Events

193 – Septimius Severus is proclaimed Roman Emperor by the army in Illyricum (in the Balkans).

475 – Byzantine Emperor Basiliscus issues a circular letter (''Enkyklikon'') to the bishops of his empire, supporting the Monophysite christological position.

1241 – Battle of Liegnitz: Mongol forces defeat the Polish and German armies.

1388 – Despite being outnumbered 16 to 1, forces of the Old Swiss Confederacy are victorious over the Archduchy of Austria in the Battle of Näfels.

1413 – Henry V is crowned King of England.

1440 – Christopher of Bavaria is appointed King of Denmark.

1511 – St John's College, Cambridge, England, founded by Lady Margaret Beaufort, receives its charter.

1585 – The expedition organised by Sir Walter Raleigh departs England for Roanoke Island (now in North Carolina) to establish the Roanoke Colony.

1609 – Eighty Years' War: Spain and the Dutch Republic sign the Treaty of Antwerp to initiate twelve years of truce.

1682 – Robert Cavelier de La Salle discovers the mouth of the Mississippi River, claims it for France and names it Louisiana.

1782 – American War of Independence: Battle of the Saintes begins.

1860 – On his phonautograph machine, Édouard-Léon Scott de Martinville makes the oldest known recording of an audible human voice.

1852 – At a general conference of the The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Brigham Young explains the Adam–God doctrine, an important part of the theology of Mormon fundamentalism.

1865 – American Civil War: Robert E. Lee surrenders the Army of Northern Virginia (26,765 troops) to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia, effectively ending the war.

1867 – Alaska purchase: Passing by a single vote, the United States Senate ratifies a treaty with Russia for the purchase of Alaska.

1909 – The U.S. Congress passes the Payne-Aldrich Tariff Act.

1914 – Mexican Revolution: One of the world's first naval/air skirmishes takes place off the coast of western Mexico.

1916 – World War I: The Battle of Verdun – German forces launch their third offensive of the battle.

1917 – World War I: The Battle of Arras – the battle begins with Canadian Corps executing a massive assault on Vimy Ridge.

1918 – World War I: The Battle of the Lys – the Portuguese Expeditionary Corps is crushed by the German forces during what is called the Spring Offensive on the Belgian region of Flanders.

1918 – The National Council of Bessarabia proclaims union with the Kingdom of Romania.

1937 – The ''Kamikaze'' arrives at Croydon Airport in London – it is the first Japanese-built aircraft to fly to Europe.

1939 – Marian Anderson sings at the Lincoln Memorial, after being denied the right to sing at the Daughters of the American Revolution's Constitution Hall.

1940 – World War II: Operation Weserübung – Germany invades Denmark and Norway.

1942 – World War II: The Battle of Bataan/Bataan Death March – United States forces surrender on the Bataan Peninsula. The Japanese Navy launches an air raid on Trincomalee in Ceylon (Sri Lanka); Royal Navy aircraft carrier and Royal Australian Navy Destroyer are sunk off the island's east coast.

1945 – World War II: The German pocket battleship Admiral Scheer is sunk.

1945 – World War II: The Battle of Königsberg, in East Prussia, ends.

1945 – The United States Atomic Energy Commission is formed.

1947 – The Glazier-Higgins-Woodward tornadoes kill 181 and injure 970 in Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas.

1947 – The Journey of Reconciliation, the first interracial Freedom Ride begins through the upper South in violation of Jim Crow laws. The riders wanted enforcement of the United States Supreme Court's 1946 Irene Morgan decision that banned racial segregation in interstate travel.

1948 – Jorge Eliécer Gaitán's assassination provokes a violent riot in Bogotá (the ''Bogotazo''), and a further ten years of violence in Colombia known as ''La violencia''.

1948 – Fighters from the Irgun and Lehi Zionist paramilitary groups attacked Deir Yassin near Jerusalem, killing over 100.

1952 – Hugo Ballivian's government is overthrown by the Bolivian National Revolution, starting a period of agrarian reform, universal suffrage and the nationalisation of tin mines

1957 – The Suez Canal in Egypt is cleared and opens to shipping.

1959 – Project Mercury: NASA announces the selection of the United States' first seven astronauts, whom the news media quickly dub the "Mercury Seven".

1961 – The Pacific Electric Railway in Los Angeles, once the largest electric railway in the world, ends operations.

1965 – Astrodome opens. First indoor baseball game is played.

1967 – The first Boeing 737 (a 100 series) makes its maiden flight.

1968 – Funeral of Martin Luther King, Jr.

1969 – The "Chicago Eight" plead not guilty to federal charges of conspiracy to incite a riot at the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, Illinois.

1969 – The first British-built Concorde 002 makes its maiden flight from Filton to RAF Fairford.

1975 – The first game of the Philippine Basketball Association, the second oldest professional basketball league in the world.

1975 – 8 people in South Korea, who are involved in People's Revolutionary Party Incident, are hanged.

1980 – The Iraqi regime of Saddam Hussein kills philosopher Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr and his sister Bint al-Huda after three days of torture.

1981 – The U.S. Navy nuclear submarine accidentally collides with the ''Nissho Maru'', a Japanese cargo ship, sinking it.

