Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and—when possible—links them to the relevant genes in the human genome and provides references for further research and tools for genomic analysis of a catalogued gene.^[1] OMIM is one of the databases housed in the U.S. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and included in its search menus.^[2]

Versions[link]

Mendelian Inheritance in Man was started in the early 1960s^[3] and is available as a book currently in its 12th edition.^[4] The online version, OMIM, has been available since 1987,^[5] moved to the World Wide Web by NCBI in 1995,^[3] and in 2004 contained more than 15,000 records.^[1]

Collection process and use[link]

The information in OMIM was collected and processed from its inception under the leadership of Dr. Victor A. McKusick at Johns Hopkins University, assisted by a team of science writers and editors. Relevant articles are identified, discussed and written up in the relevant entries in the MIM database.

The database has been used as a resource for locating literature relevant to inherited conditions.^[6]

The MIM code[link]

Every disease and gene is assigned a six digit number of which the first number classifies the method of inheritance.

If the initial digit is 1, the trait is deemed autosomal dominant; if 2, autosomal recessive; if 3, X-linked. Wherever a trait defined in this dictionary has a MIM number, the number from the 12th edition of MIM, is given in square brackets with or without an asterisk (asterisks indicate that the mode of inheritance is known; a number symbol (#) before an entry number means that the phenotype can be caused by mutation in any of two or more genes) as appropriate e.g., Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease [MIM #312080] is an X-linked recessive disorder.

Range of MIM codes: Method of inheritance^[3]

• 100000–299999: Autosomal loci or phenotypes (created before May 15, 1994)
• 300000–399999: X-linked loci or phenotypes
• 400000–499999: Y-linked loci or phenotypes
• 500000–599999: Mitochondrial loci or phenotypes
• 600000–above : Autosomal loci or phenotypes (created after May 15, 1994)

These codes have been used in the medical literature to provide a unified index to genetic diseases.^[7]

See also[link]

• Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, a database that integrates chemicals and genes with human diseases, including OMIM data.
• DECIPHER, a database of chromosomal imbalance and associated phenotype in humans, using Ensembl resources.
• Medical classification
• Mendelian inheritance
• Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals
• PCDHA4

References[link]

1. ^ ^{a b} Hamosh, A.; Scott, A.; Amberger, J.; Bocchini, C.; McKusick, V. (2004). "Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), a knowledgebase of human genes and genetic disorders". Nucleic Acids Research 33 (Database issue): D514–D517. DOI:10.1093/nar/gki033. PMC 539987. PMID 15608251. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=539987.  edit
2. ^ "National Center for Biotechnology Information". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/. Retrieved 2011-04-20. 
3. ^ ^{a b c} "OMIM Help". http://www.omim.org/help/about. Retrieved 2011-04-20. 
4. ^ McKusick, VA (1998). Mendelian Inheritance in Man; A Catalog of Human Genes and Genetic Disorders. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 0-8018-5742-2. 
5. ^ McKusick, V.; Amberger, J. (1993). "The morbid anatomy of the human genome: Chromosomal location of mutations causing disease". Journal of medical genetics 30 (1): 1–26. DOI:10.1136/jmg.30.1.1. PMC 1016229. PMID 8423603. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1016229.  edit
6. ^ Gitomer, W.; Pak, C. (1996). "Recent advances in the biochemical and molecular biological basis of cystinuria". The Journal of Urology 156 (6): 1907–1912. DOI:10.1016/S0022-5347(01)65389-8. PMID 8911353.  edit
7. ^ Tolmie, J.; Shillito, P.; Hughes-Benzie, R.; Stephenson, J. (1995). "The Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (familial, early onset encephalopathy with calcifications of the basal ganglia and chronic cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis)". Journal of medical genetics 32 (11): 881–884. DOI:10.1136/jmg.32.11.881. PMC 1051740. PMID 8592332. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1051740.  edit

External links[link]

• OMIM home page
• [1] - NCBI

Caetano Veloso
Caetano Veloso at Umbria Jazz (Perugia, Italy)
Background information
Birth name	Caetano Emanuel Viana Teles Veloso
Born	(1942-08-07) August 7, 1942 (age 69)
Origin	Santo Amaro da Purificação, Bahia, Brazil
Genres	Música Popular Brasileira, tropicalismo, psychedelic rock, folk rock, standards
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, musician, writer
Instruments	Vocals, guitar
Years active	1967–present
Labels	RCA, Universal Music Group
Associated acts	Gilberto Gil, Maria Bethânia, Gal Costa, Chico Buarque, Os Mutantes, Jorge Ben, João Gilberto
Website	http://www.caetanoveloso.com.br

Caetano Emanuel Viana Teles Veloso (Portuguese pronunciation: [kaeˈtɐ̃nu emanuˈɛw viˈɐ̃nɐ ˈtɛlis veˈlozu]; born August 7, 1942), better known as Caetano Veloso, is a Brazilian composer, singer, guitarist, writer, and political activist. Veloso first became known for his participation in the Brazilian musical movement Tropicalismo, which encompassed theatre, poetry and music in the 1960s, at the beginning of the Brazilian military dictatorship. He has remained a constant creative influence and best-selling performing artist and composer ever since.

