Ash may refer to:

Look up ash in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Products of fire, incineration or combustion[link]

The solid remains of fires, such as:

• Ash (analytical chemistry), the compounds that remain after a scientific sample is burned; commonly reported as a percentage on pet food labels
• Bottom ash, products of coal combustion
• Cigar ash, the ash produced when a cigar is smoked
• Fly ash, product of coal combustion
• Incinerator bottom ash, a form of ash produced in incineration facilities
• Vibhuti, the ash of cow dung and several other substances, used in Hindu rituals
• Wood ash, products of wood combustion
• Ashes or remains, dried bone fragments left from cremation

Trees and shrubs[link]

• Ash (Fraxinus), genus of flowering plants in the olive and lilac family
• Australian Mountain Ash, common name for Eucalyptus regnans
• Prickly Ash (Zanthoxylum), genus of about 250 species of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs in the citrus or rue family, Rutaceae
• Sorbus, genus of about 100–200 species of trees and shrubs in the subfamily Maloideae of the Rose family Rosaceae
• Sorbus aucuparia, also known as European mountain ash

Linguistics[link]

• Æ, a letter used in Old English texts
  • Near-open front unrounded vowel, the vowel sound represented by the æ symbol
• Asch or aesc, a letter in some runic scripts

Media and entertainment[link]

• Ash (artist), French graffiti artist
• Ash (ballet), by Peter Martins (1991)
• Ash (band), a rock band from Northern Ireland
• Ash (comics), Comic book about a superhero firefighter
• Ash, the professional name of independent filmmaker Ashley Baron Cohen (born 1967)
• Ash (novel), an LGBTQ young adult novel by Malinda Lo
• ASH: Archaic Sealed Heat, a video game
• Ash, the android antagonist in the film Alien (1979)
• Ash Crimson, a character in The King of Fighters series
• Ash Ketchum, the main protagonist from the Pokémon anime
• Ash Williams, the main protagonist from the Evil Dead series

Organizations and schools[link]

• Action on Smoking and Health, an anti-smoking charity
• American School of The Hague, a school in the Netherlands
• American Society of Hematology, an American professional organization
• A.s.h, abbreviation for Alt.suicide.holiday, a Usenet newsgroup

People[link]

• Ash (name)
• Asca, Ashe, Esche, Askir, Askr, Oesc, Aesc, the basis for a class of European names derived from the name of the ash tree used with a mystical or magical significance, as in Ascaric

Places[link]

United Kingdom[link]

• Ash, Derbyshire, England
• Ash, Devon, England
• Ash, Dover, Kent, England
• Ash (near Salway), Dorset, England
• Ash (near Stourpaine), Dorset, England
• Ash (near Taunton), Somerset, England
• Ash, Oxfordshire, England
• Ash, Sevenoaks, Kent, England
  • Parish Ash-cum-Ridley
• Ash, South Somerset, England
• Ash, Surrey, England

United States[link]

• Ash, California in Madera County, California
• Ash, Oregon in Douglas County, Oregon
• Ash, Brunswick County, North Carolina

Transport[link]

• ASH, National Rail code for Ash railway station, in Surrey, England
• ASH, station code for Ashburton railway station, Melbourne, Australia
• ASH, ICAO code for Mesa Airlines
• ASH, IATA code for Nashua Municipal Airport

Science and technology[link]

• Ash shell, a command-line interface for computers
• Plasma ashing, a process in semiconductor manufacturing
• Potash, a common name for potassium carbonate
• Soda ash, a common name for sodium carbonate
• Volcanic ash, material ejected from the top of a volcano

Other meanings[link]

• Ash (Persian food), similar to soup but thicker, which is usually served hot
• AA-5 Ash, NATO reporting name for the Bisnovat (later Molniya) R-4, an early Soviet long-range air-to-air missile
• Ash Wednesday, Christian religious holiday
• Ash Thursday, Icelandic volcanic events in 2010

See also[link]

• Ash Mountain (disambiguation), several mountains by this name in Canada and the USA
• Ashe (disambiguation)
• Ashes (disambiguation)
• Ashley (disambiguation)
• Cinereous (consisting of ashes, ash-coloured or ash-like)

This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the same title. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article.

