A composer (Latin ''com''+''ponere'', literally "one who puts together") is a person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media. The level of distinction between composers and other musicians varies, which affects issues such as copyright and the deference given to individual interpretations of a particular piece of music. In the development of European music, the function of composing music initially did not have much greater importance than that of performing it. The preservation of individual compositions did not receive enormous attention and musicians generally had no qualms about modifying compositions for performance. Over time, however, the written notation of the composer came to be treated as strict instructions from which performers should not deviate without good practical or artistic reason. Performers do, however, play the music and interpret it in a way that is all their own. In fact, in the concerto form, the soloist would often compose and perform a cadenza as a way to express their individual interpretation of the piece.

Inasmuch as the role of the composer in western art music has seen continued solidification, in alternative idioms (i.e. jazz, experimental music) it has in some ways become increasingly complex or vague. For instance, in certain contexts - the line between composer and performer, sound designer, arranger, producer, and other roles - can be quite blurred.

The term "composer" is often used to refer to composers of instrumental music, such as those found in classical, jazz or other forms of art and traditional music. In popular and folk music, the composer is usually called a songwriter, since the music generally takes the form of a song. Since the mid-20th century, the term has expanded to accommodate creators of electroacoustic music, in which composers directly create sonic material in any of the various electronic media. This is distinct from instrumental composition, where the work is represented by a musical score to be interpreted by performers.

See also

Lists of composers

References

Merriam-Webster dictionary on 'composer', accessed 17 November 2010

External links

Category:Occupations in music Category:Musical terminology

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name	Michael Giacchino
birthname	Michael Giacchino
birth date	October 10, 1967
birth place	Riverside Township, New Jersey, U.S.
occupation	Film, television, and video game score composer
yearsactive	1995 – present
website	}}

Michael Giacchino (; born October 10, 1967) is an American composer who has composed scores for movies, television series and video games. Some of his most notable works include the scores to television series such as ''Lost'', ''Alias'' and ''Fringe'', games such as the ''Medal of Honor'' and ''Call of Duty'' series, and films such as ''Mission: Impossible III'', ''The Incredibles'', ''Star Trek'', ''Cloverfield'', ''Ratatouille'', ''Up'', ''Super 8'', ''Cars 2'' and ''50/50''. Giacchino has received numerous awards for his work, including an Emmy, multiple Grammys, and an Academy Award.

Early life

Michael Giacchino, an Italian American (with dual citizenship), was born in Riverside Township, New Jersey. Giacchino grew up in Edgewater Park Township, New Jersey and graduated from Holy Cross High School in Delran, New Jersey.

Giacchino began combining images and music at age 10, when he began creating stop-motion animation with homemade soundtracks in his basement. While in high school, an art teacher who mentored Giacchino recommended to his parents that attend the School of Visual Arts in New York City. Giacchino describes visiting the school with his parents thus:

I thought, wow, this is fantastic. They actually have colleges like this? Where I can do the things that I am really interested in doing? That was amazing to me. I loved SVA. I loved the kind of freedom that it provided. It was kind of like this great experiment-okay, you're here because you like something. So let's see how much you like it. We're not going to regulate you too much. We're going to see how passionate and driven you are, and how much you want this thing.

Giacchino enrolled at SVA, majoring in film production and minoring in history. During his final year at SVA, his instructor in film publicity announced an unpaid internship was available at Universal Pictures. Giacchino, who was the only one interested, obtained the six-month position, which he filled at night while attending school during the day and working at Macy's to pay his rent. He graduated from SVA in 1990 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts, after which he took music classes at the Juilliard School.

Career

Video games

When Giacchino's internship ended, Universal hired him, giving him a job right out of college. He later moved to Disney, and when Disney relocated to Los Angeles, Giacchino moved with them, working in publicity, while taking night classes in instrumentation and orchestration at UCLA. His work for Disney had him interacting with the various personnel who worked in films, such as the producers who hired composers, so when a job at Disney Interactive opened for a producer, Giacchino obtained the job, thinking he could hire himself to write music for the games he produced.

Giacchino's composition work for Disney Interactive during the 16-bit era included the Sega Genesis game ''Gargoyles'', the SNES game ''Maui Mallard in Cold Shadow'' and the various console versions of ''The Lion King''. However his first major composition was for the DreamWorks video game adaptation of the 1997 movie, ''The Lost World: Jurassic Park''. The video game was the first PlayStation- (also on Sega Saturn) console title to be recorded with an original live orchestral score. Giacchino has since continued his relationship with DreamWorks, providing full orchestral scores for many of their popular videogames. He also worked with Pandemic studios to create the theme for ''Mercenaries: Playground of Destruction''. Giacchino's award-winning compositions covers the first three ''Medal of Honor'' series, (''Underground'', ''Allied Assault'' and ''Frontline'', along with the original Medal of Honor and ''Heroes: 2''), and also the scores for several other World War II-related video games like ''Secret Weapons Over Normandy'', ''Call of Duty'' and ''Call of Duty: Finest Hour''. Additionally, Giacchino composed themes for ''The Incredibles: Rise of the Underminer'', and co-wrote the theme of ''Black'' with composer Chris Tilton. He also composed the score for ''Alias'', which was based on the television series of the same name. In 2008 Giacchino wrote music for ''Turning Point: Fall of Liberty''. Electronic Arts has announced that he has returned to the ''Medal of Honor'' franchise as he has composed the music for ''Medal of Honor: Airborne''.

