company name	Sony Pictures Entertainment, Inc.
company logo
company type	Subsidiary of Sony
foundation	1987 as Columbia Pictures Entertainment, Inc., renamed Sony Pictures Entertainment, Inc. on August 7, 1991
location	10202 West Washington Blvd., Culver City, California, United States
key people	Michael Lynton(Chairman and CEO)Amy Pascal(Co-Chairman)Jeff Blake(Vice Chairman)
industry	Entertainment
products	Motion picturesTelevision ProductionTelevision SyndicationOnline gamesMobile EntertainmentVideo on demandDigital distribution
revenue	US$ 7.3 billion (FY2010)
operating income	US$ 300 million (FY2010)
parent	Sony Corporation
homepage	http://www.sonypictures.com }}

Sony Pictures Entertainment, Inc. (SPE) is the television and film production/distribution unit of Japanese multinational technology and media conglomerate Sony. Its group sales in 2010 has been reported to be of $7.2 billion.

Sony Pictures Entertainment is a member of the Motion Picture Association of America (MPAA).

History[link]

On September 28, 1989, Sony Corporation obtained an option to purchase all of The Coca-Cola Company's stake (49%) in Columbia Pictures Entertainment, Inc. (CPE; Columbia Pictures, Tri-Star Pictures, etc.) for $27 per share. The next day, Sony also announced that it reached an agreement with Guber-Peters Entertainment Company, Inc. (NASDAQ: GPEC; formerly Barris Industries, Inc.) to acquire the company for $200 million when Sony hired Peter Guber and Jon Peters to head CPE. It was all led by Norio Ohga, who was the president and CEO of Sony during that time. On October 31, 1989, Sony completed a friendly takeover bid for the rest of shares (51%) of CPE, which was a public company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: KPE), and acquired 99.3% of the common stocks of the company. On November 8, 1989, Sony completed the acquisition by a "short-form" merger of its wholly owned subsidiary Sony Columbia Acquisition Corporation into CPE under Delaware law. Sony also completed a tender offer for shares of common stock of the GPEC on November 6, 1989 and acquired the company on November 9, 1989. The acquisition cost Sony $4.9 billion ($3.55 billion for shares and $1.4 billion of long-term debt) and was backed (financed) by 5 major Japanese banks Mitsui, Tokyo, Fuji, Mitsubishi and Industrial Bank of Japan. The company was renamed Sony Pictures Entertainment on August 7, 1991.

Sony has since created numerous other film production and distribution units, such as creating Sony Pictures Classics for art-house fare, by forming Columbia TriStar Pictures (also known as the Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group) by merging Columbia Pictures and TriStar Pictures in 1998, revitalizing Columbia's former television division Screen Gems, and expanded its growth on April 8, 2005, when a consortium led by Sony and its equity partners acquired the legendary Hollywood studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in a deal worth nearly US$5 billion.

On June 4, 2008, SPE's wholly owned group 2JS Productions B.V. acquired Dutch production company 2waytraffic N.V., famous for ''Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?'' and ''You Are What You Eat'' for £114.3 million ($223.2 million in US dollars).

On June 3, 2011, SonyPictures.com was hacked, resulting in over a million passwords and e-mail addresses being stolen.

Sony Pictures franchises[link]

''This is a list of franchises by Sony Pictures Entertainment.''

''I Dream of Jeannie'': Based on the television series by Screen Gems with the cartoon series ''Jeannie'' in 1973.

''Bewitched'': Based on the television series by Screen Gems with a cartoon special ''Tabitha and Adam and the Clown Family'' in 1972, a spin-off series ''Tabitha'' in 1978, and a movie sequel in 2005.

''The Karate Kid'': Five films; one in 1984, 1986, 1989, 1994, and the 2010 remake including the television series ''The Karate Kid: The Animated Series''.

''Spider-Man'': Beginning with the 2002 film with two sequels in 2004 and 2007 and a upcoming reboot of the franchise in 2012 including two produced series ''Spider-Man: The New Animated Series'' and ''The Spectacular Spider-Man'' in conjunction with Marvel Entertainment.

''Stuart Little'': Beginning with the 1999 film with two sequels in 2002 and 2006 and one television series ''Stuart Little: The Animated Series''. Based on the novel by E. B. White.

''Wheel of Fortune'': Created by Merv Griffin in 1975 and syndicated in September 1983 by King World (now CBS Television Distribution). Including spin-off ''Wheel 2000''. Acquired in 1986 after acquiring Merv Griffin Enterprises.

''Jeopardy!'': Created by Merv Griffin in 1964. Including spin-offs (''Super Jeopardy!'', ''Rock & Roll Jeopardy!'', and ''Jep!''). First piloted in September 1983 with a second pilot on January 1, 1984, until officially premiered in September 1984 all syndicated by King World (now CBS Television Distribution). Acquired in 1986 after acquiring Merv Griffin Enterprises.

''Men in Black'': Starting with the 1997 film with a 2002 sequel, and an upcoming third sequel will hit theaters on May 25, 2012. Including the cartoon ''Men in Black: The Series''. Based on the ''Malibu'' comic created by Lowell Cunningham.

''Ghostbusters'': Began with the successful 1984 blockbuster, followed by a 1989 sequel, three animated series: one in 1986, 1988, and 1997, many products including a recent video game released in 2009, and an upcoming third film TBA.

''The Partridge Family'': The hit 1970s sitcom including the cartoon series ''Partridge Family 2200 A.D.'', the 1999 television movie ''Come On Get Happy: The Partridge Family Story'', and the ultra short-lived series ''In Search of the Partridge Family'' in 2004.

''Open Season'': Beginning with the 2006 film, with two direct-to-video sequels in 2009 and 2011.

''Underworld'': Beginning with 2003 film, with three sequels in 2006, 2009, and 2012, produced by Lakeshore Entertainment.

Corporate structure[link]

Headquartered in Culver City, California, USA, SPE comprises various studios and entertainment brands, including Columbia Pictures and GSN.

Senior management team[link]

Michael Lynton

* Chairman & CEO, Sony Pictures Entertainment

Amy Pascal

* Co-Chairman, Sony Pictures Entertainment

* Chairman, Motion Picture Group, Sony Pictures Entertainment

Jeff Blake

* Vice Chairman, Sony Pictures Entertainment

List of holdings[link]

Motion Pictures and Home Entertainment[link]

Columbia TriStar Motion Picture Group With a library of more than 4,000 films (including 12 Academy Award for Best Picture winners), as of 2004 this unit of Sony distributes about 22 films a year under its various studio brands in 67 countries. The group owns studio facilities in the United States, Hong Kong, Madrid, Mexico, the United Kingdom, Brazil and Japan. In addition to the below company-owned brands, Columbia TriStar also has a contract to distribute films for independent Revolution Studios and select films by MGM and United Artists.

Columbia Pictures: Founded in 1924 by Harry Cohn, Sony acquired the studio in 1989 from The Coca-Cola Company for $3.4 billion.

* TriStar Pictures Formed in 1982 as a joint venture between Columbia Pictures, HBO, and CBS. Became part Columbia Pictures Entertainment in December 1987 and the Sony ownership in 1989. Was relaunched in 2004 as a marketing and acquisitions unit with a particular emphasis on genre films.

* Sony Pictures India, production house established by Sony to release Indian movies and distribute Hollywood movies, released under Columbia Pictures.

Sony Pictures Classics (SPC): Specializes in acquiring distribution rights to independent and art films as well as producing lower-budget productions geared to limited audiences.

* Sony Pictures Releasing

* Sony Pictures Releasing International

** Monumental Pictures: A Russian motion picture studio formed on February 2, 2006 as a joint venture between Sony Pictures Entertainment and Russia-based Patton Media Group producing and releasing Russian language films in Russia, the CIS, and Mongolia.

* Screen Gems: Originally Columbia's animation division and later a television production company best known for TV's ''Bewitched'' and ''The Partridge Family'', as well as bringing The Three Stooges short subjects to TV in 1958. Sony revived the Screen Gems brand to develop mid-priced movies (production budget of between $20 million and $50 million) in specific genres such as science fiction, horror, black cinema and franchise films.

* Triumph Films: The label Sony uses for its low-budget films. Originally a joint venture between Columbia Pictures and Gaumont in 1982.

* FEARnet A joint venture between SPE, Lions Gate Entertainment, and Comcast for horror, suspense, and thriller movies online.

Sony Pictures Home Entertainment: Manufactures and distributes the Sony film library on Blu-ray Disc, DVD, video cassette, and UMD forms to global markets.

* Sony Wonder: The former kids and family label of Sony Music Entertainment that was moved to SPHE on June 21, 2007.

Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions (SPWA): A Sony division which acquires and produces about 60 films per year for a wide variety of distribution platforms, especially for non-theatrical markets. It is also known as Worldwide SPE Acquisitions, Inc.

* Destination Films: A "niche" motion picture company purchased by Sony in 2001.

* Stage 6 Films: A direct to video label created in 2007.

* Affirm Films: A motion picture label launched in 2008 to release gospel and Christian films.

Television Production and Distribution[link]

Sony Pictures Television Group: (formerly Columbia TriStar Television Group) The successor-in-interest to Columbia's television division (first Screen Gems, later Columbia Pictures Television, Coca-Cola Television, TriStar Television (A division of Columbia Pictures Television), and Columbia TriStar Television), as of 2004 the unit was producing 60 titles for various television outlets globally. Contains a library that includes more than 35,000 episodes of more than 270 television series and 22,000 game show episodes under the Columbia TriStar Television brand, and the television rights to the Embassy Pictures library (including ''The Graduate'' and ''The Lion in Winter'') and also the owner of the television division "Embassy Television"--among most recent notable shows in this library are ''Seinfeld'', ''King of Queens'', ''Days of our Lives'' and ''The Young and the Restless''.

* Adelaide Productions

* Barris Industries: Formed in 1965 by Chuck Barris as Chuck Barris Productions. Renamed to Barris Industries in 1984. Merged with the Guber-Peters Company in 1988 and renamed as Guber-Peters Entertainment Company in 1989.

* Barry & Enright Productions (post-scandal), including Jack Barry Productions: Formed in 1947 by Jack Barry and Dan Enright, shut down in 1959, and reformed in 1975. Later renamed Stafford-Enright Productions in 1991.

* Crackle (formerly known as Grouper Networks): Crackle is a digital platform of Sony Pictures. It hosts videos on YouTube, Hulu, Dailymotion, and its own site, etc.