Ash Grunwald (born Ashley Groenewald, 5 September 1976, Melbourne, Australia) is an Australian blues musician. He has built a strong reputation in Australia and Internationally based on his live shows and festival performances.

Solo career[link]

Grunwald drew attention as a solo artist with the release of 2002's Introducing Ash Grunwald,^[1] a collection of originals and blues standards that included "Smokestack Lightnin'" (Howlin' Wolf) "The Sky Is Crying" (Elmore James) and "Rolling And Tumbling" (Robert Johnson)^[2] recorded live with only acoustic guitar and foot percussion consisting of a stomp box and tambourine.

The album also includes "Dolphin Song," which is based on an actual encounter Grunwald, a devout surfer, had with a shark and the pod of dolphins that came to his rescue.^[2]

The positive response to Grunwald's debut resulted in two Australian Blues Awards (The Chain Awards) for 'Best Emerging Talent' and 'Male Vocalist of the Year' in 2003.^[3]

In 2004 Ash released his follow up album I Don't Believe,^[1] once again recorded solo and live. Since his initial release he had been made aware of two Tom Waits albums, Swordfishtrombones and Bone Machine. As a result, he emulates Waits' experimental bang and clang percussion using hammers, spanners, pots etc., in addition to a boss loop station as a bed for his lap steel, dobro and acoustic guitars.^[2] The album included six originals, two Waits compositions, "Going Out West" and "Jesus Gonna Be Here" (a cappela with hand claps) and blues standards "Walking Blues" and "Cross Roads" (Robert Johnson), "Empire State" (Son House) and "How Many More Years" (Howlin' Wolf).

On the strength of this release Grunwald received an ARIA Award nomination for 'Best Blues And Roots Album' in 2004,^[4] and the Victorian Blues award for 'Male Vocalist Of The Year' (equal with Lloyd Spiegel) and in 2005 the MBAS Vic / Tas award for Solo / Duo Of The Year (equal with Dave Hogan).

For the Live At The Corner album (songs from his first two releases plus Willie Dixon's "Spoonful" featuring Ian Collard on harmonica) Grunwald won the 2005 MBAS Vic / Tas and Australian Blues awards Album Of The Year in addition to being nominated once again for the 'Best Blues And Roots album' at the 2005 ARIA Awards.^[4]

In May 2005, Grunwald was invited to take over as host of Triple J's Thursday night show 'Roots N All'.^[2]

In August 2006 Grunwald released Give Signs recorded on his own record label, Delta Groove Records. As with preceding albums it was recorded live and solo which received another ARIA Award nomination for 'Best Blues and Roots Album'.^[4] In 2006, Grunwald supported James Brown at his Tasmanian concert.

On 21 December 2006 Grunwald finished his role as a Triple J presenter. In September 2007 he was nominated for another ARIA award for Best Blues and Roots Album.

Ash released his next studio album, Fish Out Of Water on the 30 of August 2008, with the album reaching #43 on the ARIA charts.^[5] The new album was greeted with positive reviews^[6] with many of the critics saying it is one of the best blues/roots albums of the year and a career highlight for Ash. The new album which was written with TZU's beatsmith Phillip Norman (aka Countbounce) ^[2][1][7] enters new territory for Grunwald with many of the songs gaining a hip hop edge to Ash's traditional Delta blues. Several tracks gained significant airplay on the national youth broadcaster Triple J some of these included "Breakout", "Devil Called Me A Liar" and "Joke On Me". The album was also nominated 'Best Blues and Roots Album' at the 2009 ARIA Awards.^[4]

Grunwald appeared for the first time in a Triple J Hottest 100 with one entry in the 2008 countdown, with "Breakout" reaching number 50.^[8]

In October 2009 Grunwald recorded a performance at Fremantle's Fly By Night club for a release as a live album in early 2010.^[9] He also revealed in an interview with Sarah Howells of Triple J that he has started work on a new studio album.

On my way over to WA I stopped in and did some recording in the Adelaide Hills at the Hilltop Hoods' studio with Mr Trials from Funkoars. I did about six songs with him. I don't know when it will be finished, probably ages but it's the fun bit at the moment of just going in and going hey roll a beat, something like this, and just making up stuff.

