Jodhaa Akbar
File:Jodhaaakbar.jpg
Directed by	Ashutosh Gowariker
Produced by	Ronnie Screwvala Ashutosh Gowariker
Screenplay by	Haider Ali Ashutosh Gowariker
Story by	Haider Ali Ashutosh Gowariker
Narrated by	Amitabh Bachchan
Starring	Hrithik Roshan Aishwarya Rai, credited as Aiswharya Rai Bachchan Sonu Sood Kulbhushan Kharbanda Ila Arun
Music by	A. R. Rahman
Cinematography	Kiran Deohans
Editing by	Ballu Saluja
Distributed by	UTV Motion Pictures Ashutosh Gowariker Productions
Release date(s)	February 15, 2008
Running time	213 minutes
Country	India
Language	Hindi / Urdu
Budget	40 crore (US$7.98 million)[1]
Box office	120 crore (US$23.94 million)[2]

Jodhaa-Akbar is an Indian epic historical drama film released on 15 February 2008.^[3] It is directed and produced by Ashutosh Gowariker, the director of the Academy Award-nominated Lagaan (2001). It stars Hrithik Roshan and Aishwarya Rai in lead roles. This film also marks the debut of newcomer Abir Abrar. Extensive research went into the making of this film which began shooting at Karjat.^[4]

The film centers around the romance between the Muslim Mughal Emperor Akbar the Great, played by Hrithik Roshan, and the Hindu Rajput Princess Jodhabai who becomes his wife, played by Aishwarya Rai. The music is composed by acclaimed music composer A. R. Rahman. The soundtrack of the movie was released on 19 January 2008.^[5] The film has won the Audience Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the São Paulo International Film Festival,^[6] two awards at the Golden Minbar International Film Festival,^[7] seven Star Screen Awards and five Filmfare Awards, in addition to two nominations at the 3rd Asian Film Awards.^[8]

Plot[link]

Jodhaa Akbar is a sixteenth century love story about a political marriage of convenience between a Mughal emperor, Akbar, and a Rajput princess, Jodhaa.

Political success knew no bounds for Emperor Akbar (Hrithik Roshan). After having secured the Hindu Kush, his empire extends from Afghanistan to the Bay of Bengal, and from the Himalayas to the Narmada River. Through a shrewd blend of diplomacy, intimidation and brute force, Akbar won the allegiance of the Rajputs. This allegiance was not universal. Maharana Pratap and many other Rajputs always considered Akbar as a foreign invader. Maharana Pratap also banned inter marriages between Rajputs who had given their daughters to the Mughals and the ones who did not.

But little did Akbar know that when he married Jodhaa (Aishwarya Rai), a fiery Rajput princess, in order to further strengthen his relations with the Rajputs, he would in turn be embarking upon a new journey – the journey of true love.

The daughter of King Bharmal of Amer, Jodhaa resented being reduced to a mere political pawn in this marriage of alliance, and Akbar’s biggest challenge now lies in winning the love of Jodhaa – a love hidden deep below resentment and extreme prejudice.^[9]

Historical Accuracy[link]

Many of the events portrayed in the movie are based on real events. Certain Rajput groups claimed Jodhaa was married to Akbar's son, Jahangir, not Akbar. They also demanded a public apology from Ashutosh Gowariker. The film was not released in 30 cinema theatres in Rajasthan.^[10]

Several historians claim that Akbar's Rajput wife was never known as "Jodha Bai" during the Mughal period. According to Professor Shirin Moosvi, a historian of Aligarh Muslim University, neither the Akbarnama (a biography of Akbar commissioned by Akbar himself), nor any historical text from the period refer to her as Jodha Bai.^[11] Moosvi notes that the name "Jodha Bai" was first used to refer to Akbar's wife in the 18th and 19th centuries in historical writings.^[11] In Tuzk-e-Jahangiri, she is referred as Mariam Zamani.^[11]

According to historian Imtiaz Ahmad, the director of the Khuda Baksh Oriental Public Library in Patna, the name "Jodha" was used for Akbar's wife for the first time by Lieutenant-Colonel James Tod, in his book Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan. According to Ahmad, Tod was not a professional historian.^[12] N R Farooqi claims that Jodha Bai was not the name of Akbar's Rajput queen; it was the name of Jahangir's Rajput wife.^[13]

Ashutosh Gowarikar's reaction was,

Protests and legal issues[link]

