Coordinates	45°30′″N73°40′″N
birth name
birth date	February 27, 1930
birth place	Thomasville, Georgia, U.S.
occupation	Actress
years active	1955–present
spouse	(his death) }}

Joanne Gignilliat Trimmier Woodward (born February 27, 1930) is an American actress, television and theatrical producer, and widow of Paul Newman. She is perhaps best known for her Academy Award winning role in ''The Three Faces of Eve'' (1957).

Early life

Woodward was born in Thomasville, Georgia, daughter of Elinor Gignilliat (née Trimmier) and Wade Woodward, Jr., who at one point was vice president of publisher Charles Scribner's Sons. Her middle name, "Gignilliat", originates from distant Huguenot ancestry. She was influenced to become an actress by her mother's love of movies. Her mother named her after Joan Crawford, using the Southern pronunciation of the name - "Joanne". Attending the premiere of ''Gone with the Wind'' in Atlanta, nine-year-old Woodward rushed out into the parade of stars and sat on the lap of Laurence Olivier, star Vivien Leigh's partner and future husband. She eventually worked with Olivier in 1977, in a television production of ''Come Back, Little Sheba''. During rehearsals, she mentioned this incident to him and he told her he remembered her doing it.

Woodward lived in Thomasville until she was in the second grade. Her family relocated to Marietta, Georgia. They moved once again when she was a junior in high school, after her parents divorced. She graduated from Greenville High School in 1947, in Greenville, South Carolina. Woodward won many beauty contests as a teenager. She appeared in theatrical productions at Greenville High and in Greenville's Little Theatre, playing Laura Wingfield in their staging of ''The Glass Menagerie'' directed by Robert Hemphill McLane. She returned to Greenville in 1976 to play Amanda Wingfield in another Little Theatre production of ''The Glass Menagerie''. She had also returned in 1955 for the premiere of her debut movie, ''Count Three And Pray'', at the Paris Theatre on North Main Street.

Woodward majored in drama at Louisiana State University, where she was an initiate of Chi Omega sorority, then headed to New York City to perform on the stage.

Career

Early career

Woodward's first film was a post-Civil War Western, ''Count Three and Pray'', in 1955. She continued to move between Hollywood and Broadway, eventually understudying in the New York production of ''Picnic'', which featured Paul Newman. The two were married in 1958 after their work together in the film ''The Long, Hot Summer''. By that time, Woodward had starred in ''The Three Faces of Eve'' (1957), for which she won the 1957 Academy Award for Best Actress.

Films with Paul Newman

She appeared with husband Paul Newman in ten featured films:

''The Long, Hot Summer'' (1958)

''Rally 'Round the Flag, Boys!'' (1958)

''From the Terrace'' (1960)

''Paris Blues'' (1961)

''A New Kind of Love'' (1963)

''Winning'' (1969)

''WUSA'' (1970)

''The Drowning Pool'' (1975)

''Harry & Son'' (1984) - (directed by Newman)

''Mr. and Mrs. Bridge'' (1990)

Both appeared in the HBO miniseries ''Empire Falls'' but had no scenes together.

She starred in five films that Newman directed or produced but in which he did not star:

''Rachel, Rachel'' (1968)

''They Might Be Giants'' (1971)

''The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds'' - which featured their daughter, Nell Potts (1972)

''The Shadow Box'' (1980) - (television movie)

''The Glass Menagerie'' (1987)

Later career

Woodward has continued to act, in such films as ''Summer Wishes, Winter Dreams'' and ''Philadelphia'' (1993) in which she played the mother to Tom Hanks' character, and in television. She appeared in the television films ''Sybil'', opposite Sally Field, and ''Crisis at Central High''. She was the narrator for Martin Scorsese's screen version of ''The Age of Innocence''.

Woodward was a co-producer and starred in a 1993 broadcast of the play ''Blind Spot'', for which she was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie. She was executive producer of the 2003 television production of ''Our Town'', featuring Newman as the stage manager (for which he was nominated for an Emmy Award.) She wrote the teleplay and directed a 1982 production of Shirley Jackson's story ''Come Along with Me'', for which husband Newman provided the voice of the character Hughie under the screen name of P. L. Neuman.

Woodward is the artistic director of the Westport Country Playhouse.

She recorded a reading of singer John Mellencamp's song "The Real Life" for his box set ''On the Rural Route 7609''.

Personal life

Woodward was rumored to have been engaged to author Gore Vidal prior to marrying Paul Newman. Apparently, however, there was no real engagement: Vidal later claimed it was a stunt to attract Newman's attention. Woodward shared a house with Vidal in Los Angeles for a short time and remained friends. Woodward married Paul Newman in 1958. The couple chose to share few details of their personal life throughout their 50 years of marriage.

Woodward and Newman had three daughters - Elinor Teresa (1959) known on screen as Nell Potts and generally as Nell Newman; Melissa "Lissy" Stewart (1961); and Claire "Clea" Olivia Newman (1965) - and two grandsons (Lissy's children).

In 1990, Woodward graduated from Sarah Lawrence College with her daughter Clea. Newman delivered the commencement address, during which he said he dreamed that a woman had asked, "How dare you accept this invitation to give the commencement address when you are merely hanging on to the coattails of the accomplishments of your wife?"

In 1988, Newman and Woodward established the Hole in the Wall Gang Camp, named for the outlaws in ''Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid''. The eleven camps permit seriously ill youngsters to enjoy the great outdoors, at no cost to them or their families.

Paul Newman died of cancer on September 26, 2008, age 83. Woodward continues to live in Westport, Connecticut.

Filmography

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" border="2" cellpadding="4" background: #f9f9f9; |- align="center" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Film ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Notes |- |1955 |''Momentum - Alfred Hitchcock Presents'' |Leola Boone | |- |1955 |''Count Three and Pray'' |Lissy | |- |1956 |''A Kiss Before Dying'' |Dorothy ('Dorie') Kingship | |- |rowspan=2|1957 |''The Three Faces of Eve'' |Eve White / Eve Black / Jane |Academy Award for Best ActressGolden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture DramaNational Board of Review Award for Best ActressNominated — BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actress |- |''No Down Payment'' |Leola Boone |Nominated — BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Actress |- |rowspan=2|1958 |''The Long, Hot Summer'' |Clara Varner | |- |''Rally 'Round the Flag, Boys!'' |Grace Oglethorpe Bannerman | |- |rowspan=2|1959 |''The Sound and the Fury'' |Quentin Compson/Narrator | |- |''The Fugitive Kind'' |Carol Cutrere |San Sebastián International Film Festival Zulueta Prize for Best Actress |- |1960 |''From the Terrace'' |Mary St. John/Mrs. Alfred Eaton | |- |1961 |''Paris Blues'' |Lillian Corning | |- |rowspan=2|1963 |''The Stripper'' |Lila Green | |- |''A New Kind of Love'' |Samantha (Sam) Blake/Mimi |Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy |- |1964 |''Signpost to Murder'' |Molly Thomas | |- |rowspan=2|1966 |''A Big Hand for the Little Lady'' |Mary | |- |''A Fine Madness'' |Rhoda Shillitoe | |- |1968 |''Rachel, Rachel'' |Rachel Cameron |Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture DramaKansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressNew York Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressNominated — Academy Award for Best ActressNominated — BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role |- |1969 |''Winning'' |Elora Capua | |- |1970 |''WUSA'' |Geraldine | |- |rowspan=2|1971 |''They Might Be Giants'' |Dr. Mildred Watson | |- |''All the Way Home'' |Mary Follet |TV |- |1972 |''The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds'' |Beatrice |Cannes Film Festival Best Actress AwardKansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama |- |1973 |''Summer Wishes, Winter Dreams'' |Rita Walden |BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading RoleKansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressNew York Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressNominated — Academy Award for Best ActressNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Drama |- |1975 |''The Drowning Pool'' |Iris Devereaux | |- |1976 |''Sybil'' |Dr. Cornelia B. Wilbur |TVNominated — Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie |- |1977 |''Come Back, Little Sheba'' |Lola Delaney |TV |- |rowspan=3|1978 |''See How She Runs'' |Betty Quinn |TVEmmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie |- |''The End'' |Jessica Lawson | |- |''A Christmas to Remember'' |Mildred McCloud |TV |- |1979 |''The Streets of L.A.'' |Carol Schramm |TV |- |1980 |''The Shadow Box'' |Beverly |TV |- |1981 |''Crisis at Central High'' |Elizabeth Huckaby |TVNominated — Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a MovieNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film |- |1982 |''Candida'' |Candida |TV |- |rowspan=2|1984 |''Harry & Son'' |Lilly | |- |''Passions'' |Catherine Kennerly |TV |- |1985 |''Do You Remember Love'' |Barbara Wyatt-Hollis |TVEmmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a MovieNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film |- |1986 |''Women - for America, for the World'' | |Short documentary |- |1987 |''The Glass Menagerie'' |Amanda Wingfield |Nominated — Independent Spirit Award for Best Lead Female |- |1990 |''Mr. and Mrs. Bridge'' |India Bridge |Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressNew York Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActressNominated — Academy Award for Best ActressNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture DramaNominated — Independent Spirit Award for Best Lead Female |- |rowspan=4|1993 |''Foreign Affairs'' |Vinnie Miner |TV |- |''Blind Spot'' |Nell Harrington |TVNominated — Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie |- |''The Age of Innocence'' |Narrator (voice) | |- |''Philadelphia'' |Sarah Beckett | |- |1994 |''Breathing Lessons'' |Maggie Moran |TVGolden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television FilmScreen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television MovieNominated — Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress – Miniseries or a Movie |- |1996 |''Even If a Hundred Ogres...'' |Narrator (voice) | |- |2005 |''Empire Falls'' |Francine Whiting |TVNominated — Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress – Miniseries or a MovieNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television FilmNominated — Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie |}

