Look up root in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

A root is the part of a plant that is below ground.

Root or roots may also refer to:

Computing[link]

• Root directory, the first or top-most directory in a hierarchy
• Root node, the node in a tree data structure from which every other node is accessible
• Root process, the top-most process in a process hierarchy
• Root user or superuser, a user on Unix-like systems, usually with full administrative privileges
  • Rooting (Android OS), a process of giving root user access to a device running the Android operating system
• /root, the Unix superuser's home directory in the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
• Rootkit, malicious software designed to hide or obscure the fact that a system has been compromised
• ROOT, an object-oriented multipurpose data analysis package
• Root domain, or DNS root zone, the top level of the hierarchy for a DNS system
  • Root nameserver, a server that answers requests for such a level
• ROOTS (software), a series of genealogy programs

Geography[link]

Switzerland[link]

• Root, Switzerland, a municipality in the district of Lucerne

United States[link]

• Roots, Michigan, an unincorporated community in Henrietta Township, Jackson County
• Root, New York, a town in Montgomery County
• Root River (Minnesota)
• Root River (Wisconsin)

Linguistics[link]

• Root (linguistics), the core form of a word
• Triliteral or triconsonantal root, in Semitic languages a root containing a sequence of three consonants

Mathematics[link]

• The nth root of a number; specific examples include:
  • Square root
  • Cube root
• In equation solving, a solution to a mathematical equation
• A root of a function, i.e. an x-value for which the function produces a result of zero
• A root of unity, a complex number which is an nth root of one
• Rooted tree, in graph theory, a tree with a one vertex designated as the root
• A root system of vectors, whose elements are called roots

Music[link]

• Root (chord), the fundamental note of a chord
• Roots music (disambiguation), various styles

Performers[link]

• ROOT!, an Australian alt-country band
• Root (band), a Czech metal band
• The Roots, a hip-hop band from Philadelphia
• Roots Manuva, a British rapper

Albums[link]

• Roots (The Everly Brothers album), released in 1968
• ROOTS: John Lennon Sings The Great Rock & Roll Hits, released in 1975
• Roots (Sepultura album), released in 1996
• Root (album), a 1999 album by Thurston Moore
• Roots (Blue Mountain album), released in 2001
• Roots (Shawn McDonald album), released in 2008
• R.O.O.T.S., a 2009 album by Flo Rida

Songs[link]

• "The Root", a song by D'Angelo, on the 2000 album Voodoo
• "Roots" (song), by the band Spunge on their 2002 album The Story So Far
• "Roots", a song on Witness (Show of Hands album), released in 2006

Media[link]

• Roots: The Saga of an American Family, a 1976 novel by Alex Haley
  • Roots (TV miniseries), a 1977 miniseries based upon on the novel
  • Roots: The Next Generations, a 1979 sequel miniseries also based upon the novel
  • Roots: The Gift, a 1988 television film which takes place between the second and third episodes of the original miniseries
• Roots (play), a work by Arnold Wesker
• Root (organization), an organization in the world of the anime and manga series Naruto
• .hack//Roots, an anime series created by Bee Train
• The Root (magazine), an Internet-based magazine focusing on African-American culture
• The Roots, a location in the video game Kya: Dark Lineage
• Root Sports, a sports television network in the United States
• Roots (film), a 1955 Mexican film directed by Benito Alazraki

Other uses[link]

• Roots, one's cultural heritage
• Root (surname), a family name
• Root (company) a Japanese company that develops visual novels
• Roots Canada, a Canadian garment manufacturer
• Roots type supercharger
• A slang term meaning to have sexual intercourse, used primarily in Australia and New Zealand
• The bottom part of a tooth
• Root of penis, the bottom part of the penis
• Wing root, the part of the wing on a fixed-wing aircraft that is closest to the fuselage

See also[link]

• Rootes (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Cody Chesnutt
Cody ChesnuTT at the 2011 Ilosaarirock festival.
Background information
Born	1968 (age 43–44)
Origin	Atlanta, Georgia
Genres	Rock and roll, R&B, soul
Occupations	Composer, musician
Associated acts	The Crosswalk

Cody Chesnutt performing at Martin Luther's Rebel Soul Fest in San Francisco, July 2008.

Cody Chesnutt (stylized as Cody ChesnuTT, born 1968^[1]) is an American R&B and neo soul musician from Atlanta, Georgia.

