Salim Khan (born 24 November 1935) is an Indian actor and screenwriter. In Hindi cinema, Khan is best known for his prolific work in the latter area.

Personal life[link]

Khan was born in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. Khan's father was a police officer, while his mother had died when he was still young. In 1964, he married Salma Khan (birth name Sushila Charak), a Maharashtrian Dogra Rajput from Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Salim and Salma have four children together: Salman Khan, Arbaaz Khan, Sohail Khan and Alvira Khan. In 1981, Salim married the entertainer Helen, who lives in a separate house. Relations between his two families were rumored to have been tense at first, but Salim's children are now said to be fond of his second wife. They have also adopted a daughter named Arpita Khan.^{[citation needed]}

Career[link]

Khan debuted after director K. Amarnath saw him at a wedding and was impressed by his good looks. He asked him to come to Mumbai, where he hired him as an actor for Rs. 400 a month. Khan acted in various movies, in large and small parts, for seven years. He was unable to capture the public's interest, and, as a result, his career had stalled. Khan appeared in such films as Teesri Manzil (1966), Sarhaadi Lootera (1966) and Diwaana (1967). He met Javed Akhtar on the sets of Sarhaadi Lootera. Javed used to write dialogues and then became a film script writer, now a well known lyricist. The duo hit it off and formed a scriptwriting team that came to be known as Salim-Javed. Their first big success was the script for Seeta Aur Geeta (1972). They also had hits in Yaadon Ki Baaraat (1973), Zanjeer (1973), Deewaar (1975), Sholay (1975), Trishul (1978), Kranti (1981), Zamaana (1985) and Mr India (1987). Salim-Javed, described by some as "the most successful scripwriters of all-time",^[who?] are also noted to be the first scriptwriters in Indian cinema to achieve star status.^[1]

Filmography[link]

Writer[link]

• Haathi Mere Saathi (1971)
• Seeta Aur Geeta (1972)
• Zanjeer (1973)
• Yaadon Ki Baaraat (1973)
• Majboor (1974)
• Sholay (1975)
• Deewaar (1975)
• Premada Kanike (Kannada) (1976)
• Manushulu Chesina Dongalu (Telugu) (1977)
• Immaan Dharam (1977)
• Chacha Bhatija (1977)
• Don (1978)
• Trishul (1978)
• Kaala Patthar (1979)
• Yugandhar (1979)
• Shaan (1980)
• Dostana (1980)
• Kranti (1981)
• Shakti (1982)
• Zamaana (1985)
• Angaarey (1986)
• Naam (1986)
• Mr India (1987)
• Falak (1988)
• Kabzaa (1988)
• Toofan (1989)
• Jurm (1990)
• Akayla (1991)
• Mast Kalandar (1991)
• Patthar Ke Phool (1991)
• Aa Gale Lag Jaa (1994)
• Majhdhaar (1996)
• Dil Tera Diwana (1996)
• Aag (2007)
• Aag (2007)
• Zanjeer (Simultaneously shot in Hindi & Telugu) (2013)

Producer[link]

• Aakhri Ghulam (1989)
• Insaniyat Ke Devta (1993)
• Billa No. 786 (2000

Actor[link]

• Teesri Manzil (1966)
• Diwana (1968)

References[link]

External links[link]

• Salim Khan at the Internet Movie Database
• Salim-Javed
• An interview with Salim Khan

Selim I
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques Muslim Caliph Amir al-Mu'minin
Period	Growth of the Ottoman Empire
Coronation	1512
Full Name	Selim I
Birthplace	Amasya
Predecessor	Bayezid II
Successor	Suleiman I
Royal House	House of Osman
Dynasty	Ottoman Dynasty
Father	Bayezid II

Selim I, Yavuz Sultân Selim Khan, Hâdim-ül Haramain-ish Sharifain (Servant of the Holy Cities of Mecca and Medina) (Ottoman Turkish: سليم اوّل, Modern Turkish: I.Selim), nicknamed Yavuz "the Stern" or "the Steadfast", but often rendered in English as "the Grim" (October 10, 1465/1466/1470 – September 22, 1520), was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520.^[1] His reign is notable for the enormous expansion of the Empire, particularly his conquest between 1516-1517 of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, which included all of Sham, Hejaz, and Egypt itself. With the heart of the Arab World now under their control, the Ottomans became the dominant power in the region, and in the Islamic world. Upon conquering Egypt, Selim took the title of Caliph of Islam, being the first Ottoman sultan to do so. He was also granted the title of "Khâdim ül Haramain ish Sharifain" (Servant of the Holy Cities of Mecca and Medina), by the Sharif of Mecca in 1517.

Selim's reign represented a sudden change in the expansion policy of the empire, which was working mostly against the West and the Beyliks before his reign.^[2] On the eve of his death in 1520, the Ottoman Empire spanned almost 1 billion acres (trebling during Selim's reign).

Life[link]

Turkish miniature of Sultan Selim I

Sultan Selim Khan is young. The portrait has been printed using the Giclée process.

