Combat, or fighting, is a purposeful violent conflict meant to establish dominance over the opposition, or to kill the opposition, or drive the opposition away from a location where it is not wanted or needed.

The term ''combat'' (French for ''fight'') typically refers to armed conflict between military forces in warfare, whereas the more general term "fighting" can refer to any violent conflict between individuals or nations. Combat violence can be unilateral, whereas fighting implies at least a defensive reaction. However, the terms are often used synonymously along with the term "Battle Ready". A large-scale fight is known as a battle.

Combat may take place under a certain set of rules or be unregulated. Examples of rules include the Geneva Conventions (covering the treatment of soldiers in war), medieval Chivalry, the Marquess of Queensberry rules (covering boxing) and several forms of combat sports.

Combat in warfare involves two or more opposing military organizations, usually fighting for nations at war (although guerrilla warfare and suppression of insurgencies can fall outside this definition). Warfare falls under the laws of war, which govern its purposes and conduct, and protect the rights of soldiers and non-combatants.

Combat may be armed (using weapons), or unarmed (not using weapons). Hand-to-hand combat (melee) is combat at very close range, attacking the opponent with the body (striking, kicking, strangling, etc.) and/or with a melee weapon (knives, swords, batons, etc.), as opposed to a ranged weapon.

Hand-to-hand combat can be further divided into three sections depending on the distance and positioning of the combatants:

Clinch fighting

Ground fighting

Stand-up fighting

Verbal combat[link]

Certain speech act structures related to verbal and also physical exchanges are extant in ancient times as well as today. Fixed speech act patterns employed in a verbal exchange are a phenomenon found in historical and modern texts alike. Although conventions change over time and from one culture to the other, ritualised exchanges seem to be part of the basic inventory of language usage, and so it is quite common to find similarities between the way individuals from various cultures engage in a verbal duel. Verbal combat may result in physical combat after a certain extent.

References[link]

Martin van Creveld: The Changing Face of War: Lessons of Combat, from the Marne to Turkey. Maine, New England 2007.

Further reading [link]

Wong, Leonard. 2006. “Combat Motivation in Today’s Soldiers: U.S. Army War College Strategic Studies Institute.”''Armed Forces & Society'', vol. 32: pp. 659–663. http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/32/4/659

Gifford, Brian. 2005. “Combat Casualties and Race: What Can We Learn from the 2003-2004 Iraq Conflict?” ''Armed Forces & Society'', vol. 31: pp. 201–225. http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/31/2/201

Herspring, Dale. 2006. “Undermining Combat Readiness in the Russian Military, 1992-2005.” ''Armed Forces & Society'', Jul 2006; vol. 32: pp. 513–531. http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/32/4/513

Ben-Shalom, Uzi; Lehrer, Zeev; and Ben-Ari, Eyal. 2005. “Cohesion during Military Operations: A Field Study on Combat Units in the Al-Aqsa Intifada.” ''Armed Forces & Society'', vol. 32: pp. 63–79. http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/32/1/63

Woodruff, Todd; Kelty, Ryan; Segal, David R. 2006. “Propensity to Serve and Motivation to Enlist among American Combat Soldiers.” ''Armed Forces & Society'', Apr 2006; vol. 32: pp. 353–366. http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/32/3/353

Dienstfrey, Stephen. 1988. “Women Veterans’ Exposure to Combat.” ''Armed forces & Society'', vol. 14: pp. 549–558. http://afs.sagepub.com/cgi/content/abstract/14/4/549

Category:Military operations by type

ast:Combate bg:Бой cs:Boj de:Kampf es:Combate fr:Combat is:Bardagi it:Combattimento ht:Goumen lt:Kova nl:Gevecht no:Kamp pl:Walka (wojsko) pt:Combate ro:Luptă ru:Бой scn:Cummattimentu sk:Boj sr:Бој sv:Slagsmål chr:ᏓᎾᎵᎲ uk:Бій zh:戰鬥

name	MTV Movie Awards
Current awards	2012 MTV Movie Awards
description	Teen popularity in film
presenter	MTV
country	United States
year	1992
website	www.mtv.com/ontv/movieawards/ }}

The MTV Movie Awards is a film awards show presented annually on MTV. The nominees are decided by producers and executives at MTV. Winners are decided online by the general public. Presently voting is done through MTV's official website through a special Movie Awards link at movieawards.mtv.com.

Production process[link]

Unlike its sister event MTV Video Music Awards (which are broadcast live), the MTV Movie Awards (up to 2007) were taped and then broadcast a few days later. The entire production was taped in a completely different order than what the MTV viewing audience saw. For example, the show's host would tape all his/her monologues and introductions at one time, and all the musical acts would perform one after the other. Celebrities would often only appear at the live taping for the announcement of their award category, and members of the general audience fill their vacant seats during the other times. Through clever editing, MTV was able to present to its viewing audience an awards show which appears to be taped in live sequence, with celebrities sticking around for the whole show. This method of production allowed foul language to be edited from the show and also is more convenient for celebrities. The actual live taping aired same-day on pay-per-view channels in most metropolitan cities around the world. Some awards telecasts had also been shown in television syndication. However, in 2007, this changed, as MTV and ''Survivor'' producer Mark Burnett (who took over duties from Joel Gallen for the 2007 awards) announced the '07 edition would be broadcast live on MTV for the first time on June 3, 2007 in Los Angeles.

Current award categories[link]

Best Movie

Best Performance ''(usually separated into Male and Female categories)''

Best Breakthrough Performance ''(sometimes separated into Male and Female categories)''

Best Villain

Best Comedic Performance

Best Kiss

Best Fight

Best Jaw Dropping Moment

Best Scared-as-S**t Performance

Biggest Badass Star

Best Line From a Movie

Past award categories[link]

Most Desirable Male (1992–1996)

Most Desirable Female (1992–1996)

Best On-Screen Duo (1992–2006; changed to Best On-Screen Team in 2001)

Best Action Sequence (1992–2005)

Best New Filmmaker (1992–2002)

Best Song From a Movie (1992-1999, 2009)

Best Dance Sequence (1995, 1998, 2001, 2004)

Best Sandwich in a Movie (1996)

Best Cameo (2001–2002, 2004)

Best Dressed (2001–2002)

Best Virtual Performance (2003)

Best Video Game Based on a Movie (2005)

Sexiest Performance (2006)

Best Summer Movie You Haven't Seen Yet (2007)

Best Summer Movie So Far (2008)

Global Superstar (2010)

Lifetime Achievement Award/MTV Generation Award [link]

MTV has awarded at least three fictional characters their version of the Academy Honorary Award: Godzilla, Jason Voorhees, and Chewbacca. Jason was awarded the honor in 1992. Godzilla was awarded it in 1996, and Chewbacca the following year. (Carrie Fisher presented him with a medal identical to that which Han Solo and Luke Skywalker were given by Princess Leia, who was portrayed by Fisher, at the ceremony at the end of ''Star Wars'' since it was a long running complaint that Chewbacca never received one in the movie). The category existed as a spoof award through 1997, where other recipients included Jackie Chan and Richard Roundtree. In 1998, Clint Howard was the last person given the award. The award was retired in 1998, but reemerged seven years later as the MTV Generation Award; Tom Cruise in 2005, Jim Carrey in 2006, Mike Myers in 2007, Adam Sandler in 2008, Ben Stiller in 2009, Sandra Bullock in 2010, and Reese Witherspoon in 2011.