Biography[link]

Chesnutt's music blends elements of rock, funk, soul, hip hop, and blues. After relocating to Los Angelos, Chesnutt found work with Death Row records, writing and producing five songs for the male R&B group Six Feet Deep. Chesnutt and his former band, The Crosswalk, had a brief stint with Hollywood Records in which they were later booted from the label. The band subsequently broke up and Chesnutt released a double LP in 2002 entitled The Headphone Masterpiece, which was recorded on a 4-track cassette recorder in his bedroom recording studio, which he calls "The Sonic Promiseland".

His closest brush with mainstream success came in 2002, when the hip hop group The Roots remade a song from his album, "The Seed", for their album Phrenology, as "The Seed (2.0)". Chesnutt plays guitar and sings vocals on the track, and appears in its music video, which received heavy airplay on MTV and BET. At the height of his popularity, Chesnutt's backing band consisted of drummer Craig Waters, now with the band The Bellrays, and bassist Aaron Ebensperger. In October 2003, Cody Chesnutt was nominated for the prestigious Shortlist Music Prize, and performed in the ceremony for the prize at the Wiltern Theatre in California.

In 2006, Chesnutt appeared in the music documentary Dave Chappelle's Block Party, which was originally recorded in September 2004. The same year, he recorded the track "Boils" for the 4AD records album Plague Songs. On his Myspace announced an upcoming album titled The Live Release, which he has been performing around the world but is yet to be released. In 2007, he performed at the Pop Montreal music festival as one of the headliners.

In 2010 he released an EP called Black Skin No Value. Furthermore he stated in an interview that he will publish his second big album Landing On A Hundred in 2012.^[2]

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• 2002: The Headphone Masterpiece
• 2006: The Live Release (unpublished)
• 2010: Black Skin No Value (EP)
• 2012: Landing On A Hundred^[3]

Singles[link]

• 2001: Look Good in Leather ("AXE Instinct"-Werbespot (2009))
• 2002: "The World Is Coming"^[4]
• 2002: "The Seed (2.0)" (featuring The Roots) (UK #33)
• 2006: "The Last Adam"
• 2008: "Afrobama"^[5]
• 2010: "Come Back Like Spring" ^[6]

Notes[link]

External links[link]

• Cody Chesnutt on Myspace

Alex Haley
Haley as a young man in the U.S. Coast Guard
Born	(1921-08-11)August 11, 1921 Ithaca, New York, United States [1]
Died	February 10, 1992(1992-02-10) (aged 70) Seattle, Washington, United States
Occupation	Writer

Alexander Murray Palmer Haley (August 11, 1921 – February 10, 1992)^[1] was an African-American writer. He is best known as the author of Roots: The Saga of an American Family and the co-author of The Autobiography of Malcolm X.^[2][3][4]

Early life[link]

Haley was born in Ithaca, New York, on August 11, 1921, and was the oldest of three brothers and a sister. Haley lived with his family in Henning, Tennessee, before he returned to Ithaca with his family when he was five years old. Haley's father was a professor of agriculture at Alabama A&M University. The younger Haley always spoke proudly of his father and the obstacles of racism he had overcome. Alex Haley was enrolled at Alcorn State University at age 15. Two years later he returned to his parents to inform them of his withdrawal from college. Simon Haley felt that Alex needed discipline and growth and convinced his son to enlist in the military when he turned 18. On May 24, 1939, Alex Haley began his twenty-year enlistment with the Coast Guard.

He enlisted as a mess attendant and then became a Petty Officer Third Class in the rate of Steward, one of the few rates open to African Americans at that time. His Coast Guard service number was 212-548. It was during his service in the Pacific theater of operations that Haley taught himself the craft of writing stories. It is said that during his enlistment he was often paid by other sailors to write love letters to their girlfriends. He talked of how the greatest enemy he and his crew faced during their long sea voyages wasn't the Japanese but boredom.

Alex Haley's boyhood home in Henning, Tennessee (2007)

After World War II, Haley was able to petition the Coast Guard to allow him to transfer into the field of journalism, and by 1949 he had become a Petty Officer First Class in the rating of Journalist. He later advanced to Chief Petty Officer and held this grade until his retirement from the Coast Guard in 1959. He was the first Chief Journalist in the Coast Guard, the rating having been expressly created for him in recognition of his literary ability.^[5]

Haley's awards and decorations from the Coast Guard include the American Defense Service Medal (with "Sea" clasp), American Campaign Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal, European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal, World War II Victory Medal, Coast Guard Good Conduct Medal (with 1 silver and 1 bronze service star), Korean Service Medal, National Defense Service Medal, United Nations Service Medal, and the Coast Guard Expert Marksmanship Medal.^[5]

Writing career[link]

After retiring from the Coast Guard, Haley began his writing career, and eventually became a senior editor for Reader's Digest.

