Accenture

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Type	Public limited company
Traded as	NYSE: ACN
Industry	IT services, IT consulting
Predecessor(s)	Arthur Andersen (1989-2001)
Founded	2001
Headquarters	Dublin, Republic of Ireland
Area served	Worldwide
Key people	William D. Green (Chairman) Pierre Nanterme (CEO)
Services	IT, business consulting and outsourcing services
Revenue	US$ 27.35 billion (2011)[1]
Operating income	US$ 3.47 billion (2011)[1]
Net income	US$ 2.27 billion (2011)[1]
Total assets	US$ 15.73 billion (2011)[1]
Total equity	US$ 3.87 billion (2011)[1]
Employees	251,000 (May 2012)
Website	www.accenture.com

Accenture (NYSE: ACN) is a multinational management consulting, technology services and outsourcing company headquartered in Dublin, Republic of Ireland. It is the largest consulting firm in the world^[2] and is a Fortune Global 500 company.^[3] As of September 2011, the company had more than 244,000 employees across 120 countries.^[2][4] Accenture's current clients include 96 of the Fortune Global 100 and more than three-quarters of the Fortune Global 500. The international company was first incorporated in Bermuda in 2001.^[5] Since September 1, 2009 the company has been incorporated in Ireland.^[6]

Accenture is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the S&P 500.

History[link]

Formation and early years[link]

Accenture originated as the business and technology consulting division of accounting firm Arthur Andersen. The division's origins are in a 1953 feasibility study for General Electric. GE asked Arthur Andersen to automate payroll processing and manufacturing at GE's Appliance Park facility near Louisville, Kentucky. Arthur Andersen recommended installation of a UNIVAC I computer and printer, which resulted in the first commercially owned computer installation in the United States in 1954. Joe Glickauf was Arthur Andersen's project leader responsible for the payroll processing automation project. Now considered to be the father of computer consulting, Glickauf headed Arthur Andersen's Administrative Services division for 10 years.

Splitting from Arthur Andersen[link]

Through the 1990s, there was increasing tension between Andersen Consulting and Arthur Andersen. Andersen Consulting was upset that it was paying Arthur Andersen up to 15% of its profits each year (a condition of the 1989 split was that the more profitable unit – AA or AC – paid the other this sum), while at the same time Arthur Andersen was competing with Andersen Consulting through its own newly established business consulting service line called Arthur Andersen Business Consulting. This dispute came to a head in 1998 when Andersen Consulting claimed breach of contract against Andersen Worldwide Société Coopérative (AWSC) and Arthur Andersen. Andersen Consulting put the 15% transfer payment for that year and future years into escrow and issued a claim for breach of contract. In August 2000, as a result of the conclusion of arbitration with the International Chamber of Commerce, Andersen Consulting broke all contractual ties with AWSC and Arthur Andersen. As part of the arbitration settlement, Andersen Consulting paid the sum held in escrow (then $1.2 billion) to Arthur Andersen, and was required to change its name, resulting in the entity being renamed Accenture.

Perhaps most telling about who had "won" the decision was that four hours after the arbitrator made his ruling, Arthur Andersen CEO Jim Wadia suddenly resigned. Industry analysts and business school professors alike viewed the event as a complete victory for Andersen Consulting.^[7] Jim Wadia would provide insight on his resignation years later at a Harvard Business school case activity about the split. It turned out that the Arthur Andersen board passed a resolution saying he had to resign if he didn't get at least an incremental $4 billion (either through negotiation or via the arbitrator decision) for the consulting practice to split off; hence his quick resignation once the decision was announced.^{[citation needed]}

Accounts vary on why the split occurred – executives on both sides of the split cite greed and arrogance on the part of the other side, and executives on the Andersen Consulting side maintained breach of contract when Arthur Andersen created a second consulting group, AABC (Arthur Andersen Business Consulting) which began to compete directly with Andersen Consulting in the marketplace. Many of the AABC firms were bought out by other consulting companies in 2002, most notably, Hitachi Consulting and KPMG Consulting, which later changed its name to BearingPoint.

Andersen Consulting's change of name proved to be fortuitous as it avoided the taint when Arthur Andersen was effectively dissolved as a result of its role in the later Enron scandal.

Emergence of Accenture[link]

On January 1, 2001 Andersen Consulting adopted its current name, "Accenture". The word "Accenture" is supposedly derived from "Accent on the future". Although a marketing consultancy was tasked with finding a new name for the company, the name "Accenture" was submitted by Kim Petersen, a Danish employee from the company's Oslo, Norway office, as a result of an internal competition. Accenture felt that the name should represent its will to be a global consulting leader and high performer, and also intended that the name should not be offensive in any country in which Accenture operates.^{[citation needed]}

Initial public offering[link]

Accenture's banner hanging on New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) building for its initial public offering on July 19, 2001.

