A-side and B-side originally referred to the two sides of gramophone records on which singles were released beginning in the 1950s. The terms have come to refer to the types of song conventionally placed on each side of the record, with the A-side being the featured song (the one that the record producer hopes will receive radio airplay and become a "hit"), while the B-side, or flipside, is a secondary song that often does not appear on the artist's LP.

History [link]

The earliest 10-inch, 78 rpm, shellac records were single sided. Double sided recordings, with one song on each side, were introduced in Europe by Columbia Records and by the late 1910s they had become the norm in both Europe and the USA. There were no record charts until the 1930s, and radio stations (by and large) did not play recorded music until the 1950s (when top 40 radio overtook full-service network radio). In this time, A-sides and B-sides existed, but neither side was considered more important; the "side" did not convey anything about the content of the record.

In 1948, Columbia Records introduced the ten- and twelve-inch long-playing (LP) vinyl record for commercial sales, and its rival RCA-Victor responded the next year with the seven-inch 45 rpm vinyl record, which would come to replace the 78 as the home of the single. The term "single" came into popular use with the advent of vinyl records in the early 1950s. At first, most record labels would randomly assign which song would be an A-side and which would be a B-side. (All phonograph (gramophone) records have specific identifiers for each side in addition to the catalog number for the record itself; the "A" side would typically be assigned a sequentially lower number.) Under this random system, many artists had so-called "double-sided hits", where both songs on a record made one of the national sales charts (in ''Billboard'', ''Cashbox'', or other magazines), or would be featured on jukeboxes in public places.

As time wore on, however, the convention for assigning songs to sides of the record changed. Very early into the decade, the song on the A-side was the song that the record company wanted radio stations to play, as 45 records (or '45s') dominated the market in terms of cash sales. It was not until 1968, for instance, that the total production of albums on a unit basis finally surpassed that of singles in the United Kingdom. By the early 1970s, double-sided hits had become rare. Album sales had increased, and B-sides had become the side of the record where non-album, non-radio-friendly, instrumental versions or simply inferior recordings were placed.

With the advent of cassette and compact disc singles in the late 1980s, the A-side/B-side differentiation became much less meaningful. At first, cassette singles would often have one song on each side of the cassette, matching the arrangement of vinyl records, but eventually, cassette maxi-singles, containing more than two songs, became more popular. With the decline of cassette singles in the 1990s, the A-side/B-side dichotomy became virtually extinct, as the remaining dominant medium, the compact disc, lacked an equivalent physical distinction. However, the term "B-side" is still used to refer to the "bonus" tracks or "coupling" tracks on a CD single.

With the advent of legal methods of downloading music via the Internet, sales of CD singles and other physical media have declined, and the term "B-side" is now less commonly used. Songs that were not part of an artist's collection of albums are made available through the same downloadable catalogs as tracks from their albums, and are usually referred to as "unreleased", "bonus", "non-album", "rare", "outtakes" or "exclusive" tracks, the latter in the case of a song being available solely from a certain provider of music.

Significance [link]

B-side songs may be released on the same record as a single to provide extra "value for money". There are several types of material commonly released in this way, including a different version (e.g., instrumental, a cappella, live, acoustic, remixed version or in another language/text), or, in a concept record, a song that does not fit into the story line.

Additionally, it was common in the 1960s and 1970s for longer songs by soul, funk or R&B; acts to be broken into two parts for single release. Examples of this include the Isley Brothers "Shout" (Parts 1 and 2), and a number of records by James Brown, including "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag" (Parts 1 & 2) and "Say It Loud - I'm Black and I'm Proud (Parts 1 & 2). "Part 1" would be the chart hit, while "Part 2" would be a continuation of the same recording. A notable example of a non-R&B; hit with parts 1 & 2 was the single release of Don McLean's "American Pie". With the advent of the 12" single in the late 1970s, the Part 1/Part 2 method of recording was largely abandoned.

