Look up template in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Template may mean:

• a stencil, pattern or overlay used in graphic arts (drawing, painting, etc.) and sewing to replicate letters, shapes or designs
• a pre-developed page layout in electronic or paper media used to make new pages with a similar design, pattern, or style
• Form letter, a predefined letter which retains its primary intent when individually customised with variable data or text.

Computer science and information technology[link]

• Template (file format), a standardized non-executable file type used by computer software as a pre-formatted example on which to base other files, especially documents
• Template (C++), a tool for generic programming especially in the C++ language
• Template metaprogramming, a programming technique used by a compiler to generate temporary source code
• Template method, an object-oriented design pattern
• Template processor, a system that combines a template with data to produce an output.
• Template (word processing), a standard document containing layout and styles used to configure word processing software
• Style sheet (web development) or master page on which you can globally edit and format graphic elements and text common to each page of a document
• Web template or web template system, a master page used to produce web pages
• A main document from which mail merge documents are created

Manufacturing[link]

• Mechanical template, used to cut and shape a product, such as:
  • a die (manufacturing)
  • a mold

Molecular genetics[link]

• a strand of DNA which sets the genetic sequence of new strands
• a strand of RNA which translates genes into proteins

Miscellaneous[link]

• Template (racing), a device used in car racing to ensure that the body of the race vehicle adheres to specifications

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2012)

De La Soul
De La Soul in Berlin (2004) David Jude Jolicoeur aka Dave (left), Vincent Mason aka Maseo (middle) and Kelvin Mercer aka Posdnous (right)
Background information
Origin	East Massapequa / Amityville, Long Island, New York, United States[1]
Genres	Alternative hip hop
Years active	1987–present
Labels	Tommy Boy/Warner Bros. Records Sanctuary/BMG Records
Associated acts	Prince Paul, A Tribe Called Quest, Mos Def, Jungle Brothers, Queen Latifah, Monie Love, Black Sheep, Gorillaz, dan le sac vs Scroobius Pip
Website	shopdelasoul.com
Members
Posdnuos Dave Maseo

De La Soul is an American hip hop trio formed in 1987 on Long Island, New York.^[2] The band is best known for their eclectic sampling, quirky lyrics, and their contributions to the evolution of the jazz rap and alternative hip hop subgenres. The members are Kelvin Mercer, David Jude Jolicoeur and Vincent Mason, known under a variety of nicknames. The three formed the group in high school and caught the attention of producer Prince Paul with a demo tape of the song "Plug Tunin'".

With its playful wordplay, innovative sampling, and witty skits, the band's debut album, 3 Feet High and Rising, is considered a hip hop masterpiece^[3]. It is the band's biggest commercial success to date, with their subsequent albums selling progressively less, despite receiving high praise from critics. A measure of 3 Feet High and Rising's cross-over appeal was the fact that it was voted Album of the Year by NME, a title better known for its taste in guitar-based music. De La Soul have influenced numerous other hip hop artists such as Camp Lo, The Black Eyed Peas, and Digable Planets.^{[citation needed]} They were influential in the early stages of rapper/actor Mos Def's career, and are a core part of the Spitkicker collective. They are the second longest standing Native Tongues Posse group, after the Jungle Brothers.

In 2006, the group won a Grammy for their collaboration with Gorillaz on the single "Feel Good Inc."^[4]

History[link]

Early period[link]

De La Soul's debut album, 3 Feet High and Rising, released in 1989, was a critical smash hit in the hip hop genre. They quickly became prominent members of the Native Tongues Posse along with A Tribe Called Quest, Black Sheep, Queen Latifah, the Jungle Brothers and others. The single "Me Myself and I" became a huge hit, further cementing the group's popularity. However, the sixties pop group The Turtles sued De La Soul for using a sample from their 1969 hit "You Showed Me" for the interlude track "Transmitting Live from Mars", despite the fact that The Turtles did not actually write the original song.^[5]

Lyrically, much of 3 Feet High and Rising focused on striving for peace and harmony — a message that was slowly fading from the rap community in the late 1980s. 3 Feet High and Rising also introduced De La Soul's concept of the "D.A.I.S.Y. Age" (an acronym standing for "da inner sound, y'all"). As a result, audiences were quick to peg the members of De La Soul as hippies. This stereotype greatly agitated the group's members, as they always envisioned their career as a constantly changing style; this frustration would influence their next recording sessions. In the press kit for 3 Feet High and Rising, the members explained their stage names: Trugoy when reversed spells yogurt, because he likes yogurt, and Posdnuos spelled backwards is "sound sop". The album artwork was designed by radical British artist collective the Grey Organisation^[6]

De La Soul's second album, De La Soul Is Dead (1991) was a much more mature album. It featured a wealth of material that criticized the violent, careless direction that hip hop was heading in at the time, though it still managed to maintain a light, absurd sense of humor. The cover of the album features a broken daisy flower pot, symbolizing the death of the "D.A.I.S.Y. Age" and the imagery that went along with it. The album spawned several singles, including the dark "Millie Pulled a Pistol on Santa", a tale of a young girl who could no longer take the sexual abuse from her father, and the lead single "Ring Ring Ring (Ha Ha Hey)", a story about the people who used De La's recent fame to try to launch their own careers.

De La collaborated with the Black Sheep on "Fanatic of the B Word," Q-Tip from A Tribe Called Quest on "A Roller Skating Jam Named "Saturdays"", and Prince Paul makes an appearance on the mic in "Pass the Plugs" with a verse of his own. The album also more prominently featured Vincent Mason as a rapper, providing verses of his own on "Bitties in the BK Lounge," "Afro Connections at a Hi-5," and "Ring Ring Ring (Ha Ha Hey)".

Though it received mixed reviews and did not sell as well as 3 Feet High and Rising it eventually became a cult classic. The Source magazine listed the album as one of their top 100 hip hop albums of all time, stating that "its true genius is rarely understood"^{[citation needed]}. There are several major differences between the CD version of this album and the other formats, as the tracks "Johnny's Dead AKA Vincent Mason", "My Brother's a Basehead", "Kicked Out the House", and "Who Do U Worship?" are only available on the CD. The limited edition double vinyl promotional copies of the album distributed to the media before the official release did not feature these.

Middle period[link]

De La Soul performing live in London (2007)

The group's third studio release, 1993's Buhloone Mindstate, saw the group evolve a new sound as they continued to grow stylistically and musically. There were several moments on the album which proved the band had matured. "I Be Blowin'" was a departure as the track was an instrumental featuring saxophone playing by Maceo Parker. The introspective "I Am I Be" showed De La Soul at their most self referential to date with subject matter about Pos' daughter Ayana Monet as well as his grandmother. "Long Island Wildin'" was a collaboration with Japanese hip hop artists Kan Takagi (Major Force) and trio Scha Dara Parr (SDP). The album's first single, "Breakadawn", used a sample of Michael Jackson's "I Can't Help It" and Smokey Robinson's "Quiet Storm". De La Soul collaborated for the first time with Gang Starr's Guru on "Patti Dooke", female MC Shortie No Mas, a cousin of Posdnuos, was prominent on many tracks on the album, showcased particularly "In The Woods". The album ended with an old school Biz Markie collaboration called "Stone Age". Missing from vocal duties is Mase, whose voice can only be heard on "Area" in a break near the end of the track. Also rarely featured is his scratching which was heard often on previous albums, with only "In the Woods" showcasing his talent in that area. The album was a critical success, but it was the biggest commercial failure for the group at the time of its release. Many publications, such as Rolling Stone, have listed this album as one of the best hip hop albums of all time.

In 1994, 500 copies of a promotional EP called Clear Lake Audiotorium were released on clear vinyl and CD. The 6 track EP contained edited versions of tracks off of Buhloone Mindstate but also featured the tracks "Sh.Fe.MC's" (Shocking Female MC's) which was a collaboration with A Tribe Called Quest, and Stix & Stonz which featured old-school hip hop artists Grandmaster Caz, Tito of Fearless Four, Whipper Whip, LA Sunshine and Superstar. The EP was widely bootlegged afterwards.

