_is_Whack'_Clip_From_2002_Diane_Sawyer_Interview
Mario - Just A Friend 2002
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:34
- Published: 25 Oct 2009
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
Music video by Mario performing Just A Friend 2002. (C) 2002 J Records LLC
http://wn.com/Mario_Just_A_Friend_2002
Ron Paul - Predictions in Due Time (Original)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:52
- Published: 03 Jan 2012
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
This is Ron Paul's famous Predictions speech from April 24, 2002. This is the original video compiling recent images and video to give his speech a chilling effect. Delivering Breaking Hit News Pieces - www.CollectiveCheckup.com "I have no timetable for these predictions, but just in case, keep them around and look at them in 5-10 years. Let's hope and pray that I'm wrong on all accounts. If so, I will be very pleased. "
http://wn.com/Ron_Paul_Predictions_in_Due_Time_Original
Explosive Demolition- 2002 Best Building Implosions
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:24
- Published: 29 May 2009
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
Video from Jan 2003 Int'l Society of Explosive Engineers (ISEE) conference in Las Vegas. It is one of four such "year end highlight videos" produced by Protec/Implosionworld for the annual conference between 1999 & 2003. Approximately 70 implosions from 2002 are seen through our photographer's unique persective... which sometimes involved losing a few cameras. Unfortunately the ISEE eventually alienated the structural blasting component of the society, so these highlight videos were discontinued. Implosionworld's footage is now mostly seen on Discovery Channel and Nat Geo documentaries, etc. NOTE: 9/11 conspiracy folks & politicos save your time, this is not your forum. All 'truther' comments will be removed & accts blocked. Just enjoy the video.... . .
http://wn.com/Explosive_Demolition_2002_Best_Building_Implosions
Majstri sveta 2002
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:10
- Published: 13 Apr 2009
- Updated: 13 Sep 2012
MS 2002
http://wn.com/Majstri_sveta_2002
2002 NBA All-Star Game
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:58
- Published: 16 Jan 2008
- Updated: 20 Sep 2012
2002 NBA All-Star Game
http://wn.com/2002_NBA_All-Star_Game
Faithless - Insomnia - Live at Glastonbury 2002
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:00
- Published: 19 Feb 2007
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
Faithless performing Insomnia as the sun sets over the Pyramid stage at Glastonbury 2002... wish i'd been there.
http://wn.com/Faithless_Insomnia_Live_at_Glastonbury_2002
Frida
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 122:52
- Published: 16 Dec 2011
- Updated: 19 Sep 2012
Nominated for six 2002 Academy Awards(R), including Salma Hayek for Best Actress, FRIDA is the triumphant motion picture about an exceptional woman who lived an unforgettable life! A product of humble beginnings, Frida Kahlo (Hayek) earns fame as a talented artist with a unique vision. And from her enduring relationship with her mentor and husband, Diego Rivera (Alfred Molina SPIDERMAN 2), to her scandalous affairs, Frida's uncompromising personality would inspire her greatest creations!
http://wn.com/Frida
Irreversible (2002) - Official Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:32
- Published: 12 Feb 2011
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
Distrubing...brutal..immoral..hard to watch..provocative...genius? This movie is one of the most debated films in the last 10 years, a one that questions why we watch films? And what can we take from them? "Irreversible" follows events over the course of one traumatic night in Paris unfold in reverse-chronological order as the beautiful Alex is brutally raped and beaten by a stranger in the underpass. Her boyfriend and ex-lover take matters into their own hands by hiring two criminals to help them find the rapist so that they can exact revenge. A simultaneously beautiful and terrible examination of the destructive nature of cause and effect, and how time destroys everything. Released on 2002 Directed by: Gaspar Noé Starring: Monica Bellucci, Vincent Cassel, Albert Dupontel, Jo Prestia
http://wn.com/Irreversible_2002_Official_Trailer
"Spider-Man" (2002) Theatrical Trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:29
- Published: 06 Feb 2009
- Updated: 29 Sep 2012
"Spider-Man" is a 2002 Action Adventure film directed by Sam Raimi. Starring Tobey Maguire, Kirsten Dunst, Willem Dafoe, James Franco, Rosemary Harris, Cliff Robertson, JK Simmons and Elizabeth Banks. When Midtown High geek Peter Parker is bitten by a genetically enhanced Spider, he aqcuires Spider-like powers of strength, agility, wall crawling and web spinning. After failing to stop the burglar who would then murder his Uncle, Peter becomes Spider-Man...defending New York city from crime, constantly protecting his true love Mary Jane Watson and doing battle with the malicious Green Goblin.
http://wn.com/Spider-Man_2002_Theatrical_Trailer
Avril Lavigne - Mobile (Official Unreleased Music Video 2002)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:33
- Published: 05 Jan 2011
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
Unreleased music video for Avril's song Mobile, from her debut album Let Go
http://wn.com/Avril_Lavigne_Mobile_Official_Unreleased_Music_Video_2002
HHH return in 2002
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:48
- Published: 25 Oct 2007
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
*All footage courtesy of World Wrestling Entertainment, Inc. No copyright infringement is intended.* the return of Triple H in 2002
http://wn.com/HHH_return_in_2002
Arsenal FA cup victory 2002 v Chelsea
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:13
- Published: 06 May 2007
- Updated: 29 Sep 2012
The Gunners take the cup!
http://wn.com/Arsenal_FA_cup_victory_2002_v_Chelsea
Shottas (2002) NL-Subs FULL MOVIE 1PT
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 95:11
- Published: 06 Mar 2012
- Updated: 01 Oct 2012
Friendship, Loyalty & Greed. Shottas SoundTrack / Track List: Damian Marley - Welcome to Jamrock @ 0:01:20 - 0:02:57 Barry Brown - Far East @ 0:03:18 - 0:04:15 Nitty Gritty - Trial and Crosses Little John - In the Ghetto @ 0:011:43 - 0:12:00 Bob Marley - Coming in from the Cold @ 0:15:35 - 0:16:43 Bounty Killer - Dead This Time @ 0:16:54 - 0:17:36 Hawkeye - Bad Long Time @ 0:19:22 - 0:22:17 Spragga Benz - Backshot @ 0:24:16 - 0:26:14 Damian Marley - Catch a Fire Pan Head - Gun Man Tune Big Yard Allstars - Gansta Story Tonto Irie - It A Ring @ 0:43:47 - 0:44:58 Kymani Marley - Fire Junior Cat - Would A Let You Go @ 0:53:36 - 0:54:58 Pinchers - Bandelero @ 0:54:59 - 0:57:42 John Wayne - Call the police @ 1:01:00 - 1:02:10 Nicky Seizure - Quench The Fire @ 0:49:50 - 0:53:35 Kymani Marley - I Believe @ 1:10:53 - 1:11:40 Ky-Enie - Rain @ 1:16:39 - 1:20:12 Inner Circle - Discipline Child Nicky Seizure - Revelation Time Kymani Marley - The March
http://wn.com/Shottas_2002_NL-Subs_FULL_MOVIE_1PT
Emmy's 2002 openning skit
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:23
- Published: 12 Oct 2006
- Updated: 27 Sep 2012
Emmy's 2002 openning skit with Conan O'Brien, Jennifer Aniston and Brad Pitt.
http://wn.com/Emmy's_2002_openning_skit
Eminem - Without Me (MTV Movie Awards 2002)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:23
- Published: 28 Mar 2011
- Updated: 30 Sep 2012
Creative Commons / JJ Georges
AP / Santiago Lyon
Creative Commons / Jober14
Creative Commons / Alfred Dengan
Creative Commons / Rijksoverheid.nl
Creative Commons / Havang![A football stadium in Bamako. The most popular sport in Mali is football (soccer),[69][70] which became more prominent after Mali hosted the 2002 African Cup of Nations.](http://web.archive.org./web/20121001011555im_/http://cdn1.wn.com/pd/78/9c/9c4f4fad93514b3c2473d4479b85_small.jpg "A football stadium in Bamako. The most popular sport in Mali is football (soccer),[69][70] which became more prominent after Mali hosted the 2002 African Cup of Nations.")
Creative Commons / Matthew Julson (ZeekLTK)
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Public Domain / JHH755
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Creative Commons / http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Michigan_Firehouse_Museum_PICT0035.jpg
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NASA / Ras67
Creative Commons / Aresceo
AP / Petros Giannakouris
Creative Commons / NMAguide![The most common model of vehicle in the world, the Flying Pigeon bicycle. There are over 1 billion bicycles in use worldwide.[22] According to 2002 estimates, there are around 590 million cars in service in the world and 205 million motorcycles.](http://web.archive.org./web/20121001011555im_/http://cdn5.wn.com/pd/07/0c/85eed8dcff38c2f8078548396970_small.jpg "The most common model of vehicle in the world, the Flying Pigeon bicycle. There are over 1 billion bicycles in use worldwide.[22] According to 2002 estimates, there are around 590 million cars in service in the world and 205 million motorcycles.")
Creative Commons / Dennis Bratland
AP / Toussaint Kluiters
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Creative Commons
US DoD / Glenn Fawcett
US DoD / Glenn Fawcett
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US DoD / Glenn Fawcett
Public Domain / Estormiz
Public Domain / Estormiz
AP / Vincent Jannink
US Army
Public Domain / U.S. Navy photo by Photographer's Mate 1st Class Arlo K. Abrahamson.
![A football stadium in Bamako. The most popular sport in Mali is football (soccer),[69][70] which became more prominent after Mali hosted the 2002 African Cup of Nations.](http://web.archive.org./web/20121001011555/http://cdn5.wn.com/pd/78/9c/9c4f4fad93514b3c2473d4479b85_medium.jpg "A football stadium in Bamako. The most popular sport in Mali is football (soccer),[69][70] which became more prominent after Mali hosted the 2002 African Cup of Nations.")
![The most common model of vehicle in the world, the Flying Pigeon bicycle. There are over 1 billion bicycles in use worldwide.[22] According to 2002 estimates, there are around 590 million cars in service in the world and 205 million motorcycles.](http://web.archive.org./web/20121001011555/http://cdn9.wn.com/pd/07/0c/85eed8dcff38c2f8078548396970_medium.jpg "The most common model of vehicle in the world, the Flying Pigeon bicycle. There are over 1 billion bicycles in use worldwide.[22] According to 2002 estimates, there are around 590 million cars in service in the world and 205 million motorcycles.")
Photo: AP / Chris Pizzello
28 Sep 2012
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Islamist militants in Somalia say they have withdrawn from their southern stronghold of Kismayo, following an African Union military attack. Kenyan and Somali forces launched a beach assault on...
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The financial and banking industries are on high alert tonight as a massive cyberattack continues, with potentially millions of customers of Bank of America, PNC and Wells Fargo finding themselves...
Photo: AP / Richard Drew
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The US president and the Israeli PM have expressed agreement on the goal of preventing Iran from acquiring a nuclear weapon, the White House said. Barack Obama and Binyamin Netanyahu sought on Friday...
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2002 Buckeyes still in the NFL
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New Delhi: In a fresh attack on the United Progressive Alliance (UPA) government, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) on Thursday released a letter in which Prime Minister Manmohan Singh had in 2002 opposed foreign direct investment (FDI) in retail. The letter was written by Singh in 2002 to the...(size: 5.6Kb)
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This article is about the year 2002. For other uses, see 2002 (disambiguation).
| 2002 : January · February · March · April · May · June · July · August · September · October · November · December |
| Millennium: | 3rd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 20th century – 21st century – 22nd century |
| Decades: | 1970s 1980s 1990s – 2000s – 2010s 2020s 2030s |
| Years: | 1999 2000 2001 – 2002 – 2003 2004 2005 |
| Gregorian calendar | 2002 MMII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2755 |
| Armenian calendar | 1451 ԹՎ ՌՆԾԱ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6752 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 158–159 |
| Bengali calendar | 1409 |
| Berber calendar | 2952 |
| British Regnal year | 50 Eliz. 2 – 51 Eliz. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2546 |
| Burmese calendar | 1364 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7510–7511 |
| Chinese calendar | 辛巳年十一月十八日 (4638/4698-11-18) — to —
壬午年十一月廿八日(4639/4699-11-28) |
| Coptic calendar | 1718–1719 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1994–1995 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5762–5763 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 2058–2059 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1924–1925 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5103–5104 |
| Holocene calendar | 12002 |
| Iranian calendar | 1380–1381 |
| Islamic calendar | 1422–1423 |
| Japanese calendar | Heisei 14 (平成14年) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 13 days |
| Korean calendar | 4335 |
| Minguo calendar | ROC 91 民國91年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2545 |
| Unix time | 1009843200–1041379199 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 2002 |
2002 (MMII) was a common year that started on a Tuesday. In the Gregorian calendar, it was the 2002nd year of Anno Domini, the 2nd year of the 3rd millennium and of the 21st century, and the 3rd of the 2000s decade. 2002 was a palindrome year. By coincidence, the last palindrome year (1991) was also a common year starting on Tuesday. The next time this will happen is between 5995 and 6006.
The year 2002 is designated the:
- International Year of Ecotourism and Mountains
- Year of the Outback in Australia
- National Science Year in the United Kingdom
- Autism Awareness Year in the United Kingdom
Events[link]
January[link]
- January 1
- The Open Skies mutual surveillance treaty, initially signed in 1992, officially enters into force.
- Euro notes and coins are introduced in France, Spain, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Greece, Finland, Luxembourg, Belgium, Austria, Ireland and the Netherlands.
- January 8 – The No Child Left Behind Act is signed into law by U.S. President George W. Bush.
- January 9 The United States Department of Justice announces it will pursue a criminal investigation of Enron.
- January 10 – Enrique Bolaños begins his 5-year term as President of the Republic of Nicaragua.
- January 14 – The asylum case of Adelaide Abankwah is heard in New York.
- January 16 – The UN Security Council unanimously establishes an arms embargo and freezes the assets of Osama bin Laden, Al-Qaeda, and the Taliban.
- January 17 – The eruption of Mount Nyiragongo in the Democratic Republic of the Congo displaces an estimated 400,000 people.
- January 23 – Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl is kidnapped in Pakistan, accused of being a CIA agent by his captors.
- January 27 – Several explosions at a military dump in Lagos, Nigeria kill more than 1,000.Confirmation needed
- January 31 – A large section of the Antarctic Larsen Ice Shelf begins disintegrating, consuming about 3,250 km (2,020 mi) over 35 days.
February[link]
- February 1 – Kidnapped Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl is murdered in Karachi, Pakistan.
- February 3 – Costa Rica holds presidential and congressional elections.
- February 6 - King George VI's 50th Anniversary of his Death in 1952
- February 8–February 24 – The 2002 Winter Olympics are held in Salt Lake City, Utah.
- February 9 - Elizabeth II's sister Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon dies in her sleep aged 71 after suffering a major stroke.
