Kim Novak
Novak in 2004
Born	Marilyn Pauline Novak (1933-02-13) February 13, 1933 (age 79) Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Residence	Eagle Point, Oregon, U.S.
Years active	1954–1991
Spouse	Richard Johnson (1965–66) Dr. Robert Malloy (1976–present)

Kim Novak (born Marilyn Pauline Novak, February 13, 1933) is an American film and television actress.

Her first film roles were in Pushover and Phffft! (both 1954), and her breakthrough role was in Picnic (1955). Over the next three years, she appeared in The Man with the Golden Arm (1955), The Eddy Duchin Story (1956), Pal Joey (1957), and Bell, Book and Candle (1958). She is best known for her role as Judy Barton in the 1958 Alfred Hitchcock film Vertigo. Novak's career went into decline afterwards, and she appeared in films sporadically until 1991. Now retired, she lives with her veterinarian husband on a ranch in Eagle Point, Oregon.

Early life[link]

Novak was born in Chicago, Illinois, to Joseph and Blanche (née Kral) Novak.^[1] Both her parents were of Czech descent.^[2][3][4] Her father worked as a dispatcher on the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad^[5] and both her parents had been teachers.^[6][7]

While attending David Glasgow Farragut High School,^[8] she won a scholarship to the Art Institute of Chicago.^[9] After leaving school, she began a career modeling teen fashions for a local department store. She later received a scholarship at a modeling academy and continued to model part-time. She worked as an elevator operator, a sales clerk and a dental assistant.

After a job touring the country as a spokesman for a refrigerator manufacturer, "Miss Deepfreeze", Novak moved to Los Angeles, where she continued to find work as a model.^[10]

Career[link]

This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2011)

Early career[link]

Novak began her career in a brief, uncredited role as a model in The French Line (1954) starring Jane Russell. Eventually, she was seen by a Columbia Pictures talent agent and filmed a screen test. Novak was signed to a six-month contract, and the studio changed her first name to Kim, thus becoming Kim Novak.

Later the same year, Novak had a supporting role as Lona McLane in Pushover opposite Fred MacMurray and Philip Carey. Filmed in film noir style Pushover was only a moderate success. She then played the femme fatale role of Janis in Phffft! opposite Judy Holliday, Jack Lemmon, and Jack Carson. Soon after, she had her first starring role in 5 Against the House (1955), a crime drama.

Novak singing "My Funny Valentine" in Pal Joey

Mainstream success[link]

After playing Madge Owens in Picnic (1955) opposite William Holden, Novak won a Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer and for World Film Favorite. She was also nominated for the BAFTA Film Award for Best Foreign Actress. That same year she played Molly in The Man with the Golden Arm with Frank Sinatra.

In 1956, she played opposite Tyrone Power in The Eddy Duchin Story. In 1957, she worked with Sinatra again in Pal Joey, which also starred Rita Hayworth, and played the title role in Jeanne Eagels with Jeff Chandler. She was on the cover of the July 29, 1957, issue of Time Magazine.

In 1958, Novak starred in the Alfred Hitchcock-directed thriller Vertigo, playing the roles of a brunette shopgirl, Judy Barton, and a blonde woman named Madeleine Elster. Critic David Shipman thought Novak's performance "little more than competent",^[11] while David Thomson described it as "one of the major female performances in the cinema".^[12]

That same year, she again starred alongside Stewart in Bell, Book and Candle, a comedy tale of modern-day witchcraft. The following year, she appeared in Middle of the Night, and, in 1960, she co-starred with Kirk Douglas in Strangers When We Meet also featuring Walter Matthau and Ernie Kovacs.

Career decline[link]

Kim Novak in a ca 1962 publicity photo.

In 1962, Novak produced her own movie in association with Filmways Productions, Boys' Night Out, in which she starred with James Garner and Tony Randall. She was paired with Jack Lemmon for a third and final time that year in a mystery-comedy, The Notorious Landlady.

In 1964, she played the vulgar waitress Mildred Rogers in a remake of W. Somerset Maugham's drama Of Human Bondage opposite Laurence Harvey, and replaced the late Marilyn Monroe as barmaid Polly, "The Pistol" in Billy Wilder's Kiss Me, Stupid with Ray Walston and Dean Martin. After playing the title role in The Amorous Adventures of Moll Flanders (1965) with Richard Johnson, Novak took a break from Hollywood acting. She continued to act, although infrequently, taking fewer roles as she began to prefer personal activities over acting^[13][14]

Her comeback came in a dual role as a young actress, Elsa Brinkmann, and an early-day movie goddess who was murdered, Lylah Clare, in producer-director Robert Aldrich's The Legend of Lylah Clare (1968) with Peter Finch and Ernest Borgnine for MGM. After playing a forger, Sister Lyda Kebanov, in The Great Bank Robbery (1969) opposite Zero Mostel, Clint Walker, and Claude Akins, she stayed away from the screen for another four years. She then played the role of Auriol Pageant in the horror anthology film Tales That Witness Madness (1973), which also starred Joan Collins. She starred as veteran showgirl Gloria Joyce in the made-for-TV movie The Third Girl From the Left (1973), and played Eva in Satan's Triangle (1975). She was featured in the 1977 western The White Buffalo with Charles Bronson, and in 1979 she played Helga in Just a Gigolo co-starring David Bowie.

In 1980, Novak played Lola Brewster in the mystery/thriller The Mirror Crack'd, based on the story by Agatha Christie and co-starring Angela Lansbury, Tony Curtis, Rock Hudson and Elizabeth Taylor. She and Taylor portrayed rival actresses. She made occasional television appearances over the years. Her performances on TV during this time included the TV movie Malibu, in 1983; the pilot episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents in 1985; and in 19 episodes of Falcon Crest, playing "Kit Marlowe". She co-starred with Ben Kingsley in the 1990 film The Children.

In 1991, she played the role of a terminally ill writer with a mysterious past in the thriller Liebestraum opposite Kevin Anderson and Bill Pullman. However, owing to battles with the director over how to play the role, her scenes were cut. Novak later admitted in a 2004 interview that the film was a mistake:

I got so burned out on that picture that I wanted to leave the business, but then if you wait long enough you think, "Oh, I miss certain things." The making of a movie is wonderful. What's difficult is afterward when you have to go around and try to sell it. The actual filming, when you have a good script—which isn't often—nothing beats it.^[15]

Retirement[link]

In an interview in 2007, Novak said that she would consider returning to the screen "if the right thing came along."^[16]

Novak appeared for a question-and-answer session about her career on July 30, 2010, at the Egyptian Theatre in Los Angeles, where the American Cinematheque hosted a tribute to her coinciding with the August 3 DVD release of "The Kim Novak Collection."^[17]

Novak will participate in the Motion Picture Academy Tribute to the “Hitchcock Blondes” (2011).^[18]

Honors[link]

For her contribution to motion pictures, Novak was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, at 6332 Hollywood Boulevard.

In 1995, Novak was ranked 92nd by Empire Magazine on a list of the 100 sexiest stars in film history. In 1955, she won the Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer-Female. In 1957, she won another Golden Globe–for World Favorite female actress. In 1997, Novak won an Honorary Golden Bear at the 47th Berlin International Film Festival.^[19]

In 2005, British fashion designer Alexander McQueen named his first It bag the Novak.^[20]

Novak is scheduled to participate in a handprint and footprint ceremony at Grauman's Chinese Theatre in April 2012.^[21]

Personal life[link]

Novak has been married to veterinarian Dr. Robert Malloy (born 1940) since March 12, 1976. The couple reside on a ranch where they raise horses and llamas. Novak has two stepchildren.^[22]

Novak was previously married to English actor Richard Johnson from March 15, 1965, to April 23, 1966. The two have remained friends . Novak dated Sammy Davis, Jr. and Ramfis Trujillo, in the late 1950s and actor Michael Brandon in the 1970s.^[23][24] She was engaged to director Richard Quine in the early 1960s.^[25]

On July 24, 2000, her home in Eagle Point, Oregon, was partially destroyed by fire.^[26] Novak lost scripts, several paintings, and a computer containing the only draft of her unfinished autobiography.^[26] Of the loss Novak said:

I take it personally as a sign that maybe I’m not supposed to write my biography; maybe the past is supposed to stay buried. It made me realize then what was really valuable. That’s the day I wrote a gratitude list. We’re safe and our animals are safe.^[26]

In December 2001, her home in Oregon was robbed of more than US$200,000 worth of firearms and tools. Three men were arrested and charged with burglary, theft, and criminal conspiracy.^[27]

In 2006, Novak was injured in a horseback riding accident. She suffered a punctured lung, broken ribs, and nerve damage but made a full recovery within a year.^[16]

Novak is an artist who paints in watercolor and oil as well as creating sculpture, stained glass design, poetry, and photography.^[28]

In October 2010, it was reported that Novak had been diagnosed with breast cancer according to her manager, Sue Cameron. Cameron also noted that Novak is "undergoing treatment" and that "her doctors say she is in fantastic physical shape and should recover very well."^[29]

Filmography[link]

See also[link]

Controversy about Novak's "The Artist" ad in Variety

References[link]

Further reading[link]

• Barnett, Vincent L. (2007). "Dualling for Judy: The concept of the double in the films of Kim Novak". Film History (Indiana University Press) 19 (1): 86–101. ISSN 0892-2160. 

