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IAM
Akhenaton live in Montreal, Quebec
Background information
Origin	Marseille, France
Genres	French hip hop Hip hop
Years active	1989–present
Labels	Côté Obscur, Hostile Records (France), Polydor, Virgin
Website	Official website
Members
Philippe Fragione Geoffroy Mussard Eric Mazel Pascal Perez François Mendy

IAM is a French hip hop band from Marseille, created in 1989, and composed of Akhenaton (Philippe Fragione), Shurik'n (Geoffroy Mussard), Khéops (Eric Mazel), Imhotep (Pascal Perez), and Kephren (François Mendy). 'IAM' has several meanings, including 'Invasion Arrivée de Mars' ('Invasion from Mars'). 'Mars' is frequently used as a metaphor for Marseille in IAM's songs, another meaning is : Imperial Asiatic Man ( AKH often refers to : ( L'homme Impérial Asiatique ) ).

History[link]

The band was formed in late 1985 by Akhenaton and Khéops, under the name Lively Crew. Lively Crew became B.Boys Stance in the summer of 1987, after which it was joined by Shurik'n, Freeman and Imhotep. In 1989 the group was renamed IAM, and they produced their first album, IAM Concept which was released the following year. They signed a contract with Virgin Records, and went on to publish the album ...de la planète Mars (1991), which became a major hit in France. In 1993 they released another album titled "Ombre est lumière" that helped the band to grow in popularity. However, IAM's big break did not come until their 1997 album L'école du micro d'argent, which took only two days to become a gold album in France and eventually sold over a million copies, becoming a diamond album. L'école du micro d'argent also brought the group some international fame. They also performed at the Reading Festival in England which increased not only their own popularity but that of French Hip Hop in England.

After the massively successful 1997 album, members of the group began to pursue solo careers. Akhenaton had already produced his first solo album, Métèque et mat, in 1995, and he was followed by Shurik'n and Freeman with albums in 1998 and 1999 respectively. Most members of the band now started to work on other projects of their own as well, such as Akhenaton's 2000 film Comme un aimant and three solo albums Sol Invictus (2001), Black album (2002) and Soldat de fortune (2006). However, the group remained intact, writing tracks for their album Revoir un printemps, completed in 2003. The group released its most recent album Saison 5, in April 2007.

Themes[link]

Africa and Ancient Egypt[link]

One of IAM’s central themes in its songs is Africa. The group is one of the pioneer French rap groups and draws heavily on allusions to Africa, and particularly to ancient Egypt, in its music. Their 1991 song "Les tam-tam de l'Afrique" was one of the first French rap hits and the first song to deal expressly with the issue of slavery. Using a sample of a Stevie Wonder song, "Les tam-tam de l'Afrique" focuses on the “abduction of its inhabitants, the Middle Passage, and the plantation system in the Americas.”^[1]

IAM promotes an ideology that is based upon images associated with ancient Egypt, primarily upon the mythical allusions to pharaohs.^[2] By 1989 the group developed a unique rap style, mixing French beats and lyrics with Middle Eastern and Egyptian influences. Their stage names are of Egyptian origin; one of the group members, Eric Mazel, goes by the name Kheops, an allusion to the Egyptian pharaoh who built pyramids.^[3] This connection with ancient Egypt allows IAM “to assert connections to the contemporary Arab world in an indirect way.”^[4]

Indeed, this "pharaoism", as French rap music specialist Andre Prevos calls it, represents an attempt to negotiate and maintain a cultural identity in the context of a social scene rife with racist and discriminatory ideologies.^[5] Because of the Islamophobic tendencies of much of white French society, references to Arabic origins and Islamic fundamentalism are part of a highly socially contested discourse on identity politics in French music. Thus, by employing 'pharaoism' to hide these references to and elicitations of the Arab world, IAM successfully articulates its connections with the "Franco-Maghrebi"^[6] cause and establishes an important social space for itself. The pharaoist aspects of IAM'S rap help the group stay in touch with its origins where some non-white French people have assimilated unquestioningly into the surrounding French culture. Therefore, the group's rap is both politically charged and defiant, as it attempts to subvert notions of racial superiority by "[proposing] multiracial alliance as an alternative to the 'old' [French] politics."^[6] Most importantly, rap provides IAM with a place to address social issues and speak out against racial intolerance where the group can actually be heard. In fact, the first single release from their second album, "Je danse le Mia", "went on to prove an enormous hit on the French mainstream", according to French radio station RFI Musique.^[7] In this way, the use of 'pharaoism' as a mystical and coded strategy for the injection of Arabic and Egyptian lyrics, ideas, and sentiments into the music is what makes it commercially viable. Otherwise, if the music were any more outright in its references to Arabic origins, white French conservatives might identify it with Islamic Fundamentalism's grips over North African diasporatic communities living in France and try to censor it and impede the cause it stands for.

