Beaufort Sea
Basin countries	Canada, United States
Surface area	476,000 km2 (184,000 sq mi)
Average depth	1,004 m (3,294 ft)
Max depth	4,683 m (15,364 ft)
References	[1][2]

The Beaufort Sea (French: mer de Beaufort) is a marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean,^[3] located north of the Northwest Territories, the Yukon, and Alaska, west of Canada's Arctic islands. The sea is named after hydrographer Sir Francis Beaufort. The major Mackenzie River empties into the Canadian part of the sea, west of Tuktoyaktuk, which is one of the few permanent settlements on the sea shores.

The sea, characterized by severe climate, is frozen over most of the year; only a narrow pass up to 100 km (62 mi) opens in August–September near its shores. The seacoast was populated about 30,000 years ago, but the population density is very low. The sea contains significant resources of petroleum and natural gas under its shelf, such as the Amauligak field. They were discovered in the period between 1950s and 1980s, and their exploration became the major human activity in the area since the 1980s. The traditional occupations of fishery and whale and seal hunting are practiced only locally, and have no commercial significance. As a result, the sea hosts one of the largest colonies of beluga whales, and there is no sign of overfishing. There is a long-standing dispute between the United States and Canada over the sea border area, but significant steps have been taken in 2010 toward its resolution.

Extent[link]

The International Hydrographic Organization defines the limits of the Beaufort Sea as follows:^[4]

On the North. A line from Point Barrow, Alaska, to Lands End, Prince Patrick Island (76°16′N 124°08′W / 76.267°N 124.133°W / 76.267; -124.133).

On the East. From Lands End through the Southwest coast of Prince Patrick Island to Griffiths Point, thence a line to Cape Prince Alfred, the Northwestern extreme of Banks Island, through its West coast to Cape Kellet, the Southwestern point, and thence a line to Cape Bathurst on the mainland (70°36′N 127°32′W / 70.6°N 127.533°W / 70.6; -127.533).

Border dispute[link]

The cross-hatched wedge-shaped region in the east is claimed by both Canada and the US

There is an ongoing dispute involving a wedge-shaped slice on the International Boundary in the Beaufort Sea, between the Canadian territory of Yukon and the U.S. state of Alaska. Canada claims the maritime boundary to be along the 141st meridian west out to a distance of 200 nmi (370 km; 230 mi), following the Alaska-Yukon land border.^[5][6] The position of the United States is that the boundary line is perpendicular to the coast out to a distance of 200 nmi (370 km; 230 mi), following a line of equidistance from the coast.^[6][7] This difference creates a wedge with an area of about 21,000 km² (8,100 sq mi) that is claimed by both nations.^[8]

Canada's position has its roots in Treaty of Saint Petersburg (1825) between the United Kingdom and the Russian Empire that set the boundary between the two. Canada is the successor state to Great Britain insofar as the continued applicability of this treaty, which set the boundary line between Canada and what was to be ceded to the U.S. as Alaska. The treaty stipulates that:^[6]

the line of demarcation shall follow the summit of the mountains situated parallel to the Coast, as far as the point of intersection of the 141st degree of West longitude [...] and, finally, from the said point of intersection, the said Meridian Line of the 141st degree, in its prolongation as far as the Frozen Ocean

—Article 3, Convention between Great Britain and Russia concerning the Limits of their Respective Possessions on the North-West Coast of America and the Navigation of the Pacific Ocean, 1825-02-16, 75 CTS 95^[6]

Canada maintains that this treaty is extensible from the land into the Beaufort Sea along the meridian; whilst the United States rejects this extension and instead asserts a boundary line based upon equidistance. The United States' bargaining position is somewhat undermined, however, by the fact that in the 1867 treaty where Alaska was ceded to it, the United States accepted similar treaty wording, and a similar interpretation.^[6] Both the U.S. and Canada agree that they are bound by the 1958 Convention on the Continental Shelf; and they both agree that the boundary should be "equitable", as determined by the International Court of Justice. They differ on what should be deemed "equitable". The U.S. contends that "equidistance is an appropriate principle for determining a maritime boundary where there are no special circumstances in the area and when equidistance results in a boundary in accordance with equitable principles". Canada contends that an equidistance principle does not result in an equitable boundary, because distortion would occur. The coast of Yukon is concave, whereas the coast of Alaska is convex; and thus an equidistance principle would result in a significant extension of the U.S. possession.^[9]