Since both sides of a single received equal royalties, some composers deliberately arranged for their songs to be used as the B-sides of singles by popular artists. This became known as the "flipside racket".

On a few occasions, the B-side became the more popular song. This was usually because a DJ preferred the B-side to its A-side and played it instead. Examples include "I Will Survive" by Gloria Gaynor (originally the B-side of "Substitute"), "I'll Be Around" by The Spinners (originally the B-side of "How Could I Let You Get Away"), "Maggie May" by Rod Stewart (originally the B-side of "Reason To Believe"), and "Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" by Beyoncé (originally the B-side of "If I Were a Boy"). More rarely, both sides of the single would become hits, such as Queen's "We Are the Champions" and "We Will Rock You".

The song "How Soon Is Now?" by The Smiths started out as the extra track on the 12" of "William, It Was Really Nothing" but later gained a separate release as an A-side in its own right, as did Oasis's "Acquiesce", which originally appeared as a B-side to "Some Might Say" in 1995, but gained subsequent release in 2006 as part of an EP to promote their forthcoming compilation album, ''Stop the Clocks''. Feeder in 2001 and 2005 had the B-sides "Just a Day" from "Seven Days In The Sun", and "Shatter" from "Tumble and Fall" released as A-sides after fan petitions and official website and fansite message board hype, and both charted at #12 and #11 in the UK. In 1986, the first single from XTC's record Skylarking, "Grass", was eclipsed in the United States by its B-side, Dear God --- so much so that the record was almost immediately re-released with one song (Mermaid Smiled) removed and "Dear God" put in its place, becoming one of the band's better-known "hits".

On some reissued singles the A- and B-sides are by completely different artists, or two songs from different albums that would not normally have been released together. These were sometimes made for the jukebox, as one record with two popular songs on it would make more money, or to promote an artist to the fans of another. For example, in 1981, Kraftwerk released their new single "Computer Love", with the B side of "The Model" from their previous album. After "The Model" found popularity, the single was re-released with the sides reversed, and "The Model" hit the UK No. 1 spot, three years after its album release.

B-side compilations [link]

Occasionally, artists released albums of compiled B-sides and rare tracks. Examples are numerous, including:

Adam Ant - ''B-Side Babies''

The Beatles - ''Rarities''

CKY - ''B-Sides & Rarities''

The Clash - ''Black Market Clash'' and ''Super Black Market Clash''

The Cure - ''Join the Dots: B-Sides & Rarities 1978–2001 (The Fiction Years)''

Dead Kennedys - ''Give Me Convenience or Give Me Death''

Def Leppard - ''Retro Active''

Deftones - ''B-Sides & Rarities''

Disturbed - "The Lost Children"

Gorillaz - ''G-Sides'' and ''D-Sides''

Green Day - ''Shenanigans''

Ice Cube - ''Bootlegs & B-Sides''

The Killers - ''Sawdust''

Muse - ''Hullabaloo Soundtrack'' (a two-disc set, the first disc was B-sides)

Nirvana - ''Incesticide''

No Doubt - ''Everything in Time''

Oasis - ''The Masterplan''

Pearl Jam - ''Lost Dogs''

Prince - ''The Hits/The B-Sides'' (a three-disc set, of which one was devoted entirely to B-sides (released 1993)

Pet Shop Boys - ''Alternative''

Rancid - ''B Sides and C Sides''

Sarah McLachlan - ''Rarities, B-Sides and Other Stuff'' and ''Rarities, B-Sides and Other Stuff Volume 2''

The Smiths - ''Hatful of Hollow'', ''The World Won't Listen'' and ''Louder Than Bombs''

Stereolab - ''Refried Ectoplasm'' (Switched on Vol. 2)

Suede - ''Sci-Fi Lullabies''

U2 - ''Medium, Rare & Remastered''

The Who - ''Odds & Sods'', ''Rarities Volume I & Volume II'', ''Who's Missing'', and ''Two's Missing''