"'Les tams-tams de l'Afrique' was one of the first hits of French rap and dealt expressly with slavery. Using a sample of 'Past Time Paradise' by Stevie Wonder, this track focused on the plunder of Africa, the abduction of its inhabitants, the Middle Passage, and the plantation system in the Americas."^[1] A lot of French rap is connected to Africa but IAM made their song a hit unlike others. The connection to Africa is not always expressed so clearly like this song, but still are and will continue to be a popular subject in French Rap.

Islam[link]

Along with their ties to Egyptian themes and ideologies, Islam is a very important theme in IAM's music and image. The group uses the promotion of an Islamic image in order to bridge gaps between the multiple cultures they find themselves a part of. They present themselves as particularly Islamic in order to try and make the Islamic and Arabic subculture in France more widely tolerated.^[4] They use Arabo-Islamic lyrics, beats, instruments, and slang in hopes of this greater tolerance. In particular, this is a theme for main group member Akhenaton. He is trying to use Islam to bridge the gap back to his home of Italy. He hopes that Islamic roots will tie together his heritage of being Italian, Muslim, and French. These connections and this effort can be particularly seen in his solo album cover of Meteque et Mat. [1] The album cover shows an Italian man with a Pharaoh chess piece, in front of the background of an Islamic design around his name and an Arab and Italian looking house. This theme of Islam is not only present in the group’s lyrics and music, but is being used for a greater purpose of cultural acceptance and symbiosis.^[4]

Akhenaton criticizes the "home-made" black nationalist Islam of the United States, as being less authentic and orthodox than the Islam present in France. Despite this critique of American religion, the group's musical style closely resembles U.S. hip-hop, but with Oriental themes and a slower beat.^[4]

Politics[link]

In terms of their political motivations, much of the themes found in IAM's music are reactions to the actions of the political party, Front National headed by Jean-Marie Le Pen. One example of this can be heard in their contribution to the rap single "11'30" Contre les Lois Racistes that focused on raising consciousness in youth regarding what they saw as unjust immigration laws. IAM advocates heavily against racism, both within France and globally. This is the only political issue that the group addresses; otherwise, they assert themselves as being antipolitical.^[4]

Collaborations[link]

IAM have a long history of collaborations with the American Hip Hop group, the Wu-Tang Clan. IAM have sampled an Inspectah Deck lyric from the Wu-Tang Clan song, "C.R.E.A.M", which states “Life as a shorty shouldn't be so rough” in their 1998 single, "Petit frère". Additionally, they have featured a number of Wu-Tang affiliated artists on their 1997 single “La saga” and later members Method Man and Redman on their 2004 single "Noble Art" the video was directed by New York based artist "Brad Digital". They were also featuring in the song of RZA "Seul face à lui". These Hip Hop groups have a number of similarities, probably due to the fact that IAM member Akhenaton has listed Wu-Tang as one of his five favorite MC's of all time. One notable example is that both groups have connections to Islam. The Wu-Tang Clan are known members of the Five Percent Nation and often include Islamic references in their music. On the previously mentioned IAM collaboration, “La saga,” rapper Prodigal Sunn states that “IAM, sunz of man from the royal fam, never ate ham, never gave a damn,” referencing the dietary restrictions that Muslims have to follow. Similarly, French rappers IAM have used their music as an anti-Islamophobic tool. IAM also collaborated with US rapper Lucas on the song, Spin The Globe, with rappers from 5 different countries spitting in 5 different languages showcasing the universal appeal and voice of hip hop.^[8][9]

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• 1991: ...de la planète Mars
• 1993: Ombre est Lumière
  • 1993: Volume 1&2
  • 1994: Volume Unique
• 1997: L'école du micro d'argent
• 2003: Revoir un Printemps
• 2007: Saison 5

Compilations / Lives / Mixtapes[link]

• 1989: IAM Concept
• 2004: Anthologie 1991-2004
• 2005: IAM Live au Dôme de Marseille
• 2005: Platinum
• 2007: Official Mixtape
• 2007: Anthologie 1 & 2 + DVD Live au Dôme de Marseille
• 2008: Retour Aux Pyramides
• 2008: L'Intégrale
• 2009: Galaxie

Solos[link]