Years[link]

Year	Host(s)	Venue	Best Movie	Best Performance
				! Female	! Male
	Dennis Miller		''Terminator 2: Judgment Day''	Linda Hamilton, ''Terminator 2: Judgment Day''	Arnold Schwarzenegger, ''Terminator 2: Judgment Day''
	Eddie Murphy	N/A		Sharon Stone, ''Basic Instinct''
	Will Smith	N/A	''Menace II Society''
	Jon LovitzCourteney Cox	Warner Bros. Studios			Brad Pitt, ''Interview with the Vampire''
	Ben StillerJaneane Garofalo		''Se7en''		Jim Carrey, ''Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls''
					Tom Cruise, ''Jerry Maguire''
	Samuel L. Jackson		Neve Campbell, ''Scream 2''
	Lisa Kudrow	''There's Something About Mary''	Cameron Diaz, ''There's Something About Mary''	Jim Carrey, ''The Truman Show''
	Sarah Jessica Parker	N/A	''The Matrix''	Sarah Michelle Gellar, ''Cruel Intentions''	Keanu Reeves, ''The Matrix''
	Jimmy FallonKirsten Dunst				Tom Cruise, ''Mission: Impossible 2''
	Sarah Michelle GellarJack Black	''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring''	Nicole Kidman, ''Moulin Rouge!''
	Seann William ScottJustin Timberlake	''The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers''
	Lindsay Lohan	Sony Pictures Studios	''The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King''	Uma Thurman, ''Kill Bill, Vol. 1''	Johnny Depp, ''Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl''
	Jimmy Fallon	Shrine Auditorium	''Napoleon Dynamite''	Lindsay Lohan, ''Mean Girls''
	Jessica Alba	Sony Pictures Studios	''Wedding Crashers''
	Sarah Silverman		''Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest''
	Andy Samberg			Zac Efron, ''High School Musical 3: Senior Year''
	Aziz Ansari	''The Twilight Saga: New Moon''	Kristen Stewart, ''The Twilight Saga: New Moon''	Robert Pattinson, ''The Twilight Saga: New Moon''
	Jason Sudeikis	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Kristen Stewart, ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Robert Pattinson, ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''

Film parodies[link]

Since 1993, scenes are spoofed, mostly from that year's most popular films, although television shows and older movies have also been chosen. This may include sound and video montages, replacing some of the original cast with other actors (commonly, the hosts of each year's show) generally mocking the scenes of that film. The diversity of the spoofs can vary greatly, from one dialogue (such as in 2005) to several long scenes, including fighting and action sequences (2003).

+ MTV Movie Awards Film Spoofs by Year
Year	Film	Starring	Watch
1995		Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs Robert Hegyes Ron Palillo
		Ben Stiller Janeane Garofalo Jay Leno
''Braveheart''	Bob Newhart
	The Golden Girls
''Se7en''	William Shatner (in all three key roles)
	Adam West Frank Gorshin
	''The Lost World: Jurassic Park''
''Romeo + Juliet''	Mike Myers (actor)
	''[[Godzilla (1998 film)	[[Christopher Lloyd (as Jim Ignatowski)
''Dawson's Creek''
	'N Sync Lisa Kudrow Clint Howard	Creator's web-site
	''Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace''	Lisa Kudrow (as herself) Andy Dick	Creator's web-site
	''Sex and the Matrix'' (''Sex and the City'', ''The Matrix'', combined)		Creator's web-site
''Mission: Impossible II''	Ben Stiller (as Tom Crooze, Tom Cruise's stunt double)	Creator's web-site
	''Cast Away''	Andy Dick	Creator's web-site
''The Mummy Returns''	Jimmy Fallon Snoop Dogg Kirsten Dunst Rob Schneider Oded Fehr
''Adam Sandler Skit''	Adam Sandler Jimmy Fallon Britney Spears Kirsten Dunst
	''Lord of the Piercing'' (''The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring'')	Jack Black (as Jack the Elf - Ring-bearer)Sarah Michelle Gellar (Arwen)	Creator's web-site
	Jack Black (as Spider-Man) Sarah Michelle Gellar (Mary Jane Watson / Wonder Woman)	Creator's web-site
''Panic Room''	Jack Black Will Ferrell	Creator's web-site
2003	''MTV: Reloaded'' (''The Matrix Reloaded'')	Justin Timberlake (as "a One") Seann William Scott ("a One", Agent Scott) Will Ferrell (Larry the Architect) Randall Duk Kim (Keymaker) Wanda Sykes (Oracle)	Creator's web-site
2004	''Kill Bill Vol. 2''	Lindsay Lohan Andy Dick
	''Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of the Sith''	Jimmy Fallon (as Anakin Skywalker)	Creator's web-site
''Batman Begins''	Jimmy Fallon Jon Heder (as Napoleon Dynamite) Andy Dick	Creator's web-site
	''Mission: Impossible III''	Jessica Alba Topher Grace Flavor Flav	Creator's web-site
	Jessica Alba	Creator's web-site
		Creator's web-site
2007	''Transformers'', ''The Devil Wears Prada'', ''Dreamgirls'', ''Babel'', ''The Pursuit of Happyness'', ''The Departed'' and ''300''
2008	''Iron Man'', ''Kung Fu Panda'' and ''Tropic Thunder''	Robert Downey, Jr. Jack Black Ben Stiller
2009	''Twilight'', ''Star Trek'', ''Slumdog Millionaire'' and ''The Reader''	Andy Samberg Robert PattinsonAziz AnsariTaylor SwiftJustin Timberlake Kristen Bell Taylor Lautner
2010	''Precious (film)	[[Aziz Ansari Quinton Aaron Jae HeadMo'Nique Paula Patton Justin Bieber
2011		Jason Sudeikis Taylor Lautner Justin BarthaChelsea Handler Natalie Portman Mila Kunis Justin Timberlake James Franco Eva Mendes
2012

Notes [link]

References[link]

Steve Hochman, Awards as American as 'Pie' and Other Silliness; Television, L.A. Times, June 7, 2000, Calendar page 3;

External links[link]

2012 MTV Movie Awards Official Site

2011 MTV Movie Awards Official Site

2010 MTV Movie Awards Official Site

2009 MTV Movie Awards Official Site

2008 MTV Movie Awards Official Site

MTV Movie Awards Official Archive

MTV Movie website

Best Spoofs from the MTV Movie Awards

2007 MTV Movie Awards Spoof site

Category:American film awards Category:American television specials Movie Awards Category:Awards established in 1992 Category:Lifetime achievement awards Category:Annual television programs

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birth date	February 28, 1976
birth place	Cherry Hill, New Jersey, U.S.
birth name	Alison Elizabeth Larter
occupation	Actress, model
years active	1997–present
other names	Allegra Coleman
spouse	Hayes MacArthur (2009–present)
children	Theodore Hayes MacArthur }}

Alison Elizabeth "Ali" Larter (born February 28, 1976) is an American actress. She is perhaps best known for playing the dual roles of Niki Sanders and Tracy Strauss on the NBC science fiction drama ''Heroes'' as well as her guest roles on several television shows in the 1990s.

Larter's screen debut came in the 1999 film ''Varsity Blues'', followed by the horror films ''House on Haunted Hill'' and ''Final Destination'' as Clear Rivers. Major supporting roles in the comedy ''Legally Blonde'' and the romantic comedy ''A Lot Like Love'' led her to lead roles as the titular character in ''Marigold'' and in the 2009 thriller ''Obsessed''. Larter achieved wider fame after her portrayal of video game heroine Claire Redfield in the successful films, ''Resident Evil: Extinction'' and ''Resident Evil: Afterlife''.

Larter's presence in the media is reinforced by her appearances in lists compiled by ''Maxim'', ''FHM'' and ''Stuff'' as well as ''People'' magazine's "Best Dressed List" in 2007. After a three year long relationship with actor Hayes MacArthur, the two married in August 2009 and have a son, Theodore Hayes MacArthur, born December 2010.

Early life and modelling[link]

Born in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, Larter is the daughter of Margaret, a realtor, and Danforth Larter, a trucking executive. She attended Carusi Middle School and later graduated from Cherry Hill High School West during her time as a model. Her parents have since moved to Allentown, Pennsylvania.

Larter began her modelling career at the age of 14 when a modelling scout discovered her on the street and was asked to star in a ''Phillies'' commercial, this led to a modeling contract with the prestigious Ford Modeling Agency in New York. Larter subsequently skipped her senior year to model in Australia, Italy and Japan, the latter a country she would temporarily settle in at the age of seventeen.

While modelling in Italy, Larter met fellow model and aspiring actress Amy Smart and the two "became instant friends", according to Larter. A modelling job later took her to Los Angeles, whilst there, she decided to take acting classes with Smart. The two then moved into an apartment together. In November 1996, Larter portrayed fictional model Allegra Coleman in an ''Esquire'' magazine hoax. When speaking about the cover and her subsequent fame, Larter said, "When the door opens for you in Hollywood, you need to run with it. You know?" Larter is currently signed to IMG Models.

Career[link]

Career progression: 1997–2005[link]

Larter landed her first professional roles in 1997 when she appeared in several television programs. She appeared in an episode of the Brooke Shields television series ''Suddenly Susan'', and the short-lived series ''Chicago Sons''. These roles were followed by a number of other appearances on ''Dawson's Creek'', ''Chicago Hope'', and ''Just Shoot Me!''

In 1999, Larter began her film career with an appearance in ''Varsity Blues'', which re-united her with ''Dawson's Creek'' star Van Der Beek and close friend Amy Smart. Smart had persuaded Larter to audition for the movie, in which she played Darcy Sears, a love interest for one of the main characters. ''Varsity Blues'' drew a domestic box office gross of $53 million. That year she made appearances in the teen comedies ''Giving It Up'' and ''Drive Me Crazy''. Larter also starred in the horror remake ''House on Haunted Hill'' which was made for around $20 million. The movie was panned by critics, but grossed $15 million on its opening weekend and went on to earn over $40 million overall.