Film and television

Giacchino's work on various video games led to his entrance into television.

In 2001, J. J. Abrams, producer of the television series ''Alias'', discovered Giacchino through his video game work and asked him to provide the new show's soundtrack. The soundtrack featured a mix of full orchestral pieces frequently intermingled with upbeat electronic music, a departure from much of his previous work. Giacchino would go on to provide the score for J.J. Abrams's 2004 television series ''Lost'', creating an acclaimed score which employed a unique process of using spare pieces of a plane fuselage for percussion parts. The score for ''Lost'' is also notable for a signature thematic motif: a brass fall-off at the end of certain themes. Just like his counterpart Stu Phillips, he worked with the television show creator Abrams on his shows with his music scores while Abrams supplied the show's main themes on his certain shows such as ''Alias''.

In 2004, Giacchino received his first big feature film commission. Brad Bird, director of Pixar's ''The Incredibles'', asked Giacchino to provide the soundtrack for the film after having heard his work on ''Alias''. The upbeat jazz orchestral sound was a departure in style not only for Giacchino but for Pixar, which had previously relied on Randy and Thomas Newman for all of its films. Director Brad Bird had originally sought out John Barry – perhaps best known for his work on the early James Bond films—but Barry was reportedly unwilling to repeat the styles of his earlier works.

Giacchino was nominated for two Grammy Awards in 2005 for ''The Incredibles'': Best Score Soundtrack Album for Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media and Best Instrumental Composition.

Like his other counterparts Joel McNeely, J. A. C. Redford and Frank DeVol, Giacchino mostly associated with Disney from early in his career up to most recently, ranging from video games such as ''Mickey Mania'' and ''Gargoyles'' to films such as ''The Incredibles'' and eventually collaborated with Walt Disney Imagineering in creating two new soundtracks for the updated versions of Space Mountain at Disneyland, Space Mountain: Mission 2 at Disneyland Paris, and Space Mountain at Hong Kong Disneyland.

Giacchino also composed scores for the 2005 films ''Sky High'' and ''The Family Stone'', and the television movie ''The Muppets' Wizard of Oz''. Additionally, he wrote the music for Joseph Barbera's final theatrical Tom and Jerry cartoon ''The Karate Guard'', and scored the Abrams-directed 2006 film ''Mission: Impossible III''. Giacchino's next musical achievement was his Paris-inspired score for the Disney-Pixar film ''Ratatouille'', which includes the theme song "Le Festin", performed by French artist Camille. He received his first Academy Award nomination for this score. He also created the score for Abrams' 2009 ''Star Trek'' film.

As of 2010, Giacchino's latest score was for the Pixar film ''Up'' (and its accompanying animated short ''Partly Cloudy'') for which he collaborated with director Pete Docter. This marked the first time Giacchino worked with a Pixar director other than Brad Bird. This work gained Giacchino his first Academy Award, for Best Score—the first-ever win for Pixar in that category. Giacchino notes that he won on the same night as his SVA classmate Joel Harlow won for Best Makeup Oscar for ''Star Trek''.

Giacchino has continued his collaboration with J. J. Abrams. For the Abrams-produced monster film ''Cloverfield'', Giacchino wrote an homage to Japanese monster scores in an overture entitled "ROAR!", which played over the credits (and which constituted the only original music for the film). He composed for the pilot of the new Abrams series ''Fringe'', after which Giacchino gave scoring duties to his assistant Chad Seiter (who scored the first half of season one), and then Chris Tilton (who scored the latter half of season one and everything after that).

Giacchino has frequently referenced previous work when naming his pieces. For example, the score for ''The Incredibles'' contains a piece named "100 Mile Dash", and the album with the score from ''Ratatouille'' has a track entitled "100 Rat Dash". Another series of examples: "World's Worst Beach Party" from the first ''Lost'' album, "World's Worst Last 4 Minutes To Live" from the ''Mission: Impossible III'' soundtrack, "Galaxy's Worst Sushi Bar" from ''Star Trek'' (2010 deluxe release), "World's Worst Landscaping" from the second ''Lost'' album, "World's Worst Car Wash" from the soundtrack album ''Lost: The Final Season'', and "World's Worst Field Trip" from the soundtrack of ''Super 8''. The soundtrack for ''Mission: Impossible - Ghost Protocol'' also has a track titled "World's Worst Parking Valet". Inversely, the score for ''Mercenaries: Playground of Destruction'' has a track entitled "World's Best Carpool Lane"; the ''Speed Racer'' score has tracks entitled "World's Best Autopia" and "World's Worst Road Rage."

