FX
Launched	June 1, 1994
Owned by	Fox Entertainment Group (News Corporation)
Picture format	480i (SDTV/16:9 letterbox) 720p (HDTV) 1080i (HDTV)
Slogan	There Is No Box
Country	United States
Language	English
Headquarters	Dallas, Texas
Formerly called	fX, FX: Fox Gone Cable
Website	www.fxnetworks.com
Availability
Satellite
DirecTV	Channel 248 (SD/HD) Channel 1248 (VOD)
Dish Network	Channel 136 (SD/HD)
Cable
Verizon FiOS	Channel 53 (SD) Channel 553 (HD)
Available on most cable systems	Check Local Listings for channels
IPTV
AT&T U-verse	Channel 128 (SD) Channel 1128 (HD)

FX (standing for Fox extended, suggesting "effects") is the name of a number of related pay television channels owned by News Corporation's Fox Entertainment Group. The FX logo is very similar to the logo of FOX only that it is black and doesn't contain an O.

The channel's most popular original shows are The Shield, Nip/Tuck, Damages, Rescue Me, Sons of Anarchy, Justified and American Horror Story, as well as the comedies It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, Louie, The League, Wilfred and Archer. Aside from new episodes of its ongoing series, the channel mainly airs re-runs originally broadcast on Fox in the 1990s and 2000s.

In 2010, Sons of Anarchy attracted an average of 4.9 million viewers per week, making it FX's highest rated series ever, surpassing other hits The Shield, Nip/Tuck, Rescue Me and Damages.^[1]

Programming[link]

History[link]

1994–1997[link]

FX (then-stylized in print as "fX") was launched in the United States on June 1, 1994. Broadcasting from a large "apartment" in Manhattan's Flatiron District, fX was one of the first forays into large-scale interactive television. The channel centered around original programming, broadcast live every day from the "fX Apartment", and rebroadcasts of kitschy shows from the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s such as Batman, Wonder Woman, Nanny and the Professor, and The Green Hornet.

fX had two taglines: "TV Made Fresh Daily" and "The World's First Living Television Network".^[2] The "f" was lower-case to portray a type of relaxed friendliness. The stylized "X" represented the channel's roots: the crossing searchlights of the 20th Century Fox logo.

The live shows were mostly focused on one broad topic each. Shows included Personal fX (collectibles), The Pet Department (pets), Under Scrutiny with Jane Wallace (news), and Sound fX (music). The channel's flagship show, Breakfast Time (hosted by Laurie Hibberd and Tom Bergeron), was formatted like an informal magazine show, and was an Americanized version of Great Britain's The Big Breakfast. Breakfast Time and Personal fX would regularly feature the channel's "roving reporters" visiting unique places around America live via satellite. Suzanne Whang (now of HGTV), John Burke (now of E!) and Phil Keoghan (now of CBS's The Amazing Race) were some of the roving reporters. Other notable fX personalities included Karyn Bryant and Orlando Jones, who were panelists on "Sound fX."

The channel prided itself on its interactivity with viewers. fX, in 1994, was an early adopter of the internet, embracing e-mail and the World Wide Web as methods of feedback. Most of the shows would feature instant responses to e-mailed questions, and one show, Backchat (hosted by Survivor host Jeff Probst), was exclusively devoted to responding to viewer mail, whether e-mailed or mailed traditionally. Select viewers were allowed to spend a day at the "apartment" and take part in all of the channel's shows. Inside the channel's syndicated programming blocks, channel hosts would frequently appear during commercial breaks to read e-mails from viewers about the episode airing, or to promote upcoming programming.

fX's viewer base was very loyal, but the budget was simply too high for the clearance the channel was receiving. Ironically, the first incarnation of fX was not even available on the local cable system in New York City, where programming originated. During the time the channel launched in the mid-1990s, cable systems around the United States were upgrading their infrastructures to increase channel capacity and were not regularly adding channels until these upgrades were complete. The same problem plagued Fox News Channel around its early 1996 launch.