In 2000, Larter starred as one of the main characters, Clear Rivers, in the teen supernatural horror film ''Final Destination''. Also starring Devon Sawa and Kerr Smith, the movie's premise followed several teenagers who survive a plane crash but are stalked and killed by death itself. ''Final Destination'' made $112 million by the end of its theatrical run. The following year, she appeared in the comedy ''Legally Blonde'' with Reese Witherspoon. She played Brooke Taylor Windham, a widow accused of her husband's murder. The film earned the top spot with $20 million in its opening weekend and ended up grossing $141 million worldwide. With $96 million of it total gross deriving from domestic markets, ''Legally Blonde'' is Larter's highest grossing film domestically.

Larter next appeared as Zerelda Mimms in the western comedy ''American Outlaws''. Directed by Les Mayfield and co-starring Colin Farrell and Scott Caan, the movie was poorly received by critics and at the box office making $13 million at the end of its theatrical run. She also starred in Kevin Smith's ''Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back.'' That year, Larter appeared on the cover of ''Maxim'' magazine and performed in the stage play ''The Vagina Monologues'' in New York City. In Spring 2002, Larter moved from Los Angeles to New York. "I was too young and impressionable to handle the pressures of L.A." Larter recalled in an interview, "I'm a woman now. I am no longer the little girl who could be easily influ­enced."

Her first project there was to reprise her role as Clear Rivers in the sequel to ''Final Destination'' entitled ''Final Destination 2''. In an interview with IGN, Larter explained her return to the franchise: "When New Line asked me to come back, I thought it was great. They showed me the script and let me have some input, and it was really terrific." The film opened at number 2 with $16 million to mixed critical reception. A year later, Larter served as an associate producer of and starred in the thriller ''Three Way''. In 2005, Larter appeared in the independent political thriller, ''Confess'', and had a role in the romantic comedy ''A Lot Like Love'' alongside Amanda Peet and Ashton Kutcher.

International recognition: 2006–2009[link]

Larter moved back to Los Angeles in 2005. Her first audition was for the NBC science fiction drama television series ''Heroes''. Larter played the characters of Niki Sanders, who suffered from DID, and Tracy Strauss on the show created by Tim Kring. Larter's initial character Niki Sanders, was a wife, mother, and a former internet stripper from Las Vegas who exhibits superhuman strength and alternate personalities who go by the names of Jessica and Gina. "Ali read for the part and just owned it from the second she walked in.", Kring said to ''The Chicago Tribune'', "It was a very impressive audition." The series collected a number of accolades in its first season including a People's Choice Award and nominations from the Primetime Emmy Awards and Golden Globes. As of the third season, Larter began to play a new character, Tracy Strauss, who possessed the ability to freeze objects; and later, turn her body into water. Larter ultimately decided against starring in the sequel to ''House on Haunted Hill'' stating, "I feel so lucky with the things I am doing right now, and that's so long ago for me."

In 2007, Larter starred in ''Marigold'' as the title character alongside Salman Khan. The movie, released in August 2007, was about an American actress (Larter) who goes to India and gets caught up in the eccentric world of Bollywood. Filming took place in North India and London, commencing in June 2004. In an interview with the BBC, Larter explained how she came about the role of Marigold and expressed why she wanted to star in the film: "I was living in (director) Willard Carroll's guesthouse when he gave me the script. He had written this really strong female character and for me, it was an opportunity to overcome my fear of singing and dancing because I have no professional training. Also, I would get to live in another country for couple of months. With ''Heroes'' I didn't think of it as that huge sci-fi series and it was the same for ''Marigold''. I really focused on the character and loved this journey she went on and the experiences she had. She was paid a seven-figure salary for the role of Marigold.

It was this year that she was cast alongside Milla Jovovich in the horror film ''Resident Evil: Extinction'', portraying the character of Claire Redfield. Her role sent her to Mexicali, Mexico for filming from May to late July, and required her hair to be dyed a light red. Larter explained her character Claire: "She became the leader of this convoy. She's incredibly strong, patient. I think she serves a role for everyone within this convoy, let it be a mother to someone, a buddy, a best friend." Larter also attended the 2007 Comic Con International, her second appearance at the event, to promote the movie. The movie was released in theaters on September 21, 2007 and made a total of $147 million worldwide. She appeared with Hayes McArthur in the comedy ''Homo Erectus'' the same year. She also appeared as Evelyn Garland in the biographical film ''Crazy'', based on guitarist Hank Garland. In an interview for ''Resident Evil: Extinction'', Larter had expressed interest in producing films in the future, saying, "I definitely have many ideas and different avenues that I want to take as my career goes on."

In April 2009, Larter starred opposite Beyoncé Knowles and Idris Elba in the Screen Gems-produced thriller ''Obsessed''. The film follows an office executive (Elba) whose marriage to Knowles' character is threatened by the aggressive interests of a co-worker, portrayed by Larter. In an interview with Glam, Larter said that she "was excited to get the chance to play a femme fatale. I love playing women that are dark and vulnerable and sort of filled with a little bit of crazy emotion." Derek Malcolm of ''The London Evening Standard'' said the movie was a "dim reworking of ''Fatal Attraction''" and noted, "Larter as the pathological minx is the best thing about it." ''Obsessed'' suffered critically but eventually opened at #1 in its opening weekend with $28 million and with a total domestic gross of $68 million, became Larter's second highest grossing film in North-America. It resulted in Larter's third Teen Choice Award nomination and an MTV Movie Award for Best Fight with Beyonce.

Recent and future roles: 2010–present[link]

Larter reprised her role as Claire Redfield in ''Resident Evil: Afterlife'', which was filmed in 3D and directed by Paul W.S. Anderson. She attended WonderCon and Comic Con to promote the movie. In an interview with JoBlo.com, Larter talked about her role in the film: "I guess people liked me as her...I'm excited that they brought me back. I love working with Milla, and it's also very excited to have Paul back directing this. To work with the man who really created this world and this vision was what excited me about joining this next installment." The movie was not well received by critics with the ''Philadelphia Inquirer'' stating the movie "lacks the humanity - interesting characters, funny one-liners - that made its predecessors enjoyable B-movies." The movie was an international success nonetheless, earning $296 million worldwide and becoming Larter's highest grossing picture to date. As of August 2011, Larter's films have grossed a total of $552 million domestically.

Recently, Larter appeared as the title character in a short film for Absolut Vodka entitled ''Lemon Drop''. Larter is linked to the role of Col. Virginia Lake in the big-screen adaptation of ''UFO'', which stars Joshua Jackson, and the role of Cheryl in a feature version of the Sundance short film, ''The Rambler'' directed by Calvin Reeder. While at WonderCon, Larter commented on ''Heroes''' possible fifth season. "I think that we'll be back...I think that there are still stories that need to be told." NBC announced the show's cancellation on May 14, 2010.

Larter is set to star in a new Fox TV series written by Josh Friedman entitled, ''The Asset''. She will play the lead role of Anna King, 'a globe-trotting “Human Intel Specialist,” working in the field under journalist cover.'

In the media[link]

Larter first appeared in the media when she portrayed the fictional character of Allegra Coleman on the November 1996 issue of ''Esquire''. The magazine, which billed Coleman as the movies' next dream girl, told of Allegra's relationship with David Schwimmer, how Quentin Tarantino broke up with Mira Sorvino to date her, and how Woody Allen overhauled a film to give her a starring role. When the magazine was published, ''Esquire'' received hundreds of phone calls about the non-existent Coleman and various talent agencies sought to represent her, even after the hoax was revealed. Larter herself received a considerable amount of attention after the cover; she received phone calls from morning TV shows and others for interviews. The ''Esquire'' cover led Larter to a role on ''Varsity Blues''. One particular scene where Larter's character, Darcy Sears, wears nothing but whipped cream to cover herself has become a media favorite. It has been referenced a number of times in the media including on MTV's ''Jersey Shore'' where one character refers to it as the "Varsity Blues outfit". The scene also made ''Maxim'' list of Earth-Shattering Nude Scenes at #9.

