Amy Goodman
Amy Goodman addresses the 2010 Chicago Green Festival.
Born	(1957-04-13) April 13, 1957 (age 55) Bay Shore, New York
Show	Democracy Now!
Station(s)	over 1000[1]
Network	Pacifica Radio
Style	Investigative journalism

Amy Goodman (born April 13, 1957) is an American progressive broadcast journalist, syndicated columnist, investigative reporter and author. Goodman is the host of Democracy Now!, an independent global news program broadcast daily on radio, television and the Internet.

Biography[link]

Early life[link]

Goodman was born in Bay Shore, New York^[2] on April 13, 1957 to George, an ophthalmologist, and Dorothy (née Bock) Goodman,^[3] and graduated from Bay Shore High School in 1975. She graduated from Radcliffe College in 1984 with a degree in anthropology.^[4] She spent a year studying at the College of the Atlantic in Bar Harbor, Maine.^[5]

[edit] Democracy Now!

Goodman had been news director of Pacifica Radio station WBAI in New York City for over a decade when she co-founded Democracy Now! The War and Peace Report in 1996. Since then, Democracy Now! has been called "probably the most significant progressive news institution that has come around in some time" by professor and media critic Robert McChesney.^[6]

In 2001, the show was temporarily pulled off the air, as a result of a conflict with a group of Pacifica Radio board members and Pacifica staff members and listeners. During that time, it moved to a converted firehouse from which it broadcast until November 13, 2009.^[7] The new Democracy Now! studio is located in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan.^[8]

Goodman credits the program's success to the mainstream media organizations who leave "a huge niche" for Democracy Now!^[6]

When President Bill Clinton called WBAI on Election Day 2000^[9] for a quick get-out-the-vote message, Goodman and WBAI's Gonzalo Aburto challenged him for 28 minutes with questions about Leonard Peltier, racial profiling, the Iraq sanctions, Ralph Nader, the death penalty, the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Clinton defended his administration's policies and charged Goodman with being "hostile and combative".^[10]

Investigative journalism career[link]

Amy Goodman speaking at Power To The Peaceful Festival, San Francisco 2004.

In 1991, covering the East Timor independence movement, Goodman and fellow journalist Allan Nairn reported that they were badly beaten by Indonesian soldiers after witnessing a mass killing of Timorese demonstrators in what became known as the Santa Cruz Massacre.^[11]

In 1998, Goodman and journalist Jeremy Scahill documented Chevron Corporation's role in a confrontation between the Nigerian Army and villagers who had seized oil rigs and other equipment belonging to oil corporations. Two villagers were shot and killed during the standoff.^[12] On May 28, 1998, the company provided helicopter transport to the Nigerian Navy and Mobile Police (MOPOL) to their Parabe oil platform which had been occupied by villagers who accused the company of contaminating their land. Soon after landing, the Nigerian military shot and killed two of the protesters, Jola Ogungbeje and Aroleka Irowaninu, and wounded 11 others. Chevron spokesperson Sola Omole acknowledged that the company transported the troops, and that use of troops was at the request of Chevron's management. The documentary, "Drilling and Killing: Chevron and Nigeria's Oil Dictatorship", won the George Polk Award in 1998.

Michael Delli Carpini, dean of the Annenberg School for Communication, said, "She's not an editorialist. She sticks to the facts... She provides points of view that make you think, and she comes at it by saying: 'Who are we not hearing from in the traditional media?'"^[13]

Arrest at 2008 Republican Convention[link]

During the 2008 Republican National Convention, several of Goodman's colleagues from Democracy Now! were arrested and detained by police while reporting on an anti-war protest outside the RNC.^[14] While trying to ascertain the status of her colleagues, Goodman herself was arrested and held, accused of obstructing a legal process and interfering with a police officer,^[15] while fellow Democracy Now! producers including reporter Sharif Abdel Kouddous were held on charges of probable cause for riot.^[16] The arrests of the producers were videotaped.^[17] Goodman and her colleagues were later released,^[18] and City Attorney John Choi indicated that the charges would be dropped.^[19] Goodman's (et al.) civil lawsuit against the St. Paul and Minneapolis police departments and the Secret Service resulted in a $100,000 settlement, as well as an agreement to educate officers in First Amendment rights of press and public.^[20][21][22]

Douglas border crossing incident[link]

On November 25, 2009, Goodman was detained for approximately 90 minutes at the Douglas border crossing into Canada while en route to a scheduled meeting at the Vancouver Public Library.^[23] During an interview of her and her colleagues, Immigration officials asked questions pertaining to their intended topics of discussion at the meeting. They wanted to know whether she would be speaking about the 2010 Olympic Games to be held in Canada.^[24]

"I was completely surprised by what he was asking and did not know what he was getting at. I'm an anti-sports fan," she told a CBC Radio interviewer. "At Democracy Now, we don't cover sports much."^[24]

Goodman was eventually permitted to enter Canada after the customs authorities took four photographs of her and stapled a "control document" into her passport demanding that she leave Canada within 48 hours.^[24][25] MSNBC's Keith Olbermann commented: "If you‘re that desperate to prevent criticism of some Olympic games, you shouldn‘t detain a noted commentator and write her scripts for her."^[26]

Dave Zirin of the Huffington Post quotes Derrick O'Keefe, co-chair of the Canadian Peace Alliance, as saying: "It's pretty unlikely that the harassment of a well-known and respected journalist like Amy Goodman about whether she might be speaking about the Olympics was the initiative of one over-zealous, bad-apple Canadian border guard. This looks like a clear sign of the chill that the IOC and the Games' local corporate boosters want to put out against any potential dissent."^[27]

Recognition[link]

Goodman has received dozens^[28] of awards for her work, including the Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award^[29] and the George Polk Award.^[30] In 2001, she declined to accept the Overseas Press Club Award, in protest of the group's pledge not to ask questions of keynote speaker Ambassador Richard Holbrooke and because the OPC was honoring Indonesia for their improved treatment of journalists despite the fact that its forces had recently beaten and killed reporters in occupied East Timor.^[31]

On October 2, 2004, Goodman was presented the Islamic Community Award for Journalism by the Council on American-Islamic Relations.^[32] In 2006 she received the Puffin/Nation Prize for Creative Citizenship.^[33]

On November 18, 2004, Goodman was presented the Thomas Merton Award.^[34]

On October 1, 2008, Goodman was named as a recipient of the 2008 Right Livelihood Award,^[35] and often refers to it as the "Alternative Nobel Prize". The Right Livelihood Award Foundation cited her work in "developing an innovative model of truly independent grassroots political journalism that brings to millions of people the alternative voices that are often excluded by the mainstream media." The prize was awarded in the Swedish Parliament on December 8, 2008.^[36]

On March 31, 2009, Goodman was the recipient (along with Glenn Greenwald) of the first Izzy Awards for independent media, named after journalist I. F. Stone. The award is presented by Ithaca College's Park Center for Independent Media.^[37]

In May of 2012, Goodman received an honorary Doctor of Letters degree from DePauw University in recognition of her journalistic work.^[38]

Books[link]

• 2004 — The Exception to the Rulers: Exposing Oily Politicians, War Profiteers, and the Media That Love Them co-written with her brother, Mother Jones reporter David Goodman. ISBN 1-4013-0799-X