Additional compositions

In addition to his long list of soundtracks, in 2005 Giacchino collaborated with Walt Disney Imagineering in creating two new soundtracks for the updated versions of Space Mountain at Disneyland, Space Mountain: Mission 2 at Disneyland Paris, and Space Mountain at Hong Kong Disneyland. Giacchino was also contracted by Sarah Vowell, who played character Violet in ''The Incredibles'', to compose the score to the audio version of her book ''Assassination Vacation''. Michael Giacchino's music can also be heard in "Star Tours: The Adventure Continues" during the "travel log videos" shown in the cue line for both the Disneyland and Walt Disney World versions of the attraction.

In 2009 he was asked to conduct the Academy Awards orchestra for the 81st Academy Awards. For this project he rearranged many famous movie themes in different styles, including a 1930's Big Band treatment of ''Lawrence of Arabia'' and a bossa nova of ''Moon River''.

Awards, nominations and recognition

Awards

2001 Interactive Achievement Awards for Original Music Composition – ''Medal of Honor: Underground''

2003 Game Developers Choice Awards for Excellence in Audio – ''Medal of Honor: Allied Assault''

2003 Interactive Achievement Awards for Original Music Composition – ''Medal of Honor: Frontline''

2004 IFMCA Award for Score of the Year – ''The Incredibles''

2004 IFMCA Award for Composer of the Year

2004 Game Developers Choice Awards for Excellence in Audio – ''Call of Duty''

2005 Emmy Award for Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore) – ''Lost''

2007 Film & TV Music Award for Best Score for a Short Film – ''Lifted''

2007 StreamingSoundtracks.com Award for Composer of the Year

2008 Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album – ''Ratatouille''

2010 Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards for Best Score – ''Up''

2010 Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score – ''Up''

2010 Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album – ''Up''

2010 Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition – "Married Life (from ''Up)''"

2010 BAFTA Award for Best Music – "Up"

2010 Academy Award for Best Original Score – ''Up''

Nominations

2005 Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album – ''The Incredibles''

2005 Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition – "The Incredits" (from ''The Incredibles'')

2008 Academy Award for Best Original Score – ''Ratatouille''

2008 Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Composition for a Series – ''Lost''

2010 Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album – ''Star Trek''

2010 Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Arrangement – "Up With End Credits (from ''Up'')"

2010 Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Composition for a Series – ''Lost''

Recognition

The score for Season 1 of ''Lost'' was cited by ''New Yorker'' music critic Alex Ross as "some of the most compelling film music of the past year."

Discography

Films

!Title!

Year !! Notes
''Legal Deceit''	1997
''My Brother the Pig''	1999
''The Trouble With Lou''	2001
''Sin (2003 film)	Sin''	2003
''The Incredibles''	2004
''Sky High (2005 film)	Sky High''	2005
''The Muppets' Wizard of Oz''	2005
''The Family Stone''	2005
''Looking for Comedy in the Muslim World''	2006
''Mission: Impossible III''	2006
''Ratatouille (film)	Ratatouille''	2007
''Cloverfield''	2008
''Speed Racer (film)	Speed Racer''	2008
''Star Trek (film)	Star Trek''	2009
''Up (2009 film)	Up''	2009
''Land of the Lost (film)	Land of the Lost''	2009
''Earth Days''	2009
''Let Me In (film)	Let Me In''	2010
''Cars 2''	2011
''Super 8 (film)	Super 8''	2011
''Monte Carlo (2011 film)	Monte Carlo''	2011
''50/50 (2011 film)	50/50''	2011
''Mission: Impossible – Ghost Protocol''	2011
''John Carter (film)	John Carter''	2012
''Untitled Star Trek sequel''	2013

Video games

!Title!