- February 12
- The trial of former Yugoslav President Slobodan Milošević begins at the United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague.
- The U.S. Secretary of Energy makes the decision that Yucca Mountain is suitable to be the United States' nuclear repository.
- February 13 – Elizabeth II gives former New York City mayor Rudolph Giuliani an honorary knighthood.
- February 15 - The funeral of Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon takes place on the 50th anniversary of her father's funeral.
- February 19 – NASA's Mars Odyssey space probe begins to map the surface of Mars using its thermal emission imaging system.
- February 20 – In Reqa Al-Gharbiya, Egypt, a fire on a train injures over 65 and kills at least 370.
- February 22
- Robert William Pickton; the most prolific serial killer in Canadian history is arrested and charged with the first two (of twenty-seven) counts of first-degree murder.
- Angolan political and rebel leader Jonas Savimbi is killed in a military ambush.
- A Spanish-facilitated ceasefire begins in Sri Lanka.
- February 23 – FARC kidnaps Íngrid Betancourt in Colombia while she campaigns for the presidency.
- February 27 – A series of riots leaves hundreds dead, after 59 Hindu pilgrims die aboard a train burned by a Muslim mob in Godhra, India.
- February 28
- The ex-currencies of all euro-using nations cease to be legal tender in the European Union.
- Gujarat communal riots begin, wherein the Gulbarg Society massacre takes place in Ahmedabad, in which 69 people were burnt alive or killed.
March[link]
- March 1
- U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: In eastern Afghanistan, Operation Anaconda begins.
- Continuing violence in Ahmedabad, India kills 28; police shoot and kill 5 rioters.
- The Envisat environmental satellite successfully reaches an orbit 800 km above the Earth using an Ariane 5 on its 11th launch, carrying the heaviest payload to date at 8,500 kg.
- STS-109: Space Shuttle Columbia flies the Hubble Space Telescope service mission, its last before STS-107.
- March 3 – São Tomé and Príncipe hold legislative elections.
- March 4 – Ansett Australia, one of the oldest airlines in the world and the second largest in Australia, ceases operation after collapsing financially. This event also marks the largest job loss in Australian history.
- March 6 – France agrees to return the remains of Saartjie Baartman to South Africa.
- March 12 – In Houston, Texas, Andrea Yates is found guilty of drowning her 5 children on June 20, 2001. She is later sentenced to life in prison.
- March 14
- 125 vehicles are involved in a massive pile up on Interstate 75 in Ringgold, Georgia.
- Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Parliament established.
- March 17
- Portugal holds parliamentary elections.
- In Islamabad, Pakistan, the International Protestant Church attack occurs.
- March 19 – US war in Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda ends (started on March 1) after killing 500 Taliban and al Qaeda fighters, with 11 allied troop fatalities.
- March 21 – In Pakistan, Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and 3 others are charged with the kidnapping and killing of Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl.
- March 24 – The 74th Academy Awards, hosted by Whoopi Goldberg, are held at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood, California with the film A Beautiful Mind winning Best Picture.
- March 27 – A Palestinian suicide bomber kills 30 Israeli civilians and injures 140 others at the Park Hotel in Netanya, triggering Operation Defensive Shield, a large-scale counter-terrorist Israeli military incursion into the West Bank, two days later.
April[link]
- April 2 – Israeli forces besiege the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem, when militants take shelter there.
- April 9 – The funeral of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother takes place in Westminster Abbey, London.
- April 11 – April 14 – A military coup d'état against the leftist Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez fails.
- April 15 – An Air China Boeing 767-200 crashes into a hillside during heavy rain and fog near Busan, South Korea, killing 128.
- April 17 – Four Canadian infantrymen are killed in Afghanistan by friendly fire from 2 US F-16s.
- April 18 – The discovery of a new insect order, Mantophasmatodea, is announced.
- April 21 – French presidential election, 2002: The first round results in a runoff between Jacques Chirac and the leader of the main French far-right party, Jean-Marie Le Pen.
- April 22 – At a special session of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, Director-General Jose Bustani is fired.
- April 25 – Soyuz TM-34: South African Mark Shuttleworth blasts off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome; he had paid £15 million for the trip.
- April 27 – The Laughlin, Nevada River Run Riot kills 3.
May[link]
- May 5 – In the second round of the French presidential election Jacques Chirac is reelected.
- May 6 – In the Netherlands, politician Pim Fortuyn is assassinated.
- May 9 – A 38-day stand-off in the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem ends, when the Palestinians inside agree to have 13 suspected militants among them deported to several different countries.
- In Kaspiysk, Russia, a remote-control bomb explodes during a holiday parade, killing 43 and injuring at least 130.
- May 8 – Feyenoord Rotterdam wins the UEFA Final Cup with 3-2 from Borussia Dortmund.
- May 10 – FBI agent Robert Hanssen is sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole for selling American secrets to Moscow for $1.4 million in cash and diamonds.
- May 12
- Former U.S. President Jimmy Carter arrives in Cuba for a 5-day visit with Fidel Castro, becoming the first U.S. President, in or out of office, to visit the island since Castro's 1959 revolution.
- The Russian Shuttle Buran is destroyed in the Buran hangar collapse, killing 8 workers.
- May 17 – In Ireland, The Fianna Fáil-Progressive Democrats coalition is re-elected. It is the first government to be re-elected since 1969.
- May 20 – East Timor regains its independence.
- May 21 – The US State Department releases a report naming 7 state sponsors of terrorism: Iran, Iraq, Cuba, Libya, North Korea, Sudan, and Syria.
- May 22 – 16th Street Baptist Church bombing: A jury in Birmingham, Alabama, convicts former Ku Klux Klan member Bobby Frank Cherry of the 1963 murders of 4 girls.
- May 25
- Estonia hosts the first Eurovision Song Contest in a former Soviet republic.
- China Airlines Flight 611 disintegrates near the Penghu Islands at Taiwan Strait, killing all 225 people on board.
- May 26
- The Mars Odyssey finds signs of large water ice deposits on the planet Mars.
- A barge collides with the Interstate 40 bridge across the Arkansas River in eastern Oklahoma, killing 14.
- May 31 – June 30 – the 2002 FIFA World Cup is held in South Korea and Japan
June[link]
- June 3 – The "Party in the Palace" takes place at Buckingham Palace, London, for Elizabeth II's Golden Jubilee celebrations.
- June 4 – The planetoid Quaoar is discovered orbiting the Sun in the Kuiper belt.
- June 5 – Fourteen-year-old Elizabeth Smart is kidnapped from her bedroom at knifepoint.
- June 6 – Eastern Mediterranean Event: An object with an estimated diameter of 10 meters collides with Earth, over the Mediterranean Sea, and detonates in mid-air.
- June 8 – Serena Williams defeats her sister Venus Williams in straight sets to win the 2002 French Open.
- June 10
- An annular solar eclipse occurs.
- The first direct electronic communication experiment between the nervous systems of 2 humans, is carried out by Kevin Warwick in the United Kingdom.
- June 11 – Antonio Meucci is recognized as the first inventor of the telephone by the United States Congress.
- June 14 – In Karachi, Pakistan, a car bomb in front of the U.S. Consulate kills 12 Pakistanis and injures 50.
- June 15 – Near Earth Asteroid 2002 MN misses the planet by 75,000 miles (121,000 km), about 1/3 the distance to the moon.
- June 24 – The Igandu train disaster in Dodoma Region, Tanzania, kills 281 people in the worst rail accident in African history.
- June 30 – Brazil wins its fifth FIFA World Cup, defeating Germany in the final.
July[link]
- July 1
- The International Criminal Court is established to prosecute individuals for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. Crimes committed on or after this date may be prosecuted by the court.
- A Russian passenger jet and a cargo plane collide over the town of Überlingen, Germany; 72 are killed (see Bashkirian Airlines Flight 2937).
- July 9 – The Organization of African Unity is disbanded and replaced by the African Union.
- July 10
- At a Sotheby's auction, Peter Paul Rubens' painting "The Massacre of the Innocents" (first version) is sold for £49.5million (US$76.2 million) to Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet.
- A helicopter crash in Cyprus kills the head of the Cyprus National Guard, Lt. General Evangelos Florakis.
- July 14 – During Bastille Day celebrations, Jacques Chirac escapes an assassination attempt.
- July 15 – In Washington, D.C., "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh pleads guilty to aiding the enemy and possession of explosives during the commission of a felony; Lindh agrees to serve 10 years in prison for each charge.
- July 19 – Hail kills 25 and injures hundreds in the Chinese province of Henan.
- July 21 – Telecommunications giant WorldCom files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection (the largest such filing in United States history).
- July 27
- A Sukhoi Su-27 fighter crashes at an air show in Ukraine, killing 77 and injuring more than 100, making it the worst air show disaster in history (see Sknyliv airshow disaster).
- Helen Clark, leader of the New Zealand Labour Party, is re-elected in a landslide victory.
August[link]
- August – The 2002 European floods ravage Central Europe.
- August 14 – DPC Enterprises Chlorine Release, Festus, Missouri (USA) [1]
September[link]
- September 2 – The United Nations World Summit on Sustainable Development, successor of the 1972 Conference on the Human Environment, 1983 World Commission on Environment and Development, and the 1992 Conference on Environment and Development, opens.
- September 5 – A car bomb kills at least 30 people in Afghanistan, and an apparent assassination attempt on Afghan President Hamid Karzai fails the same day.
- September 9 – Judit Polgar beats Garry Kasparov at a game of speed chess.
- September 10 – Switzerland joins the United Nations.
- September 11 – The World Summit on Sustainable Development comes to a close.
- September 15 – The Swedish parliamentary election, 2002 leaves Prime Minister Göran Persson and the Social Democrats in power.
- September 19 – Civil war starts in Côte d'Ivoire.
- September 20 – The Kolka-Karmadon rock ice slide occurs.
- September 22 – The German federal election leaves Chancellor Gerhard Schröder, his Social Democrats and the Greens in power.
- September 25 – The Vitim event, a possible bolide impact, occurs in Siberia, Russia.
- September 26 – The Senegalese passenger ferry Joola capsizes in a storm off the coast of Gambia; 1,863 are killed.
October[link]
- October 2
- The Congress of the United States passes a joint resolution, which authorizes the President to use the United States Armed Forces as he deems necessary and appropriate, against Iraq.
- The Beltway sniper attacks begin with 5 shootings in Montgomery County, Maryland.
- October 7 – The discovery of Quaoar is announced.
- October 9 – The Dot-com bubble bear market reaches bottom, when the Dow Jones Industrial Average slips below 7,200.
- October 11 – Myyrmanni bombing: A lone bomber explodes a home-made bomb in the Myyrmanni shopping mall north of Helsinki, Finland; the casualties include himself.
- October 12 – Terrorists detonate bombs in 2 nightclubs in Kuta, Bali, killing 202 and injuring over 300.
- October 16 – Iraq War Resolution is authorized by a majority of the U.S. Congress.
- October 21 – 9 of 13 DNS root servers are disabled in a DDoS attack.
- October 22 – 25 – Chechen rebels take control of the theatre Nord-Ost in Moscow and hold the audience hostage.
- October 24 – The Beltway snipers, John Allen Muhammad and Lee Boyd Malvo, are arrested.
- October 25 – U.S. Senator Paul Wellstone, his family, and his staff are killed in a plane accident at Eveleth, Minnesota.
- October 27 – Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is elected President of Brazil.
November[link]
- November 5 – The U.S. Republican Party maintains control of the House of Representatives and gains control of the United States Senate.
- November 6 – The U.S. Federal Reserve System drops its primary discount rate by 50 basis points to 0.75%, putting the real interest rate solidly below the inflation rate.
- November 7 – Iran bans the advertising of United States products.
- November 8 – Iraq disarmament crisis: The United Nations Security Council unanimously approves UN Security Council Resolution 1441, forcing Saddam Hussein to disarm or face "serious consequences".
- November 13
- Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq agrees to the terms of UN Security Council Resolution 1441.
- The oil tanker Prestige sinks off the Galician coast, causing a huge oil spill.
- November 14 – Argentina defaults on a US $805 million World Bank loan payment.
- November 15 – Hu Jintao becomes General Secretary of the Communist Party of China.
- November 16 – A Campaign against Climate Change march takes place in London from Lincoln's Inn Fields, past Esso offices to the United States Embassy.
- November 18 – Iraq disarmament crisis: United Nations weapons inspectors led by Hans Blix arrive in Iraq.
- November 21 – At the NATO Summit in Prague, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia are invited to join the organization.
- November 22 – In Nigeria, more than 100 are killed at an attack aimed at the Miss World contestants.
- November 25 – U.S. President George W. Bush signs the Homeland Security Act into law, establishing the Department of Homeland Security, in the largest U.S. government reorganization since the creation of the Department of Defense in 1947.
- November 26 – Legislation by the European Court of Human Rights and Law Lords, ruling in favour of convicted murderer Anthony Anderson, ends the right of the Home Secretary to set minimum terms for convicted murderers.
December[link]
- December 7 – As required by the recently passed U.N. resolution, Iraq files a 12,000 page weapons declaration with the U.N. Security Council.
- December 9 – United Airlines, the second largest airline in the world, files for bankruptcy.
- December 10 – The High Court of Australia hands down its judgement in the Internet defamation dispute in the case of Gutnick v Dow Jones.
- December 12 – Hans Enoksen is elected Prime Minister of Greenland.
- December 27 – A suicide truck-bomb attack destroys the headquarters of Chechnya's Moscow-backed government, killing 72.
- December 29 – The Communist New People's Army blows up a bust of Ferdinand Marcos in Benguet, Philippines.
- December 30 – An eruption on the volcanic island Stromboli off the coast of Sicily causes a flank failure and tsunami. The island is later evacuated.
Date unknown[link]
- Population Division of the United Nations calculate that 40 million people around the world are infected with HIV.