In 2002, Larter ranked #40 in ''Stuff'' magazine's "102 Sexiest Women in the World". She was listed as #49, #19 and #91 in ''FHM'' "100 Sexiest Women in the World" in 2007, 2008 and 2009 respectively. ''Maxim'' also ranked her #6 in their Hot 100 for 2007 and #92 in 2008. In 2008, AskMen.com featured her as #92 on the "100 Most Desirable Women in the World". Also ranking #2 on ''Maxim'' "Hottest Women of Horror Movies" list, Larter has been acknowledged as a "Scream Queen" by MSN due to her appearances in horror/thriller films. After the success of ''Heroes'', Larter appeared on ''People'' "Ten Best Dressed List" as "The Newcomer" in 2007. Victoria's Secret also acknowledged her in their list, naming her Sexiest Legs of 2008. In 2009, Larter was named ''Cosmopolitan'' magazine's Fun Fearless Female of the year at a ceremony held in Beverly Hills.

Larter promotes natural beauty. At the 2007 Emmy Awards, Larter styled her own hair as opposed to using her hair-styling team. This was part of the Dove Hair's "Real Beauty" challenge which required her to use Dove's new moisturizing shampoos, conditioners and treatments. She also states that she refuses to conform to the idea of the perfect Hollywood body. In an interview with ''Allure'', Larter revealed she once was asked by producers, by faxes sent out to her agent and manager, to lose weight. "I just remember sitting in my trailer hysterically crying from the embarrassment I felt about myself, my body - and that no one could talk to me directly."

Larter appeared in ''Glamour'' along with fellow actresses Rachel Bilson and Diane Lane in 2007. When asked if she still wishes she had the same body she had at 20 she replied, "No. I actually think I look better now because I feel so much better about myself now. And that's what's so exciting. As you get older, you get better…. Look at all these incredible women, like Vanessa Redgrave, who are still so beautiful. The reason is because they embrace who they are." She has appeared on the covers of ''Shape'', ''Cosmopolitan'', ''Allure'', ''Glamour'', ''Lucky'', ''InStyle'', ''Maxim'' and ''Entertainment Weekly''.

Personal life[link]

During her time as a model, Larter moved to Los Angeles to pursue acting. In 2002, she moved to New York for a period of three years. In an interview with Phillymag, Larter gave reason for the move: "I took some time off to define myself outside the pressures of the industry..Part of me really needed to know if this is what I wanted to do with the rest of my life." In January 2005, she moved to Los Angeles for a role in ''Heroes''.

In December 2007, Larter and her boyfriend of three years, Hayes MacArthur, were engaged to marry. They had met on the set of National Lampoon's ''Homo Erectus''. In a 2007 interview with ''Cosmo'', Larter said "I told my boyfriend after three weeks that I wanted to marry him and that we could do it tomorrow". On August 1, 2009, Larter married MacArthur in an intimate outdoor ceremony which took place at MacArthur's parent's estate in Kennebunk, Maine. During the ceremony, guests arrived via trolleys to the sounds of Irish music playing in honor of MacArthur's heritage, among the invited was Larter's close friend Amy Smart. The couple later purchased a three story home in the Hollywood Hills for $2.9 million. On July 20, 2010, Larter announced that she and MacArthur were expecting their first child and later, on the September 10th episode of ''Late Night with Jimmy Fallon'', announced that she was expecting a boy. Larter admitted that she and MacArthur left the country for Europe in an effort to hide the news of the pregnancy. Larter gave birth to the couple's son, Theodore Hayes MacArthur, on December 20, 2010.

In an interview with ''Cosmopolitan'', Larter "mused" on the state of her life, "I work on a TV show I love, I have the opportunity to do movies with actors I respect, and I'm in love with the man I want to spend the rest of my life with, who pushes me and excites me...There's this fighter in me that kind of needs to be put to rest a little bit. I don't need to be so tough to protect myself." While speaking to ''Vanity Fair'' at the premiere of her film ''Obsessed'', Larter spoke about her own obsessions, "I love to cook. I spend weekends reading cookbooks—it's really my relaxation." She has ranked ''Scarface'', ''The Bourne Identity'', ''Best in Show'', ''Blue Sky'' and ''Grey Gardens'' as her favorite films. In June 2010, Larter was one of thousands of delegates from 130 countries who participated in a United Nations conference, 'Women Deliver' in Washington D.C..

Filmography[link]

+ Film
! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1999		Darcy Sears
1999	''Giving It Up''	Amber	aka ''Casanova Falling''
1999	''Drive Me Crazy''	Dulcie
1999		Jenifer Jensen/Sara Wolfe
2000	''Final Destination''	Clear Rivers
2001	''Legally Blonde''	Brooke Taylor Windham
2001	''American Outlaws''
2001	''Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back''	Chrissy
2003	''Final Destination 2''	Clear Rivers
2004		Isobel Delano	aka ''3-Way''Also Associate Producer
2005	''A Lot Like Love''	Gina
2005		Olivia Averill
2007		Fardart	aka ''National Lampoon's The Stoned Age''
2007		Marigold Lexton
2007	''Resident Evil: Extinction''	Claire Redfield
2008		Evelyn Garland
2009		Lisa Sheridan
2010	''Resident Evil: Afterlife''	Claire Redfield

+ Television
! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1997	''Suddenly Susan''	Maddie	Episode: "The Ways and Means"
1997	''Chicago Sons''	Angela	Episode: "Beauty and the Butt"
1998	''Chicago Hope''	Samantha	Episode: "Memento Mori"
1998	''Just Shoot Me!''	Karey Burke	Episode: "College or Collagen"
1998	''Dawson's Creek''	Kristy Livingstone	Episodes: "The Dance" and "The Kiss"
2004		Herself	Episode: "Pilot"
2006–2010			Tracy Strauss	Series regular (53 Episodes)Gracie Allen Awards for Outstanding Supporting Actress – Drama SeriesTeen Choice Award for Choice Television Actress: Action AdventureNominated — Teen Choice Award for Choice Television Actress: Action AdventureNominated — Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress on Television
2012	''The Asset''	Anna King	Series Regular, Lead role

References[link]

Further reading[link]

External links[link]

IMG Models: Portfolio, Ali Larter, IMG Models page

Category:1976 births Category:Actors from New Jersey Category:People from Camden County, New Jersey Category:American film actors Category:American female models Category:American television actors Category:Living people Category:People from Cherry Hill, New Jersey

ar:ألي لارتر ca:Ali Larter cs:Ali Larter co:Ali Larter da:Ali Larter de:Ali Larter et:Ali Larter el:Άλι Λάρτερ es:Ali Larter fa:الی لارتر fr:Ali Larter hi:ऐली लार्टर hr:Ali Larter id:Ali Larter it:Ali Larter he:אלי לרטר kn:ಅಲಿ ಲಾರ್ಟರ್‌ sw:Ali Larter lv:Elija Lartera hu:Ali Larter nl:Ali Larter ja:アリ・ラーター no:Ali Larter pl:Ali Larter pt:Ali Larter ru:Лартер, Эли sr:Али Лартер fi:Ali Larter sv:Ali Larter te:అలీ లార్టర్ tr:Ali Larter

Name	Jim Carrey
Alt	A Caucasian with dark brown hair and brown eyes, in front of a black background. He is wearing a chequered blue blazer and black shirt
Birth name	James Eugene Carrey
Birth date	January 17, 1962
Birth place	Newmarket, Ontario, Canada
Occupation	Actor, comedian, producer
Years active	1979–present
Height	6' 2"
Spouse	Melissa Womer (1987–1995)Lauren Holly (1996–1997)
Partner	Jenny McCarthy (2005–2010)Anastasia Vitkina (2011–)
Children	1
Website	JimCarrey.com }}

James Eugene "Jim" Carrey (born January 17, 1962) is a Canadian-American actor, comedian and producer. Carrey has received four Golden Globe Award nominations, winning two. Known for his highly energetic, slapstick performances, he has been described as one of the biggest movie stars in Hollywood.

Carrey first gained recognition in 1990 after landing a recurring role in the sketch comedy ''In Living Color''. His first leading roles in major productions came with ''Ace Ventura: Pet Detective'' (1994), ''Dumb and Dumber'' (1994), ''The Mask'' (1994), and ''Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls'' (1995). In 1997, he gave a critically acclaimed performance in ''Liar Liar'', which earned him a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actor. He then starred in the critically acclaimed hits ''The Truman Show'' (1998) and ''Man on the Moon'' (1999), both garnering him two Golden Globe Awards for Best Actor.

In 2000, he gained further recognition for his portrayal of the The Grinch in ''How the Grinch Stole Christmas''. Three years later, Carrey starred in the major blockbuster film ''Bruce Almighty'' (2003). The following year he starred in ''Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind'' (2004), for which he received another Golden Globe nomination in addition to a BAFTA Award nomination. He then starred in popular productions ''Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events'' (2004), ''Fun with Dick and Jane'' (2005), ''Yes Man'' (2008), ''A Christmas Carol'' (2009), and ''Mr. Popper's Penguins'' (2011).