Stakes Is High (1996) was the first album not produced by Prince Paul, with overall production credits given solely to the trio. Although it was met with poor sales, it has been critically lauded for its music, lyricism, and its overall message concerning the artistic decline rap music began to face in the mid-90s. The title track and first single, produced by J Dilla, was not a hit, but the album's second single, "Itzsoweezee (HOT)", with only Dave on vocals, did fare better due to its creative music video. The album spawned a third single "4 More", featuring Zhane which peaked at #52 in the UK. The album did provide a launching pad for future star rapper and actor Mos Def, who appeared on the track "Big Brother Beat". The album also featured collaborations with Common, Truth Enola, and the Jazzyfatnastees.

Later period[link]

Four years later, De La Soul announced that they would release a triple album series entitled "Art Official Intelligence" (or AOI). All three albums were intended to be released within a year, beginning with the release of Art Official Intelligence: Mosaic Thump. This was followed by AOI: Bionix in late 2001. After this, however, the third and final album in the AOI series was never released. For the next two years, the only De La Soul releases were singles or remix compilations. David Jude Jolicoeur stated in an interview that it usually takes about four years for the group to record an album, promote it with advertisements, touring and so on. The group was having trouble finishing the last AOI installment for many reasons, one of which being an ongoing struggle with Tommy Boy Records,^{[citation needed]} which had been releasing its albums ever since its debut.

In the summer of 2002, De La Soul toured with Cake, Modest Mouse, The Flaming Lips, Kinky, and the Hackensaw Boys during the Unlimited Sunshine Tour. The band was briefly featured in the video game PaRappa the Rapper 2 with the song "Say "I Gotta Believe!"", featuring Double, and also appeared on the soundtrack of the game.

In 2004, De La Soul released a new full album: The Grind Date on Sanctuary/BMG Records because the venture between Tommy Boy and Warner Bros. Records was shut down and the group's contract was shopped to the other WEA labels. The band thought about having its contract absorbed by Elektra Records, but it decided to leave WEA altogether. Although it was not the third AOI album fans had been expecting, the album was released to some critical acclaim and was well-received by most fans. The album features guests MF Doom, Ghostface Killah, Butta Verses and Flavor Flav, with production from 9th Wonder, Jake One, Madlib and more. The lead single "Shopping Bags (She Got from You)" did not fare very well and set the tone for disappointing commercial acceptance. In conjunction with the album's release, the group also offered up the track "Come on Down" featuring Flavor Flav for remixing on Sony's Acid Planet website. The winning remix was "Come On Down (KY Raised NY Glazed)" by Interlude Jones who said he tried to "take the influential sound of old New York hip hop and marry it back to its roots."

[edit] Since The Grind Date

In 2005, De La Soul collaborated with Gorillaz on the hit single "Feel Good Inc.," which won a Grammy for Best Pop Vocal Collaboration (the first Grammy win in the group's career) after being nominated for a total of three Grammys.^[4][7] De La Soul also appeared on the LA Symphony single "Universal" and Posdnuos collaborated with the Portuguese MC Boss AC on a track called "Yo (Não Brinques Com Esta Merda)" (which translates to "Don't Play with This Shit").

In 2006, De La Soul released a mixtape of new and old songs titled Hip-Hop Mixtape. This album was covermount into British dance magazine Mixmag. The same year, De La Soul released another mixtape of new and old songs, this time titled The Impossible: Mission TV Series - Pt. 1 on its AOI Records label.^[8] De La Soul collaborated with the athletic sneaker giant Nike to produce two versions of the Nike Dunk under their skateboarding division, Nike SB. The sneakers were an instant hit and sold out at most retail stores.

De La Soul at the Marsatac Festival in 2008

In 2008, the group joined A Tribe Called Quest, Nas, The Pharcyde and others on the annual Rock the Bells tour.^[9] De La Soul were honorees at the 5th Annual VH1 Hip Hop Honors on October 6, 2008. In late 2008 the group collaborated with dan le sac vs Scroobius Pip and re-recorded its debut single "Thou Shalt Always Kill."

De La Soul returned as a guest on the third Gorillaz studio album, Plastic Beach alongside Super Furry Animals frontman Gruff Rhys on the song "Superfast Jellyfish". They were supposed to appear on a track entitled "Sloped Tropics", though this song did not make the final cut. They co-wrote the song "Electric Shock", which features Derby-based Orchestra sinfonia ViVA. This song does not appear on the album either, but does contain certain elements in the Gorilaz' track "Rhinestone Eyes". Gorillaz' frontman Damon Albarn played the song when he filled in for Zane Lowe on BBC Radio 1.

In 2010, De La Soul remixed indie rockers Yo La Tengo's single, "Here To Fall for the Here To Fall" remixes EP which included remixes by RJD2 and Pete Rock.

De La Soul and Nike released Are You In?: Nike+ Original Run, which was the group's first original material since The Impossible: Mission TV Series - Pt. 1. The album features Raheem DeVaughn as well as production from the Chicago based duo Flosstradamus.^[10] The recording is a single-track recording at 44 minutes, 17 seconds and was made available exclusively through iTunes. It is part of a continuing series of releases through the "Nike+ Sport Music" section of the online store. Are You In? was scheduled for release on 28 April 2009, but was not immediately available due to technical issues. Group member Posdnuos said to ClashMusic.com of Are You In?, "It had to feel like a De La album that wasn't just a poster for Nike – we wanted people to feel it was a great album on its own terms. We always think things through and put quality into anything we do – we never look to just take the cheque and run."^[11]

On April 2, 2012, the group released De La Soul's Plug 1 & Plug 2 presents... First Serve with very little promotion, the album was released to positive reviews. The album was released without Plug 3, Maseo. The reason for his absence is unknown, but it is certain that the group is intact and have not broken up.

De La Soul have confirmed that they are again collaborating with Prince Paul and have "a lot" of music on the way, including the tentatively named eighth album, You're Welcome.^[12] In March 2012, they reported that Maseo was working on beats for two new albums, one sample based, and one with a thirteen piece band.^[13]

Discography[link]

• 3 Feet High and Rising (1989)
• De La Soul is Dead (1991)
• Buhloone Mindstate (1993)
• Stakes Is High (1996)
• Art Official Intelligence: Mosaic Thump (2000)
• AOI: Bionix (2001)
• The Grind Date (2004)
• First Serve (2012)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Video Interview with De La Soul
• De La Soul discography at Discogs

Mise-en-scène (French pronunciation: [mizɑ̃sɛn] "placing on stage") is an expression used to describe the design aspects of a theatre or film production, which essentially means "visual theme" or "telling a story"—both in visually artful ways through storyboarding, cinematography and stage design, and in poetically artful ways through direction. Mise-en-scène has been called film criticism's "grand undefined term".^[1]

When applied to the cinema, mise-en-scène refers to everything that appears before the camera and its arrangement—composition, sets, props, actors, costumes, and lighting.^[2] Mise-en-scène also includes the positioning and movement of actors on the set, which is called blocking. These are all the areas overseen by the director, and thus, in French film credits, the director's title is metteur en scène, "placer on scene."

Interpretation[link]

This narrow definition of mise-en-scène is not shared by all critics. For some, it refers to all elements of visual style—that is, both elements on the set and aspects of the camera. For others, such as U.S. film critic Andrew Sarris, it takes on mystical meanings related to the emotional tone of a film.