• 2006 — Static: Government Liars, Media Cheerleaders, and the People who Fight Back (also with David Goodman). She appeared on the Colbert Report on October 5, 2006 to promote the book. ISBN 1-4013-0293-9

• 2008 — Standing up to the Madness: Ordinary Heroes in Extraordinary Times (also with David Goodman) details the capabilities of ordinary citizens to enact change. Was on the New York Times bestseller list. ISBN 1-4013-2288-3

• 2009 — Breaking the Sound Barrier (with a preface by journalist Bill Moyers), an anthology of columns written for King Features Syndicate. In her first piece she wrote: "My column will include voices so often excluded, people whose views the media mostly ignore, issues they distort and even ridicule."^[39] ISBN 1-931859-99-X

Film[link]

In 2006, Goodman narrated the film One Bright Shining Moment: The Forgotten Summer of George McGovern. Directed by Stephen Vittoria, the documentary chronicles the life and times of George McGovern, focusing on his failed 1972 bid for the presidency. The film features McGovern, Gloria Steinem, Gore Vidal, Warren Beatty, Howard Zinn, Ron Kovic, and Dick Gregory. The film won the Sarasota Film Festival's award for "Best Documentary Feature."

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Amy Goodman

• Democracy Now! — official website
• Amy Goodman at AlterNet
• Amy Goodman on Charlie Rose

U.S. Navy F/A-18 breaking the sound barrier. The white halo formed by condensed water droplets is thought to result from a drop in air pressure around the aircraft at transonic speeds (see Prandtl-Glauert Singularity).^[1][2]

1. Subsonic
2. Mach 1
3. Supersonic
4. Shock wave

The sound barrier, in aerodynamics, is the point at which an aircraft moves from transonic to supersonic speed. The term, which occasionally has other meanings, came into use during World War II, when a number of aircraft started to encounter the effects of compressibility, a collection of several unrelated aerodynamic effects that "struck" their planes like an impediment to further acceleration. By the 1950s, new aircraft designs routinely "broke" the sound barrier.^{[N 1]}

History[link]

Some common whips such as the bullwhip or sparewhip are able to move faster than sound: the tip of the whip breaks the sound barrier and causes a sharp crack—literally a sonic boom.^[3] Firearms since the 19th century have generally had a supersonic muzzle velocity.

The sound barrier may have been first breached in nature some 150 million years ago. Some paleobiologists report that, based on computer models of their biomechanical capabilities, certain long-tailed dinosaurs such as Apatosaurus and Diplodocus may have possessed the ability to flick their tails at supersonic velocities, possibly used to generate an intimidating booming sound. This finding is theoretical and disputed by others in the field.^[4] Meteorites entering the Earth's atmosphere usually, if not always, descend faster than sound.

Early problems[link]

The tip of the propeller on many early aircraft may reach supersonic speeds, producing a noticeable buzz that differentiates such aircraft. This is particularly noticeable on the Stearman, and noticeable on the T-6 Texan when it enters a sharp-breaking turn. This is undesirable, as the transonic air movement creates disruptive shock waves and turbulence. It is due to these effects that propellers are known to suffer from dramatically decreased performance as they approach the speed of sound. It is easy to demonstrate that the power needed to improve performance is so great that the weight of the required engine grows faster than the power output of the propeller. This problem was one of the issues that led to early research into jet engines, notably by Frank Whittle in England and Hans von Ohain in Germany, who were led to their research specifically in order to avoid these problems in high-speed flight.

Nevertheless, propeller aircraft were able to approach the speed of sound in a dive. Unfortunately, doing so led to numerous crashes for a variety of reasons. For instance, pilots flew full power into terrain because the rapidly increasing forces acting on the control surfaces of their aircraft- most infamously, the Mitsubishi Zero^{[citation needed]}- overpowered them. In its case, several attempts to fix it only made the problem worse. Likewise, the flexing caused by the low torsional stiffness of the Supermarine Spitfire's wings caused them, in turn, to counteract aileron control inputs, leading to a condition known as control reversal. This was solved in later models with changes to the wing. Worse still, a particularly dangerous interaction of the airflow between the wings and tail surfaces of diving P-38 Lightning's made "pulling out" of dives difficult; however, the problem was later solved by the addition of a "dive flap" that upset the airflow under these circumstances. Flutter due to the formation of shock waves on curved surfaces was another major problem, which led most famously to the breakup of de Havilland Swallow and death of its pilot, Geoffrey de Havilland, Jr.

All of these effects, although unrelated in most ways, led to the concept of a "barrier" that makes it difficult for an aircraft to break the speed of sound. ^{[N 2]}

Early claims[link]

There are, however, several claims that the sound barrier was broken during World War II. Hans Guido Mutke claimed to have broken the sound barrier on 9 April 1945 in a Messerschmitt Me 262. Mutke reported not just transonic buffeting but the resumption of normal control once a certain speed was exceeded, then a resumption of severe buffeting once the Me 262 slowed again. He also reported engine flame out. However, this claim is widely disputed by various experts believing the Me 262's structure could not support high transonic, let alone supersonic flight.^[6] The lack of area ruled fuselage and 10 percent thick wings did not prevent other aircraft from exceeding Mach 1 in dives. Chuck Yeager's Bell X-1, the North American F-86 Sabre (with Me-262 profile ^[7][8]) and the Convair Sea Dart seaplane exceeded Mach 1 without area rule fuselages. Computational tests carried out by Professor Otto Wagner of the Munich Technical University in 1999 suggest the Me 262 was capable of supersonic flight during steep dives. Recovering from the dive and the resumption of severe buffeting once subsonic flight was resumed would have been very likely to damage the craft terminally.

On page 13 of the "Me 262 A-1 Pilot's Handbook" issued by Headquarters Air Materiel Command, Wright Field, Dayton, Ohio as Report No. F-SU-1111-ND on January 10, 1946:

Speeds of 950 km/h (590 mph) are reported to have been attained in a shallow dive 20° to 30° from the horizontal. No vertical dives were made. At speeds of 950 to 1,000 km/h (590 to 620 mph) the air flow around the aircraft reaches the speed of sound, and it is reported that the control surfaces no longer affect the direction of flight. The results vary with different airplanes: some wing over and dive while others dive gradually. It is also reported that once the speed of sound is exceeded, this condition disappears and normal control is restored.

The comments about restoration of flight control and cessation of buffeting above Mach 1 are very significant in a 1946 document.