* Culver Entertainment

* ELP Communications (ELPC) and Tandem Licensing Corporation (TLC): The two in-name only units of Sony Pictures Television own the productions' copyrights presented by Norman Lear's companies: Tandem Productions and ELP Communications (series from T.A.T. to ELP Communications). The companies were formed by Bud Yorkin and Norman Lear in 1958 as Tandem Productions. Yorkin ended his partnership with Lear in 1975, but remained with Tandem. Lear and his partner Jerry Perenchio sold Tandem/Embassy Television to The Coca-Cola Company in 1985 and later became Embassy Communications in 1986 (later became ELP Communications in 1988). ELPC and TLC are part of Sony Pictures Entertainment since 1991.

* Embassy Row: A television and digital production company by Michael Davies known for producing ''Power of 10'', the 2005 version of ''Chain Reaction'', and the current incarnation of ''The Newlywed Game'' for GSN. SPT acquired the company on January 14, 2009.

Four D Productions: Independent production house founded by Danny Arnold in 1974. Acquired by The Coca-Cola Company in 1986.

* GSN: ''(joint venture with DirecTV)''

Lean-M Producers Center: A Russian production company founded in 2000 by Timur Weinstein, Vyacheslav Murugov and Oleg Osipov. On April 13, 2009, SPT acquired a 16% stake in Lean-M.

* Merv Griffin Enterprises: Founded in 1964 by Merv Griffin as Merv Griffin Productions. He sold his company to The Coca-Cola Company in 1986 as Merv Griffin Enterprises and was a subsidiary of Columbia Pictures Entertainment from 1988 to 1991 and Sony Pictures Entertainment from 1991 to 1994.

* The Minisode Network

* Sony Movie Channel

* Stewart Tele Enterprises: Formed in 1964 by Bob Stewart

Sony Pictures Television International: Formed in 1995 as the worldwide television distribution arm for Sony Pictures Entertainment. Formerly known as Columbia TriStar International Television from 1995 to 2002.

* Tuvalu Media: A Dutch production company based in Holland, Netherlands. SPT acquired a majority stake in the company in March 2010.

* 2waytraffic: Acquired by Sony in 2008, this television production company owns a number of formats, most notably including ''Who Wants To Be A Millionaire?''.

*SPE Networks

** Sony Aath

** Sony Entertainment Television

* Animax: Instituted in Japan by Sony in 1998, Animax is the world's largest anime television network, with respective networks operating across Japan, East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, South America and other regions. However, Animax was cut off from Vietnam cable network in 2010 without any reason

** AXN: Formed in 1997, AXN is Sony's entertainment television network, which airs across Japan, Asia, Latin America and Europe.

Other Sony Pictures operations[link]

Sony Pictures Music Group

Sony Pictures Family Entertainment Group

Sony Pictures Consumer Products

Sony Pictures Digital Productions Inc.

* Sony Pictures Imageworks

* Sony Pictures Animation

* Sony Station

* Sony Pictures Network

* Sony Pictures Mobile

* Sony Pictures Digital Networks

** SPiN

** SoapCity

** Screenblast

** Advanced Platform Group APG

* Sony Pictures Europe

** Offices located at 25 Golden Square, London, United Kingdom

Sony Pictures Cable Ventures, Inc.

Sony Pictures Studios: The actual physical buildings, land and movie-making equipment properties in Culver City, California. Includes 22 sound stages, ranging in size from 7,600 to 43,000 square feet (700 to 4,000 m²)

Sony Pictures Entertainment (Japan) (SPEJ): The company plans, produces, manufactures, sells, imports, exports, leases, broadcasts and distributes movies, TV programs, videos and audio-visual software in Japan. The company web site says it was established on February 10, 1984, predating Sony's acquisition of Columbia Pictures Entertainment by 5 years. SPEJ was formed in 1991 through the merger of Columbia Tristar Japan, RCA Columbia Pictures Video Japan, and Japan International Enterprises. Based in Tokyo, Japan. Sony Pictures Loot: A newly formed group of developers that creates experiences and products for PlayStation Home. Their products include premium personal spaces and decorative ornaments and clothes/costumes for the users personal spaces and avatars. The premium personal spaces have equipment that allows users, if hooked up to a video capture system, make their own machinimas in Home.

Sony Pictures Studios Post Production Facilities

Worldwide Product Fulfillment

Sony Pictures Technologies

*Digital Authoring Center provides educational seminars for film-makers preparing stereoscopic productions. Also known as Sony Pictures Digital Authoring Center.

*Colorworks, established in 2009, provides digital image production services such as digital restoration, digital intermediates, scanning and film recording, digital dailies and asset management

Notes and references[link]

External links[link]

Sony Pictures Entertainment Museum

Pictures Entertainment Category:Companies based in Los Angeles County, California Category:Multinational companies Category:Entertainment companies of the United States Category:Companies based in Culver City, California Category:Companies established in 1991 Category:Film distributors

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name	Trent Reznor
background	solo_singer
birth name	Michael Trent Reznor
birth date	May 17, 1965
Birth place	Mercer, Pennsylvania, U.S.
spouse	Mariqueen Maandig (May 17, 2009)
instrument	Vocals, guitar, piano, synthesizer, mellotron, keyboards, bass guitar, saxophone, cello, double bass, drums, tuba, sousaphone, harmonium, marimba, pan flute, harpsichord, vibraphone, swarmatron
genre	Industrial rock, industrial metal, post-industrial, dark ambient, alternative rock, experimental rock
occupation	Musician, songwriter, sound designer, record producer, film score composer
years active	1982–present
label	The Null Corporation, Nothing, Interscope, Universal, TVT
associated acts	Option 30, The Innocent, Exotic Birds, Nine Inch Nails, How to Destroy Angels, Tapeworm, Atticus Ross, Marilyn Manson, David Fincher
website	www.nin.com
spouse	Mariqueen Maandig }}

Michael Trent Reznor (born May 17, 1965) is an American singer–songwriter, composer, and record producer. As both a vocalist and a multi-instrumentalist, Reznor has led the industrial rock project Nine Inch Nails beginning in 1988, and as of 2010 he and his wife, Mariqueen Maandig, are also members of the post-industrial band How to Destroy Angels alongside fellow composer Atticus Ross, with whom Reznor has scored two films. Reznor was previously associated with the bands Option 30, Exotic Birds, and Tapeworm, among others. Reznor left Interscope Records in 2007, and is now an independent recording artist.

Reznor began creating music early in his life, and cites his Western Pennsylvania childhood as an early influence. After being involved with a number of synthesizer-based bands in the mid-80s, Reznor gained employment at Right Track Studios in Cleveland, Ohio and began creating his own music during the studio's closing hours under the moniker Nine Inch Nails. Reznor's first release as Nine Inch Nails, ''Pretty Hate Machine'' (1989), was a commercial and critical success, and he has since released seven major studio releases. Outside of Reznor's chief project Nine Inch Nails, he has contributed to many other artists' albums, including Marilyn Manson and Saul Williams. In 1997, Reznor appeared in ''Time'' magazine's list of the year's most influential people, and in ''Spin'' magazine he was described as "the most vital artist in music."

Reznor, in collaboration with Atticus Ross, composed the score for the soundtrack to ''The Social Network'', a 2010 theatrical film about the founding of Facebook. The duo won the 2010 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score and the Academy Award for Best Original Score for their collaboration. Reznor and Ross also composed the score to the US film adaptation of the novel ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'', which was released in late 2011. Both soundtrack albums were released by The Null Corporation, Reznor's own independent record label.

Early life[link]

Reznor was born in Mercer, Pennsylvania, halfway between Pittsburgh and Erie, the son of Nancy Lou (née Clark) and Michael Reznor. After his parents divorced, he lived with his maternal grandparents, while his sister Tera lived with their mother. Reznor is a direct descendant of George Reznor, who founded the Reznor Company, a heating and air conditioning company, in 1888. The family sold the business in the 1960s.

Reznor began playing the piano at the age of five and showed an early aptitude for music. In a 1995 interview, his grandfather, Bill Clark, remarked, "Music was his life, from the time he was a wee boy. He was so gifted." His former piano teacher Rita Beglin said "Reznor always reminded me of Harry Connick, Jr." when he played.

Reznor has acknowledged that his sheltered life in Pennsylvania left him feeling isolated from the outside world. In a 1994 interview with ''Rolling Stone'', he references his choices in the music industry. However, Reznor later said, "I don't want to give the impression it was a miserable childhood."

At Mercer Area Junior/Senior High School, Reznor learned to play the tenor saxophone and tuba. He was a member of both the jazz and marching band. Former Mercer High School band director Dr. Hendley Hoge remembered Reznor as "very upbeat and friendly." Reznor also became involved in theater while in high school. He was voted "Best in Drama" by classmates for his roles as Judas in ''Jesus Christ Superstar'' and Professor Harold Hill in ''The Music Man''. Reznor graduated from this high school in 1983 and enrolled at Allegheny College, where he studied computer engineering.

Music career[link]

Early musical projects[link]

While he was enrolled in Allegheny College, Reznor joined local band Option 30, playing three shows a week with them. After only a year of college, Reznor dropped out and moved to Cleveland, Ohio to pursue a career in music. In 1985, he joined The Innocent as a keyboardist. They released one album, ''Livin' in the Street'', but Reznor quit after just three months. In 1986, Reznor joined local band Exotic Birds, during this time, Reznor also contributed on keyboards to the band Slam Bamboo. He also appeared with them as the fictional band "The Problems" in the 1987 film ''Light of Day''.

Reznor got a job at Cleveland's Right Track Studio as an assistant engineer and janitor. Studio owner Bart Koster later commented that Reznor was "so focused in everything he [did]. When that guy waxed the floor, it looked great." Reznor asked Koster for permission to record demos of his own songs for free during unused studio time. Koster agreed, remarking that it cost him "just a little wear on [his] tape heads". While assembling these, the earliest Nine Inch Nails recordings, Reznor was unable to find a band that could articulate his songs as he wanted. Instead, inspired by Prince, he played all the instruments himself, except drums. This role remains Reznor's on most of the band's studio recordings, though he has occasionally involved other musicians and assistants. Several labels responded favorably to the demo material, and Reznor signed with TVT Records. Nine selections from the Right Track demos were unofficially released in 1988 as ''Purest Feeling''; many of these songs had appeared in revised form on his 1989 debut studio album under the stage name Nine Inch Nails.

Formation of Nine Inch Nails[link]

Most of Reznor's work as a musician has been as founding and primary member of Nine Inch Nails. Nine Inch Nails' debut album, ''Pretty Hate Machine'' was released in 1989. It was a moderate commercial success, and was certified Gold in 1992. Amid pressure from Reznor's record label to produce a follow-up to ''Pretty Hate Machine'', Reznor secretly began recording under various pseudonyms to avoid record company interference, resulting in the ''Broken'' EP, released in 1992. In the summer of 1991 Nine Inch Nails was included in the Lollapalooza package tour. They later won a Grammy Award in 1993 for the song "Wish" in the Best Heavy Metal Performance category.