The term is sometimes used to represent a style of conveying the information of a scene primarily through a single shot—often accompanied by camera movement.^[3][4] Two academic papers, Brian Henderson's Essay on the "Long Take" (1976) and Lutz Bacher's MA thesis entitled "The Mobile Mise-en-Scène" (1976), discuss the use of Mise en Scène in long shots and shots that encompass a whole scene.^[5][6] Neither conflates its meaning with how the term was originally applied to film in the Cahiers de Cinéma. This recent and limiting redefinition of the term makes it synonymous with a "oner" or a single shot that encompasses an entire scene. This use of the term displays some ignorance of both the traditional use of the term in French theatre and film and it's actual translated meaning, which is, broadly, "to put in the scene".

In German filmmaking in the 1910s and 1920s, one can observe tone, meaning, and narrative information conveyed through mise-en-scène. Perhaps the most famous example of this is The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1919) where a character's internal state of mind is represented through set design and blocking.

The similar-sounding, but unrelated term, "metteurs en scène" (figuratively, "stagers") was used by the auteur theory as a disparaging label for directors who did not put their personal vision into their films.^{[citation needed]}

Because of its relationship to shot blocking, mise-en-scène is also a term sometimes used among professional screenwriters to indicate descriptive (action) paragraphs between the dialog.

Only rarely is mise-en-scène critique used in other art forms, but it has been used effectively to analyse photography.

Key aspects of mise en scène[link]

Set design 

An important element of "putting in the scene" is set design—the setting of a scene and the objects (props) they're in. Set design can be used to amplify character emotion or the dominant mood of a film, or to establish aspects of the character.

Lighting 

The intensity, direction, and quality of lighting have a profound effect on the way an image is perceived. Light (and shade) can emphasize texture, shape, distance, mood, time of day or night, season, glamour; it affects the way colors are rendered, both in terms of hue and depth, and can focus attention on particular elements of the composition.

Space 

The representation of space affects the reading of a film. Depth, proximity, size and proportions of the places and objects in a film can be manipulated through camera placement and lenses, lighting, set design, effectively determining mood or relationships between elements in the story world.

Costume 

Costume simply refers to the clothes that characters wear. Using certain colors or designs, costumes in narrative cinema are used to signify characters or to make clear distinctions between characters.

Acting 

There is enormous historical and cultural variation in performance styles in the cinema. Early melodramatic styles, clearly indebted to the 19th century theater, gave way in Western cinema to a relatively naturalistic style.

References[link]

Further reading[link]

Look up mise en scène in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Bordwell, David; Thompson, Kristin (2010). "Chapter 6 - The Shot: Mise-en-Scène". Film Art: An Introduction (9th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 175–228. ISBN 978-0-07-122057-6. OCLC 456179577.  Also OCLC 690437186. Has a concise definition of mise en scène.

External links[link]

• The Straight Dope: What do artsy film critics mean by "mise-en-scene"?
• Yale University Film Analysis Site: "mise-en-scene"
• Buster Answers: Mise en Scène
• Indy Mogul 4 Minute Film School: Mise en Scene

Look up scene or scenes in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Scene may refer to:

Arts and media[link]

• Scene (drama), an element of a larger fictional work such as a play
• Scene (film), a part of action in a single location in a TV or movie, composed of a series of shots
• Scene (UK TV series), a BBC drama anthology for teenagers
• "The Scene" (Entourage), Entourage episode
• The Scene, WGPR-TV Detroit dance show, Oct. 1975 to Dec. 1987, replaced by The New Dance Show
• Cleveland Scene, an alternative newspaper in Cleveland, Ohio, United States
• Scene, a bi-weekly entertainment magazine published for London, Ontario, Canada
• CBC News: The Scene, a Canadian entertainment news show on CBC, hosted by Jelena Adzic

Music and culture[link]

• Scene (album), a 2005 noise album by Merzbow
• Scenes (album), a 1992 music album by Marty Friedman
• SCENE Music Festival, an annual festival held in downtown St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
• "The Scene" (song), a song by Canadian band Big Sugar from their 1998 album Heated
• A name used by Japanese Punk guitarist Minoru Kojima
• The Scene (performance venue), legendary New York nightclub operated by Steve Paul between 1964 and 1970; commonly known as "Steve Paul's The Scene"
• Ocean Colour Scene, a rock band from Birmingham, England, United Kingdom
• Selena Gomez & the Scene, a band formed by actress/singer Selena Gomez
• Indie music scene

Science & technology[link]

• Scene (perception), a set of information that can flow from a physical environment into a perceptual system via sensory transduction
• Warez scene, a subculture of people who make copies of software, music and movies and/or distributes them, also known as The Scene
• Demoscene, a computer subculture
• Computer art scene or Artscene, a group of people creating computer-based art
• scene file in computer graphic

Other[link]

• A type of debit card offered in Canada by Scotiabank
• Scene (BDSM)

• All pages beginning with "Scene"
• All pages with titles containing "Scene"
• Scenic (disambiguation)
• Scenery
• Seen (disambiguation)
• Cene

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1946

Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.

Events[link]

January[link]

• January 6 – A revised and streamlined revival of Kern and Hammerstein's Show Boat opens on Broadway at the Ziegfeld Theatre.
• January 7 – The Allies recognize the Austrian republic with 1937 borders, and divide the country into 4 occupation zones.

January 10: First meeting of UN.

January 10: Project Diana

• January 10
  • The first meeting of the United Nations is held in London.
  • Project Diana bounces radar waves off the Moon, measuring the exact distance between the Earth and the Moon, and proving that communication is possible between Earth and outer space, effectively opening the space age.
• January 11
  • Enver Hoxha declares the People's Republic of Albania, with himself as prime minister.
  • Porfirio Barba-Jacob's ashes go back to Colombia.
• January 16 – Charles de Gaulle resigns as a head of a French provisional government.
• January 17
  • The UN Security Council holds its first session.
  • Senator Dennis Chavez (D-NM) calls for a vote on an FEPC bill which calls for an end to discrimination in the workplace. A filibuster prevents it from passing.
• January 19 – The Bell X-1 is launched for the first time.
• January 20 – Charles de Gaulle resigns as president of France.
• January 22 – Iran: Qazi Muhammad declares the independent people's Republic of Mahabad at the Chuwarchira Square in the Kurdish city of Mahabad. He is the new president, Hadschi Baba Scheich is the prime minister.

January 28: Bluenose founders.

• January 25 – The United Mine Workers rejoins the American Federation of Labor.
• January 28 – The Canadian schooner Bluenose founders on a Haitian reef.
• January 29 – The Central Intelligence Group is established (the CIA in 1947).
• January 31
  • The last session of the Permanent Court of International Justice occurs.
  • Yugoslavia's new constitution, modeling the Soviet Union, establishes 6 constituent republics (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia).

February[link]

• February 1
  • Trygve Lie of Norway is selected as the first United Nations Secretary General.
  • The Kingdom of Hungary becomes a republic.
• February 14
  • The Bank of England is nationalized.
  • ENIAC (for "Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer"), an early general-purpose electronic computer, is unveiled at the University of Pennsylvania.
• February 15 – Canada indicts 22 communist agents.
• February 20 – An explosion kills more than 400 coal miners in West Germany.
• February 24 – Juan Perón is elected president of Argentina.
• February 28 – In Philadelphia, General Electric strikers and police clash.

March[link]

• March 2
  • British troops withdraw from Iran according to treaty; the Soviets do not.
  • Ho Chi Minh is elected President of North Vietnam.
• March 4 – C.G.E. Mannerheim resigns as president of Finland.
• March 5 – In his speech at Westminster College, in Fulton, Missouri, Winston Churchill talks about the Iron Curtain.
• March 6 – Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh signs an agreement with France which recognizes Vietnam as an autonomous state in the Indochinese Federation and the French Union.
• March 7 – The 18th Academy Awards ceremony is held.
• March 9
  • Juho Kusti Paasikivi becomes president of Finland.
  • Bolton Wanderers stadium disaster at Burnden Park, Bolton, England, 33 killed and hundreds amongst the injured
• March 10 – British troops begin withdrawing from Lebanon.
• March 15 – Clement Attlee promises independence to India as soon as they can agree on a constitution.
• March 19
  • The Soviet Union and Switzerland resume diplomatic relations.
  • French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Réunion become overseas départements of France.
• March 22 – The United Kingdom grants Transjordan, as it is then known, its independence; 3 years later the country changes its name to Jordan.^[1]
• March 29 – The Gold Coast has an African majority in its parliament.