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Kim Novak

• Kim Novak at the Internet Movie Database
• Kim Novak at the TCM Movie Database
• Photographs and literature

Look up kim in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Kim may refer to:

Names[link]

• Kim (given name)
• Kim (surname)
• Kim (Korean name)
• Kim, Vietnamese form of Jin (surname)

Places[link]

• Kim, Colorado, United States
• Camp Kim, Seoul, South Korea, a military facility
• Kimberley Airport, IATA code KIM
• Kim, a town near Surat, Gujarat, India

Media[link]

• Kim (novel), by Rudyard Kipling
• Kim (film), a 1950 American adventure film
• Kim (TV film), a 1984 British film
• "Kim" (song), by Eminem

Other uses[link]

• Kim (food)
• Kim people
• Kim language
• Tropical Storm Kim (disambiguation), eight tropical Pacific Ocean cyclones
• KIM-1, a microcomputer
• Kingdom Identity Ministries, a Christian organization

See also[link]

• Kim's Game
• Kem (disambiguation)
• Khim
• KIMM (disambiguation)
• Kimberly (disambiguation)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

William Holden
Holden in a publicity photo, 1954
Born	William Franklin Beedle, Jr. (1918-04-17)April 17, 1918 O'Fallon, Illinois, U.S.
Died	November 12, 1981(1981-11-12) (aged 63) Santa Monica, California, U.S.
Cause of death	Exsanguination following a fall
Occupation	Actor, wildlife conservationist
Years active	1938–81
Spouse	Brenda Marshall (m. 1941–1971) «start: (1941)–end+1: (1972)»"Marriage: Brenda Marshall to William Holden" Location: (linkback:http://en-wiki.db.wn.com/index.php/William_Holden) (divorced)

William Holden (April 17, 1918 – November 12, 1981) was an American actor. Holden won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1954 and the Emmy Award for Best Actor in 1974. One of the most popular and well known movie stars of all time, Holden was one of the biggest box office draws of the 1950s, he was named one of the "Top 10 Stars of the Year" six times (1954–1958, 1961) and appeared on the American Film Institute's AFI's 100 Years…100 Stars list as number 25. He starred in some of the most popular and critically acclaimed films of all time, including such blockbusters as Sunset Boulevard, The Bridge on the River Kwai, The Wild Bunch, The Towering Inferno, and Network.

Early life and career[link]

With George Raft in Invisible Stripes

Holden was born William Franklin Beedle, Jr. in O'Fallon, Illinois, the son of Mary Blanche (née Ball), a schoolteacher, and William Franklin Beedle, Sr., an industrial chemist.^[1] He had two younger brothers, Robert and Richard. Holden's paternal great-grandmother, Rebecca Westfield, was born in England in 1817, while some of his mother's ancestors settled in Virginia's Lancaster County after emigrating from England in the 17th century.^[1] Growing up, Holden was raised in the Methodist church, and while some sources cite him as a Congregationalist, Holden identified himself as a Methodist throughout his life. His family moved to South Pasadena when he was three.

After graduating from South Pasadena High School, Holden attended Pasadena Junior College, where he became involved in local radio plays. Contrary to legend and theatre publicity, he did not study at the Pasadena Playhouse, nor was he discovered in a play there. Rather, he was spotted by a talent scout from Paramount Pictures in 1937 while playing the part of an 80-year-old man, Marie Curie's father-in-law, in a play at the Playbox, a separate and private theatre owned by Pasadena Playhouse director Gilmor Brown. His first film role was in Prison Farm the following year.

Hollywood's "Golden Boy"[link]

This unreferenced section requires citations to ensure verifiability.

Holden's first starring role was in Golden Boy (1939), in which he played a violinist turned boxer. That was followed by the role of George Gibbs in the film adaptation of Our Town.^[2]

With Gloria Swanson in Sunset Boulevard

After Columbia Pictures picked up half of his contract, he alternated between starring in several minor pictures for Paramount and Columbia before serving as a 2nd lieutenant in the United States Army Air Forces during World War II, where he acted in training films for the First Motion Picture Unit. Beginning in 1950, his career took off when Billy Wilder tapped him to star as the down-at-the-heels screenwriter Joe Gillis, who is taken in by faded silent-screen star Norma Desmond (Gloria Swanson) in Sunset Boulevard, for which Holden earned his first Best Actor Oscar nomination.^[3]

Following this breakthrough film, his career quickly grew in stature as he played a series of roles that combined good looks with cynical detachment, including a prisoner-of-war entrepreneur in Stalag 17 (1953), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor, a pressured young engineer/family man in Executive Suite (1954), an acerbic stage director in The Country Girl (1954), a conflicted jet pilot in the Korean War film The Bridges at Toko-Ri (1954), a carefree playboy in Sabrina (1954), a wandering college football star in Picnic (1955), a dashing war correspondent in Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing (1955), his most widely recognized role as an ill-fated prisoner in The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), a World War II tug boat captain in The Key (1958), and an American Civil War military surgeon in The Horse Soldiers (1959), which also starred John Wayne.

With Audrey Hepburn in Sabrina (1954)

He also played a number of sunnier roles in light comedy, such as the handsome architect pursuing virginal Maggie McNamara in the controversial Production Code-breaking The Moon is Blue (1953), as Judy Holliday's tutor in Born Yesterday (1950), as a playwright captivated by Ginger Rogers' character in Forever Female (1953) and as Humphrey Bogart's younger brother, a playboy, in Sabrina (1954), which also starred Audrey Hepburn. In 1954, Holden was featured on the cover of Life.

With the pinnacle of his career in 1957 with The Bridge on the River Kwai, Holden starred in his share of forgettable^{[neutrality is disputed]} films during the 1960s such as Paris When It Sizzles (1964), also co-starring Audrey Hepburn, which he was forced to do by studio contracts. By the mid-1960s, his roles were having less critical and commercial impact.

Later career[link]

1960s

In 1969, Holden made a comeback when he starred in director Sam Peckinpah's graphically violent Western The Wild Bunch, winning much acclaim. Also in 1969, Holden starred in director Terence Young's family film L'Arbre de Noel, co-starring Italian actress Virna Lisi, based on the novel of the same name by Michel Bataille. This film was originally released in the United States as The Christmas Tree and on home video as When Wolves Cry.^[4]

Five years later, he starred with Paul Newman and Steve McQueen in The Towering Inferno, which became a box office smash and the highest grossing film of Holden's career. He was also praised for his Oscar-nominated leading performance in Sidney Lumet's classic Network (1976), a prescient examination of television written by Paddy Chayevsky, playing an older version of the character type he had become iconic for in the 1950s, only now more jaded and aware of his own mortality.

In 1974 Holden won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for his portrayal of a cynical, tough veteran LAPD street cop in the television film The Blue Knight, based upon the best-selling Joseph Wambaugh novel of the same name.

In 1980, Holden appeared in The Earthling with popular child actor Ricky Schroder, playing a loner dying of cancer who goes to the Australian outback to end his days, meets a young boy whose parents have been killed in an accident, and teaches him how to survive. Schroder later named one of his sons Holden.

During his last years, Holden also appeared in When Time Ran Out and Blake Edwards's S.O.B.. His second Irwin Allen film, When Time Ran Out was a critical and commercial failure and heavily disliked by Holden himself; his final film, S.O.B., directed by Blake Edwards, was more successful and a Golden Globe-nominated picture.

Personal life[link]

Brenda Marshall, 1952

Holden was married to actress Ardis Ankerson (stage name Brenda Marshall) from 1941 until their divorce (after many long separations) in 1971. They had two sons, Peter Westfield (born November 17, 1943) and Scott Porter (born May 2, 1946; died January 21, 2005, San Diego, California). He also adopted his wife's daughter, Virginia, from her first marriage.

Holden was best man at the marriage of his friend Ronald Reagan to Nancy Davis in 1952; however, he never involved himself in politics.

In 1954, during the filming of Sabrina, Holden and Audrey Hepburn became romantically involved, and she hoped to marry him and have children. She broke off the relationship when Holden revealed that he had undergone a vasectomy.^[5]

Holden met French actress Capucine in the early 1960s. They starred in the films The Lion (1962) and The 7th Dawn (1964). They began a two-year affair; after it ended, she and Holden remained friends until Holden's death in 1981.^[6]

In 1964, Holden was again paired up with Hepburn in Paris When It Sizzles, but behind the scenes, the set was plagued with problems. Holden tried without success to rekindle a romance with the now-married Hepburn. That, combined with his alcoholism, made the situation a challenge for the production.

