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Brummie (sometimes Brummy) is a colloquial term for the inhabitants, accent and dialect of Birmingham, England, as well as being a general adjective used to denote a connection with the city, locally called Brum. The terms are all derived from Brummagem or Bromwichham, historical variants or alternatives to 'Birmingham'.
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The Brummie accent is an example of a regional accent of English.
Examples of celebrity speakers include singer TV presenter Adrian Chiles, comedian Jasper Carrott, historian and broadcaster Carl Chinn, the Goodies actor and TV presenter Bill Oddie, rock musicians Ozzy Osbourne (and all other members of the original Black Sabbath), Roy Wood, Jeff Lynne (ELO founders), Rob Halford (Judas Priest), Dave Pegg (of Fairport Convention and Jethro Tull), broadcaster Les Ross, politician Clare Short, SAS soldier, author John "Brummie" Stokes and many actresses and actors; Martha Howe-Douglas, Donnaleigh Bailey, Nicolas Woodman, Sarah Smart, John Oliver and Ryan Cartwright.
It is not the only accent of the West Midlands, although the term, Brummie, is often, erroneously, used in referring to all accents of the region. It is markedly distinct from the traditional accent of the adjacent Black Country, although modern-day population mobility has tended to blur the distinction. For instance, Dudley-born comedian Lenny Henry, Daniel Taylor, Smethwick-born actress Julie Walters and award winning soap actress Jan Pearson are sometimes mistaken for Brummie-speakers by people outside the West Midlands county.
The Brummie accent and the Coventry accent are also quite distinct in their differences, despite only 17 miles ( 27 km) separating the cities. To the untrained ear, however, all of these accents may sound very similar, just as British English speakers can find it hard to distinguish between Canadian and American accents, or Australian and New Zealand accents.
As with all English regional accents, the Brummie accent also grades into RP English. The accent of presenter Cat Deeley is listed by her voiceover agency, Curtis Brown, as "RP/Birmingham".
This article contains IPA phonetic symbols. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Unicode characters. |
Phoneme | Brummie | example |
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/æ/ | [a] | trap |
/aʊ/ | [æʊ~æə] | mouth |
/əʊ/ | [ɑʊ] | goat |
/ʌ/ | [ʊ] | strut |
/ʊ/ | [ʊ] | foot |
/ɔr/ | [ʌʊə] | force |
The strength of a persons' accent varies greatly all across Birmingham. Like most cities, the accent changes relative to the area of the city. A common misconception is that everyone in Birmingham speaks the same accent.
There are also differences between Brummie and Black Country accents not readily apparent to people from outside the West Midlands. A Black Country accent and a Birmingham accent can be hard to distinguish if neither accent is that broad. The phonetician John Wells has admitted that he cannot tell any difference between the accents.[1] Urszula Clark has proposed the FACE vowel as a difference, with Birmingham speakers' using /ʌɪ/ and Black Country speakers' using /æɪ/.[2] She also mentions that Black Country speakers are more likely to use /ɪʊ/ where most other accents use /juː/ (in words such as new, Hugh, stew, etc.).[3]
Below are some common features of a recognisable Brummie accent (a given speaker may not necessarily use all, or use a feature consistently). The letters enclosed in square brackets – [] – use the International Phonetic Alphabet. The corresponding example texts enclosed in double quotes (") are spelt so that a reader using Received Pronunciation (RP) can approximate the sounds.
Recordings of Brummie speakers with phonetic features described in SAMPA format can be found at the Collect Britain dialects site.[6]
Rhymes and vocabulary in the works of William Shakespeare suggest that he used a local dialect (Birmingham and his birthplace, Stratford-upon-Avon, are both in the English West Midland dialect area.)[citation needed]
There seems to be a major misconception about 'Brummie' and other Midland areas'. For example, people from Wolverhampton are deemed Brummie. with a Brummie accent, when in actual fact they are not - they're (usually to Brummies) referred to as 'Yam-Yams', with a 'Yam-Yam' accent. Even Brummies stereotype 'Yam-Yams' as slow or unintelligent, based on how they talk.