April[link]

• April 1
  • A 14-meter high tsunami strikes Hilo and Laupāhoehoe on the Big Island of Hawaii; 173 are killed, thousands injured.
  • The Malayan Union is formed.
  • Singapore becomes a Crown colony.
• April 3 – Japanese Lt. General Masaharu Homma is executed outside Manila, the Philippines for leading the Bataan Death March.
• April 10 – In Japan, women vote for the first time, during elections for the House of Representatives of the 90th Imperial Diet.
• April 17 – Syria's independence from France is officially recognized.
• April 18
  • The inaugural session of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) occurs.
  • The United States recognizes Josip Broz Tito's government in Yugoslavia.
  • The League of Nations, in its last meeting, transfers its mission to the United Nations and disbands itself.
• April 23 – The Eastern Pennsylvania Basketball League (Which is now the CBA) is founded.
• April 27 – FA Cup: Derby County beat Charlton Athletic in the first FA Cup final since the end of the war
• April 28 – Pestalozzi Children’s Village (Kinderdorf Pestalozzi) established at Trogen in Switzerland to accommodate and educate orphans of World War II according to Pestalozzian principles.^[2]
• April 29 – Trial against war criminals begin in Tokyo; the accused include Hideki Tōjō, Shigenori Tōgō and Hiroshi Ōshima.

May[link]

• May 1 – At least 800 Indigenous Australian pastoral workers walk off the job in Northwest Western Australia, starting one of the longest industrial strikes in Australia.
• May 2 – Six inmates unsuccessfully try to escape from Alcatraz Prison. A riot occurs, the so-called "Battle of Alcatraz".
• May 7 – Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering (later renamed Sony) is founded with about 20 employees.
• May 9 – King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy abdicates, and is succeeded by his son Humbert II.
• May 10
  • Nehru is elected leader of the Congress Party in India.
  • The first V-2 rocket is successfully launched at the White Sands Missile Range.
• May 20 – The British House of Commons decides to nationalize mines.
• May 21 – At the Los Alamos Laboratory, Dr. Louis Slotin saves his coworkers but receives a fatal dose of ionizing radiation (the incident is initially classified).
• May 22 – The Kingdom of Transjordan is founded.
• May 25 – The parliament of Transjordan makes emir Abdullah their king.
• May 26 – Czechoslovak parliamentary election, with Communist victory (38%), last before communist take power
• May 31 – A Greek referendum supports the return of the monarchy.

June[link]

• June 1 – Ion Antonescu, prime minister and "Conducator" (Leader) of Romania during World War II is executed; he was found guilty of betraying the Romanian people for benefits of Germany and sentenced to death by the Bucharest People's Tribunal.
• June 2 – In a referendum, Italians decide to turn Italy from a monarchy into a republic. Women vote for the first time.
• June 3 – The Interpol organization re-founded, telegraphic address “Interpol” adopted.
• June 6 – The Basketball Association of America is formed in New York City.
• June 8 – In Indonesia, Sukarno incites his supporters to fight Dutch colonial occupation.
• June 9 – In Thailand, King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) accedes the throne after the mysterious death of his brother, King Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII).
• June 10 – Italy is declared a republic.
• June 13 – Humbert II of Italy leaves the country and goes into exile in Portugal; Alcide de Gasperi becomes head of state.
• June 14 – The Baruch Plan is proposed to the United Nations
• June 17
  • A tornado on the Detroit River kills 17.
  • Laurence Olivier's Henry V opens in the United States nearly 2 years after its release in England. It is the first Shakespeare film in color, and critics hail it as the finest film of a Shakespeare play ever made.
• June 23 – 1946 Vancouver Island earthquake.
• June 25 – International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) (World Bank) begins operations.
• June 30 – The War Relocation Authority is abolished.

July[link]

• July 1 – Nuclear testing: Operation Crossroads, a series of nuclear weapon tests conducted by the United States at Bikini Atoll in Micronesia, is initiated by detonation of Able at an altitude of 520 feet (158 m).
• July 4
  • Ankara University is founded in Turkey.
  • After over 381 years of Western dominance, the Philippines attains full independence.
• July 5 – Bikinis go on sale in Paris.
• July 7
  • Mother Frances Xavier Cabrini becomes the first American saint to be canonized.
  • Howard Hughes nearly dies in a test flight of the Hughes XF-11 and crashes it in a suburban Beverly Hills neighborhood because of a propeller malfunction.
• July 16 – Bureau of Land Management (BLM) within Department of the Interior (formed by merger of Grazing Service and General Land Office).
• July 21 – An Irgun bomb explodes in Jerusalem because of secretive talks between Jews and Britain to consolidate the state of Israel.
• July 22 – King David Hotel bombing: The Irgun bombs the King David Hotel (headquarters of the British civil and military administration) in Jerusalem, killing 90.
• July 25
  • Nuclear testing: In the first underwater test of the atomic bomb, the surplus USS Saratoga is sunk near Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, when the United States detonates the Baker device during Operation Crossroads.
  • At Club 500 in Atlantic City, New Jersey, Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis stage their first show as a comedy team.
  • In the last mass lynching in the United States, a mob of white men shoot and kill two African-American couples near Moore's Ford Bridge in Georgia.

August[link]

• August 1
  • The Atomic Energy Commission is established.
  • The Hungarian Forint is introduced in Hungary by the government, ending the world's biggest hyperinflation in the country.
• August 3 – Holiday World, originally called Santa Claus Land, opens to the public. It became the 1st themed park preceding Disneyland by 9 years.
• August 4 – The 1946 Dominican Republic earthquake (magnitude 8.0) hits the northern Dominican Republic, killing 100, and leaving 20,000 homeless.
• August 16 The Kurdistan Democratic Party is founded in South Kurdistan.
• August 18 – The Vergarolla explosion in Croatia kills 70.
• August 19 – Violence between Muslims and Hindus in Calcutta leaves 3,000 dead.
• August 25 – Ben Hogan wins the PGA Championship.

September[link]

• September 2 – Interim Government of India takes charge with Jawaharlal Nehru as Vice President.
• September 4 – Street violence between Muslims and Hindus erupts in Bombay.
• September 8 – Bulgaria is declared a People's Republic after a referendum; King Simeon II leaves.
• September 24 – Cathay Pacific Airways is founded by Roy C Farrell and H de Kantzow.
• September 28 – George II of Greece returns to Athens.

October[link]

• October 1 – Mensa International is founded in the United Kingdom.
• October 2 – Communists take over in Bulgaria.
• October 13 – France adopts the constitution of the Fourth Republic.
• October 14 – International Organization for Standardization (ISO) founded.
• October 15 – Nuremberg Trials: Hermann Göring, founder of the Gestapo and recently convicted Nazi war criminal, poisons himself hours before his scheduled execution.
• October 16
  • Nazi War criminals convicted in the Nuremberg Trials are executed by hanging in a gymnasium in the Nuremberg Palace of Justice premises.
  • The United Nations' first meeting in Long Island is held.