—Ash Grunwald^[9]

Ash Grunwald’s fifth studio album, Hot Mama Vibes was released 4 June 2010. It was recorded at Alchemix Studio in Brisbane, DJ Debris Studio in the Adelaide Hills and The Container in Melbourne. The Album features contributions from Mr Trials, Countbounce, Chasm, Fingers Malone, Benny Owen and Kanchana Karunaratna. "Mixing electronica with the blues was always a dream of mine," said Grunwald. "On the first album I was really trying to strip it back to raw elements, just be as soulful as possible. I guess every album since then has been a gradual move towards this point." "It's not something I would have put out there in the past. I would have constrained myself; I wouldn't have felt comfortable. This is my fifth album so it was time to just launch in there, do whatever I felt like." The first song taken from the album, "Walking" has gained coverage on Triple J, also featuring in the film Limitless and on its soundtrack.

Hot Mama Vibes was nominated 'Best Blues and Roots Album' at the 2010 ARIA Awards.^[4]

Early career[link]

The Blue Grunwalds, one of Grunwald's first bands,^[2] released the album Groove Cave,^[10][1] which enjoyed healthy sales, local community radio airplay and favourable reviews in the local press.

In 2001 Grunwald formed a trio called the Groove Catalysts.^[2][10] The Groove Catalysts have played every major blues venue in Melbourne and have enjoyed popular residencies in many of them. In 2001 through 2002, the Groove Catalysts played at several major outdoor festivals, sharing the stage with Australian blues acts such as Geoff Achison, Harper, Collard Greens And Gravy, Chris Wilson and Lloyd Spiegel.

As a solo artist, Grunwald has maintained several residencies over the past few years and has toured throughout Victoria and the east coast of Australia.

Throughout 2001 Grunwald played in a duo with Lloyd Spiegel, and played several concerts with Ian Collard (of Collard Greens And Gravy).

Personal Life[link]

Ash is married to long time partner and musician Danni Carr, and they have a daughter, Sunny.

Grunwald attended Luther College during his high school years.

Awards and nominations[link]

APRA Awards[link]

The APRA Awards are presented annually from 1982 by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA), "honouring composers and songwriters".^[11]

ARIA Awards[link]

The ARIA Music Awards are presented annually from 1987 by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). Ash Grunwald has had five nominations, all in the category of 'Best Blues & Roots Album'.^[4]

Discography[link]

Albums/EPs[link]

• Introducing Ash Grunwald - Black Market Music (August 2002)
• I Don't Believe - Head (5 April 2004)
• Live At The Corner - Head (7 February 2005)
• Give Signs - Delta Groove (28 August 2006)
• Live From The Factory - Delta Groove (DG005) (2008)
• Fish Out of Water - Delta Groove (DG006) (18 August 2008) (AUS #43)
• Hot Mama Vibes - Delta Groove (4 June 2010)

Singles[link]

• "Walking" (2010)
• "Tear The Roof Off" (July, 2011)

See also[link]

• Stomp Box
• resonator guitar

References[link]

1. ^ ^{a b c d} "Ash Grunwald interview". Two Falt Whites. http://www.twoflatwhites.com/interviews/ash-grunwald-interview/. Retrieved 8 February 2010. 
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} MacGregor, Jody. "Ash Grunwald - Biography". AllMusic. Amazon.com. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p731395/biography. Retrieved 8 February 2010. 
3. ^ "Ash Grunwald (Vic)". The National Festival of Australian Blues Music. http://www.australianbluesmusic.com.au/Artists/AshGrunwald.aspx. Retrieved 8 February 2010. 
4. ^ ^{a b c d e f} "ARIA Award winners & nominees - Ash Grunwald". ARIA. http://www.ariaawards.com.au/history-by-artist.php?letter=A&artist=Ash%20Grunwald. Retrieved 8 February 2010. 
5. ^ "Ash Grunwald - Fish Out of Water". Australian-Charts.com. http://australian-charts.com/showitem.asp?interpret=Ash+Grunwald&titel=Fish+Out+Of+Water&cat=a. Retrieved 8 February 2010. 
6. ^ www.ashgrunwald.com/news/?id=49
7. ^ "Fish Out of Water". Shock Records. http://www.shock.com.au/default.aspx?s=releasedisplay&artistid=3246&releaseid=33959. Retrieved 8 February 2010. 
8. ^ "Ash Grunwald announces tour dates". FasterLouder.com.au. 25 August 2009. http://www.fasterlouder.com.au/news/local/19956/Ash-Grunwald-announces-tour-dates-.htm. Retrieved 8 February 2010. 
9. ^ ^{a b} "Ash Grunwald teams up with Funkoars rapper". Triple J Music News. Triple J. 23 October 2009. http://www.abc.net.au/triplej/musicnews/s2722352.htm. Retrieved 8 February 2010. 
10. ^ ^{a b} Nimmervoll, Ed. "Ash Grunwald". Howlspace. White Room Electronic Publishing Pty Ltd. http://www.howlspace.com.au/whoswho/PHPMuso.php?categorywho=musos&userasks=26702. Retrieved 8 February 2010. 
11. ^ "APRA History". Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) | Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS). http://www.apra-amcos.com.au/APRAAwards/MusicAwards/History.aspx. Retrieved 17 January 2011. 
12. ^ "2010 Winners - APRA Music Awards". Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) | Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS). http://www.apra-amcos.com.au/apraawards/musicawards/history/2010Winners.aspx. Retrieved 24 June 2010. 
13. ^ "Nominations > Blues & Roots Work of the Year – 2011". Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) | Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS). 2011. http://www.apra-amcos.com.au/APRAAwards/MusicAwards/Nominations/BluesRootsWorkoftheYear2011.aspx. Retrieved 16 January 2012. 