1989 – The April 9 tragedy in Tbilisi, Georgian SSR an anti-Soviet peaceful demonstration and hunger strikes, demanding restoration of Georgian independence is dispersed by the Soviet army, resulting in 20 deaths and hundreds of injuries.

1992 – A U.S. Federal Court finds former Panamanian dictator Manuel Noriega guilty of drug and racketeering charges. He is sentenced to 30 years in prison.

1992 – John Major's Conservative Party wins an unprecedented fourth general election victory in the United Kingdom.

2003 – 2003 invasion of Iraq: Baghdad falls to American forces;Saddam Hussein statue topples as Iraqis turn on symbols of their former leader, pulling down the statue and tearing it to pieces.

2005 – Wedding of Charles, Prince of Wales and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall; Charles, Prince of Wales marries Camilla Parker Bowles in a civil ceremony at Windsor's Guildhall.

2009 – In Tbilisi, Georgia, up to 60,000 people protest against the government of Mikheil Saakashvili.

2011 – A gunman murdered five people, injured eleven, and committed suicide in a mall in the Netherlands.

Births

1498 – John, Cardinal of Lorraine, French churchman (d. 1550)

1597 – John Davenport, Connecticut pioneer (d. 1670)

1634 – Albertine Agnes of Nassau, Regent of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe (d. 1696)

1648 – Henri de Massue, Marquis de Ruvigny, 1st Viscount Galway, French soldier and diplomat (d. 1720)

1649 – James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate son of Charles II of Great Britain (d. 1685)

1680 – Philippe Néricault Destouches, French dramatist (d. 1754)

1686 – James Craggs the Younger, British politician (d. 1721)

1691 – Johann Matthias Gesner, German classical scholar (d. 1761)

1757 – Edward Pellew, 1st Viscount Exmouth, British admiral (d. 1833)

1770 – Thomas Johann Seebeck, German physicist (d. 1831)

1773 – Étienne Aignan, French writer (d. 1824)

1794 – Theobald Boehm, German inventor of the modern flute (d. 1881)

1806 – Isambard Kingdom Brunel, British engineer (d. 1859)

1821 – Charles Baudelaire, French poet (d. 1867)

1830 – Eadweard Muybridge, English-born photographer and motion picture pioneer (d. 1904)

1835 – King Leopold II of Belgium (d. 1909)

1846 – Paolo Tosti, Italian composer (d. 1916)

1865 – Erich Ludendorff, German general in World War I (d. 1937)

1865 – Charles Proteus Steinmetz, German-born engineer and mathematician (d. 1923)

1867 – Chris Watson, third Prime Minister of Australia (d. 1941)

1872 – Léon Blum, French prime minister (d. 1950)

1882 – Frederick Francis IV, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, (d. 1946)

1888 – Sol Hurok, Russian-born impresario (d. 1974)

1889 – Efrem Zimbalist, Russian violinist (d. 1985)

1893 – Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan, Indian historian, writer, scholar (d. 1963)

1895 – Michel Simon, French actor (d. 1975)

1897 – John B. Gambling, American radio talk show host (d. 1974)

1898 – Earl "Curly" Lambeau, American football coach, executive (d. 1965)

1898 – Paul Robeson, American singer and activist (d. 1976)

1900 – Allen Jenkins, American actor (d. 1974)

1901 – Paul Willis, American actor (d. 1960)

1903 – Ward Bond, American actor (d. 1960)

1904 – Sharkey Bonano, American musician (d. 1972)

1905 – J. William Fulbright, American politician (d. 1995)

1906 – Rafaela Aparicio, Spanish actress (d. 1996)

1906 – Antal Dorati, Hungarian conductor (d. 1988)

1908 – Joseph Krumgold, American author and scriptwriter

1908 – Victor Vasarely, Hungarian-born painter (d. 1997)

1910 – Abraham Ribicoff, American politician (d. 1998)

1912 – Lev Kopelev, Russian author (d. 1997)

1913 – Smaro Stefanidou, Greek actress (d. 2010)

1915 – Daniel Johnson, Sr., Canadian politician (d. 1968)

1917 – Johannes Bobrowski, German lyricist and writer (d. 1965)

1917 – Brad Dexter, American actor (d. 2002)

1918 – Jørn Utzon, Danish architect (d. 2008)

1919 – J. Presper Eckert, American computer pioneer (d. 1995)

1921 – Jean-Marie Balestre, French motorsports official (FIA) (d. 2008)

1921 – Frankie Thomas, American actor (d. 2006)

1922 – Carl Amery, German writer (d. 2005)

1926 – Hugh Hefner, American entrepreneur and publisher

1928 – Paul Arizin, American basketball player (d. 2006)

1928 – Tom Lehrer, American satirist and mathematician

1930 – Nathaniel Branden, Canadian psychotherapist

1930 – F. Albert Cotton, American chemist (d. 2007)

1931 – Richard Hatfield, Canadian politician (d. 1991)

1932 – Jim Fowler, American zoologist

1932 – Armin Jordan, Swiss conductor (d. 2006)

1932 – Carl Perkins, American musician (d. 1998)

1933 – Jean-Paul Belmondo, French actor

1933 – Fern Michaels, American author

1934 – Bill Birch, New Zealand politician

1935 – Avery Schreiber, American actor (d. 2002)