November[link]

• November 1 – In the first Basketball Association of America game, the New York Knicks defeat the Toronto Huskies 68–66 at Toronto's Maple Leaf Gardens.
• November 4 – UNESCO established as a specialized agency of the United Nations.
• November 5 – Senate and House elections in the United States both give majorities to the Republicans.
• November 10
  • At least 1,400 people are killed in an earthquake measuring 7.4 on the Richter Scale, in the Ancash Region and Quiches District in Peru.
  • The Slimbridge Wetland Reserve opens in England.
• November 12
  • A truce is declared between Indonesian nationalist troops and the Dutch army in Indonesia.
  • In Chicago, a branch of the Exchange National Bank (now part of the LaSalle Bank) opens the first 10 drive-up teller windows.
• November 15 – The Netherlands recognizes the Republic of Indonesia.
• November 17 – Eight British servicemen are killed in Jerusalem by Jewish nationalists.
• November 19
  • Afghanistan, Iceland and Sweden join the United Nations.
  • Romanian general election, 1946: The Romanian Communist Party wins 79.86% of the vote through widespread intimidation tactics and electoral fraud.
• November 22 – Tony Benn is elected as Treasurer of the Oxford Union.
• November 23
  • Vietnamese riot in Haiphong and clash with French troops. The French cruiser Suffren opens fire, killing 6,000 Vietnamese.
  • The Workers Party of South Korea is founded.
• November 27 – Cold War: Indian Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru appeals to the United States and the Soviet Union to end nuclear testing and to start nuclear disarmament, stating that such an action would "save humanity from the ultimate disaster."

December[link]

• December 1 – Miguel Alemán Valdés takes office as President of Mexico.
• December 2 The International Whaling Commission was signed in Washington to "provide for the proper conservation of whale stocks and thus make possible the orderly development of the whaling industry".
• December 7 – A fire at the Winecoff Hotel in Atlanta, United States kills 119.
• December 11 – UNICEF (the United Nations Children's Emergency Fund) is founded.
• December 12
  • The United Nations severs relations with Franco's Spain and recommends that member countries sever diplomatic relations.
  • Léon Blum founds a government of socialist parties in France.
  • Iranian troops recapture the Azerbaijan province and the Kurdish Republic of Mahabad, both of which had seceded earlier in the year.
• December 14 – The International Labour Organization becomes a specialized agency of the United Nations.
• December 16 – Siam joins the United Nations (changes name to Thailand in 1949).
• December 19 – Viet Minh forces begin a war against French occupying forces in Vietnam, succeeding in 1954 with France's surrender at Dien Bien Phu.
• December 20
  • Frank Capra's It's a Wonderful Life, featuring James Stewart, Donna Reed, Lionel Barrymore, Henry Travers, and Thomas Mitchell, is released in New York.
  • At least 1,362 people are killed in an earthquake and associated tsunami in Japan.
• December 22 – The Havana Conference begins between U.S. organized crime bosses in Havana, Cuba.
• December 24 – France's Fourth Republic is founded.
• December 25 – The first artificial, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction in Europe was initiated within the Soviet (Russian) nuclear reactor F-1.
• December 26
  • The Flamingo Hotel opens on the Las Vegas Strip.
  • David Lean's Great Expectations, based on the Charles Dickens novel, and featuring John Mills, Valerie Hobson, Martita Hunt, Alec Guinness, Francis L. Sullivan, Jean Simmons, and Finlay Currie, is released to great acclaim in the UK.
• December 31 – President Harry Truman delivers Proclamation 2714, which officially ends hostilities in World War II.

Date unknown[link]

• The 20 mm M61 Vulcan Gatling gun contract is released.
• Female suffrage is enacted in Belgium, Romania, Yugoslavia, Argentina and the Canadian province of Quebec.
• The first female police officers are hired in Korea and Japan.
• The Chinese Civil War intensifies between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China.
• The first Tupperware is sold in department and hardware stores.
• The British government takes emergency powers to deal with the balance-of-payments crisis.
• Eva Perón tours Spain, Italy and France on behalf of Argentina, a circuit called the Rainbow Tour.
• The NFL team San Francisco 49ers is formed.
• The Casio Company is founded by engineer Tadao Kashio.
• Binghamton University is founded.

Births[link]

January–February[link]

• January 1 – Roberto Rivelino, Brazilian football player
• January 3
  • John Paul Jones, English rock bassist (Led Zeppelin)
  • Cissy King, American dancer and singer
• January 5 – Diane Keaton, American actress and film director
• January 6 – Syd Barrett, English rock guitarist and singer (Pink Floyd) (d. 2006)
• January 8
  • Stanton Peele, American psychologist
  • Robby Krieger, American rock musician (The Doors)
• January 9 – Mogens Lykketoft, Danish politician
• January 11
  • Ha Yu, Hong Kong actor
  • Naomi Judd, American country singer
  • John Piper, American theologian
• January 12 – George Duke, American musician
• January 14 – Harold Shipman, British serial killer (d. 2004)
• January 16
  • Kabir Bedi, Indian actor
  • Katia Ricciarelli, Italian singer
• January 18 – Joseph Deiss, Swiss Federal Councillor
• January 19
  • Julian Barnes, English novelist
  • Dolly Parton, American country singer and actress
• January 20 – David Lynch, American film director
• January 21 – Johnny Oates, American baseball player and manager (d. 2004)
• January 22
  • Malcolm McLaren, British music manager (d. 2010)
  • Serge Savard, Canadian hockey player and executive
• January 24 – Michael Ontkean, Canadian actor
• January 26 – Gene Siskel, American film critic (d. 1999)
• January 27 – Nedra Talley, American singer (Ronettes)
• January 29 – Bettye Lavette, American soul singer-songwriter
• January 31 – Terry Kath, American rock musician (d. 1978)
• February 1 – Elisabeth Sladen, English actress (d. 2011)
• February 2
  • Blake Clark, American actor and comedian
  • Isaias Afewerki, President of Eritrea
• February 5 – Charlotte Rampling, British actress
• February 6 – Jim Turner, American politician
• February 7 – Pete Postlethwaite, English actor (d. 2011)
• February 9 – Séan Neeson, Northern Irish politician
• February 13 – Colin Matthews, British composer
• February 14
  • Bernard Dowiyogo, President of Nauru (d. 2003)
  • Gregory Hines, American dancer and actor (d. 2003)
• February 19 – Karen Silkwood, American activist (d. 1974)
• February 20 – Brenda Blethyn, English actress
• February 21
  • Tyne Daly, American actress
  • Alan Rickman, English actor
  • Anthony Daniels, English actor
• February 25
  • Franz Xaver Kroetz, German dramatist
  • Jean Todt, French motorsport boss
• February 26 – Ahmed H. Zewail, Egyptian chemist, Nobel Prize laureate
• February 28
  • Robin Cook, British politician (d. 2005)
  • Don Francisco, American Christian musician

March–April[link]

• March 1
  • Jan Kodes, Czech tennis player
  • Lana Wood, American actress and producer
• March 4
  • Michael Ashcroft, English entrepreneur
  • Haile Gerima, Ethiopian filmmaker
  • Harvey Goldsmith, British impresario
• March 5 – Lova Moor, French singer and dancer
• March 6 – David Gilmour, English rock musician (Pink Floyd)
• March 7 – Peter Wolf, American rock musician (The J. Geils Band)
• March 10 – Mike Hollands, Australian animator
• March 12 – Liza Minnelli, American singer and actress
• March 13 – Yonatan Netanyahu, American-born Israeli Army officer, killed in Operation Entebbe (d. 1976)
• March 15 – Bobby Bonds, American baseball player and manager (d. 2003)
• March 17 – Georges J. F. Kohler, German biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (d. 1995)
• March 21
  • Timothy Dalton, Welsh actor
  • Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen
• March 25 – Cliff Balsam, English footballer
• March 26 – Johnny Crawford, American child actor and musician
• March 27 – Olaf Malolepski, German musician (Die Flippers)
• March 28 – Alejandro Toledo, former President of Peru
• March 29 – Billy Thorpe, English-born Australian singer-songwriter (d. 2007)
• March 30 – Carolyn Simpson, judge of the Supreme Court of New South Wales
• March 31 – Gonzalo Márquez, Venezuelan Major League Baseball player (d. 1984)
• April 4 – Dave Hill, English guitarist (Slade)
• April 5
  • Jane Asher, English actress
  • Björn Granath, Swedish actor
• April 7
  • Colette Besson, French track and field athlete (d. 2005)
  • Léon Krier, Luxembourgian architect
• April 12 – Ed O'Neill, American actor
• April 16 – Margot Adler, American journalist
• April 19 – Tim Curry, British actor, singer and composer
• April 20 – Julien Poulin, Canadian actor
• April 25
  • John Fox, British statistician
  • Talia Shire, American actress
  • Strobe Talbott, American journalist
  • Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Russian politician
• April 30 – King Carl XVI Gustav of Sweden