Playboy magazine[link]

Haley conducted the first interview for Playboy magazine. The interview, with Miles Davis, appeared in the September 1962 issue. In the interview, Davis candidly spoke about his thoughts and feelings on racism and it was that interview which set the tone for what became a significant feature of the magazine. Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Playboy Interview with Haley was the longest he ever granted to any publication. Throughout the 1960s, Haley was responsible for some of the magazine's most notable interviews, including an interview with American Nazi Party leader George Lincoln Rockwell, who agreed to meet with Haley only after Haley, in a phone conversation, assured him that he was not Jewish. Haley remained calm and professional during the interview, even though Rockwell kept a handgun on the table throughout it. Haley also interviewed Muhammad Ali, who spoke about changing his name from Cassius Clay. Other interviews include Jack Ruby's defense attorney Melvin Belli, Sammy Davis, Jr., Jim Brown, Johnny Carson, and Quincy Jones. He completed a memoir of Malcolm X just weeks before Malcolm X was assassinated in February 1965.

[edit] The Autobiography of Malcolm X

The Autobiography of Malcolm X, published in 1965, was Haley's first book.^[6] It describes the trajectory of Malcolm X's life from street criminal to national spokesman for the Nation of Islam to his conversion to Sunni Islam. It also outlines Malcolm X's philosophy of black pride, black nationalism, and pan-Africanism. Haley wrote an epilogue to the book summarizing the end of Malcolm X's life, including his assassination in New York's Audubon Ballroom.

Haley wrote The Autobiography of Malcolm X based on more than 50 in-depth interviews he conducted with Malcolm X between 1963 and the activist's February 1965 assassination.^[7] The two men first met in 1960 when Haley wrote an article about the Nation of Islam for Reader's Digest. They met again when Haley interviewed Malcolm X for Playboy.^[8]

The first interviews for the autobiography frustrated Haley. Rather than talking about his own life, Malcolm X spoke about Elijah Muhammad, the leader of the Nation of Islam. Haley's reminders that the book was supposed to be about Malcolm X, not Muhammad or the Nation of Islam, angered the activist. After several meetings, Haley asked Malcolm X to tell him something about his mother. That question began the process of Malcolm X describing his life story.^[9][10]

The Autobiography of Malcolm X has been a consistent best-seller since its 1965 publication.^[11] The New York Times reported that six million copies of the book had been sold by 1977.^[3] In 1998, Time named The Autobiography of Malcolm X one of the ten most influential nonfiction books of the 20th century.^[12]

In 1966, Haley received the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award for The Autobiography of Malcolm X.

[edit] Super Fly T.N.T.

In 1973, Haley co-wrote his only screenplay, Super Fly T.N.T.. The film starred and was directed by Ron O'Neal.

[edit] Roots

In 1976, Haley published Roots: The Saga of an American Family, a novel based on his family's history, starting with the story of Kunta Kinte, kidnapped in The Gambia in 1767 and transported to the Province of Maryland to be sold as a slave. Haley claimed to be a seventh-generation descendant of Kunta Kinte, and Haley's work on the novel involved ten years of research, intercontinental travel and writing. He went to the village of Juffure, where Kunta Kinte grew up and which is still in existence, and listened to a tribal historian tell the story of Kinte's capture.^[1] Haley also traced the records of the ship, The Lord Ligonier, which he said carried his ancestor to America.

Haley has stated that the most emotional moment of his life occurred on September 29, 1967, when he stood at the site in Annapolis, Maryland where his ancestor had arrived from Africa in chains exactly 200 years before. A memorial depicting Haley reading a story to young children gathered at his feet has since been erected in the center of Annapolis.

Roots was eventually published in 37 languages, and Haley won a Special Award for the work in 1977 from the Pulitzer Board. Roots was also adapted into a popular television miniseries that year. The serial reached a record-breaking 130 million viewers. Roots emphasized that African Americans have a long history and that not all of that history is necessarily lost, as many believed. Its popularity sparked an increased public interest in genealogy, as well.

In 1979, ABC aired the sequel miniseries Roots: The Next Generations, which continued the story of Kunta Kinte's descendants, concluding with Haley's arrival in Juffure. Haley was portrayed (at various ages) by future soap opera actor Kristoff St. John, The Jeffersons actor Damon Evans, and Tony Award winner James Earl Jones.