External links[link]

• MBAS Blues Music Awards
• Grunwald's Official website
• Grunwald's MySpace page
• Grunwald's stompbox

Mukesh Ambani
Chairman & MD of Reliance Industries
Born	(1957-04-19) 19 April 1957 (age 55) Colony of Aden[1]
Residence	Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
Nationality	Indian
Alma mater	University of Bombay Stanford University (dropped out)
Occupation	Chairman & MD of Reliance Industries Director of Bank of America
Net worth	US$ 22.3 billion (2012)[2]
Religion	Hinduism
Spouse	Nita Ambani
Children	Akash,Anant,Isha[3]
Parents	Dhirubhai Ambani Kokilaben Ambani
Relatives	Anil Ambani (Brother)
Website
Mukesh Ambani

Mukesh Dhirubhai Ambani (Gujarati: મુકેશ ધીરુભાઈ અંબાની) (born on 19 April 1957) is an Indian business magnate who is the chairman and managing director of the Indian conglomerate Reliance Industries Limited (RIL), the foremost company of the Indian energy and materials conglomerate Reliance Group.^[4] The company was ranked #134th in Fortune Global 500 and is India's most valuable company by market value and second-largest Indian company by turnover.^[5][6] Ambani remains the largest individual shareholder, with 44.7 percent stake in RIL. The company is the operator of the world’s biggest oil refining complex and owner of India’s biggest natural gas field.^[7] Mukesh's younger brother is Anil Ambani, who heads Reliance Group. The Ambani family is the richest family in India and one of the richest in the world, their wealth inherited from Dhirubhai Ambani, founder of 2nd largest Indian conglomerate Reliance Group (after Tata Group).^[8]

In 2010, he was named among the most powerful people in the world by Forbes in its list of "68 people who matter most"^[9] As of 2012, he is the second richest man in Asia^[10] and the 19th richest person in the world with a personal wealth of US$22.3 billion. In 2007, a strong rally in the Indian stock market and the appreciation of the Indian rupee boosted the market capitalisation of Reliance group companies, briefly making him the world’s richest man.^[11][12][13]

He is a member of the board of directors of Bank of America Corporation and a present member of the international advisory board of the Council on Foreign Relations.

In 2012, Forbes named Mukesh Ambani the 2nd richest sports owner ^[14] in the world. According to the list of richest sports owners, he is richer than owners of Chelsea and AC Milan. Ambani's company Reliance Industries owns the Indian Premier League domestic cricket club Mumbai Indians ^[15].