The live shows gradually disappeared one by one until only Personal fX remained. Breakfast Time was moved to the Fox network and renamed Fox After Breakfast in mid-1996. It underwent several format changes and never found a substantial audience, thus it was canceled less than a year later. Eventually, all live programming with the exception of Personal fX was dropped and the channel focused entirely on its classic television shows until its relaunch in mid-1997. Personal fX remained on the refocused FX until May 1, 1998.

FX vacated the "apartment" in the summer of 1998 and the channel's operations were streamlined with the other Fox-owned cable channels.

1997–2001[link]

fX was relaunched as "FX: Fox Gone Cable"^[3] in early 1997, targeting men aged 18 to 49. The channel became known for original drama series and NASCAR programming.

During the first few years after its relaunch, FX was known for little else than airing reruns of such Fox shows as The X-Files and Married... with Children, as well as 20th Century Fox shows such as M*A*S*H and Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Soon after its relaunch, the tagline "Fox Gone Cable" was dropped. When the cable reruns of Ally McBeal and The Practice fumbled in primetime, FX predominantly ran movies in their more high-profile time periods.

After obtaining the spring broadcast rights to NASCAR, Fox Sports announced that for their inaugural 2001 season, FX would serve as their cable partner. This meant that FX would cover several races in the series then known as the Busch Series and Winston Cup (including the All-Star Race), as well as select qualifying and final practice sessions. The move was meant to promote the channel and cause NASCAR fans to contact their cable providers to add the channel to their line-up. In 2002, channel president Peter Liguori praised NASCAR for increasing the number of available homes from 58.5 million to 76.6 million.^[4]

FX also aired Major League Baseball games during this period, initially on Monday nights (1997) and then Saturday nights (1998–2001). Among the games FX covered was Cal Ripken, Jr.'s final home game with the Baltimore Orioles in 2001.

2002–2007[link]

In recent years, however, the channel has emerged as a major force in original cable programming, gaining both acclaim and notoriety for edgy dramas. This began in 2002 with the release of its breakout hit, police drama The Shield. This trend continued the following year with Nip/Tuck, a drama about two plastic surgeons in Los Angeles (originally set in Miami, Florida), and the Denis Leary-helmed Rescue Me, about FDNY firemen and their lives post-9/11. Unlike many broadcast networks, FX is willing to take risks with their programming and push the envelope of what can be shown on television, having high, TV-MA ratings. Opinions on these shows are mixed. Some organizations, like the Parents Television Council and American Family Association, have asked advertisers to boycott these shows due to their graphic content.^[5][6] However, the shows are also critically acclaimed for their strong storylines and characters.

Capitalizing on the success of the hit documentary Super Size Me, creator Morgan Spurlock launched a new series, 30 Days, on FX in June 2005. The series puts its subjects in situations uncomfortable to them for 30 days, such as making millionaires work for minimum wage, and having Christians live in a Muslim community.

In the summer of 2005, FX debuted two new comedy series, Starved, about the daily lives of four friends with eating disorders who live in New York, and It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, about four people who own a bar in the titular city and somehow always wind up having comic misadventures, usually very politically incorrect. Both of these shows feature frank sexual dialogue and strong language, pitched as "The Dark Side of Comedy". While Starved gained low ratings and was derided by groups that sought to publicize eating disorders, being canceled after its first season, Sunny quickly became a critics' darling, consistently achieved high ratings and was picked up for a second season within days of its first season finale. An edited version of Sunny was aired by Fox for a three-episode run in the summer of 2006, in an effort to promote it on FX.

In 2006, FX debuted two new series, the reality television show Black. White. and the drama Thief but neither were picked up for a second season. After 2006, FX also no longer broadcast NASCAR, as sister channel Speed Channel became the new cable partner for NASCAR on Fox.