The portrayal of ethnic Rajput people in the movie was criticized by members of the Rajput community as misleading, politically motivated historical revisionism that minimized Rajput history and scapegoated them as evil.^[14] The community's protests against the film in some states, and it has been banned by the states of Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana and Uttarakhand. However, the producer moved the Supreme Court by challenging it.^[15][16] Later, the Supreme Court of India lifted the ban on screening the film for now in Uttar Pradesh and some towns of Uttarakhand and Haryana. The court scrapped the Uttar Pradesh government ban as well as similar orders by authorities in Dehradun in Uttarkhand and in Ambala, Sonepat and Rewari in Haryana.^[17]

Cast[link]

• Hrithik Roshan as Jalaluddin Mohammad Akbar
• Aishwarya Rai as Rajkumari Jodhaa
• Sonu Sood as Rajkumar Sujamal
• Kulbhushan Kharbanda as Raja Bharmal
• Suhasini Mulay as Rani Padmawati
• Raza Murad as Shamsuddin Atka Khan
• Poonam Sinha as Mallika Hamida Banu Begum
• Rajesh Vivek as Chugtai Khan
• Pramod Moutho as Todar Mal
• Ila Arun as Maham Anga
• Surendra Pal as Rana Uday Singh
• Visshwa Badola as Saadir Adaasi
• Prathmesh Mehta as Chandrabhan Singh
• Shaji Chaudhary as Adham Khan
• Manava Naik as Neelakshi
• Disha Vakani as Madhavi
• Abeer Abrar as Bakshi Banu Begum
• Indrajit Sarkar as Maheshdas / Birbal
• Aman Dhaliwal as Rajkumar Ratan Singh
• Nikitin Dheer as Sharifuddin Hussain
• Pradeep Sharma as Sheikh Mubarak
• Balraj as Raja Balraj Singh
• Sudhanshu Hakku as Raja Shimalgarh
• Digvijay Purohit as Rajkumar Bhagwan Das
• Yuri Suri as Bairam Khan
• Sayed Badrul Hasan as Mullah Do Pyaaza
• Dilnaaz Irani as Salima
• Tejpal Singh Rawat as Ni'Mat
• Shehzor Ali as Raja Hemu
• Ulhas Barve as Raja Mankeshwar
• Jassi Singh as Raja Bhadra
• Raju Pandit as Raja Bhaati
• Bharat Kumar as Raja Chauhan
• Rajiv Sehgal as Raja Viraat
• Gurmmeet Singh as Raja Shundi

Crew[link]

• Story: Haidar Ali
• Screenplay: Haidar Ali & Ashutosh Gowariker
• Dialogues: K.P.Saxena
• Make-up Artist: Jamie Wilson
• Production Design: Nitin Chandrakant Desai
• Visual Effects: Pankaj Khandpur (Tata Elxsi - Visual Computing Labs)
• Chief Assistant Director: Karan Malhotra
• Cinematography: Kiran Deohan

Production[link]

Ashutosh Gowariker hired a research team of historians and scholars from New Delhi, Aligarh, Lucknow, Agra and Jaipur to guide him on this film and help him keep things historically accurate. He clarified that the name of the film remains Jodhaa-Akbar, and not Akbar-Jodhaa as reported by sections of the media. Over 80 elephants, 100 horses and 55 camels were used in the movie. Name Of Main Titled “Azeem O Shan, Shahenshah”, the song featured about one thousand dancers in traditional costumes, wielding swords and shields at a grand location in Karjat. The budget of the film was initially Rs. 37 cr., which shot up to Rs. 40 crore. The film was supposed to be released in June–December 2007, but was delayed due to unknown issues.^[18]

The first television promo was aired on 9 December 2007.

The movie used much gold and kundan jewellery made by Tanishq, including 2 kg of gold for the sword case alone.^[19]

Reception[link]

Box office[link]

In North America, the film grossed $1.3 million in the first weekend and went on to gross $3,440,718 in its lifetime. The film had a slow start at the Indian box office. The movie netted Rs 24.75 crores in the first week^[20] with good word of mouth publicity, it went on to cross the coveted Rs 100 crore Nett milestone by the fourth weekend.^[21] The movie has been estimated to end its theatrical run in India with total business of 120 crores Nett,^[22] without being released in Rajasthan due to political unrest.