Awards

In 1958, Woodward won the Academy Award for Best Actress for ''The Three Faces of Eve''. She was nominated for Best Actress in 1969 for ''Rachel, Rachel'', in 1974 for ''Summer Wishes, Winter Dreams'', and in 1991 for ''Mr. and Mrs. Bridge''. She was named Best Actress at the Cannes Film Festival in 1974 for her performance in ''The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds''.

Woodward won two Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or TV Movie, for ''See How She Runs'' (1978) as a divorced teacher who trains for a marathon, and in ''Do You Remember Love?'' (1985) as a professor who begins to suffer from Alzheimer's disease. She has been nominated an additional five times for her roles on television.

A popular (but untrue) bit of Hollywood lore is that Woodward was the first celebrity to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. In fact, the original 1,550 stars were created and installed as a unit in 1960; no one star was officially "first." (The first star actually completed was director Stanley Kramer's. The origin of this legend is not known with certainty; but according to Johnny Grant, the long-time Honorary Mayor of Hollywood, Woodward was the first celebrity to agree to pose with her star for photographers, and therefore was singled out in the collective public imagination as the first awardee.

References

Further reading

External links

Joanne Woodward at Allmovie

Joanne Woodward's thoughts on Earth Day 2006

Category:1930 births Category:Living people Category:Actors Studio alumni Category:American film actors Category:American stage actors Category:American television actors Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Best Actress Academy Award winners Category:Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Best Miniseries or Television Movie Actress Golden Globe winners Category:Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie Screen Actors Guild Award winners Category:Actors from Georgia (U.S. state) Category:Kennedy Center honorees Category:Louisiana State University alumni Category:People from Staten Island Category:People from Westport, Connecticut Category:Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre alumni

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Coordinates	45°30′″N73°40′″N
name	Michael Nesmith
background	solo_singer
birth name	Robert Michael Nesmith
alias	Michael Blessing, Nez, Wool Hat, Papa Nez
born	December 30, 1942Houston, Harris County, Texas, United States
instrument	vocals, acoustic and electric guitars, piano, electric organ, synthesizer, harmonica, pedal steel guitar
genre	Rock, pop, folk, country, pop rock
occupation	Author, songwriter, musician, actor, owner of Pacific Arts Corporation
years active	1965–present
associated acts	The Monkees, First National Band
website	}}

Robert Michael Nesmith (born December 30, 1942) is an American musician, songwriter, actor, producer, novelist, businessman, and philanthropist, best known as a member of the musical group The Monkees and star of the TV series of the same name. Nesmith is notable as a songwriter, including "Different Drum" sung by Linda Ronstadt with the Stone Poneys, and as executive producer of the cult film ''Repo Man''. In 1981, Nesmith won the first Grammy Award given for Video of the Year for his hour-long ''Elephant Parts''.

Biography

Nesmith was born at St. Joseph's Hospital in Houston, Harris County, Texas in 1942. He was an only child; his parents, Warren Audrey Nesmith and Bette Nesmith Graham, divorced when their son was four. He and his mother moved to Dallas, Texas to be closer to her parents, sister, aunts and grandmother. Bette took temporary jobs ranging from clerical work to graphics design, and developed very good secretarial skills, including shorthand, and, auspiciously, touch typing. When Nesmith was 13 his mother invented a typewriter correction fluid later known commercially as Liquid Paper. Over the next 25 years she and a select group of executives would build the Liquid Paper Corporation into a multimillion dollar international company which she finally sold to Gillette in 1980 for 48 million USD. She died a few months later at age 56.

In 1949, Nesmith, at the age of six, was enrolled in the Dallas public school system. An indifferent student, he nevertheless participated in choral and drama activities during his years at Thomas Jefferson High School in Dallas. He began to write verse poetry. When he was 15 he enrolled in the Dallas Theater Center teen program, where he was featured in several plays.

Before graduating from high school, Nesmith enlisted in the United States Air Force in 1960. He completed basic training at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio, Texas, was trained as an aircraft mechanic at Sheppard Air Force Base in Wichita Falls, Texas, and then permanently stationed at a Strategic Air Command base near Elk City, Oklahoma. While in the Air Force, Nesmith obtained a G.E.D. and was discharged under honorable conditions in 1962. He enrolled in San Antonio College, a community college in San Antonio where he met John Kuehne (later to be known as John London) and began a musical collaboration. The duo won the first San Antonio College talent award performing a mixture of standard folk songs and a few of Nesmith's original songs. He met another SAC student, Phyllis Ann Barbour, whom he later married.

While in college Nesmith began to write more songs and poetry and after his marriage to Phyllis in 1963 the two of them decided to strike out for Los Angeles so Nesmith could pursue his songwriting and singing career. At the time Phyllis was pregnant with their first child Christian DuVal. Nesmith began singing in folk clubs around Los Angeles and had one notable job as the "Hootmaster" for the Monday night hootenannys at The Troubadour, a West Hollywood night club that featured new artists. Here Nesmith met, socialized, and performed with many different members of the burgeoning new music scene in Los Angeles. Randy Sparks of New Christy Minstrels fame offered Nesmith a publishing deal for his songs. It was while working at this publishing house that Barry Friedman, also known as the Rev. Frazier Mohawk, brought the ad for Monkees auditions to Nesmith's attention. In 1965, Nesmith landed the role in the Monkees pilot, which was filmed in October 1965.

When the Monkees show ended in 1968, Nesmith enrolled part time in UCLA and studied American History and Music History. Michael and Phyllis's second son, Jonathan, was born in February 1968. Nesmith's third son, Jason, was born in August 1968 to Nurit Wilde, who he met while working on the Monkees. In 1969, Nesmith formed the group First National Band with Kuehne, John Ware and Red Rhodes. Nesmith wrote most of the songs for the band including a single titled "Joanne" that received some airplay and was a mild chart hit for seven weeks during 1970, rising to number 21 on the Billboard Top 40. The First National Band has been credited with being among the pioneers of country-rock music.

Phyllis's third child, and Nesmith's fourth, daughter Jessica, was born in September 1970. Circa 1972, Nesmith started the record label Countryside Records with Jac Holzman, the founder of Elektra Records. Also, in 1972, Nesmith and Phyllis were divorced and he moved to Carmel, California. Phyllis (Barbour) Nesmith died on February 13, 2010 of complications from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis at age 63. In 1974, Nesmith started Pacific Arts Records and released what he called "a book with a soundtrack" entitled "The Prison" as the company's first release. In 1976, he married Kathryn Bild. In 1988, following the ending of this second marriage, he returned to Los Angeles where he had met Victoria Kennedy. They moved to Santa Fe, New Mexico in 1992 and then returned to Carmel, California in 2000. They were married in April 2000 in Monterey, California.

