Crew cut Marine Lieutenant

A crew cut is a type of haircut in which the hair on the top of the head is cut relatively short,^[1] graduated in length from the longest hair at the front hairline to the shortest at the back of the crown.^[2] The hair on the sides and back of the head is usually tapered short, semi-short or medium. A very short crew cut is sometimes referred to as a butch cut or buzz cut.^[3] A long crew cut is referred to in the US as an ivy league crew cut or ivy league.^[4][5] A typical ivy league or long crew cut might be graduated in length on the top of the head from one and a half inches at the front hairline to one half inch at the back of the crown. A typical short crew cut might have a similar proportional graduated difference in the length of the hair on the top of the head. If a short crew cut is three quarters of an inch at the front hairline, the length of the hair at the back of the crown might be one quarter of an inch. A crew cut where the hair on the top of the head is graduated in length from the front hairline to a chosen point on the mid to back part of the crown as a flat plane, of level, upward sloping or downward sloping inclination is known as a flat top crew cut or flattop.^[6] Crew cuts, flattop crew cuts, and butch cuts are all traditionally groomed with hair control wax, commonly referred to as butch wax.

History[link]

The term was most likely coined to describe the haircut worn by members of the Yale rowing crew in the 1890s. The name drew a contrast with football players of the time, who wore long hair to compensate for the flimsy leather helmets. According to a history by helmet manufacturer Riddell, the championship Yale football team switched to crew cuts in 1895, which became the style for football as well as crew and "remained in fashion for nearly 70 years".

The crew cut was adopted by the United States armed forces during World War II, and became a civilian fashion for men throughout the 1950s.

See also[link]

• Butch cut
• Buzz cut
• Flattop
• High and tight

References[link]

Bibliography[link]

• Thorpe, S.C. (1967). Practice and Science of Standard Barbering. Milady Publishing Corporation. 
• Trusty, L. Sherman (1971). The Art and Science of Barbering. Wolfer Printing Co.. 

External links[link]

• A brief description of the term's history in the Yale Alumni Magazine
• A brief description of the term's history in the Yale Daily News
• Agonies Of Victory For Comeback Crew Life Dec. 10 1956. Includes photos of crew cut Olympic Gold Medal winning Yale oarsmen.
• Crew Haircut With Back Sheared Is The Male Method For Beating The Heat Life July 14, 1941. Includes before and after photos.
• Obecure Origins of the Crew Haircut Revealed by Harvard Square Barbers Harvard Crimson November 23, 1935.
• Pompadours Passe Says Barber; Collegetown Condemns Crew Cuts Cornell Daily Sun March 25, 1937, Page 1
• Princeton Oarsmen Pick Bayard To Lead 1940 Varsity Crew. Includes photo of crew cut Crew Captain. The Daily Princetonian May 24, 1939
• Two-Fisted, Stout Jawed Movie Idol Plus Crew Haircut Resembles Composite Undergraduate The Daily Princetonian March 27, 1940

Crew of a spacecraft.

A crew is a body or a class of people who work at a common activity, generally in a structured or hierarchical organization. A location in which a crew works is called a crewyard or a workyard. The word has nautical resonances: the tasks involved in operating a ship, particularly a sailing ship, providing numerous specialities within a ship's crew, often organised with a chain of command. Traditional nautical usage strongly distinguishes officers from crew, though the two groups combined form the ship's company. Members of a crew are often referred to by the title "Crewman".

"Crew" also refers to the sport of rowing, where teams row competitively in racing shells.^[1]

"Crew" is used colloquially to refer to a small, tight-knit group of friends or associates engaged in criminal activity. Also used in reference to the traditional "unit" of criminals under the supervision of a caporegime in the American Mafia. However, the term is not specific to (Mafia-affiliated) organized crime.

Crew can refer simply to a group of friends, unrelated to crime or violence.

References[link]

See also[link]

• For a specific sporting usage, see Rowing (sport).
• For filmmaking usage, see Film crew.
• For live music usage, see Road crew.
• For analogous entities in research on human judgment and decision-making, see Team and Judge–advisor system.
• For stagecraft usage, see Stage crew.
• For video production usage, see Television crew
• For the comic strip, see Motley's Crew.
• For the sports team, see Columbus Crew.

