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Big 12 Conference (Big 12)
Big 12 Conference logo
Established	1996
Association	NCAA
Division	Division I FBS
Members	10
Sports fielded	(men's: 10; women's: 11)
Region	West South Central States, Midwest Appalachia (West Virginia)
Headquarters	Irving, Texas
Commissioner	Chuck Neinas (interim) (2011–present) Bob Bowlsby (beginning June 15)
Website	big12sports.com
Locations

The Big 12 Conference is a college athletic conference of ten schools located in the Central United States, with its headquarters located in Las Colinas, a community in the Dallas, Texas suburb of Irving. It is a member of the NCAA's Division I for all sports; its football teams compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS; formerly Division I-A), the higher of two levels of NCAA Division I football competition. Member schools are located in Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma and Texas, with a future member in West Virginia.

According to the Big 12 Conference's website, the alternate names "Big Twelve" and "Big XII" are incorrect. The trademarked name of the conference is Big 12 Conference, notwithstanding the Roman numeral XII featured on the conference logo.^[1]

History[link]

The conference was officially formed on February 25, 1994,^[2] when four schools in Texas from the Southwest Conference joined the Big Eight Conference.^[3] Three months later, the schools decided to name the newly formed conference the Big 12 Conference.^[3] Athletic competition in the conference commenced on August 31, 1996. Although at the time of its formation the Big 12 was composed of the old Big Eight plus the four Texas schools, it regards itself as a separate conference, not an enlarged Big Eight, and it does not claim the Big Eight's history as its own. However, several college sports history sources consider both conferences as a single continuous operation dating to 1907.

From the conference's formation until the 2010–11 season, the Big 12 was split into two divisions for most major sports. The Oklahoma and Texas schools made up the South Division, and the remaining six former Big Eight Conference teams constituted the North Division. In the 2010–12 NCAA conference realignment, the Big 12 was arguably the most heavily impacted all-sports conference. First the University of Colorado at Boulder announced its plans to join the Pacific-12 Conference, and then later the University of Nebraska–Lincoln accepted an invitation for the Big Ten Conference. This effectively forced the discontinuation of the divisional format, because the NCAA only allows football playoffs in conferences with at least twelve teams. The Conference retained the "Big 12" name and logo despite dropping to ten teams,^[4] a decision ostensibly similar to the Big Ten Conference's choice to keep its name after its membership increased first to eleven and then to twelve.

Membership[link]

Current[link]

Future[link]

Former[link]

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Full members Other Conference

Conference instability and realignment[link]

Locations of the Big 12 Conference full-member institutions in 2012-13, including future members Texas Christian and West Virginia and excluding departing members Missouri and Texas A&M.

2010[link]

In May 2010, American intercollegiate sports news became rife with speculation that the Big 12 Conference was on the verge of dissolution, including rumors of dividing the teams largely between the Pac-10 and Big Ten conferences. This was a result of the conference being unable to come to an agreement on equal revenue sharing in the conference. Nebraska, Texas, Texas A&M, and Oklahoma objected to equal sharing according to Dan Beebe. In 2011, after being fired by the Big 12, Beebe was quoted as saying "Nebraska was one of the biggest objectors of equal revenue rights, and their president Harvey Perlman said that."^[16] In 2011, after being fired by the Big 12, Beebe said in a phone interview with The Associated Press that Oklahoma, Nebraska and even Texas A&M were interested in "developing their own distribution systems" for their sports programs.^[17]

In May 2010, the Conference's collapse seemed imminent amid rampant speculation that teams were defecting to various conference.^[18] Colorado was eying the Pac-12. Nebraska was eying the Big Ten. The Big 10 considered Texas a possibility.^[19] Texas, Texas A&M, Texas Tech, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State, and Colorado were talking with the Pac-10.^[20] Baylor wanted in on the Pac-10 action as well, and was willing to use political leverage.^[21]

