Coordinates | 55°45′06″N37°37′04″N |
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name | Kongsberg |
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idnumber | 0604 |
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county | Buskerud |
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district | Numedal |
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capital | Kongsberg |
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language | Bokmål |
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demonym | KongsbergenserKongsbergensar |
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coatofarms | Kongsberg komm.svg |
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munwebpage | www.kongsberg.kommune.no |
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mayor | Vidar Lande |
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mayor party | Ap |
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mayor as of | 2005 |
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area rank | 138 |
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area total km2 | 792 |
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area land km2 | 753 |
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area water percent | 0.24 |
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population as of | 2011 |
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population rank | 27 |
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population total | 25090 |
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populationpercent | 0.51 |
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population density km2 | 31.2 |
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population increase | 8.9 |
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utm zone | 32V | utm_northing 6605111 | utm_easting 0538265 | geo_cat adm2nd
}} |
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is a town and municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. It is located at the southern end of the traditional region of Numedal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Kongsberg.
The town was founded in 1624 under the name ''Konings Bierg'' by Danish-Norwegian king Christian IV as a mining community. It was granted its royal charter of trade—amounting to official township—in 1802. The municipality of Kongsberg was established on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The rural municipalities of Ytre Sandsvær and Øvre Sandsvær were merged into the municipality of Kongsberg on 1 January 1964.
Today, Kongsberg is perhaps best known for being the home of Norway's major defense contractor, Kongsberg Gruppen, formerly ''Kongsberg Vaapenfabrikk''. One of its products was the Kongsberg Colt.
General information
Name
The name ''Konings Bierg'', a modern form ''Kongsberg'', is based on the following two elements: the
genitive case of ''konge'' which means "
king" (referring to king Christian IV) and ''berg'' which means "
mountain".
Coat-of-arms
The
coat-of-arms is from modern times and was designed by Hallvard Tretteberg. They were granted on 25 August 1972. They are based upon the old seal for the city from 1689 which shows the
Roman god Janus dressed as an
emperor (to represent the king); the
sword and the pair of scales represents
justice. The color green represents the forests, silver represents the mountains, and gold represents wealth.
History
Kongsberg is particularly known for its old
silver mines, from which roughly of silver was extracted between the discovery of silver
ore seams in 1623, and the last year of
mining, in 1957. In 1770, the mines employed about 4,000 workers, and the town was the second largest in Norway, after
Bergen (and thus larger than today's capital,
Oslo).
Following several hard years with reduced silver output from the mines, the war of 1807–1814, and a severe town fire in 1810 where 56 houses on the west side were destroyed, mining was complemented by the government establishing a defense industry in 1814. During peaceful times, the defense industry gradually evolved into many other kinds of high tech activities as well, now dominating the town's employment.
In 1987, however, the state-owned Kongsberg Vaapenfabrikk () suffered a major financial crisis as well as accusations of breaching the CoCom rules by selling sensitive technology to the Soviet bloc. As a result the company was split into several smaller units and partly sold to private investors. Today, the separate firms thrive as one of Norway's main high-tech industrial clusters, centering on the defence and maritime company Kongsberg Gruppen which is listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange.
Kongsberg is also home to the Mint of Norway (), which exclusively makes Norwegian coins. It was established in 1686, and was renamed from the ''Royal Norwegian Mint'' () in 2004 after having been sold to private investors (the Mint of Finland and Norwegian company Samlerhuset) in 2003.
Geography
The neighbouring municipalities of Kongsberg are
Flesberg to the north;
Øvre Eiker and
Hof to the east;
Lardal,
Siljan, and
Skien to the south; and
Sauherad and
Notodden to the west. Of these, the two first lie in Buskerud county like Kongsberg, while Hof and Lardal lie in
Vestfold, and the others lie in
Telemark. The town is divided by the river
Numedalslågen, which has three
waterfalls in the town itself.
Transportation
The main highways are the
E134, crossing Kongsberg east to west (and connected to the
E18 to
Oslo), and
Norwegian national road 40 ''(Riksvei 40)'', going north to south.
Sørlandsbanen railway line stops at
Kongsberg station, with connection to local and regional bus lines.
Culture
[[File:Tinius Olsens skole.jpg|thumb|right|
Tinius Olsens School Kongsberg]]
With the population increase during the town's silver mining heyday of the mid-sixteenth century came the need for a new church, which was built over a period 21 years and inaugurated in 1761. It has an austere red
brick exterior, but a richly decorated
baroque interior including one-of-a-kind
chandeliers made at ''Nøstetangen'' Glass Works in neighbouring
Hokksund. Kongsberg Church remains one of the largest in Norway with a
seating capacity of 2,400.
The church's original baroque-era pipe organ, made by renowned German organ builder Gottfried Heinrich Gloger in 1760–65, was fully restored by Jürgen Ahrend in 1999–2000 and reopened to great fanfare in January 2001. With its 42 voices, it is the largest baroque organ in Scandinavia. At the end of January each year, the Gloger Music Festival now draws a select crowd of artists and music lovers from all over the world.