This misconception angers many native Brummies, since even they have a major dislike towards the 'Yam-Yam' accent and confusion deeming 'Yam-Yams' as Brummies.
The confusion is mainly in Wolverhampton, West Bromwich and Black Country.
A study was conducted in 2008 where people were asked to grade the intelligence of a person based on their accent and the Brummie accent was ranked as the least intelligent accent. It even scored lower than being silent, an example of the stereotype attached to the Brummie accent.[7]
According to Birmingham English: A Sociolinguistic Study (Steve Thorne, 2003), among UK listeners "Birmingham English in previous academic studies and opinion polls consistently fares as the most disfavoured variety of British English, yet with no satisfying account of the dislike". He alleges that, overseas visitors in contrast find it "lilting and melodious", and from this claims that such dislike is driven by various linguistic myths and social factors peculiar to the UK ("social snobbery, negative media stereotyping, the poor public image of the City of Birmingham, and the north/south geographical and linguistic divide"). However, the Brummie accent is the only 'northern' accent to receive such attention.
For instance, despite the city's cultural and innovative history, its industrial background (as depicted by the arm-and-hammer in Birmingham's coat of arms) has led to a muscular and unintelligent stereotype: a "Brummagem screwdriver" or "Brummie screwdriver" is UK slang for a hammer.
Steve Thorne also cites the mass media and entertainment industry where actors, usually non-Birmingham, have used inaccurate accents and/or portrayed negative roles.
Advertisements are another medium where many perceive stereotypes. Journalist Lydia Stockdale, writing in the Birmingham Post,[8] commented on advertisers' association of Birmingham accents with pigs: the pig in the ad for Colman's Potato Bakes, Nick Park's Hells Angel Pigs for British Gas and ITV's "Dave the window-cleaner pig" all had Brummie accents. In 2003, a Halifax bank advertisement featuring Howard Brown, a Birmingham- born and based employee, was replaced by an animated version with an exaggerated comical accent overdubbed by a Cockney actor.[9]
According to the PhD thesis of Steve Thorne at the University of Birmingham Department of English, Birmingham English is "a dialectal hybrid of northern, southern, Midlands, Warwickshire, Staffordshire and Worcestershire speech", also with elements from the languages and dialects of its Asian and Afro-Caribbean communities.
Traditional expressions include:
Professor Carl Chinn MBE, Ph.D. |
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Chinn on air at BBC WM on 12 June 2011, during a feature on Wikipedia |
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Born | (1956-09-06) September 6, 1956 (age 55) Sorrento hospital Moseley, Birmingham |
Residence | Birmingham |
Nationality | British |
Other names | Carl Stephen Alfred Chinn |
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Home town | Birmingham |
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carlchinnsbrum.com |
Professor Carl Stephen Alfred Chinn MBE, Ph.D. (born 6 September 1956) is an English historian,[1] writer,[1] radio presenter, magazine editor, newspaper columnist,[1] media personality, local celebrity, and famous Brummie, whose working life has been devoted to the study and popularisation of the city of Birmingham in England. Chinn is a supporter of Aston Villa Football Club[2] and has a season ticket in the Doug Ellis Stand at Villa Park.