On June 10, Colorado accepted an invitation to become the Pac-10's eleventh member for fear that Baylor would force its way into the Pac-10 at the expense of Colorado, effective in 2012.^[22][23] The school later negotiated a settlement with the Big 12 to leave on July 1, 2011. The following day (June 11), Nebraska applied for membership in the Big Ten Conference and was unanimously accepted, becoming the Big Ten's twelfth member, effective July 1, 2011.^[24] The Conference's collapse appeared imminent in the immediate aftermath of Colorado and Nebraska's departure as Texas, Texas A&M, Texas Tech, Oklahoma, and Oklahoma State were reportedly close to accepting invitations to join the Pac-10. However, on June 14, the five schools announced that they had decided to stay in the Big 12 after apparently agreeing to an eleventh-hour deal to save the conference.^[25] The decisions, which reportedly came after furious lobbying by five of the remaining schools (Baylor, Iowa State, Kansas, Kansas State, and Missouri) and intervention by athletic directors around the country who were concerned about the prospect of a 16-team "superconference", were driven by a restructured revenue sharing agreement and the promise of a lucrative new television deal.^[26] As part of the deal, Texas was permitted to launch its own television network, the Longhorn Network, which would broadcast Texas Longhorn sporting events including non-conference football games and at least one conference football game. Additionally, Texas A&M and Oklahoma ended contact with the Southeastern Conference who had been pursuing both schools as potential candidates if their conference decided to expand past 12 members.^[27]

On June 16, 2010, Texas state lawmakers Garnet Coleman and Bill Callegari, both from the Houston area, co-wrote a letter asking Big 12 officials to consider adding the University of Houston (currently in Conference USA) to the conference.^[28]

2011[link]

Texas A&M[link]

In August 2011, Texas A&M announced plans to apply to join another unspecified conference.^[29] Texas A&M's desire to leave the Big 12 Conference was reportedly driven both by concern about conference stability and also by arch rival Texas' Longhorn Network and concerns that this network would give Texas an unfair advantage in recruiting and other aspects of competition.^[30] On September 2, David Boren, president of the University of Oklahoma, announced that his school was actively reevaulating its conference membership.^[31] Several days later, Southeastern Conference officials voted to accept Texas A&M as its thirteenth member,^[32] conditional upon a reaffirmation that the remaining Big 12 schools would not pursue legal action to block the move.^[33] Several schools refused to waive their rights to pursue legal action against the Southeastern Conference for tortious interference,^[34] with Baylor actively threatening a lawsuit.^[31] However on September 25, the SEC announced that Texas A&M was being accepted unconditionally regardless of legal threats from Baylor. Texas A&M will officially join the SEC on July 1, 2012.^[35] As part of the settlement of the exit, the Big 12 Conference will withhold $12.4 million of the revenue the Big 12 Conference would have shared with Texas A&M.^[36] Texas A&M will still receive a portion of the revenue from the recently signed contract between the Big 12 Conference and Fox Sports.^[36]

The Big 12 Conference said it would form a committee to replace Texas A&M with at least one other school.^[29] The Boards of Regents of Oklahoma, Oklahoma State, and Texas all authorized their presidents to make decisions related to conference alignment.^[37] These three schools, along with Texas Tech, were reportedly considering applying to the Pacific-12 Conference,^[38] while the remaining schools entered talks with the Big East football schools to potentially combine conferences.^[39] Further realignment was temporarily halted on September 20, when the Pac-12 reiterated its desire to remain a twelve-team conference.^[40] There was another step towards conference stability on October 5, 2011, when the Big 12 Conference agreed to equally distribute Tier I and II television revenues.^[41]

Texas Christian University[link]