Births[link]
- February 5 – Davis Cleveland, American child actor
- July 22 – Prince Felix of Denmark, Prince of Denmark
- October 6 – Cleopatra Stratan, Moldovan child singer
Deaths[link]
Main article: Deaths in 2002
January[link]
- January 3 – Freddy Heineken, Dutch-born beer magnate (b. 1923)
- January 8
- Alexander Prokhorov, Russian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1916)
- Dave Thomas, American fast food entrepreneur (Wendy's) (b. 1932)
- January 12
- Stanley Unwin, South African comedian (b. 1911)
- Cyrus Vance, American politician, 59th United States Secretary of State (b. 1917)
- January 15 – Eugène Brands, Dutch painter (b. 1913)
- January 16
- Michael Anthony Bilandic, Mayor of Chicago (b. 1923)
- Bobo Olson, American boxer (b. 1928)
- January 17
- Queenie Leonard, British singer and actress (b. 1905)
- Camilo José Cela, Spanish writer (b. 1916)
- January 22
- January 23
- Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist (b. 1930)
- Robert Nozick, American philosopher (b. 1938)
- January 28 – Astrid Lindgren, Swedish children's book author (b. 1907)
February[link]
- February 6 – Max Perutz, Austrian-born molecular biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1914)
- February 8
- Joachim Hoffmann, German historian (b. 1930)
- Thomaz Soares da Silva, Brazilian football player (b. 1921)
- February 9 – Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon (b. 1930)
- February 10 – Traudl Junge, German private secretary of Adolf Hitler (b. 1920)
- February 12 – John Eriksen, Danish football player (b. 1957)
- February 13 – Waylon Jennings, American country music singer (b. 1937)
- February 14 – Nándor Hidegkuti, Hungarian footballer (b. 1922)
- February 15
- Howard K. Smith, American television journalist (ABC News) (b. 1914)
- Kevin Smith, New Zealand actor (b. 1963)
- February 16 – Walter Winterbottom, English football manager (b. 1913)
- February 19 – Virginia Hamilton, American writer (b. 1936)
- February 22
- Chuck Jones, American animator (b. 1912)
- Jonas Savimbi, Angolan rebel and political leader (b. 1934)
- February 24 – Leo Ornstein, American composer and pianist (b. 1892)
- February 27 – Spike Milligan, British comedian, writer, and poet (b. 1918)
- February 28 – Helmut Zacharias, German violinist (b. 1920)
March[link]
- March 11 – James Tobin, American economist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
- March 12 – Spyros Kyprianou, former President of Cyprus (b. 1932)
- March 20 – Ibn Al-Khattab, Saudi guerilla (b. 1969)
- March 24 – César Milstein, Argentine scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1927)
- March 27
- Milton Berle, American comedian and actor (b. 1908)
- Dudley Moore, British pianist, comedian, and actor (b. 1935)
- Billy Wilder, Polish-American film screenwriter and director (b. 1906)
- March 29 – Rico Yan, Filipino Actor (b. 1975)
- March 30 – Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother (née Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon), queen consort of George VI and mother of Elizabeth II (b. 1900)
April[link]
- April 5 – Layne Staley, American singer (b. 1967)
- April 8 – María Félix, Mexican actress (b. 1914)
- April 9 – Leopold Vietoris, Austrian mathematician (b. 1891)
- April 15 – Byron White, American athlete and Supreme Court Justice (b. 1917)
- April 16
- Franz Krienbühl, Swiss speed skater (b. 1929)
- Robert Urich, American actor (b. 1946)
- April 18
- Thor Heyerdahl, Norwegian explorer (b. 1914)
- Wahoo McDaniel, American football player and professional wrestler (b. 1938)
- April 22 – Linda Lovelace, American pornographic actress (b. 1949)
- April 25 – Lisa Lopes, American rapper; one-third of the multi-platinum girl group TLC (b. 1971)
- April 27
- George Alec Effinger, American author (b. 1947)
- Baron Hans Heinrich Thyssen-Bornemisza, Swiss industrialist and art collector (b. 1921)
- Ruth Handler, American toy manufacturer (b. 1916)
- April 28 – Lou Thesz, American professional wrestler (b. 1916)
May[link]
- May 5 – Hugo Banzer, Bolivian politician, 62nd and 75th President of Bolivia (b. 1926)
- May 6 – Pim Fortuyn, Dutch politician and professor (b. 1948)
- May 11 – Joseph Bonanno, Italian-born gangster (b. 1905)
- May 13 – Valeri Lobanovsky, Ukrainian football manager (b. 1939)
- May 18 – Davey Boy Smith, British professional wrestler (b. 1962)
- May 19 – John Gorton, Australian politician, 19th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1911)
- May 20 – Stephen Jay Gould, American paleontologist and author (b. 1941)
- May 21 – Niki de Saint Phalle, French artist (b. 1930)
- May 23 – Sam Snead, American golfer (b. 1912)
- May 26 – Mamo Wolde, Ethiopian runner (b. 1932)
- May 28 – Jean Berger, German-American composer (b. 1909)
June[link]
- June 2 – Hansie Cronje, South African cricketer and captain of the South African national cricket team in the 1990s.(b. 1969)
- June 4 – Fernando Belaúnde Terry, Peruvian politician, 85th and 88th President of Peru (b. 1912)
- June 5 – Dee Dee Ramone, American bassist (b. 1951)
- June 6 – Hans Janmaat, Dutch politician (b. 1934)
- June 7 – Lilian, Princess of Réthy, Belgian princess (b. 1916)
- June 10 – John Gotti, American gangster (b. 1940)
- June 17 – Fritz Walter, German footballer (b. 1920)
- June 24 – Pierre Werner, Luxembourgian politician, 19th and 21st Prime Minister of Luxembourg (b. 1913)
- June 26 – Arnold Brown, English General of The Salvation Army (b. 1913)
- June 27 – John Entwistle, English bassist (b. 1944)
- June 29 – Rosemary Clooney, American singer and actress (b. 1928)
- June 30 – Chico Xavier, Brazilian medium (b. 1910)
July[link]
- July 5
- Benjamin O. Davis Jr., American general (b. 1912)
- Katy Jurado, Mexican actress (b. 1924)
- Ted Williams, American baseball player (b. 1918)
- July 6
- Dhirubhai Ambani, Indian businessman (b. 1932)
- John Frankenheimer, American film director (b. 1930)
- Abdul Qadir, Vice president of Afghanistan (b. 1951)
- July 9
- Mayo Kaan, bodybuilder (b. 1914)
- Rod Steiger, American actor (b. 1925)
- July 10 – Evangelos Florakis, Greek military officer (b. 1943)
- July 13 – Yousuf Karsh, Turkish-born photographer (b. 1908)
- July 14 – Joaquín Balaguer, Dominican politician, 41st, 45th and 49th President of the Dominican Republic (b. 1906)
- July 16 – John Cocke, American computer scientist (b. 1925)
- July 17 – Joseph Luns, Dutch politician and diplomat, 5th Secretary General of NATO (b. 1911)
- July 19 – Alan Lomax, American folklorist and musicologist (b. 1915)
- July 21 - Antti Koivumäki, Finnish poet and keyboardist (Aavikko) (b. 1976)
- July 23 – Chaim Potok, American author and rabbi (b. 1929)
- July 25 – Abdur Rahman Badawi, Egyptian philosopher (b. 1917)
- July 28 – Archer John Porter Martin, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1910)
August[link]
- August 4 – Carmen Silvera, British actress (b. 1922)
- August 5
- Chick Hearn, American SportsCaster (b. 1916)
- Franco Lucentini, Italian writer (b. 1920)
- August 6 – Edsger W. Dijkstra, Dutch computer scientist (b. 1930)
- August 11 – Galen Rowell, American photographer, writer, and climber (b. 1940)
- August 14 – Dave Williams, American singer (b. 1972)
- August 16 – Abu Nidal, Paleiostinian militant (b. 1937)
- August 31
- Lionel Hampton, American musician (b. 1908)
- George Porter, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1920)
September[link]
- September 11 – Kim Hunter, American actress (b. 1922)
- September 18 – Bob Hayes, American athlete (b. 1942)
- September 19
- Robert Guéï, Ivorian military ruler (b. 1941)
- Duncan Hallas, prominent member of the Trotskyist movement in Great Britain (b. 1925)
- September 21 – Robert Lull Forward, American author and physicist (b. 1932)
- September 22 – James Miller, known as the 'Fan Man' (b. 1963)
October[link]
- October 6 – Claus van Amsberg, German born Prince Consort of the Netherlands (b. 1926)
- October 9
- Sopubek Begaliev, Soviet-era economist and politician (b. 1931)
- Aileen Wuornos, American serial killer (b. 1956)
- October 12 – Ray Conniff, American musician and bandleader (b. 1916)
- October 13 – Stephen Ambrose, American historian and biographer (b. 1936)
- October 18 – Nikolai Rukavishnikov, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1932)
- October 25 – Richard Harris, Irish actor (b. 1930)
- October 30 – Jam-Master Jay, American Hip-Hop DJ (b. 1965)
November[link]
- November 2 – Charles Sheffield, English author and physicist (b. 1935)
- November 9 – Merlin Santana, American actor (b. 1976)
- November 12 – Károly Doncsecz, Slovenian potter (b. 1918)
- November 15 – Myra Hindley, English murderer (b. 1942)
- November 17 – Abba Eban, Israeli politician and diplomat, 3rd Minister of Foreign Affairs (b. 1915)
- November 18 – James Coburn, American actor (b. 1928)
- November 19 – Max Reinhardt, British publisher (b. 1915)
- November 22 – Parley Baer, American actor (b. 1914)
- November 24 – John Rawls, American political theorist (b. 1921)
December[link]
- December 3 – Glenn Quinn, Irish actor (b. 1970)
- December 5 – Ne Win, Burmese military commander (b. 1911)
- December 18 – Ray Hnatyshyn, Governor General of Canada (b. 1934)
- December 22
- Desmond Hoyte, Guyanese politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Guyana and 4th President of Guyana (b. 1929)
- Joe Strummer, British musician (b. 1952)
Nobel Prizes[link]
- Peace – Jimmy Carter
- Literature – Imre Kertész
- Chemistry – John B. Fenn and Koichi Tanaka, Kurt Wüthrich
- Physics – Raymond Davis Jr. and Masatoshi Koshiba, Riccardo Giacconi
- Physiology or Medicine – Sydney Brenner, H. Robert Horvitz, and John E. Sulston
- Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel – Daniel Kahneman and Vernon L. Smith
Fields Medalists[link]
In fiction[link]
Main article: Works of fiction set in 2002
- The events of First Among Sequels by Jasper Fforde take place in an alternate-reality 2002
- In the comic book series Y: The Last Man, on July 12, 2002 a mysterious plague kills all living creatures with a Y chromosome on the planet.
- The West Wing: On November 5, Democratic President Josiah Bartlet of New Hampshire defeats Republican Governor Robert Ritchie of Florida in his reelection bid following the 2002 US presidential election.
- The events of Resident Evil: Dead Aim take place on September 23.
References[link]
External links[link]
- 2002 Year-End Google Zeitgeist – Google's Yearly List of Major Events and Top Searches for 2002
- Top Stories of 2002 - CNN
- Year in Review - Netscape
http://wn.com/2002
Related pages:
http://de.wn.com/2002
http://es.wn.com/2002
http://ru.wn.com/2002 год
http://cs.wn.com/2002
http://pt.wn.com/2002
http://pl.wn.com/2002
http://hi.wn.com/२००२
http://it.wn.com/2002
http://id.wn.com/2002
http://nl.wn.com/2002
http://fr.wn.com/2002
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Free to Fly | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Pog-ftf.jpg | ||||
| Studio album by Point of Grace | ||||
| Released | May 1, 2001 | |||
| Recorded | 2000-2001 | |||
| Genre | Christian pop | |||
| Label | Word Records | |||
| Producer | David Tyson Brown Bannister Nathan Nockels Tom Laune Glenn Garrett Wayne Tester |
|||
| Point of Grace chronology | ||||
|
||||
| Professional ratings | |
|---|---|
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |   [1] |
Free to Fly is the seventh album and fifth studio album by Contemporary Christian group Point of Grace. It was released in 2001 by Word Records.
Contents |
Track listing[link]
- "By Heart" - 3:38
- "You Will Never Walk Alone" - 4:24
- "He Sends His Love" - 4:35
- "Praise Forevermore" - 4:33
- "Blue Skies" - 4:20
- "Begin With Me" - 3:15
- "Free Indeed" - 3:55
- "All That I Need" - 4:08
- "Something So Good" - 3:41
- "Yes, I Believe" - 4:35
- "La La La" - 4:49
Singles[link]
- "Blue Skies" - #1
- "Praise Forevermore" - #1
- "He Sends His Love" - #1
- "You Will Never Walk Alone - #1
- "Yes, I Believe" - #1
Music videos[link]
- "Begin With Me"
Singers[link]
- Shelley Breen
- Heather Payne
- Denise Jones
- Terry Jones
Notes[link]
- This was Terry's last full studio album with the group, as she would leave the group on February 29, 2004.
- This was also the last album that involved songwriter Grant Cunningham, who died in July 2002 from injuries caused by a fall in a recreational soccer match in the Nashville region. A foundation named in Cunningham's memory was titled after the Point of Grace song "Blue Skies" from this album.
- This was the last release by the group with the Word Records management team, as they would be released in January 2002 by the label's new owners.
References[link]
- ^ Free to Fly at Allmusic
 |
This Christian music album-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
http://wn.com/Free_to_Fly
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_to_Fly
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the person. For her 1985 eponymous album, see Whitney Houston (album).