Nine Inch Nails' second full-length album, ''The Downward Spiral'', entered the ''Billboard'' 200 chart in 1994 at number two, and remains the highest-selling Nine Inch Nails release in the United States. To record the album, Reznor rented and moved into the 10050 Cielo Drive mansion, site of the 1969 Manson Family murders. Reznor built a studio space in the house, which he renamed Le Pig, after the word that was scrawled on the front door in Sharon Tate's blood by her murderers. Reznor told ''Entertainment Weekly'' that despite the notoriety attached to the house, he chose to record there because, "I looked at a lot of places, and this just happened to be the one I liked most".

Nine Inch Nails toured extensively over the next few years, including a performance at Woodstock '94, although he admitted to the audience that he did not like to play large venues. Around this time, Reznor's studio perfectionism, struggles with addiction, and bouts of writer's block prolonged the production of a follow-up.

Collaboration with other artists[link]

One of Reznor's earliest collaborations was a Ministry side project in 1990 under the name of 1000 Homo DJs. Reznor sang vocals on a cover of Black Sabbath's Supernaut. Due to legal issues with Reznor's label, Reznor's vocals had to be distorted enough to make his voice indistinguishable. The band also recorded additional versions with Al Jourgensen doing vocals. While there is still debate as to which version is Reznor and which is Jourgensen, it has been definitively stated that Reznor's vocals were used in the TVT Record's Black Box Box set. Reznor sang backing vocals on Tori Amos' 1994 album ''Under the Pink'' on a track called "Past The Mission." Reznor produced Marilyn Manson's first album ''Portrait of an American Family'' (1994), several tracks on Marilyn Manson's albums ''Smells Like Children'' (1995), and ''Antichrist Superstar'' (1996), as well as the film soundtracks for Oliver Stone's ''Natural Born Killers'' (1994) and David Lynch's ''Lost Highway'' (1997). Reznor is credited for "Driver Down" and "Videodrones; Questions" on the soundtrack for ''Lost Highway'', while another track, "The Perfect Drug", is credited to Nine Inch Nails instead. In 1998 Reznor produced a remix of Notorious B.I.G.'s song "Victory" which also featured Busta Rhymes. He also unofficially worked with Garrett Ahlstrom on "Big Black Bomb" a remix on "Burn" he stated on the spiral, "I never worked on the song but I still consider it an official mix"

Under the band name Tapeworm, Reznor collaborated over the span of nearly 10 years with Danny Lohner, Maynard James Keenan, and Atticus Ross, but the project was eventually terminated before any official material was released. The only known released Tapeworm material is a reworked version of a track called "Vacant," retitled "Passive", on A Perfect Circle's 2004 album ''eMOTIVe'', as well as a track called "Potions," off Puscifer's 2009 "C is for ..."

In 2006, Reznor played his first "solo" show(s) at Neil Young's annual Bridge School Benefit. Backed by a four piece string section, he performed stripped-down versions of many Nine Inch Nails songs. Reznor featured on El-P's 2007 album I'll Sleep When You're Dead, guesting on the track "Flyentology". The accompanying music video for the song and its artwork was created by Adult Swim, who aired the music video.

Reznor co-produced Saul Williams' 2007 album ''The Inevitable Rise and Liberation of NiggyTardust!'' after Williams toured with Nine Inch Nails in 2005 and 2006. Reznor convinced Williams to release the album as a free download, while giving fans the option of paying $5 for higher quality files, or downloading all of the songs at a lower quality for free. Reznor was also credited as "Musical Consultant" on the 2004 film ''Man on Fire''. The movie features six Nine Inch Nails songs. He has produced a number of songs for Jane's Addiction in his home studio in Beverly Hills. The first recordings, new versions of the early tracks "Chip Away" and "Whores," were released simultaneously on Jane's Addiction's website and the NINJA 2009 Tour Sampler digital EP.

How to Destroy Angels[link]

In April 2010, it was announced that Reznor had formed a new band with his wife, Mariqueen Maandig, and Atticus Ross, called How to Destroy Angels. The group released a self-titled six song EP digitally on June 1, 2010, with the retail edition becoming available on July 6, 2010.

As an independent artist[link]

In May 2008 Reznor founded The Null Corporation and Nine Inch Nails released the studio album ''The Slip'' as a free digital download. In his appreciation for his following and fan base, and having no contractual obligation, he made "The Slip" available for free on his website, stating “This one’s on me.” A month and a half after its online release, ''The Slip'' had been downloaded 1.4 million times from the official Nine Inch Nails website.

In February 2009, Reznor posted his thoughts about the future of Nine Inch Nails on NIN.com, stating that "I've been thinking for some time now it's time to make NIN disappear for a while." Reznor noted in an interview on the official website that while he has not stopped creating music as Nine Inch Nails, the group will not be touring in the foreseeable future.

Video games[link]

The original music from id Software's video game ''Quake'' is credited to "Trent Reznor and Nine Inch Nails"; Reznor helped record sound effects and ambient audio, and the NIN logo appears on the nailgun ammunition boxes in the game. Reznor's association with id Software began with Reznor being a fan of the original ''Doom''. He reunited with id Software in 2003 as the sound engineer for ''Doom 3'', though due to "time, money and bad management", he had to abandon the project, and his audio work did not make it into the game's final release.

Nine Inch Nails' 2007 major studio recording, ''Year Zero'', was released alongside an accompanying alternate reality game. With its lyrics written from the perspective of multiple fictitious characters, Reznor described ''Year Zero'' as a concept album criticizing the United States government's current policies and how they will affect the world 15 years in the future.

Film composition[link]

In 2001, Reznor was asked by Mark Romanek to provide the score for ''One Hour Photo'', but the music did not work for the film and was not used. These compositions eventually evolved into ''Still''.

Reznor collaborated with Atticus Ross to compose the score for David Fincher's ''The Social Network'', a 2010 drama film about the founding of Facebook. Says Reznor, "When I actually read the script and realized what he was up to, I said goodbye to that free time I had planned." The score was noted for portraying "Mark Zuckerberg the genius, developing a brilliant idea over ominous undertones," and received nearly unanimous praise across the board. On September 16, 2010, Reznor announced that the film's score would be released in October 2010 in multiple formats, including digital download, compact disc, 5.1 surround on Blu-ray disc, and vinyl record. A 5-song sampler EP was released for free via digital download. In 2011 Reznor and Ross won the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score and the Academy Award for Original Score for this work.

On January 7, 2011, Reznor announced that he would again be working with Fincher, this time to provide the score for the American adaptation of ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo''. A cover of "Immigrant Song" by Led Zeppelin produced by Reznor and Ross, with Karen O (of the Yeah Yeah Yeahs) as featured singer, was released by way of a trailer for the film. The cover extended for the entirety of the trailer and was well received by critics. Reznor and Ross were announced as nominees for the 2012 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score for their score.

Business activity[link]

Suit and counter-suit with John Malm[link]

In 2004, Reznor's former manager John Malm Jr. filed suit in the United States district court of Ohio against Reznor for over $2 million in deferred commissions. The suit alleged that Reznor "reneged on every single contract he and Malm ever entered into", and that Reznor refused to pay Malm payments which he was contractually entitled to. Weeks later, Reznor filed a counter-suit in the U.S. District Court of New York, charging Malm with fraud and breach of fiduciary duties. Reznor's suit arose from a five-year management contract signed in the early days of Nine Inch Nails, between Reznor and Malm's management company J. Artist Management. This contract, according to the suit, was unlawful and immoral in that it secured Malm 20% of Reznor's ''gross'' earnings, rather than his ''net'' earnings, as is the standard practice between artists and their management. The suit also alleged that the contract secured this percentage even if Malm was no longer representing Reznor, and for all Reznor's album advances. The suit also described how Malm had misappropriated the ownership rights regarding Nine Inch Nails, including the trademark name "NIN". According to testimony by Malm, Reznor gave him half of the "NIN" trademark "as a gift."

Reznor stated that he began to fully understand his financial situation after tackling his addiction to drugs and alcohol. Reznor requested a financial statement from Malm in 2003, only to discover that he had only $400,000 in liquid assets. "It was not pleasant discovering you have a 10th as much as you've been told you have," Reznor told the court. Malm's lawyers, however, claimed that Malm had worked for years "pro bono", and that Reznor's inability to release an album or tour and his uninhibited spending were the reasons for Reznor's financial situation.

After a three week trial in 2005, jurors sided with Reznor, awarding him upwards of $2.95 million and returning to him complete control of his trademarks. After adjustment for inflation, Reznor's award rose to nearly $5 million.

Independence from major record labels[link]

Following the release of ''Year Zero'', Reznor announced later that Nine Inch Nails had split from its contractual obligations with Interscope Records, and would distribute its next major albums independently. The last Nine Inch Nails release on Interscope was ''Year Zero Remixed'', based on material from ''Year Zero''.

Criticism of the music industry[link]

In May 2007, Reznor made a post on the official Nine Inch Nails website condemning Universal Music Group—the parent company of the band's record label, Interscope Records—for their pricing and distribution plans for Nine Inch Nails' 2007 album ''Year Zero''. He labeled the company's retail pricing of ''Year Zero'' in Australia as "ABSURD," concluding that "as a reward for being a 'true fan' you get ripped off". Reznor went on to say that as "the climate grows more and more desperate for record labels, their answer to their mostly self-inflicted wounds seems to be to screw the consumer over even more." Reznor's post, specifically his criticism of the recording industry at large, elicited considerable media attention. In September 2007, Reznor continued his attack on Universal Music Group at a concert in Australia, urging fans there to "steal" his music online instead of purchasing it legally. Reznor went on to encourage the crowd to "steal and steal and steal some more and give it to all your friends and keep on stealin'."

Musical style and influence [link]

Reznor is a fan of David Bowie, and has cited Bowie's 1977 album ''Low'' as one of his favorite albums. Reznor has stated that he played the album constantly during the recording of ''The Downward Spiral'' for inspiration. In 1995, Nine Inch Nails and David Bowie toured as a co-headlining act on the Outside Tour. Reznor also appeared in Bowie's video for "I'm Afraid of Americans", cast as Bowie's stalker. Reznor also made several remixes for the single release of the same song, as well as a remix of "The Hearts Filthy Lesson". Reznor also states in the 2010 documentary ''Rush: Beyond the Lighted Stage'' that the band Rush had played a major part in his childhood influences. He also stated that he considered Rush to be "one of the best bands ever" and had gained a perspective on how keyboards could be introduced into hard rock after listening to their 1982 album ''Signals''. Reznor also stated "Freddie Mercury's death meant more to me than John Lennon's" and covered Queen's "Get Down Make Love", which was produced by Paul Barker & Al Jourgensen of Ministry and released on the single for "Sin". In many interviews in ''Musician'', ''Spin'', and ''Alternative Press'', Reznor mentioned The Cars, The Jesus and Mary Chain, Soft Cell, Prince, Gary Numan, and The Cure's 1985 album, ''The Head on the Door'', as important influences. In a radio interview, Reznor stated the first song he ever wrote "Down in It" was a "total rip-off" of the Skinny Puppy song "Dig It."