1936 – Valerie Solanas, American feminist, attempted murderer of Andy Warhol (d. 1988)

1937 – Marty Krofft, Canadian television producer

1937 – Valerie Singleton, British television presenter

1938 – Viktor Chernomyrdin, Russian politician (d. 2010)

1939 – Michael Learned, American actress

1940 – Jim Roberts, Canadian ice hockey player

1941 – Kay Adams, American country singer

1941 – Chu Song-woong, Korean stage actor (d. 1985)

1941 – Hannah Gordon, British actress

1942 – Brandon De Wilde, American actor (d. 1972)

1943 – Terry Knight, American music promoter (d. 2004)

1945 – Steve Gadd, American session drummer

1945 – Peter Gammons, American sports journalist

1946 – David Webb, English footballer and coach

1948 – Jaya Bachchan, Indian actress

1953 – Hal Ketchum, American musician

1954 – Dennis Quaid, American actor

1954 – Iain Duncan Smith, British politician

1955 – Joolz Denby, English poet and novelist

1955 – Kate Heyhoe, American food writer

1956 – Miguel Ángel Russo, Argentine footballer

1957 – Brian Alexander, British broadcaster

1957 – Seve Ballesteros, Spanish golfer (d. 2011)

1957 – Martin Margiela, Belgian fashion designer

1961 – Mark Kelly, British keyboard player (Marillion)

1961 – Kirk McCaskill, pro baseball and hockey player

1962 – Ihor Podolchak, Ukrainian artist and film director

1962 – Imran Sherwani, British field hockey player

1963 – Marc Jacobs, American fashion designer

1963 – Joe Scarborough, American television personality

1964 – Rob Awalt, American football player

1964 – Margaret Peterson Haddix, American author

1964 – Soyo Oka, Japanese musician

1964 – Rick Tocchet, Canadian ice hockey player

1965 – Jay Wesley Neill, American murderer (d. 2002)

1965 – Mark Pellegrino, American actor

1965 – Paulina Porizkova, Czechoslovakian actress and supermodel

1965 – Jeff Zucker, American television executive

1966 – Cynthia Nixon, American actress

1967 – Alex Kahn, American artist

1970 – Mike Barz, American meteorologist and TV anchor

1970 – Tricia Penrose, British actress and singer

1971 – Peter Canavan, Gaelic footballer

1971 – Earl Cole, Winner of Survivor: Fiji

1971 – Austin Peck, American actor

1971 – Johan Verheyden, Belgian journalist and author

1971 – Jacques Villeneuve, Canadian racing driver

1971 – Leo Fortune-West, English footballer

1972 – Bernard Ackah, Ivorian mixed martial artist and comedian

1973 – Spenny Rice, Canadian entertainer

1974 – Jenna Jameson, American pornographic actress

1974 – Alexander Pichushkin, Russian serial killer

1975 – Robbie Fowler, English footballer

1975 – David Gordon Green, American filmmaker

1977 – Gerard Way, American singer (My Chemical Romance)

1978 – Jorge Andrade, Portuguese footballer

1978 – Vesna Pisarović, Croatian singer

1978 – Rachel Stevens, English singer (S Club)

1978 – Veronica Taylor, American actress

1979 – Albert Hammond, Jr., American guitarist (The Strokes)

1979 – Katsuni, French pornographic actress

1979 – Keith Nobbs, American actor

1979 – Keshia Knight Pulliam, American actress

1979 – Jeff Reed, American football player

1980 – Clueso, German singer, rapper, songwriter and producer

1980 – Yoanna House, American model

1980 – Jerko Leko, Croatian footballer

1981 – Milan Bartovič, Slovak ice hockey player

1981 – Ireneusz Jeleń, Polish footballer

1981 – Dennis Sarfate, American baseball player

1982 – Jay Baruchel, Canadian actor

1982 – Carlos Hernández, Costa Rican footballer

1984 – Linda Chung, Canadian/Hong Kong actress and singer

1984 – Adam Loewen, Canadian baseball player

1985 – Tomohisa Yamashita, Japanese actor and singer (NEWS)

1985 – Antonio Nocerino, Italian footballer

1985 – David Robertson, American baseball player

1986 – Brian Larsen, American musician and record producer

1986 – Leighton Meester, American singer and actress

1987 – Craig Mabbitt, American singer (Escape the Fate)

1987 – Jesse McCartney, American actor and singer

1987 – Jarrod Mullen, Australian rugby league footballer

1987 – Jazmine Sullivan, American R&B; singer

1988 – Dino Imperial, Filipino actor

1988 – Michel Alves Baroni, Brazilian footballer

1988 – Uee, South Korean actress and singer (After School)

1989 – Danielle Kahle, American figure skater

1990 – Kristen Stewart, American actress

1998 – Elle Fanning, American actress

2000 – Jackie Evancho, child singer

Deaths

93 – Yuan An, Minister over the Masses of the Han dynasty

491 – Zeno, Byzantine Emperor

715 – Pope Constantine

1024 – Pope Benedict VIII

1137 – William X, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 1099)

1305 – Lord Borchard de Herle, English Diplomat (b. 1268)

1483 – King Edward IV of England (b. 1442)

1484 – Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales (b. 1473)