He is set to star in ''Burt Wonderstone'' in 2013 as Steve Gray, in addition to reprising his role as Lloyd Christmas in ''Dumb and Dumber 2'' in 2014.

Early life[link]

Carrey was born in Newmarket, Ontario, the son of Kathleen (née Oram), a homemaker, and Percy Carrey, a musician and accountant. He has three older siblings, John, Patricia, and Rita. He was raised Roman Catholic. His mother was of French, Irish, and Scottish descent and his father was of French Canadian ancestry (the family's original surname was ''Carré''). After his family moved to Scarborough, Ontario, when Carrey was 14 years old, he attended Blessed Trinity Catholic School, in North York, for two years, enrolled at Agincourt Collegiate Institute for another year, then briefly attended Northview Heights Secondary School for the remainder of his high school career (all together, he spent three years in Grade 10).

Carrey lived in Burlington, Ontario, for eight years and attended Aldershot High School, where he once opened for 1980s new wave band Spoons. In a ''Hamilton Spectator'' interview (February 2007), Carrey remarked, "If my career in show business hadn't panned out I would probably be working today in Hamilton, Ontario at the Dofasco steel mill." When looking across the Burlington Bay toward Hamilton, he could see the mills and thought, "Those were where the great jobs were." At this point, he already had experience working in a science testing facility in Richmond Hill, Ontario.

Career[link]

Early work[link]

While struggling to obtain work and making a name for himself, Carrey's father decided to help the young comedian put together a stage act, driving him to Toronto to debut at comedy club Yuk Yuk's. Unfortunately, Carrey's impersonations bombed and this gave him doubts about his capability as a professional entertainer. His family, at the time, were struggling financially meaning it was difficult for them to support Carrey's ambitions. Eventually, the families financial problems were soon dealt with and they moved into a new home. With a now more domestic stability, Carrey worked up the nerve to return to the stage with a more polished act. In a short period of time, Carrey went from open mic nights to regular paid shows; a growing reputation building in the process. One reviewer in the ''Toronto Star'' raved that Carrey was "a genuine star coming to life." Carrey was soon noticed by comedian Rodney Dangerfield, who signed the young comedian to open Dangerfield's tour performances. He eventually brought Carrey to Las Vegas, after which he decided to move to Hollywood. Carrey began performing at The Comedy Store and in 1982, appeared on the televised stand-up show ''An Evening at the Improv''. The following year, he debuted his act on ''The Tonight Show''.

Despite his increasing popularity as a stand-up comedian, Carrey turned his attention to the film and television industries, auditioning to be a cast member for the 1980–1981 season of NBC's ''Saturday Night Live.'' Carrey was not selected for the position (although he did host the show in May 1996, and again in January 2011 ). He was, after a period of time, cast in seveal low-budget films: ''Rubberface'' (1981) playing a struggling young comic, and ''Copper Mountain'' (1983) playing a sex-starved teen, the latter including his impersonation of Sammy Davis Jr. Since the film had a less than one hour runtime consisting largely of musical performances by Rita Coolidge and Ronnie Hawkins, it was not considered a full-length feature film.

In 1984, Carrey was soon cast, surprisingly, as the lead in the NBC sitcom ''The Duck Factory'', in which he played a quirky young artist alongside Jay Tarses. However, the show was unceremoniously cancelled during its first season. Despite the sudden cancellation, Carrey landed supporting roles in several low-budget films: ''Once Bitten'' (1985), ''Peggy Sue Got Married'' (1986), and ''The Dead Pool'' (1988). When Carrey returned to stand-up, he retired his old act vowing that he didn't want to be famous for imitating other people; "Some nights it was a melee, literally, where I'd be standing trying to defend myself for what I was doing. People would be screaming at me to do my old act, and getting actually violent and angry at me,". While many thought he was "crazy" for retiring his old act, others were increasingly interested in what Carrey was attempting to do, Judd Apatow in particular. The pair struck up a friendship and soon began writing material together.

Carrey continued to land small roles in film and television productions, which led to a friendship with fellow comedian Damon Wayans, who co-starred with Carrey as an extraterrestrial in 1989's ''Earth Girls Are Easy''. Damon soon introduced Carrey to his brother Keenen, who at the time, was creating a sketch comedy show known as ''In Living Color'', for the new Fox network. Carrey eventually landed a recurring role in the show which first aired on April 15, 1990. By the third season, Carrey was one of the few remaining original cast members and was ready to move onto bigger things, after agreeing to take on his first lead role in a Hollywood blockbuster film.

Rise to fame[link]

Carrey did not experience true stardom until landing the lead role in the slapstick comedy ''Ace Ventura: Pet Detective'' (1994), which premiered only months before ''In Living Color'' ended. Despite agreeing to play the title character, Carrey would only take the role if he was allowed to rewrite the script, mostly to suit his over-the-top visions. The film, while dismissed by most critics, was an international hit, and transformed Carrey into a bankable box-office star overnight. In that same year, he landed two lead roles in ''The Mask'' and ''Dumb and Dumber'', respectively. The Mask garnened him his first Golden Globe Award for Best Actor nomination, with Roger Ebert of the ''Chicago Sun-Times'' praising him for his "joyful performance". Well-received by critics, ''Dumb and Dumber'' was a commerical success, grossing over $270 million worldwide, and again boosting Carrey's fanbase.

In 1995, Carrey starred in the Joel Schumacher-directed superhero film ''Batman Forever'', in which Batman tries to stop Two-Face and the Riddler (played by Carrey) in their villainous scheme to drain information from all the brains in Gotham City. The feature received reasonable reviews upon release with most criticism aimed towards the movie's "blatant commercialism", as stated by Peter Travers. In that same year, Carrey reprised his role as Ace Ventura in ''Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls''. Like the original film, it was well-received by the public but heavily criticised by critics. However, it was a huge box-office success, earning $212 million worldwide in addition to breaking records, with a $40 million opening weekend. Carrey earned $20 million for his next film, ''The Cable Guy'' (1996). Directed by Ben Stiller, Carrey played a lonely, slightly menacing cable TV installer who infiltrates the life of one of his customers (played by Matthew Broderick). The film tested Carrey's boundaries of his tried and true "hapless, hyper, overconfident" characters that he is known for regularly playing. However, it did not fair well with critics, many reacting towards Carrey's change of tone to previous films. Despite the reviews, ''The Cable Guy'' grossed $102 million worldwide.

He soon bounced back in 1997 with the critically acclaimed comedy ''Liar Liar'', playing Fletcher Reede, an incredibly successful lawyer who has built his career on lying, regularly breaking promises that he makes to his son Max. Max soon makes a birthday wish that for just one day, his dad can't tell a lie. Carrey was praised for his performance, earning a second Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actor. Janet Maslin of ''The New York Times'' said, "Well into his tumultuous career, Mr. Carrey finally turns up in a straightforward comic vehicle, and the results are much wilder and funnier than this mundane material should have allowed."

Critical acclaim[link]

The following year he decided to take a pay cut to play the serious role of Truman Burbank in the satirical comedy-drama film ''The Truman Show'' (1998). The film was highly praised and brought Carrey further international acclaim, leading many to believe he would be nominated for an Oscar. However, he did pick up his first Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture Drama. ''The Truman Show'' was a commercial success also, earning $264 million worldwide against a budget of $60 million. According to a Film4 critic, the film, "...allows Carrey to edge away from broad comedy." but nonetheless called it "A hilarious and breathtakingly conceived satire..." That same year, Carrey appeared as a fictionalized version of himself on the final episode of Garry Shandling's ''The Larry Sanders Show'', in which he deliberately ripped into Shandling's character. In 1999, Carrey had the lead role in ''Man on the Moon.'' He portrayed comedian Andy Kaufman to critical acclaim, with many believing that Carrey would finally be nominated for Best Actor. He again received his second Golden Globe Award for the second consecutive year. Kenneth Turan of the ''Los Angeles Times'' commented on Carrey's performance stating, "A brilliant, almost terrifying impersonation."

In 2000, Carrey reteamed with the Farrelly Brothers, who had directed him in ''Dumb and Dumber'', in the comedy classic, ''Me, Myself & Irene'', a film that received mixed reviews but enjoyed box office success. Carrey played the role of state trooper Charlie Baileygates, who has multiple personalities and romances a woman portrayed by Renée Zellweger. That same year, Carrey starred in the second highest grossing Christmas film of all time, ''How the Grinch Stole Christmas'', playing the title character, for which he received praise and criticism. The film garnered him his third Golden Globe Award nomination in addition to countless other nominations and several wins.