On October 6, the Big 12 Conference Board of Directors, acting upon a unanimous recommendation of the expansion committee, authorized negotiations with Texas Christian University to become a member of the Conference even though the university had already agreed to join the Big East Conference.^[42] A Big 12 official named Brigham Young University and the University of Louisville as other candidates for expansion.^[43][44] On October 10, Texas Christian University's Board of Trustees voted to accept the invitation from the Big 12 Conference; the school will join the conference on July 1, 2012. TCU had been a member of the Southwest Conference, one of the original constituent conferences that were incorporated into what became the Big 12 (along with the Big 8 Conference) and has long and historical rivalries with a number of Big 12 schools, particularly Texas Tech, the University of Texas, and Baylor, with whom TCU has played one of the longest ongoing series in the nation, dating back to 1899. They have played 107 times and the series is tied 50–50–7.^[45]

West Virginia University[link]

On October 28, West Virginia University accepted an invitation to join the Big 12 Conference, effective the 2012 season.^[46] West Virginia University gave notice of its intent to the Big East Conference, its current conference.^[47] Because the Big East Conference requires 27 months of notice prior to withdrawal, Big East Commissioner John Marinatto said that West Virginia University may not leave before July 1, 2014.^[47]

West Virginia University filed a lawsuit to declare invalid the withdrawal-notice requirement stipulated in the Big East Conference's bylaws.^[48][49] The lawsuit alleges that the Big East Conference breached its fiduciary duty by allowing several football-playing members to depart, causing the conference to no longer be a major football conference and jeopardizing the conference's continued existence.^[50][51] West Virginia University alleges that its continued performance under its contract has become unreasonably burdensome and that its original purpose in entering into the contract has been eliminated.^[52] West Virginia University also believes that its notice to withdraw in 2012 was indeed accepted when the Big East Conference accepted its payment of half the $5 million withdrawal penalty.^[52] Marinatto denied the allegations.^[53] The Big East Conference filed a lawsuit against West Virginia University, alleging that West Virginia University breached its contract by withdrawing from the conference without 27 months of notice.^[54][55] West Virginia University's request for dismissal of the Big East's lawsuit was denied. The Big East Conference's lawsuit was scheduled to begin being argued in court on April 11, 2012.^[56]

On February 14, 2012, West Virginia University announced that it had settled^[57] its lawsuit with the Big East Conference, clearing the final hurdle for West Virginia University to join the Big 12 Conference in time for the 2012 season.^[58] While terms of the settlement were kept confidential, West Virginia University's athletic director said that the settlement will be paid only from private donations and money the athletes raise themselves.^[58] According to an anonymous source, the Big East Conference will be paid 20 million dollars, of which 11 million will be paid by West Virginia University and 9 million by the Big 12 Conference.^[59] The $2.5 million exit fee that West Virginia University paid to the Big East Conference in October 2011 will be counted towards the settlement.^[60] The Big East Conference owes West Virginia University revenue-sharing money for the 2011-2012 school year; this money will not be paid to West Virginia and instead will be applied towards the settlement with West Virginia making up any difference.^[60]

University of Missouri[link]

On October 4, 2011, University of Missouri's Board of Curators authorized the school's president to explore applying to other conferences.^[61] On October 11, interim Big 12 Conference Commissioner Chuck Neinas said Missouri will remain in the Big 12 Conference for the 2012 season.^[62] Missouri inched closer to leaving on October 21 when its Board of Curators authorized Chancellor Brady Deaton to move the school out of the Big 12 Conference if it is in the school's best interest.^[63] On October 28, the Big 12 Conference's press release announcing its invitation to West Virginia University hinted at Missouri's imminent departure, as the school was not listed among the "expected" ten members for the 2012–13 school year.^[64]

On November 6, Missouri announced that it would join the Southeastern Conference effective July 1, 2012.^[65] Missouri will compete in the conference's East division. As compensation for the departure, the Big 12 Conference will withhold $12.4 million of the revenue it would have shared with Missouri, and Missouri will not share the revenue from the recently signed contract between the Big 12 Conference and Fox Sports.^[36] Missouri will also pay the Big 12 Conference for its share of officiating costs of its final year in the conference, as it has done in prior years, an estimated payment of $500,000.^[36]