Veloso was born in the city of Santo Amaro da Purificação, in Bahia, a state in the northeastern area of Brazil, but moved to Salvador, the state capital, as a college student in the mid-1960s. Soon after the move, Veloso won a music contest and was signed to his first label. He became one of the founders of Tropicalismo with a group of several other musicians and artists—including his sister Maria Bethânia—in the same period. However the Brazilian government at the time viewed Veloso's music and political action as threatening, and he was arrested, along with fellow musician Gilberto Gil, in 1969. The two eventually were exiled from Brazil, and went to London, where they lived for two years. After he moved back to his home country, in 1972, Veloso once again began recording and performing, becoming popular outside of Brazil in the 1980s and 1990s.

Biography[link]

Early years (1942–1969)[link]

	"O Leãozinho" noicon A 19 second sample of "O Leãozinho", a song recorded relatively early in Veloso's career.
Problems listening to this file? See media help.

Veloso was born in Santo Amaro da Purificação, Bahia, the fifth of seven children of José Teles Veloso (1901–1983) and Claudionor Viana Teles Veloso (born 1907). His childhood was influenced greatly by artistic endeavors: he was interested in both literature and filmmaking as a child, but focused mainly on music. The musical style of bossa nova and João Gilberto, one of its most prominent exponents, were major influences on Veloso's music as he grew up.^[1] Veloso first heard Gilberto at 17 years old, and describes the musician as his "supreme master."^[2] He recognizes Gilberto's contribution to Brazilian music as new—"illuminating" the tradition of Brazilian music and paving the way for future innovation.^[2] Veloso moved to the Bahian port city of Salvador as a teenager, the city in which Gilberto lived and a center of Afro-Brazilian culture and music.^[3]

1n 1965 he moved again to Rio de Janeiro, with his sister Maria Bethânia, also a musician. Shortly after the move, Veloso won a lyrics contest for his composition "Um Dia" and was signed to Philips Records.^[4] Beginning in 1967, with collaborators including Bethânia, Gilberto Gil, Gal Costa, Tom Zé, and Os Mutantes, Veloso developed Tropicalismo, which fused Brazilian pop with rock and roll and avant-garde music. Veloso describes the movement as a wish to be different—not "defensive" like the right-wing Brazilian military government, which vehemently opposed the movement. Leftist college students also condemned Tropicalismo because they believed it commercialized Brazilian traditional music by incorporating musical influence from other cultures, specifically the United States.^[2] Even though Tropicalismo was controversial among traditional critics, it introduced to Música Popular Brasileira new elements for making music with an eclectic style.^[5]

Veloso studied philosophy at the Universidade Federal da Bahia,^[1] which influenced both his artistic expression and viewpoint on life. Two of his favorite philosophers were Jean-Paul Sartre and Martin Heidegger.^[5] Veloso's leftist political stance earned him the enmity of Brazil's military dictatorship which ruled until 1985; his songs were frequently censored and some banned. Veloso and Gil spent several months in prison in 1969 and then were sent into exile. He said that "they didn't imprison us for any song or any particular thing that we said," ascribing the government's reaction to its unfamiliarity with the cultural phenomenon of Tropicália—they seemed to say "We might as well put them in prison."^[6] The federal police detained the two and flew them to an unknown destination. Finally, Veloso and Gil lived out their exile in London, England. When Caetano was asked about his experience there he says, "London felt dark, and I felt far away from myself." Nevertheless, the two improved their music there and were asked to make a musical production with the producer Ralph Mace.^[5]

Musical career (1972–present)[link]

Veloso performs in Lisbon, Portugal in 2007

Veloso's work upon his return in 1972 was often characterized by frequent merging not only of international styles but of Brazilian folkloric styles and rhythms as well. His popularity grew outside Brazil in the 1980s, especially in Israel, Greece, Portugal, France, and Africa. His records released in the United States, such as O Estrangeiro, helped gain him a larger audience.

To celebrate 25 years of Tropicalismo, Veloso and Gilberto Gil released a CD called Tropicalia 2 in 1993.^[7] One song, "Haiti", attracted people's attention during the time, especially because it included powerful statements about sociopolitical issues present in Haiti and also in Brazil. Issues addressed in the song included ethnicity, poverty, homelessness, and capital corruption in the AIDS pandemic.^[7][8] By 2004, he was one of the most respected and prolific international pop stars, with more than 50 recordings available including songs in film soundtracks of Michelangelo Antonioni's Eros, Pedro Almodóvar's Hable con ella, and Frida, for which he performed at the 75th Academy Awards but did not win. In 2002 Veloso published an account of his early years and the Tropicalismo movement, Tropical Truth: A Story of Music and Revolution in Brazil.