Outline of the Ottoman Empire, from the Theatro d'el Orbe de la Tierra de Abraham Ortelius, Anvers, 1602, updated from the 1570 edition.

Born in Amasya, Selim dethroned his father Bayezid II (1481–1512) in 1512. Bayezid’s death followed immediately thereafter.^[3] Like his grandfather Mehmed II (1451–81), Selim put his brothers (Şehzade Ahmet and Şehzade Korkut) and nephews to death upon his accession in order to eliminate potential pretenders to the throne. This fratricidal policy was motivated by bouts of civil strife that had been sparked by the antagonism between Selim’s father Beyazid and his uncle Cem Sultan, and between Selim himself and his brother Ahmet. His biological mother was Gül-Bahār Khātûn,^[4] who had never acquired the title of Valide Khātûn since she had died before Selim’s accession to the Ottoman throne. According to another theory, Selim was the biological son of A’ishā (Ayşe) Khātûn I^[5][6] who died at Trebizond on 1505 and was the daughter of Alaüddevle Bozkurt Bey, the eleventh ruler of the Dulkadirids centered around Elbistan in Kahramanmaraş.

Selim I was described as being tall, having very broad shoulders and a long mustache. He was skilled in politics and was said to be fond of fighting.^[7]

Conquest of the Middle East[link]

Safavid Empire[link]

Battle of Chaldiran.

For Selim, one of the first challenges as Sultan was the growing tension between himself and Shah Ismail who had recently brought the Safavids to power and had switched the state religion from Sunni Islam to the adherence of the Twelever Shi'i Islam. By 1510, Ismail had conquered west part of Iran^[8] and was of a great threat to his Sunni Muslim neighbors to the west. In 1514, Selim I attacked Ismā'il's kingdom to stop the spread of Shiism into Ottoman dominions. Selim and Ismā'il had been exchanging a series of belligerent letters prior to the attack. Selim I defeated Ismā'il at the Battle of Chaldiran in 1514.^[9] Ismā'il's army was more mobile and their soldiers were better prepared but the Ottomans prevailed due in large part to their efficient modern army, and possession of artillery, black powder and muskets. Ismā'il was wounded and almost captured in battle, and Selim I entered the Iranian capital of Tabriz in triumph on September 5,^[10] but did not linger. A mutiny among his troops fearing a counter attack and entrapment by the fresh Safavid forces called in from the interior, forced the triumphant Ottomans to withdraw prematurely. This allowed Ismā'il to recover quickly. The Battle of Chaldiran, was of historical significance, in which the reluctancy showed by Shah Ismail to accept the advantages of modern firearms and the importance of artillery was decisive.^[11] After the battle, Selim referring to Ismail stated that his adversary was: "Always drunk to the point of losing his mind and totally neglectful of the affairs of the state.^[12]

Syria, Palestine, Egypt and the Arabian Peninsula[link]

Selim then conquered the Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, defeating the Mamluk Egyptians first at the Battle of Marj Dabiq, and then at the Battle of Ridanieh. This led to the Ottoman annexation of the entire sultanate, from Syria and Palestine in Sham, to Hejaz in the Arabian Peninsula, and ultimately Egypt itself. This permitted him to extended Ottoman power to the Muslim holy cities of Mecca and Medina, hitherto under Egyptian rule. Rather than style himself the Hakim ul Haremeyn, or The Ruler of The Two Holy Shrines, he accepted the more pious title Khadim ul Haremeyn, or The Servant of The Two Holy Shrines.^[3][13]

After the conquest of Egypt and the Holy Cities in 1517, Selim induced Al-Mutawakkil III (1509–17), the last in the line of Abbasid caliphs who resided in Cairo since 1261 as nominal rulers legitimizing the de facto rule of the Mamluk sultans over the Mamluk Sultanate,^[14] to formally surrender the title of Caliph and its emblems, the sword and the mantle of Muhammad.^[2] These are kept in the Topkapı Palace Museum at Istanbul, Turkey.

Selim I on his deathbed.

Death[link]

After his return from his Egyptian campaign, Selim began to prepare for an expedition which is believed to be against Hungary. This campaign was cut short when he was overwhelmed by sickness and subsequently died in the ninth year of his reign. He was about fifty-five years of age. It is said that Selim succumbed to sirpence, a skin infection which he developed during his long campaigns on horseback. (Sirpence was an anthrax infection sometimes seen among leatherworkers and others who worked with livestock). Some historians claim that he was poisoned by the doctor tending to his infection^[1] and some historians claim that the disease he suffered from was skin cancer. He died at Corlu, Tekirdağ.

Titles[link]

After claiming the Caliphate, Selim assumed the title Malik ul-Barreyn, wa Khakan ul-Bahrayn, wa Kasir ul-Jayshayn, wa Khadim ul-Haramayn - that is, King of the Two Lands (continents Europe and Asia), Khagan of the Two Seas (Mediterranean and Indian Seas), Conqueror of the Two Armies (European and Safavid armies), and Servant of the Two Holy Shrines (Mecca and Medina). This title alludes to his dominions in Africa and Asia (namely, Egypt, Anatolia, and much of the Fertile Crescent), his control over the Mediterranean and Black seas, his defeat of both the Mamluk and Safavid armies, and his guardianship of the shrines of Mecca and Medina.