Reznor's work as Nine Inch Nails has influenced many newer artists, which according to Reznor range from "generic imitations" dating from the band's initial success to younger bands echoing his style in a "truer, less imitative way". Following the release of ''The Downward Spiral'', mainstream artists began to take notice of Nine Inch Nails' influence: David Bowie compared NIN's impact to that of The Velvet Underground. In 1997, Reznor appeared in ''Time'' magazine's list of the year's most influential people, and ''Spin'' magazine described him as "the most vital artist in music." Bob Ezrin, producer for Pink Floyd, Kiss, Alice Cooper, and Peter Gabriel, described Reznor in 2007 as a "true visionary" and advised aspiring artists to take note of his no-compromise attitude. During a rare appearance at the ''Kerrang! Awards'' in London that year, Reznor accepted the ''Kerrang!'' Icon, honoring Nine Inch Nails' long-standing influence on rock music. Steven Wilson of progressive metal band Porcupine Tree has stated that he much admires Reznor's production work, in particular ''The Fragile''. Timbaland, one of pop music's most successful producers in recent years, has cited Reznor as his favorite studio producer.

Personal life[link]

During the five years following the release of ''The Downward Spiral'' (1994), Reznor struggled with depression, social anxiety disorder, and the death of his grandmother, who raised him. During this period of intense grief, Reznor began abusing alcohol and other drugs. He eventually became addicted to alcohol and cocaine. Five years elapsed before Nine Inch Nails' next album, ''The Fragile'', a double CD that debuted in September 1999 at number one on the Billboard 200, selling 228,000 copies in its first week and receiving favorable reviews.

In 2001, Reznor successfully completed rehab, and eventually moved from New Orleans to Los Angeles. In a 2005 interview with ''Kerrang!'', Reznor reflected on his self-destructive past: "There was a persona that had run its course. I needed to get my priorities straight, my head screwed on. Instead of always working, I took a couple of years off, just to figure out who I was and working out if I wanted to keep doing this or not. I had become a terrible addict; I needed to get my shit together, figure out what had happened". In contrast with his former suicidal tendencies, Reznor also admitted in another interview that "[he is] pretty happy right now." Nine Inch Nails' next full-length album, ''With Teeth'' (2005), reached number one on ''Billboard'' 200.

Reznor married Mariqueen Maandig in October 2009. Their son, Lazarus Echo, was born in October 2010 and they are currently expecting another child.

Discography[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

Category:1965 births Category:Living people Category:American multi-instrumentalists Category:American male singers Category:American music video directors Category:American record producers Category:American rock singers Category:American rock pianists Category:American rock keyboardists Category:American rock guitarists Category:American heavy metal keyboardists Category:American heavy metal singers Category:American singer-songwriters Category:American industrial musicians Category:American alternative rock musicians Category:American film score composers Category:Copyright activists Category:Dark ambient musicians Category:Nine Inch Nails Category:Nine Inch Nails members Category:Allegheny College alumni Category:Musicians from Cleveland, Ohio Category:Musicians from Ohio Category:People from Mercer County, Pennsylvania Category:Musicians from Pennsylvania Category:Kerrang! Awards winners Category:Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners Category:Pigface members Category:Quake Category:Video game composers Category:People from New Orleans, Louisiana Category:People self-identifying as alcoholics Category:People self-identifying as substance abusers

be:Трэнт Рэзнар be-x-old:Трэнт Рэзнар bg:Трент Резнър cs:Trent Reznor da:Trent Reznor de:Trent Reznor et:Trent Reznor es:Trent Reznor fa:ترنت رزنر fr:Trent Reznor gl:Trent Reznor id:Trent Reznor is:Trent Reznor it:Trent Reznor lv:Trents Reznors hu:Trent Reznor nl:Trent Reznor ja:トレント・レズナー no:Trent Reznor uz:Trent Reznor pl:Trent Reznor pt:Trent Reznor ro:Trent Reznor ru:Резнор, Трент simple:Trent Reznor fi:Trent Reznor sv:Trent Reznor tr:Trent Reznor uk:Трент Резнор

name	Karen O
background	solo_singer
birth name	Karen Lee Orzolek
birth date	November 22, 1978
Birth place	South Korea
origin	New Jersey, United States
instrument	Vocals, piano
genre	Indie rock, art punk, alternative rock
years active	Since 2000
label	Interscope
associated acts	Yeah Yeah Yeahs Native Korean Rock }}

Karen Lee Orzolek (born November 22, 1978), better known by her stage name Karen O, is the vocalist for New York rock band Yeah Yeah Yeahs.

Early life[link]

Karen O was born in November 1978 in South Korea to a Korean mother and a Polish father. She eventually moved to the United States, where she grew up in Englewood, New Jersey. She has commented on her childhood: "It's almost embarrassing how well-behaved I was, which is probably why I do things like spit water on myself onstage as an adult." She attended Oberlin College, but transferred to New York University's Tisch School of the Arts. She is now based in Los Angeles.

Career[link]

Karen O is best known as the frontwoman for the band Yeah Yeah Yeahs. She has also been noted for her sense of fashion, wearing ostentatious outfits made by her friend, fashion designer Christian Joy. In the early days of the band, she became well known for her outrageous antics during live shows.

''Playboy'' made an offer for her to pose on their cover. Karen O said on the subject, "I was approached but I said no. Who knows though? Maybe I'll do it in the future, but now doesn't seem to be the right time." Since then, however, Karen stated in an interview with Associated Press magazine that she has changed her mind and would never do Playboy because of the audience that Playboy magazine attracts.

During a tour for the 2003 Livid Festival in Australia, at a sideshow at The Metro in Sydney, she accidentally danced off the stage and was reluctantly taken to a hospital. A few days later at the Sydney leg of the Livid Festival, she appeared in a wheelchair pushed by Angus Andrew.

Karen O won ''Spin Magazine'''s Sex Goddess Award in both 2004 and 2005. In 2006, she was named one of rock's hottest women by ''Blender''. In 2007, Karen O placed #3 on Spinner.com's Women Who Rock Right Now. In February 2010, she won a Shockwaves NME Award for the Hottest Woman.

She began working on a small side project called Native Korean Rock and the Fishnets with fellow NYC musicians in 2008.

In 2009, she contributed backing vocals, screaming animal sounds and noises to the songs "Gemini Syringes", "I Can Be A Frog", and "Watching the Planets" on The Flaming Lips album ''Embryonic''.

In 2011, she contributed vocals on the song "Pinky's Dream" on the David Lynch debut album ''Crazy Clown Time''.

On the collaboration project with N.A.S.A. on ''The Spirit of Apollo'', she appears on the track "Strange Enough", together with Ol' Dirty Bastard and Fatlip.

O's vocal approach has been described as "ethereal", sometimes compared to indie folk artist Quinn Marston, and has been described as "yelping" at times. She described her approach:

Soundtrack work[link]

O was featured in the track "Cut Me Up" by Har Mar Superstar for the soundtrack to the 2005 horror film ''House of Wax''. For the movie ''Jackass 2'', Karen O collaborated with electronic artist Peaches and Johnny Knoxville to record a track entitled "Backass"; for ''Jackass 3D'', she covered the Roger Alan Wade's "If You're Gonna Be Dumb" under the alternative title of "If You're Gonna Be Dumb, You Gotta Be Tough". In 2007, she also contributed vocals to a version of Bob Dylan's "Highway 61 Revisited" for the ''I'm Not There'' movie soundtrack. At the end of episode 409, "Brothers Cinco", of the ''Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job!'' she performed a short song.

In May 2011, it was reported that Karen O had collaborated with Trent Reznor on a cover version of Led Zeppelin's "Immigrant Song" for the soundtrack to the English-language version of the film ''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'', for which Reznor composed the score. In December 2011 it was announced that the song would open the soundtrack album, be released as the opening single, and be available free to all who pre-ordered before the official release date (December 9).

''Where the Wild Things Are'' [link]

Karen O composed all of the songs on the soundtrack of ''Where the Wild Things Are'' (with the exception of a cover of the Daniel Johnston song,"Worried Shoes") in collaboration with Carter Burwell. The film was directed by her former boyfriend Spike Jonze. She is listed on the soundtrack as "Karen O and the Kids". Karen O and her Yeah Yeah Yeahs bandmate Nick Zinner co-wrote "All is Love", which was nominated for the "Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media", a songwriter's award, at the 2010 Grammy Awards.

Video work[link]

In 2004 Karen O, using the moniker ''Marshmellow'', directed the music video for "We Fenced Other Gardens with the Bones of Our Own" by the Liars, fronted by her then boyfriend Angus Andrew. The following year she directed the "Blessed Evening" video for Foetus with her then boyfriend Spike Jonze working as cinematographer. In 2006 she directed the Yeah Yeah Yeahs' video "Cheated Hearts".

Under the moniker ''Kids With Canes'', Karen O and her boyfriend Barney Clay directed the music video for the Tiny Masters of Today song "Hologram World", released on February 8, 2008. Karen also contributed vocals to the song, served as choreographer of the video, in which she appears along with Yeah Yeah Yeahs bandmates Nick Zinner and Brian Chase as well as Mike D from the Beastie Boys, Gibby Haynes from the Butthole Surfers, Russell Simins from the Blues Explosion and Sam James from The Mooney Suzuki.

The ''KO At Home'' demo leak[link]

On December 10, 2006, a home-recorded album titled ''KO at Home'' was leaked via an invite-only BitTorrent tracking site. The album, originally a personal gift to Dave Sitek of the NYC band TV on the Radio, was discovered inside a suitcase Sitek left behind in a New York City apartment. The disc's 14 tracks and scan of the cover – a photograph of Karen O, with a poem written by Oscar Wilde on the back side of the photo – quickly spread. The music news site stereogum.com broke the story of the leak the following morning and continued their coverage when Sitek lashed out at the fan who leaked the demos. Eventually Sitek followed up his comments with an apology letter. Karen O's response to the leak was "shit happens" and although she was somewhat "grossed out," she offered advice on which of the songs she liked the most, namely the tracks "Pumpkin" and "Snakes and Worms".

Personal life[link]

In 2011, Karen O married longtime boyfriend Barnaby Clay.