Early life[link]

Mukesh Ambani was born on 19th April, 1957 to Dhirubhai Ambani and Kokilaben Ambani in a Colony of Aden, Yemen.^[16] He has a brother, Anil, and two sisters - Dipti Salgaoncar & Nina Kothari.^[17]

The Ambani family lived in a two bedroom apartment in Bhuleshwar, Mumbai until the 1970s.^[18] Dhirubhai Ambani then purchased a 14-floor apartment block called 'Sea Wind' in Colaba, where, until recently, Mukesh and Anil each lived with their families on different floors.^[19]

Mukesh Ambani was educated at Abaay Morischa School in Mumbai and completed his graduation with a bachelor`s degree in chemical engineering from the UDCT, now Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai. He stood sixth in the University exams.<sup>[20]</sup> Mukesh later enrolled for an MBA from Stanford University but completed only one year of the two year program and dropped out in the year 1980.<sup>[21]</sup> Indira Gandhi administration threw open the doors of PFY (Polyester Filament Yarn) manufacturing to the private sector in early 1980. Dhirubhai Ambani had applied for a license to set up PFY manufacturing plant. In spite of stiff competition from Tatas, Birlas and 43 others, Dhirubhai was awarded the licence.<sup>[22]</sup> To help him build the PFY plant, Dhirubhai pulled his eldest son Mukesh out of Stanford where he was studying for his MBA. Mukesh Ambani, then dropped out to help his father and initiated Reliance`s backward integration from textiles into polyester fibres and further into petrochemicals, beginning in 1981.^[23]

In 2010, Mukesh Ambani has been conferred the 'Degree of Doctor of Science Honoris Causa' by M.S University, Baroda, Gujarat^[24]

Business career[link]

He joined Reliance Industries in 1981.^[25] He initiated Reliance's backward integration journey from textiles into polyester fibres and further into petrochemicals, petroleum refining and going up-stream into oil and gas exploration and production.^[26]

Ambani set up one of the largest and most complex information and communications technology initiatives in the world in the form of Reliance Infocomm Limited (now Reliance Communications Limited).^[27]

Ambani directed and led the creation of the world’s largest grassroots petroleum refinery at Jamnagar, India, with a current capacity of 660,000 barrels per day (33 million tonnes per year) integrated with petrochemicals, power generation, port and related infrastructure.^[28]

Board Memberships[link]

• Chairman, Managing Director, Chairman of Finance Committee and Member of Employees Stock Compensation Committee, Reliance Industries Limited
• Former Chairman, Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited
• Former Vice Chairman, Reliance Petroleum
• Chairman of the Board, Reliance Petroleum
• Chairman and Chairman of Audit Committee, Reliance Retail Limited.
• Chairman, Reliance Exploration and Production DMCC
• Director, Member of Credit Committee and Member of Compensation & Benefits Committee, Bank of America Corporation^[29]

Awards and honours[link]

• Ranked 5th best performing CEO in the world by Harvard Business Review in its ranking of top 50 global CEOs.^[39]
• Only Indian to be a part of the United Nations MDG Advocacy Group^[40]
• Re-elected as Vice Chairman of the Business Council for Sustainable Development's (WBCSD) Executive Committee for a second consecutive term in 2010.^[41]
• Ranked 33rd among the 'Top 50 Most Respected Business Leaders of the World' in a survey conducted by Pricewater House Coopers and published in Financial Times, London in 2003.
• Conferred the 'Membership Award' by The Textile Association of India in December 2002.
• Ranked 13th in Asia’s Power 25 list of 'The Most Powerful People in Business' published by Fortune magazine in 2004.
• Ranked No.2 by IMRB International in The Power 100 list of India's Most Powerful CEOs, in 2004

Award Gallery[link]

• 

  Mukesh Ambani received 'Juran Quality Medal' in 2009

• 

  Mukesh Ambani conferred the 'Asia Society Leadership Award'

Personal life[link]

He is married to Nita Ambani and has three children.^[42] They live in a private 27-story building in Mumbai named Antilia.^[43] The value of the home is US$1 billion and it is claimed to be the most expensive home in history.^[44] Billionaire Mukesh Ambani earns an annual salary of 150 million rupee (Rs 15 crore), which has remained unchanged since the fiscal 2008-09.^[45]

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mukesh Ambani

• Profile at Reliance Industries
• Profile at Forbes
• Mukesh Ambani collected news and commentary at Bloomberg News
• Mukesh Ambani collected news and commentary at The New York Times
• Mukesh Ambani collected news and commentary at The Wall Street Journal
• Mukesh Ambani collected news and commentary at The Economist
• Mukesh Ambani collected news and commentary at The Times of India
• Works by or about Mukesh Ambani in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
• Mukesh Ambani at the Notable Names Database