Personality[link]

By most accounts, Selim had a fiery temper and had very high expectations of his subordinates. Several of his viziers were executed for various reasons. A famous anecdote relates how another vizier playfully asked the Sultan for some preliminary notice of his doom so that he might have time to put his affairs in order. The Sultan laughed and replied that indeed he had been thinking of having the vizier killed, but had no one fit to take his place, otherwise he would gladly oblige. Lord Kinross in his history of the Ottomans reports that life at Sultan Selim's court was full of opportunities, and there were always plenty of applicants to the highest offices, regardless of the risks.

Selim was one of the empires most successful and respected rulers, he was energetic and very hard working. Accordingly, his court was dynamic, with the rewards as great as the risks. During his eight years of ruling he didn't have time to rest. Although he was a leader, he was also very humble and modest. His reign was short, but may have prepared the Ottoman empire for its zenith under the achievements of his son.^[15] A popular legend has it that Selim had filled the royal treasury to the brink and locked it with his own seal. He decreed that "he who will fill the treasury more than this, may use his seal to lock it." The treasury remained locked with Selim's seal until the collapse of the Empire 400 years later.

Selim was also a distinguished poet who wrote both Turkish and Persian verse under the nickname mahlas Selimi; collections of his Persian poetry are extant today.^[15] In one of his poems, he wrote;

A carpet is large enough to accommodate two sufis, but the world is not large enough for two Kings.

— Yavuz Sultan Selim

Relations with other rulers[link]

Relations with the Shah[link]

While marching into Persia in 1514, Selim's troops suffered from the scorched-earth tactics of Shah Ismail. The Sultan hoped to lure Ismail into an open battle before his troops starved to death, and began writing insulting letters to the Shah, accusing him of cowardice:

They, who by perjuries seize scepters ought not to skulk from danger, but their breast ought, like the shield, to be held out to encounter peril; they ought, like the helm, to affront the foeman's blow.

Ismail responded to Selim's third message, quoted above, by sending an envoy to deliver a letter accompanied by a box of opium. The Shah's letter insultingly implied that Selim's prose must have been the work of an unqualified writer on drugs. Selim was known to occasionally use opium, and grew enraged by the Shah's denigration of his literary talent. He ordered the Persian envoy to be torn to pieces.^[16]

Relations with Babur[link]

Babur's early relations with the Ottomans were very troubling because the Ottoman Sultan Selim I provided, Babur's arch rival Ubaydullah Khan with powerful Matchlocks and Cannons to counter the influence of the Safavids.^[17] In the year 1507, when ordered to accept Selim I as his rightful suzerain Babur refused, and gathered Qizilbash servicemen in order to counter the forces of Ubaydullah Khan during the Battle of Ghazdewan. In the year 1513, Ottoman Sultan Selim I reconciled with Babur (probably fearing that he would join the Safavids), dispatched Ustad Ali Quli the artilleryman and Mustafa Rumi the Matchlock marksman and many other Ottoman Turks, in order to assist Babur in his conquests. Thenceforth this particular assistance proved to be the basis of future Mughal-Ottoman relations.^[18]

References[link]

External links[link]

•  "Selim". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911. 

v t e Ottoman princes fighting for the throne Against Murat I (1373) Savcı Bey Ottoman Interregnum (1402–1413) Mehmet Çelebi · Süleyman Çelebi · İsa Çelebi · Musa Çelebi Against Mehmet I (1419) Mustafa Çelebi Against Murat II (1421–1423) Mustafa Çelebi · Küçük Mustafa Against Beyazıt II (1481-1482) Cem Sultan Against Beyazıt II (1511–1512) Selim · Ahmet Against Selim I (1512–1513) Ahmet · Korkut Against Süleyman I (1553–1560) Mustafa · Beyazıt Against Ahmet I (1603-1617) Yahya

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Selim I

Salman Khan
Salman Khan walking the ramp for Sanjana John
Born	Abdul Rashid Salim Salman Khan (1965-12-27) 27 December 1965 (age 46) Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
Residence	Bandra, Mumbai
Other names	Sallu
Occupation	Film actor, television presenter and philanthropist
Years active	1988–present
Parents	Salim Khan Salma Khan
Relatives	Arbaaz Khan (brother) Sohail Khan (brother) Helen Richardson (step-mother)

Salman Khan (pronunciation : [səlˈmaːn ˈxaːn]; born Abdul Rashid Salim Salman Khan on 27 December 1965)^[1] is an Indian film actor. He has starred in more than 80 Hindi films.