On July 19, 2001, Accenture offered initial public offering (IPO) at the price of $14.50 per share in New York Stock Exchange (NYSE); Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley served as its lead underwriters. Accenture stock closed the day at $15.17, with the day's high at $15.25. On the first day of the IPO, Accenture raised nearly $1.7 billion.^[8]

Bermuda headquarters[link]

In October 2002, the Congressional General Accounting Office (GAO) identified Accenture as one of four publicly traded federal contractors that were incorporated in a tax haven country.^[9] The other three, unlike Accenture, were incorporated in the United States before they re-incorporated in a tax haven country, thereby lowering their U.S. taxes. Critics, most notably former CNN journalist Lou Dobbs,^[10] have panned Accenture's incorporation in Bermuda because they viewed Accenture as having been a U.S.-based company trying to avoid U.S. taxes.^[11] The GAO itself did not characterize Accenture as having been a U.S.-based company; it stated that "prior to incorporating in Bermuda, Accenture was operating as a series of related partnerships and corporations under the control of its partners through the mechanism of contracts with a Swiss coordinating entity."

Ireland headquarters[link]

Accenture announced on May 26, 2009 that its Board of Directors unanimously approved changing the company’s place of incorporation to Ireland from Bermuda and would become Accenture plc.^[12]

The company cited several reasons for the change:

• Ireland's sophisticated, well-developed corporate, legal and regulatory environment
• Ireland's long history of international investment and long-established commercial relationships, trade agreements and tax treaties with European Union member states, the United States and other countries where Accenture does business
• Ireland's stable political and economic environment with the financial and legal infrastructure to meet Accenture's needs

The change was approved and became effective on September 1, 2009, the beginning of the company's 2010 fiscal year.

While Ireland is the company's headquarters for tax and legal purposes, much of the clerical administration occurs in the United States, mainly New York City and Chicago.

Operations[link]

A worldmap showing the 54 countries where Accenture has operations as of 2012 (coloured in blue)

Accenture organizes its services and people in these three primary cross-functional groupings. Accenture client engagement teams typically consist of a combination of industry experts, capability specialists and professionals with local market knowledge.

Workforces[link]

The four workforces serve clients in the areas of consulting, technology, and outsourcing, as well as the company itself. This is almost always an internal designation as it is commonplace for Accenture employees to work in blended teams for a variety of reasons.

• Consulting: Focus on management consulting, process design work and the application of technologies to business. Responsible for sales, delivery, and leadership of most of Accenture's project-based work. Contains Accenture Technology Labs. Levels are Analyst to Senior Executive.
• Services: Most focus on outsourcing engagements in the areas of business operations, IT, applications development and maintenance, help desk services, and HR. Can also work on Consulting-led projects. Levels are H through A (reverse alphabetical order, lowest to highest) and Senior Executive.
• Solutions: The Accenture Technology Solutions subsidiary focuses on the specific technology skills needed to deliver projects or outsourcing arrangements. Comprises the majority of Accenture's employees in delivery centers in developing countries like Brazil, India, and the Philippines. Levels are Programmer to Senior Executive, with slight regional variations.
• Enterprise: Focus on managing and supporting all activities across Accenture's business, including legal, security, facilities, marketing, and client financial management. Levels are Junior Assistant to Senior Executive.

Operating Groups[link]

As most consulting firms, Accenture operates in a matrix structure. The first axis is dedicated to the operating groups, or industries of its clients. The five Operating Groups comprise 19 industry groups which focus on industry evolution, business issues, and applicable technologies.^[13]

• Communications, Media & Technology: Communications, Electronics and High Tech, Media and Entertainment
• Financial Services: Banking, Capital Markets, Insurance
• Products: Automotive, Air, Freight & Travel Services, Consumer Goods & Services, Industrial Equipment, Infrastructure & Transportation Services, Life Sciences, Retail
• Resources: Chemicals, Energy, Natural Resources, Utilities
• Health & Public Service: Health, Public Sector, Non-profit, International Organizations, Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs)

Growth Platforms[link]

The second axis is the growth platforms, which broadly refers to the functional or technical domains in which Accenture's client-facing people specialize their skills, develop and use Accenture's methodology, and create and deliver solutions to clients.

