Howard Zinn (August 24, 1922 --
January 27,
2010) was an
American historian, author, playwright, and social activist. He was a political science professor at
Boston University for 24 years and taught history at
Spelman College for 7 years. Zinn wrote more than 20 books, including his best-selling and influential A
People's History of the
United States. He wrote extensively about the civil rights and anti-war movements, and labor history of the United States. His memoir,
You Can't Be
Neutral on a
Moving Train, was also the title of a 2004 documentary about Zinn's life and work.
After
World War II, Zinn attended
New York University on the GI
Bill, graduating with a
B.A. in
1951. At
Columbia University, he later earned an
M.A. (
1952) and a
Ph.D. in history with a minor in political science (
1958). His masters' thesis examined the
Colorado coal strikes of
1914.[14] His doctoral dissertation
LaGuardia in Congress was a study of
Fiorello LaGuardia's congressional career, and it depicted representing "the conscience of the twenties" as LaGuardia fought for public power, the right to strike, and the redistribution of wealth by taxation. "His specific legislative program," Zinn wrote, "was an astonishingly accurate preview of the New
Deal." It was published by the
Cornell University Press for the
American Historical Association.
La Guardia in
Congress was nominated for the American Historical Association's Beveridge Prize as the best
English-language book on
American history.[15]
While at
Columbia, his professors included
Harry Carman,
Henry Steele Commager, and
David Donald.[14] But it was Columbia historian
Richard Hofstadter's
The American Political Tradition that made the most lasting impression. Zinn regularly included it in his lists of recommended readings, and, after
Barack Obama was elected
President of the United States, Zinn wrote, "If Richard Hofstadter were adding to his book The American Political Tradition, in which he found both 'conservative' and 'liberal' presidents, both
Democrats and
Republicans, maintaining for dear life the two critical characteristics of the American system, nationalism and capitalism,
Obama would fit the pattern."[16]
In 1960--61, Zinn was a post-doctoral fellow in
East Asian Studies at
Harvard University.
Zinn was professor of history at Spelman College in
Atlanta from
1956 to
1963, and visiting professor at both the
University of Paris and
University of Bologna.
In 1964, Zinn accepted a position at Boston University, after writing two books and participating in the
Civil Rights Movement in the
South. His classes in civil liberties were among the most popular at the university with as many as 400 students subscribing each semester to the non-required class. A professor of political science, he taught at BU for 24 years and retired in
1988 at age 64.
"He had a deep sense of fairness and justice for the underdog. But he always kept his sense of humor. He was a happy warrior," said
Caryl Rivers, journalism professor at Boston University.
Rivers and Zinn were among a group of faculty members who in
1979 defended the right of the school's clerical workers to strike and were threatened with dismissal after refusing to cross a picket line.[18]
Zinn came to believe that the
point of view expressed in traditional history books was often limited. Biographer
Martin Duberman noted that he was asked directly if he was a Marxist. Zinn replied, "
Yes, I'm something of a Marxist." He especially was influenced by the liberating vision of the young
Marx in overcoming alienation, and disliked Marx's later dogmatism. In later life he moved more toward anarchism.[19]
He wrote a history textbook, A People's History of the United States, to provide other perspectives on American history. The textbook depicts the struggles of
Native Americans against
European and
U.S. conquest and expansion, slaves against slavery, unionists and other workers against capitalists, women against patriarchy, and African-Americans for civil rights. The book was a finalist for the
National Book Award in
1981.
The People Speak, released in 2010, is a documentary movie inspired by the lives of ordinary people who fought back against oppressive conditions over the course of the history of the United States. The film includes performances by Zinn,
Matt Damon,
Morgan Freeman,
Bob Dylan,
Bruce Springsteen,
Eddie Vedder,
Viggo Mortensen,
Josh Brolin,
Danny Glover,
Marisa Tomei,
Don Cheadle, and
Sandra Oh.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard_zinn
- published: 10 Sep 2013
- views: 3866