A Day to Remember - ''Attack of the Killer B-Sides''

Pet Shop Boys - ''Format''

XTC - ''Beeswax: Some B-Sides 1977–1982''

Double A-side [link]

A "double A-side" is a single which has two featured songs. This practice was introduced by The Beatles in 1965 for their single "Day Tripper", which appeared on the same single with "We Can Work It Out". The Beatles released a number of other double A-sided singles, namely "Yellow Submarine" backed with "Eleanor Rigby", "Strawberry Fields Forever" backed with "Penny Lane", and "Come Together" backed with "Something".

Some singles have also been designated double A-sides in retrospect, such as Elvis Presley's 1956 "Don't Be Cruel", which appeared on the same single with "Hound Dog"; this was done because both sides became chart hits independently of one another.

In the UK, the biggest-selling non-charity single of all time was a double A-side, Wings 1977 release "Mull of Kintyre"/"Girls' School", which sold over two million copies. It was also the UK Christmas No. 1 that year, the only occasion on which a double A-side has topped that chart.

Queen released their first double-A-side single "Killer Queen", backed with "Flick of the Wrist", in 1974. However, due to lack of promotion, only "Killer Queen" became a hit, whereas "Flick of the Wrist" was all but ignored. Three years later, they released "We Are the Champions" with "We Will Rock You" as a B-side. Both sides of the single received much radio airplay, which made them sometimes referred to as double A-side. In 1978 they released "Fat Bottomed Girls"/"Bicycle Race" as a double A-side; that time both sides of the single become hits.

Occasionally double-A-sided singles are released with each side targeting a different market. During the late 1970s, for example, Dolly Parton released a number of double-A-sided singles, in which one side was released to pop radio, and the other side to country, including "Two Doors Down"/"It's All Wrong but It's All Right" and "Baby I'm Burning"/"I Really Got the Feeling".

Oasis released "Little by Little"/"She Is Love" as a double A-side in 2002. Many artists continue to release double A-side singles outside of the US where it is seen as more popular. Examples of this include Bloc Party's "So Here We Are"/"Positive Tension" and Gorillaz's "El Mañana"/"Kids with Guns".

Artists having the most U.S. double-sided singles where each side charted in the US Hot 100, according to ''Billboard'':

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" ! Artist !! Number |- | Elvis Presley || 51 |- | The Beatles || 26 |- | Fats Domino || 24 |- | Pat Boone || 21 |- | Ricky Nelson || 19 |- | Nat King Cole || 19 |- | Brenda Lee || 16 |- | Ray Charles || 16 |- | Connie Francis || 13 |- | The Everly Brothers || 13 |- | Perry Como || 12 |- | Brook Benton || 12 |- | Aretha Franklin || 11 |- | Sam Cooke || 11 |- | The Platters || 10 |- | Jackie Wilson || 10 |- | The Beach Boys || 8 |- | Creedence Clearwater Revival || 7 |- | Bill Haley & His Comets || 6 |- | Johnny Mathis || 6 |- | Rolling Stones || 6 |- |}

NOTE: Perry Como (12) and Nat King Cole (19) both had additional double-sided singles on ''Billboard'''s pre-1955 charts.

Artists having the most U.S. double-sided singles where each side reached the Billboard Top 40, according to ''Billboard'':

References [link]

;General

MacDonald, Ian. ''Revolution in the Head: The Beatles' Records and the Sixties'' – ISBN 1-84413-828-3

"A History of the 45rpm record" Martland, Peter. ''EMI: The First 100 Years'' – ISBN 0-7134-6207-8