Throughout 2007, FX introduced three new dramas, Dirt starring Courteney Cox, The Riches starring Eddie Izzard and Minnie Driver, and Damages starring Glenn Close and Ted Danson. All three did well in the ratings and were renewed for second seasons.

On October 15, 2007 a high definition feed was launched on DirecTV and many U.S. cable systems.

As of 2008, the channel was available in 90.6 million U.S. homes.

2008–present[link]

In 2008, the channel launched a new branding campaign built around the theme There Is No Box, which was influenced by the phrase "outside the box" and refers to how the channel's programming goes beyond the box concept, as well as a pun on the channel competing against premium channels such as HBO, with its original programming. The channel's logo changed on December 18, 2007 and uses only the FX letters for branding by removing the klieg light logo box to the left. The new branding included an advertising campaign, featuring a post-game ad for the channel during Fox's coverage of Super Bowl XLII.^[7] The song that is used in the promo commercial is "You Give Me Something" by James Morrison.^[8]

Over 2008, competition with other cable channels increased, evident in the second season ratings for less successful series, Dirt and The Riches, which had ratings decrease significantly since their first seasons. Some weeks viewers were barely over 1 million. Both shows were cancelled by FX in 2008, and Dharma and Greg, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Married... with Children and Fear Factor were also removed from the schedule.

In 2008, the channel picked up Sons of Anarchy, about a notorious outlaw motorcycle club bent on protecting their sheltered California town from corporate developers and drug dealers. It was created by The Shield executive producer, Kurt Sutter, and premiered in September, coinciding with The Shield's final season. The show was critically and commercially successful, and was renewed for a second season. Other new shows included the Kenny Hotz comedy Testees, which ran from October to December 2008, but was not renewed. Nip/Tuck and Damages began new seasons on the channel.

In August 2008, FX launched a new website, making full shows available to view online. As of January 2010, It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia, 30 Days, Sons of Anarchy, and The League are available for viewing through the official FX site.

In 2009, Spin City was removed from the schedule (though it would be restored early the following year), while a sixth season order of 18 episodes was placed for Rescue Me, even though the fifth season had not premiered at the time.^[9]

Also in 2009, the channel placed a 13-show order for a new show created by Graham Yost. The Yost project is based on Elmore Leonard's short story "Fire in the Hole." Set in Harlan County, Kentucky, it stars Timothy Olyphant as U.S. Marshal Raylan Givens—a tough, soft-spoken lawman with a rough side—and chronicles his cases and personal life, including unfinished business with an ex-wife and his aging father. Initially titled Fire in the Hole, the show was later announced to be titled Lawman before being renamed Justified. It started airing in March 2010.^[10] FX also picked up Terriers for its fall 2010 lineup and began airing Lights Out in 2011.

In July 2009, FX ordered three new comedy pilots. Archer is an animated series centering around a spy agency and comes from the co-creator of Frisky Dingo on Adult Swim. It was picked up for 10 episodes, premiering January 14, 2010.^[11] The League centers around a fantasy football league and comes from a Seinfeld and Curb Your Enthusiasm veteran.^[12] Louie stars popular stand-up comedian and writer Louis C.K. and "blend[s] stand-up material with what Landgraf described as 'extended vignettes' depicting moments from [the comedian's] offstage experiences."^[13] All three shows have been renewed for a second season. FX also purchased a pilot starring Elijah Wood based on the Australian comedy series Wilfred.^[14]

On October 1, 2010, FX pulled their channels from the Dish Network line-up due to a carriage dispute. FX was returned to Dish Network's channel line up on October 29, 2010 after Dish Network and FOX, FX's parent company, signed a long term contract. As of November 1, 2010, Fox programming had resumed on New York based cable provider, Cablevision.