• Consulting: This growth platform is focused on business solutions, processes, and change management in the areas of Customer Relationship Management, Finance & Performance Management, Process & Innovation Performance, Risk Management, Strategy, Supply Chain Management, and Talent & Organization Performance.
• Technology: This growth platform brings together the full range of systems integration, technology consulting, and IT outsourcing skills. Specialties include enterprise solutions, system integration, technical architecture, business intelligence, infrastructure consulting, and technology research/development. Most people in the Services and Solutions workforces are aligned under the Technology growth platform.^[13]
• Outsourcing: This growth platform focuses on the full range of Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) services to enable high performance, including function-specific services such as procurement, HR and finance and accounting, as well as services geared to the needs of specific industries such as utilities, insurance and health care.

Principal subsidiaries[link]

An Accenture building at Reston Town Center

• Coritel BPM is the Spanish subsidiary of Accenture for software development and outsourcing. It was founded in 1984 and currently has 6,500 employees.
• Avanade began as a joint venture between Microsoft and Accenture but is now well over 80% owned by Accenture. It provides IT consulting services and solutions for the Microsoft software platform.
• Navitaire is a subsidiary of Accenture providing specialized solutions to airlines.
• Accenture Federal Services is a subsidiary of Accenture that provides services directly to United States government in the national security space. Its customers include the US Departments of Defense, Homeland Security, Justice, and other agencies that focus on national defense and law enforcement. This Accenture subsidiary was specifically incorporated as a US subsidiary to meet a congressional mandate that defense contractors be based in the United States.
• Accenture Defense Group is a subsidiary of Accenture providing document management services, information technology software systems, and business process improvement strategies. Clients are governments, government suppliers of "WarFighter" goods and services, corporations, and also include transnational organizations such as the European Space Agency.^[14][15]
• Accenture Technology Solutions is a subsidiary of Accenture providing deep specialized technology skills^{[citation needed]} to clients and comprises the entire Solutions workforce, including most Accenture Delivery Centers in developing countries like The Philippines and Romania.
• Accenture SAP Solutions is a subsidiary of Accenture providing SAP computer software to clients, created with former Coritel BPM SAP resources.
• Digiplug is a subsidiary of Accenture, providing digital supply chain solutions to the entertainment industry. Based in France and founded in 1998, Digiplug supplies music and video manufacturing and delivery services to major music labels as well as wireless carriers and mobile terminal device manufacturers around the world.
• Accenture Mobility Operated Services is a subsidiary of Accenture which helps enterprises develop and deploy new revenue-generating mobile applications.
• Accenture Interactive is a subsidiary of Accenture which "helps companies develop world-class digital marketing capabilities and optimize their marketing investments".^{[citation needed]}
• Accenture CAS is the leading provider of customer management and mobility solutions to the consumer goods industry.

Leadership[link]

Chairman of the Board:

• Joe Forehand (February 2001 – August 2006)^[16]
• William "Bill" D. Green (September 2006 – …)^[17]

Chief executive officer:

• George Shaheen (November 1989 – November 1999 )
• Joe Forehand (November 1999 – August 2004)^[16]
• William D. "Bill" Green (September 2004 – December 2010)^[17]
• Pierre Nanterme (January 2011 – …)^[18]

Marketing and branding[link]

Accenture advertises in television, print, and in public places, such as airports, around the world. Previous marketing campaigns have featured slogans such as "Now it gets interesting.", replaced in 2002, and "Innovation delivered.", replaced in 2004. The current slogan is "High performance. Delivered."

Accenture has sponsored an international event called the Accenture Match Play Championship, part of the World Golf Championships, every year since 1999.^[19]

Until December 2009, Tiger Woods had been a celebrity spokesperson for the company, whose advertising used the service mark "Go on, be a Tiger" and the ancillary statement "We know what it takes to be a Tiger." The company terminated Tiger Woods' six-year sponsorship deal on December 13, 2009 and removed references to Woods from its website, after details of Woods's extra-marital affairs exploded in the media .^[20][21]

The current advertising campaign features client success stories and the slogan "High performance. Delivered."

The typeface used in the Accenture wordmark is Rotis Semi-sans. The right-pointing caret character over the t is intended to indicate the company's orientation to the future.^{[citation needed]} The character is similar to an accent mark in music.

See also[link]

Companies portal

• WGC-Accenture Match Play Championship
• Top 50 Business Intellectuals

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Navitaire's website

Business data

• Accenture plc at Google Finance
• Accenture plc at Yahoo! Finance
• Accenture plc at Hoover's
• Accenture plc at Reuters
• Accenture plc SEC filings at EDGAR Online
• Accenture plc SEC filings at the Securities and Exchange Commission