Holden maintained a home in Switzerland and also spent much of his time working for wildlife conservation as a managing partner in an animal preserve in Africa. His Mount Kenya Safari Club in Nanyuki (founded 1959) became a mecca for the international jet set.^[7]

While in Italy, Holden killed another driver in a 1966 drunk driving incident. He received an eight-month suspended sentence for vehicular manslaughter.^[8]

In 1972, Holden began a nine-year relationship with actress Stefanie Powers which sparked her interest in animal welfare.^[9] After his death, Powers set up the William Holden Wildlife Foundation at Holden's Mount Kenya Game Ranch.^[10]

His younger brother, Robert W. "Bobbie" Beedle, was a Navy fighter pilot who was killed in action in World War II, on January 5, 1945. After The Bridges at Toko-Ri (1955) was released, Beedle was remembered by his squadron-mates as having been very much like Holden's character, Lt. Harry Brubaker.

Death[link]

On November 12, 1981, according to the Los Angeles County Coroner's autopsy report, Holden was alone and intoxicated in his apartment in Santa Monica, California, when he slipped on a throw rug, severely lacerated his forehead on a teak bedside table, and bled to death. Evidence suggests he was conscious for at least half an hour after the fall. It is probable that he may not have realized the severity of the injury and did not summon aid, or was unable to call for help. His body was found four days later.^[7]

Holden had dictated in his will that the Neptune Society cremate him and scatter his ashes in the Pacific Ocean. No funeral or memorial service was held, per his wishes.

Holden is the actor "who had died while he was drinking," mentioned by Suzanne Vega in the 1987 song, "Tom's Diner".^[11]

In 2007, his stepdaughter, Virginia Holden Gaines, wrote a book, Growing Up with William Holden: A Memoir, reliving her memories of life with her father.

Filmography[link]

Features[link]

Short subjects[link]

• Reconnaissance Pilot (1943)
• Wings Up (1943)
• You Can Change the World (1951)

Awards and nominations[link]

Academy Award[link]

• Best Actor Nomination for Sunset Boulevard (1951)
• Best Actor Award for Stalag 17 (1954)
• Best Actor Nomination for Network (1977)

BAFTA Award[link]

• Best Foreign Actor Nomination for Picnic (1955)
• Best Foreign Actor Nomination for Network (1976)

Emmy Award[link]

• Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor – Miniseries or a Movie Award for The Blue Knight (1974)

References[link]

Notes[link]

Bibliography[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: William Holden

• William Holden at the Internet Movie Database
• William Holden at the TCM Movie Database
• Profile @ Turner Classic Movies
• William Holden Wildlife Foundation

Rita Hayworth
1945
Born	Margarita Carmen Cansino (1918-10-17)October 17, 1918 Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
Died	May 14, 1987(1987-05-14) (aged 68) New York City, New York, U.S.
Nationality	American
Occupation	Actress, dancer
Years active	1934–1972
Spouse	Edward C. Judson (1937–1942) Orson Welles (1943–1948) Prince Aly Khan (1949–1953) Dick Haymes (1953–1955) James Hill (1958–1961)
Children	Rebecca Welles (b. December 17, 1944) Yasmin Aga Khan (b. December 28, 1949)
Parents	Eduardo Cansino, Sr. Volga Hayworth
Relatives	Eduardo Cansino, Jr. (brother, deceased)
Signature

Rita Hayworth (born Margarita Carmen Cansino; October 17, 1918 – May 14, 1987) was an American dancer and film actress who garnered fame during the 1940s as one of the era's top stars. Appearing first as Rita Cansino, she agreed to change her name to Rita Hayworth and her hair color to dark red to attract a greater range in roles. Her appeal led to her being featured on the cover of Life magazine five times, beginning in 1940.^[1]

The first dancer featured on film as a partner of both the stars Fred Astaire and Gene Kelly, Hayworth appeared in a total of 61 films over 37 years.^[2] She is listed by the American Film Institute as one of the 100 Greatest Stars of All Time.

Early life[link]

Hayworth was born in Brooklyn, New York in 1918 as Margarita Carmen Cansino, the oldest child of two dancers, Eduardo Cansino, Sr., from Castilleja de la Cuesta, a little town near Seville, Spain,^[3] and Volga Hayworth, an American of Irish-English descent who had performed with the Ziegfeld Follies.^[4] The Catholic couple had married in 1917. They also had two sons: Eduardo, Jr. and Vernon.^[4][5]

Margarita's father wanted her to become a professional dancer, while her mother hoped she would become an actress.^[6] Her paternal grandfather Antonio Cansino was renowned as a Spanish classical dancer; he popularized the bolero and his dancing school in Madrid was world famous.^[7] Rita later recalled,

From the time I was three and a half ... as soon as I could stand on my own feet, I was given dance lessons."^[8] I didn't like it very much ... but I didn't have the courage to tell my father, so I began taking the lessons. Rehearse, rehearse, rehearse, that was my girlhood.^[9]

She attended dance classes every day for a few years in a Carnegie Hall complex, where she was taught by her uncle Angel Cansino. She performed publicly from the age of six.^[4] In 1926 at the age of eight, she was featured in La Fiesta, a short film for Warner Bros..^[4]

In 1927, her father took the family to Hollywood. He believed that dancing could be featured in the movies and that his family could be part of it. He established his own dance studio,^[4] where he taught such Hollywood luminaries as James Cagney and Jean Harlow.^{[citation needed]} During the Great Depression, he lost all his investments, as musicals were no longer in vogue and commercial interest in his dancing classes waned. He partnered with his daughter to form "The Dancing Cansinos". Since under California law, Margarita was too young to work in nightclubs and bars, her father took her with him to work across the border in Tijuana, Mexico. In the early 1930s, it was a popular tourist spot for people from Los Angeles.^[4] Due to her working, Cansino never graduated from high school; she completed ninth grade at Hamilton High in Los Angeles.

At the age of 16, Cansino took a bit part in the film Cruz Diablo (1934), which led to another in In Caliente (1935) with the Mexican actress Dolores del Río.^[4] Cansino danced with her father in such nightspots as the Foreign and the Caliente clubs. Winfield Sheehan, the head of the Fox Film Corporation, saw her dancing at the Caliente Club and quickly arranged for Hayworth to do a screen test a week later. Impressed by her screen persona, Sheehan signed her for a short-term six-month contract at Fox, under the name Rita Cansino, the first of name changes for her film career.

Film career[link]

Publicity photo 1940

During her time at Fox, Cansino appeared in five pictures, in non-notable roles. By the end of her six-month contract, Fox had merged into 20th Century Fox, with Darryl F. Zanuck serving as the executive producer. Dismissing Sheehan's interest in Cansino, Zanuck did not renew her contract. Feeling that Cansino had screen potential, the salesman and promoter Edward C. Judson, whom she would marry in 1936, got her the lead roles in several independent films and arranged a screen test with Columbia Pictures. The studio head Harry Cohn signed Cansino to a long-term contract, and cast her in small roles in Columbia features.

Often cast as the exotic foreigner, Cansino appeared in several roles in 1935: in Dante's Inferno, with Spencer Tracy; and Paddy O'Day, in which she played a Russian dancer. She was an Argentinian in Under the Pampas Moon and an Egyptian beauty in Charlie Chan in Egypt. In 1936 she took her first starring role as a "Latin type" in Human Cargo.^[4]

Cohn argued that Cansino's image was too Mediterranean, which reduced her opportunities to being cast in "exotic" roles, more limited in number. With Cohn and Judson's encouragement, Hayworth changed her hair color to dark red and her name to Rita Hayworth. She had electrolysis to raise her hairline and broaden the appearance of her forehead. By using her mother's maiden name, she led people to see her British-American ancestry and became a classic "American" pin-up.^[4]

In 1937, Hayworth appeared in five minor Columbia pictures and three minor independent movies. The following year, she appeared in five Columbia B films. In 1939, Cohn pressured director Howard Hawks to use Hayworth for a small but important role as a man-trap in the aviation drama Only Angels Have Wings, in which she played opposite Cary Grant and Jean Arthur.^[4] With this film's box-office success, fan mail for Hayworth began pouring into Columbia's publicity department. Cohn began to see Hayworth as his first and official new star. The studio never officially had stars under contract, except for Jean Arthur, who was trying to break with it.

with Fred Astaire in You Were Never Lovelier (1942)

Cohn began to build Hayworth up in 1940, in features such as Music in My Heart, The Lady in Question, and Angels Over Broadway. That year she was first featured in a Life magazine photo.^[1] He loaned Hayworth to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer to appear in Susan and God, opposite Joan Crawford. While on loan to Warner Brothers, Hayworth appeared as the second female lead in The Strawberry Blonde (1941), opposite James Cagney and Olivia de Havilland.^[4] As the film was a big box-office success, Hayworth's popularity rose; she immediately became one of Hollywood's hottest properties. So impressed was Warner Brothers that they tried to buy Hayworth's contract from Columbia, but Cohn refused to release her.