| Whitney Houston | |
|---|---|
 Whitney Houston performing at Good Morning America in Central Park on September 1, 2009 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Whitney Elizabeth Houston |
| Born | (1963-08-09)August 9, 1963 Newark, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Died | February 11, 2012(2012-02-11) (aged 48) Beverly Hills, California, U.S. |
| Genres | R&B, soul, pop, dance, gospel |
| Occupations | Singer, actress, model, film producer, record producer, songwriter |
| Instruments | Vocals, piano |
| Years active | 1977–2012 |
| Labels | Arista, RCA |
| Associated acts | Cissy Houston, Dionne Warwick, Dee Dee Warwick, Aretha Franklin, Jermaine Jackson, Mariah Carey, Enrique Iglesias, Bobby Brown |
| Website |
 Whitney Houston's autograph |
Whitney Elizabeth Houston (August 9, 1963 – February 11, 2012) was an American recording artist, actress, producer, and model. In 2009, the Guinness World Records cited her as the most-awarded female act of all-time.[1] Houston was one of the world's best-selling music artists, having sold over 170 million albums, singles and videos worldwide.[2][3] She released seven studio albums and three movie soundtrack albums, all of which have diamond, multi-platinum, platinum or gold certification. Houston's crossover appeal on the popular music charts, as well as her prominence on MTV, starting with her video for "How Will I Know",[4] influenced several African American female artists to follow in her footsteps.[5][6]
Houston is the only artist to chart seven consecutive No. 1 Billboard Hot 100 hits.[7] She is the second artist behind Elton John and the only female artist to have two number-one Billboard 200 Album awards (formerly "Top Pop Album") on the Billboard magazine year-end charts.[8] Houston's 1985 debut album Whitney Houston became the best-selling debut album by a female act at the time of its release. The album was named Rolling Stone's best album of 1986, and was ranked at number 254 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time.[9] Her second studio album Whitney (1987) became the first album by a female artist to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart.[9]
Houston's first acting role was as the star of the feature film The Bodyguard (1992). The film's original soundtrack won the 1994 Grammy Award for Album of the Year. Its lead single "I Will Always Love You", became the best-selling single by a female artist in music history. With the album, Houston became the first act (solo or group, male or female) to sell more than a million copies of an album within a single week period under Nielsen SoundScan system.[9] The album makes her the top female act in the top 10 list of the best-selling albums of all time, at number four. Houston continued to star in movies and contribute to their soundtracks, including the films Waiting to Exhale (1995) and The Preacher's Wife (1996). The Preacher's Wife soundtrack became the best-selling gospel album in history.[10]
Life and career[link]
1963–1976: Early life[link]
Whitney Houston was born in what was then a middle-income neighborhood in Newark, New Jersey, the second child of Army serviceman and entertainment executive John Russell Houston, Jr. (September 13, 1920 – February 2, 2003), and gospel singer Cissy Houston (née Emily Drinkard).[11] She was of African American, Native American and Dutch descent.[12] Her mother, along with cousins Dionne Warwick and Dee Dee Warwick, godmother Darlene Love[13] and honorary aunt Aretha Franklin[14] were all notable figures in the gospel, rhythm and blues, pop, and soul genres.[15] She met her honorary aunt at age 8, or 9, when her mother took her to a recording studio.[16] Houston was raised a Baptist, but was also exposed to the Pentecostal church. After the 1967 Newark riots, the family moved to a middle-class area in East Orange, New Jersey, when she was four.[17]
At the age of 11, Houston began to follow in her mother's footsteps and started performing as a soloist in the junior gospel choir at the New Hope Baptist Church in Newark, where she also learned to play the piano.[18] Her first solo performance in the church was "Guide Me, O Thou Great Jehovah".[19] When Houston was a teenager, she attended Mount Saint Dominic Academy, a Catholic girls' high school in Caldwell, New Jersey, where she met her best friend Robyn Crawford, whom she described as the "sister she never had".[20] While Houston was still in school, her mother continued to teach her how to sing.[5] In addition to her mother, Franklin, and Warwick, Houston was also exposed to the music of Chaka Khan, Gladys Knight, and Roberta Flack, most of whom would have an impact on her as a singer and performer.[21]
1977–1984: Early career[link]
Houston spent some of her teenage years touring nightclubs where her mother Cissy was performing, and she would occasionally get on stage and perform with her. In 1977, at age 14, she became a backup singer on the Michael Zager Band's single "Life's a Party".[22] In 1978, at age 15, Houston sang background vocals on Chaka Khan's hit single "I'm Every Woman", a song she would later turn into a larger hit for herself on her monster-selling The Bodyguard soundtrack album.[23][24] She also sang back-up on albums by Lou Rawls and Jermaine Jackson.[23]
In the early 1980s, Houston started working as a fashion model after a photographer saw her at Carnegie Hall singing with her mother. She appeared in Seventeen[25] and became one of the first women of color to grace the cover of the magazine.[26] She was also featured in layouts in the pages of Glamour, Cosmopolitan, Young Miss, and appeared in a Canada Dry soft drink TV commercial.[27] Her striking looks and girl-next-door charm made her one of the most sought after teen models of that time.[27] While modeling, she continued her burgeoning recording career by working with producers Michael Beinhorn, Bill Laswell and Martin Bisi on an album they were spearheading called One Down, which was credited to the group Material. For that project, Houston contributed the ballad "Memories", a cover of a song by Hugh Hopper of Soft Machine. Robert Christgau of The Village Voice called her contribution "one of the most gorgeous ballads you've ever heard".[28] She also appeared as a lead vocalist on one track on a Paul Jabara album, entitled Paul Jabara and Friends, released by Columbia Records in 1983.[29]
Houston had previously been offered several recording agencies (Michael Zager in 1980, and Elektra Records in 1981), however her mother declined the offers stating her daughter must first complete high school.[22][30] In 1983, Gerry Griffith, an A&R representative from Arista Records, saw her performing with her mother in a New York City nightclub and was impressed. He convinced Arista's head Clive Davis to make time to see Houston perform. Davis too was impressed and offered a worldwide recording contract which Houston signed. Later that year, she made her national televised debut alongside Davis on The Merv Griffin Show.[31]
Houston signed with Arista in 1983, but did not begin work on her album immediately.[1] The label wanted to make sure no other label signed the singer away. Davis wanted to ensure he had the right material and producers for Houston's debut album. Some producers had to pass on the project due to prior commitments.[32] Houston first recorded a duet with Teddy Pendergrass entitled "Hold Me" which appeared on his album, Love Language.[33] The single was released in 1984 and gave Houston her first taste of success, becoming a Top 5 R&B hit.[34] It would also appear on her debut album in 1985.
1985–1986: Rise to international prominence[link]
With production from Michael Masser, Kashif, Jermaine Jackson, and Narada Michael Walden, Houston's debut album Whitney Houston was released in February 1985. Rolling Stone magazine praised Houston, calling her "one of the most exciting new voices in years" while The New York Times called the album "an impressive, musically conservative showcase for an exceptional vocal talent".[35][36] Arista Records promoted Houston's album with three different singles from the album in the US, UK and other European countries. In the UK, the dance-funk "Someone for Me", which failed to chart in the country, was the first single while "All at Once" was in such European countries as the Netherlands and Belgium, where the song reached the top 5 on the singles charts, respectively.[37]
In the US, the soulful ballad "You Give Good Love" was chosen as the lead single from Houston's debut to establish her in the black marketplace first.[38] Outside the US, the song failed to get enough attention to become a hit, but in the US, it gave the album its first major hit as it peaked at No. 3 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, and No. 1 on the Hot R&B chart.[32] As a result, the album began to sell strongly, and Houston continued promotion by touring nightclubs in the US. She also began performing on late-night television talk shows, which were not usually accessible to unestablished black acts. The jazzy ballad "Saving All My Love for You" was released next and it would become Houston's first No. 1 single in both the US and the UK. She was then an opening act for singer Jeffrey Osborne on his nationwide tour. "Thinking About You" was released as the promo single only to R&B-oriented radio stations, which peaked at number ten on the US R&B Chart. At the time, MTV had received harsh criticism for not playing enough videos by black, Latino, and other racial minorities while favoring white acts.[39] The third US single, "How Will I Know", peaked at No. 1 and introduced Houston to the MTV audience thanks to its video. Houston's subsequent singles from this, and future albums, would make her the first African-American female artist to receive consistent heavy rotation on MTV.[26]
By 1986, a year after its initial release, Whitney Houston topped the Billboard 200 albums chart and stayed there for 14 non-consecutive weeks.[40] The final single, "Greatest Love of All", became Houston's biggest hit at the time after peaking No. 1 and remaining there for three weeks on the Hot 100 chart, which made her debut the first album by a female artist to yield three No. 1 hits. Houston was No. 1 artist of the year and Whitney Houston was the No. 1 album of the year on the 1986 Billboard year-end charts, making her the first female artist to earn that distinction.[40] At the time, Houston released the best-selling debut album by a solo artist.[41] Houston then embarked on her world tour, Greatest Love Tour. The album had become an international success, and was certified 13× platinum (diamond) in the United States alone, and has sold a total of 25 million copies worldwide.[42]
At the 1986 Grammy Awards, Houston was nominated for three awards including Album of the Year.[43] She was not eligible for the Best New Artist category due to her previous hit R&B duet recording with Teddy Pendergrass in 1984.[44] She won her first Grammy award for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female for "Saving All My Love for You".[45] Houston's performance of the song during the Grammy telecast later earned her an Emmy Award for Outstanding Individual Performance in a Variety or Music Program.[46]
Houston won seven American Music Awards in total in 1986 and 1987, and an MTV Video Music Award.[47][48] The album's popularity would also carry over to the 1987 Grammy Awards when "Greatest Love of All" would receive a Record of the Year nomination. Houston's debut album is listed as one of Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time and on The Rock & Roll Hall of Fame's Definitive 200 list.[49][50] Houston's grand entrance into the music industry is considered one of the 25 musical milestones of the last 25 years, according to USA Today.[51] Following Houston's breakthrough, doors were opened for other African-American female artists such as Janet Jackson and Anita Baker to find notable success in popular music and on MTV.[52][53]
[edit] 1987–1991: Whitney, I'm Your Baby Tonight and "The Star Spangled Banner"
With many expectations, Houston's second album, Whitney, was released in June 1987. The album again featured production from Masser, Kashif and Walden as well as Jellybean Benitez. Many critics complained that the material was too similar to her previous album. Rolling Stone said, "the narrow channel through which this talent has been directed is frustrating".[54] Still, the album enjoyed commercial success. Houston became the first female artist in music history to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart, and the first artist to enter the albums chart at number one in both the US and UK, while also hitting number one or top ten in dozens of other countries around the world. The album's first single, "I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)", was also a massive hit worldwide, peaking at No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and topping the singles chart in many countries such as Australia, Germany and the UK. The next three singles, "Didn't We Almost Have It All", "So Emotional", and "Where Do Broken Hearts Go" all peaked at number one on the US Hot 100 chart, which gave her a total of seven consecutive number one hits, breaking the record of six previously shared by The Beatles and The Bee Gees.[55][56] Houston became the first female artist to generate four number-one singles from one album. Whitney has been certified 9× Platinum in the US for shipments of over 9 million copies, and has sold a total of 20 million copies worldwide.[57]
At the 30th Grammy Awards in 1988, Houston was nominated for three awards, including Album of the Year, winning her second Grammy for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for "I Wanna Dance With Somebody (Who Loves Me)".[58][59] Houston also won two American Music Awards in 1988 and 1989, respectively, and a Soul Train Music Award.[60][61][62] Following the release of the album, Houston embarked on the Moment of Truth World Tour, which was one of the ten highest grossing concert tours of 1987.[63] The success of the tours during 1986–87 and her two studio albums ranked Houston No. 8 for the highest earning entertainers list according to Forbes magazine.[64] She was the highest earning African-American woman overall and the third highest entertainer after Bill Cosby and Eddie Murphy.[64]
Houston was a supporter of Nelson Mandela and the anti-apartheid movement. During her modeling days, the singer refused to work with any agencies who did business with the then-apartheid South Africa.[65][66] On June 11, 1988, during the European leg of her tour, Houston joined other musicians to perform a set at Wembley Stadium in London to celebrate a then-imprisoned Nelson Mandela's 70th birthday.[65] Over 72,000 people attended Wembley Stadium, and over a billion people tuned in worldwide as the rock concert raised over $1 million for charities while bringing awareness to apartheid.[67] Houston then flew back to the US for a concert at Madison Square Garden in New York City in August. The show was a benefit concert that raised a quarter of a million dollars for the United Negro College Fund.[68] In the same year, she recorded a song for NBC's coverage of the 1988 Summer Olympics, "One Moment in Time", which became a Top 5 hit in the US, while reaching number one in the UK and Germany.[69][70][71] With her world tour continuing overseas, Houston was still one of the top 20 highest earning entertainers for 1987–88 according to Forbes magazine.[72][73]
In 1989, Houston formed The Whitney Houston Foundation For Children, a non-profit organization that has raised funds for the needs of children around the world. The organization cares for homelessness, children with cancer or AIDS, and other issues of self-empowerment.[74] With the success of her first two albums, Houston was undoubtedly an international crossover superstar, the most prominent since Michael Jackson, appealing to all demographics. However, some black critics believed she was "selling out".[6] They felt her singing on record lacked the soul that was present during her live concerts.[25]
At the 1989 Soul Train Music Awards, when Houston's name was called out for a nomination, a few in the audience jeered.[75][76] Houston defended herself against the criticism, stating, "If you're gonna have a long career, there's a certain way to do it, and I did it that way. I'm not ashamed of it".[25] Houston took a more urban direction with her third studio album, I'm Your Baby Tonight, released in November 1990. She produced and chose producers for this album and as a result, it featured production and collaborations with L.A. Reid and Babyface, Luther Vandross, and Stevie Wonder. The album showed Houston's versatility on a new batch of tough rhythmic grooves, soulful ballads and up-tempo dance tracks. Reviews were mixed. Rolling Stone felt it was her "best and most integrated album".[77] while Entertainment Weekly, at the time thought Houston's shift towards an urban direction was "superficial".[78]
The album contained several hits: the first two singles, "I'm Your Baby Tonight" and "All the Man That I Need" peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart; "Miracle" peaked at number nine; "My Name Is Not Susan" peaked in the top twenty; "I Belong to You" reached the top ten of the US R&B chart and garnered Houston a Grammy nomination; and the sixth single, the Stevie Wonder duet "We Didn't Know", reached the R&B top twenty. The album peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 and went on to be certified 4× platinum in the US while selling twelve million total worldwide.
File:W. Houston & G. Bush at White house.jpg
Houston met with President George H. W. Bush in the Oval Office in 1990, while in Washington, D.C., to participate in the Youth Leadership Forum
In 1990, Houston was the spokesperson for a youth leadership conference hosted in Washington, D.C. She had a private audience with President George H. W. Bush in the Oval Office to discuss the associated challenges.
With America entangled in the Persian Gulf War, Houston performed "The Star Spangled Banner" at Super Bowl XXV at Tampa Stadium on January 27, 1991.[79] Due to overwhelming response to her rendition, it was released as a commercial single and video of her performance, and reached the Top 20 on the US Hot 100, making her the only act to turn the national anthem into a pop hit of that magnitude (Jose Feliciano's version reached No. 50 in November 1968).[80][81] Houston donated all her share of the proceeds to the American Red Cross Gulf Crisis Fund. As a result, the singer was named to the Red Cross Board of Governors.[79][82][83]
Her rendition was considered the benchmark for singers and critically acclaimed.[84] Rolling Stone commented that "her singing stirs such strong patriotism. Unforgettable", and the performance ranked No. 1 on the 25 most memorable music moments in NFL history list. VH1 listed the performance as one of the greatest moments that rocked TV.[85][86] Following the attacks on 9/11, it was released again by Arista Records, all profits going towards the firefighters and victims of the attacks. This time it peaked at No. 6 in the Hot 100 and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.[87]
Later in 1991, Houston put together her Welcome Home Heroes concert with HBO for the soldiers fighting in the Persian Gulf War and their families. The free concert took place at Naval Station Norfolk in Norfolk, Virginia in front of 3,500 servicemen and women. HBO descrambled the concert so that it was free for everyone to watch.[88] Houston's concert gave HBO its highest ratings ever.[89] She then embarked on the I'm Your Baby Tonight World Tour.