Critical reception[link]

The film received a critics rating of 69 on Metacritics^[23], and Rotten Tomatoes has given the film a 78% rating with 7 fresh and 2 rotten reviews.^[24]

Anil Sinanan of The Times gave the film four out of five stars stating, "Oscar-nominated Lagaan director Ashutosh Gowariker’s sumptuous period epic has all the ingredients of a Cecil B. DeMille entertainer [...] The film ends with a passionate plea for tolerance of all religions in India, a resonant message for modern India."^[25] Rajeev Masand of CNN-IBN also gave the film four out of five stars commenting: "I've never felt this way about any other film, but sitting there in my seat watching Jodhaa Akbar, I felt privileged as a moviegoer. Privileged that such a film had been made, and privileged that it had been made in our times so we can form our own opinions of the film rather than adopt the opinions of previous generations, which we invariably must when looking at older classics."^[26] Tajpal Rathore of the BBC gave the film four out of five stars, noting that, "although the 16th-century love story upon which its based might be long forgotten, this endearing treatment sears into the memory through sheer size and scale alone [...] Don't let the running time put you off watching this unashamedly epic tale."^[27] Nikhat Kazmi of The Times of India gave the film three stars, stating that, "Jodhaa Akbar works only because its heart is in the right place. The film talks about a love that transcends all barriers -- gender, religion, culture -- and dreams of an India where secularism and tolerance are the twin towers that should never ever crumble. And Akbar and Jodhaa are the alluring exponents of this dream." Kazmi also suggests that "if you are willing to shed off all the trappings of history, only then will Jodhaa Akbar work for you."^[28] While suggesting that the film is "too long" and that it is "not a history lesson," Rachel Saltz of The New York Times also notes, "in choosing to tell the tale of this emperor and a Muslim-Hindu love story, Mr. Gowariker makes a clear point. As Akbar says, 'Respect for each other’s religion will enrich Hindustan.' "^[29]

Soundtrack[link]

Professional ratings
Review scores
Source	Rating
Rediff	[30]
Planet Bollywood	[31]

The acclaimed score and soundtrack of the film was composed by A. R. Rahman, making his third collaboration with Ashutosh Gowariker after Lagaan, and Swades. The official soundtrack contains five songs and two instrumentals. Rahman scored the prewritten lyrics by Javed Akhtar, except for the songs "Khwaja Mere Khwaja" and "Azeem-O-Shaan Shahenshah". The former was written by Kashif while the latter was by Javed Akthar himself. The music was released on 9 January 2008 and the CDs were out by 18 January. The soundtrack album was met with very positive reviews, with most of the reviewers hailing the album a magnum opus by Rahman. Aakash Gandhi of Planet Bollywood reviewed the album saying "Jodhaa Akbar compositions are magical, spectacular, invigorating and above all a wholesome experience you rarely get in soundtracks these days. When you cannot pick a favorite you know the benchmark has been set consistently high. Indian music has just added another soundtrack to its eternal treasure. I am sure you will join me in congratulating A.R. Rahman on his latest Magnus Opus [sic]."^[31]

Music awards[link]

The film emerged out as the biggest winner in many music awards.^[32] However in the best music direction category, it lost many mainly to Jaane Tu... Ya Jaane Na, composed by Rahman himself. The fine background score won the film many awards including Filmfare Best Background Score and IIFA Best Background Score. The soundtrack was also nominated in numerous categories.

Mirchi Music Awards^[32]

• Song Of The Year - "Jashn-e-Bahara"
• Male Vocalist Of The Year - Javed Ali for "Jashn-e-Bahara"
• Female Vocalist Of The Year - Bela Shende for "Manmohana"
• Lyricist Of The Year - Javed Akhtar for "Jashn-e-Bahara"
• Technical Award For Film Background Score - A. R. Rahman
• Technical Award For Song Mixing - H. Sridhar
• Technical Award For Programming and Arranging - TR Krishna Chetan for "Jashn-e-Bahara"

Others

• Filmfare Best Background Score - A. R. Rahman
• Filmfare Best Lyricist Award - Javed Akthar
• Star Screen Award for Best Background Music - A. R. Rahman
• Star Screen Award for Best Choreographer - Raju Khan for "Khwaja Mere Khwaja"
• IIFA Best Music Director Award - A. R. Rahman
• IIFA Best Lyricist Award - Javed Akthar
• IIFA Best Male Playback Award - Javed Ali for "Jashn-e-Bahara"
• IIFA Best Background Score - A. R. Rahman
• V Shantaram Award for Best Music - A. R. Rahman