Look up cut in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Cut may refer to:

• The act of cutting, the separation of an object into two through acutely directed force

Mathematics[link]

• Cut (graph theory)
• Branch cut, a concept in complex analysis
• Dedekind cut, a partition of rational numbers
• Cut-elimination theorem

Computing[link]

• Cut (logic programming)
• cut (Unix), a command line utility
• Cut, copy, and paste, a set of editing procedures

[edit] Film and television

• Cut (transition), a transition from one sequence to another
• Cut (censorship), removal of a scene to meet censors' requirements
• Cut (film), a horror comedy
• The Cut (film), 2007 South Korean horror film
• Cut (advertisement), a 2009 British advertising campaign on domestic violence

Music[link]

• Cut (music), an African American music technique
• Cut (C-Tec album)
• Cut (Crack the Sky album)
• Cut (Golden Earring album)
• Cut (Hunters and Collectors album)
• Cut (The Slits album)
• "Cut" (Plumb song)
• Cut drum
• Cut, an album by Flare Acoustic Arts League
• "Cut", a song by The Cure on the album Wish
• "Cut", A slang term for "track" or "song" derived from early song recording when music was recorded on master tapes which had to be literally cut up in order to make the final music release.

Games and sport[link]

• Cut (cards), a method of mixing a deck of cards
• Cut (golf), a means of reducing the number of competitors in a golf tournament or a type of stroke
• Carleton Ultimate Team

Geography[link]

• Cut, Alba, Romania
• Cut River
• Cut, a village in Dumbrava Roşie, Neamţ County, Romania

Schools[link]

• Central University of Technology, South Africa
• Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden
• Chinhoyi University of Technology, Zimbabwe
• Curtin University of Technology, Australia
• Cyprus University of Technology, Cyprus

Trade unions[link]

• Central Única dos Trabalhadores, in Brazil
• Confederación Unitaria de Trabajadores (Costa Rica)
• Confederación Unitaria de Trabajadores del Perú

Other uses[link]

• Cut (archaeology), a hole dug in the past
• Cut (clothing), the style or shape of a garment
• Cut (earthmoving), an excavation to make way for a transport route
• Cut (etiquette), a snub or slight such as failure to greet an acquaintance
• Cut (gems)
• Cut (novel), by Patricia McCormick
• Cut of meat
• Campaign for Unmetered Telecommunications, a UK political pressure group
• Church Universal and Triumphant, a religious movement
• Cincinnati Union Terminal
• Compact Utility Tractor
• Coordinated Universal Time, a time standard
• Cryptic unstable transcript, a type of RNA molecule
• A type of wound
• CUT is the IATA code for Cutral Có Airport, Argentina

See also[link]

• Cuts, a TV series
• Cutting (disambiguation)
• Cutter (disambiguation)
• Cutoff (disambiguation)
• Cut-out (disambiguation)
• Cutaway (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Hoodie Allen
Background information
Birth name	Steven Markowitz
Born	(1988-08-19) August 19, 1988 (age 23) Plainview, New York, United States
Origin	Old Bethpage, New York, United States
Genres	Experimental hip hop, pop rap, hipster hop
Years active	2009–present
Website	hoodieallen.com

Steven Markowitz (born August 19, 1988), better known by his stage name Hoodie Allen, is an independent American hip-hop artist and rapper.

Early life[link]

Hoodie was born in New York City and raised in a Jewish household on Long Island^[1][2] He started writing lyrics as a child, and would perform raps for his friends at house parties.^[3][4] Growing up, his nickname was "Hoodie."^[5] He wanted a rapper name that "would stick in peoples' minds and be a little bit funny and representative of who I am," so he settled on "Hoodie Allen."^[5]

He graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 2010, where he studied finance and marketing at The Wharton School, and was a brother in the Alpha Epsilon Pi fraternity.^[4][6] While there, he met his producer, RJF.^[7][8] After graduating, he worked at Google as an AdWords associate in their START (Standardized AdWords Reseller Training) program.^[9] He would leave at 7 AM for a bus ride to the Google offices in Mountain View, work a full day at Google, return at 6 PM, and then write songs, answer fan emails, and schedule concerts until 2 or 3 AM.^[4] Reflecting on this, Hoodie said, "I was moving so fast, and even while I was at Google there was so much going on that I felt like I was doing two full-time jobs."^[9] His dream and passion was music, so when he got opportunities to do live shows, he decided to leave Google.^[9]