Her success led to a supporting role in Blood and Sand (1941), opposite Tyrone Power and Linda Darnell, with Fox, the studio that had dropped her six years before. In one of her most notable screen roles, Hayworth played Doña Sol des Muire, the first of many screen sirens. This was another box-office hit.

She returned in triumph to Columbia Pictures and was cast in the musical You'll Never Get Rich (1941) opposite Fred Astaire, in one of the highest-budgeted films Columbia had ever made.^[4] So successful was the picture that the following year, the studio produced and released another Astaire-Hayworth picture, You Were Never Lovelier.^[4] In 1942, Hayworth also appeared in two other pictures, Tales of Manhattan and My Gal Sal.

During this period, Hayworth was featured in an August 1941 Life Magazine photo, in which she lounged seductively in a black-lace negligee.^[1] When the U.S. joined World War II in December 1941, the photo made Hayworth one of the top two "pin-up girls" of the war years; the other was the blonde Betty Grable. In 2002, the satin nightgown Hayworth wore for the photo sold for $26,888.^[10]

Peak years at Columbia[link]

In 1944, Hayworth made one of her best-known films, the Technicolor musical Cover Girl (1944), with Gene Kelly.^[4] The film established her as Columbia's top star of the 1940s. For three consecutive years, starting in 1944, Hayworth was named one of the top movie box office attractions in the world. She was adept in ballet, tap, ballroom, and Spanish routines.

Cohn continued to showcase Hayworth's dance talents; she was the first dancer featured on film to partner with both Fred Astaire and Gene Kelly. Columbia featured her in the Technicolor films: Tonight and Every Night (1945), with Lee Bowman; and Down to Earth (1947), with Larry Parks.

Her erotic appeal was most noted in Charles Vidor's black and white film noir Gilda (1946), with Glenn Ford, which caused censors some consternation. The role, in which Hayworth in black satin performed a legendary one-glove striptease, made her into a cultural icon as a femme fatale.^[4] While her film was still in release, extensive publicity linked her to a widely covered nuclear bomb test in the South Pacific.

Numerous reporters from hundreds of papers across the country were covering preparations in 1946 at Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean's Marshall Islands for testing of the first nuclear bomb after World War II. The United States had been the first nation to use nuclear bombs, against the civilian population of Japan. Reporters publicized that young scientists had put the name of "Gilda" and Hayworth's image on the bomb, alluding to her bombshell status as a film star. Coverage varied widely at the time, but the story stuck that her image had been put on the bomb, and was repeated in her 1987 obituary in The New York Times, which readers relied on as fact.^[1] Her husband Orson Welles issued a public statement at the time, saying they would be pleased only if this were the last bomb test ever.^[1] Hayworth was furious to be used in this way.

Her biographer Barbara Leaming had a later interview with Welles in which he recalled,

"... the angriest was when she found out that they’d put her on the atom bomb. Rita almost went insane, she was so angry. She was so shocked by it! Rita was the kind of person that kind of thing would hurt more than anybody. She wanted to go to Washington to hold a press conference, but Harry Cohn (president of Columbia Pictures) wouldn’t let her because it would be unpatriotic.”^[11]

Recent research documents that only the name "Gilda" was put on the bomb; no image of Hayworth was used.^[1][4]

From the trailer for Lady from Shanghai (1947)

A year later, Hayworth's performance in The Lady from Shanghai (1947), directed by her husband Orson Welles, was critically acclaimed.^[4] The film's failure at the box office was attributed in part to Welles' having had Hayworth's famous red hair cut short and dyed platinum blonde for the role. Cohn had not been consulted and was furious that Hayworth's image was changed.

Also in 1947, Hayworth was featured in a Life cover story by Winthrop Sargeant, which led to her nickname as "The "Love Goddess".^[12] This term was adopted and used later as the title of a biopic and of a biography about her. In a 1980s interview, Hayworth said, "Everybody else does nude scenes, but I don't. I never made nude movies. I didn't have to do that. I danced. I was provocative, I guess, in some things. But I was not completely exposed."^[13]

Her next film, The Loves of Carmen (1948), again with Glenn Ford, was the first film co-produced by Columbia and Hayworth's own production company, The Beckworth Corporation (named for her and Orson's daughter Rebecca); it was Columbia's biggest moneymaker for that year. She received a percentage of the profits from this and all her subsequent films until 1955, when she dissolved Beckworth to pay off debts she owed to Columbia.^{[citation needed]}

Struggles with Columbia Pictures[link]

Hayworth had a strained relationship with Columbia Pictures for many years. In 1943, she was suspended without pay for nine weeks because she refused to appear in Once Upon a Time.^[14] (During this period in Hollywood, actors did not get to choose their films; they were on salary rather than receiving a fixed amount per picture.)

In 1947, Hayworth's new contract with Columbia provided a salary of US$250,000 plus 50% of film profits.^[15] In 1951 Columbia alleged it had $800,000 invested in properties for her, including the film she walked out on that year. She left Hollywood to marry Prince Aly Khan. She was suspended for failing to report to work on the film Affair in Trinidad.

In 1952 she refused to report for work because "she objected to the script."^[16] In 1955, she sued to get out of a contract with the studio, but asked for her $150,000 salary, alleging filming failed to start when agreed.^[17] She said,

I was in Switzerland when they sent me the script for Affair in Trinidad and I threw it across the room. But I did the picture, and Pal Joey too. I came back to Columbia because I wanted to work and first, see, I had to finish that goddamn contract, which is how Harry Cohn owned me!"^[18] "Harry Cohn thought of me as one of the people he could exploit," said Hayworth, "and make a lot of money. And I did make a lot of money for him, but not much for me.^[19]

Years after her film career had ended and Cohn was dead, Hayworth still resented her treatment by him and Columbia.

I used to have to punch a time clock at Columbia ... Every day of my life. That's what it was like. I was under exclusive contract, like they owned me ... I think he had my dressing room bugged ... He was very possessive of me as a person, he didn't want me to go out with anybody, have any friends. No one can live that way. So I fought him ... You want to know what I think of Harry Cohn? He was a monster.^[20]

Rita Hayworth and Glenn Ford in Gilda (1946)

Hayworth resented that the studio failed to train her to sing or to encourage her to learn how to sing.^[21] Although she appeared to sing in many of her films, she was usually dubbed. As the public did not know the secret, she was embarrassed to be asked to sing by troops at USO shows.^[22] She complained that:

I wanted to study singing, but Harry Cohn kept saying, 'Who needs it?' and the studio wouldn't pay for it. They had me so intimidated that I couldn't have done it anyway. They always said, 'Oh, no, we can't let you do it. There's no time for that; it has to be done right now!' I was under contract, and that was it.^[23]

Cohn had a reputation as a taskmaster, but he had his own criticisms of Hayworth. He had invested heavily in her before she began a reckless affair with the married Aly Khan, and it could have caused a backlash against her career and Columbia's success. For instance, an article in the British The People called for a boycott of Hayworth's films. It said, "Hollywood must be told its already tarnished reputation will sink to rock bottom if it restores this reckless woman to a place among its stars."^[24] Cohn expressed his frustration with Hayworth's judgment in an interview with Time magazine.

Hayworth might be worth ten million dollars today easily! She owned 25% of the profits with her own company and had hit after hit and she had to get married and had to get out of the business and took a suspension because she fell in love again! In five years, at two pictures a year, at 25%! Think of what she could have made! But she didn't make pictures! She took two or three suspensions! She got mixed up with different characters! Unpredictable!^[25]

Later career[link]

After the collapse of her marriage to Aly Khan in 1951, Hayworth returned to the United States with great fanfare, where she starred in a string of hit films: Affair in Trinidad (1952) with favorite co-star Glenn Ford; and in 1953 had two films released: Salome, with Charles Laughton and Stewart Granger; and Miss Sadie Thompson, with José Ferrer and Aldo Ray. Her performance in the latter film won critical acclaim.

She was off the big screen for another four years, due mainly to a tumultuous marriage to the singer Dick Haymes. After making Fire Down Below (1957) with Robert Mitchum and Jack Lemmon, and her last musical Pal Joey (1957) with Frank Sinatra and Kim Novak, Hayworth finally left Columbia.

She received good reviews for her acting in Separate Tables (1958), with Burt Lancaster and David Niven, and The Story on Page One (1960) with Anthony Franciosa. She continued working throughout the 1960s. In 1962, her planned Broadway debut in Step on a Crack was cancelled for undisclosed health reasons.^[26] She continued to act in films until the early 1970s. She made a well-publicized 1971 television appearance on The Carol Burnett Show. Her last film was The Wrath of God (1972).