In his book Me-163, former Messerschmitt Me 163 "Komet" pilot Mano Ziegler claims that his friend, test pilot Heini Dittmar, broke the sound barrier when steep diving the rocket plane and that several people on the ground heard the sonic booms. Heini Dittmar had been accurately and officially recorded at 1,004.5 km/h (623.8 mph) in level flight on 2 October 1941 in the prototype Me 163 V4. He reached this speed at less than full throttle, as he was concerned by the transonic buffeting. The craft's Walter RII-203 cold rocket engine produced 7.34 kN (750 kgp / 1,650 lbf) thrust. The flight was made after a drop launch from a carrier plane to conserve fuel, a record that was kept secret until the war's end. The craft's potential performance in a powered dive is unknown, but the Me 163B test version of the series rocket plane had an even more powerful engine (HWK 109-509 A-2) and a greater wing sweep than the Me 163A. Ziegler claims that on 6 July 1944, Heini Dittmar, flying a test Me 163 B V18 VA + SP, was measured traveling at a speed of 1,130 km/h.^[9]

Similar claims for the Spitfire and other propeller aircraft are more suspect. It is now known that traditional airspeed gauges using a pitot tube give inaccurately high readings in the transonic regime, apparently due to shock waves interacting with the tube or the static source. This led to problems then known as "Mach jump^[10]

Attempts to break the sound barrier[link]

The first powered flight faster than sound may have been the Soviet ramjet experiments of Yuri Pobedonostsev in 1933. Phosphorus-powered ramjets achieved speeds of 600–680 meters/second (Mach 2).^[11] Another early vehicle to break the sound barrier was probably the first successful test launch of the German V-2 ballistic missile on 3 October 1942, at Peenemünde in Germany. By September 1944, the V-2s routinely achieved Mach 4 (1,200 m/s) during terminal descent.

In 1942 the United Kingdom's Ministry of Aviation began a top secret project with Miles Aircraft to develop the world's first aircraft capable of breaking the sound barrier. The project resulted in the development of the prototype Miles M.52 jet aircraft, which was designed to reach 1,000 mph (417 m/s; 1,600 km/h) at 36,000 ft (11 km) in 1 minute 30 sec.

The aircraft's design introduced many innovations which are still used on today's supersonic aircraft. The single most important development was the all-moving tailplane, giving extra control to counteract the Mach tuck which allowed control to be maintained to and beyond supersonic speeds. This was wind-tunnel tested at Mach 0.86 in 1944 in the UK.^[12] In the immediate postwar era new data from captured German records suggested that major savings in drag could be had through a variety of means such as swept wings, and Director of Scientific Research, Sir Ben Lockspeiser, decided to cancel the project in light of this new information. Later experimentation with the Miles M.52 design proved that the aircraft would indeed have broken the sound barrier, with an unpiloted 3/10 scale replica of the M.52 achieving Mach 1.5 in October 1948.^[13] By that time, the sound barrier had been broken by the Americans, and also by the British De Havilland DH 108.

Sound barrier officially broken[link]

U.S. efforts progressed apace soon after Britain had disclosed all its research and designs to the U.S. government on the promise that U.S. information would be shared the other way - a promise that the Americans did not keep.^[14] They utilized the information to initiate work on the Bell XS-1. The final version of the Bell XS-1 has many design similarities to the original Miles M.52 version. Also featuring the all-moving tail, the XS-1 was later known as the X-1. It was in the X-1 that Chuck Yeager was credited with being the first man to break the sound barrier in level flight on 14 October 1947, flying at an altitude of 45,000 ft (13.7 km). George Welch made a plausible but officially unverified claim to have broken the sound barrier on 1 October 1947, while flying an XP-86 Sabre. He also claimed to have repeated his supersonic flight on 14 October 1947, 30 minutes before Yeager broke the sound barrier in the Bell X-1. Although evidence from witnesses and instruments strongly imply that Welch achieved supersonic speed, the flights were not properly monitored and are not officially recognized. The XP-86 officially achieved supersonic speed on 26 April 1948.^[15]

On 14 October 1947, just under a month after the United States Air Force had been created as a separate service, the tests culminated in the first manned supersonic flight, piloted by Air Force Captain Charles "Chuck" Yeager in aircraft #46-062, which he had christened Glamorous Glennis. The rocket-powered aircraft was launched from the bomb bay of a specially modified B-29 and glided to a landing on a runway. XS-1 flight number 50 is the first one where the X-1 recorded supersonic flight, at Mach 1.06 (361 m/s, 1,299 km/h, 807.2 mph) peak speed; however, Yeager and many other personnel believe Flight #49 (also with Yeager piloting), which reached a top recorded speed of Mach 0.997 (339 m/s, 1,221 km/h), may have, in fact, exceeded Mach 1.^{[citation needed]} (The measurements were not accurate to three significant figures and no sonic boom was recorded for that flight.)

As a result of the X-1's initial supersonic flight, the National Aeronautics Association voted its 1948 Collier Trophy to be shared by the three main participants in the program. Honored at the White House by President Harry S. Truman were Larry Bell for Bell Aircraft, Captain Yeager for piloting the flights, and John Stack for the NACA contributions.

Jackie Cochran was the first woman to break the sound barrier on May 18, 1953, in a Canadair Sabre, with Yeager as her wingman.

The sound barrier fades[link]

Chuck Yeager broke the sound barrier on October 14, 1947 in the Bell X-1, as shown in this newsreel.

As the science of high-speed flight became more widely understood, a number of changes led to the eventual disappearance of the "sound barrier". Among these were the introduction of swept wings, the area rule, and engines of ever-increasing performance. By the 1950s many combat aircraft could routinely break the sound barrier in level flight, although they often suffered from control problems when doing so, such as Mach tuck. Modern aircraft can transit the "barrier" without it even being noticeable.^{[citation needed]}

By the late 1950s the issue was so well understood that many companies started investing in the development of supersonic airliners, or SSTs, believing that to be the next "natural" step in airliner evolution. History has proven this not to be the case, at least yet, but Concorde and the Tupolev Tu-144 both entered service in the 1970s regardless.

Although Concorde and the Tu-144 were the first aircraft to carry commercial passengers at supersonic speeds, they were not the first or only commercial airliners to break the sound barrier. On 21 August 1961, a Douglas DC-8 broke the sound barrier at Mach 1.012 or 1,240 km/h (776.2 mph) while in a controlled dive through 41,088 feet (12,510 m). The purpose of the flight was to collect data on a new leading-edge design for the wing.^[16] A China Airlines 747 may have broken the sound barrier in an unplanned descent from 41,000 ft (12,500 m) to 9,500 ft (2,900 m) after an in-flight upset on 19 February 1985. It also reached over 5g.^[17]

Breaking the sound barrier in a land vehicle[link]

On 12 January 1948, a Northrop unmanned rocket sled became the first land vehicle to break the sound barrier. At a military test facility at Muroc Air Force Base (now Edwards AFB), California, it reached a peak speed of 1,019 mph (1,640 km/h) before jumping the rails. ^[18][19]

On 15 October 1997, in a vehicle designed and built by a team led by Richard Noble, British driver (and Royal Air Force pilot) Andy Green became the first person to break the sound barrier in a land vehicle in compliance with Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile rules. The vehicle, called the ThrustSSC ("Super Sonic Car"), captured the record exactly 50 years and one day after Yeager's flight.