This dispute has taken on increased significance due to the possible presence of natural reserves within the wedge,^[6][10][11] which according to Canada's National Energy Board may contain 1,700,000,000 m³ (6.0×10¹⁰ cu ft) of gas, which would cover the national consumption for 20 years, and more than 1,000,000,000 m³ (3.5×10¹⁰ cu ft) of oil.^[8] Because of this, Canada argues that "special circumstances" apply to this border, a position that the U.S. rejects.^[9] This dispute is in this respect a mirror image of the dispute between the U.S. and Canada over the Gulf of Maine, where the U.S. argued for "special circumstances" and Canada argued for the equidistance principle.^[9] (It is to be noted that in that latter dispute, both of those arguments were rejected, and the border was drawn based upon geometric principles taking into account geographic factors.^[9]) Neither the U.S. nor Canada have pressed for a swift resolution for the matter, or arbitration at the International Court of Justice, however;^[6] and the two have in the meantime cooperated in several measures aimed at preserving the maritime environment.^[6][9]

The US had leased eight plots of terrain below the water to search for and possibly exploit oil reserves that induced a diplomatic protest from Canada (issued by the end of 2004).^[12] On 20 August 2009, United States Secretary of Commerce Gary Locke announced a moratorium on commercial fishing of the Beaufort Sea north of Alaska, including the disputed waters.^[13][14] In July 2010, US-Canada negotiations have started in Ottawa with the next meeting planned in 2011. A joint geological survey of the area has been initiated, and the issue was marked as settled by the CIA World Factbook,^[15] though no official document has been released by September 2010.

Geography[link]

Topography of the Beaufort Sea area.

Several rivers such as the Kongakut River in Alaska and the Firth River in Yukon empty into the Beaufort. The major river to flow into the sea is the Mackenzie, Canada's longest, which empties into the Canadian part of the sea, west of Tuktoyaktuk. The coastal shelf area is rather narrow, especially near and east of Point Barrow in the Alaskan part of the sea, and contains numerous submarine valleys. It becomes wider near the delta of the Mackenzie River but nowhere exceeds 145 km (90 mi). Near the coast, the depths are shallower than 60 m (200 ft) but they rapidly increase northwards up to a few kilometers, transforming into a massive platform which is geologically similar to that of the oceans. There are many small islands in the sea and in the delta of the Mackenzie River. A few larger ones lie west of the Mackenzie River, such as Herschel Island (4 km (2.5 mi) off the shore, area 18 km² (6.9 sq mi)) and Barter Island (0.3 km (0.19 mi) from the coast, area 13 km² (5.0 sq mi)). The coasts are low, with the maximum elevations between 250 and 750 m (820 and 2,460 ft).^[2] The soil is frozen all year around at the depth below about 1 m (3 ft 3 in) or less, forming permafrost, and only top few tens centimeters thaws in summer. Consequently, buildings have to be elevated above ground on wooden piles that are immersed into the permafrost.^[16]

Hydrology and climate[link]

Sea ice pressure ridges in the Beaufort Sea off the northern coast of Alaska (Spring, 1949).

The Beaufort Sea is frozen over through the year, except for August and September when the ice breaks near the coast and opens a 50–100 km (31–62 mi) wide strip of open water.^[1] The channels of the Mackenzie River thaw earlier, in late May–early June. This thawing increases the average water discharge from about 150,000 to 250,000 m³/s (5,300,000 to 8,800,000 cu ft/s).^[16]

Hidden changes in the ice cover of the Beaufort Sea were discovered in 2009. Whereas the ice area remain stable, as detected by the observation satellites, so as the associated water temperature and salinity, the ice structure has changed recently. The new ice, called rotten ice, is thinner and much weaker structurally.^[17]