Beauty[link]

Hayworth was a top glamour girl in the 1940s, a pin-up girl for military servicemen and a beauty icon for women. At 5'6" (168 cm) and 120 lb (55 kgs)^[27] she was tall enough for her height to be a concern for dancing partners such as Fred Astaire. Hayworth got her big motion picture break because she was willing to change her hair color, whereas other actresses were not. She reportedly changed her hair color eight times in eight movies.^[28]

In 1949 Hayworth's lips were voted best in the world by the Artists League of America.^[29] She had a modeling contract with Max Factor to promote its Tru-Color lipsticks and Pan-Stik make-up.

Barbara Leaming writes in her biography of Hayworth, If This Was Happiness: A Biography of Rita Hayworth (1989) that, due to her fondness for alcohol and the stresses of her life, Hayworth aged before her time. Re-appearing in New York in 1956 to begin work on her first film in three years, Hayworth was described by the following: "despite the artfully applied make-up and shoulder-length red hair, there was no concealing the ravages of drink and stress. Deep lines had crept around her eyes and mouth, and she appeared worn, exhausted, older than her thirty-eight years." ^[30] Leaming wrote that during the filming of Fire Down Below, Hayworth heard a comment that she should hurry up as "no amount of time was going to make her look any younger."^{[citation needed]} In San Francisco the following year filming Pal Joey, she was signing autographs when she heard a fan say, "She looks so old."^{[citation needed]}

Personal life[link]

In 1941 Hayworth said she was the antithesis of the characters she played. "I naturally am very shy ... and I suffer from an inferiority complex."^[31] She once complained that "[M]en fell in love with Gilda, but they wake up with me." In 1970 she remarked that the only films she could watch without laughing were the dance musicals she made with Fred Astaire. "I guess the only jewels of my life," Hayworth said, "were the pictures I made with Fred Astaire."^[32]

Hayworth's two younger brothers, Vernon and Eduardo Cansino, Jr., both served in World War II. Vernon left the U.S. Army in 1946 with several medals, including the Purple Heart, and later married Susan Vail, a dancer. Eduardo Cansino, Jr. followed Hayworth into acting; he was also under contract with Columbia Pictures. In 1950 he made his screen debut in Magic Carpet.

Marriage and family[link]

Hayworth was married and divorced five times. She said, "Basically, I am a good, gentle person, but I am attracted to mean personalities."^[33]

• Edward Charles Judson (1937–1942): When Hayworth was 18, she married Edward Judson in 1937, an oilman turned promoter who was more than twice her age. They eloped in Las Vegas. He had played a major role in launching her acting career. A shrewd businessman, he was domineering and became her manager for months before he proposed. "He helped me with my career," Hayworth conceded after they divorced, "and helped himself to my money." She alleged Judson compelled her to transfer considerable property to him and promise to pay him $12,000 under threats that he would do her "great bodily harm."^[34] She filed for divorce from him on February 24, 1942, with the complaint of cruelty. She noted to the press that his work took him to Oklahoma and Texas, while she lived and worked in Hollywood. Judson was as old as her father, who was enraged by the marriage, which caused a rift between Hayworth and her parents until the divorce. Judson had failed to tell Hayworth before they married that he had previously been twice married.^[35] When she left him, she literally had no money. She asked her friend, Hermes Pan, if she could eat at his home.

• Orson Welles (1943–1948): Hayworth married Orson Welles on September 7, 1943. None of her colleagues knew about the planned marriage (before a judge) until she announced it the day before they got married. For the civil ceremony, she wore a beige suit, ruffled white blouse, and a veil. A few hours after they got married, they returned to work at the studio. They had a daughter, Rebecca (1944–2004). They struggled in their marriage. Hayworth said that Welles did not want to be tied down:

During the entire period of our marriage he showed no interest in establishing a home. When I suggested purchasing a home, he told me he didn't want the responsibility. Mr. Welles told me he never should have married in the first place; that it interfered with his freedom in his way of life.^[36]

• Prince Aly Khan (1949–1953): In 1948 she left her film career to marry Prince Aly Khan a son of Sultan Mahommed Shah, Aga Khan III, the leader of the Ismaili sect of Shia Islam. They were married on May 27, 1949. Her bridal trousseau was Dior's New Look.

Aly Khan and his family were heavily involved in horse racing, owning and racing horses. Hayworth had no interest in the sport but became a member of the Del Mar Thoroughbred Club. Her filly Double Rose won several races in France and notably finished second in the 1949 Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe.^[37]

In 1951, while still married to Hayworth, Khan was spotted dancing with the actress Joan Fontaine in the nightclub where he and his wife had met. Hayworth threatened to divorce him in Reno, Nevada. In early May she moved to Nevada to establish legal residence to qualify for a divorce. She stayed at Lake Tahoe with their daughter, saying there was a threat that the child would be kidnapped. Hayworth filed for divorce from Khan on September 2, 1951, on the grounds of "extreme cruelty, entirely mental in nature."^[38]

Hayworth once said she might convert to Islam but did not. During the custody fight over their daughter Princess Yasmin Aga Khan, the Prince said he wanted her raised as a Muslim; Hayworth (who had been raised a Roman Catholic) wanted the child to be a Christian.^[39]

Hayworth rejected his offer of $1,000,000 if she would rear Yasmin as a Muslim from age seven and allow her to go to Europe to visit with him for two or three months each year.

"Nothing will make me give up Yasmin's chance to live here in America among our precious freedoms and habits," declared Hayworth. "While I respect the Muslim faith and all other faiths it is my earnest wish that my daughter be raised as a normal, healthy American girl in the Christian faith. There isn't any amount of money in the entire world for which it is worth sacrificing this child's privilege of living as a normal Christian girl here in the United States. There just isn't anything else in the world that can compare with her sacred chance to do that. And I'm going to give it to Yasmin regardless of what it costs."^[40]

• Dick Haymes (1953–1955): When Hayworth and Haymes first met, he was still married and his singing career was waning. When she showed up at the clubs, he got a larger audience. Haymes was desperate for money, as two of his former wives were taking legal action against him for unpaid child support. His financial problems were so bad he could not return to California without being arrested.^[41] On July 7, 1954, his ex-wife Nora Haymes got a bench warrant for his arrest, because he owed her $3,800 in alimony. Less than a week prior, his other ex-wife, Joanne Dru, also got a bench warrant because she said he owed $4,800 in support payments for their three children.^[42] Hayworth ended up paying most of Haymes's debts.

Haymes was born in Argentina, and did not have solid proof of American citizenship. Not long after he met Hayworth, US officials initiated proceedings to have him deported to Argentina for being an illegal alien. He hoped Hayworth could influence the government and keep him in the United States. When she assumed responsibility for his citizenship, a bond was formed that led to marriage. The two were married on September 24, 1953 at the Sands Hotel, Las Vegas, and their wedding procession went through the casino.

From the start of their marriage, Haymes was deeply indebted to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). When Hayworth took time off from attending his comeback performances in Philadelphia, the audiences sharply declined. Haymes's $5000 weekly salary was attached by the IRS to pay a $100,000 bill, and he was unable to pay his pianist. Haymes' ex-wives demanded money while Hayworth publicly bemoaned her own lack of alimony from Aly Khan. At one point, the couple was effectively imprisoned in a hotel room for 24 hours in Manhattan at the Hotel Madison as sheriff's deputies waited outside threatening to arrest Haymes for outstanding debts. At the same time, Hayworth was fighting a severe custody battle with Khan, during which she reported death threats against their children. While living in New York, Hayworth sent the children to live with their nanny in Westchester County. They were found and photographed by a reporter from Confidential magazine.

After a tumultuous two years together, Haymes struck Hayworth in the face in 1955 in public at the Coconut Grove nightclub in Los Angeles. Hayworth packed her bags, walked out, and never returned. The assault and crisis shook her, and her doctor ordered her to remain in bed for several days.^[43]

Hayworth was short of money after her marriage to Haymes. She had failed to gain child support from Aly Khan. She sued Orson Welles for back payment of child support which she claimed had never been paid. This effort was unsuccessful and added to her stress.

• James Hill (1958–1961): Hayworth began a relationship with film producer James Hill, whom she went on to marry on February 2, 1958. He put her in one of her last major films, Separate Tables. On September 1, 1961, Hayworth filed for divorce, alleging extreme mental cruelty. He later wrote Rita Hayworth: A Memoir, in which he suggested their marriage collapsed because he wanted Hayworth to continue making movies, while she wanted them both to retire from Hollywood.