Since 1964, Kongsberg has hosted Kongsberg Jazzfestival, an annual international jazz festival. Heavily sponsored by the local industry, prominent world acts such as BB King, Diana Krall, Ornette Coleman, Joshua Redman and John Scofield have played at the festival in recent years.
Sports
The town is known for many great
ski jumpers.
Birger Ruud and his two brothers, as well as many other townsmen, such as
Petter Hugsted, won numerous medals in Winter Olympics and other international championships in the 1930s and 1940s. The first ski jumping technique, the
Konsberger was developed by
Jacob Tullin Thams and
Sigmund Ruud in Kongsberg, and was the most popular ski jumping technique from the late 1920s to the late 1950s. Their medals and equipment can be seen at the
Kongsberg Skiing Museum (''Kongsberg Skimuseum'') which is co-located with the Norwegian Mining Museum (''Norsk Bergverksmuseum'') in central Kongsberg. Inventor of the modern
ski binding,
Norwegian-American skier and Olympic skiing coach
Hjalmar Hvam, was born in Kongsberg in 1902.
Recent winter sports athletes of the Kongsberg region include Olympic snowboarders Stine Brun Kjeldaas and Halvor Lunn; cross-country ski sprinter Børre Næss of the village ''Efteløt''; and ski jumper Sigurd Pettersen of nearby municipality Rollag (60 km/37 mi north of Kongsberg). A large ski center for alpine skiing and snowboarding, with several lifts and ca 320 m of height difference has been in operation and gradually expanding since 1965. Kongsberg hosted the cross-country skiing parts of the 2006 Nordic skiing National Championships. The arranging sportsclub was IL Skrim, the ski tracks being located at former military camp Heistadmoen.
Crown in Håvet
Crown in Håvet (''Kronene i Håvet'') is the location where Norwegian royal monograms have been carved into a mountainside to mark royal visits to Kongsberg. In June 1704 King
Frederik IV visited Kongsberg and started a tradition that is alive to this day. King Frederik also arranged to have cut made for the monograms of previous monarchs from earlier royal visits.
The first monogram on the hillside property belonged to Christian IV who in 1624 founded the Kongsberg at the site of the newly discovered silver deposits. His visit was followed by that of Frederik III (1648) and Christian V (1685). Christian VI and his Queen Sofie Magdalene (1733), Frederik V (1749), Oscar I (1845), Oscar II (1890), Haakon VII (1908), Olav V (1962) and most recently Harald V (1995).
Notable residents
Håkon Austbø - pianist
Halfdan Cleve (1879–1951) - composer
Ivar Grydeland - jazz guitarist
Morten Harket - lead singer of the synthpop band a-ha
Hjalmar Hvam (1902–1996) - Norwegian-American Nordic skier
Petter Hugsted (1921–2000) - ski jumper.
Bryan King - British football goalkeeper and scout
Tinius Olsen (1845–1932) - Norwegian American engineer and inventor
Morten Qvenild - jazz pianist
Birger Ruud (1911–1998) - ski jumper
Sigmund Ruud (1907–1994) - ski jumper.
Christian Sinding (1856–1941) - composers and pianist
Otto Ludvig Sinding (1842–1909) - painter
Stephan Abel Sinding (1846–1922) - sculptor
International relations
Twin towns — sister cities
The following cities are
twinned with Kongsberg:
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Chitose,
Hokkaidō,
Japan
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Espoo,
Etelä-Suomi,
Finland
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Gouda,
South Holland,
Netherlands
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Kristianstad,
Skåne County,
Sweden
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Køge,
Region Sjælland,
Denmark
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Red Wing,
Minnesota,
United States
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Skagafjörður,
Iceland
References
;Notes
External links
Municipal fact sheet from Statistics Norway
Kongsberg Tourist Office - Comprehensive information about the town and surrounding landscape, including photos and webcams
Kongsberg Travel Guide- From VirtualTourist.com; contains tourist-submitted photos and articles
Kongsberg Jazz Festival - Official website, with lists of artists and concert dates
The Gloger Academy - History of the Gloger Organ and information on upcoming concerts and the Gloger Music Festival
Laagendalsposten Local newspaper covering Kongsberg and
Numedal
Kongsberg Church 360 degrees image inside the Church
Category:Municipalities of Buskerud
Category:Ski areas and resorts in Norway
Category:Cities and towns in Norway
Category:Populated places established in 1624
Category:Populated places on the Numedalslågen
bg:Конгсберг
da:Kongsberg
de:Kongsberg
et:Kongsberg
fr:Kongsberg
bpy:কংসবার্গ
is:Kongsberg
it:Kongsberg
kl:Kongsberg
nl:Kongsberg (gemeente)
ja:コングスベルグ
no:Kongsberg
nn:Kongsberg kommune
nds:Kommun Kongsberg
pl:Kongsberg
pt:Kongsberg
ro:Kongsberg
ru:Конгсберг
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