Haley was briefly a "writer in residence" at Hamilton College in Clinton, New York, where he began work on Roots. Many of the locals remember Haley fondly.^{[citation needed]} He enjoyed spending time at a local bistro called "The Savoy" in Rome, New York, where he would sometimes pass the time listening to the piano player. Today, there is a special table in honor of Haley with a painting of Alex writing "Roots" on a yellow legal tablet.

Genealogists have since disputed Haley's research and conclusions. In addition, Harold Courlander, in 1978, filed suit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York, charging that Alex Haley, the author of Roots, had copied 81 passages from his novel.^[13]

Courlander's pre-trial memorandum in the copyright infringement law suit stated: "Defendant Haley had access to and substantially copied from The African. Without The African, Roots would have been a very different and less successful novel, and indeed it is doubtful that Mr. Haley could have written Roots without the African.... Mr. Haley copied language, thoughts, attitudes, incidents, situations, plot and character."^[14]

In his expert witness report submitted to the federal court in support of Courlander's claim, professor of English Michael Wood of Columbia University, stated: "The evidence of copying from The African in both the novel and the television dramatization of Roots is clear and irrefutable. The copying is significant and extensive.... Roots... plainly uses The African as a model: as something to be copied at some times, and at other times to be modified, but always it seems, to be consulted... Roots takes from The African phrases, situations, ideas, aspects of style and plot. Roots finds in The African essential elements for its depiction of such things as a slave's thoughts of escape, the psychology of an old slave, the habits of mind of the hero, and the whole sense of life on an infamous slave ship. Such things are the life of a novel; and when they appear in Roots, they are the life of someone else's novel."^[15]

After a five-week trial in the federal district court, Courlander and Haley settled the case with a financial settlement and a statement that "Alex Haley acknowledges and regrets that various materials from The African by Harold Courlander found their way into his book Roots."^[16]

During the trial, presiding U.S. District Court Judge Robert J. Ward stated, "Copying there is, period."^[17] In a later interview with BBC Television, Judge Ward stated, "Alex Haley perpetrated a hoax on the public."^[18]

During the trial, Alex Haley had maintained that he had not read The African before writing Roots. Shortly after the trial, however, a minority studies teacher at Skidmore College, Joseph Bruchac III, came forward and swore in an affidavit that he had discussed The African with Haley in 1970 or 1971 and had, in fact, given his own personal copy of The African to Haley. This event took place a good number of years prior to the publication of Roots.^[19]

Later years[link]

Alex Haley's grave beside his boyhood home in Henning, Tennessee (2010)

USCGC Alex Haley (WMEC-39)

In the late 1970s, Haley began working on a second historical novel based on another branch of his family, traced through his grandmother Queen—the daughter of a black slave woman and her white master. Haley died in Seattle, Washington, of a heart attack and was buried beside his childhood home in Henning, Tennessee, with the story unfinished. At his request, it was finished by David Stevens and was published as Alex Haley's Queen. It was subsequently made into a movie in 1993.

Late in his life, Haley had acquired a small farm in Norris, Tennessee, adjacent to the Museum of Appalachia, with the intent of making it his home. After his death, the property was sold to the Children's Defense Fund (CDF), which calls it the "Alex Haley Farm" and uses it as a national training center and retreat site. An abandoned barn on the farm property was rebuilt as a traditional cantilevered barn, using a design by architect Maya Lin. The building now serves as a library for the CDF.^[20]

Awards and recognition[link]

The main galley at the U.S. Coast Guard Training Center Petaluma at Petaluma, CA is named "Haley Hall" in his honor. In 1999, the U.S. Coast Guard honored Haley by naming the cutter Alex Haley after him.

Haley was posthumously awarded the Korean War Service Medal from the government of South Korea ten years after his death. This medal, created in 1951, was not authorized to be worn by U.S. Armed Forces personnel until 1999.

The characters Alex and Haley Dunphy on Modern Family are named after him.^{[citation needed]}

Other criticism[link]

Haley claims to have spent ten years researching his heritage for his historical novel, Roots, which in 1977 was adapted as a TV miniseries, and earned him a Pulitzer Prize and the Spingarn Medal for the book. A year later, his reputation was marred by an accusation of plagiarism. In 1978, author Harold Courlander charged in federal court that Haley, the author of Roots, had copied 81 passages from his novel.^[13] After a five-week trial in federal district court, Courlander and Haley settled the case,^[21] with Haley making a financial settlement of $650,000.^[22] Haley denied plagiarism but conceded that some passages in his book had apparently come from Courlander's novel, The African.^[23] He issued a statement that "Alex Haley acknowledges and regrets that various materials from The African by Harold Courlander found their way into his book Roots."^[24]