In his book, In the Arena, Charlton Heston writes about Hayworth's brief marriage to Hill. One night Heston and his wife Lydia joined the couple for dinner at a restaurant in Spain, with the director George Marshall and the actor Rex Harrison, Hayworth's co-star in The Happy Thieves. Heston wrote that the occasion "turned into the single most embarrassing evening of my life", describing how Hill heaped "obscene abuse" on Hayworth until she was "reduced to a helpless flood of tears, her face buried in her hands". Heston writes how the others sat stunned, witnesses to a "marital massacre" and, though he was "strongly tempted to slug him" (Hill), Heston left with his wife Lydia after she stood up, almost in tears. Heston wrote, "I'm ashamed of walking away from Miss Hayworth's humiliation. I never saw her again."^[44]

Health problems[link]

Hayworth struggled with alcohol throughout her life. Her daughter Yasmin Aga Khan said,

"I remember as a child that she had a drinking problem. She had difficulty coping with the ups and downs of the business ... As a child, I thought, 'She has a drinking problem and she's an alcoholic.' That was very clear and I thought, 'Well, there's not much I can do. I can just, sort of, stand by and watch.' It's very difficult, seeing your mother, going through her emotional problems and drinking and then behaving in that manner ... Her condition became quite bad. It worsened and she did have an alcoholic breakdown and landed in the hospital."^[45]

In 1972, Hayworth was 54 years old and wanted to retire from acting, but she needed money so signed up for The Wrath of God. The experience exposed her poor health and worsening mental state. As she could not remember lines, they filmed her scenes one line at a time.

The following year Hayworth agreed to do one more movie, Tales That Witness Madness (1973). Due to worse health, she abandoned the movie set, and returned to the United States. She never returned to acting.^[46]

In March 1974, both her brothers died within a week of each other, which caused her great sadness and led to heavy drinking. In 1976 at London's Heathrow Airport, Hayworth was removed from a TWA flight after having an angry outburst while traveling with her agent. "Miss Hayworth had been drinking when she boarded the plane," revealed a TWA flight attendant, "and had several free drinks during the flight." The event attracted much negative publicity; a disturbing photograph was published in newspapers.^[47]

Hayworth's alcoholism hid symptoms of what was eventually understood to be Alzheimer's disease. "For several years in the 1970s, she had been misdiagnosed as an alcoholic."^[48] "It was the outbursts," said her daughter, "She'd fly into a rage. I can't tell you. I thought it was alcoholism-alcoholic dementia. We all thought that. The papers picked that up, of course. You can't imagine the relief just in getting a diagnosis. We had a name at last, Alzheimer's! Of course, that didn't really come until the last seven or eight years. She wasn't diagnosed as having Alzheimer's until 1980. There were two decades of hell before that."^[49]

In July 1981, Hayworth's health had deteriorated to the point where a judge in Los Angeles Superior Court ruled that she should be placed under the care of her daughter, Princess Yasmin Khan of New York City.^[50] Hayworth lived in an apartment at The San Remo on Central Park West next to her daughter, who arranged for care for her mother through her final years.

Death[link]

Hayworth's grave at Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City, California

Rita Hayworth lapsed into a semicoma in February 1987. She died at age 68 from Alzheimer's disease a few months later on May 14, 1987. A funeral service was held on May 19, 1987, at the Church of the Good Shepherd in Beverly Hills.^[51] Pallbearers included actors Ricardo Montalbán, Glenn Ford, Don Ameche and the choreographer Hermes Pan. She was interred in Holy Cross Cemetery, Culver City. Her headstone includes the inscription: "To yesterday's companionship and tomorrow's reunion."

"Rita Hayworth was one of our country's most beloved stars", said President Ronald Reagan, who had been an actor at the same time as Hayworth.

"Glamorous and talented, she gave us many wonderful moments on stage and screen and delighted audiences from the time she was a young girl. In her later years, Rita became known for her struggle with Alzheimer's disease. Her courage and candor, and that of her family, were a great public service in bringing worldwide attention to a disease which we all hope will soon be cured. Nancy and I are saddened by Rita's death. She was a friend who we will miss. We extend our deep sympathy to her family."^[52]

Awards[link]

Hayworth receives National Screen Heritage Award in 1977

• Nomination for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama in Circus World (1964) (U.K. title: Magnificent Showman), which also featured John Wayne.^{[citation needed]}
• 1977, National Screen Heritage Award.
• Hayworth is included as one of the American Film Institute's Greatest Stars of All Time.

Legacy[link]

• A fund raiser for the Alzheimer's Association is named in her honor by her daughter, Yasmin Aga Khan, who has been the hostess for these events and a major sponsor of Alzheimer's Disease charities and awareness programs.
• The film I Remember Better When I Paint (2009) describes how Hayworth took up painting while struggling with Alzheimer's and produced art.^[53]

In popular culture[link]

• Lynda Carter portrayed Hayworth in the television movie Rita Hayworth: The Love Goddess (1983).
• Actress Veronica Watt portrayed her in the film Hollywoodland (2006).

Filmography[link]

As Rita Cansino[link]

La Fiesta (Short subject, 1926) [4] Cruz Diablo aka The Devil's Cross (Uncredited, 1934) [4] In Caliente (1935) [4] Under the Pampas Moon (1935) Charlie Chan in Egypt (1935) Dante's Inferno (1935) Paddy O'Day (1935)

HumanCargo (1936) Meet Nero Wolfe (1936) Rebellion (1936) The Dancing Pirate (1936) Old Louisiana (1937) Hit the Saddle (1937) Trouble in Texas (1937)

As Rita Hayworth[link]

Criminals of the Air (1937) Girls Can Play (1937) The Game That Kills (1937) Paid to Dance (1937) The Shadow (1937) Who Killed Gail Preston? (1938) Special Inspector (1938) There's Always a Woman (1938) Convicted (1938) Juvenile Court (1938) The Renegade Ranger (1938) Homicide Bureau (1939) The Lone Wolf Spy Hunt (1939) Only Angels Have Wings (1939) Music in My Heart (1940) Blondie on a Budget (1940) Susan and God (1940) The Lady in Question (1940) Angels Over Broadway (1940) The Strawberry Blonde (1941) Affectionately Yours (1941) Blood and Sand (1941) You'll Never Get Rich (1941) My Gal Sal (1942) Tales of Manhattan (1942) You Were Never Lovelier (1942)

Show Business at War (1943) (short subject) Cover Girl (1944) Tonight and Every Night (1945) Gilda (1946) Down to Earth (1947) The Lady from Shanghai (1947) The Loves of Carmen (1948) Champagne Safari (1952) Affair in Trinidad (1952) Salome (1953) Miss Sadie Thompson (1953) Fire Down Below (1957) Pal Joey (1957) Separate Tables (1958) They Came to Cordura (1959) The Story on Page One (1959) The Happy Thieves (1962) Circus World (1964) The Money Trap (1965) The Poppy Is Also a Flower (1966) L'Avventuriero (1967) I Bastardi (1968) The Naked Zoo (1971) Road to Salina (1971) The Wrath of God (1972)

References[link]