Career

Early work

After a tour of duty in the Air Force, he was given a guitar as a Christmas present from his mother and stepfather. Learning as he went, he played solo and in a series of working bands, performing folk, country, and occasionally rock and roll. His verse poems became the basis for song lyrics, and after moving to Los Angeles with Phyllis and friend John London, he signed a publishing deal for his songs. Nesmith's "Mary, Mary" was recorded by the Paul Butterfield Blues Band, while "Different Drum" was recorded by Linda Ronstadt and the Stone Poneys. "Pretty Little Princess", written in 1965, was recorded by Frankie Laine and released as a single in 1968 on ABC Records. Later, "Some Of Shelly's Blues" and "Propinquity (I've Just Begun To Care)" were made popular by the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band on their 1970 album ''Uncle Charlie & His Dog Teddy''.

Nesmith began his recording career in 1963 by releasing a single on the Highness label. Later, in 1965 with a one-off single released on Edan Records before he followed with two singles recorded—one titled "The New Recruit"--under the name "Michael Blessing", released on Colpix Records—coincidentally also the label of Davy Jones, though they had not met.

The Monkees

From 1965 to early 1970, Nesmith and Jones were members of the pop rock band The Monkees, created for the television situation comedy of the same name. The only Monkee to learn of the audition from the famous press advertisement asking for "four insane boys", Nesmith won his role largely by appearing blasé when he auditioned. He further distinguished himself by carrying a bag of laundry to be done on the way home, and wearing a wool cap to keep his hair out of his eyes, riding his motorcycle to the audition. Producers Bob Rafelson and Bert Schneider remembered "Wool Hat", and called Nesmith back.

Once he was cast, Screen Gems bought his songs so they could be used in the show. Many of the songs Nesmith wrote for The Monkees, such as "The Girl I Knew Somewhere", "Mary, Mary", and "Listen to the Band" became minor hits. One song he wrote, "You Just May Be The One", is in mixed meter, interspersing 5/4 bars into an otherwise 4/4 structure.

The Gretsch guitar company built a one-off natural finish 12-string electric guitar for Nesmith when he was performing with The Monkees (Gretsch had a promotional deal with the group). He earlier played a customized Gretsch twelve-string, which had originally been a six-string model.

As with the other Monkees, Nesmith came to be frustrated by the manufactured image of the whole project. He was permitted to write and produce two songs per album, and his music was frequently featured in episodes of the series.

The Monkees succeeded in ousting supervisor Don Kirshner (with Nesmith punching a hole in a wall, to make a point with Kirshner and attorney Herb Moelis), and took control of their records and song choices, but they worked as a four-man group on only one album. The band never overcame the credibility problems they faced when word spread that they had not played on their first records (at Nesmith's instigation, calling the band's first non-studio press conference, where he called ''More of The Monkees'' "probably the worst record in the history of the world"). However, their singles and albums continued to sell well, until the disastrous release of ''Head''.

Nesmith's last Monkees commitment was a commercial for Kool-Aid and Nerf balls, in April 1970. (Fittingly, the spot ends with Nesmith frowning and saying, "Enerf's enerf!") With the band's fortunes continuing to fall, Nesmith asked to be released from his contract, and had to pay a default: "I had three years left... at $150,000 a year", which he had to pay back. He continued to feel the financial bite for years afterwards, telling ''Playboy'' in 1980 "I had to start telling little tales to the tax man while they were putting tags on the furniture." Indeed, while Nesmith had continued to produce his compositions with the Monkees, he withheld many of the songs from the final Monkees' albums, only to release them on his post-Monkees solo records.

Later career

As he prepared for his exit from The Monkees, Nesmith was approached by John Ware of The Corvettes, a band that featured Nesmith's friend John London (who played on some of the earliest pre-Monkees Nesmith 45s as well as numerous Monkees sessions) and had 45s produced by Nesmith for the Dot label in 1969. Ware wanted Nesmith to put together a band. Nesmith said he would be interested only if noted pedal steel player Orville "Red" Rhodes would be a part of the project, and a long musical partnership was born that would continue until Rhodes' untimely death in 1995. The new band was christened Michael Nesmith and the First National Band and went on to record three albums for RCA Records in 1970.

Nesmith has been considered one of the pioneers of country rock and had moderate commercial success with the First National Band. Their second single, ''Joanne'' hit No. 21 on the Billboard chart & No. 17 on Cashbox, with the follow-up "Silver Moon" making No. 42 Billboard/#28 Cashbox. Two more singles charted ("Nevada Fighter" No. 70 Billboard/#73 Cashbox & "Propinquity" No. 95 Cashbox) and the first two LP's charted in the lower regions of the Billboard album chart. No clear answer has ever been given for the band's breakup.

Nesmith followed up with The Second National Band, a band that besides Nesmith, consisted of Michael Cohen (keyboards and Moog), Johnny Meeks (bass), Jack Panelli (drums) and the always present Orville Rhodes (pedal steel), as well as an appearance by singer, musician, and songwriter José Feliciano (conga drums). The album, Tantamount to Treason Vol. 1, was a commercial and critical disaster. Nesmith then recorded ''And the Hits Just Keep On Comin''', featuring only him on guitar and Red Rhodes on pedal steel.

Nesmith got more heavily involved in producing, and was given a label of his own through Elektra Records, Countryside. It featured a number of artists that were produced by Nesmith, including Garland Frady and Red Rhodes. The staff band at Countryside also helped Nesmith on his next, and last, RCA album, ''Pretty Much Your Standard Ranch Stash''.

In the mid-1970s, Nesmith briefly collaborated as a songwriter with Linda Hargrove, resulting in the tune "I've Never Loved Anyone More", a hit for Lynn Anderson and recorded by many others, as well as the songs "Winonah" and "If You Will Walk With Me" which were both recorded by Hargrove. Of all three songs, only "Winonah" was recorded by Nesmith himself. During this same period, Nesmith started his multimedia company Pacific Arts, which initially put out audio records, 8-tracks and cassettes, followed in 1981 with "video records." Nesmith recorded a number of LPs for his label, and had a moderate worldwide hit in 1977 with his song "Rio", the single taken from the album ''From a Radio Engine to the Photon Wing''.

Pop Clips and MTV, Elephant Parts and Television Parts

During this time, Nesmith created a video clip for "Rio" which, in a roundabout way, helped spur Nesmith's creation of a television program called ''Pop Clips'' for the Nickelodeon cable network. In 1980, Nesmith's ''Pop Clips'' was sold to Time Warner/Amex consortium. Time Warner/Amex developed ''Pop Clips'' into the MTV network. Nesmith also won the first Grammy Award (1981) given for Video of the Year for his hour-long ''Elephant Parts'' and also had a short-lived series on NBC inspired by the video called "Michael Nesmith in Television Parts". Television Parts concept however included many other artists who were unknown at the time but who went on to become major stars in their own right. Jay Leno, Jerry Seinfeld, Garry Shandling, Whoopi Goldberg, Arsenio Hall all became well known artists after their appearances on Nesmith's show. The basic concept of the show was to have comics render their stand-up routines into short comedy films much like the ones in Elephant Parts. Nesmith assembled writers Jack Handey, William Martin, John Levenstein, and Michael Kaplan; Directors William Dear (who had directed Elephant Parts) and Alan Myerson, and Producer Ward Sylvester to create the show. The half hour show show ran for 8 episodes in the summer of 1985 on NBC Thursday nights in prime time.

Pacific Arts and legal dispute

Pacific Arts Video became a pioneer in the home video market, producing and distributing a wide variety of videotaped programs. Pacific Arts Video eventually ceased operations after an acrimonious contract dispute with PBS over home video licensing rights and payments for several series, including Ken Burns' ''The Civil War''. The dispute escalated into a law suit that went to jury trial in Federal Court in Los Angeles. On February 3, 1999, a jury awarded Nesmith and his company Pacific Arts $48.875 million in compensatory and punitive damages, prompting his widely-quoted comment, "It's like finding your grandmother stealing your stereo. You're happy to get your stereo back, but it's sad to find out your grandmother is a thief." PBS appealed the ruling, but the appeal never reached the court, and a settlement was reached with the amount paid to Pacific Arts and Nesmith results kept confidential.