[edit] 1992–1994: Marriage to Bobby Brown and The Bodyguard
Throughout the 1980s, Houston was romantically linked to American football star Randall Cunningham and actor Eddie Murphy, whom she dated.[90] She then met R&B singer Bobby Brown at the 1989 Soul Train Music Awards. After a three-year courtship, the two were married on July 18, 1992.[91] On March 4, 1993, Houston gave birth to their daughter Bobbi Kristina Houston Brown, her only child, and his fourth. Brown would go on to have several run-ins with the law, including some jail time.[91]
With the commercial success of her albums, movie offers poured in, including offers to work with Robert De Niro, Quincy Jones, and Spike Lee; but Houston felt the time wasn't right.[90] Houston's first film role was in The Bodyguard, released in 1992 and co-starring Kevin Costner. Houston played Rachel Marron, a star who is stalked by a crazed fan and hires a bodyguard to protect her. USA Today listed it as one of the 25 most memorable movie moments of the last 25 years in 2007.[92] Houston's mainstream appeal allowed people to look at the movie color-blind.[93]
Still, controversy arose as some felt the film's advertising intentionally hid Houston's face to hide the film's interracial relationship. In an interview with Rolling Stone in 1993, the singer commented that "people know who Whitney Houston is – I'm black. You can't hide that fact."[21] Houston received a Razzie Award nomination for Worst Actress. The Washington Post said Houston is "doing nothing more than playing Houston, comes out largely unscathed if that is possible in so cockamamie an undertaking",[94] and The New York Times commented that she lacked passion with her co-star.[95] Despite the film's mixed reviews, it was hugely successful at the box office, grossing more than $121 million in the U.S. and $410 million worldwide, making it one of the top 100 grossing films in film history at its time of release, though it is no longer in the top 100 due to rising ticket prices since the time the film was released.[96]
The film's soundtrack also enjoyed big success. Houston executive produced and contributed six songs for the motion picture's adjoining soundtrack album. Rolling Stone said it is "nothing more than pleasant, tasteful and urbane".[97] The soundtrack's lead single was "I Will Always Love You", written and originally recorded by Dolly Parton in 1974. Houston's version of the song was acclaimed by many critics, regarding it as her "signature song" or "iconic performance". Rolling Stone and USA Today called her rendition "the tour-de-force".[98][99] The single peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 for a then-record-breaking 14 weeks, number one on the R&B chart for a then-record-breaking 11 weeks, and number one on the Adult Contemporary charts for five weeks, thus becoming the first single to top those three charts simultaneously for five weeks.[100]
The single was certified 4× platinum by the RIAA, making Houston the first female artist with a single to reach that level in the RIAA history and becoming the best-selling single by a female artist in the US.[101][102][103] The song also became a global success, hitting number-one in almost all countries, and one of the best-selling singles of all time with 12 million copies sold.[104] The soundtrack topped the Billboard 200 chart and remained there for 20 non-consecutive weeks, the longest tenure by any album on the chart in the Nielsen SoundScan era, and became one of the fastest selling albums ever.[105] During Christmas week of 1992, the soundtrack sold over a million copies within a week, becoming the first album to achieve that feat under Nielsen SoundScan system.[106][107] With the follow-up singles "I'm Every Woman", a Chaka Khan cover, and "I Have Nothing" both reaching the top five, Houston became the first female artist to ever have three singles in the Top 11 simultaneously.[108][109][110] The album was certified 17× platinum in the US alone,[111] with worldwide sales of 44 million,[112] making The Bodyguard the biggest-selling album by a female act on the list of the world's Top 10 best-selling albums, topping Shania Twain's 40 million sold for Come On Over.[113]
Houston won three Grammys for the album in 1994, including two of the Academy's highest honors, Album of the Year and Record of the Year. In addition, she won a record 8 American Music Awards at that year's ceremony including the Award of Merit,[114] 11 Billboard Music Awards, 3 Soul Train Music Awards in 1993–94 including Sammy Davis, Jr. Award as Entertainer of the Year,[115] 5 NAACP Image Awards including Entertainer of the Year,[116][117][118] a record 5 World Music Awards,[119] and a BRIT award.[120] Following the success of the project, Houston embarked on another expansive global tour, The Bodyguard World Tour, in 1993–94. Her concerts, movie, and recording grosses made her the third highest earning female entertainer of 1993–94, just behind Oprah Winfrey and Barbra Streisand according to Forbes magazine.[121] Houston placed in the top five of Entertainment Weekly's annual "Entertainer of the Year" ranking[122] and was labeled by Premiere magazine as one of the 100 most powerful people in Hollywood.[123]
In October 1994, Houston attended and performed at a state dinner in the White House honoring newly elected South African president Nelson Mandela.[124][125] At the end of her world tour, Houston performed three concerts in South Africa to honor President Mandela, playing to over 200,000 people. This would make the singer the first major musician to visit the newly unified and apartheid free nation following Mandela's winning election.[126] The concert was broadcast live on HBO with funds of the concerts being donated to various charities in South Africa. The event was considered the nation's "biggest media event since the inauguration of Nelson Mandela".[127]
[edit] 1995–1997: Waiting to Exhale, The Preacher's Wife, and Cinderella
In 1995, Houston starred alongside Angela Bassett, Loretta Devine, and Lela Rochon in her second film Waiting to Exhale, a motion picture about four African-American women struggling with relationships. Houston played the lead character Savannah Jackson, a TV producer in love with a married man. She chose the role because she saw the film as "a breakthrough for the image of black women because it presents them both as professionals and as caring mothers".[128] After opening at number one and grossing $67 million in the US at the box office and $81 million worldwide,[129] it proved that a movie primarily targeting a black audience can cross over to success, while paving the way for other all-black movies such as How Stella Got Her Groove Back and the Tyler Perry movies that have become popular in the 2000s.[130][131][132] The film is also notable for its portrayal of black women as strong middle class citizens as opposed to stereotypes.[133] The reviews were mainly positive for the ensemble cast. The New York Times said "Ms. Houston has shed the defensive hauteur that made her portrayal of a pop star in 'The Bodyguard' seem so distant."[134] Houston was nominated for an NAACP Image Award for "Outstanding Actress In A Motion Picture", but lost to her co-star Bassett.
The film's accompanying soundtrack, Waiting to Exhale: Original Soundtrack Album, was produced by Houston and Babyface. Though Babyface originally wanted Houston to record the entire album, she declined. Instead, she "wanted it to be an album of women with vocal distinction", and thus gathered several African-American female artists for the soundtrack, to go along with the film's strong women message.[128] As a result, the album featured a range of contemporary R&B female recording artists along with Houston, such as Mary J Blige, Aretha Franklin, Toni Braxton, Patti Labelle, and Brandy. Houston's "Exhale (Shoop Shoop)" peaked at No. 1, and then spent a record eleven weeks at the No. 2 spot and eight weeks on top of the R&B Charts. "Count On Me", a duet with CeCe Winans, hit the US Top 10; and Houston's third contribution, "Why Does It Hurt So Bad", made the Top 30. The album debuted at No. 1, and was certified 7× Platinum in the United States, denoting shipments of seven million copies.[57] The soundtrack received strong reviews as Entertainment Weekly said "the album goes down easy, just as you'd expect from a package framed by Whitney Houston tracks.... the soundtrack waits to exhale, hovering in sensuous suspense"[135] and has since ranked it as one of the 100 Best Movie Soundtracks.[136] Later that year, Houston's children's charity organization was awarded a VH1 Honor for all the charitable work.[137]
In 1996, Houston starred in the holiday comedy The Preacher's Wife, with Denzel Washington. She plays a gospel-singing wife of a pastor (Courtney B. Vance). It was largely an updated remake of the 1948 film "The Bishop's Wife" which starred Loretta Young, David Niven and Cary Grant. Houston earned $10 million for the role, making her one of the highest-paid actresses in Hollywood at the time and the highest earning African American actress in Hollywood.[138] The movie, with its all African-American cast, was a moderate success, earning approximately $50 million at the U.S. box offices.[139] The movie gave Houston her strongest reviews so far. The San Francisco Chronicle said Houston "is rather angelic herself, displaying a divine talent for being virtuous and flirtatious at the same time" and that she "exudes gentle yet spirited warmth, especially when praising the Lord in her gorgeous singing voice".[140] Houston was again nominated for an NAACP Image Award and won for Outstanding Actress In A Motion Picture.
Houston recorded and co-produced, with Mervyn Warren, the film's accompanying gospel soundtrack. The Preacher's Wife: Original Soundtrack Album included six gospel songs with Georgia Mass Choir that were recorded at the Great Star Rising Baptist Church in Atlanta. Houston also duetted with gospel legend Shirley Caesar. The album sold six million copies worldwide and scored hit singles with "I Believe in You and Me" and "Step by Step", becoming the largest selling gospel album of all time. The album received mainly positive reviews. Some critics, such as that of USA Today, noted the presence of her emotional depth,[141] while The Times said "To hear Houston going at full throttle with the 35 piece Georgia Mass Choir struggling to keep up is to realise what her phenomenal voice was made for".[142]
In 1997, Houston's production company changed its name to BrownHouse Productions and was joined by Debra Martin Chase. Their goal was "to show aspects of the lives of African-Americans that have not been brought to the screen before" while improving how African-Americans are portrayed in film and television.[143] Their first project was a made-for-television remake of Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella. In addition to co-producing, Houston starred in the movie as the Fairy Godmother along with Brandy, Jason Alexander, Whoopi Goldberg, and Bernadette Peters. Houston was initially offered the role of Cinderella in 1993, but other projects intervened.[144] The film is notable for its multi-racial cast and nonstereotypical message.[145] An estimated 60 million viewers tuned into the special giving ABC its highest TV ratings in 16 years.[146] The movie received seven Emmy nominations including Outstanding Variety, Musical or Comedy, while winning Outstanding Art Direction in a Variety, Musical or Comedy Special.[147]
Houston and Chase then obtained the rights to the story of Dorothy Dandridge. Houston was to play Dandridge, who was the first African American actress to be nominated for an Oscar. She wanted the story told with dignity and honor.[143] However, Halle Berry also had rights to the project and she got her version going first.[148] Later that year, Houston paid tribute to her idols such as Aretha Franklin, Diana Ross, and Dionne Warwick by performing their hits during the three-night HBO Concert Classic Whitney, live from Washington, D.C. The special raised over $300,000 for the Children's Defense Fund.[149] Houston received The Quincy Jones Award for outstanding career achievements in the field of entertainment at the 12th Soul Train Music Awards.[150][151]
[edit] 1998–2000: My Love Is Your Love and Whitney: The Greatest Hits
After spending much of the early and mid 1990s working on motion pictures and their soundtrack albums, Houston's first studio album in eight years, the critically acclaimed My Love Is Your Love, was released in November 1998. Though originally slated to be a greatest hits album with a handful of new songs, recording sessions were so fruitful that a new full-length studio album was released. Recorded and mixed in only six weeks, it featured production from Rodney Jerkins, Wyclef Jean and Missy Elliott. The album debuted at number thirteen, its peak position, on the Billboard 200 chart.[152] It had a funkier and edgier sound than past releases and saw Houston handling urban dance, hip hop, mid-tempo R&B, reggae, torch songs, and ballads all with great dexterity.[153]
From late 1998 to early 2000, the album spawned several hit singles: "When You Believe" (US No. 15, UK No. 4), a duet with Mariah Carey for 1998's The Prince of Egypt soundtrack, which also became an international hit as it peaked in the Top 10 in several countries and won an Academy Award for Best Original Song;[154] "Heartbreak Hotel" (US No. 2, UK No. 25) featured Faith Evans and Kelly Price, received a 1999 MTV VMA nomination for Best R&B Video,[155] and number one on the US R&B chart for seven weeks; "It's Not Right But It's Okay" (US No. 4, UK No. 3) won Houston her sixth Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance;[156] "My Love Is Your Love" (US No. 4, UK No. 2) with 3 million copies sold worldwide;[157] and "I Learned from the Best" (US No. 27, UK No. 19).[158][159] These singles became international hits as well, and all the singles, except "When You Believe", became number one hits on the Billboard Hot Dance/Club Play chart. The album sold four million copies in America, making it certified 4× platinum, and a total of eleven million copies worldwide.[42]
The album gave Houston some of her strongest reviews ever. Rolling Stone said Houston was singing "with a bite in her voice"[160] and The Village Voice called it "Whitney's sharpest and most satisfying so far".[161] In 1999, Houston participated in VH-1's Divas Live '99, alongside Brandy, Mary J. Blige, Tina Turner, and Cher. The same year, Houston hit the road with her 70 date My Love Is Your Love World Tour. The European leg of the tour was Europe's highest grossing arena tour of the year.[162] In November 1999, Houston was named Top-selling R&B Female Artist of the Century with certified US sales of 51 million copies at the time and The Bodyguard Soundtrack was named the Top-selling Soundtrack Album of the Century by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).[163] She also won The Artist of the Decade, Female award for extraordinary artistic contributions during the 1990s at the 14th Soul Train Music Awards, and an MTV Europe Music Award for Best R&B.[164][165][166][167][168]
In May 2000, Whitney: The Greatest Hits was released worldwide. The double disc set peaked at number five in the United States, reaching number one in the United Kingdom.[159][169] In addition, the album reached the Top 10 in many other countries.[170] While ballad songs were left unchanged, the album features house/club remixes of many of Houston's up-tempo hits. Included on the album were four new songs: "Could I Have This Kiss Forever" (a duet with Enrique Iglesias), "Same Script, Different Cast" (a duet with Deborah Cox), "If I Told You That" (a duet with George Michael), and "Fine", and three hits that had never appeared on a Houston album: "One Moment in Time", "The Star Spangled Banner", and "If You Say My Eyes Are Beautiful", a duet with Jermaine Jackson from his 1986 Precious Moments album.[171] Along with the album, an accompanying VHS and DVD was released featuring the music videos to Houston's greatest hits, as well as several hard-to-find live performances including her 1983 debut on The Merv Griffin Show, and interviews.[172] The greatest hits album was certified 3× platinum in the US, with worldwide sales of 10 million.[173][174]
[edit] 2000–2005: Just Whitney, and personal struggles
Though Houston was seen as a "good girl" with a perfect image in the 1980s and early 1990s, by the late 1990s, her behavior changed. She was often hours late for interviews, photo shoots and rehearsals, and canceling concerts and talk-show appearances.[175][176] With the missed performances and weight loss, rumors about Houston using drugs with her husband circulated. On January 11, 2000, airport security guards discovered marijuana in both Houston's and husband Bobby Brown's luggage at a Hawaii airport, but the two boarded the plane and departed before authorities could arrive. Charges were later dropped against them,[177] but rumors of drug usage between the couple would continue to surface. Two months later, Clive Davis was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame. Houston had been scheduled to perform at the event, but failed to show up.[178]
Shortly thereafter, Houston was scheduled to perform at the Academy Awards but was fired from the event by musical director and longtime friend Burt Bacharach. Her publicist cited throat problems as the reason for the cancellation. In his book The Big Show: High Times and Dirty Dealings Backstage at the Academy Awards, author Steve Pond revealed that "Houston's voice was shaky, she seemed distracted and jittery, and her attitude was casual, almost defiant", and that while Houston was to sing "Over the Rainbow", she would start singing a different song.[179] Houston later admitted to having been fired.[180] Later that year, Houston's long-time executive assistant and friend, Robyn Crawford, resigned from Houston's management company.[178]