May–June[link]

• May 1 – Joanna Lumley, English actress and author
• May 2 – Lesley Gore, American rock singer
• May 4 – John Watson, Northern Irish racecar driver
• May 7 – Thelma Houston, American singer
• May 9
  • Candice Bergen, American actress
  • Drafi Deutscher, German Schlager singer (d. 2006)
• May 10
  • Donovan Leitch, Scottish rock musician
  • Dave Mason, English rock musician (Traffic)
• May 11 – Robert Jarvik, American physicist and artificial heart inventor
• May 12 – Richard Bruce Silverman, John Evans Professor of Chemistry at Northwestern University
• May 16 – Robert Fripp, British musician
• May 17 – Udo Lindenberg, German musician
• May 18 – Reggie Jackson, American baseball player
• May 19
  • André the Giant, French professional wrestler (d. 1993)
  • Claude Lelièvre, Belgian Commissioner for Children Rights
• May 20 – Cher, American actress and rock singer
• May 22 – George Best, Northern Irish footballer (d. 2005)
• May 23 – Frederik de Groot, Dutch actor
• May 26 – Mick Ronson, English guitarist (d. 1993)
• May 28 – K. Satchidanandan, Malayalam poet
• May 29 – Fernando Buesa, Basque politician (d. 2000)
• May 30 – Candy Lightner, American founder of Mothers Against Drunk Driving
• June 2 – Peter Sutcliffe, English serial killer
• June 7
  • Robert Tilton, American televangelist and author
  • Jenny Jones, Palestinian-Canadian comedienne and talk show hostess
• June 8 – Pearlette Louisy, Governor-General of St. Lucia
• June 10 – Fernando Balzaretti, Mexican actor (d. 1998)
• June 14 – Donald Trump, American real estate magnate
• June 15
  • Demis Roussos, Greek singer
  • Noddy Holder, English rock singer (Slade)
  • Janet Lennon, American singer (The Lennon Sisters)
• June 17 – Marcy Kaptur, U.S. Representative for the Ninth Congressional District of Ohio
• June 18
  • Russell Ash, British author
  • Fabio Capello, Italian football player and manager
• June 20 – Xanana Gusmão, first President of East Timor
• June 22 – Kay Redfield Jamison, American psychiatrist
• June 23 – Ted Shackelford, American actor
• June 24
  • Ellison Onizuka, American astronaut (d. 1986)
  • Robert Reich, 22nd United States Secretary of Labor
• June 28 – Gilda Radner, American comedienne and actress (d. 1989)
• June 29 – Egon von Furstenberg, Swiss fashion designer (d. 2004)

July–August[link]

• July 2 – Richard Axel, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
• July 4
  • Ed O'Ross, American actor
  • Michael Milken, American financier
  • Sam Hunt, New Zealand poet
• July 6
  • George W. Bush, 43rd President of the United States
  • Sylvester Stallone, American actor, screenwriter and film director
• July 9
  • Bon Scott, Australian rock singer (AC/DC) (d. 1980)
  • Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (Jimi Hendrix Experience) (d. 2008)
• July 11 – Jack Wrangler, American porn star (d. 2009)
• July 13 – Cheech Marin, American actor and comedian
• July 14 – John Wood, Australian actor
• July 15 – Linda Ronstadt, American singer and songwriter
• July 16
  • Dave Goelz, American puppeteer
  • Ron Yary, American football player
  • Toshio Furukawa, Japanese voice actor
• July 17 – Alun Armstrong, English actor
• July 19 – Ilie Năstase, Romanian tennis player
• July 22
  • Danny Glover, American actor and film director
  • Mireille Mathieu, French singer
• July 23 – Sally Flynn, American singer
• July 25 – Rita Marley, Jamaican singer
• July 29 – Ximena Armas, Chilean painter
• July 30 – Neil Bonnett, American race car driver (d. 1994)
• August 1
  • Mike Emrick, American sportscaster
  • Sandi Griffiths, American singer
• August 3 – Jack Straw, British politician
• August 5 – Ron Silliman, American poet
• August 9 – Jim Kiick, American football player
• August 16 – Lesley Ann Warren, American actress and singer
• August 17 – Drake Levin, guitarist for the band Paul Revere & The Raiders.
• August 19
  • Bill Clinton, 42nd President of the United States
  • Beat Raaflaub, Swiss conductor
  • Charles Bolden, American astronaut
• August 20
  • Ralf Hütter, German techno singer and musician (Kraftwerk)
  • N. R. Narayana Murthy, Indian businessman
• August 23 – Keith Moon, English rock drummer (The Who) (d. 1978)
• August 24 – John Grahl, British economist
• August 25
  • Charles Ghigna (Father Goose), American poet and children's author
  • Rollie Fingers, American baseball player
• August 26
  • Valerie Simpson, American singer
  • Mark Snow, American composer
  • Zhou Ji, education minister of the People's Republic of China
• August 29
  • Bob Beamon, American athlete
  • Leona Gom, Canadian novelist and poet
  • Dimitris Christofias, sixth president of Cyprus

September–October[link]