Endowments[link]

• Texas (System-wide) - $17.1 billion^[66]
• Texas A&M (System-wide) - $7.0 billion^[66]
• Kansas (System-wide) - $1.3 billion^[66]
• Oklahoma - $1.2 billion^[66]
• Missouri (System-wide) - 1.1 billion^[66]
• Baylor - $1.0 billion^[66]
• Texas Tech (System-wide) - $891 million^[66]
• Oklahoma State - $682 million^[66]
• Iowa State - $612 million^[66]
• Kansas State - $338 million^[66]

Conference facilities[link]

Commissioners[link]

Big 12 Conference Commissioners

• Charles Martin Dobbs (1994-1995) interim^{[citation needed]}
• Steven J. Hatchell (1995 – 1998)^[85][86]
• Dave Martin (interim) (1998)^[86]
• Kevin Weiberg (Dec. 4, 1998–2007)^[87]
• Dan Beebe (2007–2011)^[88]
• Chuck Neinas (2011–present) interim^[89]
• Bob Bowlsby (beginning June 15, 2012)^[90]

Revenue[link]

The Big 12 Conference distributes revenue, mostly collected from television contracts, bowl games, the NCAA, merchandise, licensing, and conference-hosted sporting events, annually to member institutions.^[92] From 1996 to 2011, 57 percent of all distributed revenue was allotted equally; with the other 43 percent distributed based upon the number of football and men's basketball television appearances and other factors.^[93][94] The 2011 annual meeting of the conference resulted in a distribution of 76 percent equal allotment and 24 percent based on television appearances. Changing the revenue-sharing arrangement requires a unanimous vote; as a Big 12 member, Nebraska had withheld support for more equitable revenue distribution.^[93]

With this exposure-based revenue-sharing model, larger schools in the conference, such as the University of Texas, can receive more revenue because television channels will schedule such schools more frequently than smaller schools that may have less national audience appeal. In 2006, for example, Texas received $10.2 million, 44% more than Baylor University's $7.1 million.^{[citation needed]}

Compared to other conferences, the Big 12's revenue is low for a BCS conference; this is due in part to television contracts signed with Fox Sports Net (four years for $48 million) and ABC/ESPN (eight years for $480 million) that are set to expire in 2012 and 2016, respectively. In comparison, the Southeastern Conference collects four times as much per year, an estimated $3 billion over 15 year from its contracts with ESPN and CBS.^[95]

Sports[link]

As of the current 2011–12 academic year, the conference sponsors championships in the following sports: baseball (m), basketball (m,w), cross-country (m,w), equestrian (w), football (m), golf (m,w), gymnastics (w), rowing (w), soccer (w), softball (w), swimming and diving (m,w), tennis (m,w), track and field (m,w), volleyball (w), wrestling (m). The most recently added sports were equestrian and rowing, previously unofficial sports, which will make their debut as fully sponsored sports with official championships in 2011-12.^[4]

Among the sponsored sports, all ten universities participate in 12 sports, while the following sports do not have full participation:

• 9 schools participate in volleyball (Oklahoma State does not)^[96]
• 9 schools participate in women's soccer (Kansas State does not)^[97]
• 9 schools participate in baseball^[98] (Iowa State does not)^[83]
• 9 schools participate in softball (Kansas State does not)^[99]
• 6 schools participate in men's tennis (Baylor, Oklahoma, Oklahoma State, Texas, Texas A&M, and Texas Tech)^[100]
• 5 schools participate in women's swimming and diving (Kansas, Iowa State, Missouri, Texas, and Texas A&M)^[101]
• 4 schools participate in equestrian (Baylor, Kansas State, Oklahoma State, and Texas A&M)^[102]
• 4 schools participate in rowing (Kansas, Kansas State, Oklahoma, and Texas). Previously, those schools competed as affiliate members of Conference USA.^[103]
• 4 schools participate in wrestling (Iowa State, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Oklahoma State)^[104]
• 3 schools participate in gymnastics (Iowa State, Missouri, and Oklahoma) ^[105]
• 3 schools participate in men's swimming and diving (Missouri, Texas, and Texas A&M) ^[101]

Note: Future member TCU will not participate in Softball, Rowing, Wrestling, and Gymnastics, while West Virginia will not participate in Softball, Men's Tennis, and Equestrian.