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5} Bill Geerhart "Atomic Goddess, Part I", Knol, accessed 21 March 2012
2. ↑ Gerald Faris (May 18, 1987). "A Screen Goddess and Hollywood Rebel Loses The Battle Against Disease". The Age. http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=q3wQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=dJIDAAAAIBAJ&dq=rita%20hayworth%20hollywood&pg=3397%2C4986759. Retrieved June 7, 2009. 
3. ↑ Márquez Reviriego, Víctor (24 March 1984). "Del firmamento al limbo". ABC. http://hemeroteca.abc.es/nav/Navigate.exe/hemeroteca/sevilla/abc.sevilla/1984/03/24/003.html. Retrieved 5 April 2012. 
4. ↑ ^{4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 4.15 4.16 4.17 4.18 4.19} Notable American Women: A Biographical Dictionary, Volume 5, Susan Ware, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University Press, p281 2004 ISBN 978-0-674-01488-6
5. ↑ "Princess Born to Rita After Pre-dawn Dash to Clinic", Associated Press, December 28, 1949. Accessed June 13, 2009.
6. ↑ "Rita Hayworth Delights Papa and Mama Cansino." Ellensburg Daily Record, July 13, 1944. Accessed June 7, 2009.
7. ↑ "Actress Rita Hayworth's Grandfather Dies at 89." Los Angeles Times, 22 June 1954
8. ↑ Patrick Agan, The Decline and Fall of the Love Goddesses, Indiana University: Pinnacle Books, 1979, p67
9. ↑ Joe Morella and Edward Z. Epstein, Rita: The Life of Rita Hayworth, New York: Dell, 1983, p 16
10. ↑ "Lot 37 Rita Hayworth Nightgown From Her Famous World War II Publicity Photos". Sotheby's. http://www.sothebys.com/app/live/lot/LotDetail.jsp?sale_number=N07818&live_lot_id=37. Retrieved 2010-02-07. 
11. ↑ Barbara Leaming, If This Was Happiness: A Biography of Rita Hayworth (New York: Viking, 1989), pp. 129-130
12. ↑ Winthrop Sargeant, “The Cult of the Love Goddess in America,” Life Magazine, 10 November 1947
13. ↑ Morella and Epstein (1983), Rita, p. 234
14. ↑ "Screen News Here and in Hollywood," New York Times, 22 March 1943.
15. ↑ Hedda Hopper, "Looking at Hollywood," AP, October 22, 1947. Accessed June 4, 2009
16. ↑ "Hayworth, Studio Agree Once Again," New York Times, January 9, 1952
17. ↑ "Rita Hayworth Files Suit to End Film Contract", Los Angeles Times, April 9, 1955
18. ↑ John Hallowell, "Rita Hayworth: Don't Put the Blame on Me, Boys", New York Times, October 25, 1970
19. ↑ Nancy Anderson, "Rita Hayworth Still Ranks as Beauty," Copley News Service, 11 February 1972. Accessed June 2, 2009.
20. ↑ John Hallowell, "Rita: Hollywood Still Is Her Town But No One Knows She's There", St. Petersburg Times, 23 June 1968. Accessed June 4, 2009. [1]
21. ↑ John Kobal Rita Hayworth: Portrait of a Love Goddess, 1977, p. 103
22. ↑ Kobal (1977), Rita Hayworth, p. 124
23. ↑ Kobal (1977), Rita Hayworth, p. 104
24. ↑ "Call For Boycott Of Rita Hayworth", AP, April 30, 1951
25. ↑ Kobal (1977), Rita Hayworth, p. 163
26. ↑ "Rita Hayworth Replaced in Play", AP, August 24, 1962.
27. ↑ Jerry Mason. "Meet Rita Hayworth." The Spokesman-Review. January 3, 1942.
28. ↑ John Chapman, "Red Heads", Chicago Daily Tribune, May 25, 1941
29. ↑ "Presenting: Ten Most Perfect Features in the World," AP, February 17, 1949. Accessed June 13, 2009.
30. ↑ Barbara Leaming (1989),If This Was Happiness: A biography of Rita Hayworth
31. ↑ Louella O. Parsons, "Rita, Shy Off Set, Now Groomed for Vamp Role", St. Petersburg Times, May 25, 1941.[2] Accessed June 2, 2009.
32. ↑ John Hallowell. "Rita Hayworth, "Don't Put the Blame on Me, Boys", New York Times, October 25, 1970
33. ↑ "Chatter", People, July 15, 1974. Accessed June 6, 2009.
34. ↑ "Rita Hayworth Tells of Threats by Ex-Mate", Los Angeles Times, July 3, 1943, A16
35. ↑ John Kobal, Rita Hayworth, Berkley: 1983, p. 62.
36. ↑ "Rita Hayworth Wins Divorce From Orson Welles," AP, November 10, 1947; accessed June 6, 2009
37. ↑ Staff writer, "Love's Long Shot", Time October 17, 1949. Accessed May 29, 2009.
38. ↑ "Rita Hayworth Files Divorce Action in Reno," Los Angeles Times, September 2, 1951
39. ↑ "Prince Wants Yasmin Back", AP, October 31, 1953. Accessed June 13, 2009.
40. ↑ "Rita Says No to Million", Sydney Morning Herald, September 13, 1953. Accessed June 13, 2009. [3]
41. ↑ "Dick Haymes Faces Arrest Over Alimony", Los Angeles Times, October 5, 1956
42. ↑ "Haymes Hears Sour Music," AP, July 7, 1954.
43. ↑ "Marriage Falls Down and So Does Rita", UP, August 30, 1955.
44. ↑ Heston, Charlton (1997). In the Arena: An Autobiography (1 ed.). Berkley Trade. p. 253. ISBN 1-57297-267-X. 
45. ↑ Pia Lindstrom, "Alzheimer's Fight in Her Mother's Name", New York Times, February 23, 1997. [4] Accessed June 6, 2009.
46. ↑ Stephanie Thames, "The Wrath of God," TCM.com. Accessed June 14, 2009
47. ↑ "Actress Helped from Jet", St. Petersburg Times, January 21, 1976.
48. ↑ "'Love Goddess' Rita Hayworth is Dead at 68", AP, May 16, 1987.
49. ↑ Paul Hendrickson, "Alzheimer's: A Daughter's Nightmare", Los Angeles Times, April 11, 1989
50. ↑ "Rita Hayworth Placed in Conservatorship" AP, July 23, 1981
51. ↑ Krebs, Albin (1987-05-16). "Rita Hayworth, Movie Legend, Dies". nytimes.com. http://www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/bday/1017.html. Retrieved 26 September 2011. 
52. ↑ Krebs, Albin. "Rita Hayworth, Movie Legend, Dies", The New York Times, May 16, 1987. Accessed May 29, 2009.
53. ↑ Rosalia Gitau (March 11, 2010). "Art Therapy for Alzheimer's". HuffingtonPost. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/rosalia-gitau/art-therapy-for-alzheimer_b_495914.html. 

Sources[link]

• Kobal, John. Rita Hayworth: The Time, the Place, the Woman (1977). ISBN 0-393-07526-5
• Leaming, Barbara. If This Was Happiness: A Biography of Rita Hayworth (New York: Viking, 1989)
• McLean, Adrienne L. Being Rita Hayworth: Labor, Identity, and Hollywood Stardom (2004). ISBN 0-8135-3389-9
• Morella, Joe and Epstein, Edward Z. Rita: The Life of Rita Hayworth (1983). ISBN 0-385-29265-1
• Peary, Gerald. Rita Hayworth: A Pyramid Illustrated History of the Movies (1976). ISBN 0-515-04116-5
• Ringgold, Gene. The Films of Rita Hayworth: The Legend and Career of a Love Goddess (1974). ISBN 0-8065-0439-0
• Roberts-Frenzel, Caren. Rita Hayworth: A Photographic Retrospective (2001). ISBN 0-8109-1434-4

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Rita Hayworth

Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Rita Hayworth

• Rita Hayworth at the Internet Movie Database
• Rita Hayworth at the TCM Movie Database
• Rita Hayworth at the Internet Broadway Database

v t e AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars Male Legends Humphrey Bogart Cary Grant James Stewart Marlon Brando Fred Astaire Henry Fonda Clark Gable James Cagney Spencer Tracy Charlie Chaplin Gary Cooper Gregory Peck John Wayne Laurence Olivier Gene Kelly Orson Welles Kirk Douglas James Dean Burt Lancaster The Marx Brothers Buster Keaton Sidney Poitier Robert Mitchum Edward G. Robinson William Holden Female Legends Katharine Hepburn Bette Davis Audrey Hepburn Ingrid Bergman Greta Garbo Marilyn Monroe Elizabeth Taylor Judy Garland Marlene Dietrich Joan Crawford Barbara Stanwyck Claudette Colbert Grace Kelly Ginger Rogers Mae West Vivien Leigh Lillian Gish Shirley Temple Rita Hayworth Lauren Bacall Sophia Loren Jean Harlow Carole Lombard Mary Pickford Ava Gardner AFI 100 Years...

Persondata
Name	Hayworth, Rita
Alternative names	Cansino, Margarita Carmen
Short description	American actress
Date of birth	1918-10-17
Place of birth	Brooklyn, New York, United States
Date of death	1987-05-14
Place of death	New York, New York, United States

Jack Lemmon
Lemmon at the 40th Emmy Awards, August 1988
Born	John Uhler Lemmon III (1925-02-08)February 8, 1925 Newton, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died	June 27, 2001(2001-06-27) (aged 76) Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Cause of death	Colon cancer Bladder cancer
Resting place	Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery
Education	Phillips Academy
Alma mater	Harvard University
Occupation	Actor
Years active	1949–2000
Notable work(s)	Some Like It Hot, The Apartment, Mister Roberts, Days of Wine and Roses, The Great Race, Irma la Douce, The Odd Couple, Save the Tiger, The Out-of-Towners, The China Syndrome, Missing, Glengarry Glen Ross, Grumpy Old Men, Grumpier Old Men, The Odd Couple II
Spouse	Cynthia Stone (m.1950-1956; divorced) Felicia Farr (m.1962-2001; his death)
Children	Chris Lemmon Courtney Lemmon Denise Lemmon (stepdaughter)
Awards	Academy Awards, AFI Life Achievement Award, Golden Globe Award, Volpi Cup, National Board of Review Award, American Comedy Award, Silver Bear Award

John Uhler "Jack" Lemmon III (February 8, 1925 – June 27, 2001) was an American actor and musician. He starred in more than 60 films including Some Like It Hot, The Apartment, Mister Roberts (for which he won the 1955 Best Supporting Actor Academy Award), Days of Wine and Roses, The Great Race, Irma la Douce, The Odd Couple, Save the Tiger (for which he won the 1973 Best Actor Academy Award), The Out-of-Towners, The China Syndrome, Missing (for which he won 'Best Actor' at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival), Glengarry Glen Ross, Grumpy Old Men and Grumpier Old Men.