Movies and books

He was the executive producer for the films ''Repo Man'', ''Tapeheads'', and ''Timerider: The Adventure of Lyle Swann'', as well as his own solo recording and film projects. In 1998, Nesmith published his first novel, ''The Long Sandy Hair of Neftoon Zamora''. His latest album, ''Rays'' was released on April 4, 2006.

During the 1990s, Nesmith, as Trustee and President of the Gihon foundation, hosted the Council on Ideas, a gathering of intellectuals from different fields who were asked to identify the most important issues of their day and publish the result. The Gihon ceased the program in 2000 and started a new Program for the Performing Arts.

In 1992, Nesmith undertook a concert tour of North America to promote the CD release of his RCA solo albums (although he included the song "Rio", from the album ''From a Radio Engine to the Photon Wing''. The concert tour ended at the Britt Festival in Oregon. A video, ''Live at the Britt Festival'', and a CD, ''Live at the Britt Festival'' were released capturing the 1992 concert.

Return to the Monkees

In 1995, he reunited with the Monkees to record their last studio album (and first to feature all four since ''Head'') titled ''Justus'', released in 1996. He also wrote and directed a Monkees television special, and briefly toured the UK with the band in 1997.

Nesmith's first novel ''The Long Sandy Hair of Neftoon Zamora'' was developed originally as an online project and was later published as a hard cover book by St Martin's Press. Nesmith's second novel ''The America Gene'' was released in July, 2009 as an online download from Videoranch.com.

Nesmith spent a decade as a board of trustees member, nominating member and vice-chair of the American Film Institute and is currently President and chairman of the board of trustees of the Gihon Foundation.

Nesmith's current project is Videoranch 3D, a virtual environment on the internet that hosts live performances at various virtual venues inside the Ranch. He performed live inside Videoranch 3D on May 25, 2009.

In the early 1980s, Nesmith teamed up with satirist P. J. O'Rourke to ride his vehicle ''Timerider'' in the annual Baja 1000 roadrace. This is chronicled in O'Rourke's 2009 book ''Driving Like Crazy''.

Other appearances

Nesmith had a cameo appearance as a taxi driver in the Whoopi Goldberg film ''Burglar''.

Nesmith had cameo appearances in his own films including ''Timerider: The Adventure of Lyle Swann'' (Race Official) and ''Tapeheads'' (Water Man).

In a promotional video to support Pacific Arts' video release of ''Tapeheads'', Nesmith was introduced with a voice-over making fun of his Monkees persona. The narration teases Nesmith, who approaches the camera to speak, poking fun at his "missing hat".

An opportunistic lookalike from the US cashed in on his similarity to Nesmith by appearing on talk shows and doing interviews in Australia during the 1980s. The scam was successful, the lookalike being far enough from America to avoid detection as a fraud (which is less likely in the US, where the real Nesmith has made many media and show-business acquaintances). An entertaining interviewee, the impersonator's charade was not discovered until after he had vanished from the public eye. The imposter, Barry Faulkner, who had pulled various fraudulent scams for forty years, was finally apprehended and sent to jail in 2009.

Discography

Singles

''Wanderin''' / ''Well Well'' Omnibus 239 Edan 1001 Colpix CP-787 Colpix CP-792 RCA 47-8807 Dot 45-17152 RCA 47-9853 RCA 74-0368 RCA 74-0399 RCA 74-0453 RCA 74-0491 RCA 74-0540 RCA 74-0629 RCA 74-0804 RCA 447-0868 Pacific Arts WIP6373 Pacific Arts PAC-101 Pacific Arts PAC-104 Pacific Arts PAC-106 Pacific Arts PAC-108 Collectibles COL-4759

Date	style="width:100px;"	Label/Catalog #	Titles (A-side / B-side)	Billboard Top Singles	Cashbox	Billboard Adult Contemp	Notes
1963	Highness HN-13	|	–	-	-	Credited as "Mike Nesmith." Vanity pressing.
1963	|	''How Can You Kiss Me'' / ''Just A Little Love''	–	-	-	Credited as "Mike & John & Bill." John London is the bassist, later of Nesmith's First National Band. Bill Sleeper is the drummer. (The trio broke up when Sleeper was drafted into the US Army.)
01/1966	|	''Just A Little Love'' / ''Curson Terrace''	–	-	-	A-side is same as Omnibus 239. B-side is credited to "Mike & Tony" and has no Nesmith involvement.
10/1965	|	''The New Recruit'' / ''A Journey With Michael Blessing''	–	-	-	Credited to "Michael Blessing."
01/1966	|	''Until It's Time For You To Go'' / ''What Seems To Be The Trouble Officer''	–	-	-	Credited to "Michael Blessing."
04/1966	|	''Do Not Ask For Lov''e / ''Buttermilk''	–	-	-	Credited to "The New Society." A-side has no Nesmith involvement. B-side was verified by Bill Chadwick, member of the group, as having Nesmith as a background vocalist.
07/1968	|	''Tapioca Tundra'' / ''Don't Cry Now''	–	-	-	Credited to "The Wichita Train Whistle." Group was created and led by Nesmith, though he does not appear on the recordings as either musician or vocalist. "Don't Cry Now" is edited from LP version.
07/1970	|	''Little Red Rider'' / ''Rose City C''himes	-	-	-	Credited to "Michael Nesmith and the First National Band."
08/1970	|	Joanne (song)>Joanne'' / ''One Ro''se	21	17	6	Credited to "Michael Nesmith and the First National Band."
11/1970	|	''Silver Moon'' / ''Lady of the Valley''	42	28	7	Credited to "Michael Nesmith and the First National Band."
04/1971	|	''Nevada Fighter'' / ''Here I Am''	70	73	-	Credited to "Michael Nesmith and the First National Band." Issued with picture sleeve.
06/1971	|	''Texas Morning'' / ''Tumbling Tumbleweeds''	-	-	-	Credited to "Michael Nesmith and the First National Band." Single released as promo with both songs on B-side and "Texas" only on A-side with release #SPS-45-263.
06/1971	|	''I've Just Begun To Care (Propinquity)'' / ''Only Bound''	-	95	-	Credited to "Michael Nesmith and the First National Band."
01/1972	|	''Mama Rocker'' / ''Lazy Lady''	-	-	-	Credited to "Michael Nesmith and the Second National Band." "Mama Rocker" is faded out early versus LP version.
08/1972	|	''Roll With The Flow'' / ''Keep On''	-	-	-	"Roll With The Flow" is edited from LP version.
1976	|	''Joanne'' / ''Silver Moon''	-	-	-	Reissue credited to "Michael Nesmith and the First National Band." Early pressings on red label, later pressings on black label.
03/1977	|	''Rio'' / ''Life, The Unsuspecting Captive''	-	-	-
06/1978	|	''Roll With The Flow'' / ''I've Just Begun To Care (Propinquity)''	-	-	-	Both songs are edited from the LP versions.
1978?	|	''Rio'' / ''Casablanca Moonlight''	-	-	-	Issued with picture sleeve.
06/1979	|	''Magic'' / ''Dance''	-	-	-
08/1979	|	''Cruisin''' / ''Horserace''	-	-	-
1998	|	''Joanne'' / ''Silver Moon''	-	-	-	Reissue.