;Specific

Category:Audio storage

ca:Cara-A i cara-B da:B-side de:B-Seite es:Lado A y lado B eo:B-muzikaĵo fr:Face (disque) ko:커플링 곡 id:Sisi-A dan sisi-B it:Lato B he:איי-סייד ובי-סייד ka:A-მხარე და B-მხარე hu:B-oldal ms:Sebelah A dan sebelah B nah:A-side īhuān B-side nl:B-kant ja:A面/B面 no:A- og B-side nn:A- og B-side pl:Strona A i strona B pt:A-side e B-side ru:Сторона «А» и сторона «Б» simple:A-side and B-side sh:A i B strana sv:A-sida och B-sida uk:Сторона А і сторона Б zh:A面與B面

name	South Park Mexican
img size	216
background	solo_singer
birth name	Carlos Coy
birth date	October 05, 1970 Houston, Texas, U.S.
genre	Rap
years active	1994 – present
associated acts	Baby Bash, Juan Gotti, Rasheed, Lucky Luciano, Carolyn Rodriguez
label	Dope House, Universal, Swishahouse }}

Carlos Coy (born October 5, 1970), better known by his stage name South Park Mexican, is an American rapper, founder of Dope House Records, and convicted felon. His stage name is derived from the South Park neighborhood in Houston, Texas where he was raised.

Coy, his brother Arthur, and a friend founded Dope House Records in 1995; Coy debuted as South Park Mexican that same year with the album ''Hillwood'' under the label. His fourth album, ''The 3rd Wish'', generated two charting singles, "You Know My Name" and "High So High".

In 2002, Coy was convicted of aggravated sexual assault of a child and sentenced to 45 years incarceration, and is currently serving his sentence at the Allred Unit in Wichita Falls, Texas. While incarcerated, he has continued to record music.

Early life[link]

He was born to Arturo Coy, a former Marine from the Falfurrias community in Brooks County, and a woman who dropped out of high school to marry. The marriage ended three years after Coy's birth. Coy's sister, Sylvia, described herself as his "mother-sister". Coy attended various elementary schools, before entering the music magnet program at Welch Middle School. His family moved from southeast Houston to South Park, and Coy attended Woodson Middle School. Rapper Scarface (real name Brad Jordan) also attended Woodson. Coy attended Milby High School until he dropped out in 1987 while still in ninth grade. Coy obtained a GED and enrolled in San Jacinto Junior College for a business associate's degree but failed all his classes there. He then worked at a chemical plant for minimum wage, but after being again unemployed he worked as a door-to-door perfume salesman and eventually a crack cocaine dealer.

Music career[link]

Coy began as a Christian rapper but felt that doing so made him an outcast. In 1995, Coy, along with his brother Arthur Jr. and good friend Jose Antonio Garza from McAllen, Texas founded his own record label, Dope House Records. As South Park Mexican (SPM), Coy released one album in 1995, ''Hillwood'', through his label with distribution in Houston under Southwest Wholesale. He proceeded to release two albums in 1998, the first being ''Hustle Town'' in March, while the second, ''Power Moves'', was released in December 1998. ''The 3rd Wish'' followed in 1999. ''3rd Wish'' was a regional hit, with single "High So High" gaining much local buzz and even charting at #50 on the ''Billboard'' Hot Rap Tracks chart. In 2000, he signed a joint venture between his label and Universal Music Group which earned him a $500,000 advance and national distribution. Universal released three of Coy's albums: ''Time is Money'' and ''The Purity Album'' (2000) and ''Never Change'' (2001). ''The Purity Album'' included single "You Know My Name", which peaked at #99 on the ''Billboard'' R&B; chart and #31 on the rap chart. His Universal releases did not gain much mainstream attention; Jason Birchmeier of Allmusic suggested: "Coy's hardcore rapping proved to be too harsh for the masses". His 2002 album ''Reveille Park'', a compilation of freestyles, was released by Dope House. Dope House released two new albums that he recorded while incarcerated: ''When Devils Strike'', released in 2006, debuted at #46 on the ''Billboard'' 200, and ''The Last Chair Violinist'' followed in 2008.