In addition, the accuracy of those aspects of Roots which Haley claimed to be true has also been challenged.^[25] Although Haley acknowledged the novel was primarily a work of fiction, he did claim that he had identified his actual ancestor in the person of Kunta Kinte, an African taken from the village of Jufureh in what is now The Gambia. According to Haley, Kunta Kinte was sold into slavery, where he was given the name Toby, and, while in the service of a slavemaster named John Waller, went on to have a daughter named Kizzy, Haley's great-great-great grandmother. Haley also claimed to have identified the specific slave ship and the actual voyage on which Kunta Kinte was transported from Africa to North America in 1767.

Historical marker in front of Alex Haley's boyhood home in Henning, Tennessee (2007)

However, genealogist Elizabeth Shown Mills and historian Gary B. Mills, both specialists in African-American research, revisited Haley's research and concluded that those claims of Haley's were false.^[26][27] According to the Millses, the slave named Toby who was owned by John Waller could be definitively shown to have been in North America as early as 1762. They also reported, among other findings, that Toby died years prior to the supposed date of birth of his daughter Kizzy. There have also been suggestions that Kebba Kanji Fofana, the amateur griot in Jufureh, who, during Haley's visit there, confirmed the tale of the disappearance of Kunta Kinte, had been coached to relate such a story.^[28][29][30]

To date, Haley's work remains a notable exclusion from the Norton Anthology of African-American Literature, despite Haley's status as history's best-selling African-American author. Harvard University professor Dr. Henry Louis Gates, Jr., one of the anthology's general editors, has denied that the controversies surrounding Haley's works are the reason for this exclusion. Nonetheless, Dr. Gates has acknowledged the doubts surrounding Haley's claims about Roots, saying, "Most of us feel it's highly unlikely that Alex actually found the village whence his ancestors sprang. Roots is a work of the imagination rather than strict historical scholarship."^[31]

Recordings[link]

• Alex Haley Tells the Story of His Search for Roots (1977) - 2-LP recording of a two-hour lecture Haley gave at the University of Pennsylvania. Released by Warner Bros. Records (2BS 3036).

Collection of Alex Haley's personal works[link]

The University of Tennessee Libraries, in Knoxville, TN, maintains a collection of Alex Haley's personal works in its Special Collections Department. The works contain notes, outlines, bibliographies, research, and legal papers documenting Haley's Roots through 1977. Of particular interest are the items showing Harold Courlander's lawsuit against Haley, Doubleday & Company, and various affiliated groups.^[32]

References[link]

External links[link]

Biography portal

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Alex Haley

• Alex Haley documentary biography
• Biography
• Alex Haley at the Internet Movie Database
• The Kunta Kinte - Alex Haley Foundation
• Coast Guard cutter named after Alex Haley
• Roots tribute page
• Alex Haley's Gravesite
• Alex Haley's Playboy Interview with Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
• Alex Haley's Playboy Interview with Miles Davis
• Official Roots: 30th Anniversary Edition website
• Pace, Eric. "Alex Haley, 70, Author of 'Roots,' Dies," The New York Times, February 11, 1992.
• Alex Palmer Haley:A Leading African-American Novelist and Genealogist

This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (April 2009)

Fredric Joseph “Rik” Cordero was born and raised in Queens, New York and is known for applying unusual, non-traditional shooting methods in his work. He was nominated for Video Director Of The Year at the 2009 BET Awards and was the recipient of the Best Film Award for his feature film, “Inside A Change” which made its world premiere at the 2009 HBO New York International Latino Film Festival. In 2010, Cordero was seen in Sprite’s print and television ads for their “Spark” campaign. The ads featured him as a Hollywood director discovering inspiration in very unlikely ways. He recently wrapped his latest feature “Starla”, a thriller executive produced by Chris Robinson and “The World Is Watching”, a documentary about the culture of New York City high school basketball produced by Nike and narrated by Spike Lee. Cordero was also a featured director for SHOOT Magazine’s 9th Annual New Director’s Showcase held at the DGA Theater on May 10, 2011. He is currently the executive producer of Channel Three/21, a YouTube partner channel with over 50 million views worldwide.