• 1995 Métèque et mat (Akhenaton)
• 1998 Sad Hill (DJ Kheops)
• 1998 Chroniques de Mars (Imhotep)
• 1998 Où je vis (Shurik'n)
• 1998 Taxi OST (Akhenaton)
• 1999 L'palais d'justice (Freeman)
• 2000 Sad Hill Impact (DJ Kheops)
• 2000 Comme un aimant OST (Akhenaton)
• 2001 Sol invictus (Akhenaton)
• 2001 Mars eyes (Freeman)
• 2002 Black album (Akhenaton)
• 2005 Double Chill Burger - Quality Best Of (Akhenaton)
• 2006 Soldat de fortune (Akhenaton)
• 2008 L'espoir d'un crève (Freeman)
• 2012 Tous M'appellent Shu (Shurik'n)

Singles[link]

• 1991 "Red, Black & Green"
• 1991 "Tam-tam de l'Afrique"
• 1992 "Planète Mars"
• 1993 "Donne-moi le micro"
• 1994 "Le feu"
• 1994 "Je danse le Mia"
• 1995 "Une femme seule / Sachet bla nc"
• 1997 "L'école du micro d'argent"
• 1997 "Nés sous la même étoile"
• 1997 "L'empire du Côte Obscur"
• 1997 "La saga" (featuring Timbo King, Dreddy Krueger and Prodigal Sunn)
• 1998 "Independenza"
• 1998 "Petit frère"
• 2003 "Revoir un printemps"
• 2004 "Noble art" (featuring Method Man and Redman)
• 2004 "Second souffle"
• 2004 "Où va la vie" (featuring Moïse)
• 2007 "Une autre brique dans le mur"
• 2007 "Ca vient de la rue"
• 2007 "Offishall[2]"
• 2008 "Coupe Le Cake"

References[link]

1. ^ ^{a b} Helenon, Veronique. "Africa on Their Mind: Rap, Blackness, and Citizenship in France". In The Vinyl Ain’t Final: Hip Hop and the Globalization of Black Popular Culture, ed. by Dipannita Basu and Sidney J. Lemelle, 151-66. London; Ann Arbor, MI: Pluto Press
2. ^ Prevos, Andre J. M. "Postcolonial Popular Music in France: Rap Music and Hip-Hop Culture in the 1980s and 1990s." In Global Noise: Rap and Hip-Hop Outside the USA, 39-56. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, 2001.
3. ^ RFI Musique - - Biography - IAM
4. ^ ^{a b c d e} Swedenburg, Ted. "Islamic Hip-hop vs. Islamophobia." In Global Noise: Rap and Hip-Hop Outside the USA, 57-85. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, 2001.
5. ^ Swedenburg, Ted. "Islamic Hip-hop vs. Islamophobia." In Global Noise: Rap and Hip-Hop Outside the USA, 69. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, 2001.
6. ^ ^{a b} Gross, Joan, David McMurray, and Ted Swedenburg. "Arab Noise and Ramadan Nights: Rai, Rap, and Franco-Maghrebi Identities." Diaspora 3:1 (1994): 3-39. [Reprinted in The Anthropology of Globalization: A Reader, ed. by Jonathan Xavier and Renato Rosaldo, 1
7. ^ "IAM." RFI Musique. April 2007. RFI Musique. 20 March 2008 <http://www.rfimusique.com/siteEn/biographie/biographie_6313.asp>.
8. ^ Prevos, Andre J. M. "Islamic Hip-Hop versus Islamaphobia" In Global Noise: Rap and Hip-Hop Outside the USA, 57-85. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, 2001.
9. ^ "Hip hop Islam". Al-Ahram Weekly. 2005-07-07. http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/750/feature.htm. Retrieved 2008-03-19. 

External links[link]

• Official IAM website
• IAM Concept
• Listen to IAM's discography

IAM may refer to:

Concepts[link]

• Identity and Access Management, a concept that combines business processes, policies and technologies.
• Innovation Access Method, a high-performance indexed access-method for IBM's z/OS and OS/390 operating systems that provides a transparent alternative to IBM's VSAM
• Indo-Aryan migration, the theory that speakers of Indo-Aryan languages migrated into the Indian subcontinent during the 2nd millennium BCE
• Interest at Maturity, a type of financial instrument where proceeds get paid/received at the end of the deal
• IAMS, the brand-name for dog-food and cat-food manufactured by Procter & Gamble. Procter & Gamble acquired the Iams Company in September 1999.