On April 27, 2011, FX started showing UEFA Champions League games as part of a deal with Fox Sports. Starting in fall 2011, FX will broadcast college football games on Saturdays. FX will broadcast 13 games in 2011 as parts of Fox Sports contracts with the Big 12, Pac-12, and Conference USA conferences.^[15]

In January 2012, FX will begin broadcasting content from the Ultimate Fighting Championship.^[16]

On October 14, 2011, FX announced that it picked up the rights to develop a series based on Scar Tissue, the biography of Red Hot Chili Peppers singer, Anthony Kiedis. HBO had originally picked up the series a few years before but eventually moved on from the project. Entourage producers, Marc Arams and Mike Benson will produce the series and Keids will also be involved as a co producer.^[17] On September 9,2012 FX will air the NFC Package with Fox Sports, Speed Channel and Fox Sports Net. Under the NFL on Fox branding.

FX Movie Channel[link]

On January 1, 2012, the Fox Movie Channel started airing a new daily block that aims to draw in a younger audience. The FX Movie Channel (FXM) block airs from 3 p.m. to 4 a.m. and will have programming from the movie library of the FX network.

International[link]

This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2008)

Australia[link]

In 1995, fX launched in Australia, featuring classic TV series (often branded as "Golden Years of Television")

fXM was a nightly block of classic 20th Century Fox films, hosted by Bill Collins (often branded as "Bill Collins' Golden Years of Hollywood"). In late 1998 fX became FX, a channel aimed at women, featuring shows such as The View and Donny and Marie. In late 2000, FX was again rebranded, officially becoming "Australia's first TV channel for women".^[18][19] In November 1, 2003, it was renamed W. as a way to make this focus more apparent.

On October 9, 2011 Fox International Channels released details that FX would relaunch in Australia early 2012 with programs such as The Walking Dead, Transporter: The Series and Hell on Wheels.^[20]

Asia[link]

Canada[link]

On August 6, 2011, Rogers Media and FX Networks announced that they will launch FX Canada as a digital service on November 1, 2011.^[21] Other carriers such as EastLink, Shaw and MTS TV are expected to carry FX, in time for the new channel's launch.^[22] The network will feature FX original series, U.S. acquired movies and series, and original Canadian programming and sporting events (as required by the CRTC).^[23] FX Canada's broadcast license requires that 15 per cent of its programming be Canadian in its first year, 20 per cent in its second year and a full one-quarter Canadian by its third year.

Greece[link]

FX Greece launched on December 31, 2009 and is currently available to the subscribers of Conn-x TV and NOVA Greece in Greece. The channel is broadcasting in Cyprus too, with the same schedule to Greece and is currently available to the subscribers of NOVA Cyprus and CytaVision.

Ireland[link]

FX is available on Sky Ireland Channel 124 and UPC Ireland channel 126. FX +1 is only available to Sky subscribers. It airs the same content as its UK sister channel but it has Irish Advertisements

Italy[link]

FX launched the Italian version in Spring of 2006 on SKY Italia Channel 119, airing at first old man-targeted old series and movies. After the 2008 restyling, it began airing Fox and FX US top series, after they passed on main channels Fox, Fox Life and Fox Crime, as well as the documentary series on unsolved mysteries after it passed on the National Geographic Channel. The channel was closed on July 2, 2011.

Latin America[link]

The FX channel for Latin America, is intended almost entirely for the male audience, as a counterpart of Fox Life, created for the female viewers. In Brazil it is broadcast mainly by NET TV, TVA, Oi TV, SKY, Embratel TV and GVT TV.

Malta[link]

FX was launched on November 30, 2009 together with Foxlife. These channels are exclusively available on GO.^[24]

Middle East[link]

FX Middle East was launched in Summer 2011 (between June and July) as a new member of the FOX Middle East Family (FOX & FOX Movies) after many bad responses to dubbing the Fox Middle East channel(Previously Fox Series) to Arabic.