Year !! Notes
''Mickey Mania''	1994
''Gargoyles (video game)	Gargoyles''	1995
''Maui Mallard in Cold Shadow''	1995
''The Lost World: Jurassic Park (console game)	The Lost World: Jurassic Park''	1997
''Chaos Island''	1997
''Small Soldiers (video game)	Small Soldiers''	1998
''T'ai Fu: Wrath of the Tiger''	1999
''Warpath: Jurassic Park''	1999
''Medal of Honor (video game)	Medal of Honor''	1999
''Muppet Monster Adventure''	2000
''Medal of Honor: Underground''	2000
''Medal of Honor: Allied Assault''	2002
''Medal of Honor: Frontline''	2002
''Call of Duty (video game)	Call of Duty''	2003
''Secret Weapons Over Normandy''	2003
''Call of Duty: Finest Hour''	2004
''Alias (video game)	Alias''	2004
''The Incredibles (video game)	The Incredibles''	2004
''Mercenaries: Playground of Destruction''	2005
''Black (video game)	Black''	2006
''Medal of Honor: Vanguard''	2007
''Medal of Honor: Airborne''	2007
''Medal of Honor: Heroes 2''	2007
''Lost: Via Domus''	2008
''Turning Point: Fall of Liberty''	2008
''Fracture (video game)	Fracture''	2008

Television

!Title!

Year !! Notes
''Alias (TV series)	Alias''	2001–2006	Bad Robot Productions
''Lost (TV series)	Lost''	2004–2010
''Six Degrees''	2006–2007
''Fringe (TV series)	Fringe''	2008–2011
''Undercovers (TV series)	Undercovers''	2010
''Alcatraz (TV series)	Alcatraz''	2012 (Pilot only)

Short films and other works

!Title!

Year !! Notes
''No Salida''	1998	Short film
''String Of The Kite''	2003
''Space Mountain (Disneyland, Anaheim)	Space Mountain'' at Disneyland''	2005
''Space Mountain (Hong Kong Disneyland)	Space Mountain'' at Hong Kong Disneyland	2005
''Space Mountain: Mission 2'' at Disneyland Park (Paris)	Disneyland Paris	2005
''The Karate Guard''	2005
''One Man Band (film)	One Man Band''	2005
''Jack-Jack Attack''	2005
''Lifted (2006 film)	Lifted''	2006
''How to Hook Up Your Home Theater''	2007
''Presto (film)	Presto''	2008
''81st Academy Awards''	2009
''Partly Cloudy''	2009
''Dug's Special Mission''
''Prep & Landing''	2009
''Day & Night (2010 film)	Day & Night''	2010
''Space Mountain (Magic Kingdom)	Space Mountain'' at Magic Kingdom	2010
''Prep & Landing: Operation: Secret Santa''	2010
''Star Tours: The Adventures Continue'' at Disneyland and Disney's Hollywood Studios	2011
''The Ballad of Nessie''	2011
''Prep & Landing: Naughty vs. Nice''	2011

References

External links

Music By Michael Giacchino Website

Michael Giacchino's score for 'Secret Weapons Over Normandy'

Composer profile, focusing on his Video Game Soundtracks work (Call Of Duty, etc.)

SoundtrackNet Interview with Michael Giacchino

SoundtrackNet's Mission: Impossible 3 Scoring Session Exclusive

Alex Ross column in The New Yorker

Alan Sepinwall interview with Michael Giacchino on composing for LOST

Category:1967 births Category:American film score composers Category:American people of Italian descent Category:American television composers Category:Best Original Music Score Academy Award winners Category:Italian musicians Category:Juilliard School alumni Category:Living people Category:Mission: Impossible music Category:Musicians from New Jersey Category:People from Burlington County, New Jersey Category:School of Visual Arts alumni Category:University of California, Los Angeles alumni Category:Video game composers

bg:Майкъл Джакино ca:Michael Giacchino cs:Michael Giacchino da:Michael Giacchino de:Michael Giacchino es:Michael Giacchino fr:Michael Giacchino gl:Michael Giacchino ko:마이클 지아키노 it:Michael Giacchino hu:Michael Giacchino nl:Michael Giacchino ja:マイケル・ジアッキーノ no:Michael Giacchino pl:Michael Giacchino pt:Michael Giacchino ro:Michael Giacchino ru:Джаккино, Майкл sk:Michael Giacchino fi:Michael Giacchino sv:Michael Giacchino tr:Michael Giacchino zh:迈克·吉亚奇诺

Name	Neil Davidge
Birth date	June 29, 1962
Birth place	Bristol, United Kingdom
Death date
Occupation	Record producerSongwriterFilm score composerMusician
Nationality	}}

Neil Davidge, (born 1962 in Bristol, United Kingdom), is a record producer, songwriter, film score composer, musician and occasional backing vocalist. Once an associate of dance producers, DNA, he is best known as the long-term co-writer, producer and key sonic facilitator for the music production outfit Massive Attack. In 1997, he also produced the Sunna album One Minute Science. During that time he has established a career as a film score composer including projects such as Push, Bullet Boy, Trouble the Water and additional music for Clash of the Titans.

Artists he has worked with include Unkle, Damon Albarn, Elizabeth Fraser, Mos Def, David Bowie and Snoop Dogg.

Most recently he recorded "The Storm That Brought Me To You" with Tina Dico for the Clash of the Titans soundtrack, the first vocal track for which he is credited as an artist separately from Massive Attack.

