This article is about the hip hop group. For other uses, see
Outcast.
| OutKast |
OutKast live in 2001 |
| Background information |
| Origin |
Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. |
| Genres |
Hip hop, neo soul |
| Years active |
1992–2006
(on hiatus) |
| Associated acts |
Dungeon Family, Organized Noize, Mr. DJ, Busta Rhymes, Killer Mike, Gwen Stefani, TLC, Goodie Mob, Sleepy Brown, Janelle Monae, Raekwon, George Clinton |
| Website |
OutKast.com |
Outkast (stylized as OutKast) is an American hip hop duo based in East Point, Georgia, consisting of Atlanta native André "André 3000" Benjamin (formerly known as Dré) and Savannah, Georgia-born Antwan "Big Boi" Patton.[1] They were originally known as Two Shades Deep but later changed the group's name to OutKast. The group's original musical style was a mixture of Dirty South and G-funk.[1] Since then, however, funk, soul, rock, electronic music, spoken word poetry, jazz and blues elements have been added to the group's musical palette.[2][3]
After forming the group as high school students in 1992, Outkast released its debut album Southernplayalisticadillacmuzik (1994), which gained popularity after the single "Player's Ball" reached number one on the Billboard Hot Rap Tracks chart. The duo released ATLiens in 1996, which displayed stylistic differences from the band's debut and featured outer space-inspired themes. The albums Aquemini (1998) and Stankonia (2000) further expanded Outkast's musical experimentation. In 2003, the duo released a double album entitled Speakerboxxx/The Love Below, which featured the number one singles "Hey Ya!" and "The Way You Move". The group starred in and created the soundtrack for the 2006 musical film Idlewild. Since 2007, Outkast has been on hiatus and both members have pursued solo careers, although the group moved to Epic Records in September 2011.
The duo is one of the most successful hip-hop groups of all time, having received six Grammy Awards. Over 25 million copies have been sold of OutKast's eight releases: five studio albums, a greatest hits release, and the Grammy Award-winning (for Album of the Year) Speakerboxxx/The Love Below, a double album containing a solo album from each member. Along with their commercial success, OutKast has maintained an experimental approach in their music and are widely praised for their originality and artistic content.[3]
Benjamin and Patton met in 1992 at the Lenox Square shopping mall when they were both sixteen years old.[4] The two lived in the East Point section of Atlanta and attended Tri-Cities High School.[4] During school, Benjamin and Patton participated in rap battles in the cafeteria.[4] Benjamin's parents were divorced and he was living with his father. Meanwhile, Patton had to move with his four brothers and six sisters from Savannah to Atlanta. Benjamin and Patton eventually teamed up and were pursued by Organized Noize, a group of local producers who would later make hits for TLC.[1] The duo initially wanted to be called "2 Shades Deep" or "The Misfits", but because those names were already taken they later decided to use "OutKast" based on finding "outcast" as synonym for "misfit" in a dictionary.[5] OutKast, Organized Noize, and schoolmates Goodie Mob formed the nucleus of the Dungeon Family organization.
OutKast signed to LaFace Records in 1992, becoming the label's first hip hop act and making their first appearance on the remix of labelmate TLC's "What About Your Friends". During the holiday season of 1993, they released their first single, "Player's Ball". The song's funky style, much of it accomplished with live instrumentation, was a hit with audiences. "Player's Ball" hit number-one on the Billboard Hot Rap Tracks chart.[1]
Their debut album, Southernplayalisticadillacmuzik, was issued on April 26, 1994. This initial effort is credited with laying the foundation for southern hip hop and is considered a classic by many. Every track on Southernplayalisticadillacmuzik was produced by Organized Noize and featured other members of the Dungeon Family. Follow-up singles included the title track and "Git Up Git Out", a politically charged collaboration with Goodie Mob that was later sampled by Macy Gray for her 1999 hit "Do Something." On this early material, both André and Big Boi contrast lyrical content reflecting the lifestyles of pimps and gangsters with politically conscious material commenting on the status of African Americans in the South. OutKast won Best New Rap Group at the Source Awards in 1995.[1] In the same year, the group contributed "Benz or a Beamer" to the popular New Jersey Drive soundtrack.