Khan, who made his acting debut with a minor role in the drama Biwi Ho To Aisi (1988), had his first commercial success with the blockbuster Maine Pyar Kiya (1989), for which he won a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut. He went on to star in some successful Hindi films of those times, such as Saajan (1991), Hum Aapke Hain Koun..! (1994), Karan Arjun (1995), Judwaa (1997), Pyar Kiya To Darna Kya (1998) and Biwi No.1 (1999), having appeared in the highest earning films of seven separate years during his career.^[2]

In 1999, Khan won a Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor for his extended appearance in Kuch Kuch Hota Hai (1998), and since then has starred in several critical and commercial successes, including Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam (1999), Tere Naam (2003), Mujhse Shaadi Karogi (2004), No Entry (2005), Partner (2007), Wanted (2009), Dabangg (2010), Ready (2011) and Bodyguard (2011), which has become the second highest-grossing Bollywood film of all-time. Khan has thus established himself as one of the most successful actors of Hindi cinema.^[3][4][5]

Early life[link]

Khan is the eldest son of screenwriter Salim Khan and his first wife Salma (née Sushila Charak). His paternal grandfather was a Muslim from Afghanistan^[6][7] who came to India and settled in Madhya Pradesh, whereas his mother is a Marathi Hindu.^[8] Khan himself had once said that he is "half Muslim and half Hindu".^[9][10] His stepmother is Helen, a former actress, who has co-starred with him in a few films. He has two brothers, Arbaaz Khan and Sohail Khan, and two sisters, Alvira and Arpita. Alvira is married to actor/director Atul Agnihotri. Khan finished his schooling through St. Stanislaus High School in Bandra, Mumbai, as did his younger brothers Arbaaz and Sohail. Earlier, he studied at The Scindia School, Gwalior for a few years along with younger brother Arbaaz.^[11][12]

Career[link]

1980s[link]

Salman Khan made his acting debut with a supporting role in the 1988 film Biwi Ho To Aisi. His first leading role in a Bollywood movie was in Sooraj R. Barjatya's romantic family drama Maine Pyar Kiya (1989), one of India's highest grossing films.^[13] It earned him a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut, as well as his first nomination for a Best Actor at Filmfare.

1990s[link]

1990 saw one film release starring Khan, Baaghi: A Rebel for Love. The film was a box office success,^[14] followed by four hit films in 1991, Patthar Ke Phool, Sanam Bewafa, Kurbaan ^[15][16] and Saajan.^[17] Despite these early successes, nearly all of his 1992–1993 releases resulted in box office failures.^[17]

Khan returned to success in 1994 with his second collaboration with director Sooraj Barjatya in the romance Hum Aapke Hain Koun..!, co-starring Madhuri Dixit. This film was the biggest hit of that year, and turned out to be one of Bollywood's highest-grossing films ever, becoming the fourth-highest earner of all time.^[18] In 1995 he starred in Rakesh Roshan's Karan Arjun alongside Shahrukh Khan.^[17] The two played brothers who are reincarnated after being killed by family enemies. The film was the second biggest hit of the year, and his role of Karan once again put his name among the nominees for the Best Actor award at the Filmfare, which was eventually won by his Karan Arjun co-star Shahrukh Khan for Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge.^[19][20]

In 1996, Khan performed in two movies, Sanjay Leela Bhansali's directional debut Khamoshi: The Musical, a box office failure, but critically acclaimed; and Raj Kanwar's action hit Jeet. He had two releases in 1997: Judwaa and Auzaar. The former was a comedy directed by David Dhawan where he played a dual role of twins separated at birth.

Khan worked in five different films in 1998, his first release being the comedy Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya opposite Kajol, one of the biggest commercial successes of that year. This was followed by the moderately successful drama Jab Pyaar Kisise Hota Hai.^[17] Khan played a young man who has to take a child who claims to be his son, under his custody. Khan's performance in the film earned him several positive notices and favourable reviews from critics. He rounded of the year with an extended cameo in Karan Johar's directorial debut, Kuch Kuch Hota Hai for which he earned a second Filmfare Award under the Best Supporting Actor category.

In 1999, Khan starred in three films: Hum Saath-Saath Hain: We Stand United and Biwi No.1, two of the highest grossing films that year;^[21] and Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam, which earned another Best Actor nomination at the Filmfare.

2000s[link]

In 2000, Khan acted in films including Har Dil Jo Pyar Karega . Chori Chori Chupke Chupke addressed the issue of surrogate childbirth; Khan played the role of a rich industrialist, who hires a surrogate mother after his wife becomes infertile. Critics noted his turn towards a more serious role, which reportedly had more substance in comparison to his previous roles.^[22][23] In 2002 he starred in the delayed release Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam.

For Tere Naam, (2003) Taran Adarsh said of him, "Salman Khan is exceptional in a role that fits him to the T. He breathes fire in sequences that demand uneasiness. But beneath the tough exterior lies a vulnerable person and this facet in particular comes to the fore in the latter reels. His emotional outbursts are splendid..."^[24] He subsequently continued his success at the box office, with comedies like Mujhse Shaadi Karogi (2004) and No Entry (2005).^[17] Khan's work in 2006 included Jaan-E-Mann and Baabul .