The sea water has a stable temperature and is separated into four distinct layers as follows. The top 100 m (330 ft) are surface water which has a temperature of −1.4 °C (29.5 °F) in summer and −1.8 °C (28.8 °F) in winter. The next layer is formed by the inflows from the Pacific Ocean and Bering Sea coming through the Bering Strait; it extends up to the North Pole. The warmest, deep Atlantic layer has the temperatures between 0 and 1 °C (32 to 34 °F), and water at the bottom is a bit colder at −0.4 to −0.8 °C (31.3 to 30.6 °F).^[2] The average salinity varies between 28‰ and 32‰ (parts per thousand) from south to north.^[1] Typical air temperatures (at Tuktoyaktuk) are −27 °C (−17 °F) in January and 11 °C (52 °F) in July.^[18]

Northstar Island, an artificial island northwest of Prudhoe Bay, is a site of oil and gas drilling

The water currents form the clockwise-directed Beaufort Gyre, that results in south-westerly and westerly currents near the shores.^[19] The Mackenzie River partly affects this circulation inducing minor eastwards streams near its mouth. The river annually brings about 15 million tonnes of sediments which are rich in dolomite and calcium carbonate. Those deposits are spread over the sea and mixed with mud and gravel.^[2]

Flora and fauna[link]

The shoreline of the Beaufort Sea is covered with tundra and the northern limit of the terrestrial range^{[citation needed]} of the polar bear in North America. The Mackenzie River is an important habitat for whales and sea birds and is still relatively untouched by commercial traffic.^[20] The delta of Mackenzie River contains numerous lakes and ponds which are inhabited by muskrat.^[16]

The sea hosts about 80 species of zooplankton, more than 70 species of phytoplankton, and nearly 700 species of polychaetes, bryozoans, crustaceans and mollusks, but their total volume is relatively small owing to the cold climate.^[2][21] Major fish species include polar cod (Boreogadus saida), Arctic cod (Arctogadus glacialis), saffron cod (Eleginus gracilis), Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus), chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta), Arctic cisco (Coregonus autumnalis), least cisco (Coregonus sardinella), lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), broad whitefish (Coregonus nasus), Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii), fourhorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus quadricornis), inconnu (Stenodus leucichthys) and flatfish.^[22]

Endicott Island

The eastern part of the sea is a major habitat of beluga whales with an estimated population of 39,000. This population is stable and might even be increasing; it is not affected by the offshore oil exploration in the area. Belugas spend summer in the coastal area and Mackenzie River delta, which are free of ice then, and in winter migrate log distances to the polynyas of the deep sea. Genetic analyses have confirmed that belugas of the Beaufort Sea are clearly distinct from those of other Canadian and Alaskan waters, despite they often share a common wintering habitat.^[23]

The food chain of the Beaufort Sea is relatively simple: It starts with phytoplankton and epontic algae (single-cell algae associated with the lower interface of sea ice^[24]), which provide energy to zooplankton, and epontic and coastal amphipods. The latter serve as a food for sea birds and fish, primarily as polar cod and Arctic char. Polar cod is a major food of Arctic char, beluga, narwhal, sea birds and seals, which are dominated by the Bearded Seal (Erignatus barbatus) and Ringed Seal (Pusa hispida). Bearded seal and walrus also feed on benthic invertebrates. On top of the food pyramid stands polar bear, which feeds primarily on seals, but also on any large marine mammals when it has a chance, such as carcasses and whales trapped in ice fields.^[25]

Human activities[link]

The Beaufort Sea coasts were populated about 30,000 years ago by migrating aboriginal peoples from Siberia. Later, around 9,000 years ago, they were replaced by Indians (First Nations/Native Americans, approximately 4,000 ago by Paleo-Eskimos such as the Dorset culture, followed, around 1,000 years ago, by the Thule and finally by the modern Inuit. From early ages, they practiced fishing – bones of Arctic char were found at the 4,000 years old settlements. While originally they lived nomadic life, later, they started to form permanent settlements. Modern Inuit are mostly concentrated near the Mackenzie River delta. Their population is increasing, but the unemployment rate is relatively high.^[25]

Bowhead whales were hunted in the sea between 1888 and 1914. This practice stopped, first due to the decline in whale population and then due to government regulations, but resumed in 1990s.^[26]

The major settlements along the Beaufort Sea are Tuktoyaktuk (population 930 in 2009^[27]) in Canada and Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. Although Prudhoe Bay is permanently populated by only a few people, there are thousands of contract workers in the area employed at petroleum production at the Prudhoe Bay Oil Field, which is located on the coastal lowland known as the North Slope. Artificial islands, such as Endicott and Northstar have been raised near the shores in 1987 and 2001, respectively. The crude oil is transported through the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System to the southern port of Valdez.^[2]