[edit] 1996-1999: Breakthrough - ATLiens & Aquemini
ATLiens was OutKast's second album, released on August 27, 1996. The album exhibited more self-consciousness, and further solidified OutKast as the flagship representatives of the 1st generation Dungeon Family and the Southern hip hop movement. The album helped the group earn more recognition among East Coast hip hop fans in the East and West coasts.[1]
For this album, OutKast joined with partner David "Mr. DJ" Sheats to form the Earthtone III production company, which allowed the group to produce some of their own tracks. "ATLiens" was the group's second Top 40 single (following "Player's Ball" from their first album), and reflected the beginning of André's increasingly sober lifestyle:[6] "No drugs or alcohol/so I can get the signal clear," he rhymes about himself in the single "ATLiens"
OutKast's third album Aquemini was released on September 29, 1998 and also reached the number-two position on the Billboard 200 album chart in the United States; its title was a combination of the zodiac signs of Big Boi (an Aquarius) and André (a Gemini). The album was widely praised as possibly the group's best material to date: when reviewed by popular hip-hop publication The Source, it received the much-coveted "5 Mics" (out of five) rating.
Producing more material themselves, both Big Boi and André explored more eclectic subject matter, delving into sounds inspired by soul, trip hop, and electro music. The album featured production by Organized Noize and collaborations with Raekwon, Slick Rick, funk pioneer and musical forebear George Clinton, and Goodie Mob.
[edit] 2000-2001: Stankonia and Greatest Hits
Originally titled 'Sandbox', the pair's fourth album, Stankonia was released in October 2000 to excellent reviews. The album was seen as a change in the group's musical style, as it had a more commercial and mainstream appeal, compared to their previous three albums which were darker and deeper. It debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 in the U.S., and would eventually be certified quadruple-platinum. Stankonia's first single was "B.O.B. (Bombs Over Baghdad)", a high-tempo jungle-influenced record. The second single, "Ms. Jackson", combined a pop hook with lyrics about divorce and relationship breakups, particularly André's breakup with singer Erykah Badu; the titular "Ms. Jackson" character being a doppelgänger for Badu's mother. It was at this time that André changed his stage name to the current "André 3000".
The single became their first pop hit, landing the number-one position on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, and the number-two position on the UK Singles Chart. The album's final single was the Organized Noize-produced "So Fresh, So Clean", featuring a credited guest appearance from regular guest vocalist and Organized Noize-member Sleepy Brown and garnered a remix featuring Snoop Dogg. All three singles' videos had heavy MTV2 airplay, and OutKast won two 2001 Grammy Awards, one for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group for "Ms. Jackson", and another for Stankonia as Best Rap Album.[7]
Pitchforkmedia.com named Stankonia the 4th greatest album released between 2000 and 2004 in its 2005 feature. Later on the webzine selected Stankonia as the 13th best album of the 2000s. And B.O.B. was chosen number one song of the decade by this same webzine.[8]
In December 2001, OutKast released a greatest hits album, Big Boi and Dre Present...OutKast, which also contained three new tracks. One of these new tracks was the single "The Whole World," which won a 2002 Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group. Killer Mike also was featured on the song, gaining some exposure among areas outside of his native Atlanta. The other two new songs were called "Funkin' Around" and "Movin' Cool (The After Party)".
