L'Occitane en Provence is an international retailer of body, face, and home products based in Manosque, France. The company was founded in 1976 by Olivier Baussan with the purpose to create a company that celebrates and preserves the traditions of his native Provence. L’Occitane means “the woman from Occitania”.^[1]

The company aspires to be "the worldwide reference for Mediterranean well-being, with unique body, face, and home products". The company's stated brand values are: "Authenticity and naturalness," "Effectiveness and pleasure," and "Respect and responsibility."^[2] In 2010, the company became listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange.

History[link]

The storefront in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan

In 1976, 23-year old Olivier Baussan used steam distillation to produce essential oil from wild rosemary^[3] and lavender which he sold at open-air markets in his native Provence. L’Occitane was named for the women of Occitania. This area existed during the Middle Ages, spanning southern France, north-eastern Spain and northern Italy. Occitan was the native language and is still spoken as a second language in some areas of this region today.

The first L’Occitane boutique opened in 1978 in Volx, a village in Provence.^[4] Baussan found a disused soap factory in Manosque, another Provençal village, which he took over to manufacture vegetable-based soaps using traditional methods. In the 1990s, Baussan sold a majority stake in the business to venture capitalists to finance expansion. As their approaches were incompatible, Baussan found himself excluded from daily management and strategic decision-making.^[5]

In 1994, Austrian businessman Reinold Geiger bought a 33% stake in the group.^[4] Through a series of capital increases, Geiger became majority shareholder in 1996.^[4] Geiger, as the new Chairman, asked Baussan to return as creative director and lead product development. The company's new focus on marketing strategy paved the way for international expansion.^[5] In the late 1990s the company changed its name to 'L'Occitane en Provence', to strengthen the connection with the company's roots and because the term 'Provence' had more meaning to an international audience.^[6] On 20 April 2001, Clarins became a financial investor in the company through subscription to approximately 5.18% of the company's shares and €11,433,750 convertible debenture loan. On 22 February 2005, Clarins further invested €16,525,580 in convertible debentures. When the debentures were converted, Clarins held 23.33% of the shares. The management executed a leveraged buyout in May 2007 following which Reinold Geiger's stake rose from 31.9% to 48.7%, and Clarins' stake was diluted to 10.0%.^[4]

L’Occitane has shops in 70 countries, in North America, South America, Europe, Asia, and Australia; with 170 shops in the United States.^[5][7] At the launch of its IPO in 2010, the company announced that its products were sold in over 80 countries through over 1,500 retail locations; it had 753 L’Occitane Stores. In the year ended 31 March 2009, it generated sales of €537.3 million;.^[4] It planned over 650 store openings with the capital raised.^[8]

Listing[link]

In March 2010, the listing committee of the Hong Kong Stock Exchange approved its plan for a $400–$600 million initial public share offering of L'Occitane International S.A., underwritten by CLSA, HSBC and UBS which the company had originally planned in 2008, but postponed because of the financial crisis.^[9] The company stated that two-thirds of the proceeds would be used to finance store openings.^[8] China Investment Corporation invested US$50 million in the company's IPO as the cornerstone investor (for approximately 1.9% of the shares).^[10] Following the listing of shares in L'Occitane International SA, L'Occitane Groupe SA detains 75% of the shareholding of the company; shares owned by Geiger, Clarins and other shareholders are indirect.^[4]

Beauty products[link]

Lavender fields in Provence

All of L'Occitane's products are developed and produced from its base in Manosque. The company sources the majority of its production from local producers who rely on traditional production methods.

L'Occitane contributes to preserve traditional cultivation methods by:

• Supporting the program to cultivate almond trees in the Alps of Haute-Provence.
• Preserving certain rare species through the planting of their own field of Immortelle flowers in Corsica.
• Developing partnerships with organizations that support the development of scented and aromatic plants, such as the Office National Interprofessionel des Plantes à Parfum,^[11] and
• Encouraging traditional cultivation, particularly that of lavender.

A tin of L'Occitane shea Butter

In addition to products sourced from Provence, Shea butter is purchased directly from women's groups in Burkina Faso as Fair Trade with the 'Ecocert' certification. The Shea tree is considered sacred, and its butter is known as "women's gold" because it is how the women make their money. Shea butter traditions are still used, such as only fallen fruit may be collected by women, and only women know the secret to making shea butter.^[12]

According to the company, it does not conduct animal testing, and no animal product or by-product, except for beehive products are used in the manufacturing process. L'Occitane develops most of it products and ingredients in line with the organic cosmetics specifications of Ecocert.^[13]

Melvita[link]

L'Occitane bought Groupe M&A Développement and its subsidiary, M&A Santé Beauté, which includes the organic cosmetic brand Melvita, in 2008.^[14] The company, which was founded in the Ardèche in 1983 by French biologist Bernard Chevilliat, commercialises ecological and organic cosmetics principally in France. In 1990, Melvita launched its first organic cosmetics range and its manufacturing obtained ECOCERT certification.^[4] They now have stores in thirteen countries.

The L'Occitane Foundation[link]

La Fondation d’Entreprise L’Occitane is a private organization founded in 2006 by the company, with a budget of 4 million Euros for 6 years, to support visually impaired people and help the economic emancipation of women. It supports associations for the visually impaired particularly in Burkina Faso with NGOs that are specialized in training professionals to reduce blindness. The L'Occitane Foundation has formed a partnership with Orbis, an organization that fights against avoidable blindness in developing countries. To support economic emancipation of women, the L’Occitane Foundation partnered with the association Faa-I-tuora to improve the way of living of people in Dissin, in the South West region of Burkina Faso.

References[link]