The Beaufort Sea contains major gas and petroleum reserves beneath the seabed, a continuation of proven reserves in the nearby Mackenzie River and North Slope.^[12] The Beaufort Sea was first explored for sub-shelf hydrocarbons in the 1950s and estimated to contain about 250 km³ (60 cu mi) of oil and 300,000 km³ (72,000 cu mi) of natural gas under its coastal shelf. Offshore drilling began in 1972; about 70 wells were set up by 1980s^[28] and 200 wells by 2000.^[29] These activities resulted in displacement of about 46.5 km³ (11.2 cu mi) of the sea bottom soil which contained barite, clay, caustic soda, as well as heavy metals zinc, copper, lead, chromium, cobalt, nickel, cadmium and mercury. About 50,400 km³ (12,100 cu mi) of oil was produced in 1986.^[28]

A map showing the Trans-Alaska Pipeline colored in red.

A major gas field, named Taglu field, was discovered in the Mackenzie River delta in 1971, followed by the Parson Lake field and Niglintgak field. The estimated gas reserves of these fields are 58,600 km³ (14,100 cu mi), 35,400 km³ (8,500 cu mi) and 13,600 km³ (3,300 cu mi), respectively. Moreover, further into the sea from the Mackenzie delta lies the Amauligak field. This largest known oil deposit of the Beaufort Sea was discovered in 1984 and is estimated to contain 37.3 km³ (8.9 cu mi) of oil and 38,500 km³ (9,200 cu mi) of gas. Development of these fields is hindered by their remote location. This problem was alleviated for the Prudhoe Bay by constructing the Trans-Alaska Pipeline, but is limiting regular commercial production at Mackenzie River deposits.^[29] For example, the Amauligak Project was started soon after the field discovery. In September 1985, the tanker Gulf Beaufort has transported 50,300,000 l (316,377 bbl) of crude oil to Japan, which was the first shipment of oil from the Arctic deposits.^[30] However, the project has stalled after that.

Fishing and sea hunting are practiced by local population and have no commercial value, especially after the US moratorium on commercial fishing of the Beaufort Sea adopted in 2009.^[2] Trapping of muskrat at the Mackenzie River delta was the main source of income for the Indian and Eskimo people during 1920–1960, but has declined since.^[16]

See also[link]

• Petroleum exploration in the Arctic
• List of areas disputed by Canada and the United States
• Canadian Internal Waters
• Northwest Passage
• Arctic Policy of the United States

References[link]

Bibliography[link]

• L. S. Parsons, William Henry Lear, National Research Council of Canada Perspectives on Canadian marine fisheries management, NRC Research Press, 1993 ISBN 0-660-15003-4

Further reading[link]

• David G. Barber, Ryan Galley, Matthew G. Asplin, Roger De Abreu, Kerri-Ann Warner, Monika Pu?ko, Mukesh Gupta, Simon Prinsenberg, and Stéphane Julien (2009). "Perennial pack ice in the southern Beaufort Sea was not as it appeared in the summer of 2009". Geophysical Research Letters 36 (24): L24501. Bibcode 2009GeoRL..3624501B. DOI:10.1029/2009GL041434. 
• Dawn Russell (1992). "International Ocean Boundary Issues and Management Arrangements". In David VanderZwaag. Canadian Ocean Law and Policy. Toronto: Butterworths. pp. 463–505. 
• Donat Pharand (Autumn 1984). "The Legal Regime of the Arctic: Some Outstanding Issues". International Journal 49: 742–799. 
• Karin L. Lawson (1981). "Delimiting Continental Shelf Boundaries in the Arctic: The United States—Canada Beaufort Sea Boundary". Virginia International Law Journal 22: 221–246. 