[edit] 2003-2004: Speakerboxxx/The Love Below
In September 2003, OutKast released a double album, Speakerboxxx/The Love Below. It is essentially two solo albums, one by each member, packaged as a single release under the OutKast banner; the two members also appear on each others' discs for a few songs apiece. Big Boi's Speakerboxxx is largely a funk and Dirty South blended party record; André 3000's The Love Below features only brief instances of hip hop, presenting instead elements found in funk, jazz, rock, electronic music, and R&B.[1]
The album is also OutKast's biggest commercial success yet, having debuted on the Billboard 200 albums chart at number-one and stayed there for several weeks. The album eventually sold over five million copies, and, as double-album sales count double for Recording Industry Association of America certification, the album was certified diamond for 10 million units shipped in December 2004. Its latest certification, in May 2006, reaches 11 million copies in shipping.[1]
The first two singles from the album(s), which were released nearly simultaneously, were Big Boi's "The Way You Move" and André 3000's "Hey Ya!" The video for "Hey Ya!" is based on The Beatles' landmark appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show. The video's storyline has "The Love Below"—a fictional band with all members, through the use of special effects, played by André—performing in London. "Hey Ya!" was the number one song on the very final weekend of American Top 40 with Casey Kasem. It was also number one a week later on the very first weekend of American Top 40 with Ryan Seacrest. The singles spent ten weeks at number one on the Hot 100 singles chart, with "Hey Ya!" spending nine weeks and "The Way You Move" taking over for one week in February 2004. These singles were seen as a breakthrough for the hip-hop industry, being among the first hip-hop songs to be widely played on adult contemporary radio stations.[1]
OutKast's next official single was not released until the summer of 2004. "Roses", a track featuring both members from The Love Below half of the album, did not meet the level of success as either of its predecessors, but it became a modest-sized hit on urban radio and the American music video networks. The video for "Roses" is loosely based on the musicals West Side Story and Grease. It featured sparring 1950s-style gangs, one representing Speakerboxxx, and one representing The Love Below, parodying the widespread arguing among critics and fans as to which half of the album was better. The final singles were André 3000's "Prototype", which was paired with a science fiction-themed video about alien visitors, and Speakerboxxx's "Ghettomusick", which featured both members of OutKast and a sample from a song by Patti LaBelle, who also makes an appearance in the video.[1]
Speakerboxxx/The Love Below won the Grammy Award for the 2004 Album of the Year, becoming the first album consisting solely of hip-hop to receive the honor (The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill by Lauryn Hill won best album in 1999 but was predominantly an R&B album). OutKast was one of the headlining acts at the show, and gave two performances: Big Boi and Andre performed "The Way You Move" with Earth, Wind & Fire during a medley with George Clinton & P-Funk and Robert Randolph and the Family Band, while André 3000 performed "Hey Ya!" as the show closed.
[edit] 2005-2006: Idlewild
Members also began working on a joint film, Idlewild, directed by OutKast music video director Bryan Barber. Idlewild, a Prohibition-era musical film set to a blues-influenced hip-hop soundtrack, was released on August 25, 2006 by Universal Pictures. The Idlewild soundtrack was released August 22, 2006. In an interview for Billboard, Big Boi stated "This is an OutKast album. It isn't like a soundtrack where we go get this person or that person".[9]
Originally planned for early 2005, Idlewild's release date was pushed to December 2005, before being delayed into 2006.[9] The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 chart with first-week sales of 196,000 copies.[10] It also entered at number one on Billboard's Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums,[11] at number one on the Top Rap Albums,[12] and at number two on the Top Digital Albums chart.[13] The album dropped to number seven on the Billboard 200, selling 78,000 copies in its second week.[14] It spent nine weeks on the Billboard 200.[15] In the United Kingdom, Idlewild debuted at number 16 on the UK Albums Chart.[16] It fell to number 28 in its second week on the chart.[17] While it charted wihin the top-twenty in several other countries, the album spent a minimal amount of weeks on most charts.[18][19] On August 26, 2006, the album was certified platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America, following shipments in excess of one million copies in the United States.[20] It was certified gold in sales by the Canadian Recording Industry Association in November 2006.[21]
The first single of the album, "Mighty 'O'", features both André 3000 and Big Boi; the song takes its lyrical hook from the Cab Calloway song "Minnie the Moocher" ("Mighty-ighty-ighty O") and seems to be an example of the album's mix of hip hop and more traditional American jazz and blues. Next, similar to previous OutKast albums such as Speakerboxxx/The Love Below, two singles—one solely by Big Boi, the other solely by André 3000—were released simultaneously. The second single, almost exclusively featuring Big Boi, is the marching band–influenced "Morris Brown", featuring guest artists Sleepy Brown and Scar, both artists on Big Boi's Purple Ribbon label. The song's title is a reference to Atlanta's Morris Brown College, with the school's marching band providing the instrumentation.
The third single, André 3000's "Idlewild Blue (Don'tchu Worry 'Bout Me)" delves into the blues genre, complete with a blues-style acoustic guitar riff and a harmonica element reminiscent of Aquemini single "Rosa Parks". In tune with the film, Idlewild reflects OutKast's original style tempered by 1930s influences. The fourth single, "Hollywood Divorce" was released in November 2006, and features verses from Lil' Wayne and Snoop Dogg and is produced by André 3000.