References[link]

External links[link]

Yeah Yeah Yeahs official website

2010 interview with Karen O

Category:Yeah Yeah Yeahs members Category:American female singers Category:American rock singers Category:New York University alumni Category:Oberlin College alumni Category:American people of Polish descent Category:American people of Korean descent Category:American musicians of Korean descent Category:American musicians of Polish descent Category:People from Englewood, New Jersey Category:Musicians from New Jersey Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:South Korean emigrants to the United States Category:South Korean musicians Category:Living people Category:1978 births Category:NME Awards winners

es:Karen O fa:کارن او fr:Karen O gl:Karen O ko:캐런 오 it:Karen O ja:カレンO pl:Karen O pt:Karen O ro:Karen O fi:Karen O sv:Karen O

background	solo_singer
birth name	Serj Tankian
born	August 21, 1967 Beirut, Lebanon
genre	Heavy metal, experimental, alternative metal, progressive rock, nu metal, alternative rock, art rock, classical
occupation	Musician, singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, record producer, poet, political activist
instrument	Vocal, piano, keyboards, synthesizer, sampler, theremin, guitar, bass guitar, violin, harmonica, melodica, bouzouki, dulcimer, drums
years active	1992–present
label	Serjical Strike, Reprise, American, Columbia, Axis of Justice
associated acts	System of a Down, Axis of Justice, The F.C.C.
website	www.serjtankian.com
notable instruments	}}

Serj Tankian (Western ; born August 21, 1967) is a Lebanese-born Armenian-American singer–songwriter, composer, multi-instrumentalist, playwright, record producer, poet, and political activist. He is best known as the lead vocalist, songwriter, keyboardist, and occasional live rhythm guitarist of the rock band System of a Down.

During his musical career, Tankian has released five albums with System of a Down, one with Arto Tunçboyacıyan (''Serart''), as well as two solo albums ''Elect the Dead'' and ''Imperfect Harmonies'' and a live orchestral version of the former incorporating the Auckland Philharmonia Orchestra named ''Elect the Dead Symphony''. In 2002, Tankian and Rage Against the Machine/Audioslave guitarist Tom Morello co-founded a non-profit political activist organization, Axis of Justice. Tankian also founded the music label Serjical Strike Records.

Tankian is ranked 26th in the Hit Parader's Top 100 Metal Vocalists of All Time.

On August 12, 2011, Tankian was awarded the Armenian Prime Minister's Medal for his contributions to the recognition of the Armenian Genocide and the advancement of music.

Biography[link]

Early life[link]

Tankian was born in Beirut, Lebanon on August 21, 1967. At age seven, Serj Tankian moved with his parents to Los Angeles, California. In his youth, he attended a school for Armenian-Americans, Rose and Alex Pilibos Armenian School, which was also attended by Tankian's future System of a Down bandmates Daron Malakian and Shavo Odadjian. Tankian was accepted into California State University, Northridge. This is where Tankian first began to play instruments and write songs.

Soil and System of a Down (1994–2006)[link]

The early beginnings of System of a Down lie in a band named Soil (not to be confused with the Chicago-based band SOiL) with Tankian on vocals & keyboards, Daron Malakian on vocals & lead guitar, Dave Hakopyan on bass and Domingo Loranio on drums. The band hired Shavo Odadjian as their then-manager but for him to later join as rhythm guitarist. Loriano and Hakopyan later left the band feeling that it wasn't going anywhere, leading to Soil splitting up.

After Soil split up, Tankian, Odadjian and Malakian formed a new band they called System of a Down, after a poem Malakian wrote called Victims of a Down. Their original drummer was Ontronik Khachaturian, with whom they had spent time playing with in Soil, though he was later replaced by John Dolmayan after breaking his hand shortly before a gig the band had been booked to play, giving Dolmayan the last-minute call up. The band quickly began touring the Southern California rock clubs, and began to attract a strong following.

''Elect the Dead'' (2007–2010) [link]

Tankian's breakthrough as a solo artist came with the release of his debut record Elect the Dead. The first singles from ''Elect the Dead'' are "The Unthinking Majority" and "Empty Walls". The music video "Feed Us" was released on the Swedish and UK MTV. Tankian appeared on MTV's You Rock The Deuce to promote ''Elect the Dead''. A music video was directed and filmed for every song on the record, each by unique directors. Tankian explained, "I asked each of the directors for their visual interpretation of my work. They were asked not to write treatments and that they could make whatever they liked. The results have been overwhelmingly amazing!" Some music videos were initially released exclusively to those who purchased the limited edition of ''Elect the Dead'', while all of the music videos, except "Money", have since been publicly released on Tankian's website and YouTube channel. Some videos have alternative versions which were originally released as well, but later altered.

Three different promo versions of the album have surfaced to the public. The instrumental promotional version, issued by Serjical Strike/Reprise Records and intended for the music and movie industry, contains instrumental versions of the twelve album tracks. Another promotional version, issued by Reprise Records and made only for individual reviewers, features the album in final master form. This promotional CD-R, which was labeled "Smart Talk" as a codename for "Serj Tankian" to prevent leaking by unauthorized persons, also indicates that the album was finalized prior to . Before this a similar but undated promo, also under the name 'Smart Talk', was issued featuring the final versions of the songs, albeit not yet mastered. Whilst the printed track list on this version is identical the released album, tracks ten and eleven are in fact juxtaposed on the promo itself.

The official tour for ''Elect the Dead'' commenced on October 12, 2007 with a show at Chicago's Vic theater. Roughly one thousand people attended the first concert. Although Tankian had stated he would not be performing any material by his former band, System of a Down, he performed "Charades" and "Blue", songs co-written by Daron Malakian, the guitarist of System of a Down. "Blue" had previously appeared on their Fourth Demo Tape in 1998, and Charades was attempted during the 2005 Mezmerize/Hypnotize sessions, but never released (although a short video clip of Tankian and Dolmayan playing the song in a recording studio was featured on "the Making of ''Mezmerize''/''Hypnotize''"). Although it is originally a song restricted to piano and vocals, Tankian used his backing band, the Flying Cunts of Chaos (F.C.C.), to provide guitars, drums, and bass. The songs "Beethoven's Cunt", Empty Walls, and Sky Is Over are available as downloadable content for ''Rock Band''. A portion of the song "Lie Lie Lie" is currently featured in the opening title sequence of NBC's ''Fear Itself'', a horror anthology show from the creators of ''Masters of Horror'', and can be viewed on the show's main website.

More recently, he sang with Les Rita Mitsouko on the song "Terminal Beauty". Also, he sang with the band Fair to Midland during a live improvisational version of their song "Walls of Jericho", from the album ''Fables from a Mayfly: What I Tell You Three Times Is True'', which was a massive hit with fans. He often collaborates with his close friend, director Diran Noubar on various projects, including the voice-over of Noubar's ''Armenia, a Country Under Blockade''. Noubar played some guitar on Tankian's ''Elect the Dead'' album on the track "Saving Us" and directed the music video for "Baby". Tankian is also politically involved. Together with Tom Morello, he founded the organization Axis of Justice. Tankian is a New Zealand resident and has a secondary vacation dwelling there. There has been a misconception that he intends to stay in New Zealand until the Iraq War is over, but as stated in an interview, Tankian has no intention of doing so. He often speaks publicly against violence and injustice in the world. Tankian released a new song "Fears" in November 2008 exclusively in support of Amnesty International's Global Write-A-Thon.

On March 16, 2009, Serj performed with the Auckland Philharmonia Orchestra in New Zealand, an orchestral version of the album ''Elect the Dead''. The live performance was captured in a CD/DVD titled Elect the Dead Symphony which was released on March 9, 2010.

Tankian co-wrote a musical with the American playwright Steven Sater. It is based on the Ancient Greek tragedy Prometheus Bound. It will open at the American Repertory Theater on March 14, 2011.

In 2009, Tankian collaborated with the band Viza (previously known as Visa) for their track "Viktor". Viza is signed to Tankian's Serjical Strike label.

On February 15, 2010, Serj Tankian released a new single, "The Charade". The song is available as a digital download on iTunes.

''Imperfect Harmonies'' (2010–2012)[link]

Tankian's second solo album was originally due in 2009. It is said to be more of a jazz and orchestral based sound. Said Tankian of the second album, "I'm structuring the next record kind of like a jazz orchestral. I've got a full orchestra interested, so I want this giant electric guitar in the air to be played by a full orchestra. I want the orchestra to be the electric guitar. I want to make an orchestra do what it's never done before, like a GG Allin type orchestra. Think of that." The album had the working title ''Music Without Borders'', however, the final album title is ''Imperfect Harmonies''. On June 23, 2010, a promo single from his upcoming album ''Imperfect Harmonies'' was released called "Borders Are". The first radio single from'' Imperfect Harmonies'', "Left Of Center", was released on July 13, 2010. A third single, "Disowned Inc." was released on August 9, 2010. ''Imperfect Harmonies'' was released on September 21, 2010. Preceding the album's release, two contests were announced (one consisting of brainteasers related to the album/song titles, the other an art contest) in which fans could win prizes such as Tankian's autograph and merchandise. On August 22, 2010, a music video for ''Left Of Center'' was released on Tankian's MySpace account.

The premiere date for Tankian and Sater's ''Prometheus Bound'' at the American Repertory Theater is February 25, 2011. The singer has said that collaborating on the show has been a great learning experience for him. "I’ve been using a lot of my archives, a lot of different types of music that I had already put together for underscoring and what not," he said. "It’s quite diverse, from noise to jazz to electronic stuff to hip-hop songs to rock songs to cool, piano dark underscores, and that’s a whole different bag of tricks there because it’s always evolving. Unlike a film score that’s very linear and you get a scene to score for, this is something where you do another workshop and one song is gone, that underscore changes to 20 seconds and they need something else on the spot. Everything’s always changing until the show comes, so it’s quite interesting."

In January 2011 Tankian released a music video for his song ''Reconstructive Demonstrations'' from his album ''Imperfect Harmonies''. Tankian also announced on his Facebook page, during the video's release, that a new EP entitled ''Imperfect Remixes'' would be released sometime within 2011. On February 3, Serj uploaded a photo of him singing into a microphone onto his Facebook fan page, accompanied with the description "New music video coming soon..." On March 1, Serj released ''Imperfect Remixes'' and the music video for ''Goodbye'', a remix of ''Gate 21'' from ''Imperfect Harmonies''.

System of a Down reunion and ''Harakiri'' (2011-Future)[link]

On November 29, 2010, following several weeks of internet rumors, System of a Down officially announced that they will play shows in Europe during Festivals and in North America, mostly in US. Dates are between May and July 2011. Among the announced tour dates included UK's Download Festival, Switzerland's Greenfield Festival, Germany's Rock am Ring/Rock im Park, Sweden's Metaltown, Austria's Nova Rock Festival and Finland's Provinssirock. The band gave a single concert in Olympic Sports Complex of Moscow in June 2011. In their reunion statement posted on their website, the band was unclear as to the extent of their reformation. It read, "We have no master plan of sorts -- we are playing these shows simply because we want to play together again as a band and for you, our amazing fans." Dates have been announced in the official System of a Down website.