And the channel presents : The Simpsons, Strike Force, Criminal Minds, CSI -NY Triple Play, CSI -MAIAMI Triple Play, CSI -LV Triple Play, Nip Tuck, Bull Run, Life On Mars, The Cleveland Show, The Amazing Race, Legend Of The Seeker, The Wanda Sykes Show, Defying Gravity, TNA EXPLOSION, The Walking Dead, With some movies every night And Some Other Shows .^[25][26][27]

Portugal[link]

FX Portugal launched on the ZON TVCabo satellite and cable platform in September 26, 2007, along with Fox Crime. Also available on MEO, AR Telecom and Cabovisão.

Romania[link]

FX was launched in 2008.^{[citation needed]}

Turkey[link]

FX was launched on April 14, 2008^[28] on D-Smart digital platform, it's available on Digiturk and Teledünya digital platforms since 2009.^[29]

Spain[link]

FX currently airs as a youth block on Fox España on Saturdays from 23.30 CET.

South Africa[link]

FX was launched as part of the TopTV offering in May 2010 in South Africa.^[30]

Sweden[link]

Fox International Channels (UK) Ltd applied for a broadcasting slot in the Swedish digital terrestrial television network in the autumn of 2005 for a service called "FX", suggesting a possible launch of the channel in Sweden or Scandinavia.^[31] However, when recommendations for additional channels were revealed on November 21, FX was not among the ten suggested.

United Kingdom[link]

FX, FX+ and FX HD are available in the United Kingdom through both satellite and cable TV providers Sky Digital and Virgin Media.

Network slogans[link]

• fX: The World's First Living Television Network (1994–1996)
• fX: TV With You In Mind (1996–1997)
• FX: Fox Gone Cable (1997–2008)
• There Is No Box (2008–present)

See also[link]

• List of programs broadcast by FX
• Fox Movie Channel
• Fox Reality Channel

References[link]

External links[link]

• FX (Asia)
• FX (Brazil)
• FX (Greece)
• FX (Italy)
• FX (Middle East)
• FX (Latin America)
• FX (Portugal)
• FX (Taiwan)
• FX (Turkey)
• FX (UK)
• FX (US)
• FX {blogs}

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. It does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve it by adding citations to reliable sources. Tagged since May 2009. It may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Tagged since November 2010. It is written like a personal reflection or essay rather than an encyclopedic description of the subject. Tagged since November 2010.

A television channel is a physical or virtual channel over which a television station or television network is distributed. For example, in North America, "channel 2" refers to the broadcast or cable band of 54 to 60 MHz, with carrier frequencies of 55.25 MHz for NTSC analog video (VSB) and 59.75 MHz for analog audio (FM), or 55.31 MHz for digital ATSC (8VSB). Channels may be shared by many different television stations or cable-distributed channels depending on the location and service provider.

Depending on the multinational bandplan for a given region, analog television channels are typically 6, 7, or 8 MHz in bandwidth, and therefore television channel frequencies vary as well. Channel numbering is also different. Digital television channels are the same for legacy reasons, however through multiplexing, each physical radio frequency (RF) channel can carry several digital subchannels. On satellites, each transponder normally carries one channel, however small, independent channels can be used on each transponder, with some loss of bandwidth due to the need for guard bands between unrelated transmissions. ISDB, used in Japan and Brazil, has a similar segmented mode.

Channel separation on over-the-air channels is accomplished by skipping at least one channel between two analog stations' frequency allocations. (There can be gaps between channels, where numbers are sequential, but frequencies are not contiguous, such as the skip from VHF low to high, and the jump to UHF.) On cable TV, it is possible to use adjacent channels only because they are all at the same power, something which could only be done over the air if the two stations were transmitted at the same power and height from the same location. For digital TV, selectivity is inherently better, therefore channels adjacent (either to analog or digital stations) can be used even in the same area.