Career[link]

[edit] 2009–2012: From Bagels & Beats to Leap Year

Hoodie's first two album releases were "Bagels & Beats" and "Making Waves," which garnered him an MTVU Best Music on Campus Award in 2009.^[10] In June 2010, he released "You Are Not a Robot," which sampled 'I Am Not A Robot' by Marina & the Diamonds and which hit #1 on Hype Machine, an aggregator that collects the most-blogged about music in the world.^[4] After seeing the response, he spent the summer working, and finished his mixtape Pep Rally by September.^[7] The album was produced by RJ Ferguson, and sampled songs from Death Cab for Cutie, Flight Facilities, Marina & the Diamonds and Two Door Cinema Club. He picked the name “Pep Rally” because he said that it “captured the energy of the record. Something new and exciting.”^[11] When asked about the writing process, Hoodie said: “Throughout Pep Rally, the ideas for samples were very collaborative. We would camp out in [RJF]’s basement for a weekend and not leave till we had 3 songs done—that was the mentality.”^[7] The mixtape was downloaded over 200,000 times.^[4] He self-financed a video for “You Are Not A Robot,” which has over 3 million views.^[12][13]

In July 2011, Hoodie released his third mixtape, Leap Year, which was also produced by friend and producer RJ. It reached 250,000 SoundCloud plays in its first week of release.^[14] On the title for his mixtape, Hoodie explains: "It basically just talks to the leap of faith I took this year leaving everything else behind to be an artist."^[15] In support of the album, Hoodie headlined a 15 city tour across North America, including stops in San Francisco, New York City, and Montreal.^[16] Previously, he had toured with The Cataracs, Das Racist, Chiddy Bang, Mike Posner, and RJD2.^[17][18]

Hoodie collaborated with the cartoon band Your Favorite Martian to write the song "8-Bit World", which he raps in. He was also featured in CollegeHumor's "Jake and Amir" sketch series and in Zak Downtown's "Rock The Show."^[19]

[edit] 2012–present: All American

On March 4, 2012, Hoodie announced via Twitter that his upcoming EP would be titled All American.^[20] He decided on this title because he credits his success to America, because he felt the songs showcased his best music to date, and because of a hometown restaurant with the same title. Hoodie spent five months developing the album, building tracks from scratch with his producer, RJF, instead of using sampled beats.^[21] Regarding the writing process, Hoodie states that "I would describe it as liberating... It was like, 'Okay, I hear this idea in my head, I hear these original ideas, [and] I'm putting them and piecing them together.'"^[21] On March 29, 2012, Hoodie released the first single from All American entitled "No Interruption."^[22] The music video was posted to YouTube and was featured on the front page the same day. It currently has 2.7 million views.^[23]

The night before the album's release, Hoodie announced that he would personally call every fan that buys the album.^[24] All American was released on April 10, 2012 and debuted as the #1 album on iTunes.^[25] He is set to take a 22 stop US tour during April and May 2012 in support of All American featuring Wax^[26], Jared Evan, and others (varies from show to show)^[27]. On March 23, 2012, Hoodie hinted at an upcoming announcement of a "UK tour for June," and officially announced the four dates on April 19 via Facebook^[28]. The "I Work Better In The UK Tour" will be his first time performing overseas.

Reception[link]

In July 2011, he cracked the Top 10 of Billboard’s Uncharted Territory.^[29] For the week of August 5, 2011, Hoodie was #2 on Billboard’s Uncharted Territory, with Billboard noting that his "growing popularity is undeniable."^[14]

On April 10, 2012, his EP "All American" went to #1 on the iTunes charts within hours of its release. All American also debuted at #10 on Billboard's Top Albums.^[30]

Discography[link]

EPs[link]

Mixtapes[link]

• Making Waves (2009)
• Pep Rally (2010)
• Leap Year (2011)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Hoodie Allen's channel on YouTube
• Hoodie Allen on Twitter