In August 2001, Houston signed the biggest record deal in music history with Arista/BMG. She renewed her contract for $100 million to deliver six new albums, on which she would also earn royalties.[181][182][183] She later made an appearance on Michael Jackson: 30th Anniversary Special. Her extremely thin frame further spurred rumors of drug use. Houston's publicist said, "Whitney has been under stress due to family matters, and when she is under stress she doesn't eat."[184] The singer was scheduled for a second performance the following night but canceled.[185] Within weeks, Houston's rendition of "The Star Spangled Banner" would be re-released after the September 11 attacks, with the proceeds donated to the New York Firefighters 9/11 Disaster Relief Fund and the New York Fraternal Order of Police.[186] The song peaked at No. 6 this time on the US Hot 100, topping its previous position.[158]
In 2002, Houston became involved in a legal dispute with John Houston Enterprise. Although the company was started by her father to manage her career, it was actually run by company president Kevin Skinner. Skinner filed a breach-of-contract lawsuit and sued for $100 million (but lost), stating that Houston owed the company previously unpaid compensation for helping to negotiate her $100 million contract with Arista Records and for sorting out legal matters.[187] Houston stated that her 81-year-old father had nothing to do with the lawsuit. Although Skinner tried to claim otherwise, John Houston never appeared in court.[188] Houston's father later died in February 2003.[189] The lawsuit was dismissed on April 5, 2004, and Skinner was awarded nothing.[190]
Also in 2002, Houston did an interview with Diane Sawyer to promote her then-upcoming album. The interview was the highest-rated television interview in history.[citation needed] During the prime-time special, Houston spoke on topics including rumored drug use and marriage. She was asked about the ongoing drug rumors and replied, "First of all, let's get one thing straight. Crack is cheap. I make too much money to ever smoke crack. Let's get that straight. Okay? We don't do crack. We don't do that. Crack is wack."[180] The line was from Keith Haring's mural which was painted in 1986 on the handball court at 128th Street and 2nd Avenue.[191] Houston did, however, admit to using other substances at times, including cocaine.[180]
In December 2002, Houston released her fifth studio album, Just Whitney.... The album included productions from then-husband Bobby Brown, as well as Missy Elliott and Babyface, and marked the first time that Houston did not produce with Clive Davis as Davis had been released by top management at BMG. Upon its release, Just Whitney... received mixed reviews.[192] The album debuted at number 9 on the Billboard 200 chart and it had the highest first week sales of any album Houston had ever released.[193] The four singles released from the album, didn't fare well on the Billboard Hot 100, but became Hot Dance Club Play hits. Just Whitney... was certified platinum in the United States, and sold approximately three million worldwide.[194]
On a June 2003 trip to Israel, Houston said of her visit, "I've never felt like this in any other country. I feel at home, I feel wonderful."[195]
In late 2003, Houston released her first Christmas album One Wish: The Holiday Album, with a collection of traditional holiday songs. Houston produced the album with Mervyn Warren and Gordon Chambers. A single titled "One Wish (for Christmas)" reached the Top 20 on the Adult Contemporary chart, and the album was certified gold in the US. Having always been a touring artist, Houston spent most of 2004 touring and performing in Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and Russia. In September 2004, she gave a surprise performance at the World Music Awards in a tribute to long time friend Clive Davis. After the show, Davis and Houston announced plans to go into studio to work on her new album.[196]
In early 2004, husband Bobby Brown starred in his own reality TV program, Being Bobby Brown (on the Bravo network), which provided a view into the domestic goings-on in the Brown household. Though it was Brown's vehicle, Houston was a prominent figure throughout the show, receiving as much screen time as Brown. The series aired in 2005 and featured Houston in, what some would say, not her most flattering moments. The Hollywood Reporter said it was "undoubtedly the most disgusting and execrable series ever to ooze its way onto television."[197] Despite the perceived train-wreck nature of the show, the series gave Bravo its highest ratings in its time slot and continued Houston's successful forays into film and television.[198] The show was not renewed for a second season after Houston stated that she would no longer appear in it, and Brown and Bravo could not come to an agreement for another season.[199]
[edit] 2006–2012: Return to music, I Look to You, tour and film comeback
After years of controversy and turmoil, Houston separated from Bobby Brown in September 2006, filing for divorce the following month.[200] On February 1, 2007, Houston asked the court to fast track their divorce.[201] The divorce was finalized on April 24, 2007, with Houston granted custody of the couple's daughter.[202] On May 4, Houston sold the suburban Atlanta home featured in Being Bobby Brown for $1.19 million.[203] A few days later, Brown sued Houston in Orange County, California court in an attempt to change the terms of their custody agreement. Brown also sought child and spousal support from Houston. In the lawsuit, Brown claimed that financial and emotional problems prevented him from properly responding to Houston's divorce petition.[204] Brown lost at his court hearing as the judge dismissed his appeal to overrule the custody terms, leaving Houston with full custody and Brown with no spousal support.[205] In March 2007, Clive Davis of Arista Records announced that Houston would begin recording a new album.[206] In October 2007, Arista released another compilation The Ultimate Collection outside the United States.[207]
Houston gave her first interview in seven years in September 2009, appearing on Oprah Winfrey's season premiere. The interview was billed as "the most anticipated music interview of the decade".[208] Whitney admitted on the show to using drugs with former husband Bobby Brown, who "laced marijuana with rock cocaine".[209] By 1996, she told Oprah, "[doing drugs] was an everyday thing... I wasn't happy by that point in time. I was losing myself."[210]
Houston released her new album, I Look to You, in August 2009.[211] The album's first two singles are "I Look to You" and "Million Dollar Bill". The album entered the Billboard 200 at No. 1, with Houston's best opening-week sales of 305,000 copies, marking Houston's first number one album since The Bodyguard, and Houston's first studio album to reach number one since 1987's Whitney. Houston also appeared on European television programs to promote the album. She performed the song "I Look to You" on the German television show Wetten, dass..?. Three days later, she performed the worldwide first single from I Look To You, Million Dollar Bill, on the French television show Le Grand Journal. Houston appeared as guest mentor on The X Factor in the United Kingdom. She performed "Million Dollar Bill" on the following day's results show, completing the song even as a strap in the back of her dress popped open two minutes into the performance. She later commented that she "sang [herself] out of [her] clothes".
The performance was poorly received by the British media, and was variously described as "weird" and "ungracious",[212] "shambolic"[213] and a "flop". Despite this reception, "Million Dollar Bill" jumped to its peak from 14 to number 5 (her first UK top 5 for over a decade), and three weeks after release "I Look to You" went gold. Houston appeared on the Italian version of The X Factor, performing the same song "Million Dollar Bill" to excellent reviews.[214] She was awarded the Gold Certificate for achieving over 50,000 CD sales of "I Look To You" in Italy.[215] In November, Houston performed "I Didn't Know My Own Strength" at the 2009 American Music Awards in Los Angeles, California. Two days later, Houston performed both songs on the Dancing With The Stars season 9 finale. As of December 2009, "I Look to You" has been certified platinum by the RIAA for sales of more than one million copies in the United States.[216] On January 26, 2010, her debut album was re-released in a special edition entitled Whitney Houston – The Deluxe Anniversary Edition.[217]
Houston later embarked on a world tour, entitled the Nothing but Love World Tour. It was her first world tour in over ten years and was announced as a triumphant comeback. However, some poor reviews and rescheduled concerts brought some negative media attention.[218][219] Houston canceled some concerts due to illness and received widespread negative reviews from fans who were disappointed in the quality of her voice and performance. Some fans reportedly walked out of her concerts.[220]
In January 2010, Houston was nominated for two NAACP Image Awards, one for Best Female Artist and one for Best Music Video. She won the award for Best Music Video for her single "I Look to You". On January 16, she received The BET Honors Award for Entertainer citing her lifetime achievements spanning over 25 years in the industry. The 2010 BET Honors award was held at the Warner Theatre in Washington, D.C. and aired on February 1, 2010. Jennifer Hudson and Kim Burrell performed in honor of her, garnering positive reviews. Houston also received a nomination from the Echo Awards, Germany's version of the Grammys, for Best International Artist. In April 2010, the UK newspaper The Mirror reported that Houston was thinking about recording her eighth studio album and wanted to collaborate with will.i.am (of The Black Eyed Peas), her first choice for a collaboration.[221]
Houston also performed the song "I Look to You" on the 2011 BET Celebration of Gospel, with gospel–jazz singer Kim Burrell, held at the Staples Center, Los Angeles. The performance aired on January 30, 2011. Early in 2011, she gave an uneven performance in tribute to cousin Dionne Warwick at music mogul Clive Davis' annual pre-Grammy gala. In May 2011, Houston enrolled in a rehabilitation center again, as an out-patient, citing drug and alcohol problems. A representative for Houston said that it was a part of Houston's "longstanding recovery process".[222]
In September 2011, The Hollywood Reporter announced that Houston would produce and star alongside Jordin Sparks and Mike Epps in the remake of the 1976 film Sparkle. In the film, Houston portrays Sparks' "not-so encouraging mother". Houston would have executive producer credits on top of acting credits according to Debra Martin Chase, producer of Sparkle. She stated that Houston deserved the title considering she had been there from the beginning in 2001, when Houston obtained Sparkle production rights. R&B singer Aaliyah – originally tapped to star as Sparkle – died in a 2001 plane crash. Her death derailed production, which would have begun in 2002.[223][224][225] Houston's remake of Sparkle was filmed in the fall of 2011,[226] and is set for release by TriStar Pictures in August 2012.[227]
Death[link]
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Wikinews has related news: American pop star Whitney Houston dies at 48 |
On February 9, 2012, Houston visited singers Brandy and Monica, together with Clive Davis, at their rehearsals for Davis' pre-Grammy Awards party at the Beverly Hilton Hotel in Beverly Hills.[228][229] That same day, she made her last public performance, when she joined Kelly Price on stage in Hollywood, California, and sang "Jesus Loves Me".[230][231]
On February 11, 2012, Houston was found dead in suite 434 at the Beverly Hilton Hotel, submerged in the bathtub.[232][233] The cause of death was not immediately known.[234][235] It was later ruled by the coroner to have been an "accidental drowning".[236] Beverly Hills paramedics arrived at approximately 3:30 p.m. and found the singer unresponsive and performed CPR. Houston was pronounced dead at 3:55 p.m. PST.[234][237] Local police said there were "no obvious signs of criminal intent."[238] On March 22, 2012, the Los Angeles County coroner's office reported the cause of Houston's death was drowning and the "effects of atherosclerotic heart disease and cocaine use".[239] The office stated the amount of cocaine found in Houston's body indicated that she used the substance shortly before her death.[240] Toxicology results revealed additional drugs in her system: Benadryl, Xanax, marijuana and Flexiril.[241] The manner of death was listed as an "accident".[242]
Houston had an invitation-only memorial on Saturday, February 18, 2012, at the New Hope Baptist Church in Newark, New Jersey. The service was scheduled for two hours, but lasted for four hours.[243] Among those who performed at the funeral were Stevie Wonder (rewritten version of "Ribbon in the Sky," and "Love's in Need of Love Today"), CeCe Winans ("Don't Cry" and "Jesus Loves Me"), Alicia Keys ("Send Me an Angel"), Kim Burrell (rewritten version of "A Change Is Gonna Come") and R. Kelly ("I Look to You"), interspersed with hymns by the church choir and remarks by Clive Davis, Houston’s record producer; Kevin Costner; Ricky Minor her music director; her cousin Dionne Warwick and Ray Watson, her security guard for the past 11 years. Aretha Franklin was listed on the program and was expected to sing, but was unable to attend the service.[244][245] Bobby Brown, Houston's ex-husband, was also invited to the funeral but he left before the service began.[246] Houston was buried on Sunday, February 19, 2012, in Fairview Cemetery, in Westfield, New Jersey next to her father, John Russell Houston, who died in 2003.[247]
Reaction[link]
The Clive Davis' pre-Grammy party that Houston was expected to attend, and that featured many of the biggest names in music and movies, went on as scheduled although it was quickly turned into a tribute to Houston. Davis spoke about Houston's death at the evening's start: "By now you have all learned of the unspeakably tragic news of our beloved Whitney's passing. I don't have to mask my emotion in front of a room full of so many dear friends. I am personally devastated by the loss of someone who has meant so much to me for so many years. Whitney was so full of life. She was so looking forward to tonight even though she wasn't scheduled to perform. Whitney was a beautiful person and a talent beyond compare. She graced this stage with her regal presence and gave so many memorable performances here over the years. Simply put, Whitney would have wanted the music to go on and her family asked that we carry on."[248]
Tony Bennett spoke of Houston's death before performing at Davis' party. He said, "First, it was Michael Jackson, then Amy Winehouse, now, the magnificent Whitney Houston". Bennett sang "How Do You Keep the Music Playing?" and said of Houston, "When I first heard her, I called Clive Davis and said, 'You finally found the greatest singer I've ever heard in my life.'"[249]
Some celebrities opposed Davis' decision to continue on the party while a police investigation was being conducted in Houston's hotel room and her body was still in the building. Chaka Khan, in an interview with CNN's Piers Morgan on February 13, 2012, shared that she felt the party should have been canceled, saying "I thought that was complete insanity. And knowing Whitney I don't believe that she would have said 'the show must go on.' She's the kind of woman that would've said 'Stop everything! Un-unh. I'm not going to be there.' [...] I don't know what could motivate a person to have a party in a building where the person whose life he had influenced so enormously and whose life had been affected by hers. They were like... I don't understand how that party went on."[250] Sharon Osbourne condemned the Davis party, declaring "I think it was disgraceful that the party went on. I don't want to be in a hotel room when there's someone you admire who's tragically lost their life four floors up. I'm not interested in being in that environment and I think when you grieve someone, you do it privately, you do it with people who understand you. I thought it was so wrong."[251]
Several other celebrities released statements responding to Houston's death. Dolly Parton, whose song "I Will Always Love You" was covered by Houston, said, "I will always be grateful and in awe of the wonderful performance she did on my song and I can truly say from the bottom of my heart, 'Whitney, I will always love you. You will be missed'." Aretha Franklin said, "It's so stunning and unbelievable. I couldn't believe what I was reading coming across the TV screen."[252] Mariah Carey said, "Heartbroken and in tears over the shocking death of my friend ... She will never be forgotten as one of the greatest voices to ever grace the earth."[253] Oprah Winfrey, who did an in-depth interview with Houston in 2009, wrote on Twitter "To me Whitney was THE VOICE. We got to hear a part of God every time she sang. Heart is heavy, spirit grateful for the GIFT of her."[254] Quincy Jones said, "I am absolutely heartbroken at the news of Whitney’s passing. Ashford & Simpson first made me aware of Whitney when she was just sixteen, and I always regretted not having had the opportunity to work with her. She was a true original and a talent beyond compare. I will miss her terribly."[253]
Moments after news of her death emerged, CNN, MSNBC and Fox News all broke from their regularly scheduled programming to dedicate time to non-stop coverage of Houston's death. All three featured live interviews with people who knew Houston including those that have worked with her, interviewed her along with some of her peers in the music industry. Saturday Night Live displayed a photo of a smiling Houston, alongside Molly Shannon, from her 1996 appearance.[255][256] MTV and VH-1 interrupted their regularly scheduled programming on Sunday February 12 to air many of Houston's classic videos with MTV often airing news segments in between and featuring various reactions from fans and celebrities.