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Born in Sorrento Hospital[1] in Moseley to a father, Alfred,[3] (known as "Buck",[3] died 26 April 2010;[3] himself a notable football supporter and local activist[3]) from Sparkbrook[1] and mother, Sylvia ("Sylvie"[3]), from Aston,[1] Chinn grew up in Birmingham and was educated at Moseley School and the University of Birmingham. He was married in 1978 to Kathleen Doyle: they have a son and three daughters, one of whom, Tara, has sung professionally on stage and video with her father.[2]
Chinn initially followed his father and grandfather into bookmaking before entering academia, gaining his Ph.D. in 1986.[4]
His work in the community made him a popular figure, and in 1994 he was invited by the Birmingham Evening Mail to write a two-page feature on local history. This proved extremely popular and Chinn has written a weekly column for the paper ever since.[4]
Chinn holds the position of Professor of Community History at the University of Birmingham[1] and is also director of the Birmingham Lives project. He is the author of over twenty books on the history of Birmingham and the urban working class in England. He presents a weekly radio programme on BBC WM, often appears on local television programmes such as Midlands Today and also writes a weekly local history for the Express & Star.[4] He is Director of the Birmingham Lives multimedia archive at UoB (formerly at South Birmingham College).[4]
He has also made three videos and provided spoken links on two CDs of songs about Birmingham.[4]
In 2000 Chinn was a leading figure in the temporarily-successful, but eventually doomed, campaign to save the Longbridge car factory from closure. In 2001 he was awarded the MBE for services to local history and charity.[1] When the rebuilt Bull Ring was opened in 2003 Chinn criticised it for the lack of concern its developers and planners had shown towards market traders who had been the mainstay of the Bull Ring for the 800 years up to 1964, when the much-criticised previous shopping centre was built on the site.[5] Chinn has also been prominent in the campaigns to save the last back-to-back houses in Birmingham, now a National Trust museum in Inge Street; and for a memorial to the victims of the Second World War Blitz on the city, sited in Edgbaston Street in the Bull Ring.
In October 2007 Professor Chinn accepted the post of Patron of the St John's Church Preservation Group, Kates Hill, Dudley. The church has been closed to the public. The Preservation Group aim to restore and re-open it.
In December 2010 he appeared on Ian Hislop's BBC television show "Age of the Do-Gooders", in which he championed George Dawson; a "non-conformist preacher, and a bit of a showman". He has also appeared on the BBC's Question Time.
It has been widely suggested that if Birmingham were to introduce direct mayoral elections as in London and some other towns in the UK, Carl Chinn would run as an independent, and he has said in the past that he has considered this possibility.[citation needed]
In the 1980s he was briefly a member of the Social Democratic Party,[citation needed] which broke from Labour in protest at its perceived leftward shift, and later went on to merge with the Liberal Party to form the Liberal Democrats. He stood in the 1983 general election as an independent, campaigning for import controls to protect local industry, more investment in council housing and a return of capital punishment for certain offences.[citation needed]
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Name | Chinn, Carl |
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Date of birth | 6 September 1956 |
Place of birth | Sorrento hospital Moseley, Birmingham |
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This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (December 2010) |
Malcolm Stent (born 14 June 1945, Saltley, Birmingham) is a British actor, musical performer and playwright, who lives in Solihull. He was in a band called the Timoneers, before he became a regular at The Boggery with Jasper Carrott. He has continued to perform around the Midlands ever since.
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Name | Stent, Malcolm |
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Short description | |
Date of birth | 14 June 1945 |
Place of birth | Saltley, Birmingham |
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Place of death |
This article about a British musician is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
This article about a British actor or actress is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (February 2012) |
Martin Shaw | |
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Born | (1945-01-21) 21 January 1945 (age 67) Birmingham, England, United Kingdom |
Alma mater | London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art |
Occupation | Actor |
Spouse | Jill Allen (1st) Maggie Mansfield (2nd) Vicky Kimm (3rd) |
Partner | Karen da Silva |
Children | Luke Shaw, Joe Shaw and Sophie Shaw (with Allen) |
Martin Shaw (born 21 January 1945) is an English actor. He is known for his roles in the television series The Professionals, The Chief, Judge John Deed and Inspector George Gently.
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Shaw was born in Birmingham. According to him, his first stage appearance was at age three, during an amateur show in which his parents were performing. At Great Barr School, where musician Steve Winwood was a classmate, Shaw excelled in English literature and drama lessons. At sixteen, he was offered a scholarship to a Birmingham drama school. Declining the scholarship, he left school and, on the advice of his parents, he sought employment. One job was in the office of a brass foundry. At eighteen, Shaw moved to London to attend the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. He served his apprenticeship in repertory as an assistant stage manager at the Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch and the Bristol Old Vic.
