''Alternaria'' is a genus of ascomycete fungi. ''Alternaria'' species are known as major plant pathogens. They are also common allergens in humans, growing indoors and causing hay fever or hypersensitivity reactions that sometimes lead to asthma. They readily cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised people such as AIDS patients.
There are 299 species in the genus; they are ubiquitous in the environment and are a natural part of fungal flora almost everywhere. They are normal agents of decay and decomposition. The spores are airborne and found in the soil and water, as well as indoors and on objects. The club-shaped spores are single or form long chains. They can grow thick colonies which are usually black or gray.
At least 20% of agricultural spoilage is caused by ''Alternaria'' species. Many human health disorders can be caused by these fungi, which grow on skin and mucous membranes, including on the eyeballs and within the respiratory tract. Allergies are common, but serious infections are rare, except in people with compromised immune systems. However, species of this fungal genus are often prolific producers of a variety of toxic compounds. The effects most of these compounds have on animal and plant health are not well known. The terms ''alternariosis'' and ''alternariatoxicosis'' are used for disorders in humans and animals caused by a fungus in this genus.
Not all ''Alternaria'' species are pests and pathogens; some have shown promise as biocontrol agents against invasive plant species.
Category:Alternaria Category:Plant pathogens and diseases
ca:Alternària de:Alternaria es:Alternaria fr:Alternaria it:Alternaria nl:Alternaria ja:アルテルナリア pt:Alternaria uk:Alternaria
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