Houston's former husband, Bobby Brown, was reported to be "in and out of crying fits" since receiving the news. He did not cancel a scheduled performance and within hours of his ex-wife's sudden death, an audience in Mississippi observed as Brown blew kisses skyward, tearfully saying: "I love you, Whitney".[257]
Ken Ehrlich, executive producer of the 54th Grammy Awards, announced that Jennifer Hudson would perform a tribute to Houston at the February 12, 2012, awards. He said "event organizers believed Hudson – an Academy Award-winning actress and Grammy Award-winning artist – could perform a respectful musical tribute to Houston". Ehrlich went on to say: "It's too fresh in everyone's memory to do more at this time, but we would be remiss if we didn't recognize Whitney's remarkable contribution to music fans in general, and in particular her close ties with the Grammy telecast and her Grammy wins and nominations over the years".[258] At the start of the awards ceremony, a footage of Houston performing "I Will Always Love You" from 1994 Grammys was shown following a prayer read by host, LL Cool J. Later in the program following a montage of photos of musicians who died in 2011 with Houston singing "Saving All My Love for You" at the 1986 Grammys, Hudson paid tribute to Houston and the other artists by performing "I Will Always Love You".[259][260]
Houston was honored in the form of various tributes at the 43rd NAACP Image Awards, held on February 17. A image montage of Houston and important black figures who died in 2011 was followed by video footage from the 1994 ceremony, which depicted her accepting two Image Awards for outstanding female artist and entertainer of the year. Following the video tribute, Yolanda Adams delivered a rendition of "I Love the Lord" from The Preacher's Wife Soundtrack. In the finale of the ceremony, Kirk Franklin and The Family started their performance with "Greatest Love of All."[261] The 2012 BRIT Awards, which took place at London's O2 Arena on February 21, also paid tribute to Houston by playing a 30-second-video montage of her music videos with a snippet of "One Moment in Time" as the background music in the ceremony's first segment.[262] New Jersey Governor Chris Christie said that all New Jersey state flags would be flown at half-staff on Tuesday, February 21 to honor Houston.[263] Accompanied by Esperanza Spalding belting out "What a Wonderful World" along with the Southern California Children's Choir, Houston was featured in the In Memoriam montage alongside other cinema greats at the 84th Academy Awards, held at the Hollywood and Highland Center on February 26, 2012.[264][265]
Artistry and legacy[link]
Voice[link]
 |
One of Houston's best selling singles worldwide and recognized songs, "I Will Always Love You" prominently uses melismas.
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| Problems listening to this file? See media help. | |
Houston was a mezzo-soprano,[266][267] and was commonly referred to as "The Voice" in reference to her exceptional vocal talent.[268] Her vocal range extended from G below middle C (G3) to high B-flat (B♭5); she could belt out to treble F (F5).[269] She was third in MTV's list of 22 Greatest Voices,[270] and sixth on Online Magazine COVE's list of the 100 Best Pop Vocalists with a score of 48.5/50.[271] In 2008, Rolling Stone listed Houston as the thirty-fourth of the 100 greatest singers of all time, stating, "Her voice is a mammoth, coruscating cry: Few vocalists could get away with opening a song with 45 unaccompanied seconds of singing, but Houston's powerhouse version of Dolly Parton's 'I Will Always Love You' is a tour de force."[98] Matthew Perpetua from Rolling Stone also eulogized Houston's vocal, enumerating ten performances, including "How Will I Know" from the 1986 MTV VMAs and "The Star Spangled Banner" at the 1991 Super Bowl. "Whitney Houston was blessed with an astonishing vocal range and extraordinary technical skill, but what truly made her a great singer was her ability to connect with a song and drive home its drama and emotion with incredible precision," he stated. "She was a brilliant performer, and her live shows often eclipsed her studio recordings."[272]
Jon Caramanica of The New York Times commented, "Her voice was clean and strong, with barely any grit, well suited to the songs of love and aspiration. [...] Hers was a voice of triumph and achievement, and it made for any number of stunning, time-stopping vocal performances."[273] Mariah Carey stated, "She [Whitney] has a really rich, strong mid-belt that very few people have. She sounds really good, really strong."[274] While in her review of I Look to You, music critic Ann Powers of the Los Angeles Times writes, "[Houston's voice] stands like monuments upon the landscape of 20th century pop, defining the architecture of their times, sheltering the dreams of millions and inspiring the climbing careers of countless imitators", adding "When she was at her best, nothing could match her huge, clean, cool mezzo-soprano".[267]
Lauren Everitt from BBC News Magazine commented on melisma used in Houston's recording and its influence. "An early 'I' in Whitney Houston's 'I Will Always Love You' takes nearly six seconds to sing. In those seconds the former gospel singer-turned-pop star packs a series of different notes into the single syllable," stated Everitt. "The technique is repeated throughout the song, most pronouncedly on every 'I' and 'you'. The vocal technique is called melisma, and it has inspired a host of imitators. Other artists may have used it before Houston, but it was her rendition of Dolly Parton's love song that pushed the technique into the mainstream in the 90s. [...] But perhaps what Houston nailed best was moderation." Everitt said that "[i]n a climate of reality shows ripe with 'oversinging', it's easy to appreciate Houston's ability to save melisma for just the right moment".[275]
Houston's vocal stylings have had a significant impact on the music industry. She has been called the "Queen of Pop" for her influence during the 1990s, commercially rivaling Mariah Carey and Celine Dion.[276] Stephen Holden from The New York Times, in his review of Houston's Radio City Music Hall concert on July 20, 1993, praised her attitude as a singer, writing, "Whitney Houston is one of the few contemporary pop stars of whom it might be said: the voice suffices. While almost every performer whose albums sell in the millions calls upon an entertainer's bag of tricks, from telling jokes to dancing to circus pyrotechnics, Ms. Houston would rather just stand there and sing." With regard to her singing style, he added: "Her [Houston's] stylistic trademarks – shivery melismas that ripple up in the middle of a song, twirling embellishments at the ends of phrases that suggest an almost breathless exhilaration – infuse her interpretations with flashes of musical and emotional lightning."[277]
Elysa Gardner of the Los Angeles Times in her review for The Preacher's Wife Soundtrack praised Houston's vocal ability highly, commenting, "She is first and foremost a pop diva – at that, the best one we have. No other female pop star – not Mariah Carey, not Celine Dion, not Barbra Streisand – quite rivals Houston in her exquisite vocal fluidity and purity of tone, and her ability to infuse a lyric with mesmerizing melodrama."[278]
Influence[link]
During the 1980s, MTV was coming into its own and received criticism for not playing enough videos by black artists. With Michael Jackson breaking down the color barrier for black male artists, Houston did the same for black female artists. She became the first black female artist to receive heavy rotation on the network following the success of the "How Will I Know" video.[279] Following Houston's breakthrough, other African-American female artists, such as Janet Jackson and Anita Baker, were successful in popular music.[52][53] Baker commented that "Because of what Whitney and Sade did, there was an opening for me... For radio stations, black women singers aren't taboo anymore."[280]
Allmusic noted her contribution to the success of black artists on the pop scene, commenting, "Houston was able to handle big adult contemporary ballads, effervescent, stylish dance-pop, and slick urban contemporary soul with equal dexterity" and that "the result was an across-the-board appeal that was matched by scant few artists of her era, and helped her become one of the first black artists to find success on MTV in Michael Jackson's wake".[281] The New York Times stated that "Houston was a major catalyst for a movement within black music that recognized the continuity of soul, pop, jazz and gospel vocal traditions".[282] Richard Corliss of Time magazine commented on her initial success breaking various barriers:
Of her first album's ten cuts, six were ballads. This chanteuse [Houston] had to fight for air play with hard rockers. The young lady had to stand uncowed in the locker room of macho rock. The soul strutter had to seduce a music audience that anointed few black artists with superstardom. [...] She was a phenomenon waiting to happen, a canny tapping of the listener's yen for a return to the musical middle. And because every new star creates her own genre, her success has helped other blacks, other women, other smooth singers find an avid reception in the pop marketplace.[283]
Stephen Holden of The New York Times said that Houston "revitalized the tradition of strong gospel-oriented pop-soul singing".[284] Ann Powers of the Los Angeles Times referred to the singer as a "national treasure".[267] Jon Caramanica, other music critic of The New York Times, called Houston "R&B's great modernizer," adding "slowly but surely reconciling the ambition and praise of the church with the movements and needs of the body and the glow of the mainstream".[273] He also drew comparisons between Houston's influence and other big names' on 1980s pop:
She was, alongside Michael Jackson and Madonna, one of the crucial figures to hybridize pop in the 1980s, though her strategy was far less radical than that of her peers. Jackson and Madonna were by turns lascivious and brutish and, crucially, willing to let their production speak more loudly than their voices, an option Ms. Houston never went for. Also, she was less prolific than either of them, achieving most of her renown on the strength of her first three solo albums and one soundtrack, released from 1985 to 1992. If she was less influential than they were in the years since, it was only because her gift was so rare, so impossible to mimic. Jackson and Madonna built worldviews around their voices; Ms. Houston’s voice was the worldview. She was someone more to be admired, like a museum piece, than to be emulated.[273]
The Independent's music critic Andy Gill also wrote about Houston's influence on modern R&B and singing competitions, comparing it to Michael Jackson's. "Because Whitney, more than any other single artist ― Michael Jackson included ― effectively mapped out the course of modern R&B, setting the bar for standards of soul vocalese, and creating the original template for what we now routinely refer to as the 'soul diva'," stated Gill. "Jackson was a hugely talented icon, certainly, but he will be as well remembered (probably more so) for his presentational skills, his dazzling dance moves, as for his musical innovations. Whitney, on the other hand, just sang, and the ripples from her voice continue to dominate the pop landscape." Gill said that there "are few, if any, Jackson imitators on today's TV talent shows, but every other contestant is a Whitney wannabe, desperately attempting to emulate that wondrous combination of vocal effects – the flowing melisma, the soaring mezzo-soprano confidence, the tremulous fluttering that carried the ends of lines into realms of higher yearning".[285]
Houston was considered by many to be a "singer's singer", who had an influence on countless other vocalists, both female and male.[98][286] Similarly, Steve Huey from Allmusic wrote that the shadow of Houston's prodigious technique still looms large over nearly every pop diva and smooth urban soul singer – male or female – in her wake, and spawned a legion of imitators.[281] Rolling Stone, on her biography, stated that Houston "redefined the image of a female soul icon and inspired singers ranging from Mariah Carey to Rihanna".[287] Essence ranked Houston the fifth on their list of 50 Most Influential R&B Stars of all time, calling her "the diva to end all divas".[288]
A number of artists have acknowledged Houston as an influence, including Celine Dion,[289] Mariah Carey,[98] Toni Braxton,[290] Christina Aguilera,[291] LeAnn Rimes,[292] Jessica Simpson,[293] Nelly Furtado,[294][295] Kelly Clarkson, Britney Spears,[296] Ciara,[297] P!nk,[296] Ashanti,[298] Robin Thicke,[299] Jennifer Hudson, Stacie Orrico, Amerie,[300] and Destiny's Child.[296][301] Mariah Carey, who was often compared to Houston, said, "She [Houston] has been a big influence on me."[302] She later told USA Today that "none of us would sound the same if Aretha Franklin hadn't ever put out a record, or Whitney Houston hadn't."[303] Celine Dion who was the third member of the troika that dominated female pop singing in the 1990s, did a telephone interview with Good Morning America on February 13, 2012, telling "Whitney's been an amazing inspiration for me. I've been singing with her my whole career, actually. I wanted to have a career like hers, sing like her, look beautiful like her."[304] Beyoncé told the Globe and Mail that Houston "inspired [her] to get up there and do what [she] did".[305] She also wrote on her website on the day after Houston's death, "I, like every singer, always wanted to be just like [Houston]. Her voice was perfect. Strong but soothing. Soulful and classic. Her vibrato, her cadence, her control. So many of my life's memories are attached to a Whitney Houston song. She is our queen and she opened doors and provided a blueprint for all of us."[306]
Mary J. Blige said that Houston inviting her onstage during VH1's Divas Live show in 1999 "opened doors for [her] all over the world".[307] Brandy stated, "The first Whitney Houston CD was genius. That CD introduced the world to her angelic yet powerful voice. Without Whitney, half of this generation of singers wouldn't be singing."[308] Kelly Rowland, in an Ebony's feature article celebrating black music in June 2006, recalled that "[I] wanted to be a singer after I saw Whitney Houston on TV singing 'Greatest Love of All'. I wanted to sing like Whitney Houston in that red dress." She added that "And I have never, ever forgotten that song [Greatest Love of All]. I learned it backward, forward, sideways. The video still brings chills to me. When you wish and pray for something as a kid, you never know what blessings God will give you."[309]
Alicia Keys said "Whitney is an artist who inspired me from [the time I was] a little girl".[310] Oscar winner Jennifer Hudson cites Houston as her biggest musical influence. She told Newsday that she learned from Houston the "difference between being able to sing and knowing how to sing".[311] Leona Lewis, who has been called "the new Whitney Houston", also cites her as an influence. Lewis stated that she idolized her as a little girl.[312][313]
Awards and achievements[link]
Further information: List of awards and nominations received by Whitney Houston and Whitney Houston chart records and achievements
Houston was the most awarded female artist of all time, according to Guinness World Records,[1] with two Emmy Awards, six Grammy Awards, 30 Billboard Music Awards, 22 American Music Awards, among a total of 415 career awards as of 2010. She held the all-time record for the most American Music Awards of any female solo artist and shared the record with Michael Jackson for the most AMAs ever won in a single year with eight wins in 1994.[314] Houston won a record 11 Billboard Music Awards at its fourth ceremony in 1993.[315] She also had the record for the most WMAs won in a single year, winning five awards at the 6th World Music Awards in 1994.[316]