1492 – Lorenzo de' Medici, Italian statesmen (b. 1449)

1553 – François Rabelais, French writer

1557 – Mikael Agricola, Finnish scholar (b. c. 1510)

1626 – Sir Francis Bacon, English philosopher, statesman, and essayist (b. 1561)

1654 – Matei Basarab, Prince of Wallachia (b. 1588)

1693 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French writer (b. 1618)

1747 – Simon Fraser, 11th Lord Lovat, Scottish clan chief

1754 – Christian Wolff, German philosopher (b. 1679)

1761 – William Law, British minister (b. 1686)

1804 – Jacques Necker, French statesman (b. 1732)

1806 – King William V of Orange (b. 1748)

1872 – Erastus Corning, American businessman and politician (b. 1794)

1876 – Charles Goodyear, American politician (b. 1804)

1889 – Michel Eugène Chevreul, French chemist (b. 1786)

1909 – Helena Modjeska, Polish-American actress (b. 1840)

1917 – James Hope Moulton, British Classical Greek scholar (b. 1863)

1922 – Hans Fruhstorfer, German lepidoterist (b. 1866)

1926 – Zip the Pinhead, American side show performer (b. c. 1857)

1936 – Ferdinand Tönnies, German sociologist (b. 1855)

1940 – Mrs. Patrick Campbell, British actress (b. 1865)

1944 – Yevgeniya Rudneva, Russian pilot (b. 1920)

1945 – Wilhelm Canaris, German resistance figure (b. 1887)

1945 – Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German resistance figure (b. 1906)

1945 – Georg Elser, German resistance figure (b. 1903)

1945 – Hans Oster, German resistance figure (b. 1887)

1945 – Hans von Dohnanyi, German resistance figure (b. 1902)

1945 – Karl Sack, German resistance figure (b. 1896)

1948 – George Carpenter, Australian Salvation Army general (b. 1872)

1948 – Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, Colombian politician (b. 1903)

1951 – Vilhelm Bjerknes, Norwegian physicist (b. 1862)

1953 – Eddie Cochems, American football player and coach (b. 1877)

1953 – C.E.M. Joad, English philosopher and broadcaster (b. 1891)

1959 – Frank Lloyd Wright, American architect (b. 1867)

1961 – King Zog I of Albania (b. 1895)

1963 – Eddie Edwards, American jazz tromboner (b. 1891)

1970 – Gustaf Tenggren, Swedish illustrator (b. 1896)

1976 – Dagmar Nordstrom, American composer, pianist (b. 1903)

1976 – Phil Ochs, American singer (b. 1940)

1978 – Clough Williams-Ellis, Welsh architect (b. 1883)

1980 – Bint al-Huda, Islamic writer (b. 1938)

1980 – Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr, Islamic philosopher and economist (b. 1935)

1982 – Wilfrid Pelletier, Canadian conductor (b. 1896)

1988 – Brook Benton, American singer (b. 1931)

1988 – David Prater, American singer (Sam & Dave) (b. 1937)

1991 – Martin Hannett, record producer (b. 1948)

1993 – Joseph B. Soloveitchik, American Orthodox rabbi, Talmudist and modern Jewish philosopher (b. 1903)

1996 – Richard Condon, American novelist (b. 1915)

1996 – James W. Rouse, American real estate developer, activist, and philanthropist (b. 1914)

1997 – Helene Hanff, American writer (b. 1916)

1997 – Mae Boren Axton, American singer and songwriter (b. 1914)

1998 – Tom Cora, American cellist and composer (b. 1953)

1999 – Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara, Niger politician and general (b. 1949)

2001 – Willie Stargell, American baseball player (b. 1940)

2002 – Leopold Vietoris, Austrian mathematician (b. 1891)

2002 – Pat Flaherty, American racecar driver (b. 1926)

2003 – Earl Bramblett, American murderer (b. 1942)

2005 – Andrea Dworkin, American feminist activist and writer (b. 1946)

2006 – Billy Hitchcock, American baseball player, coach, and official (b. 1916)

2006 – Vilgot Sjöman, Swedish writer and film director (b. 1924)

2007 – Egon Bondy, Czech philosopher and writer (b. 1930)

2009 – Nick Adenhart, American baseball player (b. 1986)

2010 – Zoltán Varga, Hungarian footballer (b. 1945)

2010 – Aladár Kovácsi, Hungarian track and field athlete (b. 1932)

2011 – Sidney Lumet, American film director (b. 1924)

Holidays and observances

Christian Feast Day:

*Gaucherius

*Materiana

*Waltrude

*April 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Martyrs' Day (Tunisia)

Day of National Unity (Georgia)

Day of the Finnish Language (Finland)

Day of Valor, also known as the "Bataan Day" (the Philippines)

Occupation of Denmark (Denmark)

Vimy Ridge Day, commemorating the Battle of Vimy Ridge. (Canada)

World Konkani Day (Goa)

External links

BBC: On This Day

On This Day in Canada

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Category:Days of the year Category:April