In early July 2011, Serj posted a video on YouTube showing two samples of new songs. During the video he said "next year". In multiple interviews he has stated that he has been working on a Rock record that will be released in 2011, and some side projects including jazz, electronic, and symphonic records. John Dolmayan has also confirmed the solo album, as well as confirmed that a new System album will be made, but not for at least a year. This is due to Serj being in New Zealand as well as touring for his new album in 2012. It has been confirmed that his newest album is named Harakiri and will be released on July 10, 2012. This will be the first of 4 new albums to be released in the near future. The first single from this album will be called "Figure It Out" and will be released on May 1st.

Animal rights[link]

Tankian has taken a stance supporting animal rights. He also has become a vegetarian who has strong feelings against the establishment of industrial slaughterhouses. In an interview with PETA, he claimed his change was due to "touring and its variety of edible crap," and also he felt it was "instinctive somewhat." Furthermore, he also feels the need for respect towards 'mother earth'.

In July 2009, Serj signed a PETA petition against the slaughtering methods of chickens in KFC slaughterhouses.

The F.C.C.[link]

The F.C.C. (Flying Cunts of Chaos) was Serj's backing band when he played live up until 2009.

;Final line-up

Mario Pagliarulo  – bass, vocals

Erwin Khachikian  – keyboards, piano, synthesizers, vocals

Troy Zeigler  – drums, vocals

Dan Monti  – guitar, vocals

Jeff Mallow  – guitar, vocals (2008–present)

;Past members

Larry "Ler" LaLonde  – guitar, vocals (2007–2008)

Discography[link]

;Solo

''Elect the Dead'' (2007)

''Imperfect Harmonies'' (2010)

''Harakiri'' (2012)

;With System of a Down

''System of a Down'' (1998)

''Toxicity'' (2001)

''Steal This Album!'' (2002)

''Mezmerize'' (2005)

''Hypnotize'' (2005)

;With Serart

''Serart'' (2003)

;With Buckethead and various artists

''Enter The Chicken'' (2005)

''Profanation (Preparation for a Coming Darkness)'' (2008)

;With Tony Iommi

''Iommi'' (2000)

;With Wyclef Jean

''Carnival Vol. II: Memoirs of an Immigrant'' (2007)

Bibliography[link]

''Cool Gardens'', 2001, MTV Books

''Glaring Through Oblivion'', 2011, It Books

Awards and nominations[link]

System of a Down has been nominated for four Grammy Awards, of which has won one in 2006 for Best Hard Rock Performance for the song ''B.Y.O.B.''. The band has also been nominated for several Kerrang! and MTV awards.

;Grammy Awards |- | || "Chop Suey!" || Best Metal Performance || |- | || "Aerials" || Best Hard Rock Performance || |- | || "B.Y.O.B." || Best Hard Rock Performance || |- | || "Lonely Day" || Best Hard Rock Performance ||

General

In 2005, System of a Down won for Best Alternative Act in the Europe Music Awards

In 2006, System of a Down won the "MTV Good Woodie Award" for their song "Question!"

In 2006, System of a Down's song "Toxicity" was #14 on the VH1 Top 40 Metal Songs List

References[link]

External links[link]

Serj Tankian's official website

Serjical Strike official website

Brazilian Fan Site

System of a Down's official website

Category:1967 births Category:People from Beirut Category:Lebanese Armenians Category:American activists Category:American anti–Iraq War activists Category:American heavy metal singers Category:American essayists Category:American experimental musicians Category:American male singers Category:American multi-instrumentalists Category:American poets Category:American rock pianists Category:American songwriters Category:American vegetarians Category:American musicians of Armenian descent Category:Lebanese emigrants to the United States Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Armenian rock musicians Category:Living people Category:Melodica players Category:System of a Down members

ar:سيرج تانكيان an:Serj Tankian be:Серж Танкян bg:Серж Танкян bs:Serj Tankian ca:Serj Tankian cs:Serj Tankian da:Serj Tankian de:Serj Tankian et:Serj Tankian es:Serj Tankian fa:سرج تانکیان fr:Serj Tankian gl:Serj Tankian ko:세르이 탄키안 hy:Սերժ Թանգյան hr:Serj Tankian is:Serj Tankian it:Serj Tankian he:סרג' טנקיאן lt:Serj Tankian hu:Serj Tankian mk:Серж Танкијан nl:Serj Tankian ja:サージ・タンキアン no:Serj Tankian uz:Serj Tankian pl:Serj Tankian pt:Serj Tankian ro:Serj Tankian ru:Танкян, Серж simple:Serj Tankian sk:Serj Tankian sr:Serdž Tankijan fi:Serj Tankian sv:Serj Tankian tr:Serj Tankian uk:Серж Танкян zh:塞尔日·坦基扬

name	Arnold Palmer
fullname	Arnold Daniel Palmer
nickname	The King
birth date	September 10, 1929
birth place	Latrobe, Pennsylvania
death date
height
weight
nationality
residence	Latrobe, PennsylvaniaOrlando, Florida
spouse	Winifred Walzer (m. 1954-1999)Kathleen Gawthrop (m. 2005)
college	Wake Forest University
yearpro	1954
retired
extour	PGA TourChampions Tour
prowins	95
pgawins	62 (5th all time)
eurowins	2
auswins	2
champwins	10
otherwins
majorwins	7
masters	Won: 1958, 1960, 1962, 1964
usopen	Won: 1960
open	Won: 1961, 1962
pga	T2: 1964, 1968, 1970
wghofid	1001
wghofyear	1974
award1	PGA Tourleading money winner
year1	1958, 1960, 1962, 1963
award2	PGA Player of the Year
year2	1960, 1962
award3	Vardon Trophy
year3	1961, 1962, 1964, 1967
award4	Sports IllustratedSportsman of the Year
year4	1960
award5	Bob Jones Award
year5	1971
award6	Old Tom Morris Award
year6	1983
award7	PGA Tour LifetimeAchievement Award
year7	1998
award8	Payne Stewart Award
year8	2000
award9	Presidential Medalof Freedom
year9	2004
award10	Congressional Gold Medal
year10	2009
awardssection	}}

Arnold Daniel Palmer (born September 10, 1929) is an American professional golfer, who is generally regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of men's professional golf. He has won numerous events on both the PGA Tour and Champions Tour, dating back to 1955. Nicknamed "The King," he is one of golf's most popular stars and its most important trailblazer, because he was the first superstar of the sport's television age, which began in the 1950s. He is part of "The Big Three" in golf, along with Jack Nicklaus and Gary Player, who are widely credited with popularizing and commercialising the sport around the world.

Palmer won the PGA Tour Lifetime Achievement Award in 1998, and in 1974 was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame.

Career outline[link]

Early life[link]

Palmer was born in Latrobe, Pennsylvania. He learned golf from his father, Deacon Palmer, who was head professional and greenskeeper at Latrobe Country Club, allowing young Arnold to accompany his father as he maintained the course. He attended Wake Forest University, on a golf scholarship. He left upon the death of close friend Bud Worsham and enlisted in the United States Coast Guard, where he served for three years and had some time to continue to hone his golf skills. Palmer returned to college and competitive golf. His win in the 1954 U.S. Amateur made him decide to try the pro tour for a while, and he and new bride Winifred Walzer (whom he had met at a Pennsylvania tournament) traveled the circuit for 1955.

Rise to superstardom[link]

Palmer won the 1955 Canadian Open in his rookie season, and raised his game status for the next several seasons. Palmer's charisma was a major factor in establishing golf as a compelling television event in the 1950s and 1960s, setting the stage for the popularity it enjoys today. His first major championship win at the 1958 Masters Tournament cemented his position as one of the leading stars in golf, and by 1960 he had signed up as pioneering sports agent Mark McCormack's first client. In later interviews, McCormack listed five attributes that made Palmer especially marketable: his good looks; his relatively modest background (his father was a greenskeeper before rising to be club professional and Latrobe was a humble club); the way he played golf, taking risks and wearing his emotions on his sleeve; his involvement in a string of exciting finishes in early televised tournaments; and his affability.

Palmer is also credited by many for securing the status of The Open Championship (British Open) among U.S. players. After Ben Hogan won that championship in 1953, few American professionals had travelled to play in The Open, due to its travel requirements, relatively small prize purses, and the style of its links courses (radically different from most American courses). Palmer was convinced by his business partner Mark McCormack that success in the Open -– to emulate the feats of Bobby Jones, Walter Hagen, Sam Snead and Hogan before him –- would truly make him a global sporting star, not simply a leading American golfer. In particular, Palmer travelled to Scotland in 1960, having already won both the Masters and U.S. Open, to try to emulate Hogan's feat of 1953, of winning all three in a single year. He failed, losing out to Kel Nagle by a single shot, but his subsequent Open wins in the early 1960s convinced many American pros that a trip to Britain would be worth the effort, and certainly secured Palmer's popularity among British and European fans, not just American ones.

Palmer won seven major championships:

The Masters: 1958, 1960, 1962, 1964

U.S. Open: 1960

The Open Championship: 1961, 1962

Palmer's most prolific years were 1960–1963, when he won 29 PGA Tour events, including five major tournament victories, in four seasons. In 1960, he won the Hickok Belt as the top professional athlete of the year and ''Sports Illustrated'' magazine's "Sportsman of the Year" award. He built up a wide fan base, often referred to as "Arnie's Army", and in 1967 he became the first man to reach one million dollars in career earnings on the PGA Tour. By the late 1960s Jack Nicklaus and Gary Player had both acquired clear ascendancy in their rivalry, but Palmer won a PGA Tour event every year from 1955 to 1971 inclusive, and in 1971 he enjoyed a revival, winning four events.

Palmer won the Vardon Trophy for lowest scoring average four times: 1961, 1962, 1964, and 1967. He played on six Ryder Cup teams: 1961, 1963, 1965, 1967, 1971, and 1973. He was the last playing captain in 1963, and captained the team again in 1975.

Palmer was eligible for the Senior PGA Tour (now the Champions Tour) from its first season in 1980, and he was one of the marquee names who helped it to become successful. He won ten events on the tour, including five senior majors.

Palmer won the first World Match Play Championship in England, an event which was originally organized by McCormack to showcase his stable of players. Their partnership was one of the most significant in the history of sports marketing. Long after he ceased to win tournaments, Palmer remained one of the highest earners in golf due to his appeal to sponsors and the public.