[edit] Awards^[8]

Filmfare Awards[link]

• Won Best Film - Ronnie Screwvala and Ashutosh Gowariker
• Won Best Director - Ashutosh Gowariker
• Won Best Actor - Hrithik Roshan
• Won Best Lyricist - Javed Akhtar
• Won Best Background Score - A. R. Rahman

Screen Awards[link]

Won[link]

• Best Film - Ronnie Screwvala and Ashutosh Gowariker
• Best Actor - Hrithik Roshan
• Best Background Music - A. R. Rahman
• Best Choreographer - Raju Khan for "Khwaja Mere Khwaja"
• Best Director - Ashutosh Gowarikar
• Best Actress (Popular Choice) - Aishwarya Rai

Nominated[link]

• Best Actress - Aishwarya Rai
• Best Action - Ravi Dewan
• Best Actor in a Negative Role - Ila Arun
• Best Art Direction - Nitin Chandrakant Desai
• Best Lyrics - Kashif for "Khwaja Mere Khwaja"
• Best Music - A. R. Rahman
• Best Male Playback Singer - A. R. Rahman for "Khwaja Mere Khwaja"
• Best Special Effects - Pankaj Khandpur

Stardust Awards[link]

• Won, Star of the year - Hrithik Roshan
• Won, Dream director - Ashutosh Gowariker
• Won, The New Menace - Nikitin Dheer^[33]

IIFA Awards[link]

• Best Picture
• Best Director
• Best Actor
• Best Music Director
• Best Lyricist
• Best Male Playback
• Best Art Direction
• Best Background Score
• Best Costume Design
• Best Editing
• Best Makeup

V Shantaram Awards[link]

^[34]

• Won, Best Director Bronze Award - Ashutosh Gowariker
• Won, Best Actress - Aishwarya Rai
• Won, Best Music - A. R. Rahman

International[link]

Golden Minbar International Film Festival of Muslim Cinema (Kazan, Russia)^[7]

• Won, Best Film (Grand Prix) - Ashutosh Gowarikar
• Won, Best Actor Award - Hrithik Roshan

32nd São Paulo International Film Festival (Brazil, South America)^[6]

• Won, Audience Award for Best Foreign Language Film - Ashutosh Gowarikar

Asia Pacific Screen Awards

• Nominated, Achievement in Cinematography - Kiiran Deohans

3rd Asian Film Awards

• Nominated, Best Production Designer - Nitin Chandrakant Desai
• Nominated, Best Composer - A. R. Rahman

References[link]

External links[link]

• Official Website: Jodhaa Akbar
• Jodhaa Akbar at the Internet Movie Database
• Jodhaa Akbar at AllRovi
• Jodhaa Akbar at Box Office Mojo

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Ar Rahman may refer to:

• Ar-Rahman, sura of the Qur'an
• A. R. Rahman, Indian musician and composer

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

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Syed Sibt-e-Hasan (Urdu: سید سبط حسن) (July 31, 1916 – April 20, 1986) was an eminent scholar, journalist and activist of Pakistan. He is regarded as the pioneer of Socialism and Marxism in Pakistan, as well as the moving spirit behind the Progressive Writers Association.

Life[link]

Sibte Hasan was born on July 31, 1916 in Ambari Azamgarh Uttar Pradesh, India. He graduated from Aligarh University. For higher studies he went to Columbia University, USA. In 1942, Sibte Hasan joined the Communist Party of India. After partition of India, he migrated to Pakistan. He also served as editors of noted journals including; Naya Adab and Lail-o-Nehar. He died of heart attack on April 20, 1986 in New Delhi while returning from a conference in India. He was buried in Karachi.

Work[link]

• Musa se Marx tak
• Shehr-e-Nigaraan
• Mazi ke Mazar
• Pakistan main Tehzeeb ka Irtaqa
• Inqilaab-e-Iran
• Naveed-e-Fikr
• Afkaar-e-Taza
• Adab aur Roshan Khayali
• Sukhan dar Sukhan
• The Battle of Ideas in Pakistan
• Bhagat Singh Our Us Ky Sathi
• Marx Our Mashriq

External links[link]

• The Daily Dawn remembers Sibte Hasan