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playername	Hatem Ben Arfa
fullname	Hatem Ben Arfa
dateofbirth	March 07, 1987
cityofbirth	Clamart
countryofbirth	France
height
position	Winger
currentclub	Newcastle United
clubnumber	10
youthyears1	1994–1996
youthyears2	1996–1998
youthyears3	1998–1999
youthyears4	1999–2002
youthyears5	2002–2004
youthclubs1	ASV Châtenay-Malabry
youthclubs2	Montrouge CF 92
youthclubs3	AC Boulogne-Billancourt
youthclubs4	INF Clairefontaine
youthclubs5	Lyon
years1	2004–2008
clubs1	Lyon
caps1	64
goals1	7
years2	2008–2011
clubs2	Marseille
caps2	63
goals2	9
years3	2010–2011
clubs3	→ Newcastle United (loan)
caps3	4
goals3	1
years4	2011–
clubs4	Newcastle United
caps4	0
goals4	0
nationalyears1	2002–2003
nationalteam1	France U16
nationalcaps1	10
nationalgoals1	7
nationalyears2	2003–2004
nationalteam2	France U17
nationalcaps2	17
nationalgoals2	11
nationalyears3	2005
nationalteam3	France U18
nationalcaps3	4
nationalgoals3	0
nationalyears4	2005–2006
nationalteam4	France U19
nationalcaps4	6
nationalgoals4	1
nationalyears5	2007
nationalteam5	France U21
nationalcaps5	4
nationalgoals5	0
nationalyears6	2007–
nationalteam6	France
nationalcaps6	8
nationalgoals6	2
club-update	13:30, 3 October 2010 (UTC)
nationalteam-update	15 May 2010 }}

Hatem Ben Arfa (; born on 7 March 1987) is a French association football player of Tunisian descent who plays for English club Newcastle United in the Premier League. He plays as a winger, preferably on the left side, and an attacking midfielder. Ben Arfa has been described as "one of the best-rated talents in France", but has been criticized by the media and players alike for lacking discipline.

Ben Arfa started his career throughout various clubs in the Île-de-France region, having trained at AC Boulogne-Billancourt and Versailles. In 1999, he was selected to attend the Clairefontaine academy. Ben Arfa spent three years at the academy and, upon leaving, signed with Olympique Lyonnais, where he won four Ligue 1 titles. In his early career at Lyon, he played as a centre forward, but moved into a winger role during the 2007–08 season. In the summer of 2008, Ben Arfa signed with rivals Marseille for €11 million through a move which required the intervention of the Ligue de Football Professionnel. With Marseille, he won the 2009–10 league title, his fifth overall, as well as the Coupe de la Ligue in 2010. After two years at Marseille, Ben Arfa joined English club Newcastle United on loan for the 2010–11 season with a view to a permanent deal. In January 2011, the loan deal was made permanent.

Ben Arfa is a former French youth international having played at all levels. At under-17 level, he was a part of the team that won the 2004 UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship. Ben Arfa was called up to the senior team for the first time in October 2007 for a UEFA Euro 2008 qualifying match against the Faroe Islands. He made his debut in the match and also scored his first goal as well in a 6–0 win.

Club career

Early career

Ben Arfa was born in Clamart, a southwestern suburb in Paris, to Kamel Ben Arfa, a former Tunisian international football player, and a French mother. His father discovered that his five-year old son had an interest in football and with guidance from a sports journalist and agent Michel Ouazin, Ben Arfa began his career as a football player.

Ben Arfa began training at ASV Châtenay-Malabry, a local club not far from his hometown. After two years at the club, he moved a few miles north to Montrouge CF 92. In 1998, Ben Arfa moved to sporting club AC Boulogne-Billancourt. The following year, he was selected to attend the Clairefontaine academy. While at Clairefontaine, Ben Arfa was the only underage player in his class, and was a part of ''A la Clairefontaine'', a documentary series which chronicled the lives of the France's top young footballers during their time at the academy. During the series, an episode showed Ben Arfa getting into an argument with Abou Diaby. While training at Clairefontaine during the weekdays, Ben Arfa played for FC Versailles on the weekends.

Olympique Lyonnais

At 15 and already labeled a prodigy, Ben Arfa joined Olympique Lyonnais who had just won their first ever Ligue 1 championship. In August 2004, after spending two years in the youth divisions of the Lyon academy, he signed his first professional contract agreeing to a three-year deal, despite late interest from English club Chelsea and Dutch outfit Ajax. He was, along with fellow player Karim Benzema, promoted to the senior squad and assigned the number 34 shirt.

Ben Arfa made his professional debut on the opening match day of the 2004–05 season against Nice coming on as a substitute in the 68^th minute. Lyon won the match 1–0 with a goal from Giovane Elber a few minutes after Ben Arfa came on. After making a few substitute appearances, he made his first start on 11 September 2004 in a 2–1 victory over Rennes playing 56 minutes. Ben Arfa scored his first professional goal two months later on 10 November in a Coupe de la Ligue match against Lille, converting from the penalty spot in extra time to give Lyon a 2–1 lead, though Lille scored two late goals, beating Lyon 3–2. He made his UEFA Champions League debut in a group stage match against Manchester United coming on as a substitute for Sidney Govou.

The following season, Ben Arfa switched to the first team number 18 shirt, but his substitute-to-start ratio was still high with seven out of 12 appearances as a substitute. He also made his first Champions League start in a 2–1 victory over Norwegian club Rosenborg, providing the assist on the game winning goal scored by the Brazilian Fred in the last minutes of the match. Ben Arfa scored his first league goal during the 2006–07 season against Sedan just before half-time, which proved to be the winner as Lyon won the match 1–0.