Child molestation case[link]

name	Carlos Coy
birth date	October 05, 1970
birth place	Houston, Texas, U.S.
alias	South Park Mexican
conviction	sexual assault (May 18, 2002)
conviction penalty	45 years imprisonment
conviction status	Inmate, TDCJ #01110642 in Allred Unit; eligible for parole on October 7, 2024; projected release date April 8, 2047
Occupation	rapper}}

On September 25, 2001, Houston police arrested Coy on a charge of aggravated sexual assault of a child who was then nine years old, but he was released from county jail after posting bail. The incident occurred on Labor Day weekend that year. A Harris County, Texas jury indicted Coy on December 10, 2001 and added another charge over a 1993 incident when SPM allegedly impregnated a then-13-year old girl, who later demanded child support payments from him. Two more charges followed in March 2002 for sexual assault of two 14-year old girls; Coy was held without bail. Coy's trial began on May 8, 2002, when the nine-year-old girl's mother testified that the girl left a sleepover because of abuse. The next day, the girl testified that Coy touched her inappropriately when she was sleeping. On May 18, 2002, a Houston jury convicted Coy of aggravated sexual assault of a child. He was sentenced to 45 years in prison on May 30 and ordered to pay a $10,000 fine. SPM is currently incarcerated in the Allred Unit in Wichita Falls, Texas. Coy is eligible for parole in 2024. His projected release date is April 8, 2047, and his Texas Department of Criminal Justice number is 01110642. He was previously incarcerated in the Powledge Unit near Palestine, Texas. There are persistent messages from online posters calling for his release.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

Year			Title	Peak chart positions
	!align=center width=40	!align=center width=40		!align=center width=40	!align=center width=40
		*Released: March 9, 1995	*Label: Dope House	*Format: CD, cassette, digital download
		*Released: March 3, 1998	*Label: Dope House	*Format: CD, cassette, digital download
align=left	*Released: December 22, 1998	*Label: Dope House	*Format: CD, cassette, digital download
		*Released: November 23, 1999	*Label: Dope House	*Format: CD, cassette, digital download
		*Released: August 15, 2000	*Label: Universal	*Format: CD, cassette, digital download
align=left	*Released: December 12, 2000	*Label: Uptown/Universal	*Format: CD, digital download
		*Released: December 4, 2001	*Label: Universal	*Format: CD, cassette, digital download
		*Released: May 5, 2002	*Label: Dope House	*Format: CD, digital download
		*Released: October 3, 2006	*Label: Dope House	*Format: CD, digital download
		*Released: November 18, 2008	*Label: Dope House	*Format: CD, digital download

Singles[link]

Year	Title	Peak chart positions		Album
		!align=center width=40	!align=center width=40

Mixtapes[link]

''Screwston: The Day Houston Died'' (2000)

''Screwston Vol. 2: Pink Soda'' (2001)

''Screwston Vol. 3: Stuck In Da Mud'' (2002)

Compilations[link]

''Lone Star Ridaz'' (1999)

''Lone Star Ridaz: Wanted'' (2001)

''Lone Star Ridaz: 40 Dayz/40 Nightz'' (2002)

''Lone Star Ridaz: Rules & Regulations (2002)

See also[link]

History of the Mexican-Americans in Houston

References[link]

Category:1970 births Category:21st-century American criminals Category:American Christians Category:American drug traffickers Category:American music industry executives Category:American prisoners and detainees Category:American people convicted of child sexual abuse Category:American rappers of Mexican descent Category:Living people Category:Prisoners and detainees of Texas Category:Rappers from Houston, Texas Category:Underground rappers Category:Universal Records artists

simple:South Park Mexican sv:South Park Mexican

name	Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi
residence	Memphis, TN
birth place	Houston, Texas
nationality	American
education	Master of Arts in Islamic TheologyB.A. in Islamic SciencesAssociate's degree in ArabicIslamic University of MadinahM.Phil in Islamic StudiesYale UniversityB.Sc in Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Houston
alma mater	Islamic University of MadinahYale UniversityUniversity of Houston
occupation	Instructor
title	Dean of Academic Affairs, AlMaghrib Institute
religion	Islam
website	MuslimMatters.org
footnotes	}}

Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi (ياسر قاضي), formerly known as Yasir Kazi, is an American Muslim writer and Islamic instructor for the Al-Maghrib Institute. He has written a number of books and has lectured on Islam and contemporary Muslim issues.