Khan started 2007 with the ensemble film Salaam E Ishq. His next release Partner did very well at the box office, receiving a blockbuster verdict.^[25] He next appeared in the Hollywood movie, Marigold: An Adventure in India which told the love story of an Indian man and an American woman. Khan starred in three films throughout 2008, all of which underperformed.^[26]

Khan hosted the second season of 10 Ka Dum in year 2009 which turned out to be even more successful than his first season as host of the game show in year 2008. The show got very high TRPs for Sony Entertainment Television and according to reports, the show helped Sony TV regain its third position in the Indian television ratings.^[27]

Khan's first film of 2009, Wanted directed by choreographer turned director Prabhu Deva. In the same year, he appeared in two other films, Main Aurr Mrs Khanna and London Dreams. While London Dreams doing average business, only due to the uninspiring music, but Main Aurr Mrs Khanna made 21 crores through DTH Premiere.^[28]

2010s[link]

Khan's first release of 2010 was Anil Sharma's commercially and critically unsuccessful film Veer. His next release, Dabangg, was produced by his brother Arbaaz Khan, and released on 10 September 2010. It made a record opening at the box office^[29] and Box Office India declared it an all-time blockbuster.^[30] For his performance in Dabangg, Khan received a Star Screen Award for Best Actor and a Stardust Award for Star of the Year – Male and was nominated for his sixth Filmfare Award for Best Actor. Anupama Chopra from NDTV wrote about his performance, "It's the role of a lifetime and Salman Khan bites into it like a starving man devours a feast. He inhabits it fully, strutting and swaggering and even, spoofing himself."^[31]

Khan's first release of 2011 was Ready which released on 3 June. The film broke several box office records and is currently the fourth highest-grossing Bollywood film of all time. He next appeared in Bodyguard. Upon release, the film became an all time blockbuster at the box office,^[32] with Khan's performance receiving favourable comments from critics and is currently the second highest-grossing Bollywood film of all time. ^[33]

Personal life[link]

In 2004, he was voted seventh-best-looking man in the world and the best looking man in India by People magazine, USA.^[34] Khan has been involved in several charities during his career.^[35]

On 11 October 2007, Khan accepted an offer from Madame Tussauds wax museum in London to have a wax replica made of himself. His life-size wax figure was installed there on 15 January 2008, making him the fourth Indian actor to have been replicated as a wax statue in the museum.^[36][37]

Khan has been the subject of several controversies, including certain legal troubles. On 28 September 2002, Khan was arrested for rash and negligent driving. His car had run into a bakery in Mumbai; one person who was sleeping on the pavement outside the bakery died and three others were injured in the mishap.^[38] Charges of culpable homicide were laid against him, but later dropped, and he was found not guilty.^[39] On 17 February 2006, Khan was sentenced to one year in prison for hunting the Chinkara, an endangered species. The sentence was stayed by a higher court during appeal.^[40] On 10 April 2006, he was handed a five year jail term and remanded to Jodhpur jail until 13 April when he was granted bail.^[41]

On September 2010, Khan was reported to have claimed during an interview to a Pakistani channel that the 26/11 attacks were hyped because the "elite" were targeted.^[42][43] During the interview the actor had said - "It was the elite that was targeted this time. Five star hotels and all. So they panicked. Then they got up and spoke about it. My question is why not before. Attacks have happened in trains and small towns too, but no one talked about it so much."^[42][43] Khan also said that Pakistan was not to be blamed for it, and that the Indian security forces had failed.^[44] Khan's comments had drawn strong reactions from Deputy Chief Minister of Maharashtra Chagan Bhujbal, Shiv Sena, BJP and other political parties.^[45] The comments were also condemned by Ujwal Nikam, Special Prosecutor in the 26/11 trial.^[45] Khan later apologised for his comments.^[42]

His relationship with actress Aishwarya Rai was a well publicised topic in the Indian media.^[46] After their break-up in March 2002, Rai accused him of harassing her. She claimed that Khan had not been able to come to terms with their break-up and was hounding her; her parents lodged a complaint against him.^[47] In 2005, news outlets released what was said to be an illicit copy of a mobile phone call recorded in 2001 by the Mumbai police. It appeared to be a call in which he threatened Rai, in an effort to force her to appear at social events held by Mumbai crime figures. The call featured boasts of connections to organised crime and derogatory comments about other actors. However, the alleged tape was tested in the government's Forensic lab in Chandigarh, which concluded that it was fake.^[48][49]

After years of speculations, actress Katrina Kaif admitted in an 2011 interview for a magazine that she was in a serious relationship with Salman Khan for several years, which ended in 2010.^[50]

In August 2011 he admitted he suffers from trigeminal neuralgia, a facial nerve disorder commonly known as the suicide disease. In an interview he said that he has been quietly suffering it for the past seven years, but now the pain’s become unbearable. It has even affected his voice, making it much harsher.^[51]

Being Human Foundation[link]

Being Human Foundation is a registered charitable trust set up by Salman Khan for helping the cause of the underprivileged. In its early days, Salman Khan set up and funded the Foundation using his own money. The Foundation has two focus areas: Education and Healthcare. To increase the reach and corpus of the Foundation, Salman Khan has undertaken initiatives such as Being Human Art; Being Human merchandise; and Being Human Gitanjali Gold Coins. Proceeds from the activities of these initiatives go towards spreading education and healthcare for the underprivileged.