References[link]

Notes

Citations

Bibliography

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Sound barrier

• Fluid Mechanics, a collection of tutorials by Dr. Mark S. Cramer, Ph.D
• Breaking the Sound Barrier with an Aircraft by Carl Rod Nave, Ph.D
• a video of a Concorde reaching Mach 1 at intersection TESGO taken from below
• An interactive Java applet, illustrating the sound barrier.
• F-18 breaks the sound barrier

Charlie Rose
Rose in May 2010
Born	Charles Peete Rose, Jr. (1942-01-05) January 5, 1942 (age 70) Henderson, North Carolina, U.S.
Education	Duke University B.A. (1964) Duke University J.D. (1968)
Occupation	Talk show host Journalist
Years active	1972–present
Notable credit(s)	Charlie Rose, 60 Minutes II, 60 Minutes, CBS News Nightwatch, CBS This Morning
Website
http://www.charlierose.com/

Charles Peete "Charlie" Rose, Jr. (born January 5, 1942)^[1] is an American television talk show host and journalist. Since 1991 he has hosted Charlie Rose, an interview show distributed nationally by PBS since 1993. He has also co-anchored CBS This Morning since January 2012. Rose, along with Lara Logan, has hosted the revived CBS classic Person to Person, a news program during which celebrities are interviewed in their homes, originally hosted from 1953 to 1961 by Edward R. Murrow.^[2]

Early life[link]

Rose was born in Henderson, North Carolina, the only child^[3] of Margaret Frazier and Charles Peete Rose, Sr., tobacco farmers who owned a country store.^[4][5] As a child, Rose lived above his parents' store in Henderson and helped out with the family business from age seven.^[6] Rose admitted in a Fresh Dialogues interview that as a child his insatiable curiosity was constantly getting him in trouble.^[7] A high school basketball star, Rose entered Duke University intending to pursue a degree with a pre-med track, but an internship in the office of Democratic North Carolina Senator B. Everett Jordan got him interested in politics.^[8] Rose graduated in 1964 with a bachelor's degree in history. At Duke, he was a member of the Kappa Alpha Order fraternity. He earned a Juris Doctor from the Duke University School of Law in 1968.^[6] He met his wife, Mary (née King), while attending Duke.^[3][4]

Career[link]

After his wife was hired by the BBC (in New York), Rose handled some assignments for the BBC on a freelance basis. In 1972, while continuing to work at Bankers Trust, he landed a job as a weekend reporter for WPIX-TV. His break came in 1974, after Bill Moyers hired Rose as managing editor for the PBS series Bill Moyers' International Report. In 1975, Moyers named Rose executive producer of Bill Moyers Journal. Rose soon began appearing on camera. "A Conversation with Jimmy Carter," one installment of Moyers's series U.S.A.: People and Politics, won a 1976 Peabody Award. Rose worked at several networks honing his interview skills until KXAS-TV in Dallas-Fort Worth hired him as program manager and gave him the late-night time slot that would become the Charlie Rose show.

Rose worked for CBS News (1984–1990) as the anchor of CBS News Nightwatch, the network's first late-night news broadcast. The Nightwatch broadcast of Rose's interview with Charles Manson won an Emmy Award in 1987.^[4] In 1990, Rose left CBS to serve as anchor of Personalities, a syndicated program produced by Fox Broadcasting Company, but he got out of his contract after six weeks because of the tabloid-style content of the show. Charlie Rose premiered on PBS station Thirteen/WNET on September 30, 1991, and has been nationally syndicated since January 1993. In 1994, Rose moved the show to a studio owned by Bloomberg Television, which allowed for improved satellite interviewing.^[9]

Rose was a correspondent for 60 Minutes II^[10] from its inception in January 1999 until its cancellation in September 2005, and was later named a correspondent on 60 Minutes.^[11]

Rose was a member of the board of directors of Citadel Broadcasting Corporation from 2003 to 2009.^[3] In May 2010, Charlie Rose delivered the commencement address at North Carolina State University.

On November 15, 2011, it was announced that Rose would return to CBS to help anchor CBS This Morning, replacing The Early Show, commencing January 9, 2012, along with co-anchors Erica Hill and Gayle King.

Cameo appearances[link]

Rose has appeared as himself in the 1998 film Primary Colors,^[12] in a 2000 episode of The Simpsons^[13] and in the 2008 movie Elegy.^[14] He and his show were also used in the Wes Anderson film The Royal Tenenbaums. He also appears as himself in the 2011 George Clooney directed film, The Ides of March.

[edit] Accusations of conflict of interest

While hosting the 2002 Coca-Cola Company shareholders' meeting, Rose said "few companies are able to connect as completely with consumers in the way that Coca-Cola is. It is a privilege to be associated with [The Coca-Cola family] ... This is the business of Coca-Cola: being part of a family, being worldwide, doing well and doing good at the same time."^[15] Afterward, Coca-Cola agreed to become what Rose called "a leading underwriter" of The Charlie Rose Show, paying "six or possibly seven figures."^[16] Even the Charlie Rose mugs used on his PBS show feature a Coca-Cola logo on one side.^[17][18] Although CBS News policy bars correspondents from doing commercials and product endorsements, the Washington Post reported CBS was "comfortable" with Rose's actions. Rose insists he "would never do a story on 60 Minutes II about anybody who underwrites my PBS show."^[16]

[edit] Quiet influence

The New York Times reported that Rose encouraged a discussion between the leaders of NBC and Fox, that led eventually to a mutual reduction in ad hominem attacks between Keith Olbermann and Bill O'Reilly on their respective news programs.^[19]

Rose has attended several Bilderberg Group conference meetings, including meetings held in the United States in 2008;^[20] Spain in 2010;^[21] and Switzerland in 2011.^[22] These unofficial conferences hold guests from North America and Western Europe, most of whom are political leaders and businessmen. Details of meetings are closed off to the public and strictly invitation-only, and critics^[who?] speculate the controversial nature of these meetings of highly influential people. Accusations from conspiracy theorists against The Charlie Rose show claim that it has become the US media outlet for Bilderberg.^{[23][unreliable source?]}

Personal life[link]

Rose's twelve-year marriage to Mary Rose (née King) ended in divorce in 1980. Mary is the sister-in-law of Morgan Stanley Chairman John J. Mack. Since 1993, his companion has been socialite and chairman of the New York City Planning Commission and director of the city department of planning Amanda Burden, a stepdaughter of CBS founder William S. Paley.^[24]

On March 29, 2006, after experiencing shortness of breath in Syria, Rose was flown to Paris and underwent surgery for mitral valve repair in the Georges-Pompidou European Hospital. His surgery was performed under the supervision of Alain F. Carpentier, a pioneer of the procedure.^[25] Rose returned to the air on June 12, 2006, with Bill Moyers and Yvette Vega (the show's executive producer), to discuss his surgery and recuperation.

In a 2009 Fresh Dialogues interview, Rose described his life as "great and glorious."^[7] He added, '"I get up every morning with a new adventure. The adventure is fueled by interesting people. I get a chance to control my own destiny. I do something that is immediately either appreciated or not. I get feedback."

Rose owns a 575-acre (2.33 km²) farm in Oxford, North Carolina, an apartment overlooking Central Park in New York City, a beach house in Bellport, New York, an apartment in Washington D.C.^[3] and an apartment in Paris, France.