In 2007 after the sixth album under the OutKast name, Idlewild, Big Boi announced plans to release a full fledged solo album. While he had released a previous solo album in Speakerboxxx, it still was technically under the OutKast name. The album was to be titled Sir Lucious Left Foot: The Son of Chico Dusty. The album's first promotional single, "Royal Flush", was released in 2007, and featured Raekwon and André 3000. After many delays and setbacks the album was finally released internationally on July 5, 2010. Guest artists include alternative urban songstress Janelle Monae; Big Boi's own new group Vonnegutt; plus established rappers T.I. and B.o.B.[22] Sir Lucious Left Foot: The Son of Chico Dusty received general acclaim from most music critics, earning praise for its inventive sound, varied musical style, and Big Boi's lyricism.[23][24] In a July 2010 interview for The Village Voice, Big Boi revealed that he is working on the follow-up album to Sir Lucious Left Foot, entitled Daddy Fat Sax: Soul Funk Crusader, stating that he is "maybe about six songs into it".[25] He is "planning on a doing a bunch of sax samples, tenor, soprano, and probably have at least a couple sax players come into the studio for the next record".[26]
André 3000 returned to rapping in 2007, after a hiatus from the genre, appearing on various remixes, including: "Walk It Out", "Throw Some D's", "You", Jay-Z's "30 Something", and original songs such as UGK's "International Players Anthem", Devin the Dude's "What A Job", Fonzworth Bentley's "Everybody", and with Big Boi "Royal Flush" and the leaked single "Lookin For Ya". He also appeared on John Legend's album, Evolver, on the track "Green Light", which was released on October 28, 2008. Prior to the release, Benjamin commented: "It's going to be a surprise for a lot of John Legend fans, because it is a lot more upbeat than John is—than people think John is. I was actually happy to hear it. This is a cool John Legend song." Benjamin has stated that he is making a solo rap album, and that the response to his remixes is part of the motivation for it.[27]
In September 2011 it was announced that OutKast was moved to Epic Records following restructuring within Sony Music Entertainment. Epic Records is headed by LA Reid who has worked with Outkast in the past.[28] In an interview with GQ, Andre 3000 denied rumors of a 2012 Outkast album and said he doesn't know if or when a new record would be recorded.[29]
On the topic of another Outkast album, Big Boi tweeted, "Big Boi solo LP, then 3000 solo LP" and "Stay Tuned."[30]
During the recording of Stankonia OutKast and Mr. DJ began producing tracks for the artists on their Aquemini Records imprint through Columbia, including Slimm Cutta Calhoun and Killer Mike, who made his debut on Stankonia's "Snappin' & Trappin."
In 2002 OutKast participated in the only Dungeon Family group album, Even in Darkness, along with Goodie Mob, Killer Mike, Sleepy Brown, Witchdoctor, and Backbone among others, and featuring Bubba Sparxxx, Shuga Luv and Mello. In 2002, the group and Killer Mike contributed the lead single "Land of a Million Drums" to the Scooby-Doo soundtrack.
On February 27, 2011, it was announced that Big Boi is creating a joint album along with rappers Mike Bigga and Pill.[31] Later that day, Big Boi posted on his Twitter account that he was mixing Mike Bigga's album entitled, "PL3DGE".[32]
In 2010, Andre 3000 was featured on Ciara's remix for her hit single "Ride", from the album Basic Instinct.[33] On January 14, 2011, a song with Ke$ha called "The Sleazy Remix" was leaked.[34] On June 7, 2011, Beyonce's song "Party" was leaked, it features Benjamin, it is his first collaboration with the singer. It is also featured on Beyonce's fourth studio album entitled 4 released June 24, 2011. On August 24, 2011, Lil Wayne's album Tha Carter IV leaked, featuring a song entitled "Interlude" with Benjamin and fellow rapper Tech N9ne performing. Also in 2011 Andre featured on Chris Browns "Deuces" remix as well as on a Lloyd song, "Dedication To My Ex (Miss That)", with Lil Wayne.