Groups[link]

• Maroc Telecom (Arabic transliteration: Ittisalat Al Maghrib), the main telecommunication company in Morocco
• IAM-Institut Africain de Management (African Institute for Management), first high level business school in Senegal (Dakar)
• International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, a North American labor union
• Institute of Advanced Motorists, a charity based in the UK with the objective of improving car-driving and motorcycle-riding standards
• Institute of Asset Management, a professional body for asset managers.
• IAM INC, a corporation based in Montreal, Canada started by a 13-year-old in 1997. Today IAM Inc has 9 subdivisions and has purchased companies established as early as 1985.
• International Assistance Mission, an NGO working in Afghanistan since 1966.
• RAF Institute of Aviation Medicine
• International Academy of Macomb, an International Baccalaureate school based in Macomb County, Michigan, U.S.

Music[link]

• IAM (band), a French hip hop group from Marseille that formed in 1989

Miscellaneous[link]

• Initial Address Message, a message used in ISDN User Part
• Intellectual Asset Management, an intellectual-property magazine
• Internal auditory meatus, a canal in the temporal bone of the skull that carries nerves from inside the cranium towards the middle and inner-ear compartments.
• IAM.BMEzine, a blogging website for members of BMEzine.
• Integrated assessment modelling, a type of scientific modelling.
• Eclipse Integration for Apache Maven (IAM), an Eclipse plugin for managing Maven based software builds (formerly q4e)
• Iam, a village in Berlişte Commune, Caraş-Severin County, Romania

People[link]

• Master I. A. M. of Zwolle, a 15th century Dutch printmaker

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Brian Buckley (born 3 August 1935) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Carlton in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Buckley came to Carlton as a ruckman, but ended up spending much of his time in the back pocket. He played in their 1962 Preliminary Final victory but missed the Grand Final win the following week through injury.

Victorian Football Association (VFA) club Port Melbourne acquired his services as captain-coach in 1966 and he immediately steered the club to a premiership. Buckley's Port Melbourne made the Grand Final again in 1967 but they couldn't overcome Dandenong. The encounter, which is regarded as one of the controversial and violent premiership deciders in history,^[1] almost ended before the final siren when Buckley threatened to lead his team-mates off the field in protest against the umpiring.

Two sons, Mark and Stephen, later played at Carlton.

See also[link]

• 1967 VFA Grand Final

References[link]

External links[link]

• Brian Buckley's statistics from AFL Tables

Demetri Martin
Demetri Martin at Northeastern University on April 11, 2007
Born	(1973-05-25) May 25, 1973 (age 39) New York City, New York, United States
Nationality	American
Years active	Since 2002
Genres	Observational comedy, surreal humor, musical comedy, wit/wordplay, sketch comedy
Subject(s)	Everyday Life, American Culture, Random Subjects
Influences	Steven Wright, Eddie Izzard, Emo Philips, Mitch Hedberg, Socrates
Notable works and roles	· Demetri Martin. Person.  · Correspondent on The Daily Show  · Himself/Various on Important Things with Demetri Martin  · Elliot Tiber in Taking Woodstock (2009)
Website	www.demetrimartin.com

Demetri Martin (born May 25, 1973) is an American comedian, actor, artist, musician, writer and humorist. Martin is best known for his work as a stand-up comedian, contributor on The Daily Show and for his Comedy Central show Important Things with Demetri Martin.

Early life[link]

Demetri Martin was born to a Greek American family^[1] in New York City, New York, and grew up in Toms River, New Jersey. He is the son of Lillian, a nutritionist, and Dean C. Martin, now deceased, a Greek Orthodox priest.^[2] Martin graduated from Yale University in 1995. Although he was accepted into Harvard Law School, he went to New York University School of Law after he received a full scholarship.^[3]

Career[link]

In 2001, Martin caught his first big break in stand-up comedy when he appeared on Comedy Central's stand-up showcase Premium Blend. At the 2003 Edinburgh Festival Fringe he won the Perrier award with his show If I....^[4] The show was turned into a British television special in 2004. From 2003 to 2004, Martin wrote for Late Night with Conan O'Brien.^[5] In 2004, Martin had his own Comedy Central Presents stand-up special. His special was divided into three parts. In the first, he performed in traditional stand-up comedy fashion. In the second segment, he used humorous drawings as visual aids, which would serve either as the punchline or a background. During the third segment, he played a guitar and put on a pseudo-play where he would strum his guitar while alternating between playing harmonica and talking; some of his comedian friends dressed as fairies and dragons acted according to the story he was telling, detailing the magical land where his jokes came from. Martin's mother and grandmother also appeared.

Since late 2005, he has been credited as a contributor on The Daily Show, on which he has appeared as the named "Senior Youth Correspondent" and on which he hosts a segment called "Trendspotting". He has used this segment to talk about so-called hip trends among youth such as hookahs, wine, guerilla marketing and Xbox 360. A piece about social networking featured his profile on MySpace.^[6] On March 22, 2007, Demetri made another appearance on The Daily Show, talking about the Viacom lawsuit against Google and YouTube.