Awards and Nominations[link]

• Selected Director for 2011 SHOOT Magazine 9th Annual New Directors Showcase
• Best Film Award at 2009 HBO New York International Latino Film Festival for Inside A Change
• Video Director Of The Year Nominee at 2009 BET Awards
• Best Music Video Award at 2008 No Exit Music Video Festival for "Stop Hittin Me" – Big Lou
• Best Director Award at 2007 No Exit Music Video Festival for "I’ve Been Lost" – +/-
• Best Music Video Award at 2006 New York Asian American International Film Festival for "I’ve Been Lost" – +/-
• Best Music Video Award at 2005 New York Asian American International Film Festival for "Park, Park – The Mighty Sweet
• NYIT SOURCE (Symposium on Undergraduate Research and Creative Expression) Award for “Ducksauce” Senior Thesis Animation (2002)

References[link]

• Rik Cordero’s new documentary hits home with a SLAMonline writer – slamonline.com – 06/06/11
• SHOOT Magazine 9th Annual New Directors Showcase Rik Cordero Profile – nds.shootonline.com – 05/13/11
• SHOOT Magazine Announces Selected Helmers Making The Final Cut For 2011 9th Annual New Directors Showcase – shootonline.com – 05/02/11
• Robot’s Rik Cordero Brings Marines Home – screenmag.com – 02/08/11
• Robot's Rik Cordero Reaches To Your Hometown For The United States Marine Corps – presskitchen.blog.wordpress.com – 02/03/11
• The United States Marine Corps Celebrates Hometowns In Honor Of Black History Month – prnewswire.com – 02/01/11
• Michigan Movie Clips – freep.com – 01/21/11
• THE WORLD IS WATCHING – thesavile.com – 12/08/10
• What’s On My iPod: Rik Cordero – smokingsection.uproxx.com – 11/24/10
• Tarrus Riley releases video for Superman – jamaicaobserver.com – 11/09/10
• Meet Pop's Three Million Dollar Man! – usmagazine.com – 10/06/10
• The Why In NYC – suitsiswatching.com – 08/19/10
• WATCH: New Video from the Roots with John Legend – spin.com – 07/28/10
• The Roots – “The Fire” (Feat. John Legend) Video – stereogum.com – 07/28/10
• Watch: Cannibalistic New Roots Video – pitchfork.com – 07/27/10
• Watch the Roots and John Legend’s Confusing New Video, ‘The Fire’ – nymag.com – 07/27/10
• The Roots, The Fire – filtermagazine.com – 07/27/10
• Watch The Roots' War Movie Pastiche Music Video for "The Fire" – thelmagazine.com – 07/26/10
• N.O.R.E. Explains Unreleased Nas Cameo On The War Report 2 – mtv.com – 05/18/10
• Wale Plays The Gentleman In 'Diary' Video – mtv.com – 05/03/10
• Wu-Tang Trio Say Video For 'Our Dreams' Looks 'Like A Movie' – mtv.com – 02/24/10
• Sprite The Spark Campaign – thecoca-colacompany.com – 02/11/10
• Drake Teams With Sprite for 'Spark' Campaign – billboard.com – 02/11/10
• Sprite Unleashes ‘The Spark’ – atlanta.bizjournals.com – 02/11/10
• "Obama Fried Chicken" Owner Demanded $3,000 for Video: Director – nbcnewyork.com – 11/23/09
• "Obama Fried Chicken" Sign Cut From Rap Video – nbcnewyork.com – 11/21/09
• Interview: Rik Cordero, video producer and director, Three/21 Media – prweekus.com – 09/16/09
• Inside Rik Cordero’s Change: Young Video Director Carves Place in Movies with Noted Film Project – humannaturemag.com – 09/09/09
• 12FTDWENDE X Rik Cordero (+ a lil’ youngdscott) – 12ftdwende.com – 08/25/09