In 2012 Andre 3000 featured on Gorillaz "DoYaThing" with James Murphy of LCD Soundsystem. The song was released as a free download in February that year as part of a Converse promotion.
Benjamin has made appearances in Families, The Shield (he plays Robert Huggins, a character that originated in an episode titled “On Tilt” from Season 3 in 2004), Be Cool, Revolver, Semi Pro, and Four Brothers. He was also cast as Percival in Idlewild, released on August 26, 2006.He voiced a crow in Charlotte's Web, a movie adaptation of the 1952 children's book. As of November 2006, he voiced "Sunny Bridges," a prize-winning musician who gives up touring to teach at his alma mater, in Class of 3000, an animated series he produced on Cartoon Network. He has also worked with Esthero on a promotional version of "Jungle Book" which was on a Wikked lil' grrrls sampler, but never made it to the actual album due to issues with Esthero's label, Warner Bros.. The following year, he appeared in the basketball comedy Semi-Pro, with Woody Harrelson and Will Ferrell. He also starred in the 2008 film Battle in Seattle, a film about the 1999 Seattle World Trade Organization protests. Benjamin was a member of Quentin Tarantino and Lawrence Bender's production company A Band Apart until its close in 2006; he then formed his own company, Moxie Turtle.
Big Boi appeared on Nick Cannon's Wild 'n Out Season 3 as one of the many guest stars, as well as guest starring and appearing as a musical guest on Chappelle's Show performing his song "The Rooster". He is currently reaching more into acting, having appeared in T.I.'s film ATL, OutKast's film Idlewild and starring in the recently released Who's Your Caddy?. He appeared in the Law & Order: Special Victims Unit episode "Wildlife", which aired November 18, 2008. Big Boi played hip-hop artist "Got$ Money".
In 1999, OutKast and LaFace Records were sued by Rosa Parks over the album's most successful radio single, which bears Parks' name as its title. The lawsuit alleged that the song misappropriates Parks' name, and it objected to the song's obscenities.
The song's lyrics are virtually unrelated to Parks, except for a reference in the chorus: "Ah ha, hush that fuss / Everybody move to the back of the bus". The song, which OutKast maintained was intended partly as homage, refers to Parks metaphorically: the purpose of the song's chorus is to imply that OutKast is overturning hip hop's old order, that people should make way for a new style and sound. The initial lawsuit was dismissed. Parks' representation hired lawyer Johnnie Cochran to appeal the decision in 2001, but the appeal was denied on First Amendment grounds. In 2003, the Supreme Court turned down an appeal to overrule the lower court's decision.
In 2004, the judge in the case appointed an impartial representative for Parks after her family expressed concerns that her caretakers and her lawyers were pursuing the case based on their own financial interest. Later that same year, the members of OutKast were dropped as co-defendants, and Parks' lawyers continued to seek action against LaFace and parent company BMG. In 2003 André told UK journalist Angus Batey that, following a Detroit concert in the midst of the legal battle, relatives of Parks had approached him and implied that the case was less to do with Rosa than with the lawyers.[35] The suit was finally settled on April 14, 2005, with neither OutKast nor their label having to admit any wrongdoing. The group did, however, have to agree to perform some sort of tribute to Parks: as of August 2006, the nature of this tribute had not been decided, and OutKast had not completed it.
Wins
| Year |
Category |
Title |
| 2002 |
Best Rap Performance By a Duo or Group |
"Ms. Jackson" |
| Best Rap Album |
Stankonia |
| 2003 |
Best Rap Performance By a Duo or Group |
"The Whole World" |
| 2004 |
Album of the Year |
Speakerboxxx/The Love Below |
| Best Urban/Alternative Performance |
"Hey Ya!" |
| Best Rap Album |
Speakerboxxx/The Love Below |
Nominations
| Year |
Category |
Title |
| 1999 |
Best Rap Performance By a Duo or Group |
"Rosa Parks" |
| 2002 |
Best Short-Form Music Video |
"Ms. Jackson" |
| Record of the Year |
| Album of the Year |
Stankonia |
| 2004 |
Producer of the Year Non-Classical |
-- |
| Best Short-Form Music Video |
"Hey Ya!" |
| Record of the Year |
| 2007 |
Best Urban/Alternative Performance |
"Idlewild Blue (Don't Chu Worry 'Bout Me)" |
| Best Rap Performance by Duo or Group |
"Mighty 'O'" |
| 2008 |
Best Rap Performance by Duo or Group |
"Int'l Player's Anthem (I Choose You)" w/ UGK |
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j allmusic Biography
- ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (2003). "Speakerboxxx/The Love Below". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r651638. Retrieved 2008-04-20.