His first all-English CD was A Foreign Sound (2004), which covers Nirvana's "Come as You Are" and compositions from the Great American Songbook such as "The Carioca" (music by Vincent Youmans and lyrics by Edward Eliscu and Gus Kahn), "Always" (music and lyrics by Irving Berlin), "Manhattan" (music by Richard Rodgers and lyrics by Lorenz Hart), "Love for Sale" (music and lyrics by Cole Porter), and "Something Good" (music and lyrics by Richard Rodgers). Five of the six songs on his third eponymous album, released in 1971, were also in English.

Veloso has contributed songs to two AIDS benefit compilation albums produced by the Red Hot Organization: Red Hot + Rio (1996) and Onda Sonora: Red Hot + Lisbon (1998).

In 2011, he again contributed two songs to the Red Hot Organization's most recent compilation album, "Red Hot + Rio 2." The two tracks include Terra (Prefuse 73 '3 Mellotrons In A Quiet Room' Version) and Dreamworld: Marco de Canaveses, in collaboration with David Byrne.

His September 2006 album, Cê, was released by Nonesuch Records in the United States. It won two Latin Grammy Awards, one for best singer-songwriter^[9] and one for Best Portuguese Song, "Não Me Arrependo".^[10] With a total of five Latin Grammys, Veloso has received more than any other Brazilian performer.

Veloso has been called "one of the greatest songwriters of the century"^[11] and "a pop musician/poet/filmmaker/political activist whose stature in the pantheon of international pop musicians is on a par with that of Bob Dylan, Bob Marley, and Lennon/McCartney".^[4]

Veloso has won five Latin Grammy Awards.^{[citation needed]}

Personal life[link]

Veloso's first marriage in 1969 was to a dance student named Andréa Gadelha, known as Dedé, who was the sister of Gilberto Gil's ex-wife Sandra Gadelha. With Dedé, he had his first son Moreno, born in 1972. In 1982 Veloso started a relationship with Paula Lavigne. Veloso's marriage with Gadelha ended in 1983 and he married Lavigne in 1986 when she was 17. The couple had two sons: Zeca (born 1992) and Tom (born 1997). Veloso and Lavigne divorced in 2004.

Musical style[link]

Veloso's home, Bahia, has had a decisive role in his music. He praises Bahia for its importance in Brazil's colonial period—when the Portuguese first came—as well as for Bahia's contribution to Brazilian music. He has cited among his musical influences Amália Rodrigues, Cole Porter, the Rolling Stones 1969 tour, and above all, João Gilberto.

Veloso says that he is unable to make a comparison between his musical style in the 1960s, at the height of Tropicália, and his current work. He does note, however, that he has been able to accomplish music of a higher quality later in his career; that he is "better at everything."^[2]

Discography[link]

References[link]

Sources

• Perrone, Charles A. (1989) Masters of Contemporary Brazilian Song: MPB 1965-1985. Austin: University of Texas Press. Chapter 2 "Other Words and Other Worlds of Caetano Veloso."
• Wald, Elijah (2007). Global Minstrels: Voices of World Music. New York City, New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-97930-7. 
• Veloso, Caetano (2003). Tropical Truth: A Story of Music and Revolution in Brazil. New York City, New York: Alfred A. Knopf. 
• Mei, Giancarlo (2004) (in Italian). Canto Latino: Origine, Evoluzione e Protagonisti della Musica Popolare del Brasile. Stampa Alternativa-Nuovi Equilibri. 
• Veloso, Caetano (1997). Alegria, Alegria. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: Pedra que Ronca. 
• Veloso, Caetano (1997). Verdade tropical. São Paulo, Brazil: Companhia das Letras. 
• Veloso, Caetano (2003). Letra só. São Paulo, Brazil: Companhia das Letras. 
• Veloso, Caetano (2005). O mundo não é chato. São Paulo, Brazil: Companhia das Letras. 
• Morais Junior, Luís Carlos de (2004). Crisólogo: O estudante de poesia Caetano Veloso. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: HP Comunicação. 

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Caetano Veloso

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Caetano Veloso

• Official site
• Caetano Veloso discography on Slipcue.com
• Caetano Veloso, "Zii e zie" by Billboard
• Caetano Veloso Album Guide
• Caetano Veloso Performing live
• Caetano Veloso on Charlie Rose
• Caetano Veloso at the Internet Movie Database
• Works by or about Caetano Veloso in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Caetano Veloso collected news and commentary at The New York Times