Career

DNA (1989–1992)

Davidge worked with UK Band DNA in the period between 1989-1992 co-producing 4 singles and 1 album. DNA was the pseudonym taken by two British dance-music producers Nick Batt & Neal Slateford, best known for issuing a remix of Suzanne Vega's "Tom's Diner" in 1990 as well as producing several remixes with the likes of Kylie Minogue, Vanessa L. Williams and Electronic.

Massive Attack (1995–present)

Davidge had met Massive Attack’s Mushroom aka Andrew Vowles as early as 1991, and was in and around Bristol’s Coach House Studios when Portishead recorded their debut album Dummy between 1991-1994. Neil was introduced to the rest of Massive Attack in 1996, and hitting it off, he produced ‘The Hunter Gets Captured by the Game’, a song for the Batman Forever soundtrack that featured Everything But The Girl vocalist Tracey Thorn.

Working in close collaboration with Massive’s Robert Del Naja, aka 3D, Neil then had a key hand in shaping the darker, forward-looking sound of the band’s third album, 1998’s Mezzanine. One of its most memorable sessions found him working with former Cocteau Twins vocalist Liz Fraser on the song Teardrop, now known to millions more as the theme tune for House, the hit US medical drama.

Mezzanine went on to be critically acclaimed, winning a Q Award for Best Album as well as being nominated for a Mercury Award. The record eschewed hip-hop to some extent in favour of more experimental, gothic and post-punk-like music. Most of the songs were started and co-written by Neil Davidge, but Davidge did not receive any writing credit on the record.

As with Mezzanine, Massive Attack’s fourth album 100th Window was largely piloted by Davidge and Robert Del Naja. Sessions for the 2003 chart-topper were protracted and pressurised, the group jettisoning huge swathes of material to re-write the whole record in the last six months of a three-year odyssey. “Some great things had been said about Mezzanine and we didn’t want to repeat ourselves”, says Neil “It was a strange period of isolation and the weirdness of 9/11, but we got there in the end.”

Collected was Massive Attack’s best of album released on 27 March 2006. The album was preceded by the release of the single "Live With Me" on 13 March. Again co-written and produced by Davidge.

Heligoland is the fifth studio album by Massive Attack, released almost exactly 7 years after 100th Window. Co-produced by Davidge and 3D with additional production by Tim Goldsworthy, the record features vocals from Horace Andy, Tunde Adebimpe, Damon Albarn, Hope Sandoval, Guy Garvey and Martina Topley-Bird. Davidge co-wrote 8 of the 10 tracks as well as playing keyboards, bass and guitar. The album was mixed by Mark “Spike” Stent although Davidge Produced and Mixed airplay hit “Paradise Circus” featuring vocals by Hope Sandoval.

Film projects (2004–present)

In 2004 Luc Besson approached Davidge and Robert Del Naja to score the movie Danny The Dog, later renamed Unleashed. There then followed scores for Bullet Boy, Battle In Seattle, and Trouble the Water, which received an Oscar nomination for its film score. It is a moving study of those displaced by Hurricane Katrina which won ‘Best Documentary’ at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival. Working with Snoop Dogg, Neil also scored the music for In Prison My Whole Life, a documentary about US death-row journalist Mumia Abu-Jamal.

Away from his collaborations with Robert, Neil scored the music to the Paul McGuigan directed Push and provided additional music to the Warner Brothers blockbuster Clash of the Titans working alongside fellow composer Ramin Djawadi. He was approached by director Louis Leterrier to replace Matt Bellamy from Muse who had to pull out due to touring commitments in the USA.

Volume (2006)

Volume, a luminous interactive installation, transformed the Victoria and Albert Museum's John Madejski Garden over winter 2006. Volume was a sculpture of light and sound - an array of light columns positioned dramatically in the centre of the garden. Volume responded spectacularly to human movement, creating a series of audio-visual experiences. Visitors were invited to step inside and see their actions at play with the energy fields throughout the space, triggering a brilliant display of light and sound.

The piece was a collaboration between design collective United Visual Artists (UVA) and Robert Del Naja and Neil.

Debut solo album (2010)

Davidge established his own studio in 2010 and has since been working on several projects including his upcoming debut solo LP, likely to feature collaborations.

''Halo 4'' (2012)

On April 11, 2012, Davidge was revealed to be the composer for the soundtrack of the highly anticipated video game ''Halo 4''.