- ^ a b "OutKast propels hip-hop to new heights". CNN.com. 2004-04-15. http://www.cnn.com/2004/WORLD/americas/04/15/outkast/index.html. Retrieved 2008-04-19.
- ^ a b c Guzman, Isaac (October 22, 2000). "Melody Makers of Hip-Hop". Los Angeles Times. Eddy Hartenstein. http://articles.latimes.com/2000/oct/22/entertainment/ca-40125. Retrieved January 20, 2012.
- ^ "OutKast Biography". Encyclopedia of World Biography. 2006. http://www.notablebiographies.com/news/Li-Ou/OutKast.html. Retrieved 2008-04-20.
- ^ (September 18, 2005). Polly Vernon talks to Andre 3000. Retrieved April 12, 2008.
- ^ Exclaim.ca
- ^ Staff Lists: The Top 500 Tracks of the 2000s: 20-1 | Features. Pitchfork (2009-08-21). Retrieved on 2012-04-09.
- ^ a b Mitchell, Gail. Outkast's 'Idlewild' Bumped To Next Year. Billboard. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Hasty, Katie. Danity Kane Sidesteps OutKast To Claim No. 1. Billboard. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ R&B/Hip-Hop Albums - Week of September 09, 2006. Billboard. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Rap Albums - Week of September 09, 2006. Billboard. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Digital Albums - Week of September 09, 2006. Billboard. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Hasty, Katie. Dylan Earns First No. 1 Album Since 1976. Billboard. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Chart History: OutKast - Billboard 200. Billboard. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Top 40 Official UK Albums Archive - 2nd September 2006. The Official UK Charts Company. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Top 40 Official UK Albums Archive - 9th September 2006. The Official UK Charts Company. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Album Performance: Idlewild. acharts. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Billboard Albums: Idlewild. Allmusic. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Gold & Platinum - Searchable Database: Idlewild. Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved on 2010-05-09.
- ^ Search Certification Database: Idlewild. Canadian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved on 2010-05-10.
- ^ Big Boi interview by Pete Lewis, Blues & Soul, July 2010
- ^ Sir Lucious Left Foot: The Son of Chico Dusty (2010): Reviews. Metacritic. Retrieved on 2010-07-05.
- ^ Dietz, Jason. July’s Best New Music. Metacritic. Retrieved on 2010-07-29.
- ^ Harvilla, Rob. Big Boi Is Not Too Artsy. The Village Voice. Retrieved on 2010-07-06.
- ^ Midnight, Kid (July 12, 2010). Big Boi names his next solo album Daddy Fat Sax in honor of the great service he received at White Castle. Tiny Mix Tapes. Retrieved on 2010-09-04.
- ^ Andre 3000 reveals a solo album is on the way @ Ground Up HipHop - Hip Hop news, reviews and mixtapes
- ^ Outkast, Ciara Headed for L.A. Reid's Epic Records, Sources Say. Billboard.biz (2011-09-15). Retrieved on 2012-04-09.
- ^ Anthony, Mark. (2012-02-24) Andre 3000 Interview on the New Outkast Album, Solo Work, and Benjamin Bixby: Music. GQ. Retrieved on 2012-04-09.
- ^ [1] Twitter. Retrieved on 2012-05-25.
- ^ Killer Mike, Big Boi and Pill Recording Album Together |. Mauricegarland.com (2011-02-27). Retrieved on 2012-04-09.
- ^ Twitter / Big Boi of OUTKAST: Mixing Killer Mike Album (. Twitter.com (2011-02-27). Retrieved on 2012-04-09.
- ^ Andre 3000 rides with Ciara
- ^ Ke$ha f. Andre 3000 "Sleazy Rmx"
- ^ "The Times, August 2006"
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