In 2004, he competed in The Masters for the last time, marking his 50th consecutive appearance in that event. After missing the cut at the 2005 U.S. Senior Open by 21 shots, he announced that he would not enter any more senior majors. Since 2007, Palmer has served as the honorary starter for the Masters. He retired from tournament golf on October 13, 2006, when he withdrew from the Champions Tours' Administaff Small Business Classic after four holes due to dissatisfaction with his own play. He played the remaining holes but did not keep score. Palmer's legacy was reaffirmed by an electrifying moment during the 2004 Bay Hill Invitational. Standing over 200 yards from the water-guarded 18th green, Palmer, who is known for his aggressive play, lashed his second shot onto the green with a driver. The shot thrilled his loyal gallery and energized the excitable Palmer. He turned to his grandson and caddie, Sam Saunders, and gave him a prolonged shimmy and playful jeering in celebration of the moment.

Golf businesses[link]

Palmer has had a diverse golf-related business career, including owning the Bay Hill Club and Lodge, which is the venue for the PGA Tour's Arnold Palmer Invitational (renamed from the Bay Hill Invitational in 2007), helping to found The Golf Channel, and negotiating the deal to build the first golf course in the People's Republic of China. This led to the formation of Palmer Course Design in 1972, which was renamed Arnold Palmer Design Company when the company moved to Orlando Florida in 2006. Palmer's design partner was Ed Seay. The Palmer-Seay team has designed over 200 courses around the world. Since 1971 he has owned Latrobe Country Club, where his father used to be the club professional. The licensing, endorsements, spokesman associations and commercial partnerships built by Palmer and McCormack are managed by Arnold Palmer Enterprises.

One of Arnold Palmer's most recent products is a branded use of the beverage which combines sweet iced tea with lemonade.

Legacy[link]

In 2000, Palmer was ranked the sixth greatest player of all time in ''Golf Digest'' magazine's rankings.

According to ''Golf Digest'', Palmer made $1,861,857 in 734 PGA Tour career starts over 53 years; he earned an estimated $30 million off the course in 2008.

Palmer was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2004 and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2009. He was the first golfer to be awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom and the second golfer, after Byron Nelson, to be awarded the Congressional Gold Medal.

He now resides near his golf course, Arnold Palmer's Bay Hill Country Club and Lodge, in Orlando, Florida which was originally designed by Dick Wilson.

Palmer's grandson, Sam Saunders, is a professional golfer. Saunders grew up playing at Bay Hill, and won the Club Championship there at age 15. He attended Clemson University on a golf scholarship and turned pro in 2008. Saunders stated that Palmer's family nickname is "Dumpy".

An avid pilot for over 50 years, Palmer thought he would pilot a plane for the last time on January 31, 2011. He flew from Palm Springs, California to Orlando, Florida in his Cessna Citation X. His pilot's medical certificate expired that day and he chose not to renew it. However, public FAA records show he was issued a new third class medical in May 2011.

Amateur wins (26)[link]

1946 WPIAL Championship, PIAA Championship

1947 WPIAL Championship, PIAA Championship, Western Pennsylvania Junior, Western Pennsylvania Amateur

1948 Southern Conference Championship, Sunnehanna Invitational, Western Pennsylvania Junior

1950 Southern Intercollegiate, Western Pennsylvania Amateur, Greensburg Invitational

1951 Western Pennsylvania Amateur, Worsharn Memorial

1952 Western Pennsylvania Amateur, Greensburg Invitational

1953 Ohio Amateur, Cleveland Amateur, Greensburg Invitational, Mayfield Heights Open, Evergreen Pitch and Putt Invitational

1954 U.S. Amateur, Ohio Amateur, All-American Amateur, Atlantic Coast Conference Championship, Bill Waite Memorial

Amateur major wins (1)[link]

{|class="wikitable" !Year!!Championship!!Winning Score!!Runner-up |- | 1954 || U.S. Amateur || align=center|1 up || Robert Sweeny Jr. |}

Results timeline[link]

{| cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: #aaa solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;" |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" !align="left"|Tournament !1948 !1949 !1950 !1951 !1952 !1953 !1954 |- |U.S. Amateur |align="center"|R256 |align="center"|R64 |align="center"|R256 |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|R16 |align="center" style="background:#00ff00;"|1 |}

DNP = Did not play R256, R128, R64, R32, R16, QF, SF = Round in which player lost in match play Green background for wins. Yellow background for top-10

Source:

Professional wins (95)[link]

PGA Tour wins (62)[link]

!No.	!Date	!Tournament	!Winning Score	!Margin ofVictory	!Runner(s)-up
1	Aug 20, 1955		-23 (64–67–64–70=265)	4 strokes	Jack Burke, Jr.
2	Jul 1, 1956	Insurance City Open	-10 (66–69–68–71=274)	Playoff	Ted Kroll
3	Jul 29, 1956	Eastern Open	-11 (70–66–69–72=277)	2 strokes	Dow Finsterwald
4	Feb 25, 1957	Houston Open	-9 (67–72–71–69=279)	1 stroke
5	Mar 31, 1957	Azalea Open Invitational	-6 (70–67–70–75=282)	1 stroke	Dow Finsterwald
6	Jun 9, 1957	Rubber City Open Invitational	-12 (71–66–67–68=272)	Playoff
7	Oct 30, 1957	San Diego Open Invitational	-17 (65–68–68–70=271)	1 stroke	Al Balding
8	Oct 20, 1958	St. Petersburg Open Invitational	-12 (70–69–72–65=276)	1 stroke	Al Balding, Dow Finsterwald
9	Apr 6, 1958	Masters Tournament	-4 (70–73–68–73=284)	1 stroke
10	Jun 29, 1958	Pepsi Championship	-11 (66–69–67–71=273)	5 strokes	Jay Hebert
11	Jan 25, 1959	Thunderbird Invitational	-18 (67–70–67–62=266)	Playoff	Jimmy Demaret, Ken Venturi
12	May 11, 1959	Oklahoma City Open Invitational	-15 (73–64–67–69=273)	2 strokes	Bob Goalby
13	Nov 29, 1959	West Palm Beach Open Invitational	-7 (72–67–66–76=281)	Playoff
14	Feb 7, 1960	Palm Springs Desert Golf Classic	-22 (67–73–67–66–65=338)	3 strokes	Fred Hawkins
15	Feb 28, 1960	Texas Open Invitational	-12 (69–65–67–75=276)	2 strokes
16	Mar 6, 1960	Baton Rouge Open Invitational	-9 (71–71–69–68=279)	7 strokes	Jay Hebert, Ron Reif, Doug Sanders
17	Mar 13, 1960	Pensacola Open Invitational	-15 (68–65–73–67=273)	1 stroke	Doug Sanders
18	Apr 10, 1960	Masters Tournament	-6 (67–73–72–70=282)	1 stroke	Ken Venturi
19	Jun 18, 1960		-4 (72–71–72–65=280)	2 strokes	Jack Nicklaus
20	Aug 7, 1960	Insurance City Open Invitational	-14 (70–68–66–66=270)	Playoff
21	Nov 27, 1960	Mobile Sertoma Open Invitational	-14 (68–67–74–65=274)	2 strokes	Johnny Pott
22	Jan 15, 1961	San Diego Open Invitational	-17 (69–68–69–65=271)	Playoff	Al Balding
23	Feb 12, 1961	Phoenix Open Invitational	-14 (69–65–66–70=270)	Playoff	Doug Sanders
24	Feb 26, 1961	Baton Rouge Open Invitational	-22 (65–67–68–66=266)	7 strokes	Wes Ellis
25	Apr 30, 1961	Texas Open Invitational	-10 (67–63–72–68=270)	1 stroke	Al Balding
26	Jun 25, 1961	Western Open	-13 (65–70–67–69=271)	2 strokes	Sam Snead
27	Jul 14, 1961	The Open Championship	-4 (70–73–69–72=284)	1 stroke	Dai Rees
28	Feb 4, 1962	Palm Springs Golf Classic	-18 (69–67–66–71–69=342)	3 strokes	Jay Hebert, Gene Littler
29	Feb 11, 1962	Phoenix Open Invitational	-15 (64–68–71–66=269)	12 strokes	Billy Casper, Don Fairfield, Bob McCallister
30	Apr 9, 1962	Masters Tournament	-8 (70–66–69–75–68=280)	Playoff	Dow Finsterwald, Gary Player
31	Apr 29, 1962	Texas Open Invitational	-1 (72–70–72–69=273)	1 stroke
32	May 6, 1962		-12 (69–70–69–68=276)	1 stroke	Billy Casper
33	May 13, 1962	Colonial National Invitation	+1 (67–72–66–76=281)	Playoff	Johnny Pott
34	Jul 13, 1962	The Open Championship	-12 (71–69–67–69=276)	6 strokes	Kel Nagle
35	Aug 12, 1962	American Golf Classic	-4 (67–69–70–70=276)	5 strokes	Mason Rudolph
36	Jan 7, 1963	Los Angeles Open	-10 (69–69–70–66=274)	3 strokes	Al Balding, Gary Player
37	Feb 12, 1963	Phoenix Open Invitational	-11 (68–67–68–70=273)	1 stroke	Gary Player
38	Mar 10, 1963	Pensacola Open Invitational	-15 (69–68–69–67=273)	2 strokes	Harold Kneece, Gary Player
39	Jun 16, 1963	Thunderbird Classic Invitational	-11 (67–70–68–72=277)	Playoff	Paul Harney
40	Jul 1, 1963	Cleveland Open Invitational	-9 (68–73–65–73=279)	Playoff	Tommy Aaron, Tony Lema
41	Jul 29, 1963	Western Open	-11 (71–68–66–68=273)	Playoff	Julius Boros, Jack Nicklaus
42	Oct 6, 1963	Whitemarsh Open Invitational	-7 (70–71–66–74=281)	1 stroke	Lionel Hebert
43	Apr 12, 1964	Masters Tournament	-12 (69–68–69–70=276)	6 strokes	Dave Marr, Jack Nicklaus
44	May 18, 1964	Oklahoma City Open Invitational	-11 (72–69–69–67=277)	2 strokes	Lionel Hebert
45	Apr 25, 1965		-11 (66–69–71–71=277)	3 strokes	Chi Chi Rodriguez
46	Jan 31, 1966	Los Angeles Open	-11 (72–66–62–73=273)	3 strokes	Miller Barber, Paul Harney
47	Apr 18, 1966		-5 (74–70–70–69=283)	Playoff	Gay Brewer
48	Nov 20, 1966	Houston Champions International	-9 (70–68–68–69=275)	1 stroke	Gardner Dickinson
49	Jan 29, 1967	Los Angeles Open	-2 (70–64–67–68=269)	5 strokes	Gay Brewer
50	Feb 19, 1967	Tucson Open Invitational	-15 (66–67–67–73=273)	1 stroke
51	Aug 13, 1967	American Golf Classic	-4 (70–67–72–67=276)	3 stroke	Doug Sanders
52	Sep 24, 1967	Thunderbird Classic	-5 (71–71–72–69=283)	1 stroke	Charles Coody, Jack Nicklaus, Art Wall, Jr.
53	Feb 14, 1968	Bob Hope Desert Classic	-12 (72–70–67–71–68=348)	Playoff	Deane Beman
54	Sep 15, 1968	Kemper Open	-12 (69–70–70–67=276)	4 strokes	Bruce Crampton, Art Wall, Jr.
55	Nov 30, 1969	Heritage Golf Classic	-1 (68–71–70–74=283)	3 strokes	Dick Crawford, Bert Yancey
56	Dec 7, 1969	Danny Thomas-Diplomat Classic	-18 (68-67-70-65-270)	2 strokes	Gay Brewer
57			-25 (61–67–64–67=259)	3 strokes	Bruce Crampton & Orville Moody, Gardner Dickinson & Sam Snead, George Archer & Bobby Nichols
58		Bob Hope Desert Classic	-18 (67–71–66–68–70=342)	Playoff	Raymond Floyd
59		Florida Citrus Invitational	-18 (66–68–68–68=270)	1 stroke	Julius Boros
60		Westchester Classic	-18 (64–70–68–68=270)	5 strokes	Gibby Gilbert, Hale Irwin
61		National Team Championship(with Jack Nicklaus)	-27 (62–64–65–66=257)	6 strokes	Julius Boros & Bill Collins (golfer)
62		[[Bob Hope Desert Classic	-17 (71–66–69–68–69=343)	2 strokes	Jack Nicklaus, Johnny Miller