Discography

! YEAR	! ARTIST	! PROJECT	! LABEL
PRODUCER / COMPOSER
1997 - 1999	Massive Attack	Mezzanine	Virgin/10
1999	Sunna	One Minute Science	Virgin / Melankolic
2000 - 2003	Massive Attack	100th Window	Virgin 10
2004	Massive Attack	Danny the Dog / Unleashed	Virgin / EMI
2005	Davidge/Del Naja	Bullet Boy Score
2006 - 2007	Massive Attack	Collected	Virgin / EMI
2006 - 2007	Massive Attack	Live with me	Virgin / EMI
2007	Massive Attack	False Flags / United Snakes	Virgin / EMI
2007	Davidge/Del Naja	In Prison my whole life score
2007	Davidge/Del Naja	Trouble the water score
2007	Davidge/Del Naja	Battle in Seattle
2008	Davidge/Del Naja	The Hulk	Marvel studios
2008 -2010	Massive Attack	Heligoland	Virgin / EMI
2009	Neil Davidge	Push Movie score	Warner Bros.
2011 - 2012	Neil Davidge	Halo 4 Game score	Microsoft / 343 Industries
2012 - 2013	Neil Davidge	Debut Solo Album	7Hz Productions
CO-PRODUCER / COMPOSER
! YEAR	! ARTIST	! TRACK	! LABEL
1996	Massive Attack	Hunter	Batman Soundtrack/ Atlantic
1996	Massive Attack	Fake The Aroma	Help/ Go Disc
1996	Massive Attack	Euro 96 / Euro zero zero
1996	Massive Attack	Wire	Welcome To Sarajevo
1996	Massive Attack	Hymn of the Big Wheel	The Fan
1997	Massive Attack	Metal and Dissolved Girl	The Jackal
1998	Unkle featuring Thom Yorke	Rabbit In Your Headlights	Unkle Project/ Mo Wax
1998	Manic Street Preachers	If You Tolerate This	Epic
1998	Massive Attack	Angel	Adidas
1998	Massive Attack	Inertia Creeps	Levi's
1998	Liz Fraser	Sailing On	A Winters Guest
1999	Prodigy featuring 3D	No Souvenirs	XL
1999	Massive Attack	Angel	End Of Days
1999	Massive Attack	Dissolved Girl	The Matrix
2000	Primal Scream	Exterminator	XL
2000	Massive Attack	Angel	Snatch
2000	Massive Attack	Angel	Armani
2000	Sunna	Powerstruggle	Hollow Man
2001	Mos Def	I against I	Blade 2
2001	David Bowie	Nature Boy	Moulin Rouge
2001	Perfect Circle	3 Libras (Massive Attack Remix)
2001	Lupine Howl	Vaporizor (Massive Attack Remix)	Beggars Banquet
2001	Dandy Warhols	Demos	Capitol
2004	Unkle	Invasion	Global underground
2006	Unkle	Twilight	Global underground
2007	Snoop Dogg	What up man	In Prison my whole life

References

^ "Neil Davidge IMDB"

^ "Neil Davidge and Ramin Djawadi Clash Of The Titans Original Motion Soundtrack SONY CMG Releases"

^ "Davidge Sound on Sound Interview"

^ "Neil Davidge Push Original Soundtrack Last.fm"

^ "Massive Attack Collaborators Neil Davidge and Euan Dickson on Impulsive Recording"

^ "Air Edel Composer Neil Davidge"

^ "Interview with journalist James McNair"

External links

Neil Davidge website

Neil Davidge Myspace

Category:Living people Category:British electronica musicians Category:1962 births

fr:Neil Davidge simple:Neil Davidge

Name	Roger Hodgson
landscape	Yes
Background	solo_singer
Birth name	Charles Roger Pomfret Hodgson
Birth date	March 21, 1950
Origin	Portsmouth, England
Instrument	Vocals, keyboards, guitar, bass
Genre	Progressive rock, pop rock, art rock
Occupation	Musician, songwriter
Years active	1969–present
Label	A&M;, Unichord/Voiceprint, Epic
Associated acts	Supertramp, Ringo Starr and His All-Starr Band, Argosy
Website	RogerHodgson.com }}

Charles Roger Pomfret Hodgson (born 21 March 1950) is a British musician and songwriter, best known as the former co-frontman, and founding member, of progressive rock band Supertramp.

Hodgson composed and sang on the majority of the band's biggest hits, including "Dreamer", "Give a Little Bit", "The Logical Song", "Breakfast in America", "Take the Long Way Home" and "It's Raining Again".

He left Supertramp in 1983 to pursue a solo career, but after two albums he retired from touring and other industry obligations. In 1997 he returned to doing solo tours, and released a third album in 2000. He is recognised for his tenor singing voice, which became a trademark of his former band Supertramp, and often writes about spiritual and philosophical topics.