BEING HUMAN ART: The first showing of Being Human Art was an exhibition of Salman Khan's paintings at Dubai in October 2009. The response was tremendous and more exhibitions are being planned.

BEING HUMAN MERCHANDISE: Being Human Fashion was announced at HDIL India Couture Week 2009 in a show that made fashion history by featuring the biggest ever line-up of superstars including Aamir Khan, Ajay Devgan, Akshay Kumar, Govinda, Katrina Kaif, Saif Ali Khan, Salman Khan and Sanjay Dutt. At HDIL India Couture Week 2010, Salman launched Being Human watches and followed it up with another glittering show featuring Bipasha Basu, Kareena Kapoor, Karisma Kapoor, Katrina Kaif, Preity Zinta, Priyanka Chopra, Rani Mukherjee and Sushmita Sen. Being Human T-shirts were launched in November 2010.

BEING HUMAN GITANJALI GOLD COINS: Being Human, the Salman Khan Foundation has tied up with India's biggest jewellery brand Gitanjali to launch co-branded gold coins.

BEING HUMAN PARTNERS MARROW DONORS REGISTRY INDIA (MDRI): In November 2010, the Foundation partnered with MDRI to create awareness and generate donors in order to create a robust registry in India.^[52]

In 2011. Salman Khan launched his own production company called SKBH Productions (Salman Khan Being Human Productions).Money which will be generated from film productions will be donated to Being Human. First film made under the banner was kids entertainer Chillar Party, which went on to win 3 National Awards, for Best Children's film, best original screenplay and Child Artist's Award .^{[53] [54]}

Non film work[link]

Khan has started an NGO called 'Being Human' which will sell T-shirts and other products online and in stores. A portion of the sales will go to a worthy cause supporting the underprivileged.^[55] In April 2012, he became the brand ambassador for the travel website, Yatra.com, which also made him a shareholder.^[56].He has also endorsed the History Channel, Suzuki motorcycles,^[57] and Mountain Dew with whom he ended the contract in December 2010.^[58]

In January 2012, Khan has offered to pay 40 lakh (US$79,800) for releasing around 400 prisoners from around 63 prisons in the state of Uttar Pradesh via his NGO. The prisoners had completed their term but due to economical reasons, they were unable to pay a legal fine for their charges.^[59]

Awards and nominations[link]

Filmography[link]

Actor[link]

Television presenter[link]

• 10 Ka Dum (Seasons 1 & 2)
• Bigg Boss (Seasons 4 & 5)

Writer[link]

• Baaghi: A Rebel for Love (1990)^[64]
• Chandra Mukhi (1993)^[65]
• Veer (2010)

Producer[link]

• Chillar Party (2011)

See also[link]

Bollywood portal

• List of Indian Actors
• List of people from Madhya Pradesh

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Ghosh, Biswadeep (2004). Hall of Fame: Salman Khan. Mumbai: Magna Books. ISBN 81-7809-249-2. 

External links[link]

• Salman Khan at the Internet Movie Database
• Salman Khan on Twitter

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Javed Akhtar
Born	(1945-01-17) 17 January 1945 (age 67)[1] Gwalior state, British India
Occupation	Lyricist, poet, scriptwriter
Nationality	Indian
Subjects	Love, philosophy
Spouse(s)	Honey Irani (divorced) Shabana Azmi
Children	Farhan Akhtar Zoya Akhtar
Influences Majaz, Jan Nisar Akhtar
Influenced Urdu poetry
www.javedakhtar.com

Javed Akhtar (born 17 January 1945) is a poet, lyricist and scriptwriter from India. Akhtar is a main stream writer and some of his most successful work was carried out in the late 1970s and 1980s with Salim Khan as half of the script-writing duo credited as Salim-Javed. Akhtar continues to be a prominent figure in Bollywood and is one of the most popular and sought-after lyricists.^{[citation needed]}

Early life[link]

He was born as Jadoo Akhtar in Gwalior, (Madhya Pradesh) to Jan Nisar Akhtar, a Bollywood film songwriter and Urdu poet, and singer Safia Akhtar, a teacher and writer.^[1] His original name was Jadoo, taken from a line in a poem written by his father: "Lamba, lamba kisi jadoo ka fasana hoga". He was given the official name of Javed since it was the closest to the word jadoo.^[2] Amongst his family members who are poets are the Urdu poet Majaz (maternal uncle), and his grandfather, Muztar Khairabadi, and Maulana Fazl-e-Haq Khairabadi, a noted philosopher, poet and religious scholar of the nineteenth century. Akhtar's younger brother, Salman Akhtar, is a psychoanalyst practicing in the United States.