Albums

''The Wichita Train Whistle Sings'' RCA LSP-4371 RCA LSP-4415 RCA LSP-4497 '' RCA LSP-4563 RCA LSP-4695 RCA ALPI-0164 Pacific Arts PAC-101 Pacific Arts PAC7-107 / Pacific Arts ILPA-9184 Pacific Arts PAC7-113 Pacific Arts PAC7-116 Pacific Arts PAC7-117 Pacific Arts PAC7-130 Pacific Arts PAC7-1300 Pacific Arts/Island Records (Pacific Arts Corporation (Pacific Arts Corporation (Pacific Arts Corporation

Date	style="width:120px;"	Label/Catalog #	Title	Highest Billboard Position	Notes
07/1968	Dot 3861 (mono) / 25861 (stereo)	|	144	Nesmith does not appear on this album vocally or instrumentally. Album is credited to "The Wichita Train Whistle." Mono release is promo-only.
07/1970	|	''Magnetic South (album)''	143	Album is credited to "Michael Nesmith & The First National Band." Some copies came with a "Joanne" sticker on the shrink wrap.
11/1970	|	''Loose Salute''	159	Album is credited to "Michael Nesmith & The First National Band." Some copies came with a circular sticker on the shrink wrap saying "Contains the hit single 'Silver Moon.'"
05/1971	|	Nevada Fighter''	218	Album is credited to "Michael Nesmith & The First National Band."
02/1972	|	'' Tantamount to Treason Vol. 1''	211	Album is credited to "Michael Nesmith & The Second National Band."
08/1972	|	''And the Hits Just Keep on Comin'''	208
10/1973	|	''Pretty Much Your Standard Ranch Stash''	–
03/1975	|	''The Prison - A Book with a Soundtrack''	–	Issued with 48-page book to be read while the LP is playing, allowing for a "soundtrack" to the story. Original copies issued in a box cover, while later copies came in a cardboard slip jacket. Some of these later copies had two stickers on the shrink, one saying "Michael Nesmith" and the other "Contains Record and 48-page Full Color Illustrated Book." Record was also sold in book stores.
03/1977	|	''From a Radio Engine to the Photon Wing''	209	Early pressings utilized the overseas catalog # ILPA-9184 used by Island Records.
??/1978	|	''The Wichita Train Whistle Sings''	–	Reissue of 1968 Dot release with new album jacket design.
??/1978	|	''And the Hits Just Keep on Comin'''	–	Reissue of 1972 RCA release with standard jacket (RCA release had gatefold jacket).
??/1978	|	'' Pretty Much Your Standard Ranch Stash''	–	Reissue of 1973 RCA release with standard jacket (RCA release had gatefold jacket).
05/1979	|	''Infinite Rider on the Big Dogma''	151
06/1979	|	''The Michael Nesmith Radio Special''	–	Promotional LP featuring all the tracks from "Infinite Rider on the Big Dogma" as well as interview snippets
1992	Island ||	''Tropical Campfires''	–
1994	Rio Records) ||	The Garden (Michael Nesmith album)>The Garden''	–	Companion piece to The Prison - A Book with a Soundtrack
2000	Rio Records) ||	''Timerider: The Adventure Of Lyle Swann (Soundtrack)	–	Soundtrack from the 1982 movie
2005	Rio Records) ||	Rays (Michael Nesmith album)>Rays''	–		music only, no vocals

Live albums

''Live At The Palais'' Cooking Vinyl Road Goes on Forever Records (RGF/ZZBOX1974)

Date	style="width:120px;"	Label/Catalog #	Title	Highest Billboard Position	Notes
08/1978	Pacific Arts PAC7-118	|	–	Some copies came with a 3" circular sticker on the cover itself proclaiming "Contains the hit single 'Roll With The Flow.'"
1999	|	''Live at the Britt Festival''	–	Recorded live at the Britt Festival in Jacksonville, OR, in 1991.
2010	|	''The Amazing ZigZag Concert''	–		Disc 5 of 5CD Box set recorded in April 1974

Complication albums

(Rhino Entertainment (Rhino Entertainment (Camden) (Camden) (Camden) (Camden) (Camden)

Date	style="width:120px;"	Label/Catalog #	Title	Notes
02/1977	Pacific Arts PAC7-106	''Compilation'' –
1989	Rhino) ||	''The Newer Stuff'' –	Contains five new tracks and five tracks from "Photon Wing" and "Infinite Rider." CD release featured additional tracks from the LP release.
1991	Rhino) ||	''The Older Stuff'' –	Greatest hits of RCA recordings.
2008	|	''Magnetic South & Loose Salute'' –	paired album release
2008	|	Nevada Fighter & Tantamount to Treason Vol. 1>Tantamount to Treason'' –	paired album release
2008	|	''And the Hits Just Keep on Comin' & Pretty Much Your Standard Ranch Stash –	paired album release
2008	|	''From a Radio Engine to the Photon Wing & Infinite Rider on the Big Dogma'' –	paired album release
2008	|	The Wichita Train Whistle Sings & Timerider: The Adventure of Lyle Swann (soundtrack)>Timerider'' –	paired album release

Video

''Rio and Cruisin''' (1981)

''Elephant Parts'' (1981) (released on DVD 2003)

''The Television Parts Home Companion'' (1985)

''Dr. Duck's Super-Secret All-Purpose Sauce'' (1986)

''Nezmusic'' (1989)

''Live At The Britt Festival'' (1991) (released on DVD 1999)

''Pacific Arts'' (2008) (music and DVD released 2008)

Bibliography

Books

:(n.b. books proper – not including ''The Prison'' and ''The Garden'')

''The Long Sandy Hair of Neftoon Zamora'' (1998)

''The America Gene'' (2009)

Audio books

''The Long Sandy Hair of Neftoon Zamora'' (2004) (with Michael reading the story)

References

External links

Videoranch 3D, a Michael Nesmith company

Article in ''Wired'' magazine about Michael Nesmith and the Council on Ideas

Michael Nesmith biography

(Unofficial) Michael Nesmith Home Page

SWINDLE Magazine Interview

Michael Nesmith: Overcoming The Monkees at NPR.com

Category:1942 births Category:American rock guitarists Category:American male singers Category:Songwriters from Texas Category:American philanthropists Category:Living people Category:People from Houston, Texas Category:Musicians from Dallas, Texas Category:United States Air Force airmen Category:The Monkees members Category:Grammy Award winners Category:American Christian Scientists Category:Musicians from Houston, Texas

da:Mike Nesmith de:Michael Nesmith fr:Michael Nesmith ja:マイク・ネスミス no:Michael Nesmith pt:Michael Nesmith simple:Michael Nesmith sv:Michael Nesmith

Coordinates	45°30′″N73°40′″N
Name	Joanne
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Joanne Ruth Charlotte Accom
Alias	Joanne BZ
Birth date	November 13, 1978
Genre	Pop/R&B;
Occupation	Singer, songwriter,
Years active	1998–2002
Label	Universal Music Australia / Blue Planet }}

Joanne Accom (born Joanne Ruth Charlotte Accom on 13 November 1978) is a dance, pop singer-songwriter from Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Joanne was born in London, but is South African by descent. She moved to Australia at age 10.

Career

Joanne's first single Jackie, was released in late 1998. It reached No. 3 on the ARIA Charts, and became the highest selling single in Australia in 1999, earning her an ARIA award.

For ''Jackie'', Joanne was credited as "B.Z. featuring Joanne" or "Joanne/BZ", referring to the original performers of the song, Blue Zone.

She released the singles Pack Your Bags and Are You Ready in 1999.

Her next release was featuring on the track Breakin' There's No Stoppin' Us by Ilanda for The Wog Boy Movie in 2000.

Her solo album, Do Not Disturb, was released in 2001 after being a work in progress for 2 and a half years. It features a remix of ''Jackie'', her 2 singles released in 1999 and 3 new singles, So Damn Fine, I Don't Know, and Busted. It was produced and recorded in Dance World Studios, South Melbourne.

Joanne has since stopped recording, and performs weekly on a Sunday afternoon at the George Hotel in Melbourne with group Ilanda.

Performances

She performed a number of her hits at Melbourne's Rumba along with other artists on Saturday 17 November 2001 at the Docklands Stadium.

She performed her hit So Damn Fine in front of a live audience all over Australia at one of the Big Brother Australia 2002 live eviction shows during the closing credits.

Discography

Studio Albums

!Year	!Album	Australian Recording Industry Association>ARIA chart peak position
2001

Singles

Year	Single	Peak chart positions
		!width="40"	!width="40"
1998
2000

B-Sides

1998 All Of Me by ''XL Connection'' (''Jackie'' B-Side)

References

External links

Joanne Accom profile at discogs.com

Category:1978 births Category:Living people Category:Australian dance musicians Category:Australian pop singers Category:Australian female singers Category:ARIA Award winners Category:Australian people of South African descent

Shaw Taylor MBE (born 26 October 1924 in Hackney, London) is a British actor and television presenter.

He served in the RAF and trained at RADA. He then acted on stage in the West End and on tour. He was an announcer for ATV when the normal announcer was not available. He then had a variety of acting roles in film and television from the 1950s onwards, and presented various game shows including ''Password,'' ''Tell the Truth'', ''Dotto'', ''This Is Your Chance'' and ''The Law Game'' (BBC Radio 2).