Biography

1950–1969: Early years

Hodgson was born in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England, in 1950 and grew up in Oxford. He is the son of Charles Hodgson and Jill Hodgson (died in June 2009). He attended Woodcote House near Wallingford, Oxfordshire, where he was the first boy to learn electric guitar, and Stowe School near Buckingham, Buckinghamshire. His first guitar was a parting gift from his father at age 12 when his parents divorced. He took it to boarding school with him, where his teacher taught him three chords. He began composing his own music and lyrics and within a year gave his first concert at school with nine original songs. Hodgson's first band at school consisted of him on guitar and his friend Roy Hoby playing snare drums. They were dubbed the "H-bombs" because of their last names.

At age 19, Roger Hodgson made his first appearance in a recording studio as guitarist for People Like Us, a band he formed shortly after graduating from boarding school. The group recorded a single, "Duck Pond" b/w "Send Me No Flowers", which was never released.

After People Like Us disbanded, Hodgson auditioned for Island Records, with Traffic's road manager providing him a foot in the door with the label. Island set him up in a recording studio as vocalist for the one-off "flower power" pop band Argosy, which also included Reginald Dwight (later known as Elton John), Caleb Quaye, and Nigel Olsson. Their sole single, "Mr. Boyd" b/w "Imagine", consisted of two pieces of orchestrated pop (both penned by Hodgson) and was issued in 1969 on the DJM (U.K.) and Congress (U.S.) record labels. It sold poorly and consequently has become rare and sought after. "Mr. Boyd" was covered in 1997 by Jake Shillingford and his band My Life Story on their album "The Golden Mile".

1969–1983: Supertramp

After the breakup of Argosy, Hodgson, responding to an advert placed in Melody Maker by Rick Davies, auditioned for the guitarist spot in the progressive rock band Supertramp. Hodgson was offered the job, but when Richard Palmer arrived the next day to audition for the same spot, Hodgson agreed to learn how to play bass instead.

The songs on Supertramp's self-titled first album, released in 1970, were composed by Roger Hodgson, Rick Davies, and Richard Palmer; however, since both Hodgson and Davies were unwilling to write lyrics, Palmer wrote all the album's lyrics. Palmer left shortly after the album's recording, allowing Hodgson to switch back to guitar, but leaving him and Davies no choice but to serve as the band's lyricists. In a parallel to fellow British prog rockers Genesis and their search for a new lead vocalist, Supertramp auditioned 93 guitarists before turning the role over to Hodgson. The hugely successful ''Crime of the Century'' was released in 1974. ''Crisis? What Crisis?'', released in 1975, was followed by ''Even in the Quietest Moments'' in 1977. In 1979, they released their most successful album, ''Breakfast in America''. This album has sold over 20 million copies to date. The live album, ''Paris'', was released in 1980. ''…Famous Last Words…'', released in 1982, included Hodgson's first solo recording, "Know Who You Are".

From 1974 through 1983, all songs recorded by Supertramp were legally credited with a shared writing credit of Davies/Hodgson. Roger Hodgson was the writer of hits such as "Give a Little Bit", "Breakfast in America", "It's Raining Again", "Take the Long Way Home" and "Fool's Overture". Hodgson wrote "Breakfast in America", "The Logical Song", and some of "Fool's Overture" at home with a harmonium he had bought from a neighbour when he was 17 years old (this instrument is used in the background of "Breakfast in America", and prominently appears on "Two of Us" and his solo track "The Garden").

In 1981, Hodgson left Los Angeles and moved his family to Northern California, where he built a home studio and began contemplating solo recordings. The rest of Supertramp remained in Los Angeles, and the geographic separation created a rift between them and Hodgson; there was little to no feuding, but the group harmony was lost. Hodgson felt increasingly constrained in the group context, and during the tour for ''…Famous Last Words…'' he made the final decision to leave Supertramp. He has stated that there were not any real problems in his relationship with Davies, as was speculated.

1984–present: Solo career

Hodgson recorded three solo albums at his new home studio, the first before his departure from Supertramp. Titled ''Sleeping With the Enemy'', it was cut in the months between the release of ''…Famous Last Words…'' and its supporting tour, and mixed during Supertramp rehearsals for said tour in hopes of fitting in some solo promotion while on the road. However, at the last minute Hodgson had second thoughts about the album's quality and decided to scrap it, planning to record a new and better album after his last tour with Supertramp.

This second effort, ''In the Eye of The Storm'', was released in 1984. Despite being heavily publicized as the solo album of a former member of Supertramp, it failed to break the top 40 in either the USA or UK. The single "Had a Dream (Sleeping With the Enemy)" was more pop radio-oriented than any of Hodgson's work with Supertramp, yet it only reached number 48 in the USA, while the followup singles, "In Jeopardy" and "Hooked on a Problem", failed to chart at all.