After wingers Florent Malouda and Sylvain Wiltord left the club, incoming manager Alain Perrin preferred the more modern 4-3-3 formation and opted to move Ben Arfa to the left-wing role for the 2007–08 season. Ben Arfa quickly adapted to the position and scored his first goal in a 5–1 demolition of Metz on 15 September, though his performance was overshadowed by a Karim Benzema hat trick. Arguably his best performances in a Lyon shirt came in a period of 12 days, during which he played a league match on 28 October against Paris Saint-Germain and a Champions League game against German club VfB Stuttgart on 7 November. He scored two goals in each match with both results being in favor of Lyon. Following the season, he was named the league's Young Player of the Year.

Despite rumors of a rift between himself and Benzema, Ben Arfa signed a contract extension with Lyon in March 2008 until 2010. However, his career at Lyon reached an impasse after he got into a training session scuffle with veteran Sébastien Squillaci.

Olympique de Marseille

Despite reported interest from English clubs Everton, Manchester United, Arsenal, and Spanish club Real Madrid, rumors of a move to rivals Olympique de Marseille began to surface. On 28 June 2008, Lyon confirmed that a proposed transfer to Marseille had been canceled for the time being. However, Ben Arfa confirmed to the local ''La Provence'' newspaper on 29 June that he had signed for the southern coast club and would not return to Lyon for pre-season training the following day. ''La Provence'' later reported that Ben Arfa had in fact missed training in Lyon on 30 June, confirming his intentions.

Ben Arfa officially joined Marseille on 1 July 2008 for €11 million, with future incentives to be included later, after an agreement was reached between Marseille and Lyon in a meeting organized by the Ligue de Football Professionnel. As a result of the disagreement over the transfer, in December 2008, Ben Arfa told the local Lyon paper Le Progrès that his former team lacked class and was not a great team. Ben Arfa was presented to the media and had his first training session with the club the same day. He was given the number 20 shirt. On 16 July, Ben Arfa was involved in another training session bust-up, this time with stiker and France international Djibril Cissé. Cissé later joined English club Sunderland on loan.

Ben Arfa made his league debut on the opening day of the season in a 4–4 draw with Rennes. He scored his first goal for the ''Marseilles'' in that match. He continued in form scoring six times in his first 11 matches. However, his reputation for controversy continued to haunt him when he was involved in another dispute, this time with the Cameroon international Modeste M'bami during a warm up session ahead of the club's UEFA Champions League match against Liverpool. The two had to be separated by Ronald Zubar. Controversy arose again following Marseille's 4–2 loss to ''Le Classique'' rivals Paris-Saint Germain. He drew the ire of manager Eric Gerets after his refusal to leave the bench to warm up. Ben Arfa later said he was injured much to the chagrin of Gerets, but later apologized for the incident to the media and Gerets himself. Upon his return to the squad, Ben Arfa responded by scoring a goal and providing the assists on both the other goals in a 3–1 victory over Saint-Étienne.

Ben Arfa switched to the number 10 shirt for the 2009–10 season and made his debut on the opening match day of the season in a 2–0 away victory over Grenoble appearing as a substitute in the 68^th minute. The following week, he earned his first start of the season against Lille and assisted the winning goal scored by Brandão.

Controversy surfaced again, however, when, on 8 October 2009, Ben Arfa was fined €10,000 by the club for missing a training session. Ben Arfa blamed the absence on airport delays as he was in Tunisia visiting family members during the international break. A month later, on 18 November, he got into a heated argument with manager Didier Deschamps during a training session, for which Ben Arfa later apologized. Under Deschamps in the first half of the season, Ben Arfa appeared in 15 of the club's 20 league matches and only played the full 90 minutes in two matches, a 2–1 defeat against Monaco and a 2–0 defeat to Auxerre.

Ben Arfa's play during the 2010 portion of the season earned praise from Deschamps and sporting director José Anigo. On 10 January 2010, Ben Arfa scored his first goal of the season against amateur club Trélissac in the Coupe de France. A month later, he was instrumental in Marseille's 5–1 victory over Valenciennes assisting on the opening goal scored by Lucho González. Later that month, Ben Arfa scored an away goal in the first leg of the club's UEFA Europa League tie against Danish club FC København. In the return leg in Marseille, Ben Arfa struck again, scoring the opening goal in the 43^rd minute. Marseille won the match 3–1 and the tie 6–2 on aggregate. On 27 February, he scored his first league goal of the season in a 3–0 victory over Paris Saint-Germain. Ben Arfa's play in the month of February was validated when he was named the UNFP Player of the Month. Marseille won all four of the league matches the team contested with Ben Arfa starting all of them. On 7 April, Ben Arfa converted a penalty in a 3–0 win over Sochaux. The victory placed the club at the top of the table, and they remained there for the rest of the season and clinched the title on 5 May with a 3–1 win over Rennes. Ben Arfa appeared as a substitute in the match.