• September 1
  • Roh Moo-hyun, President of South Korea
  • Barry Gibb, British/Australian rock musician (Bee Gees)
• September 2 – Luis Avalos, Cuban-born American character actor
• September 3 – Francisco Trois, Brazilian chess player
• September 4
  • Gary Duncan, American rock guitarist (Quicksilver Messenger Service)
  • Greg Elmore, American rock drummer (Quicksilver Messenger Service)
• September 5
  • Dennis Dugan, American actor and director
  • Freddie Mercury, Zanzibar-born English singer (Queen) (d. 1991)
• September 7
  • Willie Crawford, American baseball player (d. 2004)
  • Francisco Varela, Chilean biologist (d. 2001)
• September 9
  • Bruce Palmer, Canadian musician (Buffalo Springfield) (d. 2004)
  • Doug Ingle, American rock vocalist (Iron Butterfly)
  • Billy Preston, American soul musician (d. 2006)
• September 10
  • Jim Hines, American athlete
  • Don Powell, English rock drummer (Slade)
• September 15
  • Tommy Lee Jones, American actor
  • Oliver Stone, American film director and producer
• September 18 – Akira Kamiya, Japanese voice actor
• September 19 – Connie Kreski, American model (d. 1995)
• September 21
  • Moritz Leuenberger, Swiss Federal Councilor
  • Mikhail Kovalchuk, Russian physicist and official
  • Richard St. Clair, American musician and composer
• September 23 – Franz Fischler, Austrian politician
• September 24 – Lars Emil Johansen, Prime Minister of Greenland
• September 25
  • Jerry Penrod, American bass player
  • Felicity Kendal, British actress
  • Morari Bapu, Hindu Kathakaar
• September 26
  • Christine Todd Whitman, American politician
  • Radha Krishna Mainali, Nepalese politician
  • Andrea Dworkin, American feminist and writer (d. 2005)
• September 28 – Jeffrey Jones, American actor
• September 30
  • Héctor Lavoe, Puerto Rican singer (d. 1993)
  • Claude Vorilhon, French-born 'messenger' of Raelism
• October 1 – Tim O'Brien, American author
• October 2
  • Gen. Sonthi Boonyaratglin, President of the Council for National Security and Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Army
  • Marie-Georges Pascal, French actress
• October 3 – P. P. Arnold, American singer
• October 4 – Susan Sarandon, American actress
• October 6
  • Lloyd Doggett, American politician
  • Renate Holub, German philosopher
• October 7
  • Xue Jinghua, Chinese ballerina
  • Catharine MacKinnon, American feminist
• October 8
  • Hanan Ashrawi, Palestinian scholar
  • John T. Walton, son of Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton (d. 2005)
• October 9 – Tansu Çiller, Turkish politician
• October 10
  • Anne Boyd, Australian musician
  • Chris Tarrant, British radio and TV personality
  • Naoto Kan, Japanese politician
  • Mildred Grieveson (aka: Anne Mather, Caroline Fleming, Cardine Fleming), British writer
• October 11
  • Amitabh Bachchan, Indian actor
  • Daryl Hall, American rock musician (Hall & Oates)
  • Sawao Kato, Japanese gymnast
• October 13
  • Demond Wilson, American actor and minister
  • Edwina Currie, English politician
  • Dorothy Moore, American singer
• October 14
  • Justin Hayward, English rock singer and songwriter (The Moody Blues)
  • François Bozizé, President of the Central African Republic
• October 15
  • Richard Carpenter, American pop musician and composer (The Carpenters)
  • John Getz, American actor
  • Marsha Hunt, American singer and novelist
• October 16
  • Suzanne Somers, American actress and singer
  • Elizabeth Witmer, Dutch-born politician
• October 17
  • Vicki Hodge, English actress and model
  • Bob Seagren, American athlete and actor
• October 18
  • James Robert Baker, American novelist, screenwriter
  • Howard Shore, Canadian film composer
  • Andrea Zsadon, Hungarian soprano
• October 19 – Philip Pullman, English author
• October 20
  • Elfriede Jelinek, Austrian writer, Nobel Prize laureate
  • Marty Gervais, Canadian writer,
• October 21 – Lyn Allison, Australian politician
• October 22 – Eileen Gordon, British politician
• October 25 – Edith Leyrer, Austrian actress
• October 26 – Pat Sajak, American game-show host
• October 27
  • Leslie L. Byrne, American politician
  • Ivan Reitman, Slovakian-born film director and producer
• October 28 – Sharon Thesen, Canadian poet
• October 29 – Kathryn J. Whitmire, Mayor of Houston, Texas
• October 30
  • Lynne Marta, American actress
  • Andrea Mitchell, American journalist
• October 31 – Stephen Rea, Northern Irish actor

November[link]

• November 1
  • Marina Abramovic, Yugoslavian performance artist
  • Ric Grech, British rock bassist (Family, Blind Faith, Traffic) (d. 1990)
  • Lynne Russell, American newsreader
• November 2 – Giuseppe Sinopoli, Italian conductor and composer (d. 2001)
• November 4 – Laura Bush, former First Lady of the United States
• November 5
  • Herman Brood, Dutch artist (d. 2001)
  • Loleatta Holloway, American singer
  • Gram Parsons, American musician (d. 1973)
• November 6 – Sally Field, American actress and singer
• November 7 – Diane Francis, Canadian journalist
• November 8
  • Stella Chiweshe, Zimbabwean musician
  • John Farrar, Australian guitarist, singer and songwriter (The Shadows & Marvin, Welch & Farrar)
  • Guus Hiddink, Dutch football player and manager
• November 10 – Alaina Reed Hall, American actress (d. 2009)
• November 11 – Corrine Brown, American politician
• November 12 – P. P. Arnold, English singer
• November 13 – Ohara Reiko, Japanese actress
• November 14 – Carola Dunn, English writer
• November 15
  • Gwyneth Powell, British actress
  • Sandy Skoglund, American photographer
• November 16
  • Mahasti, Iranian singer (d. 2007)
  • Terence McKenna, Writer, Philosopher, ethnobotanist and shaman(d. 2000)
• November 17 – Petra Burka, Canadian figure skater
• November 18 – Andrea Allan, Scottish actress
• November 20
  • Greg Cook, American football player (d, 2012)
  • Judy Woodruff, American television reporter
• November 21
  • Emma Cohen, Spanish actress
  • Chaviva Hosek, Czech-born feminist
  • Ulla Jessen, Danish actress
  • Jacky Lafon, Belgian actress
  • Marina Warner, English writer
• November 22 – Anne Wheeler, Canadian television and film director
• November 23 – Diana Quick, English actress
• November 24 – Ted Bundy, American serial killer (d. 1989)
• November 25 – Marika Lindstrom, Swedish actress
• November 26 – Ottilia Borbath, Romanian actress
• November 27 – Nina Maslova, Russian actress
• November 28 – Regina Braga, Brazilian actress
• November 29
  • Brian Cadd, Australian singer-songwriter
  • Suzy Chaffee, American singer and actress
• November 30 – Barbara Cubin, U.S. Congresswoman from Wyoming

December[link]

• December 2 – Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer (d. 1997)
• December 3
  • Marjana Lipovšek, Slovenian singer and actress
  • Joop Zoetemelk, Dutch cyclist
• December 4
  • Sherry Alberoni, American actress and voice artist
  • You Inoue, Japanese voice actress (d. 2003)
• December 5
  • José Carreras, Spanish tenor
  • Eva-Britt Svensson, Swedish politician
• December 6
  • Chelsea Brown, American actress
  • Nancy Brinker, American health activist and diplomat
• December 8
  • Jacques Bourboulon, French photographer
  • John Rubinstein, American actor
  • Sharmila Tagore, Indian actress
• December 9 – Sonia Gandhi, Indian politician
• December 10
  • Chrystos, American poet
  • Thomas Lux, American poet
• December 11
  • Ellen Meloy, American writer (d. 2004)
  • Susan Kyle, American writer
• December 12
  • Gloria Loring, American singer
  • Emerson Fittipaldi, Brazilian racing car driver
• December 14
  • Lynne Marie Stewart, American actress (Pee-wee's Playhouse)
  • Jane Birkin, English actress and singer
  • Patty Duke, American actress
• December 16
  • Alice Aycock, American sculptor
  • Benny Andersson, Swedish rock singer and songwriter (ABBA)
  • Trevor Pinnock, English harpsichordist and conductor
• December 17
  • Bel Mooney, English broadcast journalist
  • Eugene Levy, Canadian actor, comedian and director
• December 18
  • Nina Skottova, Czech politician and member of the European Parliament
  • Steven Spielberg, American film director
  • Steve Biko, South African anti-apartheid activist (d. 1977)
• December 19
  • Candace Pert, American neuroscientist
  • Robert Urich, American actor
• December 20
  • Lesley Judd, English television presenter
  • John Spencer, American actor (d. 2005)
  • Dick Wolf, American television producer
• December 21
  • Carl Wilson, American musician (d. 1998)
  • Brian Davison, Rhodesian cricketer and Tasmanian politician
• December 23
  • Edita Gruberova, Slovakian soprano
  • Susan Lucci, American actress
• December 24
  • Roselyne Bachelot-Narquin, French politician and member of the European Parliament
  • Brenda Howard, American bisexual activist (d. 2005)
  • Jan Akkerman, Dutch rock guitarist (Focus)
• December 25
  • Jimmy Buffett, American rock singer and songwriter
  • Larry Csonka, American football player
  • Gene Lamont, American baseball player and manager
• December 27
  • Lenny Kaye, American guitarist
  • Janet Street Porter, English broadcast journalist
• December 28 – Edgar Winter, American rock musician
• December 29
  • Marianne Faithfull, English singer and actress
  • Ruth Shady, Peruvian archaeologist
• December 30
  • Patti Smith, American poet and singer
  • Berti Vogts, German football player and manager
• December 31 – Diane von Fürstenberg, Belgian-American fashion designer

Date unknown[link]