• Rik Cordero: Music Video Director To Promising Film Maker – ballerstatus.com – 07/28/09
• Where Rik Cordero and Fiery Furnaces Collide – villagevoice.com – 07/08/09
• Who Killed the Video Star? – cbsnews.com – 06/29/09
• Inside A Change – hiphopdx.com – 06/21/09
• 5 Minutes with Rik Cordero – nicekicks.com – 06/08/09
• Interview: Rik Cordero (video director) – thickonline.com – 06/03/09
• 30 under 30: rik cordero – angryasianman.com – 05/27/09
• Beyonce, T.I. Nominated For BET Awards – billboard.com – 05/14/09
• Hip-Hop and Online Video: What the Hell’s Going On!?!? – portal-a.com – 03/06/09
• Q&A: Rik Cordero – limitemagazine.com – 02/12/09
• The Man Behind The Scenes – aandrdepartment.com – 01/14/09
• The Man Behind The Scenes – musicfeatures.blogspot.com – 01/14/09
• 10 People Who Have Me Excited About Hip Hop. #2 – hiphopdx.com – 12/24/08
• SpeechIsMyHammer x Rik Cordero (Pt. 2) – speechismyhammer.com – 12/24/08
• SpeechIsMyHammer x Rik Cordero (Pt. 1) – speechismyhammer.com – 12/22/08
• Rik Cordero: Inside The Learning Curve – rubyhornet.com – 12/15/08
• Guest Contribution: A Man with a Movie Camera – bakitwhy.com – 12/07/08
• The StreetCred.com Interview: Rik Cordero – streetcred.com – 12/03/08
• Is Rik Cordero the Timbaland of Music Videos? – highsnobiety.com – 11/25/08
• EXCLUSIVE: On The Set of “Arab Money” With Rik Cordero – giant.blackplanet.com – 11/13/08
• PROFILE: Rik Cordero, director @ Three/21 Media – videostatic.com – 11/07/08
• Electric Relaxation: Rik Cordero :: Reexamining the hip-hop video mold – urb.com – 10/06/08
• Six New Directors Who Are Making Music Video Cool Again – wired.com – 09/22/08
• Statik Selektah X Rik Cordero – urb.com – 08/28/08
• 10 Questions Vol. 1 (Rik Cordero) – thatsmajor.info – 07/15/08
• Nas, Battling DJs And Asia’s Biggest Pop Star Get Together For Earthquake Relief (on Rik Cordero) – mtv.com – 07/14/08
• Video: Nas: "Sly Fox" – pitchforkmedia.com – 07/11/08
• Wale & Rik Cordero Visualize ‘Artistic Integrity’ – complex.com – 06/25/08
• Rik Cordero Gets In Touch – shotsringout.com – 06/12/08
• Nas Reveals 'N*gger' Video, Album Cover – billboard.biz – 05/30/08
• Nas Debuts Controversial Video in New York City – rollingstone.com – 05/30/08
• Rik Cordero – massappealmag.com – 05/16/08
• Radar: Rik Cordero – sixshot.com – 05/13/08
• NEW RELEASE: The Roots "Rising Down" – videostatic.com – 05/08/08
• Interview Session: Rik Cordero – musicalessence.wordpress.com – 05/06/08
• Rik Cordero Antagonizes Feminist Film Theory With "Birthday Girl" Video – idolator.com – 04/16/08
• Interview with Rik Cordero – hoodhype.com – 04/08/08
• Guerilla Video: An Interview with Rik Cordero – fobbdeep.com – 03/12/08
• Snap Judgment: Snoop Dogg's 'Neva Have 2 Worry' video – ew.com – 03/07/08
• Rik Cordero: Shoot 'Em Up – hiphopdx.com – 02/08/08
• Rik Cordero Interview – bnqt.com – 12/17/07
• Fire Starter: Rik Cordero – mtv.com – 12/10/07
• Rik Cordero: The Future – giantmag.com – 12/06/07
• Hustler Watch: Rik Cordero – eighty81.com – 11/27/07
• Director Rik Cordero's Bold Music Video Trailer Generates Overwhelming Internet Response – biz.yahoo.com – 10/23/07