He is today best known for presenting ''Police 5'', a long-running 5-minute television programme first broadcast in 1962 that appealed to the public to help solve crimes. He later presented a spin-off show for younger viewers called ''Junior Police 5'', aka ''JP5''. His catchphrase was "Keep 'em peeled!" - asking viewers to be vigilant. This was originally used at the end of every ''JP5'' programme, but according to Shaw Taylor himself, "...at the suggestion of a friend I tried it out on the adult Police 5. I thought it sounded a bit naff at first but then the studio crew seemed to get withdrawal symptoms if I didn't say it at the end of the programme and it became a catchphrase that complete strangers still shout at me in the street".

Taylor was a boyhood friend of the writer Anthony Burgess, who published his novella A Clockwork Orange in 1962, the same year Police 5 was first broadcast. The novella's central character - Alexander the Large - was said to be loosely based on Taylor, who was interested in violent crime from a very early age and also had a rare gift for the English language, as demonstrated by his "Keep 'em peeled" catchphrase.

In 2008, at the age of 83, he featured as himself hosting ''Police 5'' in the seventh episode of the BBC TV drama ''Ashes to Ashes'', set in October 1981, in which he uses the aforedescribed "Keep 'em peeled!"

He plays bridge and presented a television series on the subject.

External links

Category:1924 births Category:Living people Category:English actors Category:English television presenters Category:People from Hackney

Coordinates	45°30′″N73°40′″N
name	Paul Newman
birth name	Paul Leonard Newman
birth date	January 26, 1925
birth place	Shaker Heights, Ohio, U.S.
death date	September 26, 2008
death place	Westport, Connecticut, U.S.
death cause	Lung cancer
nationality	American
occupation	Actor, director, entrepreneur
education	Shaker Heights High School
alma mater	Ohio University
party	Democrat
years active	1952–2008
spouse	(divorced) (his death)
children	Scott (1950-78) (deceased)Susan (1953)StephanieNell (1959)Melissa (1961)Claire (1965)
parents	Theresa (nee Fetzer or Fetsko),Arthur Samuel Newman }}

Paul Leonard Newman (January 26, 1925 – September 26, 2008) was an American actor, film director, entrepreneur, humanitarian, professional racing driver and auto racing enthusiast. He won numerous awards, including an Academy Award for best actor for his performance in the 1986 Martin Scorsese film ''The Color of Money'' and eight other nominations, three Golden Globe Awards, a BAFTA Award, a Screen Actors Guild Award, a Cannes Film Festival Award, an Emmy award, and many honorary awards. He also won several national championships as a driver in Sports Car Club of America road racing, and his race teams won several championships in open wheel IndyCar racing.

Newman was a co-founder of Newman's Own, a food company from which Newman donated all post-tax profits and royalties to charity. As of July 2011, these donations exceeded $300 million.

Early life

Newman was born in Shaker Heights, Ohio (a suburb of Cleveland). He was the son of Theresa (née Fetzer or Fetsko; ) and Arthur Sigmund Newman, who ran a profitable sporting goods store. His father was Jewish (Paul's paternal grandparents, Simon Newman and Hannah Cohn, were immigrants from Hungary and Poland). His mother, who practiced Christian Science, was born to a Slovak Roman Catholic family at Homonna, Ptičie (formerly Pticsie) in the former Kingdom of Hungary, Austria–Hungary (now in Slovakia). Newman had no religion as an adult, but described himself as a Jew, stating that "it's more of a challenge". Newman's mother worked in his father's store, while raising Paul and his brother, Arthur, who later became a producer and production manager.

Newman showed an early interest in the theater, which his mother encouraged. At the age of seven, he made his acting debut, playing the court jester in a school production of ''Robin Hood''. Graduating from Shaker Heights High School in 1943, he briefly attended Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, where he was initiated into the Phi Kappa Tau fraternity.

Military service

Newman served in the United States Navy in World War II in the Pacific theater. Newman enrolled in the Navy V-12 program at Ohio University, hoping to be accepted for pilot training, but was dropped when it was discovered he was color blind. He was sent instead to boot camp and then received further training as a radioman and gunner. Qualifying as a rear-seat radioman and gunner in torpedo bombers, in 1944, Aviation Radioman Third Class Newman was sent to Barber's Point, Hawaii. He was subsequently assigned to Pacific-based replacement torpedo squadrons (VT-98, VT-99, and VT-100). These torpedo squadrons were responsible primarily for training replacement pilots and combat air crewmen, placing particular importance on carrier landings.

He later flew from aircraft carriers as a turret gunner in an Avenger torpedo bomber. As a radioman-gunner, he served aboard the ''USS Bunker Hill'' during the Battle of Okinawa in the spring of 1945. He was ordered to the ship with a draft of replacements shortly before the Okinawa campaign, but his life was spared because he was held back after his pilot developed an ear infection. The men who remained in his detail were killed in action.

After the war, he completed his degree in English and Speech (which encompassed the drama department) at Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio, graduating in 1949. Newman later studied Drama at Yale University, graduating in 1954, and later studying under Lee Strasberg at the Actors Studio in New York City.

Oscar Levant wrote that Newman initially was hesitant to leave New York for Hollywood: "Too close to the cake," he reported him saying, "Also, no place to study."

Career

Early work and mainstream success

Newman arrived in New York City in 1951 with his first wife Jackie Witte, taking up residence in the St. George section of Staten Island. He made his Broadway theater debut in the original production of William Inge's ''Picnic'' with Kim Stanley in 1953 and appeared in the original Broadway production of ''The Desperate Hours'' in 1955. In 1959, he was in the original Broadway production of ''Sweet Bird of Youth'' with Geraldine Page and three years later starred with Page in the film version.

During this time Newman started acting in television. He had his first credited TV or film appearance with a small but notable part in a 1952 episode of the science fiction TV series ''Tales of Tomorrow'' entitled "Ice from Space". In the mid-1950s, he appeared twice on CBS's ''Appointment with Adventure'' anthology series.

In February 1954, Newman appeared in a screen test with James Dean, directed by Gjon Mili, for ''East of Eden'' (1955). Newman was testing for the role of Aron Trask, Dean for the role of Aron's fraternal twin brother Cal. Dean won his part, but Newman lost out to Richard Davalos. In the same year, Newman co-starred with Eva Marie Saint and Frank Sinatra in a live —and color —television broadcast of ''Our Town'', a musical adaptation of Thornton Wilder's stage play. Newman was a last-minute replacement for James Dean. In 2003, Newman acted in a remake of ''Our Town'', this time in the role of the stage manager.

His first movie for Hollywood was ''The Silver Chalice'' (1954). The film was a box office failure and the actor would later acknowledge his disdain for it. In 1956, Newman garnered much attention and acclaim with ''Somebody Up There Likes Me'' as boxer Rocky Graziano. By 1958, he was one of the hottest new stars in Hollywood. Later that year, he starred in ''Cat on a Hot Tin Roof'' (1958), opposite Elizabeth Taylor. The film was a box office smash and Newman garnered his first Academy Award nomination. Also in 1958, Newman starred in ''The Long, Hot Summer'' with Joanne Woodward, whom he met on the set. He won best actor at the 1958 Cannes Film Festival for this film.

Major films

Newman was one of the few actors who successfully made the transition from 1950s cinema to that of the 1960s and 1970s. His rebellious persona translated well to a subsequent generation. Newman starred in ''Exodus'' (1960), ''The Hustler'' (1961), ''Hud'' (1963), ''Harper'' (1966), ''Hombre'' (1967), ''Cool Hand Luke'' (1967), ''The Towering Inferno'' (1974), ''Slap Shot'' (1977), and ''The Verdict'' (1982). He teamed with fellow actor Robert Redford and director George Roy Hill for ''Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid'' (1969) and ''The Sting'' (1973).

He appeared with his wife, Joanne Woodward, in the feature films ''The Long, Hot Summer'' (1958), ''Rally 'Round the Flag, Boys!'', (1958), ''From the Terrace'' (1960), ''Paris Blues'' (1961), ''A New Kind of Love'' (1963), ''Winning'' (1969), ''WUSA'' (1970), ''The Drowning Pool'' (1975), ''Harry & Son'' (1984), and ''Mr. and Mrs. Bridge'' (1990). They both also starred in the HBO miniseries ''Empire Falls'', but did not have any scenes together.