• Tyler Burge, American philosopher
• Jacques Hiron, French journalist and writer
• Kebby Musokotwane, Prime Minister of Zambia (d. 1996)
• Afsaneh Najmabadi, Iranian historian and gender theorist
• Pete Price, Merseyside radio disc jockey
• Rhie Won-bok, South Korean artist

Deaths[link]

January–March[link]

• January 4 – George Woolf, Canadian jockey (b. 1910)
• January 6 – Slim Summerville, American actor (b. 1892)
• January 9 – Countee Cullen, American poet (b. 1903)
• January 10 – Harry von Tilzer, American songwriter (b. 1872)
• January 13 – Wilhelm Souchon, German admiral (b. 1864)
• January 29 – Harry Hopkins, American politician (b. 1890)
• February 2 – Rondo Hatton, American actor (b. 1894)
• February 5 – George Arliss, English actor (b. 1868)
• February 8 – Miles Mander, English actor (b. 1888)
• February 15 – Cornelius Johnson, American athlete (b. 1913)
• February 17 – Dorothy Gibson, American actress (b. 1889)
• February 19 – Rafael Erich, Prime Minister of Finland (b. 1879)
• February 23 – Tomoyuki Yamashita, Japanese general (executed) (b. 1885)
• March 2 – George E. Stewart, American Medal of Honor recipient (b. 1872)
• March 4 – Bror von Blixen-Finecke, Danish big-game hunter (b. 1886)
• March 14 – Werner von Blomberg, German field marshal (b. 1878)
• March 23 – Gilbert N. Lewis, American chemist (b. 1875)
• March 24 – Alexander Alekhine, Russian chess player (b. 1892)
• March 31 – John Vereker, 6th Viscount Gort, British Field Marshal (b. 1886)

April–June[link]

• April 1
  • Noah Beery, Sr., American actor (b. 1882)
  • Edward Sheldon, American playwright (b. 1886)
• April 2 – Kate Bruce, veteran silent screen actress, made many films with D.W. Griffith (b. 1858)
• April 3
  • Alf Common, English footballer (b. 1880)
  • Masaharu Homma, Japanese general (executed) (b. 1887)
• April 5 – Vincent Youmans, American composer (b. 1898)
• April 8 – Qin Bangxian, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (b. 1907)
• April 14 – Otto Dowling, United States Navy Captain, and the 25th Governor of American Samoa (b. 1881)
• April 20 – Mae Busch, American actress (b. 1891)
• April 21 – John Maynard Keynes, British economist (b. 1883)
• April 22
  • Lionel Atwill, English actor (b. 1885)
  • Harlan F. Stone, Chief Justice of the United States (b. 1872)
• May 1 – Bill Johnston, American tennis champion (b. 1894)
• May 19 – Booth Tarkington, American novelist (b. 1869)
• May 20 – Jacob Ellehammer, Danish inventor (b. 1871)
• May 31 – Picoğlu Osman, Turkish kemenche player (b. 1901)
• June 1
  • Ion Antonescu, Romanian prime minister and dictator (b. 1882)
  • Leo Slezak, German tenor (b. 1873)
• June 6 – Gerhart Hauptmann, German writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1862)
• June 9 – Ananda Mahidol, King of Siam (b. 1925)
• June 10 – Jack Johnson, African-American boxer (b. 1878)
• June 13 – Charles Butterworth, American actor (b. 1896)
• June 14
  • John Logie Baird, Scottish television pioneer (b. 1888)
  • Edward Bowes, American radio personality (b. 1874)
• June 20 – Wan Rong, Empress of China (b. 1906)
• June 23 – William S. Hart, stage actor and silent film cowboy star (b. 1864/or 65)
• June 28 – Antoinette Perry, American actress and director (b. 1888)

July–September[link]

• July – Howard Hyde Russell, Founder, Anti-Saloon League (b. 1855)
• July 2 – Mary Alden, American stage & screen actress (b. 1883)
• July 8 – Orrick Glenday Johns, American writer (b. 1887)
• July 12 – Ray Stannard Baker, American journalist and author (b. 1870)
• July 13 – Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer (b. 1864)
• July 15 – Razor Smith, English cricketer (b. 1877)
• July 17 – Campbell Tait, Governor of Southern Rhodesia (b. 1886)
• July 27 – Gertrude Stein, American writer (b. 1874)
• July 30 – Nikolai Alexandrovich Morozov, Russian poet, scientist and revolutionary (b. 1854)
• August 5 – Wilhelm Marx, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1863)
• August 9 – Leon Gaumont, French film pioneer (b. 1864)
• August 13 – H.G. Wells, English science fiction writer and historian (b. 1866)
• August 20 – Rags Ragland, American comedian and actor (b. 1905)
• August 26 – Jeanie MacPherson, American actress (b. 1887)
• August 28 – Florence Turner, American actress (b. 1885)
• September 17 – Frank Burke, American baseball player (b. 1880)
• September 25 – Heinrich George, German actor (b. 1893)
• September 29 – Raimu, French actor (b. 1883)
• September 30 – Takashi Sakai, Japanese general (executed) (b. 1887)

October–December[link]

• October 2 – Ignacy Mościcki, former President of Poland (b. 1867)
• October 4 – Barney Oldfield, American race car driver and automobile pioneer (b. 1878)
• October 6 – Per Albin Hansson, Prime Minister of Sweden (b. 1885)
• October 12 – Joseph Stilwell, American World War II general (b. 1883)
• October 15 – Hermann Göring, German Nazi Reichsmarschall (suicide) (b. 1893)
• October 16 (executed):
  • Arthur Seyss-Inquart, Austrian Nazi leader (b. 1892)
  • Hans Frank, German Nazi Governor General of Poland (b. 1900)
  • Wilhelm Frick, German Nazi Minister of the Interior (b. 1877)
  • Alfred Jodl, German Nazi Chief of the OKW (b. 1890)
  • Ernst Kaltenbrunner, German Nazi Police General (b. 1903)
  • Wilhelm Keitel, German Nazi Generalfeldmarschall (b. 1882)
  • Joachim von Ribbentrop, German Nazi foreign minister (b. 1893)
  • Alfred Rosenberg, German Nazi ideologist (b. 1893)
  • Fritz Sauckel, German Nazi General Plenipotentiary (b. 1892)
  • Julius Streicher, German Nazi propaganda publisher (b. 1885)
• November 5 – Joseph Stella, Italian-American painter (b. 1877)
• November 7 – Henry Lehrman, American actor (b. 1886)
• November 11 – Nikolai Burdenko, Russian surgeon, founder of Russian neurosurgery (b. 1876)
• November 14 – Manuel de Falla, Spanish composer (b. 1876)
• November 18 – Donald Meek, Scottish actor (b. 1878)
• November 25 – George Gandy, American entrepreneur (b. 1851)
• December 5 – Louis Dewis, Belgian Post-Impressionist painter (b. 1872)
• December 7
  • Laurette Taylor, American actress (b. 1884)
  • Sada Yacco, Japanese stage actress (b. 1871)
• December 10
  • Walter Johnson, American baseball player (b. 1887)
  • Damon Runyon, American writer (b. 1880)
• December 12 – Renee Falconetti, French actress (b. 1892)
• December 14 – Tom Dowse, Irish major league baseball player in the 1890s (b. 1866)
• December 23 – John A. Sampson, American gynecologist (b. 1873)
• December 25 – W.C. Fields, American actor and comedian (b. 1880)
• December 28 – Carrie Jacobs-Bond, American singer and songwriter (b. 1862)

Date unknown[link]

• Curtis Hidden Page, New Hampshire politician (b. 1870)

Nobel Prizes[link]

• Physics – Percy Williams Bridgman
• Chemistry – James B. Sumner, John Howard Northrop, Wendell Meredith Stanley
• Physiology or Medicine – Hermann Joseph Muller
• Literature – Hermann Hesse
• Peace – Emily Greene Balch, John Mott

References[link]

• 1946 Coin Pictures