For his next feature film, Carrey starred opposite Jennifer Aniston and Morgan Freeman in Tom Shadyac's international hit comedy ''Bruce Almighty'' (2003). Carrey played a TV newsman who unexpectedly receives God's omnipotent abilities when the deity decides to take a break. The film received mixed reviews upon release but despite this was a financial success, earning over $484 million worldwide, and going on to become the seventeenth highest-grossing live action comedy of all time. The film has since gained a cult following. In 2004, Carrey starred in ''Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind''. The film received overwhelming acclaim upon release; Carrey was highly praised for his portrayal of Joel Barish, in addition to his co-star Kate Winslet, who received an Oscar nomination. According to CNN's reviewer Paul Clinton, Carrey's performance was "the best, most mature and sharply focused performance ever." He received his fourth Golden Globe Award nomination, and was also nominated for his first BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role.

Carrey's next appearance was in the 2004 black comedy drama film ''Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events'', which was based on the popular children's novels of the same name. The film received a positive reception, with Desson Thomson from ''The Washington Post'' commenting on Carrey's approach to the character of Count Olaf, stating "Olaf is a humorless villain in the book. He's not amusing like Carrey at all. To which I would counter: If you can't let Carrey be Carrey, put someone boring and less expensive in the role. In his various disguises he's rubbery, inventive and improvisationally inspired. I particularly liked his passing imitation of a dinosaur." That same year, Carrey was inducted into the Canadian Walk of Fame. In 2005, Carrey starred in a remake of ''Fun with Dick and Jane'', playing Dick, a husband who becomes a bank robber after he loses his job. The film was dismissed by most critics but did manage to become a box office hit.

Continued success[link]

In 2007, Carrey reunited with Joel Schumacher, director of ''Batman Forever'', for ''The Number 23'', a psychological thriller co-starring Virginia Madsen and Danny Huston. In the film, Carrey plays a man who becomes obsessed with the number 23, after finding a book about a man with the same obsession. The film was lauded by critics and did not fare well at the box office. The following year Carrey provided his voice for Dr. Seuss' ''Horton Hears a Who!'' (2008). Carrey voiced the beloved elephant for the CGI-animated feature, which received overwhelmingly positive reviews and delivered family crowds en masse. The film was also a box office success raking in over $290 million worldwide. Later in the year, Carrey returned to live action comedy, starring opposite Zooey Deschanel and Bradley Cooper in ''Yes Man'' (2008). Carrey played down-and-out man, Carl Allen, who had gone nowhere in life, thanks to always saying no to everything, until he signs up for a self-help program that teaches him the power of saying yes. Despite reviews being mixed, Rene Rodriquez of ''The Miami Herald'' stated, "''Yes Man'' is fine as far as Jim Carrey comedies go, but it's even better as a love story that just happens to make you laugh."The film had a decent performance at the box office, earning $225 million worldwide.

Since 2009, Carrey's work has included a leading role in Glenn Ficarra and John Requa's ''I Love You Phillip Morris'', premiering in January 2009 at the Sundance Film Festival before receiving a wide release in February 2010. Carrey portrayed Steven Jay Russell, a con artist, imposter and multiple prison escapee who falls in love with his fellow inmate, Phillip Morris (played by Ewan McGregor). The film received largely positive reviews with Damon Wise of ''The Times'' giving the film four stars out of five, stating, "''I Love You Phillip Morris''" is an extraordinary film that serves as a reminder of just how good Carrey can be when he's not tied into a generic Hollywood crowd-pleaser. His comic timing remains as exquisite as ever."

For the first time in his career, Carrey portrayed multiple characters in Disney's 3D animated take on the classic Charles Dickens tale, ''A Christmas Carol'' (2009), voicing Ebenezer Scrooge and the Ghosts of Christmas Past, Present, and Future. Directed by Robert Zemeckis, the film also starred Robin Wright Penn, Bob Hoskins, Colin Firth, Gary Oldman and Cary Elwes. The film received reasonable reviews and was a financial success. In 2011, Carrey landed the lead role in ''Mr. Popper's Penguins'', playing Thomas "Tom" Popper Jr. a realtor who becomes the caretaker of a family of penguins. The film received a mixed reception upon release. He is set to star alongside former co-star Steve Carell in the Don Scardino-directed comedy film ''Burt Wonderstone'' (2013). Carrey will play Steve Gray, a dangerous street magician who overshadows Burt Wonderstone (played by Carell), a formerly successful magician whos partnership with another magician ends; Gray must convince Burts old partner to return to the act. Carrey entered negotiations for the role in October 2011. Principal photography began on January 10, 2012 and concluded on March 13. The film is currently in post-production.

On April 1, 2012 it was confirmed that Carrey, along with Jeff Daniels, would return for ''Dumb and Dumber 2''. Bobby and Peter Farrelly are scheduled to direct and write the script, with the movie going into production in September 2012.

As of April 2012, Carrey's films have grossed over $4.6 billion worldwide, unadjusted for inflation.

Personal life[link]

Relationships[link]

Carrey has been married twice. His first marriage was to former actress and Comedy Store waitress Melissa Womer, whom he married on March 28, 1987. The two divorced in 1995. A year later Carrey married his ''Dumb and Dumber'' co-star Lauren Holly, on September 23, 1996; the marriage lasted less than a year. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Carrey was involved in a series of relationships, including Laurie Holden, January Jones, and Anine Bing. In addition, Carrey had a much-publicized yet short-lived romance with his ''Me, Myself and Irene'' co-star Renée Zellweger, whom he dated, and at one point engaged, from 1999 to 2000.

Carrey met model and actress Jenny McCarthy in 2005 and made their relationship public in June 2006. In April 2010, the two ended their near five-year relationship. Despite the split and media circulations, McCarthy stated in October 2010 that, "Jim and I are still good friends".

Family[link]

Carrey has one child, a daughter named Jane Erin Carrey (born September 6, 1987 in Los Angeles County) from his first marriage. Carrey announced via his Twitter account on February 27, 2010, in Los Angeles that his daughter had given birth to her first child with musician husband Alex Santana. He announced that his grandson's name was Jackson Riley Santana.

Citizenship[link]

Carrey received U.S. citizenship in October 2004 and remains a dual citizen of both the United States and his native Canada.

Beliefs[link]

Carrey has been a critic of the scientific consensus that no evidence links the childhood MMR vaccination to the development of autism, and wrote an article questioning the merits of vaccination and vaccine research for the ''Huffington Post''. With former partner Jenny McCarthy, Carrey led a "Green Our Vaccines" march in Washington, D.C., to advocate for the removal of toxins from children's vaccines, out of a belief that children had received "too many vaccines, too soon, many of which are toxic".

Filmography[link]

Actor[link]