In addition to starring in and directing ''Harry & Son'', Newman also directed four feature films (in which he did not act) starring Woodward. They were ''Rachel, Rachel'' (1968), based on Margaret Laurence's ''A Jest of God'', the screen version of the Pulitzer Prize-winning play ''The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds'' (1972), the television screen version of the Pulitzer Prize-winning play ''The Shadow Box'' (1980), and a screen version of Tennessee Williams' ''The Glass Menagerie'' (1987).

Twenty-five years after ''The Hustler'', Newman reprised his role of "Fast" Eddie Felson in the Martin Scorsese-directed ''The Color of Money'' (1986), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor. He told a television interviewer that winning an Oscar at the age of 62 deprived him of his fantasy of formally being presented with it in extreme old age.

Last works

In 2003, he appeared in a Broadway revival of Wilder's ''Our Town'', receiving his first Tony Award nomination for his performance. PBS and the cable network Showtime aired a taping of the production, and Newman was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or TV Movie.

His last screen appearance was as a conflicted mob boss in the 2002 film ''Road to Perdition'' opposite Tom Hanks, although he continued to provide voice work for films.

In 2005 at age 80, Newman was profiled alongside Robert Redford as part of the Sundance Channel's TV series ''Iconoclasts''.

In keeping with his strong interest in car racing, he provided the voice of Doc Hudson, a retired race car in Disney/Pixar's ''Cars''. Similarly, he served as narrator for the 2007 film ''Dale'', about the life of the legendary NASCAR driver Dale Earnhardt, which turned out to be Newman's final film performance in any form. Newman also provided the narration for the film documentary ''The Meerkats'', which was released in 2008.

Retirement from acting

Newman announced that he would entirely retire from acting on May 25, 2007. He stated that he did not feel he could continue acting at the level he wanted to. "You start to lose your memory, you start to lose your confidence, you start to lose your invention. So I think that's pretty much a closed book for me."

Philanthropy

With writer A.E. Hotchner, Newman founded Newman's Own, a line of food products, in 1982. The brand started with salad dressing, and has expanded to include pasta sauce, lemonade, popcorn, salsa, and wine, among other things. Newman established a policy that all proceeds, after taxes, would be donated to charity. As of 2010, the franchise has donated in excess of $300 million. He co-wrote a memoir about the subject with Hotchner, ''Shameless Exploitation in Pursuit of the Common Good''. Among other awards, Newman's Own co-sponsors the PEN/Newman's Own First Amendment Award, a $25,000 reward designed to recognize those who protect the First Amendment as it applies to the written word.

One beneficiary of his philanthropy is the Hole in the Wall Gang Camp, a residential summer camp for seriously ill children, which is located in Ashford, Connecticut. Newman co-founded the camp in 1988; it was named after the gang in his film ''Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid'' (1969). Newman's college fraternity, Phi Kappa Tau, adopted Hole in the Wall as their "national philanthropy" in 1995. One camp has expanded to become several Hole in the Wall Camps in the U.S., Ireland, France, and Israel. The camps serve 13,000 children every year, free of charge.

In June 1999, Newman donated $250,000 to Catholic Relief Services to aid refugees in Kosovo.

On June 1, 2007, Kenyon College announced that Newman had donated $10 million to the school to establish a scholarship fund as part of the college's current $230 million fund-raising campaign. Newman and Woodward were honorary co-chairs of a previous campaign.

Newman was one of the founders of the Committee Encouraging Corporate Philanthropy (CECP), a membership organization of CEOs and corporate chairpersons committed to raising the level and quality of global corporate philanthropy. Founded in 1999 by Newman and a few leading CEOs, CECP has grown to include more than 175 members and, through annual executive convenings, extensive benchmarking research, and best practice publications, leads the business community in developing sustainable and strategic community partnerships through philanthropy.

Newman was named the Most Generous Celebrity of 2008 by Givingback.org. He contributed $20,857,000 for the year of 2008 to the Newman's Own Foundation, which distributes funds to a variety of charities.

Upon Newman's death, the Italian newspaper (a "semi-official" paper of the Holy See) ''L'Osservatore Romano'' published a notice lauding Newman's philanthropy. It also commented that "Newman was a generous heart, an actor of a dignity and style rare in Hollywood quarters."

Marriages and family

Newman was married to Jackie Witte from 1949 to 1958. They had a son, Scott (1950–1978), and two daughters, Susan Kendall (1953) and Stephanie . Scott, who died in November 1978 from a drug overdose, appeared in the films ''Breakheart Pass'', ''The Towering Inferno'', and the 1977 film ''Fraternity Row''. Paul Newman started the Scott Newman Center for drug abuse prevention in memory of his son. Susan is a documentary filmmaker and philanthropist and has Broadway and screen credits, including a starring role as one of four Beatles fans in ''I Wanna Hold Your Hand'' (1978), and also a small role opposite her father in ''Slap Shot''. She also received an Emmy nomination as co-producer of his telefilm, ''The Shadow Box''.

Newman met actress Joanne Woodward in 1953, shortly after filming ''The Long, Hot Summer'' in 1957. He divorced Witte and married Woodward early in 1958. They remained married for fifty years until his death in 2008. They had three daughters: Elinor "Nell" Teresa (b. 1959), Melissa "Lissy" Stewart (b. 1961), and Claire "Clea" Olivia (b. 1965). Newman directed Nell (using the stage name Nell Potts) alongside her mother in the films ''Rachel Rachel'' and ''The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds''.

The Newmans lived away from the Hollywood environment, making their home in Westport, Connecticut. Newman was well known for his devotion to his wife and family. When asked once about infidelity, he famously quipped, "Why go out for a hamburger when you have steak at home?"

Political activism

For his support of Eugene McCarthy in 1968 (and effective use of television commercials in California) and his opposition to the War in Vietnam, Newman was placed nineteenth on Richard Nixon's enemies list, which he claimed was his greatest accomplishment.

Consistent with his work for liberal causes, Newman publicly supported Ned Lamont's candidacy in the 2006 Connecticut Democratic Primary against Senator Joe Lieberman, and was even rumored as a candidate himself, until Lamont emerged as a credible alternative. He donated to Chris Dodd's presidential campaign.

He attended the first Earth Day event in Manhattan on April 22, 1970. Newman was also a vocal supporter of gay rights, including same-sex marriage.

Newman was concerned over global warming and supported nuclear energy development as a solution.

Auto racing

Newman was an avid auto racing enthusiast, and first became interested in motorsports ("the first thing that I ever found I had any grace in") while training at the Watkins Glen Racing School for the filming of ''Winning'', a 1969 film. Because of his love and passion for racing, Newman agreed in 1971 to star in and to host his first television special, ''Once Upon a Wheel,'' on the history of auto racing. It was produced and directed by David Winters, who co-owned a number of racing cars with Newman. Newman's first professional event as a racer was in 1972, in Thompson, Connecticut, and he was a frequent competitor in Sports Car Club of America (SCCA) events for the rest of the decade, eventually winning four national championships. He later drove in the 1979 24 Hours of Le Mans in Dick Barbour's Porsche 935 and finished in second place. Newman reunited with Barbour in 2000 to compete in the Petit Le Mans.

{{infobox le mans driver | name	| Image | Nationality | Years 1979| Team(s) Dick Barbour Racing | Best Finish 2nd (1979) | Class Wins 1 (1979) | }}

From the mid-1970s to the early 1990s, he drove for the Bob Sharp Racing team, racing mainly Datsuns (later rebranded as Nissans) in the Trans-Am Series. He became closely associated with the brand during the 1980s, even appearing in commercials for them. At the age of 70 years and 8 days, he became the oldest driver to be part of a winning team in a major sanctioned race, winning in his class at the 1995 24 Hours of Daytona. Among his last races were the Baja 1000 in 2004 and the 24 Hours of Daytona once again in 2005.

Newman initially owned his own racing team, which competed in the Can-Am series, but later co-founded Newman/Haas Racing with Carl Haas, a Champ Car team, in 1983. The 1996 racing season was chronicled in the IMAX film ''Super Speedway'', which Newman narrated. He was also a partner in the Atlantic Championship team Newman Wachs Racing. Newman owned a NASCAR Winston Cup car, before selling it to Penske Racing, where it now serves as the #12 car.