Source:

Other wins (18)[link]

1955 Colombian Open

1956 Panama Open

1958 Long Island Open

1960 Canada Cup (with Sam Snead)

1962 Canada Cup (with Sam Snead)

1963 Australian Wills Masters Tournament, Canada Cup (with Jack Nicklaus)

1964 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship (England, but not a European Tour event at that time), Canada Cup (with Jack Nicklaus)

1966 Australian Open, Canada Cup (with Jack Nicklaus), PGA Team Championship (with Jack Nicklaus)

1967 Piccadilly World Match Play Championship (England, but not a European Tour event at that time), World Cup (with Jack Nicklaus)

1971 Lancome Trophy (France, but not a European Tour event at that time)

1975 Spanish Open (European Tour), Penfold PGA Championship (European Tour)

1980 Canadian PGA Championship

Senior PGA Tour wins (10)[link]

1980 (1) PGA Seniors' Championship

1981 (1) U.S. Senior Open

1982 (2) Marlboro Classic, Denver Post Champions of Golf

1983 (1) Boca Grove Seniors Classic

1984 (3) General Foods PGA Seniors' Championship, Senior Tournament Players Championship, Quadel Seniors Classic

1985 (1) Senior Tournament Players Championship

1988 (1) Crestar Classic

Senior majors are shown in bold.

Other senior wins (5)[link]

1984 Doug Sanders Celebrity Pro-Am

1986 Union Mutual Classic

1990 Senior Skins Game

1992 Senior Skins Game

1993 Senior Skins Game

Major championships[link]

Wins (7)[link]

{|class="sortable wikitable" !Year!!Championship!!54 Holes!!Winning Score!!Margin!!Runner(s)-up |-bgcolor="#D0F0C0" | 1958 ||Masters Tournament ||Tied for lead ||−4 (70–73–68–73=284) ||1 stroke || Doug Ford, Fred Hawkins |-bgcolor="#D0F0C0" | 1960 ||Masters Tournament (2)||1 shot lead ||−6 (67–73–72–70=282) ||1 stroke || Ken Venturi |-bgcolor="#FBCEB1" | 1960 ||U.S. Open ||7 shot deficit ||−4 (72–71–72–65=280) ||2 strokes || Jack Nicklaus |-bgcolor="#ABCDEF" | 1961 ||The Open Championship ||1 shot lead ||−8 (70–73–69–72=284) ||1 stroke || Dai Rees |-bgcolor="#D0F0C0" | 1962 ||Masters Tournament (3)||2 shot lead ||−8 (70–66–69–75=280) ||Playoff ¹|| Gary Player, Dow Finsterwald |-bgcolor="#ABCDEF" | 1962 ||The Open Championship (2)||5 shot lead ||−12 (71–69–67–69=276) ||6 strokes || Kel Nagle |-bgcolor="#D0F0C0" | 1964 ||Masters Tournament (4)||5 shot lead ||−12 (69–68–69–70=276) ||6 strokes || Dave Marr, Jack Nicklaus |} ¹ Defeated Gary Player & Dow Finsterwald in 18-hole playoff – Palmer (68), Player (71), Finsterwald (77)

Results timeline[link]

{| cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: #aaa solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;" |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" !align="left"|Tournament !1953 !1954 !1955 !1956 !1957 !1958 !1959 |- |The Masters |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T10 |align="center"|21 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T7 |align="center" style="background:#00ff00;"|1 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|3 |- |U.S. Open |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T21 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|7 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T23 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T5 |- |The Open Championship |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |- |PGA Championship |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|T40 |align="center"|T14 |}

{| cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: #aaa solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;" |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" !align="left"|Tournament !1960 !1961 !1962 !1963 !1964 !1965 !1966 !1967 !1968 !1969 |- |The Masters |align="center" style="background:#00ff00;"|1 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T2 |align="center" style="background:#00ff00;"|1 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T9 |align="center" style="background:#00ff00;"|1 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T2 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T4 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|4 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|27 |- |U.S. Open |align="center" style="background:#00ff00;"|1 |align="center"|T14 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|2 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T2 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T5 |align="center"|CUT |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|2 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|2 |align="center"|59 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T6 |- |The Open Championship |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|2 |align="center" style="background:#00ff00;"|1 |align="center" style="background:#00ff00;"|1 |align="center"|T26 |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|16 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T8 |align="center"|DNP |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T10 |align="center"|DNP |- |PGA Championship |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T7 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T5 |align="center"|T17 |align="center"|T40 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T2 |align="center"|T33 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T6 |align="center"|T14 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T2 |align="center"|WD |}

{| cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: #aaa solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;" |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" !align="left"|Tournament !1970 !1971 !1972 !1973 !1974 !1975 !1976 !1977 !1978 !1979 |- |The Masters |align="center"|T36 |align="center"|T18 |align="center"|T33 |align="center"|T24 |align="center"|T11 |align="center"|T13 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T24 |align="center"|T37 |align="center"|CUT |- |U.S. Open |align="center"|T54 |align="center"|T24 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|3 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T4 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T5 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T9 |align="center"|T50 |align="center"|T19 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T59 |- |The Open Championship |align="center"|12 |align="center"|DNP |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T7 |align="center"|T14 |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|T16 |align="center"|T55 |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|7 |align="center"|T34 |align="center"|DNP |- |PGA Championship |align="center" style="background:yellow;"|T2 |align="center"|T18 |align="center"|T16 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T28 |align="center"|T33 |align="center"|T15 |align="center"|T19 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |}

{| cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: #aaa solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;" |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" !align="left"|Tournament !1980 !1981 !1982 !1983 !1984 !1985 !1986 !1987 !1988 !1989 |- |The Masters |align="center"|T24 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|47 |align="center"|T36 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |- |U.S. Open |align="center"|63 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T60 |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |- |The Open Championship |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T23 |align="center"|T27 |align="center"|T56 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|CUT |- |PGA Championship |align="center"|T72 |align="center"|76 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T67 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T65 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T65 |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|T63 |}

{| cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: #aaa solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;" |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" !align="left"|Tournament !1990 !1991 !1992 !1993 !1994 !1995 !1996 !1997 !1998 !1999 |- |The Masters |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |- |U.S. Open |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |- |The Open Championship |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |- |PGA Championship |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |}

{| cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="font-size: 95%; border: #aaa solid 1px; border-collapse: collapse;" |- bgcolor="#eeeeee" !align="left"|Tournament !2000 !2001 !2002 !2003 !2004 |- |The Masters |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |align="center"|CUT |- |U.S. Open |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |- |The Open Championship |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |- |PGA Championship |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |align="center"|DNP |}

DNP = Did not play WD = Withdrew CUT = missed the half-way cut "T" indicates a tie for a place Green background for wins. Yellow background for top-10.

Summary of performances[link]

Starts – 142

Wins – 7

2nd place finishes – 10

Top 3 finishes – 19

Top 5 finishes – 26

Top 10 finishes – 38

Longest streak of top-10s in majors – 6

Champions Tour major championships[link]

Wins (5)[link]

{|class="sortable wikitable" !Year!!Championship!!Winning Score!!Margin!!Runner(s)-up |-bgcolor="#D8BFD8" | 1980 ||PGA Seniors' Championship || +1 (72-69-73-75=289) || Playoff¹ || Paul Harney |-bgcolor="#FBCEB1" | 1981 ||U.S. Senior Open || +9 (72-76-68-73=289) || Playoff² || Billy Casper, Bob Stone |-bgcolor="#D8BFD8" | 1984^a ||General Foods PGA Seniors' Championship (2) || −6 (69-63-79-71=282) || 2 strokes || Don January |-bgcolor="#FFFF99" | 1984 ||Senior Players Championship || −12 (72-68-67-69=276) || 3 strokes || Peter Thomson |-bgcolor="#FFFF99" | 1985 ||Senior Players Championship (2) || −14 (67-71-68-68=274) || 11 strokes || Miller Barber, Lee Elder, Gene Littler, Charles Owens |} ^a This was the January edition of the tournament. ¹ Palmer won this with a birdie on the first playoff hole. ² Won in an 18-hole playoff, Palmer shot a (70) to Stone's (74) and Casper's (77).

See also[link]

Arnold Palmer Center for Golf History

Arnold Palmer Tournament Golf (video game)

Golfers with most PGA Tour wins

Golfers with most major championship wins

Most PGA Tour wins in a year

Longest PGA Tour win streaks

Most wins in one PGA Tour event

Golfers with most Champions Tour wins

Golfers with most Champions Tour major championship wins

List of celebrities who own wineries and vineyards

Arnold Palmer (drink)

References[link]

External links[link]

Arnold Palmer – Profile at Golflegends

Arnold Palmer Invitational – PGA Tour event

Arnold Palmer Design Company

Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children

Bay Hill Club and Lodge – Palmer's winter home course

Latrobe Country Club – Palmer's summer home course

Arnold Palmer Tee – Palmer's namesake half iced tea and half lemonade drink

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Category:American male golfers Category:Wake Forest Demon Deacons men's golfers Category:PGA Tour golfers Category:Champions Tour golfers Category:Winners of men's major golf championships Category:Winners of senior major golf championships Category:World Golf Hall of Fame inductees Category:Golfers from Pennsylvania Category:Golf course architects Category:Golf writers and broadcasters Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients Category:Congressional Gold Medal recipients Category:Dapper Dan award winners Category:United States Coast Guard personnel Category:People from Latrobe, Pennsylvania Category:1929 births Category:Living people

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