Biography[link]

Qadhi was born in Houston, Texas, to parents of Pakistani origin, but Qadhi has also stated that he hails from Lucknow, India. He completed his primary and secondary education in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, graduating as valedictorian of his class. He returned to Houston to complete a Bachelor of Science in chemical engineering from the University of Houston. When asked why he chose a secular degree instead of an Islamic one first, he remarked:

:"As a Muslim child growing up in America, you are expected to become an engineer or a doctor. It is just understood."

After a short stint at Dow Chemical, he went to the Islamic University of Madinah in Madinah, Saudi Arabia to attain a bachelor's degree in Arabic from the university's College of Hadith and Islamic Sciences and a master's degree in Islamic Theology from the College of Dawah.

He returned to the United States in 2005 after nearly ten years in Saudi Arabia. As of April 2012, he teaches in the Religious Studies Department of Rhodes College, in Memphis, TN. Additionally, he is completing a doctoral in theology at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut.

Qadhi describes himself as a revivalist in the Islamic sense, and likens some of the practices he endorses similar to those practiced by conservative Christian groups and Orthodox Jews in America, particularly with regard to dietary laws, family values, and modest dress for women.

Activities[link]

Qadhi was recently featured in a front-page NY Times Magazine article by Pulitzer Prize winner Andrea Elliott shedding light on Qadhi's activities and biography.

He is the Dean of Academic Affairs and an instructor for the AlMaghrib Institute, a double weekend-based seminar that he and other American Muslims instructors run. The instructors travel to designated locations in the US, UK and Canada (and more recently, Malaysia) to teach Islamic studies in English. He gives regular sermons and lectures, and also appears on a number of Islamic satellite channels: (Islam Channel in England; Huda TV in Egypt; Al-Fajr Channel in Egypt; and Peace TV in India, the UK, and the U.S), where he teaches theology, ''Seerah'', ''Tajweed'' and other topics. He is also one of the founding members and Islamic specialists at MuslimMatters.org, a blogzine for American Muslims. Qadhi appeared on PBS' TV series "Finding Your Roots" in an episode that premiered on April 15, 2012. The episode highlighted his family's migration to America, his geneological history, and the presence of Muslims in America. During the episode, it was revealed to Qadhi that he shares a common ancestor with Barbara Walters and that he is related to Ashkenazi Jews.

Holocaust remarks and subsequent revisionism[link]

''The Daily Telegraph'' reported that, in 2001, Qadhi (whom the newspaper characterized as a "hard-line conservative preacher") described the Holocaust as a hoax, and claimed that "Hitler never intended to mass-destroy the Jews", and "All this [the Holocaust] is false propaganda". The telegraph also reported that Qadhi later retracted his statements, stating that he had been misled. Faced with the charges, Qadhi, acknowledging that he had briefly held mistaken beliefs about the Holocaust, wrote that even in the 2001 lecture he did not deny "the actual occurrence of the Holocaust, or express any support or admiration for Hitler, or claim that all Jews were worthy of being despised or hated". He called it a "one-time mistake", stating that "I firmly believe that the Holocaust was one of the worst crimes against humanity that the 20th century has witnessed."

In July 2010, he was selected to participate in an official delegation of US imams and religious leaders to visit the concentration camps at Auschwitz and Dachau. The Imams subsequently released a joint statement condemning anti-Semitism and labelling Holocaust denial as against the ethics of Islam.