External links[link]

• Sea Ice in the Beaufort Sea from NASA Earth Observatory
• Audubon Alaska's Arctic Marine Synthesis: Atlas of the Chukchi and Beaufort Seas

Coordinates: 72°N 137°W / 72°N 137°W / 72; -137

Dwayne Smith

Personal information
Full name	Dwayne Romel Smith
Born	(1983-04-12) 12 April 1983 (age 29) Codrington Hill, Saint Michael, Barbados
Batting style	Right-handed
Bowling style	Right-arm medium pace
International information
National side	West Indies
Test debut	2 January 2004 v South Africa
Last Test	25 March 2006 v New Zealand
ODI debut	25 January 2004 v South Africa
Last ODI	4 March 2010 v Zimbabwe
Domestic team information
Years	Team
2001–present	Barbados
2008, 2012–present	Mumbai Indians
2008–2010	Sussex
2009–2010	Deccan Chargers
2009–2010	New South Wales
2012–present	Khulna Royal Bengals
Career statistics
Competition	Test	ODI	FC	LA
Matches	10	77	81	138
Runs scored	320	925	3,679	2,362
Batting average	24.61	16.22	29.43	21.87
100s/50s	1/0	0/3	7/14	0/15
Top score	105*	68	155	96
Balls bowled	651	2,510	8,096	3,961
Wickets	7	56	124	95
Bowling average	49.14	36.78	32.69	33.77
5 wickets in innings	0	1	0	2
10 wickets in match	0	0	0	0
Best bowling	3/71	5/45	4/22	6/29
Catches/stumpings	9/–	26/–	78/–	45/–
Source: CricketArchive, 4 September 2011

Dwayne Romel Smith (born 12 April 1983) is a cricketer who has represented the West Indies. An all-rounder, he is known as an aggressive and powerful right-handed batsman, bowls medium pace, and is also an athletic fielder. Smith has played for Barbados since the start of his career but has also played three seasons for Sussex from 2008–10. He has become a sought-after Twenty20 player, making appearances in the Indian Premier League, for the Mumbai Indians and the Deccan Chargers, and for New South Wales in the Australian domestic competition.

Early West Indian domestic career[link]

Smith made his first-class debut for Barbados in January 2002 in a Regional Four Day Competition match against Guyana. He did not bowl in the match but made scores of 10 and 35, his second innings ended after he was out hit wicket, an unusual form of dismissal.^[1] In his fifth match of the season, against the Leeward Islands, there were two notable occasions for Smith; he took his first wicket and, with an innings of 102, scored his first century.^[2] He finished the season with a batting average of 21.36.^[3]

In the 2002–03 season his bowling was used more often, he took 7 wickets at an average of 28.42.^[4] His batting average improved to 24.55 but he was not able to score a half century during the season.^[5] Barbados finished as tournament winners but Smith did not feature in the final.^[6] It was not until the 2003–04 season that Smith played his first List-A match, scoring a duck on his debut against Antigua and Barbuda in the WICB Cup.^[7] However, his form improved and he finished the season with a batting average of 39.75 and a highest score of 92 not out.^[8]

International breakthrough[link]

Following the 2002–03 WICB Cup, Smith was included in the West Indies squad to tour South Africa. He made his Test debut in the third match of the series. After scoring 20 in the first innings, Smith helped the West Indies to save the game in the second as he made 105 not out on the final day to become the eleventh West Indian to score a hundred on Test debut.^[9] Smith played nine more Tests for the West Indies over the next two years without excelling with bat or ball, his debut hundred remains the only time he has passed 50 in a Test innings. During the tour he also made his ODI debut. He played all five matches of the series and finished with a disappointing average of 12.33.^[10]

ODI regular (2004–2007)[link]

After playing all five matches of the ODI series against England in April/May 2004, averaging 29.25 with the bat,^[11] Smith took part in his most successful ODI series yet, against the touring Bangladesh team. Smith won two man of the match awards to help the West Indies win the series 3–0. The first was achieved after an innings of 62 not out in the second match at Kingstown followed by an all-round display at St George's where he took 3/24 in addition to scoring 23.^[12][13]

Later in the year Smith endured a disastrous tour of England. After a poor performance in the triangular ODI tournament (also involving New Zealand), where he averaged 4.20 with the bat^[14] and 56.33 with the ball,^[15] he was forced to return home after injuring his shoulder in the final Test.^[16] The injury ruled him out of that year's Champions Trophy and he did not play another international match until May 2005.