References[link]

External links[link]

This article's use of external links may not follow Wikipedia's policies or guidelines. Please improve this article by removing excessive or inappropriate external links, and converting useful links where appropriate into footnote references. (March 2012)

• Charlie Rose Official website of his eponymous show
• Charlie Rose official channel on YouTube
• Appearances on C-SPAN
• Charlie Rose at the Internet Movie Database
• Charlie Rose collected news and commentary at the Los Angeles Times
• Charlie Rose collected news and commentary at The New York Times
• Charlie Rose at the Notable Names Database
• Charlie Rose shows on Hulu
• celebritynetworth.com, Celebrity Net Worth, Charlie Rose
• Why Business Loves Charlie Rose David A. Kaplan, Fortune, September 28, 2009

Kevin James Barrett (born February 1959) is a former university lecturer and Muslim convert.^[1][2] He is a member of the Scientific Panel for the Investigation of 9/11 (SPINE),^[3] and is a founding member of the Muslim-Jewish-Christian Alliance (MUJCA), established October 30, 2004 ^[4] with the stated aim of improving "interfaith dialogue, coexistence, and understanding" in light of the events of 9/11.^[5] Barrett first received national attention when he introduced Dr. David Ray Griffin at Griffin's lecture in April 2005, in Madison, Wisconsin to 450 people. The talk was shown on C-Span's Book TV.^[6]

In the fall of 2006, Barrett taught an introductory class called "Islam: Religion and Culture", an undergraduate course for which he had formerly been a teaching assistant.^[7] Before the semester began, it was reported that he planned to devote a week or two of the sixteen-week class to the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack and the War on Terrorism. Controversy erupted when it became known Barrett was planning to discuss conspiracy theories in his lectures.^[8] An internal university review found that "although Mr. Barrett presented a variety of viewpoints, he had not discussed his personal opinions in the classroom" and that the department-approved syllabus, which included a section on the War on Terror, had been followed.^[9]

Early life[link]

Barrett was born in Madison, Wisconsin in 1959 to Olympic sailor Peter Barrett and University of Wisconsin–Whitewater professor Laurie Barrett.^[10]

In the early 1990s, Barrett received master's degrees in both English literature and French from San Francisco State University and married a Moroccan-born Muslim woman.^[11] He converted to Islam in 1992, having been a former Unitarian.^[1][12]

Barrett returned to the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1995. The United States State Department gave him a Fulbright Scholarship in 1999 to study a year in Morocco. He received a Ph.D. in African languages and literature with a minor in folklore from the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 2004, focusing his dissertation on the topic of Moroccan legend.^[7][11][13] Barrett has taught English, French, Arabic, American Civilization, Humanities, African Literature, Folklore, and Islam at colleges and universities in the San Francisco Bay area, Paris, and Madison, Wisconsin.^[1]

9/11 Truth[link]

Barrett first drew attention to his views by publishing guest op-eds in the Madison Capital Times, in which he alleged that Muslims had nothing to do with the attacks: "As a Ph.D. Islamologist and Arabist I really hate to say this, but I'll say it anyway: 9/11 had nothing to do with Islam. The war on terror is as phony as the latest Osama bin Laden tape."^[14] Barrett has also alleged the 2005 London bombings and the 2004 Madrid bombing appear to have been committed by U.S. or western military intelligence and not Islamic terrorists.

Following a June 28, 2006 talk radio segment on WTMJ, Barrett's views came to the attention of Wisconsin Governor Jim Doyle, U.S. Representative Mark Green, and State Representative Stephen L. Nass. After conducting a 10-day review of Barrett's past teaching and plans for the class, UW–Madison Provost Patrick Farrell determined that Barrett was fit to teach. Barrett told the Provost that his course will spend one week examining current issues, such as viewpoints on the war on terror which will be based on the discussion on readings representing a variety of viewpoints.^[7]

Barrett has written a largely autobiographical book covering the controversy, entitled "Truth Jihad: My Epic Struggle against the 9/11 Big Lie," published by Progressive Press in early 2007. He also edited "9/11 and American Empire" (vol. 2) from Interlink Books, published in Dec. 2006.

Barrett taught the Fall 2006 class he'd been hired for. Comments in students' class evaluation forms were 73% generally favorable, and Provost Farrell said he'd mostly heard positive comments about the class.^[15]

Also in fall 2006 Barrett began hosting an Internet talk show weekly on Republic Broadcasting Network titled "Truth Jihad Radio." Twice a week he had another Internet talk show on the Genesis Communications Network called "The Dynamic Duo," (hosted on other days of the week by Dr. James Fetzer). Fetzer was by this time becoming controversial in the 9/11 Truth movement because of his conflicts with Dr. Steven E. Jones, and Barrett's continued loyalty to Fetzer would come to hurt Barrett's prestige in the movement. The topic of both shows is mainly conspiracy theories surrounding 9/11.

Barrett's views on Jews and Zionism came under focus in late 2006 when statements from an email exchange were documented in which he stated, "As a rational person who is not a specialist in the subject of WWII, but who has studied the history of Zionist Big Lies vis-a-vis Palestine, I cannot possibly dismiss the arguments of people like Green, Irving, and even Zundel."^{[16][unreliable source?]}

Toward the end of the Fall 2006 semester Barrett said he would not teach the following spring due to conflicting plans.^[17] He applied to teach "Canterbury Tales" during the Fall 2007 semester, but was not hired.^[18] After his old lecturer position went to another applicant and Barrett was not hired for another position, Barrett alleged that he had been discriminated against for his political beliefs.^[19]

Recent history[link]

In April and October 2007, Barrett did a series of speaking engagements in Michigan, Chicago, and Wisconsin with William Rodriguez. The month after this tour, Barrett announced to the press his intention to fly to Morocco to "apprehend accused 9/11 hijacker Waleed al-Shehri." ^[20] Unable to locate his quarry, Barrett had to content himself with penning dispatches from cafes, and a humorous airport story. Barrett began promoting Captain Eric May and his numerological predictions of upcoming "false flag" (faked) terrorist attacks, none of which ever came to pass. In early August Barrett spoke at a conference in Madison, "The Science of 9/11: What's Controversial, What's Not" that featured the notion that TV reporting of the World Trade Center attacks was faked.^[21]

In early October, Barrett started the website "WhereTheyLive.org — Confronting the elite and their agents WHERE THEY LIVE" which stated as its mission the publishing of home addresses of evil-doers.^[22] Though the website espoused nonviolent principles, Barrett's simultaneous promotion of the "War on War Week," ^[23] a series of demonstrations that were to feature firecrackers and "V for Vendetta" disguises, led some activists to express concern about the vigilante overtones involved, and after a west-coast 9/11 group voted to deny funding,^[24] the project flopped. Barrett expressed a fascination with the V for Vendetta movie in an interview on internet radio, adding the claim that apartheid had been ended in South Africa through threats of violence, and stating that political power grows from the barrel of a gun.^[25][26]

Later that fall, Barrett resigned as head of MUJCA.

On May 22, Barrett published confidential email correspondence with Noam Chomsky, after Chomsky had asked him to keep the emails private and after Barrett had promised he would do so. Barrett's reason for doing this, he said, was because Chomsky had implied that he was a liar and because Chomsky had backed out of an agreement to appear on Barrett's internet radio program.^{[citation needed]}

Barrett introduced architect Richard Gage at Gage's presentation of "9/11: Blueprint for Truth" at the University of Illinois Chicago campus on May 30, 2008.^[27]

Barrett's "Truth Jihad" internet radio program on Republic Broadcasting Network was cancelled some time in 2008. As of December the program no longer appears on RBN's schedule ^[28] and is omitted from RBN's list of archived programs.^[29] The last available archives are from mid-July, 2008.^[30] As of November 2011, Truth Jihad Radio was currently begin broadcast on American Freedom Radio.

