Honeysuckles (Lonicera, ; syn. Caprifolium Mill.) are arching shrubs or twining vines in the family Caprifoliaceae, native to the Northern Hemisphere. There are about 180 species of honeysuckle, 100 of which occur in China; Europe, India and North America have only about 20 native species each. Widely known species include Lonicera periclymenum (European Honeysuckle or Woodbine), Lonicera japonica (Japanese Honeysuckle, White Honeysuckle, or Chinese Honeysuckle) and Lonicera sempervirens (Coral Honeysuckle, Trumpet Honeysuckle, or Woodbine Honeysuckle). Hummingbirds are attracted to these plants.
The leaves are opposite, simple oval, 1–10 cm long; most are deciduous but some are evergreen. Many of the species have sweetly-scented, bell-shaped flowers that produce a sweet, edible nectar. Breaking of the Honeysuckle's stem will release this powerful sweet odor. The fruit is a red, blue or black berry containing several seeds; in most species the berries are mildly poisonous, but a few (notably Lonicera caerulea) have edible berries. The plant is eaten by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species - see list of Lepidoptera that feed on honeysuckles.
The name Lonicera stems from Adam Lonicer, a Renaissance botanist.
Several species of Lonicera have become invasive when introduced outside their native range, particularly in New Zealand and the United States. Invasive species include L. japonica, L. maackii, L. morrowii, and L. tatarica.
Lonicera acuminata Lonicera albiflora - White Honeysuckle Lonicera alpigena - Alpine Honeysuckle Lonicera altmannii Lonicera angustifolia Lonicera anisocalyx Lonicera arborea Lonicera arizonica - Arizona Honeysuckle Lonicera biflora Lonicera bournei Lonicera brevisepala Lonicera buchananii Lonicera buddleioides Lonicera caerulea - Blue-berried Honeysuckle Lonicera calcarata Lonicera calvescens Lonicera canadensis - American Fly Honeysuckle Lonicera caprifolium - Perfoliate Honeysuckle Lonicera carnosifolis Lonicera chrysantha - Chrysantha Honeysuckle Lonicera ciliosa - Orange Honeysuckle Lonicera ciliosissima Lonicera cinerea Lonicera codonantha Lonicera confusa Lonicera conjugialis - Purpleflower Honeysuckle Lonicera crassifolia Lonicera cyanocarpa Lonicera dasystyla - Tonkinese Honeysuckle Lonicera dioica - Limber Honeysuckle Lonicera elisae Lonicera etrusca - Etruscan honeysuckle Lonicera fargesii Lonicera ferdinandii Lonicera ferruginea Lonicera flava - Yellow Honeysuckle Lonicera fragilis Lonicera fragrantissima - Winter Honeysuckle Lonicera fulvotomentosa Lonicera glutinosa Lonicera graebneri Lonicera gynochlamydea Lonicera hellenica - Greek Honeysuckle Lonicera hemsleyana Lonicera heterophylla Lonicera hildebrandiana - Giant Burmese Honeysuckle Lonicera hirsuta - Hairy Honeysuckle Lonicera hispida Lonicera hispidula - Pink Honeysuckle Lonicera humilis Lonicera hypoglauca Lonicera hypoleuca Lonicera implexa Lonicera inconspicua Lonicera inodora Lonicera interrupta - Chaparral Honeysuckle Lonicera involucrata - Bearberry honeysuckle Lonicera japonica - Japanese Honeysuckle Lonicera jilongensis Lonicera kansuensis Lonicera kawakamii Lonicera korolkowii - Blueleaf Honeysuckle Lonicera lanceolata Lonicera ligustrina Lonicera litangensis Lonicera longiflora Lonicera longituba Lonicera maackii - Amur Honeysuckle Lonicera macrantha Lonicera macranthoides Lonicera maximowiczii Lonicera microphylla Lonicera minuta Lonicera minutifolia Lonicera modesta Lonicera morrowii - Morrow's honeysuckle Lonicera mucronata Lonicera myrtillus Lonicera nervosa Lonicera nigra - Black-berried Honeysuckle Lonicera nitida - Box or Boxleaf honeysuckle Lonicera nubium Lonicera nummulariifolia Lonicera oblata Lonicera oblongifolia - Swamp Fly Honeysuckle Lonicera oiwakensis Lonicera oreodoxa Lonicera orientalis Lonicera pampaninii Lonicera paradoxa Lonicera periclymenum - Common (or European) honeysuckle, Woodbine Lonicera pileata - Privet honeysuckle Lonicera pilosa - Mexican Honeysuckle Lonicera praeflorens Lonicera prostrata Lonicera pyrenaica Lonicera reticulata - Grape Honeysuckle Lonicera retusa Lonicera rhytidophylla Lonicera rupicola Lonicera ruprechtiana - Manchurian Honeysuckle Lonicera saccata Lonicera schneideriana Lonicera semenovii Lonicera sempervirens - Trumpet Honeysuckle Lonicera serreana Lonicera setifera Lonicera similis Lonicera spinosa Lonicera splendida - Evergreen Honeysuckle Lonicera standishii - Standish's Honeysuckle Lonicera stephanocarpa Lonicera subaequalis Lonicera subhispida Lonicera sublabiata Lonicera subspicata - Southern Honeysuckle Lonicera szechuanica Lonicera taipeiensis Lonicera tangutica Lonicera tatarica - Tartarian Honeysuckle Lonicera tatarinowii Lonicera tomentella Lonicera tragophylla Lonicera tricalysioides Lonicera trichogyne Lonicera trichosantha Lonicera trichosepala Lonicera tubuliflora Lonicera utahensis - Utah Honeysuckle Lonicera villosa - Mountain Fly Honeysuckle Lonicera virgultorum Lonicera webbiana Lonicera xylosteum - (European) Fly Honeysuckle, Dwarf Honeysuckle, Fly Woodbine Lonicera yunnanensis
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