Name | Luge |
---|---|
Union | Fédération Internationale de Luge de Course |
First | 1870s |
Contact | No |
Team | Teams of 1 or 2 |
Mgender | Yes, but usually in separate competitions |
Category | Winter sport, Time trial |
Equipment | Sled, Helmet, suit, visor, finger spikes, booties |
Venue | Luge tracks |
Olympic | since 1964 }} |
Lugers can reach speeds of 140 km per hour, and the Guinness World Record is held by Tony Benshoof of the United States at a speed of 139.9 km per hour although some athletes, including Sam Edney of Canada and Felix Loch of Germany have reached speeds exceeding 150 km per hour (95.68 mph) on the track in Whistler, Canada.
Luge is also the name of the sport which involves racing with such sleds. It is a competition in which these sleds race against a timer. The first recorded use of the term is 1905, from the Savoy/Swiss dialect of French "luge" meaning "small coasting sled", and is possibly from a Gaulish word with the same root as English sled.
The first organized meeting of the sport took place in 1883 in Switzerland. In 1913, the Internationale Schlittensportverband or International Sled Sports Federation was founded in Dresden, Germany. This body governed the sport until 1935, when it was incorporated in the Fédération Internationale de Bobsleigh et de Tobogganing (FIBT, International Bobsleigh and Tobogganing Federation). After it had been decided that luge would replace the sport of skeleton at the Olympic Games, the first World Championships in the sport were held in 1955 in Oslo (Norway). In 1957, the Fédération Internationale de Luge de Course (FIL, International Luge Federation) was founded. Luge events were first included in the Olympic Winter Games in 1964.
The athletes ride in a flat, aerodynamic position on the sled, keep their heads low to minimize air resistance. They steer the sled mainly with the feet by applying pressure on the runners. It takes a precise mix of shifting body weight, applying pressure with feet and rolling the shoulders. There are also handles for minor adjustments. They race at speeds averaging 120–160 km/h (75-100 mph) around high banked curves while experiencing a centrifugal pull of up to 5G. Men's Singles have their start locations near where the bobsled and skeleton competitors start at most tracks, while both the Doubles and Women's Singles competition have their starthouse located further down the track. Artificial track luge is the fastest and most agile sledding sport.
Most of the tracks are situated in Austria and Italy, with others in Germany, Poland, Russia, Slovenia, Canada, and the United States. The Upper Peninsula Luge Club in Negaunee, MI is home to one of only five lighted natural track luge runs in the world, and the only natural track in the United States. The half-mile track features 29 curves along its 88-meter vertical drop. The hill hosts international luge events and offers luge instruction to the public during the winter months. World championships have been held since 1979 while European championships have been held since 1970.
In a team relay competition one man, one woman and a doubles form a team. A touchpad at the bottom of the run is touched by a competitor signaling a teammate at the top of the run to start.
The following persons have been president of the FIL:
{| |- | 1 ||align="left"| || 9 || 7 || 6 || 22 |- | 2 ||align="left"| || 3 || 2 || 2 || 7 |- | 3 ||align="left"| || 1 || 2 || 2 || 5 |- | 4 ||align="left"| || 0 || 2 || 2 || 4 |- | 5 ||align="left"| || 0 || 0 || 1 || 1 |- bgcolor=lightgray | || || || || || |- !colspan=2| Total || 13 || 13 || 13 || 39 |}
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{| |- | 1 ||align="left"| || 9 || 11 || 9 || 29 |- | 2 ||align="left"| || 2 || 0 || 0 || 2 |- | 3 ||align="left"| || 1 || 2 || 3 || 6 |- | 4 ||align="left"| || 1 || 0 || 1 || 2 |- bgcolor=lightgray | || || || || || |- !colspan=2| Total || 13 || 13 || 13 || 39 |}
! No | ! Competitor | ! Year | ! Track | ! Section | ! Race | ! Event | ! Vehicle |
Kazimierz Kay-Skrzypeski | 1964 | Training run | 1964 Winter Olympics | Luge | |||
Stanislaw Paczka | 1969 | Luge | |||||
Nodar Kumaritashvili | 2010 | Training run | 2010 Winter Olympics | Luge |
Category:Olympic sports Category:Racing vehicles Category:Racing sports Category:Sledding Category:Winter sports Category:Human-powered vehicles Category:Sliding vehicles
ar:الزحافات الثلجية bg:Спортни шейни ca:Luge cy:Luge da:Kælk (sportsgren) de:Rennrodeln et:Kelgutamine es:Luge eo:Sledado fr:Luge de course ko:루지 id:Luge it:Slittino lv:Kamaniņu braukšana lt:Rogučių sportas nl:Rodelen ja:リュージュ (スポーツ) no:Aking pl:Saneczkarstwo pt:Luge ru:Санный спорт fi:Ohjaskelkkailu sv:Rodel tl:Luge tr:Kızak uk:Санний спорт zh:無舵雪橇This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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