The Buffalo Courier-Express was a morning newspaper in Buffalo, New York. It ceased publication on September 1982.

The Courier-Express was created in 1926 by a merger of the Buffalo Daily Courier and the Buffalo Morning Express. William James Conners, owner of the Buffalo Courier, brought the two papers together. The combined newspapers claimed a heritage dating to 1828. One notable part-owner and editor of the Buffalo Express was Samuel Langhorne Clemens, the writer also known as Mark Twain, whose tenure at the newspaper lasted from 1869 to 1871.

In August 1979, The Courier-Express was purchased by the Cowles Media Company, a publishing company based in Minneapolis, MN. After a change in corporate leadership, Cowles Media decided to close the paper in September, 1982. The September 19, 1982 issue was the last issue published.

This left Buffalo with only one daily newspaper, the Buffalo Evening News, now known as the Buffalo News.

Editors of the newspaper

Editors of the Buffalo Courier

Editors of the Buffalo Express

Editors of the Buffalo Courier-Express

General Managers of the Buffalo Courier-Express

Notable Alumni

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Category:History of Buffalo, New York Category:Publications established in 1926

Category:Defunct newspapers of New York Category:Media in Buffalo, New York Category:Publications disestablished in 1982

Mark the Evangelist (Coptic: ΜΑΡΚΟС; Latin: Marcus; ; ) is the traditional author of the Gospel of Mark. He is one of the Seventy Disciples of Christ, and the founder of the Church of Alexandria, one of the original four main sees of Christianity.

While later church tradition identifies Mark the Evangelist with John Mark and Mark the Cousin of Barnabas, the earliest church tradition recorded by the 2nd-3rd century father Hippolytus in his work On the Seventy Apostles distinguishes them. According to Hippolytus, Mark the Evangelist (2 Tim 4:11) is distinct from John Mark (Acts 12:12, 25; 13:5, 13; 15: 37) and Mark the Cousin of Barnabas (Col 4:10; Phlm 24). They all belonged to the "Seventy Disciples" who were sent out by Jesus to saturate Judea with the gospel before his crucifixion (Luke 10:1ff.). However, when Jesus explained that the bread/flesh he offered was a spiritual bread/flesh and the wine/blood he offered was a spiritual wine/blood, many disciples left him (John 6:44-6:66), including Mark the Evangelist. He was later restored to faith by Peter; then became Peter’s interpreter, wrote the Gospel of Mark, founded the church of Africa, and became the bishop of Alexandria.

According to Eusebius (Eccl. Hist. 2.9.1-4), Herod Agrippa I in his first year of reign over the whole Judea (AD 41) killed James son of Zebedee, and arrested Peter, planning to kill him after the Passover. Peter was saved miraculously by angels, and escaped out of the realm of Herod (Acts 12:1-19). Peter went to Antioch, then through Asia Minor (visiting the churches in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia, as mentioned in 1 Pet 1:1), and arrived in Rome in the in the second year of Claudius (AD 42; Eusebius, Eccl, Hist. 2.14.6). Somewhere on the way, Peter picked up Mark the Evangelist, restored his faith, and took him as the travel companion and interpreter. Peter's preaching in Rome was so successful that he was honored by the inhabitants with a statue in the city; and by popular request, Mark the Evangelist wrote down the sermons of Peter, thus composed the Gospel according to Mark (Eccl. Hist. 15-16), before he left for Alexandria in the third year of Claudius (AD 43) .

In AD 43, about 10 years after the ascension of Christ, Saint Mark traveled to Alexandria and founded the Church of Alexandria, which today is claimed by the Coptic Orthodox Church, the Greek Orthodox Church of Alexandria and the Coptic Catholic Church. Aspects of the Coptic liturgy can be traced back to Saint Mark himself. He became the first bishop of Alexandria and he is honored as the founder of Christianity in Africa.

According to Eusebius (Eccl. Hist. 2.24.1), Mark was succeeded by Annianus as the bishop of Alexandria in the eighth year of Nero (AD 62/63), probably, but not definitely due to his coming death. Later Coptic tradition says that he was martyred in AD 68. It is believed that on the night when Jesus was arrested in the garden of Gethsemane Mark had followed him there and the police saw him, he ran away and dropped his loin cloth. His feast day is celebrated on April 25, and his symbol is the lion.