Early life[link]

Lemmon was born in an elevator^{[citation needed]} at Newton-Wellesley Hospital in Newton, Massachusetts, a suburb of Boston. He was the only child of Mildred Burgess LaRue (née Noel) and John Uhler Lemmon, Jr., who was the president of a doughnut company.^[1][2] Lemmon attended John Ward Elementary School in Newton and The Rivers School in Weston, Massachusetts. He had stated that he knew he wanted to be an actor from the age of eight.^[3] Lemmon attended Phillips Academy (Class of 1943) and Harvard University (Class of 1947), where he lived in Adams House and was an active member of several Drama Clubs - becoming president of the Hasty Pudding Club^[4] - as well as a member of the Delphic Club for Gentleman, a final club at Harvard. After Harvard, Lemmon joined the Navy,^[4] receiving V-12 training and serving as an ensign. On being discharged, he took up acting professionally, working on radio, television and Broadway.^[4] He studied acting under coach Uta Hagen.^[4] He also became enamored of the piano and learned to play it on his own. He could also play the harmonica, organ, and the double bass.

Career[link]

Lemmon's film debut was a bit part as a plasterer/painter in the 1949 film The Lady Takes a Sailor, but he was not noticed until his official debut, opposite Judy Holliday, in the 1954 comedy It Should Happen to You.^[4] Lemmon worked with many legendary leading ladies, among them Marilyn Monroe, Natalie Wood, Betty Grable, Janet Leigh, Shirley MacLaine, Romy Schneider, Doris Day, Kim Novak, Judy Holliday, Rita Hayworth, June Allyson, Virna Lisi, Ann-Margret, Sophia Loren, and many more. He was also close friends with actors Tony Curtis, Ernie Kovacs, Walter Matthau, and Kevin Spacey. He made two films with Curtis, three films with Kovacs (Operation Mad Ball, Bell, Book and Candle, and It Happened to Jane), and eleven with Matthau.^{[citation needed]}

Early in Lemmon's career, Lemmon met comedian Ernie Kovacs, during the filming of Operation Mad Ball^[5] and co-starred with the comedian in this film. Lemmon and Kovacs became close friends and appeared together in two subsequent films - Bell, Book and Candle.^[6] and It Happened to Jane^[7] In 1977 PBS broadcast a compilation series of Kovacs' television work, and Lemmon served as the narrator of the series. Lemmon discussed his friendship with Kovacs in the documentary, Ernie Kovacs: Television's Original Genius.^[8]

He became a favorite actor of director Billy Wilder, starring in his films Some Like It Hot (for which he was awarded Best Actor at the Cannes Film Festival), The Apartment, Irma la Douce, The Fortune Cookie, Avanti!, The Front Page, and Buddy Buddy. Wilder felt Lemmon had a natural tendency toward overacting that had to be tempered; the Wilder biography Nobody's Perfect quotes the director as saying, "Lemmon, I would describe him as a ham, a fine ham, and with ham you have to trim a little fat". The biography also quotes Lemmon as saying, "I am particularly susceptible to the parts I play... If my character was having a nervous breakdown, I started to have one".

He also had a longtime working relationship with director Blake Edwards, starring in My Sister Eileen (1955), Days of Wine and Roses (1962), The Great Race (1965) and That's Life! (1986).

Lemmon recorded an album in 1958 while filming Some Like It Hot with Marilyn Monroe. Twelve jazz tracks were created for Lemmon and another twelve were added. Lemmon played the piano and recorded his own versions of Monroe's trademark songs, I Wanna Be Loved By You and I'm Through With Love, for the album which was released in 1959 as A Twist of Lemmon/Some Like It Hot.

Lemmon was awarded the Best Supporting Actor Oscar in 1956 for Mister Roberts (1955) and the Best Actor Oscar for Save the Tiger (1973), becoming the first actor to achieve this double.^[4] He was also nominated for a Best Actor Oscar for his role in the controversial film Missing in 1982, and for his roles in Some Like It Hot (1959), The Apartment (1960), Days of Wine and Roses (1962), The China Syndrome (1979), and Tribute (1980). He won another Cannes award for his performance in Missing (which received the Palme d'Or). In 1988, the American Film Institute gave him its Lifetime Achievement Award.

Days of Wine and Roses (1962) was one of his favorite roles. He portrayed Joe Clay, a young, fun-loving alcoholic businessman. In that film, Lemmon delivered the line, "My name is Joe Clay ... I'm an alcoholic." Three and a half decades later, he stated on the television program Inside the Actors Studio that he really was a recovering alcoholic.^[4]

Lemmon's production company JML produced Cool Hand Luke in 1967. Paul Newman was grateful to Lemmon for his support and offered him the role of the Sundance Kid, later played by Robert Redford in Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, but Lemmon turned it down. He did not like riding horses and he also felt he'd already played too many aspects of the Sundance Kid's character before.^[9]

Lemmon often appeared in films partnered with actor Walter Matthau. Among their pairings was 1968's The Odd Couple, as Felix Ungar (Lemmon) and Oscar Madison (Matthau). They also starred together in The Fortune Cookie (for which Matthau won an Oscar for Best Supporting Actor), The Front Page and Buddy Buddy. In 1971, Lemmon directed Matthau in the comedy Kotch. It was the only movie that Lemmon ever directed and Matthau was nominated for the Best Actor Oscar for his performance.

Additionally, Lemmon and Matthau had small parts in Oliver Stone's 1991 film, JFK (the only film in which both appeared without sharing screen time). In 1993, the duo teamed up again to star in Grumpy Old Men. The film was a surprise hit, earning the two actors a new generation of young fans. During the rest of the decade, they would go on to star together in Out to Sea, Grumpier Old Men and the widely panned The Odd Couple II.

In 1996, Lemmon was awarded with the Honorary Golden Bear award at the 46th Berlin International Film Festival.^[10]

At the 1998 Golden Globe Awards, he was nominated for "Best Actor in a Made for TV Movie" for his role in Twelve Angry Men losing to Ving Rhames. After accepting the award, Rhames asked Lemmon to come on stage and, in a move that stunned the audience, gave his award to him. (The Hollywood Foreign Press Association, which presents the Golden Globes, decided to have a second award made and sent to Rhames.).^{[citation needed]}

He received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1988.

Personal life[link]

Actor Kevin Spacey recalled that Lemmon is remembered as always making time for other people. When already regarded as a legend, he met the teenage Spacey backstage after a theater performance and spoke to him about pursuing an acting career.^[11] Spacey would later work with Lemmon in Dad (1989), the critically acclaimed film Glengarry Glen Ross (1992) and on stage in a revival of Long Day's Journey Into Night. Lemmon's performance also inspired Gil Gunderson, a character on The Simpsons that is modeled on Lemmon's.

Lemmon was married twice. His son Chris Lemmon (b. 1954), was his first child by his first wife, actress Cynthia Stone (b. February 26, 1926, Peoria, Illinois, d. December 26, 1988). His second wife was the actress Felicia Farr, with whom he had a daughter, Courtney (b.1966).

Lemmon admitted that he was an alcoholic in the late 1960s. (Source: Los Angeles Tomes Obituary.)

Felicia Farr had another daughter from a previous relationship (her marriage to Lee Farr) called Denise, who would become Lemmon's stepdaughter.

Lemmon was Roman Catholic^[12].

Death[link]

Jack Lemmon's grave

Lemmon died of colon cancer and metastatic cancer of the bladder on June 27, 2001.^[13] He had been fighting the disease, very privately, for two years before his death. He was interred at Westwood Village Memorial Park Cemetery in Westwood, California where he is buried near his friend and co-star, Walter Matthau, who died almost exactly one year before Lemmon. In typical Jack Lemmon wit, his gravestone simply reads "JACK LEMMON in".^[14] After Matthau's death in 2000, Lemmon appeared with friends and relatives of the actor on a Larry King Live show in tribute. A year later, many of the same people appeared on the show again to pay tribute to Lemmon.

Filmography[link]

Film[link]

Television[link]

Discography[link]

• A Twist of Lemmon/Some Like It Hot (1959)
• Piano Selections from Irma La Douce (1963)
• Piano and Vocals (1990)
• Peter and the Wolf (1991)
• Songs and music from Some Like It Hot (2001)

Bibliography[link]

• Lemmon, Chris (2006). A Twist of Lemmon: A Tribute to My Father. Chapel Hill, N.C.: Algonquin Books of Chapel Hill. ISBN 978-1-56512-480-6. 
• Freedland, Michael (2003). Some Like It Cool: The Charmed Life of Jack Lemmon. Robson Books. ISBN 978-1-86105-510-1. 
• Widener, Don (1975). Lemmon. Macmillan Books. 

References[link]

External links[link]

• Jack Lemmon at the Internet Broadway Database
• Jack Lemmon at the Internet Movie Database
• Jack Lemmon at the TCM Movie Database
• "The Films of Jack Lemmon", compilation of movie clips, 4 minutes
• Actor Jack Lemmon dead at 76
• Jack Lemmon at the Archive of American Television
• Obituary in the Los Angeles Times