Football[link]

From 1996-2010, Big 12 Conference teams played eight conference games a season. Each team faced all five opponents within its own division and three teams from the opposite division. Inter-divisional play was a "three-on, three-off" system, where teams would play three teams from the other division on a home-and-home basis for two seasons, and then play the other three foes from the opposite side for a two-year home-and-home.^{[citation needed]}

This format came under considerable criticism, especially from fans at Nebraska and Oklahoma, who were denied a yearly matchup between two of college football's most storied programs.^{[citation needed]} The Nebraska-Oklahoma rivalry was one of the most intense rivalries in college football history.^{[citation needed]} (Until 2006, the teams had never met in the Big 12 Championship.) Due to the departure of Nebraska and Colorado in 2011, the Big 12 eliminated the divisions (and championship game) and instituted a nine-game round-robin.^{[citation needed]}

Championship Game[link]

The Big 12 Championship Game was held by the Big 12 Conference each year. The idea of having a championship game was voted on at a Big 12 Conference meeting; Nebraska voted against, while the other schools voted in favor.^[106] The championship game pitted the Big 12 North Division champion against the Big 12 South Division champion in a game held after the regular season has been completed. The first championship game was held during the 1996 season. Since the 1996 season, most football championship games were held at Arrowhead Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri. The final game was played in Cowboys Stadium in Arlington, Texas, which had also hosted the previous games, with the Oklahoma Sooners defeating the Nebraska Cornhuskers 23-20.^[107] In 2010, the Big 12 Conference decided to move the location of the championship game to Dallas for 2011, 2012, and 2013.^[108] This became moot for the 2011 season because NCAA only allows conferences with at least twelve teams to hold a conference championship game; as the Big 12 Conference has ten teams as of 2011, the conference will not have a championship game in 2011.^[109]

Bowl games[link]

^{[citation needed]}

Rivalries[link]

The Big 12 Conference has many rivalries among its member schools, primarily in football. Most of the rivalries existed before the Big 12 was established. The Kansas-Missouri rivalry is the longest running in the Big 12, the longest running west of the Mississippi, and 2nd longest running in college football, being played for 119 years; however the Oklahoma-Texas rivalry is also unique, as it was a major rivalry decades before the two schools were in the same conference. Some of the longstanding football rivalries between Big 12 schools include:

Other notable series[link]

• Baylor v. Texas - The series began in 1901 and has been played 100 times, including annually since 1946.^[112]

Men's basketball[link]

From 1996-2011, standings in conference play were combined and not split among divisions, the schedule was structured as if the schools were split into two divisions. Teams played a home-and-home against teams within its division and a single game against teams from the opposite division for a total of 16 conference games. This denied Oklahoma and Oklahoma State, formerly in the Big Eight, two games a season against their opponents from that former conference, but did allow most of the other traditional rivalries to be played home-and-home. However, after the departures of Nebraska and Colorado, Big 12 play transitioned to an 18-game, double round robin schedule, allowing Oklahoma and Oklahoma State to once again play their former Big 8 rivals twice each season, in addition to adding second annual games to lucrative, nationally prominent series like Texas-Kansas.^[113]

Big 12 men's basketball champions[link]

Kansas has the most Big 12 regular season titles, winning or sharing the title 12 times in the league's 16 seasons. The 2002 Kansas team became the first, and so far, only team to complete an undefeated Big XII regular season, going 16-0. Kansas has won or shared 8 straight league titles and 10 of the past 11. Kansas has won the most Big 12 postseason titles as well, winning 8 out of 16. However, Missouri was the most recent Big 12 Tournament champion, winning the 2012 edition of the tournament, the Tigers' final appearance in the event before leaving for the SEC.