Departure to Newcastle United

On 22 July 2010, reports surfaced suggesting that English club Newcastle United were looking to sign Ben Arfa. After being questioned, Newcastle's manager Chris Hughton denied the reports. Five days later, Ben Arfa's agent declared that Newcastle were indeed interested in the player, along with German clubs Hoffenheim and Werder Bremen, Turkish club Galatasaray, and Italian club A.C. Milan. On 9 August, a season-long loan with an option to make the move permanent was reportedly being negotiated between the two clubs. However, a loan-fee for the deal could not be reached with Newcastle offering £650,000; £350,000 short of what Marseille wanted. On 12 August, Marseille president Jean-Claude Dassier announced that Ben Arfa would not be moving to Newcastle and even went as far as to say that an offer from the club had not even existed.

Similar to his actions in leaving Lyon, Ben Arfa responded to the statement by telling the French sports newspaper ''L'Equipe'' that he would not be returning to La Commanderie, Marseille's training facility, and would not play with the team for the remainder of the season. He also stated that his relationship with Deschamps had turned sour and was beyond repair. Ben Arfa confirmed his intentions by traveling to Newcastle upon Tyne, without authorization, with hopes that Newcastle and Marseille would come to an agreement. After returning to Marseille, he missed several training sessions with his parent club and was, subsequently, left off the match day squad for two league matches against Valenciennes and Lorient. Ben Arfa's number 10 was later given to new signing André-Pierre Gignac, which signaled a transfer was imminent.

On 19 August, a proposed move to Werder Bremen failed to come to fruition after the club's sporting director Klaus Allofs declared that the club was not interested in Ben Arfa, despite reports of Werder Bremen offering Marseille a transfer fee of €8 million. On 27 August, Dassier confirmed that the club had reached an agreement on a loan fee with Newcastle for the transfer of Ben Arfa with personal terms being the only stumbling block in the deal. Marseille agreed to a £2 million loan fee with Newcastle set to pay the club another £5 million if Ben Arfa makes 25 club appearances this season, making the transfer permanent.

Newcastle United

On 27 August 2010, Ben Arfa agreed to personal terms with Newcastle and, the following day, the club confirmed that it had signed Ben Arfa on a season-long loan. He received the number 37 shirt and made his debut on 11 September 2010, appearing as a substitute in a 2–0 defeat at home to Blackpool. He scored his first goal for Newcastle on his full debut on 18 September in the 1–0 victory against Everton. On 3 October, Ben Arfa suffered a broken tibia and fibula in his left leg while playing in a league match against Manchester City. The injury came as a result of a tackle by opposing midfielder Nigel de Jong. On 5 January 2011, Marseille and Newcastle both confirmed on their websites that they had reached an agreement for the permanent transfer of Ben Arfa to Newcastle with the player agreeing to a four and a half year contract. The transfer fee was undisclosed.

Ben Arfa spent most of his rehabilitation in his home city of Paris recuperating at the Clairefontaine academy. In January 2011, it was reported by the English media that Ben Arfa had undergone another surgery in November 2010 to repair complications that were preventing his shin bones from healing properly. On 23 February, Newcastle manager Alan Pardew confirmed that Ben Arfa was running and could return to the team in April. However, days later, Pardew revealed that he wasn't prepared to rush the player's rehabilitation process and that Ben Arfa probably wouldn't be available until May, stating "I am going to protect him. I can't just throw him in". Ben Arfa returned to training with Newcastle on 5 April. He participated fully in warm-ups with the first-team, but spent the majority of the training session doing light training and fitness work.

He made his return in a friendly match on 15 July 2011 at Conference National side Darlington after returning with the rest of the squad to preseason training two weeks before.

Ben Arfa sustained an ankle injury in a pre-season friendly against Sporting Kansas City on 20th July 2011 during NUFC's stateside tour.

International career

Youth

Ben Arfa has earned caps with all of France's youth teams. With the under-16 team, he made ten appearances scoring seven goals. Ben Arfa made his debut with the team at the 2003 edition of the Aegean Cup in Turkey. He scored his first goal in the tournament on 12 January in a 3–2 win over Belgium. The victory assured France a third-place finish. At the Montaigu Tournament, Ben Arfa scored a team-leading six goals. He scored two goals in the team's 8–0 win over Gabon in the opening match. In the following match, Ben Arfa scored the final goal in the team's 3–0 win over Russia and, in the final group stage match, bagged another double in a 3–1 victory over England. He capped the tournament by scoring a goal in the final against Italy, though France lost the match 5–1.

Ben Arfa made his debut with the under-17 team in the opening match of the season against Sweden converting a first-half hat-trick in a 5–2 victory. In the Tournio de Val-de-Marne, Ben Arfa scored two goals as France were crowned champions without conceding a goal. At the 2004 UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship, Ben Arfa, alongside teammates Samir Nasri, Benzema, and Jérémy Menez contributed to the team winning the competition. Ben Arfa appeared in all five matches and scored goals against Northern Ireland, Turkey and Portugal. In total with the under-17s, he made 17 appearances and scored a team-high 11 goals. Because of his increased playing time with Lyon, Ben Arfa missed a significant portion of playing time with the under-18 team. He made his debut on 15 March 2005, playing in a 3–3 draw with Germany. Ben Arfa appeared in the final three matches of the season for the team to bring his appearance total to four. He scored no goals.