Biblical and traditional information

of Saint Mark. Très Riches Heures du duc de Berry (Musée Condé, Chantilly).]]

The mixing up of Mark the Evangelist with John Mark led to these speculations: one identifying him as the man who carried water to the house where the Last Supper took place (Mark 14:13).; another identifies him as the young man who ran away naked when Jesus was arrested (Mark 14:51-52). Some of these could be true for John Mark, since his home was the Upper Room, but they are not likely related to Mark the Evangelist.

The Coptic Church holds the tradition that Mark the Evangelist was one of the Seventy Apostles sent out by Christ (Luke 10:1), as is confirmed by the list of Hippolytus These traditions have not solid proof either from the New Testament or from Church history.

According to the Coptic church, Saint Mark was born in Cyrene city in the Pentapolis of North Africa , Libya now . This tradition adds that he returned to Pentapolis later in life, after being sent by Saint Paul to Colossae (Colossians 4:10; Philemon 24; these actually refer to Mark the Cousin of Barnabas), and serving with him in Rome (2 Tim 4:11); from Pentapolis he made his way to Alexandria. When Mark returned to Alexandria, the pagans of the city resented his efforts to turn the Alexandrians away from the worship of their traditional Hellenistic gods. In AD 68 they placed a rope around his neck and dragged him through the streets until he was dead.

Fate of his remains

In 828, relics believed to be the body of St. Mark were stolen from Alexandria by two Venetian merchants and taken to Venice, where the Byzantine Theodore of Amasea had previously been the patron saint. A basilica was built there to house the relics.

There is a mosaic on this Venetian basilica showing how the sailors covered the relics with a layer of pork. Since Muslims are not allowed to touch pork, this action was done to prevent Muslim intervention in the relics removal.

Copts believe that the head of the saint remained in Alexandria. Every year, on the 30th day of the month of Paopi, the Coptic Orthodox Church celebrates the commemoration of the consecration of the church of St. Mark, and the appearance of the head of the saint in the city of Alexandria. This takes place inside St. Mark Coptic Orthodox Cathedral in Alexandria, where the saint's head is preserved.

The Eastern Orthodox Church celebrates his feast day on April 25.

In 1063, during the construction of a new basilica in Venice, St. Mark's relics could not be found. However, according to tradition, in 1094 the saint himself revealed the location of his remains by extending an arm from a pillar. The newfound remains were placed in a sarcophagus in the basilica.

In June 1968, Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria sent an official delegation to Rome to receive a relic of St. Mark from Pope Paul VI. The delegation consisted of ten metropolitans and bishops, seven of whom were Coptic and three Ethiopian, and three prominent Coptic lay leaders.

The relic was said to be a small piece of bone that had been given to the Roman pope by Giovanni Cardinal Urbani, Patriarch of Venice. Pope Paul, in an address to the delegation, said that the rest of the relics of the saint remained in Venice.

The delegation received the relic on June 22, 1968. The next day, the delegation celebrated a pontifical liturgy in the Church of Saint Athanasius the Apostolic in Rome. The metropolitans, bishops, and priests of the delegation all served in the liturgy. Members of the Roman papal delegation, Copts who lived in Rome, newspaper and news agency reporters, and many foreign dignitaries attended the liturgy.

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Category:68 deaths Category:1st-century births Category:1st-century bishops Category:1st-century Christian martyr saints Category:Burials at Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral (Alexandria) Category:Christian martyrs of the Roman era Category:Christian missionaries in Africa Category:Coptic Orthodox Church Category:Coptic Orthodox saints Category:Early Hebrew Christians Category:Libyan saints Category:Egyptian saints Category:Egyptian Roman Catholic saints Category:New Testament people Category:Palestinian Roman Catholic saints Category:Popes of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria Category:Roman Catholic writers Category:People celebrated in the Lutheran liturgical calendar Category:Seventy Disciples Category:Saints from the Holy Land Category:Saints of the Golden Legend Category:Anglican saints Category:People of Jewish descent Category:Greek Orthodox Patriarchs of Alexandria