Title	Year	Role	Notes
''The All-Night Show''	1980	Additional voices	Television seriesVoice role
''The Sex and Violence Family Hour''	1983	Various
''Rubberface''	1981	Tony Moroni	Television movie
! scope="row"	1983	Bobby Todd
''All in Good Taste''	1983	Ralph Parker	Speechless role
! scope="row"	1984	Jerry Lewis Impersonator	Television seriesUncredited
! scope="row"	1984	Lane Bidlekoff
''The Duck Factory''	1984	Skip Tarkenton	Television series13 episodes
! scope="row"	1985	Mark Kendall
''Peggy Sue Got Married''	1986	Walter Getz
''The Dead Pool''	1988	Johnny Squares	Credited as James Carrey
''Earth Girls Are Easy''	1989	Wiploc
''Mike Hammer: Murder Takes All''	1989	Brad Peters	Television movie
! scope="row"	1989	Lounge Entertainer	Credited as James Carrey
''In Living Color''	1990–1994	Various	Television series ''[[High Strung">List of In Living Color episodes
''[[High Strung''	1991	Death	Uncredited
''Doing Time on Maple Drive''	1992	Tim Carter	Television movie
! scope="row"	1992	The Exterminator	Voice roleCredited as James Carrey
''Ace Ventura: Pet Detective''	1994	Ace Ventura
! scope="row"	1994		London Critics Circle Film Award for Newcomer of the Year (also for ''Ace Ventura: Pet Detective'')Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic PerformanceNominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Dance Sequence (shared with Cameron Diaz)
''Dumb and Dumber''	1994	Lloyd Christmas	MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic PerformanceMTV Movie Award for Best Kiss (shared with Lauren Holly)Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Duo (shared with Jeff Daniels)
''Batman Forever''	1995		Nominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Villain
''Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls''	1995	Ace Ventura
''The Cable Guy''	1996	Ernie "Chip" Douglas	Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie ActorMTV Movie Award for Best Comedic PerformanceMTV Movie Award for Best VillainNominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Fight (shared with Matthew Broderick)
''Liar Liar''	1997	Fletcher Reede	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor – ComedyMTV Movie Award for Best Comedic PerformanceNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated – Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor
''The Truman Show''	1998	Truman Burbank
''Simon Birch''	1998	Adult Joe Wenteworth
! scope="row"	1999	Andy Kaufman (also as Tony Clifton)	Boston Society of Film Critics Award for Best ActorGolden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or ComedyNominated – American Comedy Award for Funniest Actor (Leading Role)Nominated – Canadian Comedy Award for Film – Male PerformanceNominated – London Critics Circle Film Award for Actor of the Year (also for '' ''[[Me, Myself & Irene">How the Grinch Stole Christmas (film)
''[[Me, Myself & Irene''	2000	Charlie Baileygates/Hank Evans	Teen Choice Award for Wipeout Scene of the SummerNominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic PerformanceNominated – Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor – Comedy/Romance
! scope="row"	2000	The Grinch
! scope="row"	2001	Peter Appleton
! scope="row"	2003	The Driver	Short film
''Bruce Almighty''	2003	Bruce Nolan	Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie ActorMTV Movie Award, Mexico, for Most Divine Miracle in a MovieTeen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor – ComedyNominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic PerformanceNominated – MTV Movie Award for Best Kiss (shared with Jennifer Aniston)Nominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Chemistry (shared with Morgan Freeman)
''Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind''	2004	Joel Barish
''Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events''	2004	Count Olaf	People's Choice Award for Favorite Funny Male StarTeen Choice Award for Choice Movie Bad GuyNominated – MTV Movie Award for Best VillainNominated – Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie ActorNominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor: Action/Adventure/ThrillerNominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Liar
! scope="row"	2005	Dick Harper	Nominated – Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie ActorNominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Actor: Comedy
''The Number 23''	2007	Walter Sparrow / Fingerling
! scope="row"	2008		Voice roleNominated – Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Voice from an Animated Movie
! scope="row"	2008	Carl Allen	MTV Movie Award for Best Comedic PerformancePeople's Choice Award for Favorite Funny Male StarNominated – Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie ActorNominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor: ComedyNominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Hissy FitNominated – Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Rockstar Moment
''I Love You Phillip Morris''	2009	Steven Jay Russell
! scope="row"	2009	Ebenezer ScroogeGhost of Christmas PastGhost of Christmas PresentGhost of Christmas Yet to Come
''Under the Sea 3D	2009	Narrator
! scope="row"	2011	Finger Lakes guy	Television seriesGuest starEpisode: "Search Committee"Nominated – People's Choice Award for Favorite TV Guest Star
! scope="row"	2011	Tom Popper	Nominated – Kids' Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actor
''30 Rock''	2012	Dave Williams
''Burt Wonderstone''	2013	Steve Gray	Post-production
''Pierre Pierre''	2013	TBA	Pre-productionDecember 19, 2013 scheduled release date
! scope="row"	2014	Lloyd Christmas	In development
''Damn Yankees''	TBA	Mr. Applegate	In development
! scope="row"	TBA	Bruce Nolan	In development
''Ripley's Believe It or Not!''	TBA	Robert Ripley	In development

Producer[link]

! Title	! Year	Notes
''Jim Carrey: The Unnatural Act''	1991	Producer and writer
''Ace Ventura: Pet Detective''	1994	Writer (screenplay)
''Bruce Almighty''	2003	Producer
	2005	Producer

Other appearances[link]

! Year	! Song	! Album
1998	"I Am the Walrus"

Other accolades[link]

|- |2001 | People's Choice Awards | Favorite Motion Picture Star in a Comedy | |- |2003 | rowspan="2"| Teen Choice Awards | rowspan="2"| Choice Comedian | |- |2004 | |- |2004 | TV Land Awards | Big Star/Little Screen Favourite | |- |rowspan=2| 2005 | People's Choice Awards | Favorite Funny Male Star | |- | Teen Choice Awards | Choice Comedian | |- |2006 | MTV Movie Awards | MTV Generation Award | |- |2009 | People's Choice Awards | Favorite Funny Male Star | |- |2010 | People's Choice Awards | Favourite Comedy Star | |- |2012 | Kids' Choice Awards | Favorite Movie Actor | |}

References[link]

Further reading[link]

External links[link]

Category:1962 births Category:Living people Category:20th-century actors Category:20th-century writers Category:21st-century actors Category:Actors from Ontario Category:Comedians from Ontario Category:Best Drama Actor Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Best Musical or Comedy Actor Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Canadian comedians Category:Canadian expatriate actors in the United States Category:Canadian film actors Category:Canadian film producers Category:Canadian emigrants to the United States Category:Canadian impressionists (entertainers) Category:Canadian people of Scottish descent Category:Canadian stand-up comedians Category:Canadian television actors Category:Canadian television writers Category:Canadian voice actors Category:Franco-Ontarian people Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States Category:People from Burlington, Ontario Category:People from Newmarket, Ontario Category:People from Scarborough, Ontario Category:Anti-vaccination activists

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birth name	Kristen Jaymes Stewart
birth date	April 09, 1990
birth place	Los Angeles, California, U.S.
occupation	Actress
yearsactive	1999–present
website	kristenstewart.com
signature	Kristen Stewart signature.svg90px }}

Kristen Jaymes Stewart (born April 9, 1990) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Bella Swan in ''The Twilight Saga''. She has also starred in films including ''Panic Room'' (2002), ''Zathura'' (2005), ''In the Land of Women'' (2007), ''The Messengers'' (2007), ''Adventureland'' (2009) and ''The Runaways'' (2010). She will star in three upcoming films in 2012: ''Snow White & the Huntsman'', ''On the Road'' and ''The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2''.

Early life [link]

Stewart was born and raised in Los Angeles, California. Her father, John Stewart, is a stage manager and television producer who has worked for Fox. Her mother, Jules Mann-Stewart, is a script supervisor originally from Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia. She has an older brother, Cameron Stewart, and an adoptive brother, Taylor. Stewart attended school until the seventh grade and then continued her education by correspondence. She has since completed high school.

Career [link]

Early work[link]

Her whole family all worked behind the camera and Stewart thought she would become a writer/director, but never considered being an actor. "I never wanted to be the center of attention – I wasn't that 'I want to be famous, I want to be an actor' kid. I never sought out acting, but I always practiced my autograph because I love pens. I'd write my name on everything." Stewart's acting career began at the age of eight, after an agent saw her perform in her elementary school's Christmas play. After a year of auditioning, Stewart's first role was a small nonspeaking part in the film ''The Thirteenth Year''. Then, she had another part in the film ''The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas'' as the "ring toss girl". She subsequently appeared in the independent film ''The Safety of Objects'', in which she played the tomboy daughter of a troubled single mother (Patricia Clarkson). Stewart also played a tomboy in the film ''Panic Room'', playing the diabetic daughter of a divorced mother (Jodie Foster). She was nominated for a Young Artist Award for her performance.

After ''Panic Room''s success, Stewart was cast in another thriller, ''Cold Creek Manor'', playing the daughter of Dennis Quaid's and Sharon Stone's characters. She was again nominated for a Young Artist Award for her performance. The following year, she played the character Maya in ''Fierce People'', directed by Griffin Dunne. After that film, she received the lead role of Jess Solomon in the supernatural thriller film ''The Messengers''.

In 2007, Stewart appeared as teenager Lucy Hardwicke in ''In the Land of Women'', a romantic drama starring Meg Ryan and Adam Brody. The film, as well as Stewart's performance, received mixed reviews. That same year, Stewart appeared in Sean Penn's critically acclaimed adaptation film ''Into the Wild''. For her portrayal of Tracy – a teenage singer who has a crush on young adventurer Christopher McCandless – Stewart received mixed reviews. While Salon.com considered her work a "sturdy, sensitive performance", and the ''Chicago Tribune'' noted that she did "vividly well with a sketch of a role", ''Variety'''s critic Dennis Harvey said, "It's unclear whether Stewart means to be playing hippie-chick Tracy as vapid, or whether it just comes off that way." After ''Into the Wild'', Stewart had a cameo appearance in ''Jumper'' and also appeared in ''What Just Happened'', which was released in October 2008. She also co-stars in ''The Cake Eaters'' an independent film that has only been screened at film festivals.