"The Dynamic Duo" radio program on Genesis Communications Network ceased to broadcast after the November 21, 2008 show. Barrett's final live broadcast on that show was on November 7.^[31]

Congressional campaign[link]

Barrett announced in May 2008 his plans to run for U.S Representative in Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district as a third-party challenger to incumbent Rep. Ron Kind in the November 2008 election. On May 14, 2008 Barrett sent an email to supporters claiming to have received the endorsement of WTDY talk radio show host John "Sly" Sylvester. Questions were immediately raised about this claim, which Barrett was never able to prove. Some said Sly was joking.^[32] Also on May 14 Sean Haugh, the Political Director of the National Libertarian Party, asked the Wisconsin Libertarians not to nominate Barrett, and stated that he (Haugh) would "go out of my way to disassociate him from the national LP." ^[33] Michael Badnarik, Libertarian presidential candidate in 2004, has signed the 9/11 Truth Statement,^[34] and Haugh said he had no problem with 9/11 Truthers in the Libertarian party. Barrett won 59% of the Libertarian vote in the primary September 9.^[35]

Wearing a V-for-Vendetta mask, Barrett visited Rep. Kind's office in La Crosse, WI on October 2 to deliver a "pink slip" symbolic of Kind's imminent removal from office in the election November 4. ^[36] A poll sponsored by the La Crosse Tribune, Wisconsin Public Radio and the University of Wisconsin–La Crosse and released a couple of weeks later showed Kind could expect 63 percent of the vote and Barrett 3 percent.^[37]

Barrett received the endorsements of 9/11 activists Dr. Robert M. Bowman, Carol Brouillet, Dr. David Ray Griffin, and Kevin Ryan in late October.^[38] On election day Barrett received 2.3% of the vote, and the incumbent got 62 percent.^[39]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Barrett's Website
• Barrett's Blog
• 2008 Campaign Website
• The Kevin Barrett case at UW–Madison
• Barrett's original website: The Muslim-Christian-Jewish alliance for 9/11 Truth
• Wisconsin State Journal article on the Nass/Barrett Controversy
• Channel 3000: "Official: UW–Madison Will Allow Controversial Instructor To Teach"
• Muslim Jewish Christian Alliance for 9/11 Truth: Holocaust denial, no planes and a State Department grant
• Log of Barrett's Radio and Road Appearances
• Truth Jihad Radio archives, Barrett's weekly radio show
• The Dynamic Duo, Barrett's radio show on The Genesis Communications Network, cohosted with fellow 9/11 activist Jim Fetzer
• Campus Watch What Makes Kevin Barrett Tick?
• Kevin Barrett 911 whistleblower on hannity and colmes on YouTube July 6, 2006

Johan Galtung
Johan Galtung in May 2011 at the 41st St. Gallen Symposium
Born	(1930-10-24) 24 October 1930 (age 81) Oslo, Norway
Fields	Sociology, Peace and conflict studies
Institutions	Columbia University, University of Oslo, Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)
Alma mater	University of Oslo
Known for	Principal founder of peace and conflict studies
Notable awards	Alternative Nobel Prize (1987)

Johan Galtung (born 24 October 1930) is a Norwegian sociologist and the principal founder of the discipline of peace and conflict studies.^[1] He founded the Peace Research Institute Oslo in 1959, serving as its Director until 1970, and established the Journal of Peace Research in 1964. In 1969 he was appointed to the world's first chair in peace and conflict studies, at the University of Oslo. He resigned his professorship in 1977 and has since held professorships at several universities around the world. Galtung is a prolific researcher, having made contributions to many branches of sociology. He has published more than 1000 articles and over 100 books.^{[2][non-primary source needed]} He was awarded the Alternative Nobel Prize in 1987,^{[citation needed]} and has received many other accolades. He is currently a resident of France and the United States.^{[citation needed]}

Galtung is known for contributions to mathematics and sociology in the 1950s, political science in the 1960s, economics and history in the 1970s, macro history, anthropology and theology in the 1980s. He has developed several influential theories, such as the distinction between positive and negative peace, structural violence, theories on conflict and conflict resolution, the structural theory of imperialism, and the theory of the United States as simultaneously a republic and an empire.^[3]

Biography[link]

Galtung was born in Oslo. He earned the cand. real. (PhD)^[4] degree in mathematics at the University of Oslo in 1956, and a year later completed the mag. art. (PhD)^[5] degree in sociology at the same university^[3] . Galtung received the first of nine honorary doctorates in 1975.^{[citation needed]}

Galtung's father and paternal grandfather were both physicians. The Galtung name has its origins in Hordaland, where his paternal grandfather was born. Nevertheless, his mother, Helga Holmboe, was born in central Norway, in Trøndelag, while his father was born in Østfold, in the south. Galtung has been married twice, and has two children by his first wife Ingrid Eide, Harald Galtung and Andreas Galtung, and two by his second wife Fumiko Nishimura, Irene Galtung and Fredrik Galtung, the co-founder and chief executive of Tiri.^[6]

Upon receiving his mag.art. degree, Galtung moved to Columbia University, in New York City, where he taught for five semesters as an assistant professor in the Department of Sociology.^[7] In 1959, Galtung returned to Oslo, where he founded the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO). He served as the institute's director until 1969, and saw the institute develop from a department within the Norwegian Institute of Social Research into an independent research institute with enabling funds from the Norwegian Ministry of Education.^[8]

In 1964, Galtung led PRIO to establish the first academic journal devoted to Peace Studies: the Journal of Peace Research.^[8] In the same year, he assisted in the founding of the International Peace Research Association.^[9]

In 1969 he left PRIO for a position as professor of peace and conflict research at the University of Oslo, a position he held until 1978.^[8] He then served as the director general of the International University Centre in Dubrovnik, also serving as the president of the World Future Studies Federation.^[10] He has also held visiting positions at other universities, including Santiago, Chile, the United Nations University in Geneva, and at Columbia, Princeton and the University of Hawaii.^[11] He has served at so many universities that he has "probably taught more students on more campuses around the world than any other contemporary sociologist."^[10] Galtung is currently teaching courses in the Human Science Department at Saybrook University.^[12]

He is a member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.^[13]

Mediation for peace[link]

Galtung experienced World War II in German-occupied Norway, and as a 12 year old saw his father arrested by the Nazis. By 1951 he was already a committed peace mediator, and elected to do 18 months of social service in place of his obligatory military service. After 12 months, Galtung insisted that the remainder of his social service be spent in activities relevant to peace, to which the Norwegian authorities responded by sending him to prison, where he served six months.^[7]

While Galtung's academic research is clearly intended to promote peace, he has shifted toward more concrete and constructive peace mediation as he has grown older. In 1993, he co-founded "Transcend - A Peace, Development and Environment Network,"^{[14][non-primary source needed]} an organization for conflict transformation by peaceful means. There are four traditional but unsatisfactory ways in which conflicts between two parties are handled:

1. A wins, B loses;
2. B wins, A loses;
3. the solution is postponed because neither A nor B feels ready to end the conflict;
4. a confused compromise is reached, which neither A nor B are happy with.

