Partido Independiente de Color

The Partido Independiente de Color (PIC) was a Cuban political party composed almost entirely of African former slaves. It was founded in 1908 by African veterans of the Cuban War of Independence. In 1912, the PIC led a revolt in the eastern province of Oriente. The revolt was crushed and the party disbanded. It is believed Esteban Montejo, subject of Miguel Barnets "Biografía de un cimarrón," was a member of this party, or had close associates who were.

Background

The Partido Independiente de Color (PIC) in Cuba started after the Cuban War of Independence (a part of the Spanish–American War). It was composed largely of veterans from the war, specifically the officer corps. The party was started by Afro-Cubans in response to the mistreatment they received at the hands of the revolutionary government. This was a result of the feeling of white superiority in early 20th century Cuba. The PIC advocated free university education as well as other civil liberties for the Black community. This movement eventually culminated in an armed struggle called the Cuban Race War in which U.S. Marines took part. This they did under the Platt Amendment, which authorized unilateral intervention by the U.S. in Cuban affairs. The PIC and its inability to find a diplomatic solution to Cuban racism can help us understand the political strife Cuba suffered in the early 1900s.

This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - https://wn.com/Partido_Independiente_de_Color

Independent Party (Uruguay)

The Independent Party (Spanish: Partido Independiente) is a social democratic and Christian humanist political party in Uruguay. The party is led by Pablo Mieres, who was presidential candidate in the 2004 national elections and in 2009.

Aims

Its goal is to build a third way away from the heterodox left-wing coalition Frente Amplio and the traditional right wing parties Colorado Party and National Party.

2004 electoral strength

At the 2004 national elections, it won 1.89% of the popular vote, one seat in the Chamber of Deputies (which is occupied by Iván Posada), and none in the Senate. It is the fourth largest party in Uruguay, and the smallest with parliamentary representation.

2009 electoral strength

At the 2009 national elections, it won 2.49% of the popular vote, and two seats in the Chamber of Deputies (occupied by Iván Posada and Daniel Radío).