Newman was posthumously inducted into the SCCA Hall of Fame at the national convention in Las Vegas, Nevada on February 21, 2009.

Illness and death

Newman was scheduled to make his professional stage directing debut with the Westport Country Playhouse's 2008 production of John Steinbeck's ''Of Mice and Men'', but he stepped down on May 23, 2008, citing health issues.

In June 2008, it was widely reported that Newman, a former chain smoker, had been diagnosed with lung cancer and was receiving treatment at Sloan-Kettering hospital in New York City. Photographs taken of Newman in May and June showed him looking gaunt. Writer A.E. Hotchner, who partnered with Newman to start the Newman's Own company in the 1980s, told the Associated Press that Newman told him about the disease about eighteen months prior to the interview. Newman's spokesman told the press that the star was "doing nicely," but neither confirmed nor denied that he had cancer. In August, after reportedly finishing chemotherapy, Newman told his family he wished to die at home.

Newman died on September 26, 2008, aged 83, surrounded by his family and close friends. His remains were cremated after a private funeral service near his home in Westport.

Filmography, awards, and nominations

As actor

Year	Film	Role	Notes
1954		Basil
1955		George Gibbs
		Rocky Graziano
	Capt. Edward W. Hall Jr.
	''The Helen Morgan Story''	Larry Maddux
''Until They Sail''	Capt. Jack Harding
	''The Long, Hot Summer''	Ben Quick	Best Actor Award (Cannes Film Festival)
''The Left Handed Gun''	Billy the Kid
	Brick Pollitt	Nominated — Academy Award for Best ActorNominated — BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
	Harry Bannerman
1959	''The Young Philadelphians''	Anthony Judson Lawrence
	''From the Terrace''	David Alfred Eaton
	Ari Ben Canaan
		Eddie Felson
''Paris Blues''	Ram Bowen
	''Sweet Bird of Youth''	Chance Wayne	Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama
''Hemingway's Adventures of a Young Man''	Ad Francis, 'The Battler'	Nominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture
		Hud Bannon	Nominated — Academy Award for Best ActorNominated — BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading RoleNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama
''A New Kind of Love''	Steve Sherman
	Andrew Craig
	''What a Way to Go!''	Larry Flint
''The Outrage''	Juan Carrasco
1965	''Lady L''	Armand Denis
		Lew Harper
''Torn Curtain''	Prof. Michael Armstrong	directed by Alfred Hitchcock
		John Russell
''Cool Hand Luke''	Luke Jackson	Nominated — Academy Award for Best ActorNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama
1968	''The Secret War of Harry Frigg''	Pvt. Harry Frigg
	''Winning''	Frank Capua
''Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid''	Butch Cassidy	Nominated — BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role
1970		Rheinhardt
		Hank Stamper
''Once Upon a Wheel (1971 TV program)''	Himself	Winner: World Television Festival Award,	Winner: Best International Sports Documentary
	''Pocket Money''	Jim Kane
''The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean''
	''The Mackintosh Man''	Joseph Rearden
''The Sting''	Henry Gondorff
1974	''The Towering Inferno''	Doug Roberts
1975		Lew Harper
	''Silent Movie''	Himself
''Buffalo Bill and the Indians''
1977		Reggie "Reg" Dunlop
1979		Essex
1980	''When Time Ran Out...''	Hank Anderson
	''Fort Apache, The Bronx''	Murphy
''Absence of Malice''	Michael Colin Gallagher	Nominated — Academy Award for Best Actor
	''Come Along with Me''		TV
''The Verdict''	Frank Galvin
1984	''Harry & Son''	Harry Keach
1986	''The Color of Money''	Fast Eddie Felson	Academy Award for Best ActorNational Board of Review Award for Best ActorNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Drama
	''Fat Man and Little Boy''
1990	''Mr. and Mrs. Bridge''	Walter Bridge
1993	''La Classe américaine''	Dave	in redubbed archive footage only
	''The Hudsucker Proxy''	Sidney J. Mussburger
	Donald J. "Sully" Sullivan
1998		Harry Ross
1999		Dodge Blake
2000	''Where the Money Is''	Henry Manning
2001	''The Blunder Years'' (''The Simpsons'' episode)	Himself	voice
2002	''Road to Perdition''	John Rooney	Phoenix Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting ActorNominated — Academy Award for Best Supporting ActorNominated — BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting RoleNominated — Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting ActorNominated — Chicago Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting ActorNominated — Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor - Motion PictureNominated — Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting ActorNominated — Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actor - Motion Picture
2003		Stage Manager	Nominated — Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor - Miniseries or a MovieNominated — Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Miniseries or Television Movie
		Max Roby	Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor - Miniseries or a MovieGolden Globe Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for Television
''Magnificent Desolation: Walking on the Moon 3D''	Dave Scott	voice
2006		Doc Hudson/Hudson Hornet	voice
2007		Narrator	voice
2008	''The Meerkats''	Narrator	voice

As director or producer

Year	Film	Notes
1968	''Rachel, Rachel''	Golden Globe Award for Best Director - Motion PictureNominated – Academy Award for Best PictureNew York Film Critics Circle Award (best director)
	''Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid''	Co-executive producer (uncredited)
''Winning''	Co-executive producer (uncredited)
1970		Co-producer
		Director and co-executive producer
	producer
		Director and producer
''The Life and Times of Judge Roy Bean''	Co-executive producer (uncredited)
1980	''The Shadow Box''
1984	''Harry & Son''	Director and producer
1987
2005		Producer, Nominated: Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Miniseries

Additional awards and honors

In addition to the awards Newman won for specific roles, he received an honorary Academy Award in 1986 for his "many and memorable and compelling screen performances" and the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award for his charity work in 1994.

He received the Golden Globe ''New Star of the Year — Actor'' award for ''The Silver Chalice (1957), the Henrietta Award World Film Favorite — Male in 1964 and 1966 and the Cecil B. DeMille Award for Lifetime Achievement in 1984.

Newman won Best Actor at the Cannes Film Festival for ''The Long, Hot Summer'' and the Silver Bear at the Berlin Film Festival for ''Nobody's Fool''.

In 1968, Newman was named "Man of the Year" by Harvard University's performance group, the Hasty Pudding Theatricals.

Newman Day has been celebrated at Kenyon College, Bates College, Princeton University, and other American colleges since the 1970s. In 2004, Newman requested that Princeton University disassociate the event from his name, due to the fact that he did not endorse the behaviors, citing his creation of the Scott Newman Centre in 1980, which is "dedicated to the prevention of substance abuse through education".

Posthumously, Newman was inducted into the Connecticut Hall of Fame, and was honored with a nature preserve in Westport named in his honor. He was also honored by the United States House of Representatives following his death.

Published work

Newman, Paul; Hotchner, A.E. ''Newman's Own Cookbook''. Simon & Schuster, 1998. ISBN 0684848325.

Newman, Paul; Hotchner, A.E. ''Shameless Exploitation in Pursuit of the Common Good''. Doubleday Publishing, 2003. ISBN 0385508026.

See also

List of select Jewish racing drivers

Notes

References

Demers, Jenifer. ''Paul Newman: the Dream has Ended!''. Createspace, 2008. ISBN 1440433232

Lax, Eric. ''Paul Newman: a Biography''. Turner Publishing, Incorporated, 1999. ISBN 1-57036-286-6.

Morella, Joe; Epstein, Edward Z. ''Paul and Joanne: A Biography of Paul Newman and Joanne Woodward''. Delacorte Press, 1988. ISBN 0440500044.

O'Brien, Daniel. ''Paul Newman''. Faber & Faber, Limited, 2005. ISBN 057121987X.

Oumano, Elena. ''Paul Newman''. St. Martin's Press, 1990. ISBN 0-517-05934-7.

Quirk, Lawrence J. ''The Films of Paul Newman''. Taylor Pub., 1986. ISBN 0-8065-0385-8.

Thomson, Kenneth. ''The Films of Paul Newman''. 1978. ISBN 0-912616-87-3.

Further reading

External links

Newman's Own

Newman's Own Foundation

Paul Newman bio at h2g2

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