Shaw took key roles in the first revival of Look Back in Anger (Royal Court/Criterion, 1968); in the National Theatre's Saturday, Sunday, Monday opposite Laurence Olivier (1973); and in A Streetcar Named Desire presented by the Piccadilly Theatre in 1974. He later acknowledged the role of Stanley Kowalski in 'Streetcar' as a point of breakthrough in his career.
In the 1980s, Shaw played Elvis Presley in Alan Bleasdale's critically acclaimed Are You Lonesome Tonight?. It told the story of Elvis' last few hours. After a long run in London, the production visited Sydney and Melbourne in Australia.
Shaw's portrayal of Lord Goring in An Ideal Husband on Broadway earned him a Tony Award nomination and a Drama Desk award.
After filming finished on the TV series Judge John Deed, Shaw took the role of Thomas More in Robert Bolt's play A Man for All Seasons. Shaw's daughter, Sophie, played opposite him as More's daughter, Margaret. The production toured Britain's cities before a run in London at the Theatre Royal Haymarket.
Shaw began television work in 1967. Parts in one-off plays for Granada Television led to his playing hippy student Robert Croft, Lucile Hewitt's boyfriend, in Coronation Street.[1] Another early role was booze and football-loving Welsh medical student Huw Evans in the television comedy series Doctor in the House. Huw Evans later returned in the Doctor at Large episode "Mother and Father Doing Well" as a nervous expectant father.
Shaw appeared with future co-star Lewis Collins in an episode of The New Avengers. Both played the roles of terrorists.[1]
Shaw portrayed Ray Doyle ("Agent 4-5") in the British television series The Professionals (1977–1981). Shaw played another law-enforcement role in the 1990s ITV production The Chief.
In 1983, Shaw played Robert Falcon Scott in The Last Place on Earth. The series was filmed at Frobisher Bay on Baffin Island, Canada. In interview at the time, Shaw commented that he generally responded well to the testing physical conditions, particularly when they enhanced the reality of the scene.
Rhodes is an eight part serial that aired in 1996 and was filmed on location in South Africa. Shaw's younger son, Joe, took early leave of his drama school course to play the part of the youthful Cecil Rhodes before Shaw completed Rhodes's story from the statesman's mature years to his death.
In 2001, he took the title role in the BBC drama Judge John Deed. The character gave an editorial voice to the television writer and producer G.F. Newman's ideas about lifestyle choices such as vegetarianism and alternative medicine as well as issues of social justice. One episode about the safety of the MMR vaccine was banned.
Between seasons of Judge John Deed, Shaw took the role of poetic bespectacled forensic detective Adam Dalgliesh in P.D. James's Death in Holy Orders in 2003 and The Murder Room in 2005.
After the sixth season of Judge John Deed had been filmed, Shaw appeared in the series Apparitions broadcast by the BBC in 2008. This was Shaw's first project as executive director.
In the police drama Inspector George Gently, Shaw appears in the title role.
Shaw also appeared as Sir Charles Cartwright in a 2009 adaptation of Agatha Christie's Poirot tale Three Act Tragedy.
Shaw's first film role was an Irish communist in Love on the Dole (1966). Better known is his 70s role of Banquo in Roman Polanski's Macbeth. Although Shaw is not classified as a film actor, he has an eclectic oeuvre of film roles, including an undercover Second World War operative in Operation Daybreak; a singing and dancing futuristic magician "Zax" in Facelift; and a wanted villain leading a life on the run in a circus troop in Ladder of Swords.
Shaw has narrated many audiobooks, including Tolkien's The Hobbit and The Silmarillion; Swift's Gulliver's Travels; and Emily Brontë's Wuthering Heights.
In 2006, Shaw narrated and appeared in a DVD chronicling the "Merlins over Malta" project. This featured the return of a World War II Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane from Britain to Malta for the first time in fifty years.