He has recorded a comedy CD/DVD titled These Are Jokes, which was released on September 26, 2006. This album also features Saturday Night Live member Will Forte and stand-up comedian Leo Allen.

Martin returned to The Daily Show on March 22, 2006, as the new Youth Correspondent, calling his segment "Professional Important News with Demetri Martin". In 2007, he starred in a Fountains of Wayne music video for "Someone to Love" as Seth Shapiro, a character in the song. He also starred in the video for the Travis single "Selfish Jean", in which he wears multiple t-shirts with lyrics written on them.

On September 2, 2007, Martin appeared on the season finale of the HBO series Flight of the Conchords. He appeared as a keytar player named Demetri.^[7]

He also had a part in the movie The Rocker (2008) starring Rainn Wilson. Martin played the part of the videographer when the band in the movie was making their first music video.

In 2009, he hosted and starred in his own television show called Important Things With Demetri Martin on Comedy Central. Later in June, it was announced his show had been renewed for a second season.^[8] The second season premiered, again on Comedy Central, on February 4, 2010. Martin has stated that Important Things will not return for a third season.

Prior to completing work on his second season, Martin starred in the comedy-drama film Taking Woodstock (2009), directed by Ang Lee, which premiered at the 2009 Cannes Film Festival. In the film Martin plays Elliot Tiber, a closeted gay artist who has given up his ambitions in the city to move upstate and help his old-world Jewish family run their Catskill Mountains motel. The film is based on the book written by Tiber.

On April 25, 2011, Martin released his first book, titled This Is a Book by Demetri Martin.

Martin was slated to portray Paul DePodesta as Oakland Athletics assistant GM to Billy Beane in the 2011 movie Moneyball, however was dropped and Jonah Hill took his place in the movie.

Plans[link]

Martin sold his movie concept Will to DreamWorks; he is expected to play a key supporting role.^[9] He will play the lead in the film Moon People, a pitch that he sold to Columbia Pictures.

Martin also signed a blind script deal with CBS in October 2010 to produce, write, and star in his own television series.^[10]

After CBS was shown the pilot for the series, they decided not to air it.^[11]

On August 11, 2011, Fox ordered a presentation of a new animated show they might air.^{[citation needed]}

[edit] If I

If I is a Perrier Comedy Award-winning comedy one-man show written and performed by Demetri Martin at the 2003 Edinburgh Festival Fringe.^[12] It was also aired on British television as a special. The show is an autobiographical examination of Martin's life, as seen through various definitions of the word "if."

The title of the special comes from a lengthy palindromic poem that Martin wrote; the words "if I" are at the center of the poem.^[13]

Comedic style[link]

Martin is known for being an unconventional stand-up comic. He uses one-liners and drawings on a "large pad", as well as accompanying his jokes with music on either guitar, harmonica, piano, keyboard, glockenspiel, toy bells, ukulele, or tambourine, sometimes all at once.^[14] He has cited comedian Steven Wright as an important influence (both use deadpan one-liners in their acts) and he is also a fan of Bill Cosby.^[15]

Personal life[link]

According to a July 2011 interview on the WTF with Marc Maron podcast, Demetri had a short-lived marriage to a girl he knew from high school. They began dating after high school and got married when he was in NYU Law School and she was attending NYU Medical School. He was aged 25 and in the end of his marriage when his stand-up career began.^[3]

He is extremely allergic to nuts and peanuts.^[16]

Martin moved to Santa Monica, California in 2009.^[17]

Filmography[link]

• Invite Them Up (2005)
• These Are Jokes (2006)
• Demetri Martin. Person. (2007)
• Important Things with Demetri Martin (2009–2010)

Filmography and television work[link]

Written works[link]

• This Is a Book, April 2011, ISBN 978-0446539708.

Awards and nominations[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into footnote references. (May 2012)

• Official website
• Demetri Martin on Myspace
• Demetri Martin at the Internet Movie Database
• Interview from November, 2006, in Onion AV Club
• Interview from October 2006, in The DePaulia
• Article, in The Scotsman
• Article, in Gelf Magazine
• Interview by Brian M. Palmer
• MP3 Audio Interview on The Sound of Young America public radio show and podcast
• Interview Believer Mag
• New Jersey Monthly Magazine
• Fresh Air, NPR.org

One Man may refer to:

• One Man (album), a 1998 album by Mark King
• One Man (film), a 1977 Canadian film
• One Man (horse), an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse
• One Man, a 2002 album by American R&B singer Tank

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.