Controversy[link]

Qadhi attempted to unite various Muslim groups in North America via a document entitled ''Pledge of Mutual Respect and Cooperation''. This was met with censure by erstwhile professors at the Islamic University of Madeenah, who criticized his methodology. He faced criticism for collaborating with the members of mystical sufi sects, though Qadhi considered the collaboration to be for the greater good of Muslims in North America. Qadhi has promulgated the notion of re-interpreting aspects of Islamic law to fit the current times. Qadhi has been criticized by conservative Muslim scholars such as Muhammad al Madkhalee for taking a pluralistic and accommodating stance. In an apparent nod to liberal Islam, Qadhi has allegedly shaken CNN journalist Mona Eltahawy's hand.

Views on Jihad[link]

Yasir Qadhi has presented papers on ''jihad'' movements. In 2006, at a conference at Harvard Law School, Qadhi presented a 15-minute analysis of the theological underpinnings of an early militant movement in modern Saudi Arabia headed by Juhayman al-Otaibi. The movement had gained international attention when it held the Grand Mosque of Mecca hostage in 1979. In another paper, presented in September 2009 at an international conference at University of Edinburgh on understanding ''jihad'' in the modern world, he discussed how a specific legal ruling (''fatwā'') of the medieval theologian Ibn Taymiyya was used both by ''jihadist'' and pacifist groups to justify their positions. The paper has been critiqued, however, by Salafi commentators. Qadhi has been involved in de-radicalization efforts in the US, and was a participant in the U.S. Counter-Radicalization Strategy conference organized by the National Counterterrorism Center in the summer of 2008.

Umar Abdulmutallab, the al-Qaeda member who attempted to bomb Northwest Airlines Flight 253 on Christmas Day 2009, was a student at "Ilm Summit", a 16-day AlMaghrib Institute Islamic education conference in August 2008 at which Qadhi was an instructor. Qadhi said of Abdulmutallab, who attended some of the classes that he taught, "He was a very quiet individual, tight-lipped and shy, and he did not ask a single question during the discussions. He barely interacted with the other students at the conference.". Qadhi recalled speaking to Abdulmutallab, and remembered that he was "very reserved in his responses." Abdulmutallab also attended two seminars organized by the AlMaghrib Institute in London in the months before the event in Houston. After the Houston event, Qadhi added, Abdulmutallab did not sign up for further AlMaghrib events, perhaps an indication that extremist ideas were beginning to influence him.

In 2006, Qadhi, noting that Muslims are routinely detained and questioned at airports and other ports of entry, said that the main problem the Muslim community has "is the presumption of guilt. It is the singling out of people just because of their looks or their identity." Qadhi said he himself was on a secret watch list, but had no idea how he got on the list. His name has since been cleared from that list.

Works[link]

Books authored or co-authored[link]

''Riyaa: Hidden Shirk'', 103 pages, Abu Ammaar Yasir Al-Qathi, Dar-al-Fatah, 1996, ISBN 8172317530

''An introduction to the sciences of the Qura̓an'', Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi, Al-Hidaayah Pub., 1999, ISBN 1-898649-32-4

''An Explanation of the Four Principles of Shirk'', 60 pages, Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Yasir Qadhi, Al-Hidaayah, 2000, ISBN 1-898649-52-9

''Du’a : The Weapon of the Believer'', Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi, Al Hidaayah Publishing & Distribution, 2001, ISBN 1-898649-51-0

''15 Ways to Increase Your Earnings from the Quran and Sunnah'', Abu Ammaar Yasir Qadhi, Al Hidaayah Publishing & Distribution, 2002, ISBN 1-898649-56-1

''An explanation of Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab's Kashf al-Shubuhat: a critical analysis of shirk'', Abū Ammaar Yasir Qadhi, Muḥammad ibn ʻAbd al-Wahhāb, Al-Hidaayah, 2003, ISBN 1-898649-62-6

See also[link]

Islam in the United States

List of Da'ees

Dawah

References [link]

External links[link]

MuslimMatters bio (where Qadhi blogs)