Galtung tries to break with these four unsatisfactory ways of handling a conflict by finding a "fifth way," where both A and B feel that they win. The method also insists that basic human needs – such as survival, physical well-being, liberty, and identity – be respected.^[15]

Galtung himself has employed the "Transcend" Method while serving as a negotiator in a number of international conflicts. He views his role as that of helping the parties clarify their objectives, and working to come up with solutions that meet the objectives of all parties. He presents them with concrete proposals that are intended to give both sides the sense that they are winners. The 1995 negotiations between Ecuador and Peru are an example of the apparent success of these methods: the two countries had fought three wars since 1941 over an uninhabited and resource-poor border region. Galtung proposed converting the area to a bi-national park, and both sides found this an acceptable solution.^[15]

Major ideas[link]

Galtung's theoretical work proposes that there are four ways in which conflict can emerge: conflicts within a person or between persons; conflicts between races, sexes, generations, or classes; conflicts between states; and conflicts between civilizations or multi-state regions, such as the Cold War.^[15]

He first conceptualized peacebuilding by calling for systems that would create sustainable peace. The peacebuilding structures needed to address the root causes of conflict and support local capacity for peace management and conflict resolution.^[16]

Galtung has held several significant positions in international research councils and has been an advisor to several international organisations. Since 2004 he has been a member of the Advisory Council of the Committee for a Democratic UN.

He has also written many empirical and theoretical articles, dealing most frequently with issues of peace and conflict research. His work is distinguished by his unique perspective as well as the importance he attributes to innovation and interdisciplinarity.

He is one of the authors of an influential account of news values which are the factors which determine what coverage is given to what stories in the news. Galtung also originated the concept of Peace Journalism, which is increasingly influential in communications and media studies.

Galtung is frequently referenced with regard to concepts with which he is strongly associated:

• Structural violence - widely defined as the systematic ways in which a regime prevents individuals from achieving their full potential. Institutionalized racism and sexism are examples of this.
• Negative vs. Positive Peace - introduced the concept that peace may be more than just the absence of overt violent conflict (negative peace), and will likely include a range of relationships up to a state where nations (or any groupings in conflict) might have collaborative and supportive relationships (positive peace).

He has also distinguished himself in public debates concerning, among other things, less-developed countries, defence issues, and the Norwegian EU-debate. In 1987 he was given the Right Livelihood Award. He developed the TRANSCEND Method described above. Economist and fellow peace researcher Kenneth Boulding has said of Galtung that his "output is so large and so varied that it is hard to believe that it comes from a human".^[17]

Galtung's theory of the U.S. as a republic/empire[link]

For Johan Galtung, the U.S. is simultaneously a republic and an empire, a distinction he believes is highly relevant. The U.S. is on the one hand loved for its republican qualities, and on the other loathed by its enemies abroad for its perceived military aggressions.

Among the former qualities are its work ethic and dynamism, productivity and creativity, the idea of freedom, or liberty, and a pioneering spirit.

On the other hand its military and political manipulation are censured for their aggressiveness, arrogance, violence, hypocrisy and self-righteousness, as well as the US public ignorance of other cultures and extreme materialism.^[18]

In 1973, Galtung criticised the “structural fascism” of the United States (and other Western countries) that make war to secure materials and markets, stating that: “Such an economic system is called capitalism, and when it’s spread in this way to other countries it’s called imperialism,” and has praised Fidel Castro for “break[ing] free of imperialism’s iron grip.” Galtung has stated that the United States is a “killer country” that is guilty of “neo-fascist state terrorism” and compared the United States to Nazi Germany for bombing Kosovo during the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia.”^{[19] [20]}

In an article published in 2004 in Galtung predicted that the US Empire will "decline and fall" by 2020." A complex hypothesis he has developed into a prognosis expanded on in his 2009 book titled The Fall of the US Empire - and Then What? Successors, Regionalization or Globalization? US Fascism or US Blossoming?^[21][22]

According to Galtung, the US Empire causes "unbearable suffering and resentment" because the "exploiters/ killers/ dominators/ alienators, and those who support the US Empire because of perceived benefits" are engaging in "unequal, non-sustainable, exchange patterns." However, Galtung added that the decline of the US Empire does not imply a fall and decline of the US republic and that the "relief from the burden of Empire control and maintenance...could lead to a blossoming of the US Republic." In the Article, Galtung lists fourteen 'contradictions' that, he believes, in the next fifteen years, in 2020, will cause the 'decline and fall' of the American empire.^[22]

Commenting further on these views on the radio and television program Democracy Now, he stated that he loved the American Republic and hated the American Empire. He added that many Americans had thanked him for this statement (on his lecture tours) because of the great difficulty they were having in trying to resolve the conflict between their love for their country and their displeasure with its foreign policy.^[23]

Predictions[link]

Since the fall of the Soviet Union, Galtung has made several predictions of when the USA will no longer be a functioning superpower, a stance that has attracted some controversy. After the beginning of the Iraq War, he revised his prediction of the "downfall of the US-Empire", seeing it as more imminent.^[24] He claims the U.S. will go through a phase as a fascist dictatorship on its path down, and that the Patriot Act is a symptom of this. He claims the election of George W. Bush cost the U.S. empire five years - although he admits that this estimate was set a bit arbitrarily. He now sets the date for the end of the American Empire at 2020, but not the American Republic. Like Great Britain, Russia and France, he says the American Republic will be better off without the Empire.

Galtung has made predictions which have failed to materialize. For example, City Journal claims that in 1953, Galtung predicted that the Soviet Union's economy would soon overtake the West.^[25]

Criticism[link]

During the course of his career, some of Galtung statements and views have drawn criticism. A 2007 article by Bruce Bawer published in City Journal magazine and a subsequent article in February 2009 by Barbara Kay in the National Post criticised some of Galtung's statements.

Both authors criticized Galtung's opinion that while Communist China was “repressive in a certain liberal sense,” Mao Zedong was “endlessly liberating when seen from many other perspectives that liberal theory has never understood” because China showed that “the whole theory about what an ‘open society’ is must be rewritten, probably also the theory of ‘democracy’—and it will take a long time before the West will be willing to view China as a master teacher in such subjects.” The authors also criticized Galtung's opposition to Hungarian resistance against the Soviet invasion in 1956 and his description in 1974 of Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Andrei Sakharov as “persecuted elite personages”.^[26][27]

Both of the above articles alleged that he has suggested that the annihilation of Washington, D.C., would be a fair punishment for America’s arrogant view of itself as “a model for everyone else.” However, Galtung has called the September 11 attacks "criminal political violence".^[28]

Alleged Anti-Semitism[link]

Galtung was widely criticized by Norwegian media and academics and accused of lending his authority to anti-Semitic ideas following public remarks in 2011 and 2012 about the legitimacy of hypothesizing Mossad involvement in the 2011 Norway attacks and the merits of the Protocols of the Elders of Zion.^[29][30][31] Expanding on his views in a Haaretz interview, Galtung stated regarding Auschwitz that "[it was] not unproblematic that Jews had key niches in a society humiliated by defeat at Versailles", since this "created anti-Semitism that could have been predicted."^[32] His remarks drew international criticism and accusations of antisemitism,^[33][34][35] which Galtung dismissed as "nonsense."^[36]