The foursome of Ben Arfa, Nasri, Benzema, and Menez returned to international play together for under-19 duty. The four were joined by Issiar Dia, Blaise Matuidi, and Serge Gakpé with the objective of winning the 2006 UEFA European Under-19 Football Championship. In the first round of qualification for the tournament, Ben Arfa scored his lone goal in the opening match against Wales as France advanced through the round undefeated. Due to injury, Ben Arfa was absent from the final round of qualification for the tournament and, despite going undefeated in the round, France were eliminated after being beaten on points by Scotland. Ben Arfa only made one competitive appearance with the under-21 team, appearing in a 2009 UEFA Under-21 Championship qualification match against Romania.

Senior

Before representing France, Ben Arfa was eligible to represent Tunisia and was offered a place in the 2006 World Cup, held in Germany. He turned down this opportunity, preferring to continue his career with the French national team. Ben Arfa was called up to the senior team for the first time on 10 October 2007 by Raymond Domenech to replace the injured Louis Saha and played in the Euro 2008 qualifying matches against the Faroe Islands and Lithuania. This move stunned critics of Domenech as they expected striker David Trezeguet to get the call-up. Ben Arfa made his debut on 13 October when he came on for Franck Ribéry in the 64^th minute and scored the last goal in France's 6–0 victory over the Faroe Islands. Ben Arfa was, however, omitted from Domenech's final 23-man Euro 2008 squad on 28 May.

On 25 February 2010, after a long period without a call-up, Ben Arfa returned to the team, alongside teammates Steve Mandanda and Benoît Cheyrou, after being called up for France's friendly match with Spain on 3 March. On 11 May, he was named to the 30-man preliminary list by Domenech to play in the 2010 World Cup, but failed to make the final 23.

After going nearly two years without representing France internationally, on 5 August 2010, Ben Arfa was called up to the senior team by new manager Laurent Blanc for the team's friendly match against Norway on 11 August 2010. Ben Arfa made his return to the team in the match appearing as a half-time substitute for Moussa Sissoko. He scored the opening goal of the match in a 2–1 defeat.

Career statistics

Club

.

0 0 1 6 6 3 0 1 0

Club	Season	League	Cup	!colspan="3"	Total
!Apps	!Goals	!Assists	!Apps	!Goals	!Assists	!Apps	!Goals	!Assists	!Apps	!Goals	!Assists
rowspan="5" valign="center"	Lyon		9	|	2	1	1	0	4	0	1	14	1	3
Ligue 1 2005–06	2005–06	12	|	1	1	1	0	1	0	1	14	1	2
Ligue 1 2006–07	2006–07	13	|	1	2	0	0	1	0	0	16	1	1
Ligue 1 2007–08	2007–08	30	|	4	5	0	0	8	2	1	43	8	5
!Total	!64!!7!!8!!9!!2!!0!!14!!2!!3!!87!!11!!11
rowspan="4" valign="center"	Marseille		33	|	2	2	0	0	13	2	0	48	8	2
2009–10 Ligue 1	2009–10	29	|	3	5	1	2	7	3	0	41	7	5
2010–11 Ligue 1	2010–11	1	|	1	1	0	0	0	0	0	2	0	1
!Total	!63!!9!!6!!8!!1!!2!!20!!5!!0!!91!!15!!8
rowspan="1" valign="center"	→ Newcastle United (loan)	rowspan="2" valign="center"	4	|	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	4	1	0
rowspan="2" valign="center"	Newcastle United	0	|	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
!Total	!4!!1!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!0!!4!!1!!0
Career totals		!131!!17!!14!!17!!3!!2!!34!!7!!3!!182!!27!!19

International

.

1 0 1

National team!!Season!!Apps!!Goals !! Assists
Rowspan=4 valign="center"	France	2007–08	6	1
2008–09	|	0	0
2009–10	|	0	0
2010–11	|	1	0
Total!!8!!2!!1

International goals

! #	! Date	! Venue	! Opponent	! Score	! Result	! Competition
1	13 October 2007	Tórsvøllur, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands		0 – 6	0–6
2	11 August 2010	Ullevaal Stadion, Oslo, Norway		0 – 1	2–1

Honours

Club

; Lyon

Ligue 1 (4): 2004–05, 2005–06, 2006–07, 2007–08

Coupe de France (1): 2007–08

Trophée des champions (2): 2005–06, 2006–07

; Marseille

Ligue 1 (1): 2009–10

Coupe de la Ligue (1): 2009–10

International

; France

UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship (1): 2004

Individual

UNFP Young Player of the Year (1): 2007–08

UNFP Player of the Month (1): February 2010

Notes

References

External links

Hatem Ben Arfa club profile at om.net

Hatem Ben Arfa profile at nufc.co.uk

Hatem Ben Arfa Soccernet profile at espn.com

Premier League profile

Category:1987 births Category:Living people Category:People from Clamart Category:French footballers Category:France under-21 international footballers Category:Olympique Lyonnais players Category:Ligue 1 players Category:France international footballers Category:French people of Tunisian descent Category:French people of Arab descent Category:Olympique de Marseille players Category:INF Clairefontaine players Category:Newcastle United F.C. players Category:Premier League players Category:Expatriate footballers in England Category:French expatriate footballers

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