Though a major commercial disappointment after his last six albums with Supertramp, ''In the Eye of the Storm'' would prove to be Hodgson's biggest success without the group. His second album, 1987's ''Hai Hai'', had a distinctive synthpop-oriented feel, in the vein of the mid-80s trends. However, just prior to the release of ''Hai Hai'', Hodgson fell from a loft in his home and broke both wrists, which disabled him from promoting the album. It would barely scrape into the Billboard 200, and was a no show in the UK Charts. He decided to take a long break from both touring and recording in order to spend more time with his children.

In 1990 Hodgson was approached by Yes to take the lead singer position but declined the offer. One of the songs he co-wrote with Trevor Rabin, "Walls", appears on Yes's 1994 ''Talk'' album, with lyrics revised by Anderson. A version of "Walls" with only Hodgson and Rabin on vocals was released on Trevor Rabin's 2003 archival release ''90124''.

After a long break, he launched into his first tour in over ten years, and released 1997's live ''Rites of Passage'' to document the tour. The live album was recorded at the Miners Foundry in Nevada City, California. He performed with a full band including his son Andrew and Supertramp sax player John Helliwell. The album was a total flop in both the UK and USA, but gave Hodgson his only significant solo success in Germany, reaching number 34 in the charts there.

Hodgson played King Arthur in the rock opera ''Excalibur: La Legende Des Celtes'', and appeared on the album for two songs: "The Elements," and "The Will of God." The project was headed by Alan Simon and released in 1999. In 2000, he contributed vocals on a track titled "The Moon Says Hello" by Carlos Núñez, on the CD ''Mayo Longo''.

Hodgson's fourth solo effort ''Open the Door'' was released in 2000 and continued in the vein of his previous work. He collaborated again with Alan Simon on the album. In August 2000, Hodgson guested with Fairport Convention at that years Cropredy Festival. He performed "Breakfast In America", "The Logical Song", "Open The Door" and "Give A Little Bit".

Hodgson toured as a member of the All-Starr Band in 2001, playing lead guitar, and has since collaborated with Trevor Rabin (who appears on the track "The More I Look" on ''Open the Door'') and Ringo Starr.

Hodgson is still touring, often playing alone, but from time to time he is joined by other musicians or a full orchestra. He took part in the Night of the Proms concert series in Belgium and Germany in late 2004, as well as the rock festival Bospop in 2005. On 30 November 2005, he held his first concert in England in over twenty years, at Shepherd's Bush, London. While the performance was filmed and scheduled for a DVD release, the plan was scrapped. Instead, the concert recorded at the Place Des Arts in Montreal, Canada on 6 June 2006 was his first DVD, released on 22 August 2006, entitled ''Take The Long Way Home - Live In Montreal''. In October 2006, the DVD was certified multi-platinum by the CRIA (Canadian Recording Industry Association).

In May 2006, Roger Hodgson was honoured by ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers) in recognition of his song "Give A Little Bit" being one of the most played songs in the ASCAP repertoire in 2005. He received another ASCAP award on April 9, 2008 for the Gym Class Heroes' song "Cupid's Chokehold", recognized as one of the most played songs in ASCAP's repertoire in 2007.

Hodgson participated as a mentor on ''Canadian Idol'' along with Dennis DeYoung. He continued mentoring several of the finalists during his 2006 Canadian Tour.

Hodgson performed at the Concert for Diana at Wembley Stadium, UK on July 1, 2007. He sang a medley of his most popular songs: "Dreamer", "The Logical Song", "Breakfast in America" and "Give A Little Bit".

On September 18, 2007, Eagle Vision released the DVD ''Take the Long Way Home - Live in Montreal'' worldwide, achieving gold in Germany and France.

Hodgson toured the US, Australia, New Zealand, South America, Europe, and Canada in 2010. Though Hodgson's former bandmates in Supertramp announced a 40th Anniversary reunion tour, he was not invited to join them, and his own touring schedule would have prohibited him from any participation beyond the occasional guest spot in any case. Both Hodgson and Supertramp released tour material on download only on their websites. Hodgson's ''Classics Live'' is a collection of recordings taken from solo, band, and orchestra shows from his 2010 world tour. Hodgson again toured worldwide in 2011 and is currently on a world tour which started in February and will finish in November

Personal life

Hodgson has been a vegetarian all of his life. He said in a 1983 interview about the topic: "I've always loved going out in the woods with all the trees because I also have the respect for the wilderness because I am a vegetarian and I don't eat meat."

Discography

''For his work with Supertramp, see Supertramp discography between 1969 and 1983

References

External links

Official website

Official Facebook page

Official Twitter page

rogerhodgson.co.uk - UK Fansite

Category:1950 births Category:Living people Category:English male singers Category:English songwriters Category:English rock guitarists Category:English keyboardists Category:British soft rock musicians Category:People from Portsmouth Category:People educated at Stowe School Category:Supertramp members Category:English expatriates in the United States Category:Ivor Novello Award winners Category:English vegetarians

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