In 2005, Oklahoma won the post-season tournament seeding tiebreaker over Kansas based on their 71-63 home victory over the Jayhawks.^{[114][dead link]}

In 2006, Texas won the post-season tournament seeding tiebreaker over Kansas based on their 80-55 home victory over the Jayhawks.^{[115][dead link]}

In 2008, Texas won the post-season tournament seeding tiebreaker over Kansas based on their 72-69 home victory over the Jayhawks.^[116]

Big 12 in the NCAA tournament[link]

• Through 2012 Final Four

^{[citation needed]}

*Includes Missouri's 1994 NCAA tournament Elite Eight run that was later vacated by the NCAA.

Big 12 men's basketball programs all time[link]

^{[citation needed]}

• Through the end of the 2008-09 season

Big 12 Cumulative Conference Record (1996-97 to 2009-10)[link]

^{[citation needed]}

Records do not include conference tournament games, only regular season conference games

Baseball[link]

The top 8 teams compete in the conference tournament at the conclusion of each season. Iowa State has not sponsored baseball since dropping its intercollegiate program after the 2001 season.^{[citation needed]}

By school[link]

^{[citation needed]}

• As of the end of the 2012 tournament.

National championships[link]

The following is a list of all NCAA championships won by teams that were representing the Big 12 Conference in NCAA-recognized sports at the time of their championship^[5][6]

National team titles by institution[link]

School - Number - NCAA Championships

• Oklahoma State - 50 - NCAA(50)^[117]
• Texas - 48 - NCAA(40)^[117]
• Oklahoma - 26 - NCAA(19)^[117]
• Iowa State - 19 - NCAA(13)^[117]
• Texas A&M - 13 - NCAA(11)^[117]
• Kansas - 12 - NCAA(10)^[117]
• Baylor - 3 - NCAA(2)^[117]
• Missouri - 2 - NCAA(2)^[117]
• Texas Tech - 1 - NCAA(1)^[117]
• Kansas State - 0 - NCAA(0)^[117]

NCAA Championships as of June 2011

Football, Helms and AIAW titles are not included in the NCAA Championship count.

Conference champions[link]

The Big 12 Conference sponsors 23 sports, 10 men's and 13 women's.^[118]

In football, divisional titles were awarded based on regular-season conference results, with the teams with the best conference records from the North and South playing in the Big 12 Championship Game for the Big 12 title from 1996-2010. Baseball, basketball, softball, tennis, and women's soccer titles are awarded in both regular-season and tournament play. Cross country, golf, gymnastics, swimming and diving, track and field, and wrestling titles are awarded during an annual meet of participating teams. The volleyball title is awarded based on regular-season play.^{[citation needed]}

Big 12 Conference titles by school[link]

As of May 3, 2012. List includes both regular-season, tournament titles, and co-championships. List does not include conference championships won prior to the formation of the Big 12 Conference in 1996.^[119]

Current members[link]

• Texas - 115 (122 including 7 football division championships)^[119]
• Texas A&M - 53 (56 including 3 football division championships)^[119]
• Baylor - 47^[119]
• Oklahoma State - 44 (44 including 1 football division championship)^[119]
• Oklahoma - 39 (47 including 8 football division championships)^[119]
• Kansas - 25 (25 including 1 football division championship)^[119]
• Iowa State - 12 (13 including 1 football division championship)^[119]
• Texas Tech - 12 (13 including 1 football division championship)^[119]
• Missouri - 9 (12 including 3 football division championships)^[119]
• Kansas State - 7 (11 including 4 football division championships)^[119]

Former members[link]

• Nebraska - 71 (80 including 9 football division championships)^[119]
• Colorado - 27 (31 including 4 football division championships)^[119]

Notes[link]

References[link]