In December 2006, Shaw presented the six-part Discovery Channel Real Time TV series Martin Shaw: Aviators, produced by Twofour, which followed the two-year restoration of his Boeing Stearman biplane after it was crashed by another pilot at Old Buckenham airfield in Norfolk. Shaw fulfilled a lifetime ambition to take the controls of a Spitfire (owned by Maurice Bayliss) and, though take-off was not permitted, he also powered an English Electric Lightning (owned by Russell Carpenter) to 150 mph in three seconds along the runway at Cranfield Airport. Shaw also compared notes with the nonagenarian builder and developer of the modern autogyro, Wing Cdr. Ken Wallis.
In 2010 he presented a documentary for the BBC titled "Dambusters Declassified" in which he investigated and debunked some of the myths of the Dambusters raid story which had been portrayed in the books Enemy Coast Ahead and The Dambusters, and the film The Dambusters.
Among several voiceovers and appearances, in 1974, Shaw starred in a three-minute advertisement for the Mk II Ford Capri [2] and in 1987, a TV advert for the Vauxhall Cavalier.[3]
In March 2012, he also announced that he would become the official patron to the community organisation Stop Norwich UrBanisation or SNUB, which is trying to protect Norfolk's countryside from over-development and excessive urbanisation. In the press release, he stated that he was "simply furious and upset by your plight and that of all of us who wish to live in quiet and peace. I will be your Patron and keep fighting".[4]
His childhood was spent in Erdington and then Sutton Coldfield near Birmingham. In his youth, Shaw was involved in a drunken brawl with a friend, suffering broken teeth, injuries to his face and a fractured skull.[5] A mid-face fracture involving the right cheekbone required surgical rebuilding.
In 1971, Shaw became a follower of Charan Singh, a master of the ancient spiritual tradition of Sant Mat.[6] This involved a strict lacto vegetarian diet, meditation, yoga and the avoidance of alcohol and other mind-altering drugs.
He is a celebrity activist for animal rights and animal welfare. He is the patron of the Hillside Animal Sanctuary in Norfolk, a charity organisation that provides a safe home for neglected and abused animals.[7] He also supports Viva!
In interviews and in the Martin Shaw - Aviators documentary series, Shaw readily shares his passion for vintage aeroplanes. He is the holder of a private pilot's licence. For several years, Shaw owned a 1943 Boeing Stearman PT-17 Kaydet (G-BAVO) and now flies a Piper Cub (G-BFBY).
Shaw has three children by his first wife, actress Jill Allen, whom he married in 1968: Luke Shaw, an actor; Joe Shaw, an actor and director; and Sophie Shaw, an actor and singer with the band "Blue Harlem".
Shaw's second wife was former nurse turned alternative therapist and core process psychotherapist, Maggie Mansfield.
Shaw's third wife was TV presenter, environmental activist and fellow pilot Vicky Kimm.
Between January 2003 and July 2008, Shaw and his current partner, Karen da Silva, were stalked by Sandra Price, a divorcee in her sixties. Price sent Shaw several letters (which he said he found "offensive and intrusive") as well as a 120-page dossier of her views on his career and a 45-minute cassette tape.
In the early hours of a morning in July 2008, Price poured petrol through the door of da Silva's home. This action precipitated Price's arrest by police. In a two-day trial at King's Lynn Magistrates' court (6–7 January 2009), Price pleaded guilty to damage to property. She was also convicted of harassment. Price was sentenced on 28 January.[citation needed] Although she avoided a custodial sentence, she was ordered to perform 240 hours of unpaid community work and pay a contribution towards the Crown's costs of £800. An electronically monitored curfew between 7 am and 7 pm was imposed and the complainants received a restraining order against Price.
On 18 August 2010, Shaw collapsed during the first act of the matinee showing of A Country Girl at Shrewsbury's Theatre Severn. His agent, Roger Charteris, said he had been suffering from cracked ribs and was taking antibiotics for a severe chest infection. An understudy went on in his place.[8]
Shaw won two awards in 1996 for his performance as Lord Goring in the Broadway production of An Ideal Husband and was nominated for a third:
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Persondata | |
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Name | Shaw, Martin |
Alternative names | |
Short description | Actor |
Date of birth | 21 January 1945 |
Place of birth | Birmingham, England, United Kingdom |
Date of death | |
Place of death |