External links[link]

• IMDB
• Rik Cordero

Carly Rae Jepsen
Jepsen performing on Canada Day in 2010
Background information
Born	(1985-11-21) November 21, 1985 (age 26) Mission, British Columbia, Canada
Genres	Pop, pop rock
Occupations	Singer-songwriter
Years active	2007–present
Labels	604 (2008–present) Schoolboy/Interscope (2012–present)
Website	carlyraemusic.com

Carly Rae Jepsen (born November 21, 1985) is a Canadian recording artist and singer-songwriter from Mission, British Columbia. In 2007, she placed third in the fifth season of Canadian Idol, and was a part of the Canadian Idol Top 3 concert tour.^[1]

Shortly after competing on Idol, she signed to Fontana and MapleMusic, and released her debut album, Tug of War, on September 30, 2008. Three years later, she released a new single, entitled "Call Me Maybe", which was released by 604 Records, and was followed by the release of her debut extended play, Curiosity, on February 14, 2012. "Call Me Maybe" was met with much success, reaching the Top 5 on the Billboard Hot 100 and reaching the number 1 spot on the Canadian Hot 100. The single also went to number 1 in Australia, Ireland and the United Kingdom. Jepsen signed with Interscope Records in 2012.

Life and career[link]

Jepsen attended Heritage Park Secondary School in Mission, British Columbia and has since performed there post-graduation. She later attended the Canadian College of Performing Arts in Victoria, BC before auditioning for Canadian Idol. After completing the Canadian Idol tour, Jepsen retreated to B.C. to focus on writing, recording and completing her band. Her demos attracted attention and she was eventually signed a joint management deal with Simkin Artist Management and Dexter Entertainment. A deal with Fontana/Maple Music quickly followed, leading Jepsen into the studio with producer/writer Ryan Stewart.^[2]

[edit] 2008–11: Tug of War

On June 16, 2008, Jepsen released her debut single and another single, a cover of John Denver's song "Sunshine On My Shoulders". It is the only cover song on her debut album.^[3] On July 21, 2008, Jepsen added two new songs from the album to her MySpace page: "Bucket" and "Heavy Lifting". In August 2008, Jepsen's MySpace page announced that the album's title would be Tug of War, and it was released on September 30, 2008. The page also mentioned two more songs that were included on the album: "Tug of War" and "Sweet Talker". The former was released as a single on iTunes on September 16, 2008, and has been receiving radio airplay on various stations across Canada. She performed the latter as her Canadian Idol audition.^[4]
A music video for "Tug of War" was released in January 2009. "Bucket", her second single, was released in May 2009, and the video for "Sour Candy", a duet with Josh Ramsay of Marianas Trench who has also help produce some of her songs including Call Me Maybe, has also been released. All of Jepsen's music videos have been directed by Ben Knechtel. In spring 2009, she toured western Canada with Marianas Trench and Shiloh.^[5] She then went on a cross-Canada tour with Marianas Trench, The New Cities and Mission District.

[edit] 2012–present: Curiosity

Jepsen's second album Curiosity was released on February 14, 2012. It was produced by Ryan Stewart and Kevin James Maher produced the track "Dear Julien". On the same day as the release, Justin Bieber made the announcement on the MuchMusic program New Music Live that Jepsen has been signed to Schoolboy Records, the label run by Justin Bieber's manager, Scooter Braun.^[6] The lead single, "Call Me Maybe" (which gained notoriety after "Primetime" Sam Roberts played the track during "After Opie and Anthony Live" on SiriusXM Satellite Radio) is from her second studio album Curiosity was released on September 21, 2011 and was produced by Josh Ramsay of Marianas Trench and co-written by Jepsen, Ramsay and Tavish Crowe. "Call Me Maybe" is the first song by a Canadian artist to reach the top of the digital chart since Justin Bieber's “Baby” in January 2010. It is also only the 11th song by a Canadian artist to reach No. 1 on the Digital Songs chart since Nielsen SoundScan began tracking digital download sales in 2005. The song has also peaked at #1 on Billboard's Canadian Hot 100, being the 4th Canadian artist to do so, after Avril Lavigne's "Girlfriend", Nikki Yanofsky's "I Believe", and the Young Artists for Haiti version of "Wavin' Flag", originally by Canadian rapper K'naan.^[7] Jepsen is currently touring on the Shout it Out World Tour. She is the opening act for the pop-rock trio Hanson. In February 2012, Jepsen visited Justin Bieber and Scooter Braun in Los Angeles, California, where she subsequently signed to Schoolboy Records and Interscope. Her music will still be distributed by 604 Records in Canada. On March 23, 2012, Jepsen made her first American television debut on The Ellen DeGeneres Show, performing "Call Me Maybe" (with Jared Manierka on keys), later joined by Justin Bieber. Carly was also the first Canadian Idol contestant to enter the UK charts, when Call Me Maybe debuted at #1. Carly played at Citywalk at Universal Studios on April 14 2012. 400 people who paid $5 were allowed to meet with the singer and get CDs autographed by her.

Jepsen, 26, has been criticized in the press for dressing "too young" for her age in an effort to appeal to the pre-teen demographic.^[8][9]

On May 20th, 2012 Jepsen performed "Call Me Maybe" at the 2012 Billboard Music Awards. On May 22th, 2012 she performed "Tug of War", "Curiosity", and "Call Me Maybe" at the first Q102 Springle Ball concert.

[edit] Canadian Idol performances

Discography[link]

Studio albums[link]

• Tug of War (2008)

Extended plays[link]

• Curiosity (2012)

Tours[link]

Opening act

• Justin Bieber – Believe Tour (North American dates) (2012)

Filmography[link]

Awards and nominations[link]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official website
• Carly Rae Jepsen on Twitter
• Carly Rae Jepsen on Myspace
• "Primetime" Sam Roberts