2008-present[link]

On November 16, 2007, Summit Entertainment announced that Stewart would play Isabella "Bella" Swan in the film ''Twilight'', based on Stephenie Meyer's bestselling vampire romance novel of the same name. Stewart was on the set of ''Adventureland'' when director Catherine Hardwicke visited her for an informal screen test which "captivated" the director. She stars alongside Robert Pattinson, who plays Edward Cullen, her character's vampire boyfriend. The film began production in February 2008 and finished filming in May 2008. ''Twilight'' was released domestically on November 21, 2008. Her performance garnered mixed reviews with some critcs calling her "the ideal casting choice" and praising her for conveying "Bella's detachment, as well as her need to bust through it" while others criticized her acting for being "wooden" and lacking variety in her facial expressions which they described as "blank".

Stewart reappeared as Bella in the sequel, ''The Twilight Saga: New Moon'', once again receiving mixed reviews for her performance. Jordan Mintzer from ''Variety'' called Stewart "the heart and soul of the film" and praised her for giving "both weight and depth to dialogue...she makes Bella's psychological wounds seem like the real deal" Manohla Dargis from ''The New York Times'' said Stewart's "lonely-girl blues soon grow wearisome" throughout the film and Billy Goodykoontz from ''The Arizona Republic'' stated "Stewart is a huge disapointment... She sucks the energy right out of the film". She reprised this role in ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''.

At the 2010 82nd Annual Academy Awards, Stewart and ''Twilight'' co-star Taylor Lautner presented a tribute in honour of the horror movie genre.

In 2009, Stewart starred in ''The Yellow Handkerchief'', which debuted at the Sundance Film Festival and was released into theaters in 2010 by Samuel Goldwyn Films. She also starred alongside James Gandolfini in ''Welcome to the Rileys'', which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2010.

Stewart most recently portrayed rock star Joan Jett in ''The Runaways'', a biopic of the titular band from writer-director Floria Sigismondi. Stewart met with Jett over the 2008–2009 New Year to prepare for the role and ended up prerecording songs in a studio for the film. She received praise for her performance as the ''Metro Times'' wrote, "It turns out that Stewart is actually really good at capturing Jett's icy, tough-but-cool girl swagger, adding the needed touches of vulnerability that transform it into a pretty terrific performance... Stewart is a genuine rock star here." Also, A. O. Scott of ''The New York Times'' noted "Ms. Stewart, watchful and unassuming, gives the movie its spine and soul."

She has been cast in the role of Mary Lou in an upcoming film adaptation of Jack Kerouac's cult classic novel ''On the Road''. Shooting began in August 2010.

Stewart was listed as the highest earning female actress in Hollywood in the "2010's Top Hollywood Top Earners List" compiled by ''Vanity Fair''. Throughout 2010, Stewart earned an estimated $28.5 million for all her movie appearances.

''The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1'' was released on November 18, 2011. The film was successful in the box office making $283.5 million its opening weekend. Though the film received negative reviews, Stewart's performance was praised. Gabriel Chong called Stewart's performance "mesmerising" and said that she "makes [Bella's] every emotion keenly felt that runs the gamut from joy, trepidation, anxiety, distress and above all quiet and resolute determination" and the ''Village Voice'''s Dan Konis saying Stewart "beautifully underplays" the role. However, some critics found Pattinson and Stewart's chemistry lacking and said that the relationship came off like a "charade" onscreen or that none of the three leads were convincing in their roles.

In March 2011, it was confirmed that Stewart will be playing Snow White in the film ''Snow White and the Huntsman''. Filming began on August 15 and is set to be released on June 1, 2012.

On December 6, 2011, Stewart was named number one on Forbes magazine's list of Hollywood's Best Actors for the Buck.

She was named the new face of an unnamed Balenciaga perfume on January 13, 2012.

Personal life [link]

Stewart currently lives in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles. She has expressed a desire to live and work in Australia, saying, "I want to go to Sydney University in Australia. My mom's from there." Apart from acting, she is also interested in attending college in the near future, saying, "I want to go to college for literature. I want to be a writer. I mean, I love what I do, but it's not all I want to do – be a professional liar for the rest of my life." In Vanity Fair, Stewart admitted that she was in a relationship with Michael Angarano, her costar from ''Speak''.

Since meeting on the set of ''Twilight'', Stewart has been romantically linked to co-star Robert Pattinson. Though they have never explicitly confirmed a relationship, paparazzi photographs and eyewitness accounts have driven intense media and fan speculation and attention, making "Robsten" the subject of wide media coverage. In an interview with ''GQ'', when asked why she remained reluctant to talk about the relationship despite evidence of it being accessible online, Stewart replied, "Yeah, I know it is...So much of my life is so easily googled. I mean, it's like, come on guys, it's ''so'' obvious!" When asked why she refuses to talk about her life, Stewart replied "I'm selfish. I'm like, 'That's mine!' And I like to keep whatever is mine remaining that way. It's a funny little game to play and it's a slippery slope. I always say to myself I'm never going to give anything away because there's never any point or benefit for me. I guarantee whenever I get married or have a baby, everyone is going to want to know my kid's name and I'm not going to say it for ages."

Filmography [link]

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1999	''''	Girl waiting for drink	Uncredited
2000	''''	Ring toss girl	Uncredited
2001	''''	Sam Jennings	Limited release
2002	''Panic Room''	Sarah Altman
2003	''Cold Creek Manor''	Kristen Tilson
2004		Melinda Sordino
2004	''Catch That Kid''	Maddy
2004		Lila
2005		Maya Osbourne	Limited release
2005		Lisa
2007		Jessica "Jess" Solomon
2007	''In the Land of Women''	Lucy Hardwicke
2007	''''	Georgia	Limited release
2007		Tracy Tatro
2007		Young Robin	Short film
2008		Sophie	Cameo
2008	''What Just Happened''	Zoe
2008		Bella Swan
2009		Emily "Em" Lewin
2009	''''	Bella Swan
2010	''''	Martine	Limited release
2010	''''	Joan Jett
2010	''Welcome to the Rileys''	Mallory
2010	''''	Bella Swan
2011	''''	Bella Swan
2012	''Snow White & the Huntsman''	Snow White	Post-production
2012		Marylou	Post-production
2012	''''	Bella Swan	Post-production

Awards and nominations [link]

+ List of awards and nominations
Year	! Title of work	! Award	! Category	! Result	Notes
2002	''Panic Room''	Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Leading Young Actress
2003	''Cold Creek Manor''	Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Supporting Young Actress
2004		Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Supporting Young Actress
2007		Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Supporting Young Actress
2007		Screen Actors Guild Award	Outstanding performance by a cast in a motion picture		Entire Cast
2008		MTV Movie Award
2008		MTV Movie Award			Shared with Robert Pattinson
2008		Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress Drama
2008		Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Liplock		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2008		Scream Award	Best Fantasy Actress
2008		Scream Award	Best Ensemble Cast
2008		People's Choice Award	Favourite On-Screen Team		Shared with Robert Pattinson and Taylor Lautner
2008		People's Choice Award	Favourite Movie Actress
2009		Gotham Award	Best Ensemble cast		Entire cast
2009	''''	BAFTA Award
2009	''''		Cutest Couple		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2009	''''		Cutest Couple		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2009	''''	MTV Movie Award
2009	''''	MTV Movie Award			Shared with Robert Pattinson
2009	''''	Golden Raspberry Award			Shared with Robert Pattinson
2009	''''	Golden Raspberry Award	Worst Screen Couple		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2009	''''	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress Fantasy
2010	''The Runaways''	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress Drama
2010	''The Runaways''	MTV Movie Award	Best Kiss		Shared with Dakota Fanning
2010	''Welcome to the Rileys''	Milan International Film Festival	Best Actress
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''		Couple of the Year		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''		Fave Kiss		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Award	Fave Kiss		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Scream Award	Best Fantasy Actress
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	People's Choice Award	Favorite Movie Actress
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	People's Choice Award	Favourite On-Screen-Team		Shared with Taylor Lautner and Robert Pattinson
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	People's Choice Award	Favorite Movie Star Under 25
2010	''''	Golden Raspberry Award			Shared with the cast
2010		Golden Raspberry Award
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''		Movie Actress
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	MTV Movie Awards
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	MTV Movie Awards			Shared with Taylor Lautner
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	MTV Movie Awards	Best Kiss		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Teen Choice Awards	Choice Movie Actress: Sci-Fi/Fantasy
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Teen Choice Awards	Choice Movie: Liplock		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Teen Choice Awards	Choice Movie: Liplock		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2011		Golden Raspberry Award			Shared with the cast
2011		Golden Raspberry Award
2011		Golden Raspberry Award			Shared with Taylor Lautner and Robert Pattinson
2012			Movie Actress

References [link]

External links [link]

Category:1990 births Category:Actors from Los Angeles, California Category:American child actors Category:American film actors Category:American people of Australian descent Category:American television actors Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Living people Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors

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