Selected works[link]

• Statistical hypothesis testing (1953, Department of Sociology, University of Oslo [in Norwegian])
• Gandhi's political ethics (1955) (with philosopher Arne Næss)
• Theory and Methods of Social Research (1967)
• Members of Two Worlds (1971)
• Peace, violence and imperialism (1974)
• Peace Research – Education – Action (1975)
• A Shaping Nightmare (1983)
• Europe in the Making (1989)
• Global Glasnost: Toward a New World Information and Communication Order? (1992) (With R. C. Vincent)
• Peace By Peaceful Means: Peace and Conflict, Development and Civilization (1996)
• Johan without land (2000) (Autobiography for which he won the Brage Prize)
• 50 Years: 100 Peace and Conflict Perspectives, (2008)
• Democracy - Peace - Development (2008) with Paul Scott
• 50 Years: 25 Intellectual Landscapes Explore(2008)
• Globalizing God: Religion, Spirituality and Peace (2008) with Graeme MacQueen

Selected awards and recognitions[link]

• Dr honoris causa, University of Tampere, 1975, peace studies
• Dr honoris causa, University of Cluj, 1976, future studies
• Dr honoris causa, Uppsala University, 1987, social sciences
• Dr honoris causa, Soka University, Tokyo, 1990, peace/buddhism
• Dr honoris causa, University of Osnabrück, 1995, peace studies
• Dr honoris causa, University of Torino, 1998, sociology of law
• Dr honoris causa, FernUniversität Hagen, 2000, philosophy
• Dr honoris causa, University of Alicante, 2002, sociology
• Dr honoris causa, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, 2006, law
• Honorary Professor, University of Alicante, Alicante, 1981
• Honorary Professor, Free University of Berlin, 1984–1993
• Honorary Professor, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 1986
• Honorary Professor, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, 1993
• Distinguished Professor of Peace Studies, University of Hawaii, 1993-
• John Perkins University Distinguished Visiting Professor, 2005-
• Alternative Nobel Prize (Right Livelihood Award), 1987
• First recipient of the Humanist Prize of the Norwegian Humanist Association, 1988
• Jamnalal Bajaj International Award for Promoting Gandhian Values, 1993^[37]
• Brage Prize, 2000
• First Morton Deutsch Conflict Resolution Award, 2001
• Honorary Prize of the Norwegian Sociological Association, 2001
• Premio Hidalgo, Madrid, 2005
• Augsburg Golden Book of Peace, 2006
• Member of the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters
• Honorary member of the Green Party, 2009
• Erik Bye Memorial Prize, 2011

References[link]

1. ^ John D. Brewer, Peace processes: a sociological approach, p. 7, Polity Press, 2010
2. ^ TRANSCEND biography on Johan Galtung
3. ^ ^{a b} "Johan Galtung", Norsk Biografisk Leksikon
4. ^ http://www.coe.int/T/d/Com/Dossiers/Events/2002-10-interkultureller-Dialog/CV_Galtung.asp
5. ^ http://www.coe.int/T/d/Com/Dossiers/Events/2002-10-interkultureller-Dialog/CV_Galtung.asp
6. ^ Genealogical data for Johan Galtung
7. ^ ^{a b} Life of Johan Galtung (in Danish)
8. ^ ^{a b c} PRIO biography for Johan Galtung
9. ^ History of the IPRA
10. ^ ^{a b} (E. Boulding 1982: 323)
11. ^ Dagens Nyheter 2003-01-15.
12. ^ Saybrook.edu
13. ^ "Gruppe 7: Samfunnsfag (herunder sosiologi, statsvitenskap og økonomi)" (in Norwegian). Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters. http://www.dnva.no/c26848/artikkel/vis.html?tid=27644. Retrieved 26 October 2009. 
14. ^ Transcend.org
15. ^ ^{a b c} The "fifth way"
16. ^ PEACEBUILDING & THE UNITED NATIONS Peacebuilding Support Office, United Nations
17. ^ (K. Boulding 1977: 75)
18. ^ Article by Dr Zeki Ergas "Out of Sync with the world: Some Thoughts on the Coming Decline and Fall of the American Empire".
19. ^ The Peace Racket by Bruce Bawer, City Journal, Summer 2007.
20. ^ http://www.nationalpost.com/story.html?id=1299901 Barbarians within the gate] by Barbara Kay, National Post, February 18, 2009.
21. ^ Prof. J. Galtung: 'US empire will fall by 2020' Russia Today, (posted on Youtube.
22. ^ ^{a b} On the Coming Decline and Fall of the US Empire by Johan Galtung, Transnational Foundation and Peace and Research (TFF), January 28, 2004.
23. ^ Galtung on Democracy Now
24. ^ Amerikas imperium går under innen 2020 Adressa September 23, 2004.
25. ^ Bawer, Bruce. 2007. "The Peace Racket". City Journal. Summer 2007..
26. ^ The Peace Racket by Bruce Bawer, City Journal, Summer 2007.
27. ^ Barbarians within the gate by Barbara Kay, National Post, February 18, 2009.
28. ^ "September 11 2001: Diagnosis, Prognosis, Therapy" by Johan Galtung
29. ^ Galtung leker med ilden (Galtung plays with fire) By John Faerseth in Dagbladet October 10, 2011
30. ^ Verdenskjent, norsk professor mener man må forske på jødemakt (World-famous, Norwegian professor says Jewish power must be scrutinized) By Hilda Nyfløt in Dagbladet April 25, 2012
31. ^ Fredsprofessor anklages for antisemittisme (Peace professor accused of anti-Semitism) By Maria Mikkelsen in VG Nett April 26, 2012
32. ^ Pioneer of global peace studies hints at link between Norway massacre and Mossad By Ofer Aderet April 30, 2012
33. ^ “Peace Studies” Founder and Anti-Semitism By Alana Goodman in Commentary Magazine May 5, 2012
34. ^ Antisemitismus von links: Galtungs Verirrungen (Left anti-Semitism: Galtung's Aberrations) By Eric Frey in Der Standard May 2, 2012
35. ^ Norsk fredsprofessor chokerer med jødehad (Norwegian peace professor shocks with Jew-hatred) By Bent Blüdnikow in Berlingske Tidende May 2, 2012
36. ^ Galtung: Dette er en av grunnene til at jeg forlot Norge (Galtung: This is one of the reasons I left Norway) By Maria Mikkelsen in VG Nett April 26, 2012
37. ^ "Jamnalal Bajaj Awards Archive". Jamnalal Bajaj Foundation. http://www.jamnalalbajajfoundation.org/awards/archives/2010. 

Sources[link]

• Bawer, Bruce. 2007. "The Peace Racket". City Journal. Summer 2007. Link.
• Boulding, Elise. 1982. "Review: Social Science--For What?: Festschrift for Johan Galtung." Contemporary Sociology. 11(3):323-324. JSTOR Stable URL
• Boulding, Kenneth E. 1977. "Twelve Friendly Quarrels with Johan Galtung." Journal of Peace Research. 14(1):75-86. JSTOR Stable URL

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Johan Galtung

• TRANSCEND - A Peace, Development and Environment Network
• Galtung-Institute for Peace Theory and Peace Practice
• Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO)
• Biography on Right Livelihood Award