Other meanings[link]

Commonly, the term "television channel" is used to refer to either a terrestrial television station or its cable/satellite counterpart (both outlined below). Sometimes, especially outside the U.S. and in the context of cable/satellite television, it is used instead of the term television network, which otherwise (in its technical use above) describes a group of geographically-distributed television stations that share affiliation/ownership and some or all of their programming with one another.

This terminology may be muddled somewhat in other jurisdictions, for instance Europe, where terrestrial channels are commonly mapped from physical channels to common numerical positions (i.e. BBC One does not broadcast on any particular "channel 1" but is nonetheless mapped to the "1" input on most British television sets). On digital platforms, such (location) channels are usually arbitrary and changeable, due to virtual channels.

Television station[link]

A television station is a type of broadcast station that broadcasts both audio and video to television receivers in a particular area. Traditionally, TV stations made their broadcasts by sending specially-encoded radio signals over the air, called terrestrial television. Individual television stations are usually granted licenses by a government agency to use a particular section of the radio spectrum (a channel) through which they send their signals. Some stations use LPTV broadcast translators to retransmit to further areas.

Many television stations are now in the process of converting from analogue (NTSC, PAL or SECAM) broadcast, to digital TV (ATSC broadcast, DVB or ISDB).

Non-broadcast television channels[link]

Because some regions have had difficulty picking up over-the-air signals (particularly in mountainous areas), alternative means of distribution such as direct-to-home satellite and cable television have been introduced. Television channels specifically built to run on cable or satellite blur the line between TV station and TV network. That fact led some early cable channels to call themselves superstations.

Satellite and cable have created changes. Local programming TV stations in an area can sign-up or even be required to be carried on cable, but content providers like TLC cannot. They are not licensed to run broadcast equipment like a station, and they do not regularly provide content to licensed broadcasters either. Furthermore, a distributor like TNT may begin producing its own programming, and shows presented exclusively on cable/satellite by one distributor may be syndicated to broadcast stations. The cost of creating a nationwide channel has been reduced and there has been a huge increase in the number of such channels, with most catering to a small group. See also: significantly viewed.

From the definitions above, use of the terms "network" or "station" in reference to nationwide cable/satellite channels is technically inaccurate. However, this is an arbitrary, inconsequential distinction, and varies from company to company. Indeed, the term "cable network" has entered into common usage in the United States in reference to such channels. There is even some geographical separation among "national" cable/satellite channels in the U.S., be it programming (e.g., the Fox Sports Net group of regional sports channels, which share several programs), or simply regionalized advertising inserted by the local cable company.

Should a legal distinction be necessary between a (location) channel as defined above and a television channel in this sense, the terms "programming service" (e.g. [1]) or "programming undertaking" (for instance, [2]) may be used instead for the latter definition.

A person viewing by cable or satellite might not know what kind of organization is responsible for a given program, especially if it is syndicated, so what seems to be a station or a network may be neither.

See also[link]

Look up television channel in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