In his return to the side he played all five matches of the home ODI series against South Africa. His performance was poor, in particular his bowling, he took one wicket for 135 runs.^[17] He had more success in the Indian Oil Cup later in the year, playing against India and hosts, Sri Lanka. The West Indies failed to qualify for the final but Smith finished the tournament with respectable averages of 31.75 with the bat^[18] and 40.00 with the ball.^[19]

In the early 2006 tour against New Zealand Smith made his biggest bowling contribution yet to the West Indies team, taking 9 wickets at an impressive average of 24.33.^[20] His wicket tally included innings figures of 5/45, which earned him the man of the match award at Eden Park and remains his best ODI bowling figures.^[21] Smith made his Twenty20 International debut during the tour, scoring 9 runs and taking 2 wickets in a tied match.^[22]

Champions Trophy and World Cup[link]

After featuring in home series against Zimbabwe and India, and the DLF Cup (a triangular tournament played in Malaysia that also included Australia and India), Smith was included in the West Indies squad for the 2006 Champions Trophy.^[23] Although the West Indies, who were defending the title they won in 2004, reached the final, Smith made little contribution with bat or ball. After taking only two wickets^[24] and scoring eight runs over five matches played during the tournament,^[25] he was not included in the final against Australia.

Indian Premier League[link]

In 2008 Smith was added to the Mumbai Indians squad during the inaugural IPL season, he replaced his national team-mate Dwayne Bravo.^[26] He played four games during the season and was most notable for his bowling; he took 5 wickets at an average of 16.60.^[27]

In the following edition of the IPL Smith was bought at the player auction for US$100,000 by the Deccan Chargers.^[28] His batting was a lot more successful than his bowling on this occasion; he scored 215 runs at an average of 26.87 compared with 1 wicket at an average of 124.00.^[29][30] Deccan Chargers won the tournament but Smith did not appear in the knock-out stages. He was retained by the Deccan chargers for the 2010 season but only played three matches.^[31] In 2012, he was signed by the Mumbai Indians as a replacement player for the injured Mitchell Johnson. On 06 May 2012, he played a vital role in the win of Mumbai Indians against Chennai Super Kings, when he hit Ben Hilfenhaus to the fence thrice in a row - a 6, followed by two consecutive 4s, when 14 runs were required off the last three balls.^[32]

County Cricket[link]

Smith has spent three seasons playing for the English County side Sussex. He originally signed for Sussex on a short-term deal for their 2008 Twenty20 Cup season. After impressive performances, in particular a highest score of 72 not out against Hampshire, he signed a two-and-a-half year deal as a Kolpak player.^[33] That season Smith also played in for Sussex in the Pro40. He played seven of the eight matches, helping Sussex to the Division one title.^[34]

Smith played a much greater role in the following season for Sussex, making appearances in all four domestic competitions. Sussex reached two finals in the season, the first of which, the Friends Provident Trophy they lost to Hampshire with Smith scoring 20.^[35] The next final was to be more successful for Smith as Sussex beat Somerset in the Twenty20 Cup earning the man of the match award with his innings of 59.^[36] More success came for Sussex and Smith that season when they again won the Pro40, he averaged 35.16 with the bat^[37] and 15.88 with the ball.^[38] He also took a hat-trick in a game against Nottinghamshire.^[39] Although they were successful in the one-day formats, they were relegated from Division one of the County Championship. Because of their victory in the Twenty20 Cup, Sussex qualified for the Champions League. Smith decided to play for Sussex rather than his IPL team, the Deccan Chargers, who had also qualified for the tournament.^[40] Sussex were eliminated after finishing last in the group stage.^[41]

He returned to Sussex to play in the Friends Life t20 in 2010 as an overseas player after his Kolpak status had expired.^[42]

New South Wales[link]

Smith was signed by New South Wales for the 2009–10 KFC Twenty20 Big Bash. He played all five matches in the group stage as New South Wales finished fourth and did not proceed to the final. Although his batting was disappointing, 25 runs at 7.75,^[43] he took 6 wickets at an average of 17.50.^[44]

Return to international cricket[link]

Smith ended a gap of nearly two and a half years out of the West Indies side when he was called up to the squad for the ODI and T20I series in Australia in early 2010. Although Smith performed well, averaging 43.33 with the bat^[45] and 32.71 with the ball, the West Indies were soundly beaten 4–0 in the ODI series. After playing two matches against Zimbabwe following the tour of Australia, Smith again found himself out of the side. He was recalled for the Twenty20 series against England in September 2011.^[46]