Having lost his mother while very young, Akhtar's early years were spent in Lucknow, Aligarh and Mumbai, mostly with relatives. He studied in Colvin Taluqdars' College in Lucknow and the Minto Circle where he completed his matriculation from Aligarh Muslim University. After matriculation, Akhtar acquired a B.A. from Saifiya College in Bhopal. A gifted debater in college, he won the Rotary Club Prize frequently.

Career[link]

Akhtar arrived in Mumbai on 4 October 1964. In his early years living in Mumbai, he managed to write the dialogue for a minor film for Rs. 100. Occasionally, he used to work as an assistant. He got a job as a scriptwriter on Yakeen which flopped. Akhtar then joined with his friend Salim Khan to develop the story for Adhikar. Salim-Javed were hired by G. P. Sippy's Sippy Films as resident screenwriters and produced the screenplays for successful films like Andaz, Seeta Aur Geeta, Sholay and Don.

Akhtar used to write his scripts in Urdu, which were then written out in Hindi by his assistant. Another assistant would type out a one line summary in English. His association with Salim Khan lasted until 1980. After this Akhtar wrote some scripts on his own, but mostly moved into writing lyrics for films, in which he achieved success.

Akhtar has also attempted more serious Urdu poetry aside from writing lyrics for movies. A major set of his works were compiled in Tarkash, which was also rendered into audio in his voice. Singers such as late Jagjit Singh and late Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan have sung some of his non-movie poetry.

Javed Akhtar was also a judge alongside Anu Malik, Kailash Kher and Sonali Bendre on India's singer hunt Indian Idol 4. He is also on the advisory board of the Asian Academy of Film & Television.

Personal life[link]

Akhtar was born a Muslim, but later became an Atheist as he stated in his speech "Spirituality, Halo or Hoax".^[3][4] Akhtar was married to Honey Irani, a script-writer for Hindi films, with whom he had two children Farhan Akhtar and Zoya Akhtar, both film directors and actors. The father and son duo have worked together in films such as Dil Chahta Hai, Lakshya, Rock On!! and Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara along with Zoya. His son Farhan is married to Adhuna Akhtar, a hair stylist.^[5]

After Javed's divorce with Irani, he married actress Shabana Azmi, the daughter of another Urdu poet, Kaifi Azmi.

Awards[link]

Javed Akhtar was awarded the Padma Shri award by the Government of India in 1999 and received the Padma Bhushan in 2007. Akhtar has also won the Filmfare Award fourteen times, seven times for Best Script, and eight times for Best Lyrics for "Ek Ladki Ko Dekha..." in 1942-A Love Story, "Ghar Se Nikalte Hi..." for Papa Kahte Hain, "Sandese Aate Hain...." for Border, "Panchhi Nadiyan Pawan Ke Jhonke..." for Refugee, "Radha Kaise Na Jale" for Lagaan, "Kal Ho Na Ho" for Kal Ho Na Ho, "Tere Liye..." for Veer-Zaara and "Jashn-e-Bahara" for Jodhaa Akbar.

Akhtar has won the National Award five times. In 1996 he won for Best Lyricist for the film Saaz and in 1997 he won the National Award for Border. He again won the National Award in 1998 for Godmother. In 2000 he again won the National Award for the song "Panchhi Nadiyan Pawan Ke Jonke..." from the film Refugee and in 2001 for "Radha Kaise Na Jale" from Lagaan.

He has won the 1995 and 1997 Screen Videocon Awards. He also won first Zee Award for Best Lyricist for "Sandese Aate Hain" from the film Border. He was awarded a Videocon Screen award as well as a Lux Zee Cine award for "Panchhi Nadiyan Pawan Ke Jhonke..." for Refugee.

In 2001 Akhtar received the "National Integration Award" from the All India Anti-Terrorist Association and the Avadh Ratan from the U.P. Government. He also won the 2003 Hakim Khan Sur Sammaan Award from the Maharana Mewar Foundation, Udaipur.

Filmography[link]

As scriptwriter[link]

Movies written as part of the Salim-Javed team are marked as such.

• Haathi Mere Saathi, 1971 (Salim-Javed)
• Seeta Aur Geeta, 1972 (Salim-Javed)
• Yaadon Ki Baaraat, 1973 (Salim-Javed)
• Zanjeer, 1973 (Salim-Javed)
• Majboor, 1974 (Salim-Javed)
• Deewar, 1975 (Salim-Javed)
• Sholay, 1975 (Salim-Javed)
• Immaan Dharam, 1977 (Salim-Javed)
• Chacha Bhatija, 1977 (Salim-Javed)
• Manushulu Chesina Dongalu (Telugu film), 1977 (Salim-Javed)
• Trishul, 1978 (Salim-Javed)
• Don, 1978 (Salim-Javed)
• Yugandhar (Telugu remake of Don), 1979 (Salim-Javed)
• Kaala Patthar, 1979 (Salim-Javed)
• Dostana, 1980 (Salim-Javed)
• Shaan, 1980 (Salim-Javed)
• Kranti, 1981 (Salim-Javed)
• Shakti, 1982 (Salim-Javed)
• Duniya, 1984, story, screenplay, and dialogue
• Mashaal, 1984 (Javed Akhtar)
• Saagar, 1985 (Javed Akhtar)
• Meri Jung, 1985 (Javed Akhtar)
• Mr. India, 1987 (Salim-Javed)
• Main Azaad Hoon, 1989,Story
• Roop Ki Rani Choron Ka Raja (1993), story, screenplay, and dialogue
• Don: The Chase Begins Again (Salim-Javed: based on original script), 2006
• Zanjeer (Hindi & Telugu film), 2013 (Salim-Javed)

He has been awarded the Filmfare Best Lyricist Award 8 times.