Qadhi Audio and Books

Qadhi Video and Audio Lectures from Halal Tube

Qadhi on the Deen Show

Qadhi on the Doha Debates

Doha Debates participant

Video of Qadhi's talk "Perfect Justice: Debunking the Male Bias Myth", April 22, 2006

Video of Qadhi's talk at Global Peace and Unity Conference, 2006

Video of Qadhi's talk at Global Peace and Unity Conference, 2008

Kilday, Anne Marie, "'For the benefit of all mankind'; Local conference highlights Quran's teachings about the importance of honoring animals", ''Houston Chronicle'', December 23, 2006

Category:1975 births Category:Living people Category:Islamic studies scholars Category:American Muslims Category:University of Houston alumni Category:Islamic University of Madinah alumni Category:Yale University alumni Category:American people of Pakistani descent Category:Muslim theologians

ar:ياسر قاضي

name	Philip Xenidis
birth date	March 10, 1966
origin	Toronto, Ontario, Canada
alias	Phil X
instrument	Guitar, vocals
occupation	Musician, songwriter, guitarist
genre	Hard rock, heavy metal, blues-rock
associated acts	Powder, The Drills, Tommy Lee, Avril Lavigne, Bon Jovi, Alice Cooper
website	Philx.tv
notable instruments	ESP and LTD ViperYamaha SG1820
background	solo_singer }}

Philip Xenidis, better known as Phil X (born 10 March 1966), is a Greek-born Canadian guitarist and co-founder of the Los Angeles-based turbo pop band Powder. He also has a second band, the Drills. He is best known as the guitarist who replaced Rik Emmett in the Canadian rock band Triumph, for the ''Edge of Excess'' album and tour and as the Guitar Reviewer of fretted americana on YouTube.

An early opportunity in Xenidis's career came when he was asked in 1990 to tour with Randy Coven, whom he met through Aldo Nova; in 1991, he toured the US with Aldo Nova.

Phil X is a prolific session guitarist, having played on albums by Tommy Lee, Methods of Mayhem, Avril Lavigne, Kelly Clarkson, Orianthi, Rob Zombie, Chris Daughtry, Alice Cooper, Thousand Foot Krutch and many others. He wrote the song "Tired" and also played guitar on Tommy Lee's ''Tommyland: The Ride'' album. He has appeared with Lee on Ellen and The Tonight Show with Jay Leno. Phil X was featured in the "making of" video for the movie Josie and the Pussycats. He, along with his Powder bandmates, taught the young actresses to appear as if they were actually playing their instruments.

He has performed with the band Frozen Ghost. Phil X is also the inventor of the "Flip Stick," an innovative replacement for the "whammy bar" on Floyd-Rose-equipped guitars.

Phil X also performs in videos for Fretted Americana (a company that deals and sells vintage guitars and related equipment). In the videos he demonstrates an extensive range of vintage guitars playing some classic rock riffs. In the videos he generally uses two different guitar amplifiers; a 1960s Magnatone 'Tonemaster' and a 1960s Vox AC30, however he has recently started playing 15 and 30 watt clones of the Tonemaster, named the 'Evil Robot' Phil X Custom 214 built by John Kasha and sold exclusively through Fretted Americana. The original Evil Robot Combo 214 now been joined by an Evil Robot Head and Cabinet.

Since 2008, Phil X has been a faculty member of Camp Rock, a camp in Ontario for aspiring musicians.

In April and May 2011, Phil X substituted for Bon Jovi's lead guitarist Richie Sambora, who could not be present for the required dates. He played the last 13 American shows of Bon Jovi's 2011 world tour.

References[link]

External links[link]

Official Web site of Phil X

Camp Rock Faculty member since 2008

Category:Canadian people of Greek descent Category:Canadian rock guitarists Category:Canadian rock musicians Category:Greek rock guitarists Category:Greek rock musicians Category:Living people Category:1966 births