ODI Career Highlights[link]

References[link]

Keita Suzuki

Personal information
Full name	Keita Suzuki
Date of birth	(1981-07-08) July 8, 1981 (age 30)
Place of birth	Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
Height	1.76 m (5 ft 9 in)
Playing position	Defensive midfielder
Club information
Current club	Urawa Red Diamonds
Number	13
Youth career
1997–1999	Tōkai University Fuzoku Shōyō H.S.
Senior career*
Years	Team	Apps†	(Gls)†
2000–	Urawa Red Diamonds	279	(7)
National team‡
2002–2004	Japan U23	26	(2)
2005–2009	Japan	28	(0)
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only and correct as of 28 August 2011. † Appearances (Goals). ‡ National team caps and goals correct as of 1 January 2011

Keita Suzuki (鈴木 啓太, Suzuki Keita^?, born July 8, 1981) is a Japanese football (soccer) player. He is a defensive midfielder and currently plays for Urawa Red Diamonds. He is a cousin of Koki Mizuno.^{[citation needed]}

Career[link]

After graduating from Tōkai University Fuzoku Shōyō High School, he joined J. League side Urawa Red Diamonds in 2000. His first professional appearance came in an Emperor's Cup match against Honda Lock S.C. on December 3, 2000. He broke into Urawa's first team in 2001 and became a mainstay in the midfield. He contributed to the club winning the J. League championship in 2006 and was chosen as one of the J. League Best Eleven 2006.

He was a captain for the Japan's Olympic team through the final qualifying stage to Athne 2004. However, he was not included in the final squad for the Olympic as coach Masakuni Yamamoto favoured overage player Shinji Ono.

Japan's former national coach Ivica Osim rated Suzuki highly and handed him his first senior cap on August 9, 2006, in a friendly match against Trinidad and Tobago. He is the only player who started all of the 20 matches under Osim's reign. Osim once referred to him as the Japanese answer to Claude Makélélé.^[1]

Career statistics[link]

As of 28 August 2011

Club[link]

¹Includes J. League Championship, Japanese Super Cup, A3 Champions Cup and FIFA Club World Cup.

International[link]

^[2]

Appearances in major competitions[link]

Team	Competition	Category	Appearances		Goals	Team Record
			Start	Sub
Japan	2004 Summer Olympics Qualification	U-22~23	6	1	1	Qualified
Japan	2007 AFC Asian Cup qualification	Senior	5	0	0	Qualified
Japan	2007 AFC Asian Cup	Senior	6	0	0	4th place
Japan	2010 FIFA World Cup qualification	Senior	2	0	0	Qualified

International goals[link]

Scores and results list Japan's goal tally first.

Under-23[link]

#	Date	Venue	Opponent	Score	Result	Competition
1.	10 October 2002	Munsu Cup Stadium, Ulsan	Thailand	2–0	3–0	2002 Asian Games
2.	3 March 2004	Al Jazira Stadium, Abu Dhabi	Lebanon	2–0	4–0	2004 Summer Olympics Qualification

Awards and honours[link]

Japan[link]

• Afro-Asian Cup of Nations: 1

2007

Club[link]

Urawa Red Diamonds

• J. League Division 1: 1

2006

• Emperor's Cup: 2

2005, 2006

• J. League Cup: 1

2003

• AFC Champions League: 1

2007

• Japanese Super Cup: 1

2006

Individual[link]

• Japanese Footballer of the Year: 1

2007

• J. League Best Eleven: 2

2006, 2007

References[link]

External links[link]

• (Japanese) Official site
• Urawa Red Diamonds Player Squad
• FIFA Statistics
• (Japanese) Yahoo! Sports Profile

v t e Japan squad – 2007 AFC Asian Cup Fourth Place 1 Kawaguchi (c) 2 Konno 3 Komano 5 Tsuboi 6 Abe 7 Endō 8 Hanyu 9 Yamagishi 10 S. Nakamura 11 Satō 12 Maki 13 Suzuki 14 K. Nakamura 15 Mizuno 18 Narazaki 19 Takahara 20 Yano 21 Kaji 22 Nakazawa 23 Kawashima 24 Hashimoto 28 Ota 29 Inoha Coach: Osim