As lyricist[link]

See also[link]

Poetry portal

• Salim-Javed
• Urdu
• List of Urdu-language poets

References[link]

• Chopra, Anupama, Sholay - The Making Of A Classic (Penguin Books) 2000 ISBN 0-14-029970-X

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Javed Akhtar

• Javed Akhtar Songs, Poetry, Biography
• Javed Akhtar at Kavita Kosh (Hindi)
• Javed Akhtar at the Internet Movie Database
• BBC's Noel Thompson interviews JavedAkhtar on 4 September 2006
• JavedAkhtar.com

Sohail Khan
Sohail Khan playing for Mumbai Heroes at Celebrity Cricket League
Born	Abdul Rashid Salim Sohail Khan (1970-12-20) 20 December 1970 (age 41) Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Other names	Khan Bhai Sohail
Occupation	Actor, Director, Writer, Producer
Years active	1984-1986, 1988, 1997–present
Spouse	Seema Sachdev Khan
Children	Nirvaan Khan Aslam Khan
Parents	Salim Khan (Father) Salma Khan (Mother) Helen (Step mother)
Relatives	Salman Khan (Brother) Arbaaz Khan (Brother) Alvira Khan Agnihotri (Sister) Arpita Khan (Sister) Atul Agnihotri (Brother in law)

Sohail Khan born 20 December 1970) is an Indian director, writer, producer and actor working in the Hindi cinema. He is the younger brother of actors Salman Khan and Arbaaz Khan. He produces films under his banner Sohail Khan Productions.

Early life[link]

Khan was born in Mumbai, Maharashtra to screenwriter Salim Khan and his wife Salma (maiden name Sushila Charak). His paternal grandfather came to India from Afghanistan and settled in Madhya Pradesh; whereas his mother is a Marathi Hindu..^[1][2] His stepmother is Bollywood actress, Helen, who is famous for her dance and item numbers. His older brothers are actors Salman Khan and Arbaaz Khan. His sister, Alvira Khan, is married to Bollywood actor Atul Agnihotri, while his younger sister Arpita Khan collaborated with Sneha Ullal for his movie Lucky: No Time for Love, which he produced with Sohail Khan Production.^[3]

Career[link]

Sohail Khan is son to legendary scriptwriter Salim Khan. He is married to Seema Sachdev and has two sons Nirvaan Khan and Yohan. He started his career as a film producer and director making his directorial debut with the 1997 action thriller Auzaar which starred his brother Salman and Sanjay Kapoor. He then directed both of his brothers Salman and Arbaaz in the hit film Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya (1998) and the less successful Hello Brother (1999) under his earlier banner G.S. Entertainment.^[4]

In 2002, he wrote, produced, directed and made his acting debut in Maine Dil Tujhko Diya which performed poorly at the box office.^[5] He then appeared in a few more films, none of which sold well. He had his first hit with the film Maine Pyaar Kyun Kiya? (2005) in which he co-starred with his brother Salman Khan.^[6]

Khan has also produced live stage shows in India and all over the world featuring various Indian film stars. His company also produced music videos and even made a foray into television with 'Chehre Pe Chehra' which was directed by Rishi Vohra.

He wrote the story, produced and acted in the multi-starrer Fight Club – Members Only (2006), which did not do well at the box office. His only 2007 release as an actor was the multi-starrer Salaam-e-Ishq: A Tribute to Love. He then produced Partner which starred his brother Salman and Govinda in the lead roles and was a box office success.^[7] In 2008, he has appeared in Hello and Heroes.

In 2010, he featured in Veer with brother Salman, released on 22 January 2010.^[8]

Personal life[link]

Khan is married to Seema Sachdev and they have two sons, Nirvaan.^[9] and Yohan (born June 2011).^[10]

Filmography[link]

Actor[link]

Director[link]

Producer[link]

Writer[link]

• Pyaar Kiya To Darna Kya (1998)
• Hello Brother (1999)
• Fight Club – Members Only (2006)
• Kissan(2009)

Television Appearances[link]

• Comedy Circus Ka Naya Daur (2011) ... Judge
• Kahani Comedy Circus Ki (2012) ... Judge

References[link]

External links[link]

• Sohail Khan at the Internet Movie Database
• Kids gain confidence by showcasing talent: Sohail Khan
• Celebrity Cricket League unites Indian film industry – Sohail Khan
• Sohail Khan at a bar launch party