• Barker channel
• Lists of television channels
• Television channel frequencies

v t e Telecommunications (general) History Beacons Broadcasting Communications satellites Computer networks Drums Electrical telegraphs Fax Heliographs Hydraulic telegraphs Internet Mass media Mobile phones Optical telegraphy Photophones Radio Radiotelephones Telegraphy Telephones The Telephone Cases Television Undersea telegraph lines Videophones Pioneers Edwin Howard Armstrong John Logie Baird Alexander Graham Bell Tim Berners-Lee Jagadish Chandra Bose Vint Cerf Claude Chappe Lee De Forest Philo Farnsworth Reginald Fessenden Elisha Gray Guglielmo Marconi Alexander Stepanovich Popov Johann Philipp Reis Nikola Tesla Alfred Vail Charles Wheatstone Vladimir K. Zworykin Media Coaxial cable Free-space optical Optical fiber Radio waves Telephone lines Terrestrial microwave Networks ARPANET BITNET Ethernet FidoNet ISDN Internet Local area Mobile NGN Packet switched Public Switched Telephone Radio Television Telex Wide area World Wide Web Wireless Geographic v t e Telecommunications in Africa Sovereign states Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Democratic Republic of the Congo Republic of the Congo Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon The Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda São Tomé and Príncipe Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa South Sudan Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe States with limited recognition Azawad Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Somaliland Dependencies and other territories Canary Islands / Ceuta / Melilla / Plazas de soberanía (Spain) Madeira (Portugal) Mayotte / Réunion (France) Saint Helena / Ascension Island / Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom) Western Sahara v t e Telecommunications in Asia Sovereign states Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Burma (Myanmar) Cambodia People's Republic of China Cyprus East Timor (Timor-Leste) Egypt Georgia India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Japan Jordan Kazakhstan North Korea South Korea Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Nepal Oman Pakistan Philippines Qatar Russia Saudi Arabia Singapore Sri Lanka Syria Tajikistan Thailand Turkey Turkmenistan United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen States with limited recognition Abkhazia Nagorno-Karabakh Northern Cyprus Palestine Republic of China (Taiwan) South Ossetia Dependencies and other territories British Indian Ocean Territory Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Hong Kong Macau v t e Telecommunications in Europe Sovereign states Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom England Northern Ireland Scotland Wales States with limited recognition Abkhazia Kosovo Nagorno-Karabakh Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria Dependencies and other territories Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Jersey Isle of Man Svalbard Other entities European Union v t e Telecommunications in North America Sovereign states Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States Dependencies and other territories Anguilla Aruba Bermuda Bonaire British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Greenland Guadeloupe Martinique Montserrat Navassa Island Puerto Rico Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saba Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten Turks and Caicos Islands United States Virgin Islands v t e Telecommunications in Oceania Sovereign states Australia East Timor (Timor-Leste) Fiji Indonesia Kiribati Marshall Islands Federated States of Micronesia Nauru New Zealand Palau Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu Dependencies and other territories American Samoa Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Cook Islands Easter Island French Polynesia Guam Hawaii New Caledonia Niue Norfolk Island Northern Mariana Islands Pitcairn Islands Tokelau Wallis and Futuna v t e Telecommunications in South America Sovereign states Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Guyana Paraguay Peru Suriname Uruguay Venezuela Dependencies and other territories Aruba Bonaire Curaçao Falkland Islands French Guiana South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

Dub FX
Dub FX & Flower Fairy at the Download Open Air Festival Zvolen Slovakia 2009
Background information
Birth name	Benjamin Stanford
Born	(1983-06-11) 11 June 1983 (age 29)
Origin	St Kilda, Melbourne, Australia
Genres	Beatboxing, dub, reggae, hip hop music, dubstep, pop music
Occupations	Singer-songwriter, vocalist, record producer
Instruments	Vocals, Beatbox, Loop Station, Effects Pedal
Years active	2005 – present
Labels	Convoyun.ltd
Associated acts	Flower Fairy, Mr. Woodnote, CAde, Kila mega giga tera, Sirius
Website	Official site

Dub FX (real name Benjamin Stanford) is a worldwide street performer and studio recording artist from St Kilda, Melbourne, Australia.^[1] After playing and singing in a band called Twitch, he set out solo when he moved to Europe. His trademark is creating rich live music using only his own performance aided by Live looping and effect pedals combined with his voice.^[2][3] He creates intricate hip hop, reggae and drum and bass rhythms.^[2]

Partner[link]

Stanford travels and performs with his fiancée, Flower Fairy.^[1][4] Dub FX first met her in Manchester, and she joined him in his travels around the globe to busk for the public. Flower Fairy can usually be seen selling CDs during Dub FX's performances and also performs a few songs alongside Stanford. She is featured singing in the songs on Everythinks A Ripple, Wandering Love, and Time Will Tell.

Two songs from Everythinks A Ripple, Flow and Wandering Love, feature a street saxophonist named Mr Woodnote, who also uses similar looping techniques as Dub FX using a saxophone.