In May 2003, Houston placed at number three on VH1's list of "50 Greatest Women of the Video Era", behind Madonna and Janet Jackson.[317] She was also ranked at number 116 on their list of the "200 Greatest Pop Culture Icons of All Time".[318] In 2008, Billboard magazine released a list of the Hot 100 All-Time Top Artists to celebrate the US singles chart's 50th anniversary, ranking Houston at number nine.[319][320] Similarly, she was ranked as one of the "Top 100 Greatest Artists of All Time" by VH1 in September 2010.[321] In November 2010, Billboard released its "Top 50 R&B/Hip-Hop Artists of the Past 25 Years" list and ranked Houston at number three whom not only went on to earn eight number one singles on the R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart, but also landed five number ones on R&B/Hip-Hop Albums.[322]
Houston's debut album is listed as one of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time by Rolling Stone magazine[49] and is on Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's Definitive 200 list.[50] In 2004, Billboard picked the success of her first release on the charts as one of 110 Musical Milestones in its history.[323] Houston's entrance into the music industry is considered one of the 25 musical milestones of the last 25 years, according to USA Today in 2007. It stated that she paved the way for Mariah Carey's chart-topping vocal gymnastics.[51] In 1997, the Franklin School in East Orange, New Jersey was renamed to The Whitney E. Houston Academy School of Creative and Performing Arts. In 2001, Houston was the first artist to be given a BET Lifetime Achievement Award.[324]
Houston was one of the world's best-selling music artists, having sold over 200 million albums and singles worldwide.[2][3] She was ranked as the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States by the Recording Industry Association of America, with 55 million certified albums sold in the US.[216][325]
She held an Honorary Doctorate in Humanities from Grambling State University, Louisiana.[326]
Discography[link]
Main articles: Whitney Houston discography and Whitney Houston videography
- Studio Albums
- 1985: Whitney Houston
- 1987: Whitney
- 1990: I'm Your Baby Tonight
- 1998: My Love Is Your Love
- 2002: Just Whitney
- 2009: I Look to You
- Holiday Albums
Filmography[link]
| Year | Title | Role | Notes and awards |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1992 | The Bodyguard | Rachel Marron | Feature film
|
| 1995 | Waiting to Exhale | Savannah Jackson | Feature film
|
| 1996 | The Preacher's Wife | Julia Biggs | Feature film
|
| 1997 | Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella | Fairy Godmother | Made-for-television film, part of a revival of the Wonderful World of Disney.[335]
|
| 2012 | Sparkle | Emma | Posthumous release |
| Year | Title | Network | Role | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1984 | Gimme a Break! | NBC | Rita | "Katie's College" (Season 3, Episode 20, air date: March 15, 1984)[338] |
| As the World Turns | CBS | Herself | Houston appeared on the soap on August 1–2, 1984, with Jermaine Jackson singing two duets off a new album he was releasing at the time: "Take Good Care of My Heart" and "Nobody Loves Me Like You Do." They taped their appearance on July 25 at CBS Studios in New York City. | |
| 1985 | Silver Spoons | NBC | Herself | "Head Over Heels" (Season 4, Episode 1, air date: September 15, 1985)[338] She performed the edited version of "Saving All My Love for You", changing some of the words. |
| 2002 | Boston Public | Fox | Herself | She performed "Try It On My Own" from the 2002 studio album Just Whitney. |
| Year | Company | Promoting | Country | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1983 | Dr Pepper/Seven Up | Canada Dry (soft drink beverage) |
United States |
|
| 1986 | Coca-Cola | Diet Coke (soft drink beverage) |
United States | |
| 1988 | Coca-Cola | Diet Coke (soft drink beverage) |
United States |
|
| 1989 | Sanyo | Electronics (the stereo, TV) |
Japan |
|
| 1994/ 1995 |
AT&T | Telephone services | United States | |
| 1999 | Nissin | Consumer credit business | Japan |
|
| Year | Title | Director | Notes and awards |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1997 | Rodgers & Hammerstein's Cinderella | Robert Iscove | Executive producer[350]
|
| 2001 | The Princess Diaries | Garry Marshall | Producer[351]
|
| 2003 | The Cheetah Girls | Oz Scott | Producer[356] |
| 2004 | The Princess Diaries 2: Royal Engagement | Garry Marshall | Producer[357] |
| 2006 | The Cheetah Girls 2: When in Spain | Kenny Ortega | Co-executive producer[358] |
Tours[link]
Main article: List of Whitney Houston tours and concerts
http://wn.com/Whitney_Houston
Related pages:
http://de.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://es.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://ru.wn.com/Хьюстон, Уитни
http://cs.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://pt.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://pl.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://hi.wn.com/व्हिटनी ह्यूस्टन
http://it.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://id.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://nl.wn.com/Whitney Houston
http://fr.wn.com/Whitney Houston
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitney_Houston
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Diane Sawyer | |
|---|---|
 Sawyer at the 2011 Tribeca Film Festival premiere of Jesus Henry Christ |
|
| Born | Lila Diane Sawyer (1945-12-22) December 22, 1945 (age 66) Glasgow, Kentucky, United States |
| Education | Wellesley College, B.A., 1967 |
| Occupation | Television journalist |
| Years active | 1962–present |
| Spouse | Mike Nichols (m. 1988–present) |
| Website | |
| http://abcnews.go.com/WN/DianeSawyer/diane-sawyers-biography/story?id=9380180 | |
Lila Diane Sawyer (born December 22, 1945) is the current anchor of ABC News' flagship program, ABC World News. Previously, Sawyer had been co-anchor of ABC News's morning news program, Good Morning America (GMA).
Contents |
Early life and education[link]
Born in Glasgow, Kentucky, Diane Sawyer is the daughter of Jean W. Sawyer – an elementary school teacher – and Erbon Powers "Tom" Sawyer, a judge.[1] Soon after her birth, her family moved to Louisville, Kentucky, where her father rose to local prominence as a Republican politician and community leader; he was Kentucky's Jefferson County Judge/Executive when he was killed in a car accident on Louisville's Interstate 64 in 1969. E. P. "Tom" Sawyer State Park, located in the Frey's Hill area of Louisville, is named in his honor.
Sawyer attended Seneca High School in the Buechel area of Louisville. In 1963, she won the "America's Junior Miss" scholarship pageant as a representative from the State of Kentucky.
During the period from 1962–1965, Sawyer was "America's Junior Miss" touring the country to promote the Coca-Cola Pavilion at the 1964-1965 New York World's Fair.
In 1967, she received a Bachelor of Arts degree with a major in English from Wellesley College in Wellesley, Massachusetts. There, she was a member of the Wellesley College Blue Notes, an a capella group and Phi Sigma Lecture Society. She attended one semester of law school at the University of Louisville before turning to journalism.
Career[link]
Sawyer began her professional career in Republican Party politics. In 1970, White House Press Secretary Ron Ziegler hired her to serve in the administration of U.S. President Richard Nixon. Sawyer continued through Nixon's resignation from the presidency in 1974 and worked on the Nixon-Ford transition team in 1974–1975, after which she decamped with Nixon to California and helped him write his memoirs, published in 1978. She also helped prepare Nixon for his famous set of television interviews with journalist David Frost in 1977.[2]
Years later, Sawyer would be suspected of being Deep Throat, the source of leaks of classified information to journalist Bob Woodward during the Watergate scandal. In 2005 Deep Throat was identified as W. Mark Felt, but prior to that, Rabbi Baruch Korff – a longtime Nixon confidant and defender known as "Nixon's rabbi" – said on his deathbed that he believed Sawyer was Deep Throat. Sawyer laughed it off, and she was one of six people to request and receive a public denial from Woodward.[3][4]
In 1978, Sawyer joined CBS News as a political correspondent and became a co-anchor, with Bill Kurtis, of the CBS Morning News in 1981. In 1984, she became a correspondent for 60 Minutes, a CBS News investigative television newsmagazine; she remained for five years.
In 1989, she moved to ABC News to co-anchor newsmagazine Primetime Live, with Sam Donaldson. From 1998 to 2000, she would become a co-anchor for ABC's 20/20, also a newsmagazine, co-anchoring on Wednesdays with Donaldson and on Sundays with Barbara Walters.
In 1999, Sawyer returned to morning news (GMA) as the co-anchor of GMA with Charles Gibson. The assignment was putatively temporary, but her success in the position, measured by a close in the gap with front-runner Today, NBC News's morning program, sustained her in the position far longer than anticipated. The GMA program has never regained the lost viewers, nor beaten its early morning competition since Joan Lunden retired after 17 years as co-host in 1997. On September 2, 2009, she was announced as the successor to Gibson, who retired as ABC World News anchor on Friday, December 18, 2009. She left GMA on December 11, 2009, and was scheduled to become the ABC World News anchor in January 2010. However, on December 1, 2009, The New York Times reported that instead of moving to ABC World News in January 2010, Sawyer would start on December 21, 2009, three days after Gibson's departure .[5] For over a year in 2010–2011 with Katie Couric then anchor of CBS News, two of the three network news anchors on broadcast television were women.[6] Ratings jumped 8% for 60 days after her first four weeks, averaging 8.8 million viewers.[7] She signs off at the end of her nightly broadcast with "I'll see you right back here tomorrow night." The show, like its competitor evening newscasts, ended the year with ratings 14% below that of the preceding year.
Career timeline[link]
- 1967–1970: WLKY-TV news and weather reporter
- 1970–1974: White House press aide
- 1974–1978: Literary assistant to former President Richard Nixon
- 1981–1984: CBS Morning News anchor
- 1984–1989: 60 Minutes correspondent[8][9]
- 1989–1998, since 2000: Primetime Live co-anchor[8][9]
- 1998–2000: 20/20 co-anchor[9]
- January 1999 – December 11, 2009: Good Morning America co-anchor
- December 21, 2009 – present: ABC World News anchor[5]
Recognition[link]
In 2001 she was named one of the thirty most-powerful women in America by the Ladies' Home Journal. In 2007 she ranked 62nd on "Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women". She has won multiple awards, including a 2009 Peabody Award for her work on A Hidden America: Children of the Mountains.[10]
Notable interviews (selected)[link]
Sawyer has interviewed many political figures including U.S. Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama. She conducted the first interview with U.S. President Bill Clinton and First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton after his first election to the presidency in 1992.[8]
On February 12, 2007, she interviewed Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad. Her interview[clarification needed] with Iraqi President Saddam Hussein was his first Western television interview in a decade.
On November 14, 2011, Diane secured another exclusive by being the first person to interview Congresswoman Gabrielle Giffords, ten months after she survived an assassination attempt. Sawyer spent the day with the wounded politician and her husband, Mark Kelly and observed her during a speech therapy session. Diane since told People Magazine, "Of all the people I've interviewed, she's right there at the top." Diane's comment about Gabby
She has also interviewed:
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She was allowed to take a special tour of North Korea.[clarification needed]
From the entertainment world, Sawyer has interviewed, especially as a host of GMA:
|
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Sawyer also interviewed drug kingpin Rayful Edmond III of Washington, D.C., in 1989 and once again in 1997 on 60 Minutes.[citation needed][clarification needed]
Personal life[link]
On April 29, 1988, she and Mike Nichols, a film director, were married. They have no children. Nichols has 3 from previous marriages: Daisy, born in 1964; Max, born in 1974; and Jenny, born in 1977. Sawyer had previously had relationships with Frank Gannon, a Nixon aide, and Richard Holbrooke, a U.S diplomat.[12] Forbes reported that she made $12 million in 2005.[13]
References[link]
- ^ [verification needed]"Diane Sawyer Biography (1955?-)". filmreference.com. http://www.filmreference.com/film/38/Diane-Sawyer.html. Retrieved September 17, 2009.
- ^ Sherr, Lynn (December 6, 2008). "Diane Sawyer on Fact vs. Fiction in Frost/Nixon — The Good Morning America Host—Who Worked for Richard Nixon at the Time of His Interview with David Frost—Talks with The Daily Beast about Her Memories of Her Ex-Boss.". Blog at The Daily Beast. Accessed December 12, 2009.
- ^ [dead link]Carlin, John (June 28, 1995). "Dying Rabbi 'Names' Watergate's 'Deep Throat'". FindArticles (The Independent). http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_19950628/ai_n13991211/pg_1?tag=artBody;col1. Retrieved January 10, 2009.
- ^ Staff writer (June 17, 2002). "Just Who is Deep Throat?". CNN. http://archives.cnn.com/2002/ALLPOLITICS/06/17/deep.throat.facts/. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
- ^ a b Stelter, Brian; Carter, Bill (December 1, 2009). "ABC Plans Low-Key Handoff for ‘World News’". Blog at The New York Times. http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/12/01/in-a-low-key-hand-off-abcs-gibson-to-depart-on-dec-11/. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
- ^ [dead link]Bauder, David (September 2, 2009). "Sawyer to Take Over as Anchor of ABC Evening News". The Associated Press via Yahoo! News. http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/20090902/ap_on_en_tv/us_abc_gibson. Retrieved September 16, 2009. [dead link]
- ^ Diane Sawyer sees 8 percent boost in ratings as ABC's 'World News' anchor, Sherryl Connelly, New York Daily News, January 25, 2010
- ^ a b c Staff writer (April 26, 2007). "Diane Sawyer's Biography — Anchor, Good Morning America. ABC News. Accessed December 12, 2009.
- ^ a b c Staff writer (undated). "Diane Sawyer". Internet Movie Database. Accessed December 12, 2009.
- ^ COMPLETE LIST OF RECIPIENTS OF THE 69th ANNUAL PEABODY AWARDS
- ^ http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20089065,00.html
- ^ Howard, Margo (November 5, 1984). "60 Minutes' Newest Correspondent, Diane Sawyer — It Doesn't Take America's No. 1 Ex-Weathergirl to Know That the Wind Is Blowing Onward and Upward for 60 Minutes' Newest Correspondent". People. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20089065,00.html. Retrieved December 12, 2009.
- ^ Forbes. http://www.forbes.com/lists/2006/53/AU0O.html.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Diane Sawyer |
- "Diane Sawyer Biography — Anchor, Good Morning America", at ABC News, dated December 19, 2009. (Accessed December 21, 2009).
- Diane Sawyer at the Internet Movie Database
| Media offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Charles Gibson |
ABC World News anchor December 21, 2009–present |
Succeeded by Incumbent |
| Preceded by Kevin Newman and Lisa McRee |
Good Morning America co-anchor January 18, 1999–December 11, 2009 with Charles Gibson (from January 18, 1999 to June 28, 2006), and Robin Roberts (from May 23, 2005 to December 11, 2009) |
Succeeded by George Stephanopoulos and Robin Roberts |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Sawyer, Diane |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American journalist |
| Date of birth | December 22, 1945 |
| Place of birth | Glasgow, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Diane_Sawyer
Related pages:
http://fr.wn.com/Diane Sawyer
http://pt.wn.com/Diane Sawyer
http://de.wn.com/Diane Sawyer
http://it.wn.com/Diane Sawyer
http://id.wn.com/Diane Sawyer
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diane_Sawyer
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