In 2010 Dub FX collaborated with Melbourne based producer Sirius and released the album titled: Dub FX and Sirius -A crossworlds. A Crossworlds could be defined as dubstep because of the heavy emphasis on sub frequencies and the tempo's used ranging from 138 - 145Bpm. Dub FX does not beatbox on this album. Any information on how Dub Fx and Sirius came to collaborate or meet is unknown.^[5]

Dub FX is also part of the dubstep act Kila Mega Giga Tera, the other half being Glade Kettle (Distro)(aka Sirius) They have one song release to date on aquatic lab sessions volume 1. A CD and limited edition vinyl compilation released in 2009. Kila Mega Giga Tera also have a forthcoming album^[6] which is yet to surface.

Music[link]

Dub FX is completely independent using only: live performance, word of mouth, internet social networking and a number of easily accessible free samples. Dub FX is also the main founder of the label Convoyun.ltd which could be described as a co-op label for Dub FX's own work and other people's.^[2] To date artists that have released albums on Convoyunltd are: Flower Fairy, Sirius, Mr Woodnote, and Dub FX. With additional featured artists on separate songs of each album. Every album released through Convoy Un.Ltd has been produced by Dub FX with the exception for Dub FX & Sirius's release, A Crossworlds, a collaboration album released in 2010 which revealed a much darker and instrumental sound.^[7]

His lyrics both address generalized world events and contemporary angst while suggesting individual based revolution through self determination and engagement.

He also addresses issues of social importance, the most notable example being the song "Society's Gates", loosely based on the life of the philosopher Socrates.

Discography[link]

• Everythinks a Ripple is the first Dub FX studio album. The promotional material says "all sounds on the album were created with his voice using a Roland effects & loop pedal."^[8]
• 2007: Live in the Street is a collection of live street performances performed in various countries.

Featured in the song KMGT - Subsonic^[9] on Aquatic Lab Sessions Vol 1 Track 10^[10]

• 2010: A Crossworlds' is a collaboration album featuring 17 new tracks all produced, mixed and mastered by Dub FX and Sirius.^[5][2]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Dub FX at MySpace
• Dub FX at Twitter
• Dub FX at Facebook

Dana White
Born	(1969-07-28) July 28, 1969 (age 42) Manchester, CT, U.S.
Residence	Las Vegas, Nevada
Nationality	American
Occupation	President
Known for	Managing The Ultimate Fighting Championship
Style	Boxercise [1]
Net worth	US$150 million (2010)[2]
Height	5 ft 11 in
Spouse	Anne
Children	3

Dana White (born July 28, 1969) is the current President of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States.

Biography[link]

Born in Manchester, Connecticut on July 28, 1969, White grew up in Las Vegas, Nevada, Ware, Massachusetts and Levant, Maine. White is a passionate Boston Red Sox fan. During his youth, he bounced back and forth between Boston and Maine. He attended the University of Massachusetts Boston but did not finish; however, while there he did launch a boxing program for inner-city youth.^[3]

White has a background as an aerobics instructor. In 1992, White established Dana White Enterprises in Las Vegas. He conducted aerobics classes at three gyms^[4] in the Las Vegas area and began managing MMA fighters Tito Ortiz and Chuck Liddell.

While working as a manager, White learned that Semaphore Entertainment Group, the parent company of the UFC, was looking for a buyer for the UFC. White contacted childhood friend Lorenzo Fertitta, an executive at Station Casinos, and a former commissioner of the Nevada State Athletic Commission. Within a month, Lorenzo and his older brother Frank bought the UFC, with White installed as its president.^[5] White currently owns about 9% of Zuffa, LLC, the entity the Fertitta brothers created to own and manage the UFC.^[3]

White failed to comment on a potential network broadcast deal at the UFC 136 press conference. The next day it was confirmed that the UFC and Fox broadcast networks had made a multiple year deal.^[6]

Controversy[link]